GORGIAS HANDBOOKS
Volume 1
A Vulgate Old Testament Reader
A Vulgate Old Testament Reader
SCOTT E. GOINS
GORGIAS PRESS
2005
First Gorgias Press Edition, 2005.
Copyright © 2005 by Gorgias Press LLC.
All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright
Conventions. Published in the United States of America by Gorgias
Press LLC, New Jersey.
ISBN 1-59333-215-7
GORGIAS PRESS
46 Orris Ave., Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
www.gorgiaspress.com
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bible. O.T. English. Vulgate. Selections.
A Vulgate Old Testament reader / Scott E. Goins.-- 1st ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 1-59333-215-7
1. Latin language--Readers. I. Goins, Scott E. II. Title.
BS775 2005
221.4'7--dc22
2004022928
PREFACE
This text, containing selections from the Vulgate Old Testament, is
designed for readers who are acquainted with the basics of Latin
grammar and who want to become more familiar with Jerome’s
great work. Since the Vulgate comes from a period bridging
Classical and Medieval Latin, it is accessible to students familiar
with either style.
I am grateful to several persons who have helped in the
preparation of this text: Barbara Barrett, Jacob Blevins, Jonathan
Broussard, Eric Coleman, Barbara Wyman, and an anonymous
reader for Gorgias Press. Thanks are also due to members of a
Latin class who used a rough version of this text: Lora Perkins,
April Dean, Wendy Whelan, and Dafydd Wood.
I dedicate this work to the glory of God and to Frank and
Margie Schrader.
Scott Goins
McNeese State University
Lake Charles, Louisiana
v
CONTENTS
Preface........................................................................................................v
Contents...................................................................................................vii
Introduction .............................................................................................ix
History of the Vulgate.......................................................................ix
Pronunciation ..................................................................................xiii
Grammar ..........................................................................................xv
A Guide to Using this Book.............................................................xv
Basic Vocabulary............................................................................xvi
Abbreviations for Sources in the Notes: .........................................xix
Other Useful Sources: .....................................................................xix
Genesis.......................................................................................................1
I. The Creation (Genesis 1:1-2:3) ......................................................1
II. The Story of Joseph (Genesis 39 and 41:1-43)..............................8
Exodus .....................................................................................................25
I. The Story of Moses (Exodus 1:8-3:5)...........................................25
II. The Ten Commandments (Exodus 19:25-20:17) ........................37
I Samuel ...................................................................................................41
David and Goliath (I Samuel 17:1-52a) ...........................................41
Job.............................................................................................................55
I. Job’s Trial (Job 1:1-2:10) .............................................................55
II. Job’s Expression of Trust in God (Job 19:20-28)........................61
Psalms.......................................................................................................65
I. Psalm 1 .........................................................................................65
II. Psalm 21 (22) ..............................................................................66
III. Psalm 22 (23) .............................................................................71
IV. Psalm 50 (51).............................................................................72
V. Psalm 62 (63) ..............................................................................75
VI. Psalm 94 (95).............................................................................77
VII. Psalm 99 (100)..........................................................................78
VIII. Psalm 122 (123) ......................................................................79
IX. Psalm 129 (130).........................................................................80
IX. Psalm 138 (139).........................................................................81
X. Psalm 150....................................................................................84
vii
viii
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
Wisdom Literature And The Prophets ...............................................87
I. Wisdom’s Invitation (Proverbs 9).................................................87
II. Prophecy of the Messiah (Isaiah 11:1-10)...................................89
III. The Fiery Furnace Daniel 3:1-23 and 91-99 ..............................91
IV. The Story of Daniel (Daniel 4-6) ...............................................98
V. The Story of Jonah (Jonah 1-4)................................................. 107
Dictionary ............................................................................................. 111
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF THE VULGATE
Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus, more commonly known as
Jerome, was born around A.D. 346 at Stridon in Dalmatia, a
Roman province on the east coast of the Adriatic Sea. Jerome
began his studies early, and at about the age of twelve he went to
Rome, where he studied with the renowned scholar Donatus.
Jerome was an accomplished student of both biblical studies and
classical literature, but he directed his passion primarily towards
religious matters as the result of a dream or vision he had after
becoming extremely ill in 474. In the vision Jerome saw himself
before the judgment seat of Christ and was asked to defend his
affection for pagan literature. When he claimed his Christian
identity, he was told, “You are lying, you are a Ciceronian, not a
Christian” (Mentiris; Ciceronianus es, non Christianus, Ep. 22, 30). In an
effort to redeem himself, Jerome decided to follow an ascetic life
dedicated to scriptural studies, although he did not abandon the
classics altogether.
Jerome moved to Palestine, where he lived among hermits
and began to study Hebrew. During this period he corresponded
with Pope Damasus I, and in 382 he moved to Rome to work for
the Pope. About a year later, Damasus asked Jerome to produce a
standard translation of the Bible in Latin. The need for this
translation was great. Almost no one in Western Europe knew
Hebrew and Aramaic, the original languages of the Old Testament.
Even Greek was not well known by most persons in the West, and
so believers could no longer read the New Testament in the
original or rely on the Septuagint or other Greek translations of the
Old Testament, as many had done previously. Although there was
an array of Latin translations, which are now commonly called Old
Latin versions, there was no standard translation, and many of the
ix
x
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
translations were written in a style that was considered provincial.
In addition to the problems with style, the very number of different
translations presented a problem both from a scholarly standpoint
and in terms of doctrine. At a time when the Church was
attempting to define and stamp out heresy, dissenters from official
doctrine could sometimes find renderings in the various
translations that would support their views.
Damasus seems to have envisioned a rather conservative
project for Jerome. Jerome was asked to consult the Greek
manuscripts of the New Testament but was told to follow the Old
Latin translations closely. It is not clear that Damasus asked Jerome
to revise all the Old Testament; perhaps Jerome was only asked to
revise the Psalms. By the time of Damasus’ death in 386, Jerome
had probably completed the Gospels and the Psalms. His
rendition of the Psalms, the first of three that he would prepare,
was based on the Septuagint and the Old Latin versions. Jerome may
also have been working on other portions of the New Testament at
this time, although there is considerable debate concerning how
much of a hand he had in the New Testament portion of the
Vulgate as it now stands.
After Damasus’ death Jerome traveled and eventually settled
in Bethlehem, where he would supervise a monastery for thirty
years and work on his translation of the Old Testament. At first
Jerome primarily used Greek translations of the Old Testament.,
employing especially the famous Hexapla version of Origen (ca.
185-254), which contained the original Hebrew, a Greek
transliteration of the Hebrew, the Septuagint, and three other Greek
translations. During this period Jerome translated much of the Old
Testament, including a Psalter based on the Hexapla, which became
known as the Gallican Psalter because of its popularity in Gaul and
which ended up being the most commonly used Latin rendition of
the Psalms. Jerome also worked on commentaries on some of the
books of the Bible.
Around 390 Jerome decided that he should make greater use
of the Hebrew original in his Old Testament translations. He
translated a third Psalter based on the original Hebrew, which
never achieved the popularity of the Gallican Psalter, but which is
sometimes placed alongside the Gallican Psalter in some editions.
By about 405 Jerome had finished his translation of the Old
Testament. Jerome also translated Tobit and Judith, although not
INTRODUCTION
xi
the remainder of the books or portions of books that are referred
to as deuterocanonical, which Jerome called the Apocrypha.
These deuterocanonical works were eventually added to the Vulgate
not long after Jerome’s death, as were introductions to individual
books or to larger sections of the Bible. Many of these
introductions were culled from Jerome’s writings, but some were
written by other hands. Since Jerome’s work was written over a
period of decades, when his attitudes towards how to employ his
courses were changing, the level of originality in his translations
varies greatly. In some books he translates freely from the original
texts, and in others he closely follows the Old Latin versions.1
Jerome’s work was not universally accepted and in fact would
not become the dominant Biblical text for over two hundred years.
Many Christians, especially those in North Africa, preferred the
Old Latin translations, and many felt that Jerome had gone too far
in preferring the Hebrew manuscripts to the Septuagint, which was
often considered to have been divinely inspired. In Rome and
Gaul, and in Roman missions, such as Augustine of Canterbury’s
evangelization of England, Jerome’s texts were widely used,
however, and eventually Jerome’s text became the dominant one.
By about the middle of the sixth century, Vulgate manuscripts
outnumbered others by around two to one. A century later the
ratio is around six to one.2
As soon as Jerome’s work became widely disseminated, faulty
versions, often containing readings from the Old Latin translations,
became a problem. Not much more than a century after Jerome’s
death, Cassiodorus (c. 485-580) edited the Vulgate. He would be the
first in a long line of editors who tried to salvage Jerome’s text
from the errors of copyists. Towards the end of the 700s
Charlemagne asked Alcuin of York to edit the Vulgate. Alcuin’s text
was made widely available, but it soon became corrupt also. Alcuin
preferred the Gallican Psalter to Jerome’s first Psalter, and his
choice caused the Gallican Psalter to become the dominant version
thereafter. Among other versions in the Middle Ages was the
For a good discussion, see H.F.D. Sparks, “Jerome as a Biblical
Scholar,” in P. R. Ackroyd and C. F. Evans, eds., The Cambridge History of
the Bible, Vol. 1: From the Beginnings to Jerome (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1970), 513-26.
2 See Christopher de Hamel, The Book: A History of the Bible (London
and New York: Phaidon Press, 2001), 28.
1
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
xii
popular, but not always accurate, Paris Bible, edited by the
University of Paris in the thirteenth century.
Around 1455, as the Middle Ages were coming to an end and
the Renaissance beginning, the Vulgate was chosen by Gutenberg
to be the first book printed with movable type.3 Interest in the
Vulgate was great in the Renaissance, both in the effort to retrieve
Jerome’s original text and in assessing the quality of Jerome’s
translation. Lorenzo Valla (c. 1407-1457) published a list of what
he felt were mistakes or infelicities in Jerome’s work. Similarly in
1516 Erasmus printed a new Testament with Greek in one column
and his own Latin translation in another. Jerome’s text was edited
by several scholars, including Stephanus, who produced a relatively
accurate edition in 1528, which he revised in 1532.
Less than twenty years after Stephanus, Jerome’s Bible
became a focal point of the Council of Trent. Faced with the new
vernacular translations by Protestants, the Council declared
Jerome’s translation the official text of the Bible, the editio vulgata,
whence the term “Vulgate,” although the word had actually been
applied to Jerome’s text in the Middle Ages. The Council did not
establish a specific edition of the Jerome’s work, however. Finally,
in the 1580s, Pope Sixtus V appointed a commission to produce an
official edition of the Vulgate, which was published in 1590.
Although this text was given official sanction, many errors were
found in it, and it was revised in 1592. This corrected version
became known as the Clementine edition.
Since the Clementine version was the official text for Roman
Catholics for about the next 400 years, and since Protestants
tended to focus on the original languages of the Old and New
Testaments, there was little interest in editing subsequent Vulgate
texts until the late 1800s. Around the turn of the twentieth century,
however, textual criticism of the Vulgate attracted significant
scholarly attention, sometimes sponsored by Rome and sometimes
as the result of independent inquiry. From 1889-1954 an Oxford
text of the New Testament was formed by Wordsworth and White,
and in 1908 Pope Pius X asked the Benedictines to produce a
scholarly text of the Vulgate, of which only the Old Testament has
been completed. In 1969 the Benedictine and Oxford texts were
The British Library has recently made photos of two Gutenberg
Bibles available on the internet at their website at www.bl.uk.
3
INTRODUCTION
xiii
used as a basis for a two-volume Vulgate text published by the
Württemberg Bibelanstalt in Stuttgart. This “Stuttgart Edition” is
probably the closest to what Jerome actually wrote, but it was
printed without capitalization or punctuation and so is difficult to
use by the average Latinist.4 In 1977 Alberto Colunga and
Laurentio Turrado published a Biblia Sacra iuxta Vulgatam
Clementinam, Nova Editio for the Biblioteca de Autores Christianos
series.5 Around the same time a New Vulgate was published under
the direction of the Roman Catholic Church. This text was
designed for liturgical use and is now the official source for liturgy
when Latin is used in the Novus Ordo mass. Although the New
Vulgate does correct some textual errors in the Clementine version,
it also introduces some changes that abandon Jerome’s readings in
favor of the original Hebrew and Greek manuscripts. Thus it is
more of a revision than an edition of Jerome’s Vulgate.
