Fire Midterm 1-21
Module 1 midterm
What is developed to provide specific info
about the actions that should be taken to
accomplish a certain task?
Standard operating procedures
Which two pieces of info are needed by
telecommunicator to initiate a response?
Location and nature of situation
When can a fire apparatus be driven over a
downed power line?
Never
What NFPA standard is for protective
ensembles for structural and proximity
firefighting?
1971
What does the A stand for in CAD?
Aided
What is the correct term for a radio system
permanently mounted in a building?
Base station
Which type of policy has a set procedure but
allows the responder the flexibility to deviate
from the procedure?
Standard operating guidelines
When should fire fighters use the purge valve
on SCBA?
When the SCBA cylinder contains air but no air is coming into the mask
What percentage of fire fighter deaths in the
United States occur on the fireground?
22%
A talk-around channel:
Transmits and receives on the same frequency
What is the first step in cleaning SCBA?
Rinse the entire unit using a hose with clean water
The fire fighter who is trained in rescue,
recovery, and search procedures in both water
and under ice conditions is a:
SCUBA dive rescue technician
What comprises the guiding and direecting of
fire fighters to do what their fire department
expects of them?
Discipline
What is the first step in the process of
response?
Checking PPE
Which type of breathing apparatus recycles the
users exhaled air?
Closed-circuit
Which agency regulates the design,
installation, and operation of two-way radio
systems?
FCC
What percent of emergency calls to 9-1-1 are
estimated to come from cell phones?
70%
Before opening doors or exiting apparatuses,
fire fighters should always check for:
traffi
What is the NFPA standard on personal alert
safety systems?
1982
Which term is used by some departments to
indicate that fire fighters must work in teams of
at least two and remain in constant
communication with each other?
The buddy system
How often are cylinders constructed of
composite materials required to be
hydrostatically tested?
Every 3 years
What is the purpose of fire and life safety
surveys in private dwellings?
Provide the occupants with recommendations on how to make their home safer
Due to an increase in the use of synthetic
products, what is considered to be the leading
cause of death among fire fighters?
Cancer
Smoke alarms should be tested how often?
Monthly
How old is the institution of a fire department?
It goes back to ancient Rome, some 2000 years ago
What is the first step in receiving and
dispatching an emergency call?
Call receipt
What is the second step in receiving and
dispatching an emergency call?
Location validation
What is the third step in receiving and
dispatching an emergency call?
Classification & prioritization
What is the fourth step in receiving and
dispatching an emergency call?
Unit selection
What is the fifth step in receiving and
dispatching an emergency call?
Dispatch
How soon after a traumatic call should CISD be
held?
As soon as possible
What is developed to provide definitive
guidelines for present and future actions?
Policies
Which traffic regulations, if any, are fire fighter
emergency vehicle operators responding in
emergency vehicles subject to obey?
All traffic laws
Which type of device can a person requesting
assistance use to connect directly to a
telecommunicator?
Call box
Which exemptions or privileges do fire fighters
have from traffic laws when responding in their
own vehicles?
This varies by jurisdiction
Using technology to make buildings and
products safer is an example of what type of
CRR strategy?
Engineering
Who are the ones responsible for coordinating
the activities of several fire compaines in a
defined geographic area such as a station or
district?
Battalion chiefs
Which federal agency sets the design, testing,
and certification requirements for respiratory
protection?
NIOSH
How much does a full set of PPE weigh?
Fifty pounds
Which of the following national organizations
develops U.S. codes and standards dealing with
fire protection?
NFPA
What were the original hooks of "hook-andladder" frame used for?
For pulling down burning structures
If the specific key is not available to turn on or
off a natural gas supply line valve, which tool
will work as well?
An adjustable wrench
Which NFPA standard provides a template for
implementing a comprehensive health and
safety program for fire fighters?
1500
A system that uses digital technology to
transmsit and receive over a group of shared
frequencies controlled by a computer is a:
trunking system
What is one instance in which fire fighters
might call the power company to turn off power
remotely (such as at a nearby power pole)?
If aerial ladders were being used
Who developed the first fireplug (hydrant)?
Fredrick Graff, Sr. in New york, NY
What should any incoming calls without voice
contact at the other end be checked for?
TDD/TTY/text phone systems
A gas valve that has been shut off must not be
reopened untill:
The system has been inspected by a qualified person
Where was the first fire insurance company
formed in America?
Charleston, SC
What does TDD stand for
Telecommunications Device for the Deaf
What does TYY stand for
Teletypewriters
Which of the following is NOT produced by
residential or commercial fires?
Nitrogen Dioxide
Phosgene
Carbon Monoxide
Hydrogen Cyanide
Nitrogen dioxide
What does PSAP stand for?
Public Safety Answering Points
What is the NFPA standard on open-circuit selfcontained breathing apparatus?
1981
How long should it take a fire fighter to don and
activate an SCBA?
1 minute
What is the NFPA standard on station/work
uniforms?
1975
What is the minimum number of firefighters
required to make up a firefighting team?
2
Which type of rule is developed by various
government or government-authorized
organizations to implement a law that has been
passed by a government body?
Regulation
What is the minimum fire fighter level that is
expected to be able to don and doff PPE
correctly?
Fire fighter 1
When is the handle of a natural gas supply line
valve is in line with the pipe, which position is
the valve in?
Open
Which NFPA standard contains a complete list
of qualifications for telecommunicators?
1061
About how many fire fighters are there in the
U.S. according to the NFPA?
Over a million
What is the estimated percentage if the U.S.
that does NOT have access to a type of 9-1-1?
4%
Which catastrophic fire, even bigger than the
Great Chicago Fire and burning at the same
time, caused seven times the loss of life of the
Chicago fire and jumped sixty miles across the
Green Bay?
The Peshtigo Fire
During strenuous firefighting, how does the
realistic use time of an SCBA compare to its
rated use time?
The realistic time is about half the rated time
What is another term for communications
center dispatchers?
Telecommunicators
Which concept dictates that each firefighter
answer to only one supervisor?
Unity of command
What radio channel transmits and receives
signals on the same frequency?
Simplex channel
NFPA standards require a low air alarm to
activate on a SCBA when there is what
percentage of air left?
35%
Which NFPA standard specifies training and
performance qualifications for fire fighters?
1001
During operations in a traffic area, which
guideline should be used to determine how
quickly to close streets and block off access?
Department SOP
Which type of listening is required by
telecommunicators to interpert or draw out all
the necessary information from a caller who
may be excited, confused, or dealing with a
language barrier?
Active
Which synthetic materials are often used in
firefighting due to their heat protection?
Nomex and PBI
A firefighter with specialized training for
aircraft and airport-related incidents is an:
Aircraft rescue fire fighter
Organizing an incident by breaking down the
overall strategy into a series of smaller tasks is
an example of:
Division of labor
Specific information on the actions to be taken
to accomplish a certain task is provided by:
Standard operating procedures
Training and performance qualifications for
firefighters are specified in which NFPA
standard?
1001
What is a set of shared attitudes, values, goals,
and practices that characterize and institution
or organization?
Culture
Where was the first fire insurance company
formed in America?
Charleston, South Carolina
Which cultural characteristic means taking
action even though you have doubts or fears
about the consequences?
Moral courage
Which fire was the precursor for todays NFPA
101 Life Safety Code and helped bring about
changes like sprinkler systems where more
than 25 people work above ground level?
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
Which national organization writes codes and
standards for fire protection?
NFPA
Which position specializes in reviewing plans
for fire detection and suppression systems for
functionality and code compliance?
Fire protection engineer
"Non-plan states" refers to states that have not
adopted:
OSHA regulations
A natural gas shut-off valve is usually a quarter
turn-valve and is considered to be in the open
position when:
The handle is in line with the supply pipe
Doubling the speed of a vehicle will increase
the force exerted by that vehicle by a factor of:
4
When is it acceptable to drive a fire apparatus
over a downed power line?
Never
What is one of the 16 fire fighter life safety
initiatives?
Ensure that fire fighters have access to counseling and psychological support
services
The function of a RIC/UAC is to provide air for:
Emergency refilling of a low air cylinder
The multilayered or quilted layer of structural
firefighting protective clothing is the:
Thermal barrier
What is the first step in cleaning SCBA?
Rinse the entire unit with clean water from a hose
What is the function of an EOSTI?
Warn an SCBA wearer of low cylinder pressure
What does EOSTI stand for?
End-of-service-time-indicator
What is the term for the lower part of a
protective hood?
Bib
Which agency sets the design, testing, and
certification standards for SCBA equipment?
NIOSH (National Institure for Occupational Safety and Health)
Which NFPA standard deals with open-circuit
self-contained breathing apparatus?
1981
A fire department communication center
functions most like a:
Human brain
Approximately what percentage of the
population in the U.S. has access to a 911
system?
95%
Radio frequencies are designated in units of:
Megahertz
Time marking is specifically intended to be an
aid to:
The incident commander
What does an automatic location identification
(ALI) system rely on to be effective?
An accurate and current database
What does ANI stand for?
Automatic number identification
What is the correct term for a radio system
permanently mounted in a building?
Base station
What is the term for a phone line that connects
two predetermined points?
Direct line
What are developed to provide definitive
guidelines for present and future actions?
Policies
What is one of the 16 Life safety initiatives?
Utilize technology wherever it can produce higher levels of safety and health
NFPA sttandards are:
Guidelines
Firefighters who have consumed alcohol within
the previous 8 hours should not be permited to
engage in training or emergency operations.
Fire helmets habe an inner layer for added
thermal protection
Approximately three out of four career fire
fighters work in jurisdictions with a population
of 25,000 or more
Most of the volunteer fire fighters in the U.S.
protect small communities of 25,000 or less
NFPA standards are concensus-based codes and
standards
The Chain of command creates a structure
through which a department manages its
routine and emergency operations?
A two-land intersection has 5 potential crash
points
An oxygen deficient atmosphere contains less
than 19.5 percent oxygen
Smoke contains three highly toxic products of
combustion or physical states of matter
Turnout coats and trousers have a protective
system that consists of 3 layers
Telecommunicators need to know the location
of the emergency and Nature of the situation to
initiate a dispatch
The generally accepted objective is
aproximately 90 seconds from the time a call
reaches the communication untill units are
dispatched
The use of plain language in radio
communication is recommended by the NFPA
and National Incident Management System
(NIMS)
There are five major steps in processing a
report of an emergency incident
There are five major steps in processing a
report of an emergency incident
Module 2 midterm
What are phillips head and roberts head?
Screw head types
What is another term for fire point?
Flame point
The dry chemical in fire extinguishers work in
two ways. What is one of those ways?
They interrupt the chemical chain reactions of combustion
After cleaning, what is the anti-rust procedure
for metal tools?
Dry them thoroughly
What would the observation of glass blocks in a
wall tell fire fighters?
That the wall should not be load-bearing
When you open a door and the smoke thins, but
the smoke still fills the doorway, the fire is
probably on what level?
Below the level of the door
What is one application of the rabbit tool?
