Building Materials and Construction by G.C. Sahu Joygopal Jena (z-lib.org)

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Usfbet $ = # / $ $ $ 21! nn M = K K K K 23! nn # K K K K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo! cbst!)dn* =$ =$ =$ =$ K K K K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* 7!nn Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 $ $ $ e )dn* / $ M #$ /# # =M # $$ = = Bt )tr/!dn* '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΃! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Section Span Waist 25 mm Main steel 16 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂ȂͻͿ! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¢¥¡³ǿ!·©´¨¯µ´!¬¡®¤©®§³ R/C beam 25 K K K = # / $ $ 21! nn = / M K K 23! nn = # K K K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 Plan Span # = =$ =$ =$ =$ 7!nn $¯®´¤Ȃ K K K K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo !cbst!)dn* ! xļŻƔņƛƪĮļĸ!0ļƓļƔƸ!0ƛƔĮƪļƸļ! 327 M =$ / #$ = / = $ / $ / =/ $ # = = $ M / # = 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂ȂͻͿ! $¯®´¤Ȃ M / # # == # # $# $$ M= K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K $ = $ = / $ K K K K K K K K K / / = == =/ = = = M # = M / $ M $ #$ M # # $ $ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K $ $ = / M K K K K K K K K K $ = = M =$ == = = 328! /ǓŻƍĸŻƔŮ!bĠƸļƪŻĠƍƮ!ĠƔĸ!0ƛƔƮƸƪǓĮƽƛƔ 25 mm R/C beam '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͼͺ! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Section Span Main steel Distribution steel Alternate bars bent up 1.75 16 Plan Span # M = =/ $ = / M / M= / ## =$ == Bt )tr/!dn* M = $ $ e )dn* / $ Tqbo! )n* # = Op/!pg! Usfbet $ K M $ = / $ 21! nn = / K K 23! nn $ # K K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 K / M / =$ =$ 7!nn $ K K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! !cbst!)dn* M # = $ e )dn* $ $ M $ / / $$ # =$ Bt )tr/!dn* 1.75 K K K M $ $ $ /$ 21! nn $ # M K $ 23! nn / $ K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΀! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!¡!ͿȂ΅΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§!¡´!¯®¥!¥®¤ Waist, d 25 d R/C beam K K K # / $ = # =$ 7!nn xļŻƔņƛƪĮļĸ!0ļƓļƔƸ!0ƛƔĮƪļƸļ! $¯®´¤Ȃ = =/ = K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* ! 329 $ / #$ # / / = $ / = $ 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΀! $¯®´¤Ȃ / # = / / / $/ K K K K K K K K K M $ K K K K = / M $ K K K K K K K K = / = == =# = M # = M / #= = $ K K K K K K K K K K K K K / M $ $ $ = = # K K K K K K K K $ = / = 330! /ǓŻƍĸŻƔŮ!bĠƸļƪŻĠƍƮ!ĠƔĸ!0ƛƔƮƸƪǓĮƽƛƔ 25 mm R/C beam '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͼͻ! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Section Span Main steel Distribution steel Alternate bars bent up 1.15 16 Plan Span = / M $ # $ = $ $ / $ # #$ M = =# #/ Bt )tr/!dn* $ $ # $ $ e )dn* $ Tqbo! )n* # = Op/!pg! Usfbet $ = / $ $ $ 21! nn / K K K K 23! nn # =$ K K K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 M / =$ =$ =$ =$ 7!nn K K K K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! !cbst!)dn* = $ $ $ e )dn* $ M/ // # # $= = # Bt )Tr/!dn* 1.15 $ = / $ $ 21! nn # M K K K 23! nn = # K K K K K 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!Lh0n3 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΁! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!¡!ͿȂͿ΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§!¡´!¯®¥!¥®¤ Waist, d 25 d R/C beam # M $ = / =$ =$ =$ 7!nn $¯®´¤Ȃ K K K K K K K 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* ! xļŻƔņƛƪĮļĸ!0ļƓļƔƸ!0ƛƔĮƪļƸļ! 