Objectives of plant breeding Ghulammohyyudin Khizar Hayat Muhammad shamir To increase yield + The main objective of any plant breeder is to increase yield of selected plants . Any part of plant which we use include in yield it could be grains ,leaves or fiber . To improve quality + Quality of crop varies from crop to crop. It could be grain size, shape, colour quality of fiber e.t.c. For example in case of wheat we need milling and baking quality of grains. + In case of fruit and vegetables we need quality in size colour and flavor. Disease and pest resistance + Disease and pest resistant varieties offer most easy way to avoid disease and pest. They not only increase resistance but also stabilize productvity. + E.g resistant varieties of wheat have more productivity then non resistant. Maturity duration + Breeding has enable us to decrease maturity time of crops this allow us to take 3 crops in year rather then traditional 2 crops. Light and temperature resistance + Development of light and temperature resistant varieties allow us to grow these varieties in areas which are even not suitable for specific crops. + For example resistant varieties of rice can now be sown in temperate regions . Agronomic characteristics + Agronomic characteristics include plants height, branching system and tillering. Now these characteristics can be adjusted according to need and environmental conditions. + E.g development of less height varieties of wheat avoid falling of wheat and reduce lose. Synchronous maturity + It mean all crop become mature at same time. + It is desireble in crops with multiple picking like cotton,mung e.t.c it reduce cost of labour. Water stress and salt tolerance + Development of varieties for rainfed areas and for saline soils is one of biggest objective of plant breeding. Wider adaptability + Development of varieties for wide range of areas and weather conditions. Elimination of toxins + Some crops have toxic substance which could be harmful while consuming. So breeders are developing varieties while removing toxins present in them.