Opening doors quickly
Handsaws include hacksaws, carpenters
handsaws, keyhole saws, and:
Coping saws
What is one chemical used as a dry chemical
extinguishing agent?
Ammonium phosphate
What danger is suggested by the observation of
smoke puffing in and out of a structure?
The presence of backdraft conditions
What is the term for the lowest temperature at
which a liquid produces a flammable vapor?
Flash point
What creates mechanical energy?
Friction
What is one of the most common rotating tools?
Screwdriver
Which type of ventilation occurs when clean air
is blown into a structure to force gases out?
Positive pressure
What are rafters?
Solid wood joists mounted in an inclined position
A type 3 building has two different fire loads
The combustible building materials
What is one accurate statement regarding fire
extinguishers?
Non-rechargeable extinguishers must be replaced after any use
Type 3 construction is normally limited in
height to:
Four stories
Which type of saw is used for cutting curves in
wood?
Coping saw
What is the safest and surest way to extinguish
a Class C fire?
Turn off the power and treat it as a Class A or Class B fire
What metal is used in building construction
primarily as coating to protect metal parts from
rust and corrosion?
Zinc
A rabbit tools function is to:
Pry or spread
For an area to qualify for the classification of
light hazard, most of the combustibles present
must meet one of two requirements
They must be arranged so that a fire is unlikely to spread
How many gallons of water are contained in a
Class A fire extinguisher with a numerical
rating of 2?
With what, if anything, can wood be
impregnated to make it more difficult to ignite
and slower burning?
Mineral salts
What is the first step in reading smoke?
Determine the key attributes of smoke
Class B fires can be extinguished by shutting
off the supply of fuel or:
Using foam to exclude the oxygen
What, if anything, do the chemicals in
multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers do to
prevent rekindling of Class A materials?
They form a crust over the fuel
What is one NOT light hazard enviornment?
Self-stoarge units
What does F stand for in LFL?
Flammable
What are the two disadvantages of using power
saws instead of hand saws?
They are heavy to carry
They can be difficult to start
Gasoline has a vapor density:
Greater than 3
What is a term that denotes type 2
construction?
Noncombustible
How are occupancy use category and hazard
classification related, if at all?
They are not necessarily related
What is the relationship, if any, between dry
powder and dry chemical extinguishing agents?
They are entirely different substances with entirely different applications
Which type of barrier is used to prevent the
spread of fire from one side of the wall to the
other?
Fire wall
What is one disadvantage of CO2 extinguishers
compared to other extinguishers?
Short discharge range
What is the most common extinguishing agent
for Class A fires?
Water
A class B extinguisher with a rating of 40-B
would be expected to extinguish which size
flammable liquid surface fire when used by a
non-expert?
40 square feet
What is the term for the kind of wrench that
has a closed end and is used to tighten or
loosen nuts or bolts?
Box-end wrench
When should fire extinguishers on apparatus be
inspected?
Along with regular apparatus equipment checks
What phenomenon can occur when a mixture of
flammable gasses and oxygen in a void or other
confined area come in contact with an ignition
source?
Smoke explosion
Buildings under construction or demolition can
present which of the following in comparison to
a completed building?
The same level of hazards
Light hazard enviornments usually contain a
limited amount of combustibles of which class?
Class A
Which type of construction is called ordinary
construction?
Type 3
What is the term for those plastics that will
melt under fire conditions?
Thermoplastic
Which class of fire includes ordinary
combustibles such as wood and paper?
Class A
What can be added to water extinguishers to
reduce the surface tension of water to aid in
extinguishment of fuels such as baled cotton or
fibrous materials?
Wetting agent
What is the approximate critical temperature
for a flashover to occur?
500 F
Mortar is made by mixing sand, lime, water,
and:
Portland cement
According to NFPA 10, the maximum floor area
that can be protected by each extinguisher
depends on:
The occupancy type
Where is the best place to observe patterns of
smoke?
From the outside of the building
What would the significance of the C in a fire
extinguisher rating like 2-A:10-B:C be?
It means the extinguisher can be used on energized electrical equipment
What is the term for a rapid chemical process
that produces heat and light?
Combustion
Which traditional letter label is represented by
a red square?
B
Which type of construction is heavy timber?
Type 4
To what is the rate of combustion directly
related, concerning wood?
The surface area of the wood
Besides putting out incipient fires, what is
another use for portable fire extinguishers?
Controlling fires where traditional methods of suppression are not recommended
What is it called when indiviual pieces of wood
are glued together?
Engineered wood
How is the numerical rating of Class K portable
fire extinguishers assigned, if there is such a
rating?
There is no such rating assigned
Fire extinguishers are rated for their ability to
control a specific type of fire and:
Ability to prevent rekindling
CAn cutting torches cut steel or only weaker
metals?
Yes, they can cut steel
Under which conditions, if any, will gypsum
burn?
It has limited combustibility
Which type of heat transfer results from the
flow of gases or fluid from hotter areas to
cooler ones?
Convection
Which hazard category is represented by the
following: Auto showrooms, parking garages,
and retail stores?
Ordinary
What is one disadvantage of CO2
extinguishers?
Short discharge range
What is one warning signal of possible
backdraft conditions?
Smoke-stained glass
If heated to a temperature of 1000 F, how far
will a steel beam elongate per 10 feet?
1 inch
What is the term for the lowest temperature at
which a liquid produces enough vapor to
sustain a continuos fire?
Fire point
Why is the use of halon agents strictly
controlled?
It damages the ozone layer
What is the term for high-volume, high-velocity,
turbulent, ultradense black smoke?
Black fire
Which motion best accomplishes the removal of
the pin and tamper seal from a portable fire
extinguisher?
Twisting motion
What is the finishing material that is a thin
concrete surface that can be used over brick,
tile, or wood?
Stucco
When you open a door and the smoke rises, the
opening clears out, and fresh air is being pulled
into the building, the fire is probably on which
level?
Above the level of the door
Bromochlorodifluoromethane should be
recognized by fire fighters as a certain type of
extinguishing agent
Halon 1211
How much potential time can a solid-core door
provide for fire containment when closed?
20 minutes
What is the range of a 2.5-gallon water
extinguisher expelled in a solid stream?
35-40 feet
What does a CMU contain?
Steel reinforcing rods
What residue, if any, does a CO2 fire
extinguisher leave when discharged?
It does not leave any residue
Which classes of fire extinguisher include a
number in their classification?
A and B
Select the true statement about steel
It is very strong both in tension and compression
When determining what risk classification to
assign a certain building area, which two
factors contribute?
Amount and type of combustibles present
Which hazard category is represented by the
following: woodworking shops, service or repair
facilities for cars, and cooking areas with deep
fryers?
Extra
How are the terms flammability range and
explosive limits related, if at all?
They are interchangeable terms
Which of the following smoke colors would
indicate a hot fire that has traveled some
distance?
White
What is one specialty tool used for dragging
heavy objects?
Come along
Research has shown that wind as low as what
speed can create wind-driven fire conditions?
10 mph
When you open a door and the smoke exits
through the top half of the doorway and clean
air enters through the bottom half, the fire is
probably on which level?
Same level as the door
When approaching a fire with an extinguisher in
hand, fire fighters should always have what
behind them?
An exit
What is generally the maximum distance a
CO2 extinguisher can be expected to reach?
8 feet
The classification system for fire extinguishers
uses which two types of symbols?
Letters and numbers
What is the weight of carbon dioxide in
comparison to air?
1.5
Which term refers to how a building is used?
Occupancy
Which substance is prone to spall under fire
conditions?
Concrete
What is the term for water-soluble flammable
liquids such as alcohols, acetone, and others?
Polar solvents
Failure of a steel structure is dependent on
three factors, including the mass of the steel
components, and the loads placed upon them
The methods used to connect the steel pieces
What is it called when trapped moisture in
concrete is heated to steam and expands,
causing parts of the concrete to break away?
Spalling
What is the term for a short (two-to-four foot)
pike pole designed for use in tight spaces?
Closet hook
What effect does placing wire in tempered
glass have on it under fire conditions?
It keeps it from breaking
What is one extinguishing agent that will not
conduct electricity?
Carbon dioxide
What is one means of providing a secure work
platform for fire fighters working on a pitched
roof?
Roof ladder
If a fire extinguisher containing ammonium
phosphate is used on a Class K fire, not only
will it be ineffective, but it can actually worsen
the problem. How?
It can counteract the foaming properties of any alkaline agent applied to the fire
Does it matter which type of dry powder
extinguisher is used on which type of burning
metal?
Yes, each dry powder–extinguishing agent is marked for use on specific
combustible metal fires.
What is used to prevent smoke and fire from
spreading from floor to floor or via a vertical
opening?
Fire separations
Why can dry chemical extinguishers be used on
Class C fires?
Because dry chemicals do not conduct electricity
Heat rising within a structure is primarily
caused by which form of heat transfer?
Convection
Movement of hot fluid id an example of which
method of heat transfer?
Convection
Smoke produced by some solid materials when
they are first heated is typically which color?
White
The majority of civilian fire injuries occur in
which type of occupancy?
Residential
The measure of the rate of transfer of heat
from one surface to another is:
heat flux
The movement of heated gasses in a fire is an
example of which form of heat transfer?
Convection
The volume of space in which the movement of
cooler air enters through an inlet vent and the
space where hot gases and smoke exit through
an exhaust outlet is the:
flow path
If heated to a temperature of 1000 F, how far
can a 100-foot steel beam elongate?
9 inches
Type 2 construction is refered to as:
noncombustible
What is a bar joist?
An open-web steel truss
What is the lower structural member of a truss
called?
Chord
Which construction assembly is the most
susceptible to total failure resulting from the
failure of a small section?
Truss
Which construction component is composed of
smaller pieces joined to form a triangular
configuration?
Truss
Which construction feature presents the
greates collapse hazard?
Modern lightweight construction
Which factor describes how readilyheat will
flow through a material?
Thermal conductivity
Which fire hazard is of particular concern with
ordinary construction?
Fire extension through void spaces
What is a disadvantage of fire-resistive
construction?
Difficulty in extinguishing the fire
Which is an indication of a solid brick wall?
Every seventh course of bricks is turned sideways
Which is one of the four key characteristics
affecting the behavior of building materials
under fire conditions?
Thermal conductivity
A class K agents effect on the fuel is known as:
saponification
A loaded stream extinguisher is designed to:
Resist freezing
A potential problem with application of
multipurpose dry chemical agent to a class K
fire is:
counteraction of other agents applied to the fire
According to NFPA standards, the maximum
floor area that can be protected by each
extinguisher is specified according to:
Occupancy type
Class D agents work primarily by:
Forming a crust over the fuel
For an area to qualify for the classification of
"light hazard," most of the combustibles
present must be:
Arranged so that a fire is unlikely to spread
For an extinguisher to be rated for a particular
class of fire, it must:
Prevent rekindling
For the purpose of fire extinguisher placement,
what is the relationship between occupancy use
category and hazard classification?
They are not necessarily related
What do multipurpose dry chemical agents
prevent rekindiling of Class A fuel?