The New Vulgate is in print and is also found along with the
RSV in the English version of the popular Navarre Bible series.6
Both the New Vulgate and the Stuttgart Edition are also currently
available on the Internet.7 This author does not know of any
Internet cite that offers the whole of the Clementine Vulgate, but
one website currently offers most of the text.8
Because the Clementine text had such long and illustrious
usage, I have chosen to employ it for this text, although I have
substantially altered the punctuation and made minor changes in
orthography.
PRONUNCIATION
Around the beginning of the fourth century the pronunciation of
Latin began to change into what is usually called Medieval or
Ecclesiastical Latin. There are not many differences between the
two styles, but there are some significant changes that occur.
4 A one-volume version of this text is available from the American
Bible Society (www.bibles.com).
5 This text is readily available in the United States from the American
Classical League (www.aclclassics.org).
6 The New Vulgate is available from www.paxbook.com.
7 For the New Vulgate, see the Vatican website, www.vatican.va; for the
Stuttgart Edition, see, among others, www.perseus.tufts.edu.
8 See www.vulsearch.sourceforge.net.
xiv
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
Readers more familiar with classical pronunciation may wish simply
to pronounce words in the classical style. For those wishing to use
ecclesiastical pronunciation, here is a guide:
vowels and dipthongs:
ā as in father
a as in apostle
ē as in they
e as in let
ī as in machine
i as in fit
ō as in note
o as in toss
ū as in rude
u as in put
ae as in day
au as in house
ei or oe as in vein
consonants:
Pronounce consonants as in English or Classical Latin except for
the following:
c before a, au, o, u, or ou as in cat
c before ae, e, i, or oe as in charity
g before a, au, o, u, or ou as in gate
g before ae, e, i, or oe as in gentle
gn like the ny sound in onion
j like the y sound in yet
qu as in quit
sc before a, au, o, u, or ou as in scout
sc before ae, e, i, or oe as in she
t before short i and another vowel as the ts in tsunami
z as the dz sound in adze
As in classical Latin, accentuation is based on the
“antepenultimate rule.” According to this rule, if the penult (nextto-last syllable) is long, it is accented; if it is short, the antepenult
(next-to-next-to-last syllable) is accented. A syllable is long if it has
INTRODUCTION
xv
a long vowel, a diphthong, or (in most cases) has two consonants
following the vowel.
GRAMMAR
Just as pronunciation was changing during the Late Latin period, so
too was grammar. The grammar of the Vulgate is very similar to
that of Classical Latin, although there are some differences. The
following are some of the most important differences between
Classical Latin and the grammar of the Vulgate. Readers interested
in more information should consult the bibliographical sections
included at the end of this introduction.
1. For indirect statement the Vulgate often uses quod, quia, or
quoniam with a verb in the indicative or the subjunctive.
The classical construction, with an infinitive and an
accusative subject, is also frequently used.
2. The indicative is often used where one would expect to
find the subjunctive, e.g., often in indirect questions.
3. Many deponent verbs have a reflexive sense, much like a
Greek middle. For example multiplicamini can best be
translated at “multiply” rather than “be multiplied.”
4. The Vulgate, like Medieval Latin, frequently employs the
future active participle with sum (the future active
periphrastic) in place of the regular future.
5. There is frequent use of the linking or copulative relative
pronoun beginning a sentence. For example, Qui at the
beginning of a sentence should be translated as “And he.”
A GUIDE TO USING THIS BOOK
It is assumed that the reader of this book will have a basic
knowledge of Classical or Medieval Latin. The reader should be at
least somewhat familiar with the use of the subjunctive, although
notes in the text will initially point out particular usages.
Before translating the selections in this book, readers should
learn all the words in the Basic Vocabulary section below. These
words will not be glossed in the notes, although they will be
included in the Dictionary at the back of the book. With the
exception of proper nouns, words not in the Basic Vocabulary will
be glossed in the notes until they have appeared three times.
(Words appearing more than once in the same verse will only be
xvi
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
glossed once in that verse.) When a word has been glossed three
times, it will have an asterisk beside it in the notes. At this point the
reader should be sure to learn the word.
With the exception of proper names, all words glossed in the
notes and in the dictionary have macrons (long marks) and
indications of gender when appropriate. A (1) indicates that a verb
is regular first conjugation. My translations are italicized in the
notes. I have also included some translations from the DouayRheims version, which will be quoted with the abbreviation DR.
BASIC VOCABULARY
The following words should be thoroughly learned. They will not
normally be glossed in the readings, although they will be included
in the Dictionary at the back of the book. Entries will include these
abbreviations:
abl. ablative
acc. accusative
adv. adverb
conj. conjunction
dat. dative
f. feminine
gen. genitive
indecl. indeclinable
m. masculine
n. neuter
pl. plural
prep. preposition
refl./mid. reflexive/middle
sing. singular
subst. substantive (an adjective used as a noun)
w. with
ā, ab, or abs (prep. + abl.) from, by
ad (prep. + acc.) to, towards, according to
agō, -ere, ēgī, actum do, act
aiō (irregular) say
alius, alia, aliud another person/thing
alter, -a, -um another, the other of two
anima, -ae (f.) life, soul, being, creature
aqua, -ae (f.) water
INTRODUCTION
xvii
audiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum hear
autem (conj.) but, however, and
beātus, -a, -um blessed
benedīcō, -ere, -dīxī, -dictum (+ dat.) bless, curse (as a
euphemism)
bonus, -a, -um good
caelum (coelum), -ī (n.) sky, heaven
corpus, corporis (n.) body
cum (conj.) when, while, since, although
cum (prep. + abl.) with
cunctus, -a, -um all, the whole
dē (prep. + abl.) from, out of, concerning, of
deus, deī (m.) god, God
dīcō, -ere, dīxī, dictum say, speak
diēs, diēī (m./f.) day
dominus, -ī (m.) lord, master, the Lord
domus, -ūs (domī) (f.) house, home, tribe
dūcō, dūcere, duxī, ductum lead
ego I
enim (conj.) for, because
ergō (adv.) therefore
et (conj.) and, also, even
etiam (conj.) also
ē or ex (prep. + abl.) from, out of
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factum do, make
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātum carry, bear
fīō, fierī, factus sum become, be made, happen
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum have
hīc, haec, hōc this person/thing
homō, hominis (m.) man
ibi (ibī) (adv.) there
igitur (conj.) therefore
ille, illa, illud that person/thing; he, she, it
in (prep. + acc. or abl.) into, against (w. acc.); in, on (w. abl.)
inveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum find, come upon, discover
ipse, ipsa, ipsum himself, herself, itself; that very
person/thing
is, ea, id he, she, it
ita (adv.) thus, so
itaque (conj.) and so
xviii
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
jubeō, -ēre, jussī, jussum order
lūmen, -inis (n.) light
lux, lūcis (f.) light
magnus, -a, -um large, great
malus, -a, -um bad, evil; an evil (n. as subst.)
manus, -ūs (f.) hand
mittō, -ere, mīsī, missum send, place, cast, throw
multus, -a, -um much, many
nē (adv. and conj.) not, that not, lest
nec or necque (adv. and conj.) not, and not; neque …
neque … neither … nor …
nōn (adv.) not
nōs we
omnis, omne each, all, every
pōnō, -ere, posuī, positum put, place
possum, posse, potuī be able, can
post (adv. or prep. + acc.) after
propter (prep. + acc.) because of
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum beautiful, handsome
-que (conj.) and
quī, quae, quod who, which
quod (conj.) that (w. indirect statement); because, but
quoque (conj.) also
rex, rēgis (m.) king
rursum or rursus (adv.) again
sequor, sequī, secūtus sum follow
sī (conj.) if
stō, stāre, stetī, statum stand
sum, esse, fuī be
super (prep. + acc.) on, above, concerning, over, in charge of,
beyond
suus, -a, -um his, her, its, their own
terra, -ae (f.) earth, land, country
trādō, -ere, trādidī, trāditum hand over, deliver, betray
tū you
tuus, -a, -um your
ubī (ubi) (adv.) where, when
ut (adv. and conj.) as, when (w. indicative); in order to, to
(purpose clause); with the result that, that (result clause)
vēniō, -īre, vēnī, ventum come
INTRODUCTION
xix
verbum, -ī (n.) word, reason, cause
videō, -ērē, vīdī, vīsum see
vir, virī (m.) man, husband
vocō (1) call
vōs you (pl.)
ABBREVIATIONS FOR SOURCES IN THE NOTES:
A&G
DR
P&W
Greenough, J. B., et al., eds. Allen and Greenough’s New
Latin Grammar. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Caratzas Brothers,
1979; orig. publ. 1903. (Cited by paragraph number.)
The Holy Bible, Douay Rheims Version. Rockford, Ill.: Tan
Books, 1989; reprint of 1899 ed.
Plater, W. E., and H. J. White, eds. A Grammar of the
Vulgate: An Introduction to the Latinity of the Vulgate Bible.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997; orig. publ. 1926.
(Cited by paragraph number.)
OTHER USEFUL SOURCES:
Beeson, Charles. A Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin. Washington:
Catholic University of America Press, 1986. (A good
introduction to Eccesiastical Latin for those who already
know Classical Latin.)
Collins, John F. A Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin. Washington: Catholic
University of America Press, 1989. (A thorough and
affordable introduction to the Latin of the Church.)
Colunga, Alberto, and Laurentio Turrado. Biblia Sacra iuxta
Vulgatam Clementinam, Nova Editio. Madrid: Biblioteca de
Autores Cristianos, 1977. (Available from the American
Classical League, www.aclclassics.org)
De Hamel, Christopher. The Bible: A History of the Book.
London/New York: Phaidon, 2001. (A readable and lavishly
illustrated history of the development of the Bible, including
the Latin versions.)
Fischer, B. et. al. eds. Biblia Sacra Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem.
Stuttgart: Württembergische Bibelanstalt, 1969. (The so-called
“Stuttgart Edition,” printed without punctuation or
capitalization. This text is available on the internet at
www.perseus.tufts.edu.)
xx
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
Kelly, J.N.D. Jerome: His Life, Writings, and Controversies. London:
Routledge, 1975.
Lewis, Carlton T., and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1879. (A comprehensive dictionary
of Classical and Late Latin containing most words in the
Vulgate. The newer Oxford Latin Dictionary does not extend
into the Late Latin period.)
Mantello, F.A.C. and A. G. Rigg, eds. Medieval Latin: An Introduction
and Bibliographical Guide. Washington: Catholic University of
America Press, 1996. (A thorough reference work that
includes articles on the Vulgate.)
Niermeyer, Jan Frederik, et al., eds. Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus.
Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2002. (A thorough dictionary of Medieval
Latin.)
Nova Vulgata Bibliorum Sanctorum Editio. Vatican City: Libreria
Editrice Vaticana, 1979.
Rebanich, Stefan. Jerome. London/New York: Routledge, 2002.
Scanlon, Cora Carroll, and Charles L. Scanlon. Latin Grammar.
Rockford, Ill.: TAN Books and Publishers, 1976. (A good
introduction to the study of Church Latin, with several
selections from the Vulgate New Testament.)
Sparks, H.F.D. “Jerome as a Biblical Scholar,” in P. R. Ackroyd
and C. F. Evans, eds. The Cambridge History of the Bible, Vol. 1:
From the Beginnings to Jerome. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1970), 510-41. (A good discussion of the development
of the Vulgate and of Jerome’s translation methods.)
Stelten, Leo F. Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin. Peabody, Mass.:
Hendrickson, 1995. (A good dictionary containing most of the
words in the Vulgate.)
Traupman, John C. The New College Latin and English Dictionary. 2nd
ed. New York: Amsco, 1966. (A good, inexpensive dictionary
of Classical Latin containing most words in the Vulgate.)
Vöörhus, A. “Versions,” in Geoffrey Bromiley, ed. International
Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1988) 4: 969-83. (A thorough discussion of the development
of the Vulgate.)
Wordsworth, John, and H. I. White. Novum Testamentum Domini
Nostri Jesu Christi, Latine Secundum Editionem S. Hieronymi
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1889-1954.
