1
2
Periodic Table of Elements
H
He
(most stable charge is underlined)
4.00
1.01
3
4
Li
Be
6.94
9.01
11
12
Na
Mg
22.99
24.31
Selected
Polyatomic
Ions
BrO3-
IO3-
CO32-
SO42-
20
21
Sc
scandium
titanium
vanadium
chromium
manganese
iron
cobalt
nickel
39.10
40.08
44.96
47.87
47.87
52.00
54.94
55.85
58.93
58.69
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
Y
Zr
Nb
Mo
Ag
V
4+,5+
24
25
Mn
PO43- NH4+
Ca
3+,4+
Cr
ClO3-
19
Ti
23
HCO3- OH-
K
3+
22
NO3-
2+,3+
26
2+,4+
27
2+,3+
28
Co
2+,3+
Ni
2+,3+
6
7
8
9
10
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
10.81
12.01
14.01
16.00
19.00
20.18
13
14
15
16
17
18
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
26.98
28.09
30.97
32.07
35.45
39.95
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr
copper
zinc
gallium
germanium
arsenic
selenium
bromine
krypton
63.55
65.39
69.72
72.61
74.92
78.96
79.90
83.80
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
Xe
1+,2+
2+
Rb
Sr
Ru
Rh
Pd
Sb
Te
I
rubidium
strontium
yttrium
zirconium
niobium
molybdenum
technetium
ruthenium
rhodium
palladium
silver
cadmium
indium
tin
antimony
tellurium
iodine
85.47
87.62
88.91
91.22
91.22
95.94
(98)
101.07
102.91
106.42
107.87
112.41
114.82
118.71
121.76
127.60
126.90
131.29
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
Au
Hg
Tl
3+
4+
3+,5+
55
56
57
72
Ba
La
Hf
cesium
barium
lanthanum
halfnium
tantalum
tungsten
rhenium
132.91
137.33
138,91
178.49
178.49
183.84
186.21
87
88
89
104
105
106
107
4+
Ta
74
7+
Cs
2+,3+
73
6+
Tc
Fe
5
5+
W
6+
Re
7+
3+,4+
Os
3+
Cd
2+
In
Sn
2+,4+
Bi
Po
At
iridium
platinum
gold
mercury
thallium
lead
bismuth
polonium
astatine
190.23
192.22
195.08
196.97
200.59
204.38
207.2
208.98
(209)
(210)
108
109
4+
Fr
Ra
Ac
Rf
Db
Sg
Bh
Hs
Mt
francium
radium
actinium
rutherfordium
dubnium
seaborgium
bohrium
hassium
meitnerium
(223)
(226)
(227)
(261)
(261)
(266)
(264)
(269)
(268)
Pt
1+
osmium
4+
Ir
2+,3+
2+,4+
1+,3+
1+,2+
Pb
2+,4+
xenon
Rn
radon
(222)
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
Ce
Pr
Nd
Pm
Sm
Eu
Gd
Tb
Dy
Ho
Er
Tm
Yt
Lu
dysprosiu
m
holmium
erbium
thulium
ytterbium
lutetium
164.93
167.26
74.92
78.96
174.97
cerium
praseodymium
neodymium
promethium
samarium
europium
gadolinium
terbium
140.12
140.91
144.24
(145)
150.36
151.96
157.25
158.93
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
Cf
Es
Fm
Md
No
Lr
californiu
m
einsteinium
fermium
mendelevium
nobelium
lawrencium
(252)
(257)
(258)
(259)
(262)
Th
Pa
U
Np
Pu
Am
Cm
Bk
thorium
protactinium
uranium
neptunium
plutonium
americium
curium
berkelium
(244)
(243)
(247)
(247)
232.04
231.04
238.03
(237)
162.50
(251)
CONSTANTS:
Avogadro’s Number: 6.02 x 1023 entities/mol
Gas Constant : 8.314 kPa·L/mol·K
SATP
Standard Ambiant Temperature
Standard Ambient Pressure
Molar Volume
Standard Temperature
Standard Pressure
Molar Volume
STP
𝑛
𝐶=𝑣
𝐶1 𝑉1 = 𝐶2 𝑉2
𝑝1 𝑣 = 𝑝2 𝑣2
𝑝𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇
𝑣1
𝑇1
𝑝1
𝑇1
=
𝑣2
=
25 ۫C
100 kPa
24.8 L/mol
0 ۫C
101.325 kPa
22.4 L/mol
𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑝1 + 𝑝2 + 𝑝3 …
𝑇2
𝑝2
𝑃1 𝑉1
𝑇2
𝑇1
=
𝑃2 𝑉2
𝑇2
SOLUBILITY AT SATP
C
A
T
I
O
N
S
High
solubility
(aq)
Low
solubility
(s)
ANIONS
OHSO42CO32- PO43-, SO32C2H3O2NO3Group 1
Most
Group 1
Most
All
NH4+
NH4+
Sr2+
Ba2+
Tl+
All group 1 compounds, including acids, and all ammonium compounds are assumed to have high
solubility in water.
Ag+
Most
Most
Ag+
most
Ag+
none
2+
2+
Pb
Pb
Hg2+
Ca2+
Hg +
Ba2+
Cu+
Sr2+
Tl+
Ra2+
Cl-, Br-, IMost
S2Group 1
NH4+
Group 2
Polyatomic Ions- Oxidation Number and Names
Oxidation Number = -1
BrO3
HSO4CNH2PO3C2H3O2
H2PO4ClOIO3ClO2MnO4ClO3
NO2ClO4
NO3HCO3OCNHC2O4
OHHSO3
SCN-
Oxidation Number = -2
CO3-2
HPO4-2
C2O4-2
O2-2
-2
CrO4
SO3-2
Cr2O7-2
SO4-2
HPO3-2
S2O3-2
Oxidation Number = -3
AsO3-3
PO3-3
-3
AsO4
PO4-3
Oxidation Number = +1
NH4+
Electronegativities