By forming a crust over the fuel
In general, the maximum discharge range of a
CO2 extinguisher is:
8 feet
Requirements for placing and mounting
portable fire extinguishers are found in NFPA:
10
Which cutting tool requires the most training to
use?
Cutting torch
What is a common type of handsaw?
Coping
Which tool has two retractable blades?
Plaster hook
Which tool is a hand-operated winch?
Come along
What is one tool classified as a prying/
spreading tool?
Kelly tool
Rollover is a sign that flashover is imminent
unless actions are taken to change the fire
conditions
Thermal layering is the tendency of gases in an
enclosed space to form in layers according to
their temperature
The strength of a truss depends on both its
members and the connections between them
Friction is a form of mechanical energy
A NIOSH study found that unprotected
lightweight engineered I-joist floor assemblies
fail after 6 minutes of fire exposure
Type 3 construction is usually limited to a
maximum height of 4 stories
A class A fire extinguisher with a numerical
rating of 2 contains 2.5 gal of water
Bromochlorodifluoromethane is a halon agent
If the fire is in structural void spaces, positivepressure ventilation should not be used until
attack crews are in place and access to the
spaces is/are available.
Module 3 midterm
What is the rule of thumb, if any, relating
smoke movement to fire temperature?
The hotter the fire, the faster the smoke moves
What is one material that is especially well
suited for water rescue rope?
Polypropylene
Which condition is the victim in when the exit
assist is appropriate?
Responsive and able to walk
How can recirculation be eliminated during
smoke ejection?
By completely blocking the opening around the fan
When breaching a floor, what is the best tool to
use?
Rotary saw
How does the fire fighter move when
performing the fire fighter drag?
On hands and knees
Which roof type is generally found in
commercial structures because it creates large
open spans without requiring the use of
columns?
Curved
Which type of structure, used in roof supports,
is composed of relatively small and lightweight
components in a series of triangles?
A truss
What is the term used to describe the top or
bottom section of a trussed beam?
Rail
Which type of ladder raise is usually used when
the ladder can be raised perpendicular to the
target surface?
A flat raise
What is the running end of a rope used for?
Lifting or hoisting
How should a hockey puck lock with a mounting
bracket be disabled?
Rotary saw or cutting torch
All ladder rescues should be performed with a
certain number of fire fighters whenever
possible. How many?
2
When fire fighters are climbing down a ladder
carrying an unconscious child, where should
their hands be?
Sliding down the beams
What is the application of a safety knot?
To finish the other basic knots
How often should ground ladders be visually
inspected?
Monthly
Which knot is used to attach a rope firmly to a
round object such as a tree or fence post?
A clove hitch
Which NFPA standard covers the criteria for
design, construction, and performance of life
safety rope and related equipment?
1983
Which type of ladder is usually carried up
another ladder before being placed?
A roof ladder
What is the term for finishing a knot by
tightening and removing twists, kinks, and
slack from the rope?
Dressing the knot
When making louver cuts, what is used as a
fulcrum to make the louvered openings?
Roof supports
The volume in a structure between an inlet and
an outlet that allows the movement of heat and
smoke from higher pressure to lower pressure
areas is known as the:
Flow path
During a standard search, if the room is large,
it may be necessary for rescuers to:
perform side crawls to check the center of the room
What is the preferred method to ventilate a
large building?
Small compartments one at a time
Recent research on basement fires has found
that fire attack from the interior stairs:
Has a limited effect on extinguishing the fire
When raising ladders, what is the minimum
distance they should be kept from power lines?
10 feet
Wood framed doors come in two styles: rabbet
and:
Stopped
Which knot is used to secure the end of the
rope to an object?
Bowline
Which basic shape should a forcible entry
through a masonry block wall take?
An upside-down V
When a roof ladder is being carried, which end,
if it matters, should be facing forward?
The tip end
How often should in-service ladder service
testing be done?
Annually
The two-fire fighter shoulder carry is generally
used with extension ladders up to:
35 feet
What is the two-fire fighter ladder carry called
in which the ladder is carried at arm’s length
rather than on the shoulder?
The two fire fighter suitcase carry
There are three types of wood swinging doors:
slab, ledge, and:
panel
What is it called if air is immediately drawn
back into the building because of an
incompletely sealed smoke ejector?
Recirculation
Why should fire fighters climbing a ladder not
look up, as a rule?
So that falling debris will not strike them in the face
What is the term for the open space between
the ceiling of the top floor and the underside of
the roof of a building?
Cockloft
What is the kern of a kernmantle rope?
The core
Under which conditions do natural fiber ropes
deteriorate with age?
They deteriorate even if stored properly
When assisting a conscious victim down a
ladder, what can a fire fighter do to maintain
control of the victim’s descent?
Lean in towards the victim
What is a common synthetic fiber used for life
safety ropes?
Polyester
When setting a smoke ejector up in a window,
in which part of the window should it be placed,
or does it matter?
In the upper part of the opening
What are circular saw blades that are made of
composite material that includes silicon carbide
or steel designed to cut?
Masonry
For heat and products of combustion to exhaust
during positive-pressure ventilation, there
must be an opening:
Near the seat of the fire
A thorough size-up of each fire is important to
develop a plan for rescue, fire suppression,
and:
Ventilation
Which part of a ladder must not be exposed to
solvents?
The halyard
In the crow bar family, there is the pry bar and:
The hux bar
What is the best method for securing a ladder?
Secure both the tip and the base
On a three-fire fighter ladder carry, how should
the fire fighters be aligned?
They should all be on the same side of the ladder
Freestanding walls that extend above the
normal roofline are called:
Parapet walls
Under fire conditions, forcible entry through a
window should not be attempted unless this is
in place
A proper fire attack
Which NFPA standard sets the minimum
performance standards for apparatus referred
to as either “aerial ladders” or “elevating
platforms”?
1901
Can a free-hanging roof ladder, not on a roof
but hanging just from its hooks, support the
weight of fire fighters?
No, they cannot support this weight from just the hooks.
Which other tool(s) is/are needed, if any, with a
K-tool?
A pry bar and a flathead axe
What effect do knots in ropes have on their
load-bearing capacity?
They reduce it
What happens if the wrong tool is used on casehardened steel?
The tool can break and people can be injured
Webbing, though not actually a type of rope,
can be used for:
Anchoring and rigging
In the past, fire departments used ropes made
of natural fibers. What is one of those?
Manila
When ventilating a structure, where should a
ladder be placed when breaking a window?
Upwind side of the window
Which knot is used to keep the hoisting rope
aligned with the handle of a tool being hoisted?
Half hitch
Will a correctly tied safety knot slide on the
standing part of the rope?
Yes, it will slide
When hoisting a power saw, it should be in a:
level position
Which type of window is most similar to a
jalousie?
Awning
The standard search is primarily used in what
type of occupancy?
Residential
When rescuing a conscious person from a
window using a ladder, where does the second
fire fighter stand?
On the bottom rung of the ladder
How are the fire fighters arranged in the threefire fighter flat ladder carry?
The front and rear person are on one side, and the middle person is on the other
The Team Search Method is also known as:
rope search
Most straight ladders and roof ladders of a
certain length or less can be safely carried by
one fire fighter. What is this length?
18'
When is the two-person chair carry particularly
useful?
In narrow corridors
In ordinary construction, what are the exterior
walls made of?
Noncombustible or limited-combustible materials
Which of the following tools combines a blade,
a pick, and a claw?
Halligan tool
Which undesirable effect can occur if windows
on the upwind side are opened first in a
horizontal ventilation situation?
Fire may be forced into uninvolved areas of the structure
Which kind of loop does a figure eight on a
bight create?
Secure loop at the working end
How can fire fighters performing a primary
search extend their reach, if at all?
By sweeping out with a tool
Which test evaluates the structural strength of
a ladder?
Horizontal-bending test
Which type of ventilation openings can be used
to stop fire spread in long narrow buildings,
such as strip malls?
Trench
What is the weight limit, in pounds, that most
ground ladders can support?
750
In which position should an axe be raised?
Head down
In an unconscious victim ladder rescue, in
which orientation are the fire fighter and
victim?
Face-to-face
When a ladder is used to access a roof, at least
how many rungs should show above the
roofline?
Five
In a webbing sling drag, what, if anything,
helps support the victim’s head and neck?
The webbing sling
What is the term for a rope that is intended to
be used by a fire fighter only for self-rescue
situations?
Escape rope
Which type of window is made of adjustable
sections of tempered glass in a metal frame
that overlap each other when closed?
Jalousie
Do natural fiber ropes have any use in today’s
fire service?
No, they are rarely used
During which search method does the officer
remain outside the search room while a single
rescuer searches the room using a right-hand
or left-hand search method?
Oriented search
How are life safety ropes categorized?
For technical or general use
What is the phenomenon called in which smoke
hangs low to the ground on a cool damp day
with very little wind?
Smoke inversion
When a ladder is placed at the correct angle for
climbing, what is the ratio of ladder height
(vertical reach) to distance of the butt of the
ladder from the building?
4:01
What is one attractive feature of the fire fighter
drag?
It can be used when the victim is heavier than the rescuer
What does a safety knot do?
Secure the leftover working end of a rope
Which type of knot is used to tie two ropes of
unequal size?
Becket bend
What is negative-pressure ventilation?
Pulling smoke out
Where does the top beam of the ladder rest in
the one-fire fighter carry?
On the shoulder
What is a type of safety knot?
An overhand knot
Sounding is the process of striking a roof with a
tool to locate what?
Support members
On a two-fire fighter shoulder ladder carry,
what should the fire fighter closer to the butt
end do, in addition to carrying that end of the
ladder?
Cover the butt spur with a gloved hand
What is the second search priority?
The area directly above the fire
What must a fire fighter be aware of when
using a power saw to cut a ventilation opening
in a roof?
Structural supports
What is caused by temperature differences
inside and outside a building?
Stack effect
When is a three-fire fighter flat shoulder carry
useful?
When the ladder must be carried over short obstacles
Which sort of core does a dynamic kernmantle
rope have?
Overlapping or woven, shock-absorber
What is the lightest of the synthetic fibers?
Polypropylene
How are jalousie windows normally opened and
closed?
By turning a small hand-crank
What is the floor-to-floor height of a
commercial building?
10'-12'
The Bam-Bam Tool is a special type of forcible
entry tool that aids in:
lock removal
According to NFPA 1901, what is the minimum
total length of feet of ground ladders that a
truck company must carry?
115 feet
With natural fiber ropes, the fibers are twisted
together to form a structure. What is this
structure called?
A strand
What are gusset plates?
Component-connecting plates made of wood or lightweight metal
How strong is tempered glass, as compared to
regular glass?
About 4 times stronger
What should be done with the excess halyard
before tying it off once an extension ladder is
placed and extended?
It should be wrapped around two rungs of the ladder.
Which knot feature is formed in a rope by
making a loop then bringing the two ends of
the rope parallel to each other?
A round turn
To begin the one-fire fighter flat raise, where
are the butt spurs placed for a ladder longer
than 14 feet?