GENESIS
I. THE CREATION (GENESIS 1:1-2:3)
(1) In principio1 creavit2 Deus caelum et terram. (2) Terra autem
erat inanis3 et vacua,4 et tenebrae5 super faciem6 abyssi;7 et Spiritus8
Dei ferebatur super aquas. (3) Dixitque Deus, “Fiat lux,”9 et facta
est lux. (4) Et vidit Deus lucem10 quod11 esset bona, et divisit12
lucem a tenebris.13 (5) Appellavitque14 lucem Diem et tenebras15
Noctem;16 factumque est vespere17 et mane,18 dies unus.19
principium, -iī (n.) beginning
creō (1) create
3 inānis, -e empty, void
4 vacuus, -a, -um void
5 tenebrae, -ārum (f. pl.) darkness. With tenebrae supply sunt.
6 faciēs, -ēī (f.) face
7 abyssus, -ī (f.) deep, abyss
8 spīritus, -ūs, (m.) spirit, breath
9 Fiat lux: let there be light (jussive subjunctive)
10 Et vidit Deus lucem quod esset bona: and God saw the light that it
was good. Normally lucem would appear in the second part of the sentence
following quod. (I.e., and God saw that the light was good.) The type of
construction we see here, in which the subject of the subordinate clause is
anticipated, is called the proleptic or anticipatory accusative (A&G 576).
11 Note that quod, quia, or quoniam is used like the English “that”
to introduce an indirect statement, in contrast to the Classical Latin
construction with the infinitive and accusative subject. The verb used is
usually in the subjunctive mood.
12 dīvidō, -ere, dīvīsī, dīvīsum divide, separate
13 tenebrae, -ārum (f. pl.) darkness
14 appellō (1) name
15 *tenebrae, -ārum (f. pl.) darkness
16 nox, noctis (f.) night
17 vesper, vesperis (vesperī) (m.) evening
1
2
1
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
2
(6) Dixit quoque Deus, “Fiat firmamentum20 in medio21
aquarum, et dividat22 aquas ab aquis.” (7) Et fecit Deus
firmamentum,23 divisitque24 aquas quae erant sub25 firmamento26 ab
his quae erant super firmamentum, et factum est ita. (8) Vocavitque
Deus firmamentum Caelum, et factum est vespere27 et mane,28 dies
secundus.29
(9) Dixit vero30 Deus, “Congregentur31 aquae quae sub32 caelo
sunt in locum33 unum, et appareat34 arida.”35 Et factum est ita. (10)
Et vocavit Deus aridam,36 Terram. Congregationesque37 aquarum
appellavit38 Maria,39 et vidit Deus quod esset bonum.40 (11) Et ait,
“Germinet41 terra herbam42 virentem43 et facientem semen,44 et
māne (indecl. noun or adv.) morning; in the morning
factumque est vespere et mane, dies unus: and it was done in the
evening and the morning, one day.
20 firmāmentum, -ī (n.) firmament, barrier; Fiat firmamentum: let
there be a firmament. The firmament was apparently conceived of as a dome
through which water could come for rain. Fiat and dividat are jussive
subjunctives.
21 medius, -a, -um middle; the middle (n. as subst.)
22 dīvidō, -ere, dīvīsī, dīvīsum divide, separate
23 firmāmentum, -ī (n.) firmament, barrier
24 *dividō, -ere, dīvīsī, dīvīsum divide, separate
25 sub (prep. + acc. or abl.) under
26 *firmamentum, -ī (n.) firmament, barrier
27 vesper, vesperis (vesperī) (m.) evening
28 māne (indecl. noun or adv.) morning; in the morning
29 secundus, -a, um second
30 vērō (adv.) truly
31 congregō (1) gather together, congregate. What usage of the
subjunctive is employed with congregentur and appareat? (See verse 6.)
32 sub (prep. + acc. or abl.) under
33 locus, -ī (m.) or loca, -ōrum (n. pl.) place
34 appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itum appear
35 ārida, -ae (f.) dry land
36 ārida, -ae (f.) dry land
37 congregātiō, -ōnis (f.) gathering, congregation
38 appellō (1) name, call
39 mare, maris (n.) sea
40 quod esset bonum: that it was good (indirect statement)
41 germinō (1) produce seed
42 herba, -ae (f.) grass, herb; herbam … pomiferum: green grass and
the grass making seed and the fruit trees
18
19
GENESIS
3
lignum45 pomiferum46 faciens fructum47 juxta48 genus49 suum, cujus
semen in semet ipso50 sit51 super terram.” Et factum est ita. (12) Et
protulit52 terra herbam53 virentem54 et facientem semen55 juxta56
genus57 suum, lignumque58 faciens fructum,59 et habens
unumquodque60 sementem61 secundum62 speciem63 suam. Et videt
Deus quod esset bonum. (13) Et factum est vespere64 et mane,65
dies tertius.66
(14) Dixit autem Deus, “Fiant luminaria67 in firmamento caeli,
et dividant diem ac noctem.68 Et sint in signa69 et tempora70 et dies
et annos,71 (15) ut luceant72 in firmamento caeli et illuminent73
virens, virentis green
sēmen, sēminis (n.) seed
45 lignum, -ī (n.) wood, tree
46 pōmifer, -a, -um producing fruit
47 fructus, -ūs (m.) fruit
48 juxtā (prep. + acc.) next to, according to
49 genus, generis (n.) kind, type
50 sēmet = sē himself, herself, itself, themselves; semet ipso: itself
(ipso is an intensifier.)
51 cuius semen ... sit: whose seed will be in itself, which would have its own
seed (a relative clause of purpose or characteristic)
52 prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātum bring forth
53 herba, -ae (f.) grass, herb
54 virens, -entis green
55 sēmen, sēminis (n.) seed
56 juxtā (prep. + acc.) according to
57 genus, generis (n) kind, type
58 lignum, -ī (n.) wood, tree
59 fructus, -ūs (m.) fruit
60 unusquisque every one
61 sēmentis, -entis (f.) seed, seed corn
62 secundum (prep. + acc.) according to
63 speciēs, speciēī (f.) appearance, kind
64 *vesper, vesperis (vesperī) (m.) evening
65 *māne (indecl. noun or adv.) morning; in the morning
66 tertius, -a, -um third
67 lūmināre, lūmināris (n.) light
68 *nox, noctis (f.) night
69 signum, -ī (n.) sign; in signa: for signs
70 tempus, temporis (n.) time
71 annus, -ī (m.) year
43
44
4
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
terram.” Et factum est ita. (16) Fecitque Deus duo74 luminaria75
magna—luminare majus76 ut praeesset77 diei et luminare minus78 ut
praeesset nocti79— et stellas.80 (17) Et posuit eas in firmamento
caeli ut lucerent81 super terram (18) et praeessent82 diei ac nocti et
dividerent lucem ac tenebras. Et vidit Deus quod esset bonum.83
(19) Et factum est vespere et mane, dies quartus.84
(20) Dixit etiam Deus, “Producant85 aquae reptile86 animae
viventis87 et volatile88 super terram sub89 firmamento caeli.” (21)
Creatvitque90 Deus cete91 grandia92 et omnem animam93 viventem94
atque95 motabilem96 quam produxerant97 aquae in species98 suas et
72 lūcēō, -ēre, lūxī shine; luceant is a subjunctive used to express
purpose.
73 illūminō (1) illumine, shine on
74 duo, duae, duo two
75 lūmināre, lūmināris (n.) light
76 major, majus larger (comparative of magnus, -a, -um)
77 praesum, -esse, -fuī (+ dat.) be over, rule; ut praeesset diei: in
order that it rule the day (a purpose clause).
78 minor, minus smaller (comparative of parvus, -a, -um)
79 *nox, noctis (f.) night
80 stella, -ae (f.) star
81 lūcēō, -ēre, lūxī shine
82 praesum, -esse, -fuī (+ dat.) be over, rule
83 quod esset bonum: that it was good (indirect statement)
84 quartus, -a, -um fourth
85 prōdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum produce, bring forth
86 reptile, reptilis (n.) creeping animal, reptile; reptile animae
viventis: “creeping creature having life” (DR). animae viventis is a
genitive of quality (P&W 20 and 113).
87 vīvō, -ere, vixī, victum live
88 volātilis, -e flying; bird (n. as subst.)
89 *sub (prep. + acc. or abl.) under
90 creō (1) create
91 cētē (n. pl.) (cētus, -ī [m.]) whale
92 grandis, -e great, large
93 Translate animam here as being or creature.
94 vīvō, -ere, vixī, victum live
95 atque (conj.) and
96 mōtābilis, -e moving
97 prōdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum produce, bring forth
98 speciēs, speciēī (f.) appearance, kind
GENESIS
5
omne volatile99 secundum100 genus101 suum. Et vidit Deus quod
esset bonum. (22) Benedixitque eis dicens, “Crescite102 et
multiplicamini103 et replete104 aquas maris,105 avesque106
multiplicentur super terram.” (23) Et factum est vespere et mane,
dies quintus.107
(24) Dixit quoque Deus, “Producat108 terra animam
viventem109 in genere suo, jumenta,110 et reptilia,111 et bestias112
terrae secundum113 species114 suas.” Factumque est ita. (25) Et fecit
Deus bestias115 terrae juxta116 species suas, et jumenta,117 et omne
reptile118 terrae in genere suo. Et vidit Deus quod esset bonum (26)
et ait, “Faciamus hominem ad imaginem119 et similtudinem120
nostram, et praesit121 piscibus122 maris,123 et volatilibus124 caeli, et
volātilis, -e flying; bird (n. as subst.)
secundum (prep. + acc.) according to
101 genus, generis (n.) kind, type
102 crescō, -ere, crēvī, crētum increase, grow
103 multiplicō (1) multiply; multiplicamini: be multiplied or multiply
(themselves). This form is passive imperative but can best be understood as
being like a reflexive without a pronoun (sē) or like a Greek middle.
104 repleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill
105 mare, maris (n.) sea
106 avis, avis (f.) bird
107 quintus, -a, -um fifth
108 *prōducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum produce, bring forth
109 *vīvō, -ere, vixī, victum live
110 jūmentum, -ī (n.) cow, beast
111 reptile, reptilis (n.) creeping animal, reptile
112 bestia, -ae (f.) beast
113 *secundum (prep. + acc.) according to
114 *speciēs, speciēī (f.) appearance, kind
115 bestia, -ae (f.) beast
116 juxtā (prep. + acc.) according to
117 jūmentum, -ī (n.) beast, cow
118 *reptile, reptilis (n.) creeping animal, reptile
119 imāgō, -inis (f.) image; ad imaginem et similtudinem nostrum:
according to our image and likeness
120 simultūdō, -inis (f.) likeness
121 *praesum, -esse, -fuī (+ dat.) be over, rule
122 piscis, piscis (m.) fish
123 *mare, maris (n.) sea
124 *volātilis, -e flying; bird (n. as subst)
99
100
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
6
bestiis,125 universaeque126 terrae, omnique reptili quod movetur127 in
terra.” (27) Et creavit Deus hominem ad imaginem128 suam; ad
imaginem Dei creavit illum; masculum129 et feminam130 creavit eos.
(28) Benedixit illis Deus et ait, “Crescite,131 et
multiplicamini,132 et replete133 terram, et subjicite134 eam, et
dominamini135 piscibus136 maris, et volatilibus caeli, et universis137
animantibus138 quae moventur139 super terram.” (29) Dixitque
Deus, “Ecce!140 Dedi vobis omnem herbam141 afferentem142
semen143 super terram, et universa144 ligna145 quae habent in semet146
ipsis sementem147 generis sui ut148 sint vobis in escam,149 (30) et
cunctis animantibus150 terrae, omnique volucri151 caeli, et universis
*bestia, -ae (f.) beast
ūniversus, -a, -um entire, all
127 moveō, -ēre, mōvī, mōtum move; movetur: moves (passive as
refl./mid.; see verse 22.)
128 imāgō, -inis (f.) image
129 mascūlus, -ī (m.) man
130 fēmina (foemina), -ae (f.) woman
131 crescō, -ere, crēvī, crētum increase, grow
132 multiplicō (1) multiply (passive as refl./mid.)
133 repleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill
134 subjiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum subdue
135 dominor (1) (+ gen. or dat.) rule over
136 piscis, piscis (m.) fish
137 ūniversus, -a, -um entire, all
138 animans, -antis living; living thing (n. as subst.)
139 moveō, -ēre, mōvī, mōtum move (passive as refl./mid.)
140 ecce! behold! look!
141 *herba, -ae (f.) grass, herb
142 afferō, afferre, attulī, allatum bring
143 *sēmen, sēminis (n.) seed
144 *ūniversus, -a, -um entire, all
145 *lignum, -ī (n.) tree, wood
146 sēmet = sē himself, herself, itself, themselves; in semet ipsis: in
themselves (ipsis serves as an intensifier of semet.)
