Colton Whittaker
1. Define science and explain four of its major goals.
The goals of science are to take standard steps in research to “understand,
describe, predict or explain phenomena”
2. What is a theory and why is a theory important in sports and exercise psychology?
A theory is a set of interrelated facts that present a systematic view of some
phenomenon in order to describe, explain, and predict its future occurrences.
A theory is important because in order to find the answers to any inquiries
you have you need to start with a theory.
3. Identify the strengths and limitations of scientifically derived knowledge and
professionally practice knowledge. How does each develop?
Scientifically derived strengths are highly reliable, systematic and
controlled, objective and unbiased. Limitations are reductionistic,
conservative, often slow to evolve, lack of focus on external validity.
Practice knowledge strengths are holistic, immediate, and innovative. The
limitations are less reliable, lack of explanations, and greater susceptibility.
It develops according to the RE-AIM model of knowledge.
4. Describe the gap between research and practice, why it exists, and how it can be
bridged.
Professionals working in the field, such as physical educators, coaches,
exercise leaders, athletes, etc. Also, external validity and practicality of
experiments can present us with a wall - not all studies apply directly to the
field. Using an active approach to both learning and application helps
integrate the research and the practice - apply what you have learned in your
own environments, such as the gym, pool, athletic field. Recognize that the
scientific knowledge is based on probability as well - not all ideas or
findings will map onto reality 100% of the time.