Charge
1+
2+
3+
Charge
1-
23-
Name of Cation
Formula of Cation
Hydrogen ion
H+
Lithium ion
Li +
Sodium ion
Na +
Potassium ion
K+
Silver ion
Ag +
Ammonium ion
NH4 +
Barium ion
Ba 2+
Calcium ion
Ca 2+
Magnesium ion
Mg 2+
Zinc ion
Zn 2+
Copper(II) ion
Cu 2+
Iron(II) ion
Fe 2+
Lead(II) ion
Pb 2+
Aluminium ion
Al 3+
Iron(III) ion
Fe 3+
Name of Anion
Formula of Anion
Hydroxide ion
OH -
Chloride ion
Cl -
Fluoride ion
F-
Bromide ion
Br -
Iodide ion
I-
Nitrate ion
NO3 -
Oxide ion
O 2-
Sulphate ion
SO4 2-
Carbonate ion
CO3 2-
Phosphate ion
PO4 3-
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
18
Name of Cation
Formula of
Cation
Name of Cation
Hydrogen ion
Hydrogen ion
Lithium ion
Magnesium ion
Sodium ion
Barium ion
Potassium ion
Potassium ion
Silver ion
Iron(II) ion
Ammonium ion
Ammonium ion
Barium ion
Zinc ion
Calcium ion
Aluminium ion
Magnesium ion
Lithium ion
Zinc ion
Iron(III) ion
Copper(II) ion
Sodium ion
Iron(II) ion
Calcium ion
Lead(II) ion
Silver ion
Aluminium ion
Copper(II) ion
Iron(III) ion
Name of Anion
Formula of
Cation
Lead(II) ion
Formula of
Anion
Name of Anion
Hydroxide ion
Phosphate ion
Chloride ion
Bromide ion
Fluoride ion
Oxide ion
Bromide ion
Carbonate ion
Iodide ion
Iodide ion
Nitrate ion
Chloride ion
Oxide ion
Sulphate ion
Sulphate ion
Nitrate ion
Carbonate ion
Hydroxide ion
Phosphate ion
Fluoride ion
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
Formula of
Anion
19
Name of Cation
Formula of
Cation
Name of Cation
Hydrogen ion
Hydrogen ion
Lithium ion
Lithium ion
Sodium ion
Sodium ion
Potassium ion
Potassium ion
Silver ion
Silver ion
Ammonium ion
Ammonium ion
Barium ion
Barium ion
Calcium ion
Calcium ion
Magnesium ion
Magnesium ion
Zinc ion
Zinc ion
Copper(II) ion
Copper(II) ion
Iron(II) ion
Iron(II) ion
Lead(II) ion
Aluminium ion
Aluminium ion
Iron(III) ion
Iron(III) ion
Lead(II) ion
Name of Anion
Formula of
Anion
Name of Anion
Hydroxide ion
Hydroxide ion
Chloride ion
Chloride ion
Fluoride ion
Fluoride ion
Bromide ion
Bromide ion
Iodide ion
Iodide ion
Nitrate ion
Nitrate ion
Oxide ion
Oxide ion
Sulphate ion
Sulphate ion
Carbonate ion
Carbonate ion
Phosphate ion
Phosphate ion
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
Formula of
Cation
Formula of
Anion
20
Name of Cation
Formula of
Cation
Name of Cation
Hydrogen ion
Hydrogen ion
Lithium ion
Lithium ion
Sodium ion
Sodium ion
Potassium ion
Potassium ion
Silver ion
Silver ion
Ammonium ion
Ammonium ion
Barium ion
Barium ion
Calcium ion
Calcium ion
Magnesium ion
Magnesium ion
Zinc ion
Zinc ion
Copper(II) ion
Copper(II) ion
Iron(II) ion
Iron(II) ion
Lead(II) ion
Aluminium ion
Aluminium ion
Iron(III) ion
Iron(III) ion
Lead(II) ion
Name of Anion
Formula of
Anion
Name of Anion
Hydroxide ion
Hydroxide ion
Chloride ion
Chloride ion
Fluoride ion
Fluoride ion
Bromide ion
Bromide ion
Iodide ion
Iodide ion
Nitrate ion
Nitrate ion
Oxide ion
Oxide ion
Sulphate ion
Sulphate ion
Carbonate ion
Carbonate ion
Phosphate ion
Phosphate ion
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
Formula of
Cation
Formula of
Anion
21
Example
Construct the chemical formula for each of the following ionic compound.