147 sēmentis, -entis (f.) seed, seed corn
148 ut sint: in order that they be (What type of subjunctive? See verse 16.)
149 esca, -ae (f.) food; in escam: for food
150 animans, -antis living; living thing (n. as subst.);
cunctis
animantibus, as well as omnique volucri and universis, are dative,
paralleling vobis in verse 29. (Behold! I have given you all plants … and [I have
given the plants] to all animals ….)
125
126
GENESIS
7
quae moventur152 in terra et in quibus est anima vivens ut habeant
ad vescendum,”153 et factum est ita.
(31) Viditque Deus cuncta quae fecerat, et erant valde154 bona.
Et factum est vespere et mane, dies sextus.155 (2:1) Igitur perfecti
sunt156 caeli, et terra, et omnis ornatus157 eorum. (2)
Complevitque158 Deus die septimo159 opus160 suum quod fecerat, et
requievit161 die septimo ab universo opera quod patrarat.162 (3) Et
benedixit diei septimo163 et sanctificavit164 illum, quia in ipso
cessaverat165 ab omni opere166 suo quod167 creavit ut faceret.
volucris, -is (f.) bird
*moveō, -ēre, mōvī, mōtum move (passive as refl./mid.)
153 vescor, vescī (+ abl.) feed on; ad vescendum: for feeding upon (ad
+ gerund to express purpose; see A&G 506.)
154 valdē (adv.) very
155 sextus, -a, -um sixth
156 perficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum finish
157 ornātus, -ūs (m.) adornment
158 compleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum complete
159 septimus, -a, -um seventh; die septimo: on the seventh day (an abl.
of time)
160 opus, operis (n.) work, deed
161 requiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum rest
162 patrō (1) accomplish; patrarat is a syncopated (shortened) form of
patraverat.
163 septimus, -a, -um seventh
164 sanctificō (1) make holy, sanctify
165 cessō (1) stop, cease
166 opus, operis (n.) deed, work
167 quod creavit ut faceret: “which God created and did” (DR); ut
faceret literally means in order to do (a purpose clause)
151
152
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
8
II. THE STORY OF JOSEPH (GENESIS 39 AND 41:1-43)
(39:1) Igitur Joseph168 ductus est in Aegyptum.169 Emitque170 eum
Putiphar,171 eunuchus172 Pharaonis,173 princeps174 exercitus,175 vir
Aegyptius,176 de manu Ismaelitarum,177 a quibus perductus erat.178
(2) Fuitque Dominus cum eo.179 Et erat vir in cunctis prospere180
Joseph (m.) Joseph (the son of Jacob)
Aegyptus, -ī (f.) Egypt
170 emō, -ere, ēmī, emptum buy
171 Putiphar (m.) Potiphar
172 eunūchus, -ī (m.) eunuch; important official
173 Pharaō, -ōnis (m.) Pharaoh
174 princeps, -cipis (m.) leader, commander
175 exercitus, -ūs (m.) army
176 Aegyptius, -a, -um Egyptian; an Egyptian (m. as subst.)
177 Ismaēlītēs, -ae (m.) an Ishmaelite (member of a nomadic tribe
believed to have descended from Ishmael, Abraham’s son by Hagar; see
Gen. 16.)
178 perducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead to, bring, lead
179 eo refers to Joseph here.
180 prosperē (adv.) prosperously; in cunctis prospere agens; faring
prosperously in all things
168
169
GENESIS
9
agens, habitavitque181 in domo domini sui. (3) Qui182 optime183
noverat184 Dominum esse185 cum eo et omnia quae gereret186 ab eo
dirigi187 in manu illius. (4) Invenitque Joseph gratiam188 coram189
domino suo, et ministrabat190 ei, a quo praepositus191 omnibus,
gubernabat192 creditam193 sibi domum et universa quae ei tradita
fuerant.194
(5) Benedixitque Dominus domui Aegyptii propter Joseph, et
multiplicavit tam195 in aedibus196 quam in agris197 cunctam ejus
substantiam.198 (6) Nec quidquam199 aliud noverat200 nisi201 panem202
habitō (1) live
Qui: and he (Potiphar). This is an example of the “connective relative
pronoun” (A&G 308f), which is common in the Vulgate. In this
construction a relative pronoun is used at the beginning of a sentence,
where English would require a conjunction and a demonstrative pronoun.
183 optimē (adv.) very well
184 noscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum come to know; know (perfect), knew
(past perfect)
185 Both esse and dirigi are infinitives in indirect statement, according
to the usual Classical construction.
186 gerō, -ere, gessī, gestum bear, do; gereret is in the subjunctive
mood because it is part of a subordinate clause in indirect statement. et
omnia … illius: and that all he did was directed by Him (God) in his (Joseph’s)
hand
187 dīrigō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum direct, control
188 grātia, -ae (f.) grace, favor
189 cōram (prep. + abl.) in the presence of, in the sight of
190 ministrō (1) serve
191 praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum place someone (acc.) over
someone/thing (dat.); a quo … fuerant: (Joseph) having been placed over
everything by him (a quo), governed over the house entrusted to him and everything
that had been handed over to him
192 gubernō (1) govern
193 crēditus, -a, -um entrusted
194 tradita fuerant = tradita erant (regular form of the past perfect
passive)
195 tam … quam … as much … as …
196 aedēs, aedis (f.) room (sing.); house (pl.)
197 ager, agri (m.) field
198 substantia, -ae (f.) substance, goods
199 quisquam, quaequam, quidquam (quicquam) anyone/thing
200 noscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum come to know; know (perfect), knew
(past perfect)
181
182
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
10
quo vescebatur.203 Erat autem Joseph pulchra facie204 et decorus205
aspectu.206 (7) Post multos itaque dies injecit207 domina208 oculos209
suos in Joseph et ait, “Dormi210 mecum.” (8) Qui,211 nequaquam212
acquiescens213 operi214 nefario,215 dixit ad eam, “Ecce!216 Dominus
meus, omnibus217 mihi traditis, ignorat218 quid habeat219 in domo
sua. (9) Nec quidquam220 est quod non in mea sit potestate221 vel222
non tradierit mihi, praeter223 te quae uxor224 ejus es. Quomodo225
ergo possum hoc malum facere et peccare226 in227 Deum eum?”
nisi (conj.) unless, except, if not
pānis, pānis (m.) bread, loaf
203 vescor, vescī (+ abl.) feed on, eat
204 faciēs, faciēī (f.) face, appearance; pulchra facie: with a handsome
face (an abl. of description); decorus aspectu: good looking in appearance (an
abl. of specification). Erat … aspectu: Moreover, Joseph had a handsome face
and a fine appearance.
205 decōrus, -a, -um beautiful, handsome
206 aspectus, -ūs (m.) countenance, face, appearance
207 injiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast, direct
208 domina, -ae (f.) mistress
209 oculus, -ī (m.) eye
210 dormiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum sleep
211 Qui: and he (connective relative; see verse 3.)
212 nēquāquam (adv.) in no way
213 acquiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum agree, acquiesce
214 *opus, operis (n.) deed, work
215 nefārius, -a, -um wicked, evil
216 ecce! behold! look!
217 omnibus mihi traditis: with all things having been entrusted to me (an
abl. absolute)
218 ignōrō (1) not know, be ignorant of
219 quid habeat: what he possesses (an indirect question)
220 quisquam, quaequam, quidquam (quicquam) anyone/thing
221 potestās, -ātis (f.) power; quod … mihi: the subjunctives sit and
traderit are used in a relative clause of characteristic.
222 vel (conj. or adv.) or, even
223 praeter (prep. + acc.) besides, except for
224 uxor, -ōris (f.) wife
225 quōmodo (adv.) how
226 peccō (1) sin
227 in: against
201
202
GENESIS
11
(10) Hujuscemodi228 verbis per singulos229 dies et mulier230
molesta231 erat adulescenti,232 et ille recusabat233 stuprum.234 (11)
Accidit235 autem quadam236 die ut intraret237 Joseph domum et
operis quippiam238 absque239 arbitris240 faceret. (12) Et illa,
apprehensa241 lacinia242 vestimenti243 ejus, diceret, “Dormi244
mecum.” Qui, relicto245 in manu ejus pallio,246 fugit247 et egressus
est248 foras.249
(13) Cumque vidisset mulier250 vestem251 in manibus suis et se
esse contemptam,252 (14) vocavit ad se homines domus suae et ait
ad eos, “En!253 Introduxit254 virum Hebraeum255 ut illuderet256
228 hūjusmodī or hūjuscemodī of this kind; hujuscemodi verbis:
with words of this kind (abl. of means)
229 singulus, -a, -um each, every; per singulos dies: every day
230 mulier, -eris (f.) wife
231 molestus, -a, -um troublesome
232 adulescens (adolescens), -entis (m./f.) young man or woman
233 recūsō (1) refuse
234 stuprum, -ī (n.) shameful act, disgrace
235 accidō, -ere, accidī happen; accidit … ut: and it also happened on a
certain day that. (accidit leads into two result clauses.)
236 quīdam, quaedam, quoddam (quiddam) a certain person/thing
237 intrō (1) enter
238 quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiam (quidpiam or quippiam)
anyone/thing, someone/thing; operis quippiam: some work (partitive
gen.)
239 absque (prep. + abl.) without
240 arbiter, arbitrī (m.) witness
241 apprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hensum grab, seize
242 lacinia, -ae (f.) border
243 vestīmentum, -ī (n.) garment, clothing
244 dormiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum sleep
245 relinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
246 pallium, -iī (n.) garment, cloak
247 fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitum flee
248 ēgredior, -ī, ēgressus sum depart, come forth
249 forās (adv.) outside
250 mulier, -eris (f.) woman, wife; cumque vidisset mulier: when the
wife had seen (cum circumstantial)
251 vestis, vestis (f.) garment, clothing
252 contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptum despise, slight; et se esse
contemptam: and that she was despised (indirect statement)
253 ēn! look!
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
12
nobis. Ingressus est257 ad me ut coiret258 mecum. Cumque ego
succlamassem259 (15) et audisset vocem260 meam, reliquit261
pallium262 quod tenebam263 et fugit264 foras.”265
(16) In argumentum266 ergo fidei267 retentum268 pallium269
ostendit270 marito271 revertenti272 domum (17) et ait, “Ingressus
est273 ad me servus274 Hebraeus quem adduxisti275 ut illuderet276
mihi. (18) Cumque audisset277 me clamare,278 reliquit279 pallium
quod tenebam280 et fugit281 foras.”282 (19) His auditis283 dominus et
intrōducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring in
Hebraeus, -a, -um Hebrew; a Hebrew (m. as subst.)
256 illūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsum (+ dat.) mock, trick, make a fool of; ut
illuderet nobis: so that he may make sport of us
257 ingredior, ingredī, ingressus sum enter
258 coeō, coīre, coiī (coīvī), coitum have sexual relations with
259 succlāmō (1) cry out; succlamassem is a syncopated (shortened)
version of succlamavissem (cum circumstantial)
260 vox, vōcis (f.) voice
261 relinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
262 pallium, -iī (n.) garment, cloak
263 teneō, -ēre, -uī, tentum hold
264 fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitum flee
265 forās (adv.) outside
266 argūmentum, -ī (n.) proof, evidence; in argumentum ego fidei:
therefore, as a proof of her fidelity
267 fidēs, fidēī (f.) faith, faithfulness
268 retineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum hold back, keep
269 *pallium, -iī (n.) garment, cloak
270 ostendō, -ere, ostendī, ostensum (ostentum) show
271 marītus, -ī (m.) husband
272 revertō (or revertor, etc.), -ere, -vertī, -versum come back, return
273 ingredior, ingredī, ingressus sum enter
274 servus, -ī (m.) slave, servant
275 adducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring to
276 illūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsum (+ dat.) trick, make a fool of, mock
277 Cum audisset: What type of construction? (See verse 13.)
278 clamō (1) shout
279 *relinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
280 teneō, -ēre, -uī, tentum hold
281 *fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitum flee
282 *forās (adv.) outside
283 His auditis: these things having been heard (an abl. absolute)
254
255
GENESIS
13
nimium284 credulus285 verbis conjugis286 iratus287 est valde.288 (20)
Tradiditque Joseph in carcerem289 ubi vincti290 regis
custodiebantur291 et erat ibi clausus.292
(21) Fuit autem Dominus cum Joseph293 et misertus294 illius
dedit ei gratiam295 in conspectu296 principis297 carceris.298 (22) Qui
tradidit in manu illius universos vinctos299 qui in custodia300
tenebantur, et quidquid301 fiebat sub ipso erat. (23) Nec noverat302
aliquid, cunctis ei creditis.303 Dominus enim erat cum illo, et omnia
opera ejus dirigebat.304
[In chapter 40 Joseph correctly interprets the dream of the
Pharaoh’s baker and butler, who had been imprisoned. As Joseph
predicted, the baker is killed, but the butler is restored to his
position. The butler had promised to tell the Pharaoh of Joseph’s
goodness and ability to predict dreams, but he forgot to do this.]