Against both the structure and the ground
What is the NFPA standard on use,
maintenance, and service testing of in-service
fire department ground ladders?
1932
When using search ropes, where should they be
anchored?
10 feet outside the exit door
The four major lock categories are: padlocks,
mortise locks, rim locks, and:
cylindrical locks
One of the most important aspects of
ventilation size-up is determining where the
fire is located, how big the fire is, and:
what stage the fire is in
Where should a ventilation opening be placed
for potential backdraft conditions?
As high as possible in the building
Which type of ladder can be converted from a
straight ladder to an A-frame configuration?
combination ladder
Which type of ladder can be converted from a
straight ladder to an A-frame configuration?
On one side
In a horizontal ventilation situation, which
windows should be opened first?
Downwind side of the building
What are the fans that are used in negativepressure ventilation called?
Smoke ejectors
Which type of circular saw blade is specially
designed to cut through hard surfaces or wood?
Carbide-tipped
Roof ladders provide stable footing and also:
Distribute weight
What is the term for an open space within a
wall where wires and pipes can run?
A pipe chase
What is one of the questions to consider when
inspecting life safety ropes?
Has the rope been exposed to shock loads?
How should a pike pole be hoisted?
In a vertical position with the head at the top
From which end of the rope can a clove hitch
accept tension without coming untied?
From either end
What is formed by reversing the direction of a
rope to form a “U” bend with two parallel ends?
A bight
When considering the various types of
ventilation, the easiest type to use is:
doors
Do HVAC systems help or hinder in ventilation
operations?
It depends on the system
Which type of tool is a pick-head axe?
A cutting tool
What purpose do the hooks of a roof ladder
serve?
They secure the tip of the ladder to the peak of a pitched roof.
What is the danger if the butt of a ladder is
placed too close to the side of the building and
people climb it?
The tip could pull away from the wall
What is the term for a metal bar that runs from
one beam of a wooden ladder to the other to
keep the beams from separating?
tie rod
A kerf cut is a:
cut only as wide as the saw blade used for inspection.
What do all three fire fighters do during the
raise of a ladder when it nears chest height for
the three-fire fighter flat shoulder carry?
Pivot into the ladder
How high on a typical two-story building can a
24’ – 28’ ladder reach?
The roof
What effect does the water discharged from an
automatic sprinkler system have on smoke?
Produces a cold smoke similar to fog
From which end of the rope can a clove hitch
accept tension without becoming untied?
Either end
Knots that wrap around objects are:
Hitches
Natural fiber ropes are created using which
type of construction?
Twisted
The minimum breaking strength of general use
life safety rope is approximately:
9000 lbf (40kN)
What is formed by reversing the direction of a
rope to form a "U" bend with two parallel ends?
Bight
What is the term for preparing a knot by
tightening it and removing twists, kinks, and
slack from the rope?
Dressing
What is a common synthetic fiber used for life
safety rope?
Polyester
Which is a common cause of deterioration in
natural fiber ropes?
Mildew
What is one advantage of tubular webbing over
flat webbing?
Easier to work with
Which is formed by making a loop in a rope and
then bringing the two ends of the rope parallel
to each other?
Round turn
What must be done prior to making forcible
entry into a fire building?
The fire attack team must be ready
What should be done after a self-closing door is
forced?
Chock the door in the open position
When forcible entry is used, what should fire
fighters do before leaving the scene?
Take steps to secure the building
Where are the hinges placed on casement
windows?
Side
Where should a fire fighter stand when
breaking windows?
Windward side of the window with the hands above the break
Which circular blade is susceptible to damage
from gasoline vapors?
Masonry
What is one type of wood door frame?
Stopped
What are the four major door locks?
Padlocks
Deadbolts
Knob locks
Levers
What is the most common type of fixed lock in
use today?
Cylindrical
Which part of a door lock catches and holds the
door frame?
Latching device
Which tool can be used to unscrew a lock
cylinder?
Vise grips
How many points of contact should a fire
fighter maintain with the ladder when
dismounting a ladder onto a roof?
Three
In general, what is the maximum reach for a 28
ft ladder?
The second story roof
Overextension of the fly section of an extension
ladder is prevented by the:
Stops
The top and bottom rails of a trussed beam are
joined by:
Truss blocks
What is the approximate floor-to-floor height of
a commercial structure?
10-12 ft
What is the approximate floor-to-windowsill
height of a residential structure?
3 feet
What is the maximum length of a straight or
roof ladder that can be carried safely by one
fire fighter?
18 ft
What is the most likely consequence if the butt
of a ladder is placed to close to the side of the
building?
The tip will pull away from the wall
What should be done with the excess halyard
once an extension ladder is placed and
extended?
Wrap it around the rungs of the ladder
When lifting a ladder from the ground into the
carrying position during the three-fire-fighter
flat-shoulder carry, all three fire fighters
should:
Pivot during the lift
When assisting a conscious victim down a
ladder, how can the rescuer maintain control of
the victims descent?
Squeeze the victim against the ladder
When lowering an unconscious victim down a
ladder, what is the position of the victim?
Upright with back toward the ladder
When rescuing a conscious person from a
ladder, where is the second fire fighter
positioned?
A couple rungs below the ladder tip
When using a webbing sling drag, what helps
support the victims head and neck?
The webbing sling
Which area is the second search priority?
Directly above the fire
Which carry requires two rescuers?
Extremities
Which carry works best for children and small
adults?
Cradle-in-arms
Positive-pressure ventilation is least suitable in
which situation?
Fire in structural void spaces
Recirculation is associated with which form of
ventilation?
Negative-pressure
What is a characteristic of bowstring trusses?
Prone to sudden collapse in fire conditions
What is the phenomenon in which smoke hangs
low to the ground on a calm, cool, damp day?
Smoke inversion
What is the preferred method to ventilate a
large building?
Indiviual ventilation of interior compartments
What must be done before begginning
ventilation?
An attack crew must be ready to advance the hose line
When making louver cuts, what is used as a
fulcrum to make the louvered openings?
Roof support
Which action should be avoided when
performing horizontal natural ventilation?
Opening upwind windows first
Which condition will most likely cause smoke to
stratify in a large building?
Sprinkler system activation
Which effect is caused by temperature
differrences inside and outside a building?
Stack effect
Which form of ventilation is best for potential
backdraft conditions?
Vertical
Which hazard is of particular concern in a
basement fire?
Failure of the floor system above the fire
Which is indicated by slow moving smoke?
Cooler smoke
Ladders consisting of a single section are
straight ladders
NFPA standards require that a pumper be
equipped with at least three ladders
When placed at the correct angle for climbing,
the ration of the ladders vertical reach to
distance of the butt from the structure is four
to one
Module 4 midterm
Module 4 test prep
A 50 foot section of charged 2 1/2 hose weighs
approximately:
140 lbs
During annual testing, attack hose is tested at
what pressure?
300 psi
During annual testing, supply hose is tested at
this pressure
200 psi
How does a doughnut hose roll differ from a
straight hose roll?
Both couplings are on the outside
In general, what volume does a 2 1/2" handline
flow?
250 gpm
Master streams flow a minimum of what gpm?
350 gpm
Most smooth-bore nozzles are designed to
operate at which pressure?
50 psi
Traditionally, most fog nozzles were deseigned
to operate at which nozzle pressure?
100 psi
What makes a water thief different from a wye
is the addition of:
a 2 1/2" outlet
Generally speaking, how many gallons per
minute does a 2 1/2" fire hose line flow
250 gpm
What is a typical number of feet of supply hose
for a fire engine to carry?
800-1250
Which can be used to aid in the coupling and
uncoupling hose?
Rocker lugs
Which type of nozzle is used to fight fires in
places such as attics and basements?
Cellar nozzle
A jet siphon is used for what?
Transferring water between portable tanks
In western US where aircraft are used to fight
wildland fires, which term is used for
automotive water supply apparatus?
Tender
On a wet-barrel hydrant, where is the valve
located?
On each outlet
The pressure remaining in a water distribution
system when water is flowing is what pressure?
Residual pressure
Where is the main valve located in a dry-barrel
hydrant?
Below the frost line
Which is the NFPA color code for a hydrant
flowing 1000 to 1499 gpm
Green
Which is the NFPA color code for a hydrant
flowing 1500 gpm
Light blue
Which NFPA color code for a hydrant flowing
500 to 999 gpm
Orange
Which is the NFPA color code for a hydrant less
than 500 gpm
Red
Which is the term for the middle-size water
main in a municiple water distribution system?
Secondary feeder
Which pressure measurement provides the best
indicator of how much more water is available
in the system?
Residual
Which pressure must be measured to calculate
the quanity of water flowing through a hydrant
discharge?
Residual
A soft sleeve hose is used to connect a pumper
to a:
Pressurized water source
A split hose bed with the end of the hose on
one side of the bed coupled to the beginning of
the hose on the other side of the bed is a _______
hose load
combination
Pumpers should generally supply sprinkler
systems at what psi?
150 psi
The end of the hose bed closest to the
apparatus cab is the:
front
When charging a supply line at a hydrant, the
fire fighter should:
Avoid standing between the hose line and the hydrant
Where in a pumper is the trash line most
commonly found?
Front bumper
Which attack line often uses hoses of various
diameters?
Wyed lines
Which hose lay is performed by two engine
companies when a hose must be laid in two
different directions to establish a water supply?
Split hose lay
Which hose load has the hose up on its edge
and laid side-to-side in the hose bed?
Accordion
Which hose load has the hose up on its egde
and placed around the perimeter of the hose
bed in a U shape?
Horseshoe
Which hydrant valve makes it possible to
immediately charge a supply hose using
hydrant pressure, while allowing a second
engine to connect to the valve and use its
pump to increase pressure?
Four-way valve
Which size hose can a flat load use?
Any size
What is a feature of the triple-layer hose load?
It is suitable for companies with minimal personnel
What is a feature of transverse beds?
Hose can be pulled from either side of the pumper
What is an advantage of the accordion hose
load?
It makes hose easy to carry
A portable monitor is an example of:
Master stream devices
A vehicle fueled by compressed gas is fully
involced in fire. What should be used to fight
the fire?
Unmanned master stream
Application of fire stream to solar panels should
be done from a distance of no less than:
20 ft
Attic fires should generally be treated as:
vent-limited
How should firefighters approach a vehicle fire?
45-degree angle from the side
Ideally, what should be used to extinguish a
chimney fire?
Dry chemical
In a direct attack, water should be applied
until:
All visible flame is extinguished
In modern residential constructino, fresh air
enters the attic space through which vent?
Soffit
Peeling or bubbling paint is an indicator of:
Concealed fire
Preventing the spread of fire is the primary
objective of whic fire attack?
Defensive
A standard approach to risk-benefit analysis
should be incorporated into an agency's:
Standard operating procedures
A temporary location that provides refuge while
awaiting rescue or finding a method of selfrescue from a hazardous situation is a:
safe location
What is the most critical question to answer
when a RIC team finds a firefighter?
How quickly can the victim be moved to safety?
