EARTH SCIENCE
Discovered in Sept. 2023 by Japanese scientists in cloud
➢
water.
➢
When these tiny fragments reach the upper atmosphere
and are exposed to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, they
will degrade and will contribute to greenhouse gasses.
ASTRONOMY
Longest single-duration spaceflight for a U.S. astronaut
➢
➢
Nearest quasar to earth
Philippine Satellites:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Microplastics
Mount Fuji and Mount Oyama
returned September 27, 2023
NASA Astronaut Frank Rubio & 2
cosmonauts
➢ Soyuz MS-22
➢ 371 days
➢ Markarian 231
Diwata-1 – first microsatellite of the Philippines.
Diwata-2
Maya-1 – first nano-satellite owned by the Philippines and was launched in 2018
Maya-2
Maya- 3 & 4 – deployed simultaneously on October 6, 2021; the country's first university-built satellites.
Maya- 5 & 6 – deployed simultaneously on July 19, 2023; the country's second university-built satellites.
MULA – small satellite, under development, carries TrueColor camera w/ 5m resolution, w/ environmental
missions (e.g., disaster mgt, land use, and land cover change mapping, crop monitoring).
Additions:
1. Agila-1 – first privately Filipino-owned satellite; formerly named Palapa B2-P (Indonesia).
2. Agila-2 – first satellite launched into space
What advanced space telescope, launched in 2021, is
designed to study distant galaxies and black holes by
detecting X-rays emitted from hot regions in the universe?
In 2019, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration
made headlines by capturing the first-ever image of a black
hole. Which black hole was imaged?
Which international collaboration is responsible for the
construction of the world's largest experimental fusion
reactor, with the goal of demonstrating the feasibility of
nuclear fusion as a clean and abundant energy source?
What is the name of the mission launched by NASA in 2018
to study the outer atmosphere of the Sun, including the
solar wind and the Sun's magnetic fields?
NASA’s DART mission was the first mission dedicated to
investigating and demonstrating asteroid deflection by
changing an asteroid's motion in space through kinetic
impact. It was launched on Nov. 24, 2021, and made an
impact on Sept. 26, 2022, on which asteroid and its
moonlet?
Jupiter-sized planets free-floating in space, unconnected to
any star, have been spotted by the James Webb Space
Telescope. These objects appear to be moving in pairs, and
the telescope observed about 40 pairs in the Orion Nebula.
What was the nickname for these objects?
On a mission to “touch the Sun,” NASA's Parker Solar Probe
became the first spacecraft to fly through the ¬_________,
which is known as the Sun’s upper atmosphere in 2021.
What is the name of NASA's helicopter which became the
first aircraft in history to make a powered, controlled flight
on another planet?
Aerial sidekick of Perseverance Rover on Mars
Which spacecraft was the first spacecraft to explore Pluto
and its moons up close in 2015 as well as the first to
explore Arrokoth, the most distant object ever explored up
close, in 2019?
Using data from NASA’s TESS, scientists have identified an
Earth-size world orbiting within the habitable zone of its
star. This terrestrial exoplanet discovered in 2023 is 95%
Earth’s size and likely rocky. What is the name of this
exoplanet?
BIOLOGY
555th ant species documented in the Philippines, 2021
Chandra X-ray Observatory
M87*
ITER - International Thermonuclear
Experimental Reactor
France, 2021
Parker Solar Probe
Didymos (asteroid) and Dimorphos
(moonlet)
DART – Double Asteroid Redirection Test
Jupiter Mass Binary Objects (JuMBO)
Corona
Ingenuity Mars Helicopter or Ingenuity
Helicopter
New Horizons
TOI 700 e
TESS - Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
➢ Mikey Bustos
➢ Meranoplus bicolor
This virus is an emerging infectious disease that first
appeared in domestic pigs in Malaysia and Singapore in
1998.
It can infect humans directly through contact with the
bodily fluids of infected bats and pigs, with some
documented transmission cases among humans, especially
in India, Malaysia, Singapore, and Bangladesh.
50 to 67 thousand years old discovered bones of two adults
and a child in Cagayan;
Earliest human remains to be discovered in the Philippines,
2019
An ECOG is the tracing of the brain waves made by an
apparatus used for detecting and recording brain waves
made with the electrodes in direct contact with the brain.
ECOG is also known as ----In 2021, scientists successfully cloned the first endangered
species. What species was it?
In 2022, a groundbreaking discovery was made regarding
the regeneration of which body part in mice, sparking hope
for future medical advancements.