(41:1) Post duos305 annos306 vidit Pharao somnium.307
Putabat308 se stare super fluvium,309 (2) de quo ascendebant310
nimium (adv.) exceedingly, too much
crēdulus, -a, -um trusting in
286 conjunx, conjugis (m./f.) spouse, husband, wife
287 īrātus, -a, -um angry
288 valdē (adv.) very, greatly
289 carcer, carceris (m.) prison
290 vinctus, -ī (m.) prisoner
291 custōdiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum guard, watch over, keep
292 claudō, -ere, clausī, clausum close, close in, imprison
293 Joseph is ablative.
294 misereor, -ērī, misertus (miseritus) sum (+ gen.) pity
295 grātia, -ae (f.) grace, favor
296 conspectus, -ūs (m.) sight
297 princeps, -cipis (m.) leader, commander
298 carcer, carceris (m.) prison
299 vinctus, -ī (m.) prisoner
300 custōdia, -ae (f.) custody, watch
301 quisquis, quaequae, quidquid whoever, whatever; anyone/thing
302 *noscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum come to know; know (perfect), knew
(past perfect)
303 crēditus, -a, -um entrusted; cunctis ei creditis: with all things
(having been) entrusted to him (an abl. absolute)
304 dīrigō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum direct, control
305 duo, duae, duo two
306 annus, -ī (m.) year
307 somnium, -iī (n.) dream
284
285
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
14
septem311 boves312 pulchrae et crassae313 nimis,314 et pascebantur315
in locis palustribus.316 (3) Aliae quoque septem317 emergebant318 de
flumine,319 foedae,320 confectaeque321 macie,322 et pascebantur323 in
ipsa amnis ripa324 in locis325 virentibus.326 (4) Devoraveruntque327
eas quarum mira328 species et habitudo329 corporum erat.
Expergefactus330 Pharao (5) rursum331 dormivit,332 et vidit
alterum somnium.333 Septem334 spicae335 pullulabant336 in culmo337
uno plenae338 atque formosae.339 (6) Aliae quoque totidem340
putō (1) think, suppose
fluvius, -ī (m.) river
310 ascendō, -ere, ascendī, ascensum ascend, climb
311 septem seven
312 bōs, bovis (m./f.) ox, cow
313 crassus, -a, -um fat, sleek
314 nimis (adv.) exceedingly
315 pascō, -ere, pāvī, pastum feed; graze (passive as refl./mid.)
316 paluster (palustris), palustris, palustre swampy, marshy
317 septem seven; aliae quoque septem: and another seven (cows)
318 ēmergō, -ere, ēmersī, ēmersum come out
319 flūmen, -inis (n.) river
320 foedus, -a, -um detestable, hideous, foul
321 conficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum make thoroughly, complete
322 maciēs, maciēī (f.) thinness, emaciation
323 pascō, -ere, pāvī, pastum feed, graze (passive as refl./mid.)
324 rīpa, -ae (f.) bank (of a river), river bank
325 locus, -ī (m.) or loca, -ōrum (n. pl.) place
326 *virens, -entis green
327 dēvorō (1) devour, eat
328 mīrus, -a, -um strange, wonderful
329 habitūdō, -inis (f.) form, condition
330 expergēfactus, -a, -um awakened
331 rursum or rursus (adv.) again
332 *dormiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum sleep
333 somnium, -iī (n.) dream
334 *septem seven
335 spīca, -ae (f.) ear of grain
336 pullulō (1) sprout
337 culmus, -ī (m.) stalk
338 plēnus, -a, -um (+ gen. or abl.) full, full of, plentiful
339 formōsus, -a, -um beautiful, handsome
340 totidem just as many, the same number
308
309
GENESIS
15
spicae341 tenues342 et percussae343 uredine344 oriebantur,345 (7)
devorantes346 omnem priorum347 pulchritudinem.348
Evigilans349 Pharao post quietem350 (8) et, facto mane,351
pavore352 perterritus353 misit ad omnes conjectores354 Aegypti
cunctosque sapientes355 et accersitis356 narravit357 somnium,358 nec
erat qui interpretaretur.359 (9) Tunc360 demum361 reminiscens362
pincernarum363 magister364 ait, “Confiteor365 peccatum366 meum.
(10) Iratus367 rex servis368 suis me et magistrum369 pistorum370
retrudi371 jussit in carcerem372 principis373 militum,374 (11) ubi una
spīca, -ae (f.) ear of grain
tenuis, -e slender, thin
343 percutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike, strike down, kill
344 ūrēdō, -inis (f.) rust, blight
345 orior, -īrī, ortus sum arise
346 dēvorō (1) devour, eat
347 prior, prius (gen. prioris) earlier
348 pulchritūdō, -inis (f.) beauty
349 ēvigilō (1) awake
350 quiēs, -ētis (f.) rest, quiet
351 facto mane: the morning having come (What type of construction?)
352 pavor, -ōris (m.) fear, terror
353 perterritus, -a, -um very frightened
354 conjector, -ōris (m.) interpreter
355 sapiens, -entis wise, knowing; wise man (m. as subst.)
356 accersō, -ere, -īvī, -ītum summon; accersitis: to them having been
summoned (dative)
357 narrō (1) tell
358 somnium, -iī (n.) dream
359 interpretor (1) explain, interpret; qui interpretaretur: who would
interpret (relative clause of characteristic or purpose)
360 tunc (adv.) then
361 dēmum (adv.) finally
362 reminiscor, -ī remember
363 pincerna, -ae (m.) cup bearer, butler
364 magister, -trī (m.) master, chief, overseer
365 confiteor, -ērī, -fessus sum confess, trust in, give thanks
366 peccātum, -ī (n.) sin, crime
367 īrātus, -a, -um angry
368 servus, -ī (m.) slave, servant
369 magister, -trī (m.) master, chief, overseer
370 pistor, -ōris (m.) baker
371 retrūdō, -ere put away, cast away
341
342
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
16
nocte uterque375 vidimus somnium376 praesagum377 futurorum.378
(12) Erat ibi puer Hebraeus, ejusdem379 ducis militum380 famulus,381
cui narrantes382 somnia (13) audivimus quidquid383 postea384 rei385
probavit386 eventus.387 Ego enim redditus sum388 officio389 meo, et
ille suspensus390 est in cruce.”391
(14) Protinus392 ad regis imperium393 eductum394 de carcere
Joseph totonderunt,395 ac, veste396 mutata,397 obtulerunt398 ei.399 (15)
*carcer, carceris (m.) prison
*princeps, -cipis (m.) leader, commander
374 mīles, -itis (m.) soldier
375 uter, utra, utrum both, each, either
376 *somnium, -iī (n.) dream
377 praesāgus, -a, -um predicting
378 futūrus, -a, -um future; futurorum: of future things, of the future
379 īdem, eadem, idem the same person/thing
380 mīles, -itis (m.) soldier
381 famulus, -ī (m.) servant
382 narrō (1) tell
383 quisquis, quaequae, quidquid whoever, whatever; anyone/thing;
quidquid … eventus: what the outcome of the situation proved to be afterwards
(what the future ended up proving true)
384 posteā (adv.) afterwards
385 rēs, rēī (f.) thing
386 probō (1) prove
387 ēventus, -ūs (m.) outcome
388 reddō, -ere, reddidī, redditum give back, restore
389 officium, -iī (n.) duty, office
390 suspendō, -ere, -pendī, -pensum hang
391 crux, crucis (f.) cross
392 protīnus (adv.) immediately
393 imperium, -iī (n.) power, empire, command; ad regis imperium:
according to the order of the King
394 ēdūcō, -ere, ēduxī, ēductum lead out, draw out; Joseph is
accusative and goes with eductum.
395 tondēō, -ēre, totondī, tonsum shear, cut hair
396 vestis, vestis (f.) garment, clothing
397 mūtō (1) change
398 offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātum offer, bring forward
399 ei: i.e., Pharaoh
372
373
GENESIS
17
Cui ille ait, “Vidi somnia, nec est qui edisserat.400 Quae audivi te
sapientissime401 conjicere.”402 (16) Respondit403 Joseph, “Absque404
me Deus respondebit prospera405 Pharaoni.”
(17) Narravit406 ergo Pharao quod viderat, “Putabam407 me
stare super ripam408 fluminis409 (18) et septem boves410 de amne411
conscendere412 pulchras nimis,413 et obesis414 carnibus,415 quae in
pastu416 paludis417 virecta418 carpebant.419 (19) Et ecce!420 Has
sequebantur aliae septem boves in tantum421 deformes422 et
macilentae423 ut numquam424 tales425 in terra Aegypti viderim.426 (20)
ēdisserō, -ere, -uī, -sertum explain; nec est qui edisserat: nor is
there anyone who can interpret them (relative clause of characteristic or
purpose)
401 sapienter (adv.) wisely, craftily
402 conjiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum conjecture, give an interpretation;
Quae … conjicere: which [dreams] I have heard that you interpret most wisely.
Translate: and I have heard that you interpret them most wisely.
403 respondeō, -ēre, -spondī, -sponsum reply
404 absque (prep. + abl.) without
405 prosperus (prosper), -a, -um prosperous, useful, good
406 *narrō (1) tell
407 putō (1) think, suppose
408 rīpa, -ae (f.) bank (of a river), river bank
409 flūmen, -inis (n.) river
410 *bōs, bovis (m./f.) ox, cow; et septem … conscendere: and that
the seven cows came down from the river (indirect statement dependent on
putabam)
411 amnis, amnis (m./f.) river, stream
412 conscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum ascend, climb
413 nimis (adv.) exceedingly
414 obēsus, -a, -um fat
415 carō, carnis (f.) meat, flesh; obesis carnibus: with fat flesh (abl. of
description)
416 pastus, -ūs (m.) food, pasture
417 palūs, palūdis (f.) swamp, marsh
418 virectum, -ī (n.) green place, glade
419 carpō, -ere, carpsī, carptum pull, pluck, seize
420 *ecce! behold! look!
421 tantus, -a, -um so much, so great, such; in tantum: to such a degree
422 dēformis, -e misshapen
423 macilentus, -a, -um thin, lean
424 numquam (adv.) never
425 tālis, -e such
400
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
18
Quae, devoratis427 et consumptis428 prioribus,429 (21) nullum430
saturitatis431 dedere432 vestigium433 sed simili434 macie435 et
squalore436 torpebant.437
“Evigilans,438 rursus sopore439 depressus,440 (22) vidi somnium.
Septem spicae441 pullulabant442 in culmo443 uno plenae444 atque
pulcherrimae. (23) Aliae quoque septem tenues445 et percussae446
uredine447 oriebantur448 e stipula,449 (24) quae priorum450
puchritudinem451 devoraverunt. Narravi conjectoribus452 somnium,
et nemo453 est qui edisserat.”454
ut … viderim is a result clause
*dēvorō (1) devour, eat; devoratis … prioribus: with the earlier ones
having been devoured and consumed (What type of construction?)
428 consūmō, -ere, -sumpsi, -sumptum consume
429 prior, prius (gen. prioris) earlier
430 nullus, -a, -um no, none; no one (m. as subst.)