Depositing a companies personnel
accountability roster with the entry officer or
command post indicates that the company:
is inside the hazard area
During a two person rescue of a downed
firefighter, where does the first firefighter grab
the victim?
SCBA shoulder straps
How many ways are there to use the lowpressure hose on the rapid intervention pack to
supply air to a downed fire fighter?
Three
If a firefighter becomes disoriented, how can
the hose line be used to assist in egress?
Place both hands on a coupling; travel in the direction of the hand holding the
male coupling
In the context of fire fighter survival, what is a
safe location?
A location that is less hazardous than the alternatives
The board to which fire fighter personnel
accountability tags are attached is sometimes
referred to as:
a passport
The essential reason that team efforts are
imperative in the fire service is because of the:
intense physical labor involved in firefighting operations
Tracking every company working at an incident
from the time they arrive until they are
released os a function of what system?
personnel accountability
Under actual firefighting conditions, an SCBA
cylinder rated for 45 minutes can be
realistically expected to last approxumately
______ minutes
20-25
What does the "R" stand for in PAR?
Report
What does the "P" stand for in PAR?
Personnel
What does the "A" stand for in PAR?
Accountability
Small handlines are those up to ____ inches in
diameter
2
Under which circumstances can one fire fighter
control a large handline?
When it is well-anchored
What can be used to aid in extinguishment of
smoldering fires in tightly packed combustivle
materials, piles, or trash containers?
Class A foam
Who can assist fire fighters on a fire in a
transformer vault?
Utility company
Which type of nozzle moves more air and is
more likely to disrupt the thermal balance?
Fog nozzle
Which strategy is often used in lumberyard
fires?
Defensive
A blitz attack is an:
offensive use of a master stream
Recent research has found taht the traditional
tactic of pushing down the interior stairs to
attack a basement fire:
is no longer considered a safe and effective option
What is an acceptable method of extinguishing
a dumpster fire?
Filling the dumpster with water from a deck gun
What needs to happen when the gas or
electrical service to a structure is turned off for
firefighting operations?
Apply lock-out tag
Which cancer causing material do transformers
contain?
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)
What is the minimum size hose line that should
be used in a vehicle fire?
1 1/2 inch
In which types of operations are master stream
devices used?
Typically defensive but occasionally offensive
Which area of a vehicle fire should be extinguished first?
Passenger compartment
Why is it necessary to limit how low an
elevation angle a portable monitor device can
be set to?
If set too low, the reactionary force would make the monitor unstable
In a direct fire attack, water should be applied
until:
Flame is no longer visible
What is it called when two groups of
firefighters are operating hose lines "against"
each other
Opposing hose lines
What hazards do batteries present to fire
fighters?
Sulfuric acid
What would describe the apperance of a solid
stream?
A continuous column of water
What is the largest flow in gallons per minute
that a master stream device can generate?
2000 or more
A combination attack uses:
both an indirect attack and direct attack method
An indirect attack typically uses a straight or
solid stream flowing ____ gpm
120-180 gpm
What is the first step in conducting overhaul of
a vehicle after a fire is extinguished?
Chock the wheels
How much water can large handlines flow, in
gallons per minute?
250 or more
Which of the following is a hazard of an
alternative fuel fire?
High-voltage cables
Unlike single-level structures, when fighting
fires on multi-level structtures, it is important
for fire fighters to:
Protect stairways and vertical openings between floors.
What should company officers do if there is a
change in the balance of risk to benefit in their
perspective during an incident?
Report their observations and recommendations to the IC
Which piece of equipment can be used to
rapidly fill a downed fire fighters SCBA cylinder
under emergency conditions?
UAC
A portable air supply for use in rescuing a fire
fighter that has rin out of air is called a
Rapid intervention pack
Which is the OSHA standard that mandates the
use of backup teams when operating in IDLH
atmospheres?
1910.134
A RIC SOP should dictate
when a RIC is required
Which phrase is used to indicate an imminent
fire-ground hazard?
Emergency traffic
A good way to determine the personal air usage
rate is through
participation in an SCBA consumption rate exercise
When performing an escape through a wall,
what action may be necessary in order to be
succesful?
Removal of SCBA backpack
To verify the status of company members,
which kind of contact musst the company
officer maintain with them?
Visual or physical
A rapid intervention crew can perform:
Other fire-ground duties, as long as they are readily available for rapid
intervention.
A dry hydrant provides access to a:
Static water source
How close must a fire engine get to a static
water source to draft?
20 ft
How many gallons per minute can a tanker
shuttle operation deliver without interruption?
Several hundred
Pressure in a water distribution system during
average consumption is:
Normal operating
What is the maximum capacity of typical
portable water tanks?
5000 gal
What is the realistic minimum usable residual
pressure from a water distribution system for
firefighting operations?
20 psi
What is a function of the hose liner?
Reduce friction loss
When using a standpipe connection in a
stairwell, how should the hose be arranged?
Up the stairwell toward the floor above the fire
Which attack line load is particularly useful
when the line must be advanced up a stairway?
Minuteman
How should the hose be when operating an
attack line from a ground ladder?
THe hose should be secured to the ladder
What is the procedure for deploying a triplelayer load preconnect?
Place the nozzle and the top fold over the shoulder and walk away from the
apparatus
During an indirect attack, you should flow the
water until:
The room begins to darken
What are the first two types of fire suppression
operations?
Offensive and defensive
When is an indirect attack indicated?
When flashover is lilkely
A personnel accountability report is commonly
performed when:
Upon occurrence of an unplanned event
What is the most basic method for staying
oriented inside a low-visibility enviornment?
Staying in contact with the hose line
A pitot gauge is used to calculate:
Volume of flowing water
Fire hydrants should be inspected at least
every ___ months
12
How can you determine that a dry-barrel
hydrant is still draining?
Place a hand over an outlet and feel for suction
The NFPA recommenfs color-coding hydrants to
indicate:
Available flow
The pipes that deliver water to users and
hydrants on indiviual streets are:
Distributors
What is the term for the large discharge
opening on a fire hydrant?
Steamer
When there is extra hose at the entry of a
building, how should that hose be arranged?
A serpentine pattern
Which attack line load is particularly useful
when there is a long distance between the
engine and the fire?
Wyed lines
Which preconnected hose load forms an Sshape in the hose bed?
Triple layer
What is a true statement concerning the triplelayer load?
The entire load must be on the ground before the nozzle can be advanced
What does the S stand for in SLICE-RS?
Size up
What does the L stand for in SLICE-RS?
Locate the fire
What does the I stand for in SLICE-RS?
Identify and control the flow path
What does the C stand for in SLICE-RS?
Cool the space from the safest location
What does the E stand for in SLICE-RS?
Extinguish the fire
What does the R stand for in SLICE-RS?
Rescue
What does the second S stand for in SLICE-RS?
Salvage
What is the maximum diameter of a small
handline?
2"
What is the most important reason for team
integrity in firefighting operatinos?
Safety of personnel
Which action is correct for a fire in a building
that is known to be abandoned and
unoccupied?
Stay outside and fight the fire from the exterior
You are alone in zero-visibility conditions and
unable to find an exit. Which action should you
take first?
Declare a mayday
You are alone in zero-visibility conditions and
unable to find an exit. Which action should you
take last?
Attempt a self rescue
Which term best describes how much risk is
acceptable in attempting to protect and rescue
savable lives?
Measured
Generally speaking, a 1 1/2 attack hose can
flow 60 to 125 gpm
Generally speaking, a 1 3/4 attack hose can
flow 120 to 180 gpm
Generally speaking, a 1" attack hose can flow
40 to 50 gpm
Hard rubber hose stored on a hose reel is
booster hose
In general, mobile water supply apparatus carry
1000 to 3500 gallons of water
Swivel gasket
Most master stream devices flow 350 to 1500
gpm
Module 5 midterm
Module 5 test prep
Operating a PIV handle is similar to operating:
A hydrant wrench
During salvage, what should be done with any
pictures on the walls?
They should be removed and placed with the furniture
What is the most common method of protecting
buildings contents in salvage?
Covering them with salvage covers
Where are post-indicator valves normally
located?
Outside the building
If a nozzle must be left partly open in a
structure to prevent freezong on cold
temperatures, which technique can help reduce
water damage to the structure?
Direct the flow out a window
Which indicator shows that a PIV is closed?
The visual indicator will read "shut"
Why should lighting be used on the fire scene?
It improves efficiency and safety.
What should be done with smoldering
mattresses to extinguish them during overhaul?
They should be removed outside then soaked.
What can be used to support a water chute
constructed with pike poles?
A stepladder
Salvage operations include tasks such as
expelling smoke, controlling water runoff,
covering ventilation openings
Covering ventilation openings
Which method can be used to fix a small tear in
a salvage cover?
Duct tape
What is the term for the type of light that
projects a diffuse light over a wide area?
Flood
What is the only method to determine there are
no hidden fires in a building of ordinary
construction?
Open up the wall
What is the function of junction boxes on the
fire scene?
They function as mobile power outlets
What is one limitation of backpack water
vacuums?
They cannot be worn with SCBA
Which potential hazard is indicated by pitched
or sagging doors during overhaul?
Structural collapse
What will happen to the flow of water from
activated sprinkler heads once the sprinkler
control valve is turned off?
Water will continue to drain for several minutes
What is one overhaul concern if the attic
insulation is blown-in cellulose?
That material can smolder for a long time
What is the term used to describe the process
of finding and exposing any smoldering or
hidden pockets of fire?
Overhaul
What is the best way to prevent water damage
at a fire scene?
Limit the amount of water used to fight the fire
The lighting and power equipment used on an
emergency scene generally operate at:
110-volt AC
How are sprinkler control valves usually locked
in the open position?
With a chain and padlock
How difficult is the overhaul effort on a roofover situation, that is, where one roof has been
overlaid upon an existing one, and fire has
found its way into the void space between the
two of them?
It is very difficult
Which size hose line is usually adequate for
overhaul operations?
1 1/2" or 1 3/4"
Where do salvage crews usually begin?
On the floor below the fire floor
For which application might it be preferable to
use long rolls of construction-grade
polyethylene film instead of salvage covers?
A long retail display counter
What is a limitation of gas-powered portable
pumps?
Carbon monoxide
What is one technique that can be used by a
single fire fighter to spread a salvage cover?
A shoulder toss
When should operating sprinklers at a fire be
shut down?
As soon as the IC declares that a fire is under control
What is the danger of materials such as bolts of
cloths or bales of rags?
They can absorb large amounts of water
What is the name of the device that interrupts
the current when there is a problem with an
electrical ground?
GFI
An activated sprinkler head must be replaced
with one of the same design, size, and:
Temperature rating
If the stem of an OS&Y valve is protruding,
what does this indicate?
The valve is open
How much does a gallon of water weigh, in
pounds?
8.3
When using an axe to open a wall, which type
of cut should be made?
Vertical
What is one of the most common technologies
used in post-fire air monitoring and detections
devices?
Electrochemical sensors
When thrusting a pike pole tip up through a
ceiling to pull it, which way should the hook on
the tip face?
