A study of relationship among racism, poverty and income in online higher
educational sector among Indian students.
Review of literature
In March 2016, Microsoft’s newly launched Artificial Intelligence powered bot
called Tay, which was responding to tweets and chats on Group Me and Kit, by
shutting it due to concerns with its ability to recognize when it was making
offensive and racist statements. (Perez, 2016) The bot wasn’t programmed to be
racist, but it learns from those it interacts with. Perez further opines that given
that this is the internet, one of the first things online users taught Tay was how to
be racist, and how to spout back ill informed or inflammatory political opinions.
This episode also supported the internet adage labeled Godwin’s law which
implies online conversation inevitably lead to Nazi or Hitler approaches. These are
subtle emotions, sarcasm whether intentional or unintentional. Niarleseu
Mizletel et al while reviewing subtle commented elucidate implications of indirect
questions instead of direct reviews and thus encourage subtlety. They in their
research try to figure out factors affecting human helpfulness evaluations in
various Amazon reviews, which are indirect and therefore subtle. According to the
results, they show consensus-conformity, individual bias hypothesis, the brilliant
but cruel hypothesis, the quality only strong norm hypothesis. The conformity
hypothesis has roots in the social psychology of conformity, which holds that a
review is evaluated as more helpful when its rating is closer to the consensus star
rating for the product. The individual bias hypothesis implies that when a user
considers a review, he or she will rate it more highly if it expresses an opinion that
he or she agrees with. The brilliant and cruel hypothesis name comes from the
argument that negative reviewers are perceived as more intelligent, competent
and expert than positive reviewers. Finally, it could be that people who assign
particular star ratings in particular situation- write reviews that are textually more
helpful. Since most of the elite institutions are in the developed countries like MIT
and Oxford their views are given substance which promotes racism. According to
Hobbes, every object exists first in itself and later it acquires the characteristics
which we give meaning to.