431 saturitās, -ātis (f.) fullness
432 dedere = dederunt
433 vestīgium, -iī (n.) trace, sign
434 similis, -e same, similar, like
435 maciēs, maciēī (f.) thinness, emaciation
436 squālor, -ōris (m.) filthiness, neglect
437 torpeō, -ēre, torpuī be sluggish
438 ēvigilō (1) awake
439 sopor, -ōris (m.) sleep
440 dēprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressum weigh down; evigilans …
depressus: awakening, and again having been overcome by sleep
441 *spīca, -ae (f.) ear of grain
442 pullulō (1) sprout
443 culmus, -ī (m.) stalk
444 plēnus, -a, -um (+ gen. or abl.) full, full of, plentiful
445 tenuis, -e slender, thin
446 percutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike, strike down, kill
447 ūrēdō, -inis (f.) rust, blight
448 orior, -īrī, ortus sum arise
449 stipula, -ae (f.) stalk
450 *prior, prius (gen. prioris) earlier
451 pulchritūdō, -inis (f.) beauty
452 conjector, -ōris (m.) interpreter
453 nēmō, nēminis (m./f.) no one
454 ēdisserō, -ere, -uī, -sertum explain
426
427
GENESIS
19
(25) Respondit455 Joseph, “Somnium regis unum est. Quae
facturus est456 Deus ostendit457 Pharaoni. (26) Septem boves
pulchrae et septem spicae plenae458 septem ubertatis459 anni460 sunt;
eandemque461 vim462 somnii comprehenderunt.463 (27) Septem
quoque boves tenues464 atque465 macilentae466 quae ascenderunt467
post eas et septem spicae tenues et vento468 urente469 percussae470
septem anni sunt venturae471 famis472 (28) qui hoc ordine473
complebuntur.474
(29) “Ecce! Septem anni venient fertilitatis475 magnae in
universa terra Aegypti (30) quos sequentur septem anni alii tantae476
sterilitatis477 ut oblivioni478 tradatur cuncta retro479 abundantia.480
respondeō, -ēre, -spondī, -sponsum reply
Quae facturus est: what he is about to do. This construction, the
future active periphrastic, very commonly occurs in the Vulgate in place of
the regular future.
457 ostendō, -ere, ostendī, ostensum (ostentum) show
458 *plēnus, -a, -um (+ gen. or abl.) full, full of, plentiful
459 ūbertās, -ātis (f.) richness, plenty
460 *annus, -ī (m.) year
461 īdem, eadem, idem the same person/thing; eandemque …
comprehenderunt: “and both contained the same meaning of the
dream” (DR).
462 vīs, vī (dat. and abl. sing.), vim (acc. sing.); vīrēs, vīrium (pl.) (f.)
power
463 comprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hensum understand, take, include
464 *tenuis, -e slender, thin
465 atque (conj.) and
466 macilentus, -a, -um thin, lean
467 ascendō, -ere, ascendī, ascensum ascend, climb
468 ventus, -ī (m.) wind
469 ūrō, -ere, ussī, ustum burn; vento urente: with burning wind, wind
burnt
470 *percutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike, strike down, kill
471 sunt venturae: are going to come, will come (future active periphrastic)
472 fames, famis (f.) famine
473 ordō, ordinis (m.) order
474 compleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum complete, finish
475 fertilitās, -ātis (f.) fertility
476 tantus, -a, -um so much, so great, such
477 sterilitās, -ātis (f.) sterility, barrenness
478 oblīviō, -ōnis (f.) oblivion, forgetfulness; ut … abundantia: so that
all the earlier abundance is forgotten (result clause)
455
456
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
20
Consumptura est481 enim fames482 omnem terram, (31) et
ubertatis483 magnitudinem484 perditura485 inopiae486 magnitudo. (32)
Quod487 autem vidisti secundo488 ad eandem489 rem490 pertinens491
somnium firmitatis492 indicium493 est eo quod494 fiat sermo495 Dei et
velocius496 impleatur.497
(33) “Nunc498 ergo provideat499 rex virum sapientem500 et
industrium,501 et praeficiat502 eum terrae Aegypti (34) qui
constituat503 praepositos504 per505 cunctas regiones506 et quintam507
retrō (adv.) backwards, earlier
abundantia, -ae (f.) abundance
481 consūmo, -ere, -sumpsī, -sumptum consume
482 famēs, famis (f.) famine
483 ūbertās, -ātis (f.) richness, plenty
484 magnitūdō, -inis (f.) magnitude, greatness
485 perdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum destroy; perditura [est]: will destroy
486 inopia, -ae (f.) want, poverty
487 Quod … somnium: moreover, the fact that (Quod) you saw for a second
time a dream pertaining to the same thing
488 secundō (adv.) a second time
489 *īdem, eadem, idem the same person/thing
490 rēs, rēī (f.) thing
491 pertineō, -ēre, -uī pertain
492 firmitās, -ātis (f.) firmness, certainty
493 indicium, -iī (n.) sign
494 eo quod: the fact that, that; eo … impleatur: that the word of God will
come about and will be accomplished very quickly. eo quod introduces a noun
clause with two subjunctive verbs (P&W 134).
495 sermo, -ōnis (m.) conversation, story, word
496 vēlox, -ōcis quick; velocius: very quickly (comparative adverb)
497 impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill, fill up, accomplish
498 nunc (adv.) now
499 prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsum provide
500 sapiens, sapientis wise, knowing; wise man (m. as subst.)
501 industrius, -a, -um industrious
502 praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum set someone (acc.) over something
(dat.)
503 constituō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum decide, appoint; qui constituat: who
would appoint (relative clause of purpose; so also et … congregat below)
504 praepositus, -ī (m.) overseer
505 per (prep. + acc.) through, throughout
506 regiō, -ōnis (f.) region
507 quintus, -a, -um fifth
479
480
GENESIS
21
partem508 fructuum509 per septem annos fertilitatis510 (35) qui511 jam
nunc512 futuri sunt congreget513 in horrea.514 Et omne frumentum515
sub Pharaonis potestate516 condatur517 serveturque518 in urbibus.519
(36) Et praeparetur520 futurae521 septem annorum fami522 quae
oppressura523 est Aegyptum, et non consumetur524 terra inopia.”525
(37) Placuit526 Pharaoni consilium527 et cunctis ministris528 ejus.
(38) Locutusque est529 ad eos, “Num530 invenire poterimus talem531
virum qui spiritu532 Dei plenus sit?”
(39) Dixit ergo ad Joseph, “Quia533 ostendit534 tibi Deus omnia
quae locutus es,535 numquid536 sapientiorem537 et consimilem538 tui
pars, partis (f.) part
*fructus, -ūs (m.) fruit
510 fertilitās, -ātis (f.) fertility
511 qui: annos is the antecedent.
512 nunc (adv.) now; jam nunc futuri sunt: even now are going to occur.
futuri is the future active participle of sum.
513 congregō (1) gather together, congregate
514 horreum, -ī (n.) store chamber, barn
515 frūmentum, -ī (n.) grain
516 potestās, -ātis (f.) power
517 condō, -ere, -didī, -dītum set, establish, place; et … condatur:
and let all the grain be put under the authority of Pharaoh.
518 servō (1) save, preserve
519 urbs, urbis (f.) city
520 praeparō (1) prepare
521 futūrus, -a, -um future
522 *famēs, famis (f.) famine
523 opprimō, -ere, oppressī, oppressum oppress
524 consūmō, -ere, -sumpsī, -sumptum consume
525 inopia, -ae (f.) want, poverty; inopia is an abl. of means.
526 placeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum please
527 consilium, -iī (n.) plan, advice, counsel
528 minister, -trī (m.) minister, advisor
529 loquor, loquī, locūtus sum say, speak
530 num (adv.) surely not (introduces a questions expecting a “no”
answer)
531 tālis, -e such
532 spīritus, -ūs (m.) breath, spirit; qui … sit: who is filled with the spirit
of God (relative clause of characteristic)
533 quia (conj.) because, that
534 *ostendō, -ere, ostendī, ostensum (ostentum) show
535 loquor, loquī, locūtus sum say, speak
508
509
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
22
invenire potero? (40) Tu eris super domum meam, et ad tui oris
imperium cunctus populus539 obediet,540 uno tantum541 regni542
solio543 te praecedam.”544 (41) Dixitque rursus545 Pharao ad Joseph,
“Ecce! Constitui546 te super universam terram Aegypti.” (42)
Tulitque anulum547 de manu sua et dedit548 eum in manu ejus,
vestivitque549 eum stola550 bysinna551 et collo552 torquem553 auream554
circumposuit555 (43) Fecitque eum ascendere556 super currum557
suum secundum,558 clamante559 praecone560 ut561 omnes coram562 eo
numquid (adv.) (an interrogative word)
*sapiens, -entis wise, knowing; wise man (m. as subst.);
sapientiorem … tui: [a person] more wise [than you] and similar to you
538 consimilis, -e (+ gen. or dat.) similar, like
539 populus, -ī (m.) people
540 obediō (oboediō), -īre, -īvī, -ītum obey
541 tantum (adv.) only
542 regnum, -ī (n.) kingdom
543 solium, -iī (n.) throne
544 praecedō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum precede; uno … praecedam: and
only with regard to the throne of the kingdom will I precede you. (solio is an abl. of
specification.)
545 rursum or rursus (adv.) again
546 constituō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum decide, appoint
547 ānulus (annulus), -ī (m.) ring
548 dō, dare, dedī, datum give
549 vestiō, -īre clothe, put on
550 stola, -ae (f.) cloak
551 bysinnus, -a, -um of linen
552 collum, -ī (n.) neck
553 torquēs (torquis), torquis (m./f.) necklace, collar
554 aureus, -a, -um golden
555 circumpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put something (acc.) around
someone/thing (dat.)
556 *ascendō, -ere, ascendī, ascensum ascend, climb
557 currus, -ūs (m.) chariot
558 secundus, -a, -um second
559 clāmō (1) shout
560 praecō, -ōnis (m.) herald
561 ut … Aegypti: that all bow down before him and know that he has been set
over the whole land of Egypt. This clause is dependent on clamante and
should be taken as a jussive noun clause.
562 cōram (prep. + abl.) in the presence of, in the sight of
536
537
GENESIS
23
genuflecterent563 et praepositum564 esse scirent565 universae terrae
Aegypti.
genuflectō, -ere, -flexī, -flectum bend the knee, bow
praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum place someone (acc.) over
someone/thing (dat.)
565 sciō, -īre, sciī (scīvī), scītum know
563
564
EXODUS
I. THE STORY OF MOSES (EXODUS 1:8-3:5)
(1:8) Surrexit1 interea2 rex novus3 super Aegyptum qui ignorabat4
Joseph. (9) Et ait ad populum5 suum, “Ecce! Populus filiorum
Israel6 multus et fortior7 nobis est. (10) Venite, sapienter8
opprimamus9 eum ne10 forte11 multiplicetur et, si ingruerit12 contra13
nos bellum,14 addatur15 inimicis16 nostris expugnatisque17 nobis
egrediatur18 de terra.”
(11) Praeposuit itaque eis magistros19 operum ut affligerent20
eos oneribus.21 Aedificaveruntque22 urbes tabernaculorum23
surgō, -ere, surrexī, surrectum rise up
intereā (adv.) meanwhile
3 novus, -a, -um new
4 ignōrō (1) be ignorant of
5 populus, -ī (m.) people
6 Israel, Israelis (often undeclined) (m.) Israel; here Israel is genitive.
7 fortis, -e brave, strong
8 sapienter (adv.) wisely, craftily
9 opprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressum oppress, crush; opprimamus: let
us oppress (hortatory subjunctive). eum refers to populus.
10 ne goes with multiplicetur, addatur, and egrediatur in negative
purpose clauses.
11 fortē (adv.) by chance, perhaps
12 ingruō, -ere, ingruī attack, fall upon, fight
13 contrā (prep. + acc.) against, in the face of, towards, before
14 bellum, -ī (n.) war
15 addō, -ere, -didī, -ditum add
16 inimīcus, -a, -um hostile; enemy (m. as subst.)