Away from the fire fighter
Which way does the wheel on an OS&Y valve
turn to close the valve?
Clockwise
What should firefighters do if, during overhaul,
they observe something suspicious, particularly
something suggestive of arson?
Stop operations until investigators can examine what they found
Overhaul can only begin when a certain
benchmark has been reached. What is this
benchmark?
The fire is under control
Where are outside stem and yokes normally
located?
Inside a mechanical room
What should firefighters take with them if sent
to shut off a main sprinkler control valve
without the necessary key?
Bolt cutters
How should objects that can be safely picked
up be extinguished during overhaul?
They should be placed in a bathtub or bucket filled with water
To pull down a ceiling, how should firefighters
position themselves?
With their backs toward a door
When overhaul crews are moving appliances,
what should they note, if anything, that might
help investigators?
Wheter they were plugged in and/or turned on
During overhaul, what should be available to
douse any hot spots or flare-ups that occur?
A charged hose line
Ideally, when, relative to the overhaul process,
should fire investigators begin their work at a
fire scene?
Before overhaul starts
How, if at all, is humidity related to evaporative
cooling?
High humidity reduces evaporative cooling
Whose responsibility is it to request rehab
services?
Each indiviual firefighter
When does the rest phase begin for firefighters
arriving at rehab?
As soon as they arrive in rehab
Once a firefighter loses an initial two quarts of
water, how long will the body require to
recover?
One to two hours
What happens to the body's tendency to sweat
inside PPE during cold weather?
Nothing; it does sweat, creating damp clothing in cold weather
What is one cause of bloating?
Drinking too much too quickly
What are electrolytes?
Certain salts and other chemicals dissolved in body fluids
How, if at all, is rehab related to the overall
emergency effort?
It is part of the process of overall emergency effort
During firefighting activity, in approximately
which time frame can a firefighter lose 2 quarts
of fluid?
In the time it takes to go through two cylinders of air
What is the eventual outcome of untreated
dehydration?
Shock, then death
What is the result if blood sugar levels drop too
low in the body?
The body becomes weak and shaky
If evaporative cooling is reduced, say by
humidity, which effect, if any, does this have on
firefighting?
It makes it more difficult for the body to regulate its internal temperature
What is one aspect of a hazardous materials
incident that adds to the physical exertion
required of firefighters?
The staging area site may be considerable distance from the scene.
Studies have shown that wildland firefighters
require how many calories per day?
5000-6000
On which types of fires was rehabilitation first
used extensively?
Wildland fires
What relationship, if any, existst between being
tired and/or dehydrated, and their risk of injury
or collapse?
Their risk of both increases as they become tired and/or dehydrated
How much can PPE weigh?
Forty pounds or more
Up to how much fluid can firefighters lose in an
hour of action?
One quart
Will it be necessary to implement all the
components of a rehab center for every
incident?
No, some minor incidents may require only part of the whole process
Which type of carbs are in whole-grain breads,
whole-grain pasta, rice, and vegetables?
Complex
Which type of cooling is being performed when
a firefighter removes PPE and enters a cooler
enviornment?
Passive
What is the only fuel that the body can readily
use during high-intensity physical activities
such as firefighting?
Carbohydrates
How reliable is the sensation of thirst as an
indicator of body dehydration?
Not reliable; it does not begin to signal until the body is already dehydrated
Once rested, rehydrated, refueled, and
rechecked in rehab, what should become of fire
fighters?
They should be released for reassignment
What is another term for proteins?
Amino acids
How much of a fire fighters body heat does PPE
allow to be transferred outside of the
protective envelope?
Almost none of it
Dehydration is a state in which:
Fluid losses are greater than fluid intake
At which types of incidents should the concept
of rehab be addressed?
At all types of incidents
Where do saturated fats mostly come from?
Animal products
Which normal body cooling mechanism is lost
when wearing PPE?
Evaporation of perspiration
At what wind chill factor does the United States
Fire Administration recommend establishing a
rehabilitation operation?
10ºF
What is one type of incident other than a fire
that might impose a tremendous energy drain
on fire fighters?
Hazardous materials incident requiring fully encapsulating suits
During extended incidents, which type of
nourishment should fire fighters have?
A relatively complete meal
What is one tactic a fire department might
adopt to help reduce the load on firefighters at
a high rise?
Assign three companies to do the work normally assigned to one
What happens if the blood glucose level is too
high?
The body becomes sluggish
Why does PPE prevent the perspiration of fire
fighters from evaporating?
PPE acts as a vapor barrier
Which type of cooling is being performed when
something cool is placed on the fire fighter
such as cool wet rags?
Active
What is the primary goal of rehabilitation?
Restoring normal body temperature
Which action must be performed before
beginning the seven part rehab process?
Field reduction of contaminants
Which is one of the two factors used to
determine the heat stress index?
Relative humidity
A threaded stem indicates the valve position on
which sprinkler control valve?
Outside stem and yoke (OS&Y)
Which level of PPE should be worn during
overhaul?
Full PPE with SCBA
A grounding rod is most likely to be found on
what?
Portable generator
Ideally, when should salvage operations begin?
Concurrently with fire attack
In general, when should a sprinkler system be
shut down?
When the fire is completely extinguished
The first portable light should be set up where?
At the entry point into the structure
What does an electrochemical sensor use to
detect a substance?
Reagent
What is a common salvage operation?
Covering vent openings
When is it permissible for firefighters to wear
partial PPE during salvage operations?
In areas remote from the hazard area
Which is a common use of a crowbar during
overhaul operations?
Removal of window and door casings
What is another term for surface fuels?
Ground fuels
Where is a direct attack on a wildland fire
mounted?
On its burning edge
Which type of fuel is usually the main type of
fuel present in ground cover fires?
Fine
The three types of factors that can ignite
wildland fires are:
Natural, accidental, and intentional
What is the most common type of wildland fire
encountered by some departments?
Ground cover
How are vegetative fuels classified?
By their location
What can be used on a wildland or ground
cover fire to absorb the fires heat and break
down, cooling the fuel?
Compressed-air foam system
Which NFPA standard covers protective clothing
and equipment for wildland firefighting?
1977
What is another word of aerial fuels?
Canopy fuels
Which type of fuel is ground duff?
Fine
Surface fuels are involved in which type of fire?
Ground cover
When deploying a fire shelter, which direction
should the fire fighters feet be facing?
Towards the fire
What is the term used to describe development
occuring in wildland areas where undeveloped
land with vegetative fuels is mixed with human
made structures?
Wildland-urban interface
How hard is it to locate and extinguish burning
subsurface fuels?
Hard and hard
How many gallons of water do most backpack
pump extinguishers hold?
4-8 gallons
If _____ or more of the situations listed in the
"Eighteen Watch Out Situations" outlined in the
Incident Response Pocket Guide are
encountered, the fire fighter should
reconsidered engaging in the assignment.
Five
Do fires spread more quickly in fine fuels or in
heavy timber and brush?
Fires spread more quickly in fine fuels
If a wildland or ground cover fire is too
dangerous for a direct attack, which type of fire
attack should be used?
Indirect
Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of
water vapor present in the air compared to:
The maximum amount the air can hold at a given temperature
How high up do fuels have to be to considered
aerial fuels?
More than six feet
What is the term for the partly decomposed
organic material on a forest floor?
Ground duff
What happens to relative humidity as the
termperature cools off toward evening?
It goes up
For which type of fire is vegetation the primary
fuel?
Both wildland and ground
What, if anything, happens to the relative
humidity as the temperature warms up during
the day?
It goes down
One of the two primart methods for a direct
attack on a wildland fire is the flanking attack,
what is another?
The pinch attack
Are fine fuels or heavy fuels affected more by
changes in relative humidity?
Fine fuels are affected more
Which kind of surface area do fine fuels have
relative to their volume?
Large
What is the NFPA standard for Wildland Fire
Fighter Professional Qualifications?
1051
What is the term for the quanity of fuel
available in a specific area?
Fuel volume
What is slash?
Leftovers from logging or clearing operations
Which method of fire extinguishment is most
commonly used during overhaul of wildland and
ground cover fires?
Smothering
What are the two weather conditions that most
influence wildland fires?
Moisture and wind
A Pulaski axe combines an axe with another
tool, what is the other tool?
An adze
What is dry lightning?
A lightning strike without rain
A safety zone should be large enough:
That fire shelters are not needed to prevent injury
The location near the area of orgin of a
wildland fire began is the:
heel
The maximum diameter of a fine fuel is:
1/4"
What does the L stand for in LCES
Lookout(s)
What does the C stand for in LCES
Communication(s)
What does the E stand for in LCES
Escape routes
What does the S stand for in LCES
Safety zones
What is a charcteristic of fine fuels?
Large surface area relative to volume
What is one of the two primary methods of
direct attack on wildland fire?
Pinch
What is the area between the fingers of a
wildland fire?
Pocket
During salvage operations, rolls of polyethylene
film are particularly useful in protecting:
Long surfaces
Which items are best overhauled outside the
structure?
Furniture
At which incidents should a rehab center be
established?
High-intensity/Long-duration incidents
What does SAID principle apply too?
Training methods
What does SAID stand for?
Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands
Which characteristic is used to classify wildland
fuels?
Diameter
Is grass a fine fuel?
Yes
Why do compact fuels burn slowly?
Air cannot circulate as freely
If indiviual sprinkler heads cannot be shut off,
what should be done to stop the flow of water?
Close the sprinkler control valve
What is a combination hoe and rake tool called?
A McLeod tool
Why do compact fuels burn slower than less
compact fuels?
Oxygen and heat cannot circulate as freely around the more compact fuels
What is the term for the location where a
wildland or ground fure begins?
Area of orgin
Which type of fuel is ground duff?
Fine
What can be used to quickly make a water
chute?
A salvage cover
Which way does the wheel on an OS&Y valve
turn to close the valve?
Clockwise
For which type of fire is vegetation the primary
fuel?
Both wildland and ground
Which areas of a wall are usually opened first,
during overhaul?
The most heavily damaged areas
Once a fire fighter loses an initial two quarts of
water, how long will the body require to
recover?
One to two hours
Which type of fuel includes large brush, heavy
timber, stumps, branches, and dead timber on
the ground?
Heavy
What is the most common type of wildland fire
encountered by some departments?
Ground cover
Surface fuels are involved in which type of fire?
Ground cover
What is another term for surface fuels?
Ground fuels
What is another term for surface fuels?
Ground fuels
What is another term for surface fuels?
Ground fuels
According to the USFA, what is the minimum
rest time following depletion of one 30-minute
air cylinder?
10 minutes
Hypothermia is defined as body temperature
less than:
95 F
The human body runs on:
Glucose
In the time it takes to consume two SCBA air
cylinders, enough body fluid can be lost to
result in:
Impaired temperature regulation
Localized tissue damage resulting from
prolonged exposure to cold is called:
Frostbite
Rehab should take place in a climate-controlled
location if the outside temperature is ______ or
lower
68 F
A fire cannot be considered fully extinguished
untill overhaul is complete
A common saying in the fire service is to, “Take
care of yourself first , take care of the rest of
your team second , and take care of the people
involved in the incident third .” What are the
fill-in words, in order?