a)Magnesium hydroxide
b) Silver iodide
c) Potassium Bromide
d) Zinc nitrate
e) Sodium carbonate
f) Aluminium oxide
g) Copper(II) iodide
h) Iron(II) sulphate
i) Magnesium oxide
j)Calcium carbonate
l) Ammonium phosphate
m) Sodium hydroxide
n) Zinc bromide
o) Lead(II) nitrate
p) copper(II) sulphate
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
22
Example
1.
Write the formula of the following substances.
a) Potassium iodide
=
1) Nitric acid
=
b) Magnesium oxide
=
2) Lead(II) iodide
=
c) Carbon dioxide
=
3) Copper(II) nitrate
=
d) Copper(II) oxide
=
4) Zinc sulphate
=
e) Lead(II) bromide
=
5) Iron(II) chloride
=
f) Calcium chloride
=
6) Iron(III) chloride
=
g) Hydrochloric acid
=
7) Chlorine gas
=
h) Copper(II) sulphate
=
8) Potasium nitrate
=
i) Hydrogen gas
=
9) Silver nitrate
=
j) Water
=
10) Magnesium bromide =
k) Sulphuric acid
=
11) Zinc chloride
=
l) Silver chloride
=
12) Sodium hydroxide
=
m) Potassium nitrate
=
13) Ammonia
=
n) Calcium carbonate
=
14) Iron(II) sulphate
=
o) Aluminium oxide
=
15) Lead(II) oxide
=
p) Oxygen gas
=
16) Carbon monoxide
=
q) Oleum
=
17) Magnesium sulphate =
r) Ammonium sulphate
=
18) Ammonium nitrate
s) Sodium chloride
=
19) Potassium hydroxide =
t) Zinc oxide
=
20) Lithium oxide
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
=
=
23
Example
1.
Write the formula of the following substances.
a) Potassium iodide
=
1) Nitric acid
=
b) Magnesium oxide
=
2) Lead(II) iodide
=
c) Carbon dioxide
=
3) Copper(II) nitrate
=
d) Copper(II) oxide
=
4) Zinc sulphate
=
e) Lead(II) bromide
=
5) Iron(II) chloride
=
f) Calcium chloride
=
6) Iron(III) chloride
=
g) Hydrochloric acid
=
7) Chlorine gas
=
h) Copper(II) sulphate
=
8) Potasium nitrate
=
i) Hydrogen gas
=
9) Silver nitrate
=
j) Water
=
10) Magnesium bromide =
k) Sulphuric acid
=
11) Zinc chloride
=
l) Silver chloride
=
12) Sodium hydroxide
=
m) Potassium nitrate
=
13) Ammonia
=
n) Calcium carbonate
=
14) Iron(II) sulphate
=
o) Aluminium oxide
=
15) Lead(II) oxide
=
p) Oxygen gas
=
16) Carbon monoxide
=
q) Oleum
=
17) Magnesium sulphate =
r) Ammonium sulphate
=
18) Ammonium nitrate
s) Sodium chloride
=
19) Potassium hydroxide =
t) Zinc oxide
=
20) Lithium oxide
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
=
=
24
Example
1.
Write the formula of the following substances.