17 expugnō (1) overthrow
18 ēgredior, -ī, ēgressus sum depart, come forth
19 *magister, -trī (m.) master, chief, overseer
20 afflīgō, -ere, -flixī, -flictum afflict
1
2
25
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
26
Pharaoni, Phithom24 et Ramesses.25 (12) Quantoque26
opprimebant27 eos tanto magis multiplicabantur et crescebant.28
(13) Oderantque29 filios30 Israel Aegyptii et affligebant31 illudentes32
eis. (14) Atque33 ad amaritudinem34 perducebant35 vitam36 eorum
operibus duris37 luti38 et lateris39 omnique famulatu40 quo in terrae
operibus premebantur.41
(15) Dixit autem rex Aegypti obstetricibus42 Hebraeorum,
quarum una vocabatur Sephora,43 altera Phua,44 (16) praecipiens45
eis, “Quando46 obstetricabitis47 Hebraeas et partus48 tempus49
onus, oneris (n.) burden
aedificō (1) build
23 tabernāculum, -ī (n.) tent; urbes tabernaculorum: cities of tents
(i.e., storage cities)
24 Phithom (Phittom) (f.) Phithom or Pithom
25 Ramesses (f.) Ramesses or Rameses
26 quantōque … tantō magis: and the more … the more … (lit., and by
how much … by so much more…)
27 opprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressum oppress, crush
28 *crescō, -ere, crēvī, crētum increase, grow
29 ōdī, -isse hate (perfect as present)
30 fīlius, -iī (m.) son
31 afflīgō, -ere, -flixī, -flictum afflict
32 *illūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsum (+ dat.) mock, trick, make a fool of
33 *atque (conj.) and
34 amāritūdō, -īnis (f.) bitterness
35 perdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead to, bring, lead
36 vīta, -ae (f.) life
37 dūrus, -a, -um harsh
38 lutum, -ī (n.) dirt, clay, mud brick
39 later, -eris (m.) brick
40 famulātus, -ūs (m.) service, servitude
41
premō, -ere, pressī, pressum oppress; omnique …
premebantur: and with every kind of service with which they were oppressed in their
works of the earth
42 obstetrix, -īcis (f.) midwife
43 Sephora (f.) Sephora or Shiphrah
44 Phua (f.) Phua or Puah
45 praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum order
46 quandō (adv.) when
47 obstetrīcō (1) act as midwife
48 partus, -ūs (m.) childbirth
49 tempus, temporis (n.) time, season
21
22
EXODUS
27
advenerit,50 si masculus51 fuerit, interficite52 eum. Si femina,53
reservate.”54
(17) Timuerunt55 autem obstetrices56 Deum, et non fecerunt
juxta praeceptum57 regis Aegypti, sed conservabant58 mares.59 (18)
Quibus ad se accersitis60 rex ait, “Quidnam61 est hoc quod facere
voluistis62 ut pueros servaretis?”63 (19) Quae responderunt,64 “Non
sunt Hebraeae sicut Aegyptiae mulieres;65 ipsae enim obstetricandi66
habent scientiam.67 Et priusquam68 veniamus ad eas, pariunt.”69 (20)
Bene70 ergo fecit Deus obstetricibus, et crevit populus,71
adveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum arrive
masculus, -ī (m.) man
52 interficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum kill
53 fēmina (foemina), -ae (f.) woman
54 reservō (1) save
55 timeō, -ēre, -uī fear
56 obstetrix, -īcis (f.) midwife
57 praeceptum, -ī (n.) order
58 conservō (1) preserve, save
59 mās, maris (m.) man
60 accersō, -ere, -īvī, -ītum summon; Quibus … accersitis: and to
them [having been] summoned to him. Quibus is a connective relative pronoun
(A&G 308f).
61 quisnam, quidnam who, what (strengthened form of quis, quid)
62 volō, velle, voluī wish, want, like, love
63 servō (1) save, preserve; ut pueros servaretis: that you save the boys (a
noun clause in opposition to hoc; see P&W 134).
64 *respondeō, -ēre, -spondī, -sponsum reply
65 *mulier, -eris (f.) woman, wife
66 obstetrīcō (1) act as midwife; obstetricandi: of acting as a midwife (a
gerund)
67 scientia, -ae (f.) knowledge
68 priusquam (conj.) before; et priusquam veniamus: and before we
can come (subjunctive with priusquam to suggest purpose or intent, A&G
551b)
69 pariō, -ere, peperī, partum give birth, bear a child
70 bene (adv.) well; take Bene and fecit together as blessed.
71 *populus, -ī (m.) people
50
51
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
28
confortatus est72 nimis. (21) Et quia73 timuerant74 obstetrices Deum,
aedificavit75 eis domos.
(22) Praecepit76 autem Pharao omni populo suo dicens,
“Quidquid77 masculini78 sexus79 natum fuerit80 in flumen81
projicite,82 quidquid feminini83 reservate.”84
(2:1) Egressus est85 post haec vir de domo Levi,86 et accepit87
uxorem stirpis88 suae. (2) Quae concepit89 et peperit90 filium,91 et
videns eum elegantem,92 abscondit93 tribus mensibus.94 (3) Cumque
jam95 celare96 non posset, sumpsit97 fiscellam98 scirpeam,99 et
confortō (1) grow strong, become very strong
quia (conj.) because, that
74 timeō, -ēre, -uī fear, be afraid, honor
75 aedificō (1) build; aedificavit illis domus: built up houses for them
(i.e., gave them children of their own)
76 praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum order
77 *quisquis, quaequae, quidquid whoever, whatever; anyone/thing
78 masculīnus, -a, -um male
79 sexus, -ūs (m.) sex, gender
80 nascor, nascī, nātus sum be born; natus fuerit = natus erit
81 *flūmen, -inis (n.) river
82 projiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast forth
83 fēminīnus (foeminīnus), -a, -um female
84 reservō (1) save
85 *ēgredior, -ī, ēgressus sum depart, come forth
86 Levi (m.) Levi (the priestly tribe)
87 accipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take, receive
88 stirps, stirpis (f.) stock, family
89 concipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum conceive
90 pariō, -ere, peperī, partum give birth, bear a child
91 fīlius, -iī (m.) son
92 ēlegans, -antis elegant, handsome; videns eum elegantem: finding
him handsome
93 abscondō, -ere, -condī, -conditum hide
94 mensis, mensis (m.) month; tribus mensibus: for three months. In
Classical Latin the accusative would have been used to express duration of
time (P&W 115).
95 jam (adv.) now
96 cēlō (1) hide
97 sūmō, -ere, sumpsī, sumptum take up
98 fiscella, -ae (f.) basket
99 scirpeus, -a, -um made of bulrushes, wicker
72
73
EXODUS
29
linivit100 eam bitumine101 ac pice,102 posuitque intus103 infantulum,104
et exposuitque105 eum in carecto106 ripae fluminis, (4) stante
procul107 sorore108 eius et considerante109 eventum110 rei.111
(5) Ecce! autem descendebat112 filia113 Pharaonis ut lavaretur114
in flumine, et puellae115 ejus gradiebantur116 per crepidinem117
alvei,118 quae, cum vidisset fiscellam119 in papyrione,120 misit unam e
famulabus121 suis, et allatam122 (6) aperiens123 cernensque124 in ea
parvulum125 vagientem,126 miserta127 ejus ait, “De infantibus128
Hebraeorum est hic.” (7) Cui soror129 pueri, “Vis”130 inquit “ut
liniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum smear
bitūmen, -inis (n.) mud
102 pix, pīcis (f.) pitch
103 intus (adv.) within
104 infantulus, -ī (m.) baby boy
105 expōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put out
106 cārectum, -ī (n.) bed of sedge grass
107 procul (adv.) at a distance; stante … rei: with his sister standing at a
distance and looking at the outcome of the situation
108 soror, -ōris (f.) sister
109 consīderō (1) look upon, consider
110 ēventus, -ūs (m.) outcome
111 *rēs, rēī (f.) thing
112 dēscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum descend, come down
113 fīlia, -ae (f.) daughter
114 lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautum (lotum) bathe, wash
115 puella, -ae (f.) girl, slave girl, serving girl
116 gradior, gradī, gressus sum step out
117 crēpīdō, -inis (f.) brink, edge
118 alveus, -ī (m.) channel (of a river)
119 fiscella, -ae (f.) basket
120 papyriō, -ōnis (f.) papyrus marsh
121 famula, -ae (f.) maid servant; famulabus is the feminine form of
the abl., as opposed to famulis, the masculine form.
122 *afferō, afferre, attulī, allātum bring
123 aperiō, -īre, -uī, apertum open; allatam [fiscellam] aperiens:
and opening the basket brought to her
124 cernō, -ere, crēvī, crētum see
125 parvulus, -a, -um small, little, lowly; infant (m./f. as subst.)
126 vāgiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) cry
127 misereor, -ērī, misertus (miseritus) sum (+ gen.) pity
128 infans, infantis (m./f.) infant
129 soror, -ōris (f.) sister
100
101
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
30
vadam131 et vocem tibi mulierem Hebraeam quae nutrire132 possit
infantulum?”133
(8) Respondit, “Vade.”134 Perrexit135 puella136 et vocavit
matrem137 suam. (9) Ad quam locuta138 filia139 Pharaonis,
“Accipe”140 ait “puerum141 istum, et nutri142 mihi; ego dabo tibi
mercedem143 tuam.” Suscepit144 mulier et nutrivit puerum,
adultumque145 tradidit filiae146 Pharaonis. (10) Quem illa adoptavit147
in locum148 filii, et vocavit nomen149 ejus Moyses150 dicens, “Quia151
de aqua tuli eum.”
(11) In diebus illis postquam152 creverat Moyses, egressus est
ad fratres153 suos, viditque afflictionem154 eorum et virum
Aegyptium percutientem quendam155 de Hebraeis fratribus suis.
(12) Cumque circumspexisset156 huc157 atque illuc158 et nullum159
volō, velle, voluī wish, want, like, love
vādō, -ere, vāsī go; ut vadam: that I go (jussive noun clause)
132 nūtriō (or nūtrior, etc.), -īre nurse
133 infantulus, -ī (m.) baby boy
134 vādō, -ere, vāsī go
135 pergō, -ere, perrexī, perrectum proceed, go
136 puella, -ae (f.) girl, slave girl, serving girl
137 māter, matris (f.) mother
138 *loquor, loquī, locūtus sum say, speak
139 fīlia, -ae (f.) daughter
140 accipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take, receive
141 puer, puerī (m.) boy, slave
142 nutriō (or nutrior, etc.), -īre nurse
143 mercēs, -ēdis (f.) wage
144 suscipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum undertake, receive
145 adultus, -a, -um adult
146 *fīlia, -ae (f.) daughter
147 adoptō (1) adopt
148 *locus, -ī (m.) or loca, -ōrum (n. pl.) place
149 nōmen, -inis (n.) name
150 Moysēs (Mōsēs), -is or -ī, Moysī (dat.), Moysēn (acc.) (m.)
Moses; the name Moses is similar to the Hebrew word for “drawing
water.”
151 *quia (conj.) because, that
152 postquam (conj.) after
153 frāter, fratris (m.) brother
154 afflictiō, -ōnis (f.) affliction
155 quīdam, quaedam, quoddam (quiddam) a certain person/thing
156 circumspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look around
130
131
EXODUS
31
adesse160 vidisset, percussum Aegyptium abscondit161 sabulo.162 (13)
Et egressus die altero conspexit163 duos164 Hebraeos rixantes,165
dixitque ei qui faciebat injuriam,166 “Quare167 percutis proximum168
tuum?” (14) Qui respondit, “Quis te constituit169 principem et
judicem170 super nos? Num171 occidere172 me tu vis173 sicut174 heri175
occidisti Aegyptium?” Timuit176 Moyses, et ait, “Quomodo177
palam178 factum179 est verbum istud?”180
(15) Audivitque Pharao sermonem181 hunc, et quaerebat182
occidere183 Moysen, qui fugiens de conspectu184 ejus moratus est185
in terra Madian186 et sedit juxta puteum.187 (16) Erant autem
hūc (adv.) here, hither
illūc (adv.) there, thither
159 nullus, -a, -um no, none; no one (m. as subst.)
160 adsum, adesse, adfuī be present
161 abscondō, -ere, -condī, -conditum hide
162 sabulum, -ī (n.) sand
163 conspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum see, look at
164 duo, duae, duo two
165 rixor (1) quarrel
166 injūria, -ae (f.) injury, harm
167 quārē (adv.) why
168 proximus, -a, -um nearby; neighbor (m. as subst.)
169 *constituō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum decide, appoint
170 jūdex, jūdicis (m.) judge
171 num (adv.) surely not (introduces a questions expecting a “no”
answer)
172 occīdō, -ere, occīdī, occīsum kill
173 *volō, velle, voluī wish, want, like, love
174 sīcut (conj.) just as, as, like
175 herī (adv.) yesterday
176 *timeō, -ēre, -uī fear, be afraid, honor
177 quōmodo (adv.) how
178 palam (adv.) out in the open
179 factum, -i (n.) deed
180 iste, ista, istud that person/thing; Quomodo … istud?: how has
that story become out in the open?