Glucose helps to burn fat efficiently and release
energy
Fire fighters wearing fully encapsulated suits
must be carefully monitored for symptoms of
heat stress
Two quarts of fluid equals roughly two percent
of a 200-lb fire fighters body weight. Loss of
that much body fluid can result in the
impairment of temperature regulation
Salvage operations include tasks such as
expelling smoke , c ontrolling water runoff , and
covering ventilation openings
The body's ability to absorb the fluid is limited
to approximately 1 quart per hour.
With 5 percent body weight loss due to
dehydration, work capacity can be decreased
by as much as 30 percent
The output range for portable lights is
generally 300-1500 watts
The NFPA defines wildland fires as unplanned
and uncontrolled fires burning in vegetative
fuel
As a basic guideline, the distance between
firefighters in a safety zone and the flames
should be a minimum of four times the flame
height
The quanity of wildland fuel available in a
specific area is fuel volume
Typical backpack fire extinguishers contain 5
gallons of water
According to the NFPA, rehab should be
required after 40 minutes of intense work
without SCBA
According to the USFA, self-rehab should be
required after a fire fighter has consumed two
30-minute SCBA bottles
Module 6
What is an IAP?
Incident Action Plan
When do you have an incident action plan?
Always
Which ICS section is responsible for debeloping
the IAP?
Planning
Which NFPA standard is titled Standard on
Emergency Services Incident Management
System and Command Safety?
1561
Where does the safety officer position occur in
the ICS?
As part of the command staff
Which organization developed the first
standard incident command system?
FIRESCOPE
When using the acronym S.L.I.C.E.R.S., the “C”
represents:
Cool
Which type of foam is formulated so polar
solvents do not dissolve the foam?
Alcohol-resistant foam
Can windshields be broken with a spring-loaded
center punch?
No; they cannot be broken with this tool.
What is the second of the four functions
associated with gaining access and
disentangling the victim, in the context of
vehicle extrication?
Bend, distort, or displace
What is the ICS organizational title for a
member of the general staff
Chief
The most important part of any rescue is the
identification of any hazards and:
Determining whether to make a recovery or a rescue.
What is the NFPA standard for Active Shooter
Event Response?
NFPA 3000
Which of the following is the NFPA standard on
operations and training for technical search
and rescue incidents?
1670
What is the NFPA code for an active shooter?
NFPA 3000
What is one advantage of unified command?
Reduced conflict and duplication of effort
What is a primary factor to take into account
when selecting personnel to fill a position
within the ICS?
Qualification
A foam blanket disrupts what components of
the fire tetrahedron?
Oxygen, fuel, and heat
At a structure fire, a continuous water supply is
unavailable. Which type of operation is
appropriate?
Defensive
Which action should be taken if rapidly
deteriorating smoke, fire, or heat conditions
become evident during interior operations?
Withdraw from the structure
What is one indicator of impending building
collapse?
Sudden increase in the intensity of the fire from the roof opening
Which is the minimum temperature at which
liquid produces an ignitable vapor?
Flash point
What is the term for short lengths of sturdy
timber used to vertically stabilize a vehicle?
Cribbing
What is the correct tool for removing a
windshield?
Axe
What is an attribute of low-pressure rescue-lift
air bags?
Lightweight construction
How does exposure to liquified petroleum gas
affect the body?
The gas is a neurological toxin
As an incident progresses, what is an additional
factor to be evaluated in the ongoing size-up?
The effectiveness of the initial plan
If there is no officer on the first-arriving unit,
who assumes initial command?
A fire fighter
The modular organization of the ICS gives it the
ability to:
Expand to the extent needed to manage the incident
NIMS was developed by who?
US department of homeland security
Compared to wet foam, dry foam provides:
Longer-lasting foam
Fire hose should be tested at least:
Annually
The NFPA code for fire hose testing:
1962
What is high-expansion foam usually used for?
Flooding of large enclosed areas
What is the best item to aid extinguishment of
smoldering fires in tightly packeed combustible
materials?
Class A foam
A roll-over protection system is most likely to
be found in which type of vehicle?
Convertible
Body-over-frame construction is most likely
going to be on which type of vehicle?
Pickup truck
Compared to a dash lift, the dash roll offers
which advantage?
May be accomplished quicker
Enhanced protective glass (EPG) is what type of
glass?
Laminated
What does how long the airbags stay energized
for in a car depend on?
It depends on the manufacturer
In which types of incidents should an
accountability system be established?
All incidents
What control zone are vehicles staged in?
Cold
What is the first step you should take when
responding to an elevator incident?
Cut power to the malfuctioning elevator
What is the term for the area that immediately
surrounds the hazard?
Hot zone
What does SLICE-RS stand for?
S - Size up
L - Locate the fire
I - Identify and control the flow path
C - Cool the space from the safest location
E - Extinguish the fire
R - Rescue
S - Salvage
What does RECEO VS stand for?
R - Rescue
E - Exposures
C - Confinement
E - Extinguishment
O - Overhaul
V - Ventilation
S - Salvage
What foam application method is best for an
open top stoarge tank fire?
Bounce-off
What is the best method to extinguish a fire
caused by an LPG regulator or pipe failure?
Close the main discharge valve on the cylinder
What does LPG stand for?
Liquified petroleum gas
Which is the objective of the first phase of a
transitional fire attack?
Reduce interior temperatures
What is the subject of SLICERS?
Selection of strategic objectives
What is an advantage of compressed air foam?
Adheres to most surfaces
What action should be taken first in a dash
displacement?
Remove the front doors
When operating at an MVA when is it not
permissible to wear a high-visibility vest?
While fighting fire
Where should hydraulic spreader tips be placed
when seperating a door from a vehicle on the
hinge side?
Above the top hinge
Equipment is staged in what zone?
Cold zone
What is an awareness-level technical rescue
skill?
Recognize hazards
Which type of foam proportioner relies on the
venturi effect?
Eductor
What is the final stage of the extrication
process?
Securing the scene
What is the term for the area that immediately
surrounds the hazard?
Hot zone
Which is a hazardous materials operations-level
skill?
Analyze the magnitude of an incident
How does exposure to natural gas affect the
body?
Natural gas acts as an asphyxiant
Which is the most common method of
demarcating the control zones for an
emergency incident site?
Barrier tape
Key components of an incident management
system include planning , supervision , and
communications
The purpose of the disentangling step of
vehicle extrication is to remove those parts of
the vehicle that are trapping the victim.
There are 10 basic steps in performing special
rescues in a safe, effective, and efficient
manner.
A burning liquid that is pouring over the edge
of a container is known as a three-dimensional
fire
Low-expansion foam has an expansion ratio of
between 2 to 1 and 20 to 1
Medium expansion foam has an expnasion ratio
between 20 to 1 and 200 to 1
High expansion foam has a ratio above 200 to 1
A class 3 harness is a full-body harness for use
by rescuers
S - Size up
L - Locate the fire
I - Identify/control flow path
C - Cool space from safest location
E - Extinguish the fire
R - Rescue
S - Salvage
R - Rescue
E - Exposures
C - Confinement
E - Extinguishment
O - Overhaul
V - Ventilation
S - Salvage
Module 7
Are ionization or photoelectric detectors more
responsive?
?
What is a protected premises fire alarm
system?
The fire alarm only goes off in the building, no one is notified, local only.
What is a Public emergency alarm reporting
system?
Sends signal directly to fire department when activated
What is a proprietary supervising alarm
system?
Signal needs to be confirmed by a buillding monitor/security member
What is a central station alarm?
Signal needs to be confirmed by a 3rd party off-site person
What does a deluge system do differently?
If one head goes off they all go off
What do PIV's do?
Show if water is in the riser
What is a PIV?
Post indicator valve
What is a OS&Y?
Outside stem & yoke
What is class 1 standpipe?
A Fire department connection
What is class 2 standpipe?
A standpipe with hose in it for residents to use
What is class 3 standpipe?
A combination of a class 1 and class 2 standpipe
What is it called when class K foam goes into
the fire?
Saponification
If not listed othherwise, what pressure should
you pump into a FDC?
150 PSI
What is the longest that certain modern smoke
alarm lithium batteries can last?
Ten years
To replace a sprinkler head, what is the next
step after the main valve is closed?
Open drain valve
In dry-pipe and deluge sprinkler systems, the
main valve functions both as an alarm valve
and also as a(n):
dam
Which type of alarm notification system is
connected directly to a monitoring site owned
and operated by the building’s owner?
Proprietary supervising alarm system
What is an alternative to locking open an OS&Y
or PIV?
Install a supervisory switch.
What did old-style sprinkler heads do that new
style heads do not?
Direct some of the water onto the ceiling
What is the typical water pressure for an older
standpipe system on the top floor of a building?
65 psi
Commercial photoelectric beam smoke
detectors respond to a certain diminishment in
the intensity of the light beam at the receiving
end. What is the term for how much of the light
is being blocked?
Obscuration rate
Which type of alarm notification system sends a
signal directly to the fire department via a
telephone line or radio signal?
Remote supervising station alarm system
One type of smoke alarm/detector must carry a
label warning for the presence of a minute
amount of a hazardous material. Which kind of
hazardous material?
Radioactive
Which type of detectors are typically found in
aircraft hangars?
Flame
If water is flowing in a sprinkler system, what
triggers the fire alarm system to alert the
occupants and fire department?
Water flow alarm device
What is a typical activation temperature for a
heat detector in a light-hazard occupancy such
as an office building?
135 F
Which types of detectors are commonly
installed in air return ducts of large buildings?
Duct
Which type of alarm notification system sends a
signal to a fourth-party, off-site monitoring
facility?
Central station service alarm system
Protected premises alarm system
How does a bimetallic strip work as a rate-ofrise detector switch?
It bends in response to heat closing a contact switch.
When the water pressure drops, which part of
the alarm valve prevents water from flowing
out of the sprinkler system and back into the
public water distribution system?
Clapper valve
Which part of the fire alarm system manages
and monitors the proper operation of the
system?
Fire alarm control unit
In a cross-zoned smoke detection system, what
must happen after the activation of a detector
before the actual alarm will sound?
A second detector must activate.
What is the purpose of an outside screw and
yoke?
It allows water into the sprinkler system.
Which device enables fire fighters to ascertain
the type and location of the activated alarm
device as they enter a building in which a fire
alarm is occurring?
A remote annunciator
Where are pressure-reducing valves most likely
to be located on standpipe systems?
On lower floors
Recent fire prevention codes have adopted a
standardized audio pattern that must be
produced by any audio device used as a fire
alarm. What is this sound pattern called?
Temporal-3
What does the W stand for in WPIV?
Wall
Which type of sprinkler head is designed to be
mounted on the underside of the sprinkler
piping, hanging down toward the room?
Pendant sprinkler head
What is the purpose of a water-motor gong?
It signifies that water is flowing in a sprinkler system.
Which type of automatic sprinkler system
requires the activation of a secondary device
such as a smoke detector or manual pull-station
before water is released into the sprinkler
piping?