331 4/51 4/76 4/:1 5/26 5/51 5/76 5/:1 6/26 6/51 : 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 37 36 34 33 31 2: 29 28 26 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΁! $¯®´¤Ȃ 26/5 25/3 24/5 23/4 22/8 21/7 :/81 9/91 9/31 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 9/1 9/6 :/6 Ï 8/6 9 : :/6 21/6 22/6 23/6 24/6 24 25 26 27 28 2: 31 33 35 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27 28 36 38 3: 43 44 48 51 54 55 39 37 36 34 33 31 2: 29 28 28/3 27/3 26/3 25/26 24/1 23/5 22/4 21/3 :/3 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/6 9/6 Ï Ï Ï 8/6 9/6 : 21 22 23 22/6 23 24 25 26 27 28/6 2:/6 32 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 26 33 35 36 38 41 42 45 49 53 332! /ǓŻƍĸŻƔŮ!bĠƸļƪŻĠƍƮ!ĠƔĸ!0ƛƔƮƸƪǓĮƽƛƔ d Wall 1.75 Tqbo! )n* 4/86 5/1 5/36 5/6 5/86 6/1 6/36 6/6 6/86 Op/!pg! Usfbet 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : 38 35 35 33 31 31 29 27 26 26/6 25/9 24/5 23/6 22/9 21/5 :/: :/3 9/4 e Bt )dn* )tr/!dn* Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/6 8/6 9/6 :/1 21! nn Ï 8/6 9/1 :/1 :/6 21/6 22/1 23/1 24/6 23! nn 24/1 24/6 26 27 28 2: 31 32 35 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!cbst! )dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 26 28 7!nn 36 37 3: 42 44 48 51 53 56 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! cbst!)dn* 41 38 36 35 33 32 31 29 28 28/3 27/7 26/8 25/5 24/7 23/6 22/6 21/8 :/81 e Bt )dn* )tr/!dn* Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 9/1 21! nn Ï Ï Ï 8/6 9/1 :/1 :/6 21/6 22/6 23! nn 22/6 23 23/6 24/6 25/6 27 28 29 31 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΂! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!¡!ͿȂ΅΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§³!¡´!¢¯´¨!¥®¤³ '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͼͼ! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Plan 1.75 Section Wall Span 16 25 mm Alternate bars bent up Span d Alternate bars bent up 1.75 Main steel Distribution 25 steel 1.75 d/2 (min. 8 cm) Waist, d Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 7!nn 33 34 36 38 39 42 45 47 51 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! cbst!)dn* ! xļŻƔņƛƪĮļĸ!0ļƓļƔƸ!0ƛƔĮƪļƸļ! 333 25 mm Section Wall '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͼͽ! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Alternate bars bent up Span 1.15 1.15 Plan Span Wall 1.15 Tqbo! )n* 3/66 3/91 4/16 4/41 4/66 4/91 5/16 5/41 5/66 5/91 6/16 6/41 6/66 Op/!pg! Usfbet 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : 21 22 23 24 37 37 35 35 33 31 29 27 27 25 25 23 22 26/6 25/1 24/3 22/9 22/2 21/5 :/86 9/66 8/: 8/5 7/3 6/9 6/16 e Bt )dn* )tr/!dn* Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/6 9 : :/6 21/6 23/6 24/6 26/6 21! nn Ï 9 9/6 :/6 21/1 21/6 22/6 24 25 26/1 29/1 2:/6 33 23! nn 24 25 26 28 29 2: 31 34 36 38 43 Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27 29 2: 33 35 39 7!nn 36 39 41 44 46 48 51 55 55 55 55 Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* 39 37 37 35 35 33 31 29 28 27 25 25 23 e )dn* 28/7 27/5 26/1 25/2 23/7 22/9 22/3 21/5 :/56 9/51 9/11 7/66 7/26 Bt )tr/!dn* Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/61 9/11 :/11 :/61 23/1 23/6 21! nn Ï Ï 8/61 9/11 :/11 :/61 21/1 21/6 22/6 24/1 25/1 28/1 29/1 23! nn 22/1 23/1 24/1 25/1 27/1 28/1 28/6 2:/1 32/1 35/1 36/1 Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͻ΃! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!ͿȂͿ΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§³!¡´!¢¯´¨!