a) Potassium iodide
=
1) Nitric acid
=
b) Magnesium oxide
=
2) Lead(II) iodide
=
c) Carbon dioxide
=
3) Copper(II) nitrate
=
d) Copper(II) oxide
=
4) Zinc sulphate
=
e) Lead(II) bromide
=
5) Iron(II) chloride
=
f) Calcium chloride
=
6) Iron(III) chloride
=
g) Hydrochloric acid
=
7) Chlorine gas
=
h) Copper(II) sulphate
=
8) Potasium nitrate
=
i) Hydrogen gas
=
9) Silver nitrate
=
j) Water
=
10) Magnesium bromide =
k) Sulphuric acid
=
11) Zinc chloride
=
l) Silver chloride
=
12) Sodium hydroxide
=
m) Potassium nitrate
=
13) Ammonia
=
n) Calcium carbonate
=
14) Iron(II) sulphate
=
o) Aluminium oxide
=
15) Lead(II) oxide
=
p) Oxygen gas
=
16) Carbon monoxide
=
q) Oleum
=
17) Magnesium sulphate =
r) Ammonium sulphate
=
18) Ammonium nitrate
s) Sodium chloride
=
19) Potassium hydroxide =
t) Zinc oxide
=
20) Lithium oxide
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
=
=
25
Example
Name the following ionic compound by using their IUPAC name.
Ionic
Formula
Name
Ionic
Formula
NaCl
KI
MgO
BaSO4
Cu(NO3)2
CaCO3
Al2O3
FeCl3
ZnCl2
LiOH
CuO
FeSO4
AgNO3
NaOH
MgBr2
ZnO
PbSO4
PbI2
Name
NaBr
Br Bromide
Na +
Sodium
Sodium Bromide
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
26
CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
a) Qualitative Aspect
K(S) + H2O(l)
KOH(aq) + H2(g)
Reactant
Product
Meaning: Solid Potassium react with water liquid to give
potassium hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas
p/s: 1) Able to classify reactant and product.
2) Able to balance the equation.
Example 1
For each equation, identify the reactant(s), product(s) and the state of each
of them. Then, balance the equation.
a)
H2 (g) +
O2 (g)
b)
CuO (s) +
c)
Cl2 (g) +
NaBr (aq)
d)
Mg (s) +
HCl (aq)
HCl (aq)
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
H2O (l)
CuCl2 (aq) +
H2O (l)
NaCl (aq)
+
Br2 (l)
MgCl2 (aq) +
H2 (g)
27
Example 2
Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions.
a) Carbon monoxide gas + oxygen gas
Carbon dioxide gas
b) Hydrogen gas + nitrogen gas
Ammonia gas
c) Aluminium + iron(III) oxide
Aluminium oxide + iron
d) Ammonia gas react with oxygen gas to yield nitrogen monoxide gas and
water.
e) Silver nitrate solution is added to calcium chloride solution. Silver chloride
precipitate and calcium nitrate solution are produced.
f) When solid zinc carbonate is heated, it decomposes into zinc oxide powder
and carbon dioxide gas.
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
28
Example 3
1. Construct balanced chemical equations:
a) Magnesium react with oxygen will produce magnesium oxide.
b) Sodium metal react with chlorine gas will produce sodium
chloride.
c) Potassium oxide react with water will produce potassium
hydroxide.
d) Lithium metal react with water will produce lithium hydroxide
and hydrogen gas.
e) Zinc metal react with water will produce zinc oxide and
hydrogen gas.
f) Calcium carbonate react with hydrochloric acid will produce
calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide.
g) Hydrochloric acid react with sodium hydroxide will produce
sodium chloride and water.
h) Potassium oxide react with nitric acid will produce potassium
nitrate and water.
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
29
i) Iron metal react with chlorine gas will produce iron(III) chloride.
j) Magnesium metal react with nitric acid with produce
magnesium nitrate and hydrogen gas.
k) Zinc metal dissolved in copper(II) chloride will produce zinc
chloride and copper metal.
l) Chlorine gas react with potassium bromide will produce
potassium chloride and bromine gas.
m)Copper(II) carbonate when heated will produce copper(II)
oxide and carbon dioxide.
n) Lead(II) nitrate when heated will produce lead(II) oxide,
nitrogen gas and oxygen gas.
o) Potassium iodide react with lead(II) nitrate will produce lead(II)
iodide and potassium nitrate solution.
p) Sodium hydroxide react ammonium chloride will produce
sodium chloride, water and ammonia gas.
q) Zinc metal react with hydrochloric acid will produce zinc
chloride and hydrogen gas.
r) Magnesium oxide react with sulphuric acid will produce
magnesium sulphate react with water.
Prepared by: Mr. Benjamin Tee Xin Rui
30