Preaction
For which fire alarm system do fire fighters
have to search the entire building to locate the
activated initiation device?
Noncoded
What should occur if there is a fault in the fire
alarm system?
Trouble signal will sound.
Which type of sprinkler head has no cap or
release mechanism?
Deluge head
How is the flow of water in a sprinkler system
shut down?
Closing PIV
What is installed on the system side of a drypipe valve to quickly remove the air from a drypipe system when a sprinkler head activates?
Exhauster
When a manual fire alarm initiation switch
requires two separate steps to initiate the
alarm, what is that type of device called?
A double-action pull station
Are heat detectors more, less, or equally prone
to false alarms when compared to smoke
alarms/detectors?
Less
Usually, how many and what size are
connections on an FDC?
Two 2 ½-inch females
What is the primary advantage of a preaction
sprinkler system?
It prevents accidental water discharges.
What is the recommendation for when a smoke
alarm/detector should be replaced?
Every ten years
Which type of smoke alarm/detector is
sometimes recommended for installation near
bathrooms to reduce false alarms?
Photoelectric
Which detection system has a delay of 30–60
seconds between activation and notification?
Verification
Which type of alarm/detector can be used in
large open areas where it would be difficult or
costly to install a large number of individual
detectors?
Beam
What is a typical temperature rating for a
sprinkler head in a light-hazard occupancy such
as an office building?
135-165°F
Which type of smoke alarm/detector is more
prone to nuisance alarms from cooking and
shower steam?
Ionization
Which type of heat detector uses wire or tubing
strung along the ceiling of large open areas
such as churches?
Line detectors
Which type of extinguishing system is installed
in areas with computers or sensitive
electronics?
Gaseous system
What does a frangible bulb do in a sprinkler
head?
It breaks as the pressure increases.
How are ionization and photoelectric smoke
detectors restored to non-alarm condition once
they have detected smoke and gone into alarm?
They will reset at the control unit when the smoke clears.
Which of the following is the most common and
least expensive type of automatic sprinkler
system?
Wet Pipe
How are fire alarm systems in high-rise
buildings often programmed to alert the
occupants?
Alarm floor and floors immediately below and above
Which type of smoke alarm/detector is
activated by the invisible products of
combustion?
Ionization
Which type of heat detector must be replaced
after activation?
Fixed temperature
Sprinkler heads are rated by their release
mechanisms, mounting positions, and:
their release temperatures.
Which part of the fire alarm system alerts the
building occupants when the system is
activated?
Alarm notification device
What is the preferred water source for a
sprinkler system?
A municipal water system
Which type of automatic sprinkler system is
usually installed in residential settings?
Wet Pipe
Which part of a fire alarm system causes the
system to indicate an alarm?
The alarm initiation device
With which kind of sprinkler system will
accelerators and exhausters be found?
Dry-pipe
Which type of extinguishing system is installed
in most new commercial kitchens and is easy to
clean up?
Wet chemical
Where are the main sprinkler system valves
usually installed?
On the main riser, above the water supply control valve
Which type of fire alarm annunciation system
identifies where in the building the alarm was
activated?
Zoned
Which type of sprinkler head uses a metal alloy
that melts at a specific temperature?
Fusible-link
How often is it recommended that a chimney be
cleaned?
Every year
Which type of evidence is used to prove a
theory?
Circumstantial
What must be provided to the local fire
department if quantities of hazardous materials
exceed specified limits?
Safety data sheets
If electricity is supplied to a building by
underground cables, the shutoff may be in the
basement of the building or in:
an underground vault.
What is the term for a large fire involving
multiple structures?
A conflagration
The fire investigation process usually begins
with examination of:
the exterior.
Which federal agency has available fire
investigation teams they can send to assist
local jurisdictions, especially on large-scale
incidents?
ATF
Why must fire fighters be trained in the
methods of fire cause determination and
evidence preservation?
Because evidence can be lost during suppression and overhaul activities
What usually causes kitchen fires?
Unattended cooking
How should a pre-incident survey be
conducted?
In a systematic fashion, following a uniform format
How should a pre-incident survey be
conducted?
In a systematic fashion, following a uniform format
Which term describes the process of carefully
looking for evidence in the debris following a
fire?
Digging out
If a fire fighter encounters an incendiary device
that has not ignited, he or she should:
notify the fire investigator.
About how many agents are on an ATF team
that would come to help in fire-cause
determination on large-scale incidents?
15
The definition of a pre-incident plan begins, “A
collection of data that is used by responding
personnel…” What is the rest of the definition?
“…to effectively and safely manage an emergency at a particular location.”
What is the term for the amount of combustible
material and the rate of heat release
associated with a building being evaluated in
the context of potential exposures during a preincident survey?
Fire load
What is an ignition source called if it both has
enough heat energy to ignite the fuel and
remains in contact with it long enough to cause
ignition?
Competent
What is the most challenging problem during
an emergency incident at a healthcare facility?
Protecting non-ambulatory patients
Large buildings may require that more than one
fire hydrant be located in case of fire, and
further, that the two or more hydrants be
different from each other in an important way.
In which way?
Fed by different water mains
Do fire codes apply to the interior of a private
dwelling?
In many cases, no.
Why would fire fighters conducting a preincident survey be interested in examining the
surrounding topography of a building?
Because it might render some sides of a building inaccessible
Why do children younger than 6 years old
typically set fires?
Curiosity
Select the best description of fire codes from
the choices below.
Regulations that have been legally adopted by a governmental body with the
authority to pass laws and enforce safety regulations
Which kind of fire cause would it be considered
if cooking food is left unattended on the stove
until it catches fire?
An omission
Which type of evidence would be represented
by an empty gasoline can?
Physical
When discussing escape routes with occupants
during a residential fire safety survey, what
should be the goal in each room?
To identify a primary and alternate escape route from every room
What is one advantage of storing pre-incident
plans on computer rather than paper?
When changes are made, the need to make and distribute copies is eliminated.
Which NFPA standard serves as a guide for fire
investigators in conducting fire investigations?
921
Which percentage of residential fires begin in
the kitchen?
47%
High-rise buildings, hospitals, lumberyards, and
schools are examples of which type of hazard
classification?
Target hazard
What is the term for locations from which an
engine can draft out of a static water supply
source?
Drafting sites
Before moving an object that is evidence to
protect it from damage, fire fighters should be
sure that a location sketch is drawn, that a
photograph is taken, and:
witnesses are present.
What is the second major consideration during
size-up of a building?
Its use and occupancy
What is one exterior item to check during a
residential fire safety survey?
House number clearly visible from street
What is the panel called that indicates the type
and location of the device that has set off the
fire alarm in a building?
The annunciator panel
Which type of fire extinguisher should be
located in the kitchen?
ABC
During the response phase of an emergency
incident, two aspects of a property are
particularly important. One of those is building
layout. What is the other?
Access information
The preferred method of evacuating nonambulatory patients in a healthcare facility is:
horizontal evacuation
According to NFPA 921, the six motives for
arson are vandalism, excitement, revenge,
crime concealment, profit, and:
extremism
Which kind of evidence is it that is used to
validate a theory or show how something could
have occurred?
Demonstrative
Where is the annunciator panel usually located
in a building?
Near a building entrance
What should be done with the clothing from a
victim of a fire?
Preserved as evidence
What is the term used to describe the altering
or destroying of evidence?
Spoliation
How often should the batteries in smoke
detectors be replaced?
Twice a year
When moving inside the building to continue
the fire investigation, where should the
investigator begin?
Area with least damage
Which process can potentially remove some
built-in fire protection and introduce new
hazards to a building?
Remodeling
During a fire-station tour, what is one of the
first things you should do if you are giving the
tour?
Instruct visitors on procedures in the event an alarm is received.
What is one of the two primary causes of fire in
living rooms?
Overloaded electrical equipment
Combustible materials positioned to assist in
the spread of fire are known as:
trailers
The amount and nature of information provided
on a pre-incident plan will depend on the size
and complexity of the property, the types of
risks that are present, and the particular:
hazards
Private water supply systems may supply both
the sprinkler system and the private hydrants.
What is the potential problem if fire fighters
use these private hydrants during a fire?
Their use might compromise the sprinkler system.
The required flow rate for a building is
calculated based upon the building’s size,
construction, contents, and:
exposures
What is the term for an intentionally set fire?
Incendiary
How often should smoke alarms be tested by
pressing the test button?
Monthly
Which type of evidence involves statements
given by firefighters or bystanders, affidavits,
interrogatories, and court testimony?
Testimonial evidence
Which room category includes formal living
rooms, family rooms, and entertainment
rooms?
Living rooms
A fire that flares up when water is applied may
indicate the presence of a(n):
accelerant
The exigent circumstances rule allows fire
investigators to:
conduct an investigation as long as the integrity of the scene has been
maintained.
When considering the placement of smoke
alarms, there are a few locations to stay away
from. What is one of them?
Windows
When indicating possible vertical ventilation
sites on a pre-incident plan, what is one further
barrier to effective vertical ventilation that
should be noted that can impede the process
even after the roof is opened up?
Multiple ceilings
Are fire codes related at all to building codes?
Yes, closely.
Pre-incident planning should be done for
certain other locations besides buildings, due
to their size, the number of people who may be
present, and security issues. What is one such
location or installation?
A tunnel
When pre-planning a facility with its own water
supply system, fire fighters should note:
the capacity of the pump if it has one.
Which of the following steps of a home fire
safety survey comes last?
Leave fire and life safety brochures with the building occupants.
During the dispatch and response phase, which
areas should a fire fighter observe for clues
that may assist in a fire investigation?
Time of day and weather conditions
Removing and inspecting the layers of debris
from a fire enables inspectors to determine the
sequence in which items burned, whether an
item burned from the top down or the bottom
up, and:
how long it burned.
Properties that are particularly large or where
unusual hazards are present are given which
type of designation?
Target hazards
Studies have shown the effect of having
working smoke alarms and residential fire
sprinklers can reduce the risk of death by:
80%.
What is a major fire prevention concern for
garages, basements, and storage areas?
Proper storage of gasoline
What does a causes-and-origin investigation
determine about the origination of a fire?
Where, why, and how, only
Which NFPA standard contains information on
recommended practices for pre-incident
planning?
NFPA 1620
What is the term for such hazards as hazardous
materials that are stored or used on site,
confined space, high voltage, etc.?
Special hazard
How, if at all, do fire chiefs of large
departments usually carry out their duty of fire
cause determination?
By delegation
Charring on the underside of doors may be an
indication of a(n):
accelerant used.
What should be done with smoke alarms when
conducting a residential fire safety survey?
Each one should be tested.
With a pre-incident plan, fire fighters know not
only where the hydrants and exits are but also:
what hazards to anticipate.
The flow of heated gases from a fire will almost
always be up and out from the point of origin.
If propane gas or fuel oil is stored on a
property, the pre-incident plan should show the
location and capacity of each tank.
The location of enough hydrants to meet the
required flow should be noted on facilities
supplied by a municipal water supply system.