¥®¤³ wall Waist, d 16 Main steel Distribution steel 25 d/2 (min. 8 cm) d d Alternate bars bent up 1.15 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 26/1 27/6 28/6 32/1 34/1 7!nn 33 35 37 38 42 44 46 48 51 55 55 Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* 334! /ǓŻƍĸŻƔŮ!bĠƸļƪŻĠƍƮ!ĠƔĸ!0ƛƔƮƸƪǓĮƽƛƔ Plan Section A-B '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂Ȃͼ;! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ Span Span Wall Main steel in landing d/2 (min. 8 cm) A 1.75 Wall B Tqbo! )n* 3/1 3/36 3/61 3/86 4/1 4/36 4/6 4/86 5/1 Op/!pg! Usfbet 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : 9/31 8/:1 8/31 7/21 7/21 6/16 5/26 5/26 4/37 :/6 :/6 21/6 23/6 23/6 26/6 29/6 29/6 31 21! nn 24/6 25/1 26/6 29/6 29/6 33 38 Ï Ï 23! nn Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo! !cbst!)dn* 28 28 2: 34 34 39 41 41 41 7!nn 47 47 47 47 47 Ï Ï Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! cbst!)dn* 29 28 28 26 25 25 23 23 21 :/81 9/:6 8/81 8/61 7/91 6/81 6/71 5/61 5/61 e Bt )dn* )tr/!dn* 9/1 9/6 21 21 22/6 24/6 25 28 28 21! nn 22/6 23/6 25/6 26/1 27/6 2:/6 31 36 Ï 23! nn Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 25 26 29 29 31 35 36 41 41 7!nn 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! cbst!)dn* xļŻƔņƛƪĮļĸ!0ļƓļƔƸ!0ƛƔĮƪļƸļ! 28 26 25 25 23 23 23 21 21 e Bt )dn* )tr/!dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͼͺ! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³!¯²!¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!ͿȂ΅΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§³!¡´!¢¯´¨!¥®¤³ǿ!¡®¤!£¯¯®!¦¯²!´·¯Ȅ³´¡©²!²µ®³ Wall 16 25 mm Distribution steel 25 1.75 1.75 1.50 1.75 Main steel in landing Waist, d 1.50 4.00 1.75 1.75 Wall ! 335 Tqbo! )n* 3/1 3/36 3/6 3/86 4/1 4/36 4/6 Op/!pg! Usfbet 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 25 25 23 23 21 21 21 e )dn* 8/1 7/1 6/8 5/8 5/6 4/63 3/79 Bt )tr/!dn* 22/1 24/1 24/6 27/6 28 31 31 21! nn 27/1 29/6 2:/6 35 Ï Ï Ï 23! nn 39 44 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo! cbst!)dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!411!lh0n3 31 34 35 39 41 41 41 7!nn 55 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo! cbst!)dn* 27 25 25 23 23 21 21 e )dn* 8/:1 8/66 7/46 7/21 5/:3 5/97 4/73 Bt )tr/!dn* :/6 21/1 23/1 23/6 26/6 27 31 21! nn 25/1 26/1 28/6 29/6 Ï Ï Ï 23! nn 36 37 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 27! nn Tqbdjoh!pg!nbjo!cbst! )dn* Mjwf!Mpbe!>!611!lh0n3 29 29 33 34 39 3: 41 7!nn $¯®´¤Ȃ 55 55 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 21!nn Tqbdjoh!pg! ejtusjcvujpo!! cbst!)dn* 5¡¢¬¥!ͻ΂Ȃͼͻ! 4´¡©²³ǿ!³©°¬¹!³µ°°¯²´¥¤!¯®!·¡¬¬³Ȟ¯®!¢¥¡³!·©´¨!ͿȂ΅΃!!©®´¥§²¡¬!¬¡®¤©®§!¡´!¯®¥!¥®¤!¡®¤!£¯¯®!¦¯²!´·¯!³´¡©²!²µ®³ '©§Ȃ!ͻ΂ȂͼͿ! 3¥©®¦¯²£¥¥®´!¤¥´¡©¬³!¯¦!³´¡©²£¡³¥ 336! /ǓŻƍĸŻƔŮ!bĠƸļƪŻĠƍƮ!ĠƔĸ!0ƛƔƮƸƪǓĮƽƛƔ 5/1 5/36 5/6 5/86 6/1 6/36 6/6 6/86 7/1 : 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 36 36 36 33 32 32 29 29 27 27 26/1 24/9 23/6 23/4 22/5 21/3 21/1 9/: 9/5 8/56 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/6 8/6 9/6 :/1 21/6 8/6 9/1 :/1 :/1 :/6 22/1 22/1 23/6 24/1 26/1 24/1 25/6 27/1 27/1 28/6 2:/6 31 33 35 38 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 26 27 2: 37 39 42 43 45 49 4: 53 55 55 38 38 36 36 33 32 31 2: 29 27 28/1 26/6 25/9 24/6 24/3 23/3 22/4 21/5 :/66 :/26 Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï Ï 8/6 9/1 9/6 Tpvsdf;! 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Building Materials and Construction by G.C. Sahu Joygopal Jena (z-lib.org)

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