A team of scientists led by a Japanese pharmaceutical
startup has been working on an antibody drug to stimulate
the growth of new teeth.
➢ Nipah virus
➢ Homo luzonensis
➢ UP Professor Dr. Armand Mijares & team
➢ electrocorticogram
White Rhino
Limbs
➢ Toregem Biopharma (funded by Kyoto
University)
➢ succeeded in growing new teeth in mice in
2018
CHEMISTRY
Who developed the equation that is used to determine the
Erwin Schrödinger
PROBABILITY of finding the electron in any given place?
Who is accredited in the history of modern chemistry for James Chadwick
proving that neutrons existed?
A solution with a pH of 12 is
STRONGLY BASIC
pH is a measure of the relative amount of free
hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water.
pH > 7 is acid
pH = 7 is neutral
pH < 7 is basic
refers to the number of molecules or ions attached to a
central metallic atom
These forces are weak electrostatic forces that attract
neutral molecules to one another.
COORDINATION NUMBER
The noble gases have low boiling points because
only weak Van der Waals forces hold the atoms
together
Tetraquark
In 2020, physicists at CERN announced the discovery of a
new particle composed of quarks, which are fundamental
particles. What is the name of this particle?
PHYSICS
direction of centripetal acceleration
How many degrees of arc are in 4 hours and 20 minutes of
right ascension?
A stone is dropped on the well. The stone reached the
bottom of the well after 1.38 seconds. What is the height of
the well?
Van der Waals forces
always directed towards the center of the circle
65 DEGREES (Solution: 15 degrees per hour)
9.33 m
Free-fall formula: height = dy = 9.81*
What exotic state of matter was created by scientists at
Time crystal
Harvard University in 2021, potentially revolutionizing
quantum computing and fundamental physics?
is a particle physics experiment at Fermilab to measure the Muon g-2 experiment
anomalous magnetic dipole moment of a muon to a
precision of 0.14 ppm, which is a sensitive test of the
Standard Model. It might also provide evidence of the
existence of new particles.
COMPUTER & TECHNOLOGY
The ROBEAR is a high-tech teddy bear that is specifically
Riken
designed to assist with caregiving tasks and provide
support to elderly or disabled individuals. Which Japanese
companies have developed ROBEAR?
refers to a network of physical devices, vehicles,
IoT or Internet of Things
appliances, and other physical objects that are embedded
with sensors, software, and network connectivity that
𝑡^2
2
allows them to collect and share data. With IoT, data is
transferable over a network without requiring human-tohuman or human-to-computer interactions.
fastest-growing consumer application in history by the UBS
study with an estimated 100 million monthly active users
just two months after its launch
What is the term for a computing architecture that relies on
processing tasks in parallel, making use of accelerators like
GPUs for high-performance computing and AI applications?
In 2023, the development of a new type of computer,
utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics, reached a
milestone known as "quantum supremacy." Which
company achieved this milestone?
In the field of artificial intelligence, which branch
focuses on developing algorithms and models that can make
decisions without explicit programming, often used in selfdriving cars and game-playing AI?
In 2021, a Philippine-based company launched the
country's first locally developed smartphone operating
system, aimed at providing a more secure and privacyfocused alternative to Android and iOS
This robot comes with strong grippers for hands, cameras
that support panoramic vision, and two wheels for
mobility.
On pace to spread into industries like retail, logistics, and
commercial security.
A humanoid service robot that is able to safely climb
stairs and balance on one leg, with improved hand-eye
coordination and autonomous navigation.
able to serve tea, water flowers and use a vacuum
A humanoid robot that has traveled the world, graced the
cover of Cosmopolitan Magazine, and addressed the United
Nations.
Can process visual, emotional, and conversational data to
better interact with humans.
A humanoid robot that is powered by an artificial neural
network and has an ear for music (has enhanced sensors
and improved expressive ability and vocalization system
for singing)
Conducted an orchestra in 2020 at the New National
Theater in Tokyo and taking part in other live
performances.
ChatGPT by OpenAI
Officially launched on Nov. 30, 2022
Updated info on Sept. 28, 2023, announced via X
GPT - Generative Pre-trained Transformer
Heterogeneous computing
Google
Machine learning
BayaniOS
EVE (by 1X)
WALKER X (by UBTECH ROBOTICS)
SOPHIA (by HANSON ROBOTICS)
ALTER 3 (by OSAKA UNIVERSITY AND MIXI)