181 sermō, -ōnis (m.) conversation, story, word
182 quaerō, -ere, quaesīvī (quaesiī), -sītum seek
183 occidō, -ere, occidī, occīsum kill
184 conspectus, -ūs (m.) sight
185 moror (1) delay, stay
186 Madian Madian or Midian (area to the east of the Red Sea)
157
158
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
32
sacerdoti188 Madian septem filiae quae venerunt ad hauriendam189
aquam, et impletis190 canalibus,191 adaquare192 cupiebant193 greges194
patris195 sui. Supervenere196 pastores197 et ejecerunt198 eas,
surrexitque199 Moyses et defensis200 puellis adaquavit201 oves202
earum. (18) Quae cum revertissent203 ad Raguel,204 patrem205 suam,
dixit ad eas, “Cur velocius206 venistis solito?”207 (19) Responderunt,
“Vir Aegyptius liberavit208 nos de manu pastorum,209 insuper210 et
hausit211 aquam nobiscum potumque212 dedit ovibus.213 (20) At ille,
puteus, puteī (m.) well
sacerdōs, -ōtis (m.) priest; Erant … filiae: moreover, the priest of
Midian had seven daughters (dative of possession)
189 hauriō, -īre, hausī, haustum draw (water); ad hauriandam
aquam: for drawing water, to draw water (a gerundive of purpose)
190 impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill, fill up, accomplish
191 canālis, -is (m.) trough
192 adaquō (1) give water to
193 cupiō, -ere, -īvī (-iī) -ītum desire
194 grex, gregis (m.) flock
195 pater, patris (m.) father
196 superveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum come upon; supervenere =
supervenerunt
197 pastor, -ōris (m.) shepherd
198 ējiciō, -ere, ējēcī, ējectum cast out
199 surgō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum rise up
200 dēfendō, -ere, -fendī, -fensum defend; defensis puellis could be
an ablative absolute or a dative of reference.
201 adaquō (1) give water to
202 ovis, ovis (m./f.) sheep
203 revertō ( or revertor, etc.), -ere, -vertī, -versum come back, return
204 Raguel (m.) Raguel or Reuel (Moses’ father-in-law = Jethro)
205 pater, patris (m.) father
206 vēlox, -ōcis swift
207 solitum, -ī (n.) what is usual; Cur velocius venistis solito?: Why
have you come more quickly than usual?
208 līberō (1) free
209 pastor, -ōris (m.) shepherd
210 insuper (adv.) moreover
211 hauriō, -īre, hausī, haustum draw (water)
212 pōtus, -ūs (m.) drink
213 ovis, ovis (m./f.) sheep
187
188
EXODUS
33
“Ubi est?” inquit,214 “Quare215 dimisistis216 hominem? Vocate eum
ut comedat217 panem.”218
(21) Juravit219 ergo Moyses quod habitaret220 cum eo,
accepitque221 Sephoram,222 filiam ejus, uxorem, (22) quae peperit223
ei filium quem vocavit Gersam,224 dicens, “Advena225 fui in terra
aliena.”226 Alterum227 vero228 peperit, quem vocavit Eliezer,229
dicens, “Deus enim patris230 mei, adjutor231 meus, eripuit232 me de
manu Pharaonis.”
(23) Post multum vero233 temporis234 mortuus est235 rex
Aegypti, et ingemiscentes236 filii Israel propter opera vociferati
sunt.237 Ascenditque238 clamor eorum ad Deum ab operibus. (24) Et
audivit gemitum239 eorum ac recordatus240 est foederis241 quod
inquam says
quārē (adv.) why
216 dīmittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum send away, leave alone
217 comedō, -ere (-esse) , -ēdī, -ēsum (-estum) eat with, eat
together
218 pānis, pānis (m.) bread, loaf
219 jūrō (1) swear
220 habitō (1) live; quod habitaret: that he would live
221 *accipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take, receive
222 Sephora, -ae (f.) Sephora or Zipporah
223 *pariō, -ere, peperī, partum give birth, bear a child
224 Gersa (m.) Gersa or Gershom; Gersa is similar to the Hebrew for
“stranger there.”
225 advena, -ae (m./f.) stranger
226 aliēnus, -a, -um belonging to another, other, strange, foreign
227 alter, -era, -erum another
228 vērō (adv.) but, truly
229 Eliezer (m.) Eliezer (Moses’ son); Eliezer means “God the
Helper.”
230 *pater, patris (m.) father
231 adjūtor, -ōris (m.) helper
232 ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum break forth, burst forth
233 vērō (adv.) but, truly
234 *tempus, temporis (n.) time, season; Post multum vero
temporis: but after much [of] time. temporis is a partitive genitive.
235 morior, morī, mortuus sum die
236 ingemescō, -ere, -gemuī groan
237 vōciferor (1) cry out
238 *ascendō, -ere, ascendī, ascensum ascend, climb
239 gemitus, -ūs (m.) groan
214
215
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
34
pepigit242 cum Abraham,243 Isaac,244 et Jacob.245 (25) Et respexit246
Dominus filios Israel et cognovit247 eos.
(3:1) Moyses autem pascebat248 oves249 Jethro,250 soceri251 sui,
sacerdotis252 Madian. Cumque minasset253 gregem254 ad interiora255
deserti,256 venit ad montem Dei, Horeb.257 (2) Apparuitque258 ei
Dominus in flamma259 ignis260 de medio261 rubi,262 et videbat quod
rubus arderet263 et non conbureretur.264
(3) Dixit ergo Moyses, “Vadam265 et videbo visionem266 hanc
magnam – quare267 non comburatur268 rubus.”269 (4) Cernens270
recordor (1) (+ gen. or dat.) remember
foedus, foederis (n.) pact, covenant
242 pangō, -ere, panxī (pepigī), panctum (pactum) sing, compose,
establish
243 Abraham (m.) Abraham
244 Isaac (m.) Isaac
245 Jacob (m.) Jacob
246 respiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
247 cognoscō, -ere, -nōvī, -nitum know
248 *pascō, -ere, pāvī, pastum feed; graze (passive as refl./mid.)
249 ovis, ovis (m./f.) sheep
250 Jethro (m.) Jethro (Moses’ father-in-law = Raguel); Jethro is
genitive here.
251 socer (socerus), socerī (m.) father-in-law
252 sacerdōs, -ōtis (m.) priest
253 minō (1) drive; minasset = minavisset
254 grex, gregis (m.) flock
255 interior, -ius inner, within
256 dēsertum, -ī (n.) desert
257 Horeb Mt. Horeb (a mountain to the west of the Red Sea)
258 appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itum appear
259 flamma, -ae (f.) flame
260 ignis, ignis (m.) fire
261 medius, -a, -um middle; the middle (n. as subst.)
262 rubus, -ī (m.) bush
263 ardeō, -ēre, arsī, arsum burn
264 combūrō (conburō), -ere, -ussī, -ustum burn up
265 *vādō, -ere, vāsī go
266 vīsiō, -ōnis (f.) sight
267 quārē (adv.) why; quare non comburatur rubus: why the bush is not
burned up (an indirect question in apposition to visionem)
268 combūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustum burn up
269 rubus, -ī (m.) bush
240
241
EXODUS
35
autem Dominus quod pergeret271 ad videndum vocavit eum de
medio272 rubi273 et ait, “Moyses, Moyses.” Qui respondit,
“Adsum.”274
(5) At ille, “Ne appropries”275 inquit “huc. Solve276
calceamentum277 de pedibus278 tuis. Locus enim in quo stas terra
sancta279 est.” (6) Et ait, “Ego sum Deus patis tui, Deus Abraham,
Deus Isaac, et Deus Jacob.” Abscondit280 Moyses faciem281 suam,
non enim audebat282 aspicere283 contra284 Deum. (7) Cui ait
Dominus, “Vidi afflictionem285 populi mei in Aegypto, et
clamorem286 ejus audivi propter duritiam287 eorum qui praesunt
operibus. (8) Et sciens288 dolorem289 ejus, descendi290 ut liberem291
eum de manibus Aegyptiorum, et educam292 de terra illa in terram
bonam et spatiosam,293 in terram quae fluit294 lacte295 et melle,296 ad
cernō, -ere, crēvī, crētum see
pergō, -ere, perrexī, perrectum proceed, go; quod pergeret ad
videndum: that he was going to see (indirect statement with a gerund of
purpose)
272 *medius, -a, -um middle; the middle (n. as subst.)
273 *rubus, -ī (m.) bush
274 adsum, adesse, adfuī be present
275 appropriō (1) approach; ne appropries is a negative jussive
subjunctive.
276 solvō, -ere, solvī, solūtum loosen, untie
277 calceāmentum, -ī (n.) sandal
278 pēs, pedis (m.) foot
279 sanctus, -a, -um holy
280 *abscondō, -ere, -condī, -conditum hide
281 *faciēs, faciēī (f.) face, appearance
282 audeō, -ēre, ausus sum dare
283 aspiciō, -ere, aspexī, aspectum look at
284 contrā (prep. + acc.) against, in the face of, towards, before
285 afflictiō, -ōnis (f.) affliction
286 clāmor, -ōris (m.) shout, cry
287 dūritia, -ae (f.) harshness; duritiam … operibus: the harshness of
those who are over their labors
288 sciō, -īre, scīvī (sciī), scītum know
289 dolor, -ōris (m.) pain
290 descendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum descend
291 līberō (1) free
292 ēdūcō, -ere, ēduxī, ēductum lead out
293 spatiōsus, -a, -um large, spacious
294 fluō, -ere, fluxī, fluctum flow
270
271
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
36
loca Chananaei,297 et Hethaei,298 et Amorrhaei,299 Pherezaei,300 et
Hevaei,301 et Jebusaei.302
(9) “Clamor303 ergo filiorum Israel venit ad me, vidique
afflictionem304 eorum qua ab Aegyptiis opprimuntur.305 (10) Sed
veni et mittam te ad Pharaonem ut educas306 populum meum, filios
Israel, de Aegypto.”
(11) Dixitque Moyses ad Deum, “Quis307 sum ego ut308 vadam
ad Pharaonem et educam filios Israel de Aegypto?”
(12) Qui dixit ei, “Ego ero tecum, et hoc habebis signum309
quod miserim te: cum eduxeris populum meum de Aegypto,
immolabis310 Deo super montem311 istum.”312
(13) Ait Moyses ad Deum, “Ecce! Ego vadam ad filios Israel,
et dicam eis, ‘Deus patrum vestrorum313 misit me ad vos.’ Si
dixerint mihi, ‘Quod est nomen314 eius?’ Quid dicam eis?”315
(14) Dixit Deus ad Moysen, “EGO316 SUM QUI SUM,” ait,
“Sic dices filiis Israel ‘QUI EST misit me ad vos.’” (15) Dixitque
lac, lactis (m.) milk
mel, mellis (n.) honey
297 Chananaeus, -ī (m.) a Canaanite
298 Hethaeus, -ī (m.) a Hittite
299 Amorrhaeus, -ī (m.) an Amorite
300 Pherezaeus, -ī (m.) a Perizzite
301 Hevaeus, -ī (m.) a Hivite
302 Jebusaeus, -ī (m.) a Jebusite
303 clāmor, -ōris (m.) shout, cry
304 *afflictiō, -ōnis (f.) affliction
305 *opprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressum oppress, crush
306 ēdūcō, -ere, ēduxī, ēductum lead out, draw out
307 quis, quid who, what
308 ut vadam … et educam: that I should go to Pharaoh and lead out
309 signum, -ī (n.) sign
310 immolō (1) sacrifice
311 mons, montis (m.) mountain
312 iste, ista, istud that person/thing
313 vester, vestra, vestrum your (pl.)
314 nōmen, -inis (n.) name
315 Quid dicam eis?: what should I say to them ? (deliberative
subjunctive)
316 Ego … vos: “I AM WHO AM,” He said, “Thus shalt thou say to
the children of Israel: ‘HE WHO IS, hath sent me to you’” (DR). “I AM
WHO AM” is the famous name for God, which is usually transliterated
into English as Jehovah or Yahweh.
295
296
EXODUS
37
iterum317 Deus ad Moysen, “Haec dices filiis Israel: ‘Dominus Deus
patrum vestrorum,318 Deus Abraham, Deus Isaac, et Deus Jacob
misit me ad vos. Hoc nomen mihi est in aeternum,319 et hoc
memoriale320 meum in generationem321 et generationem.’”
II. THE TEN COMMANDMENTS (EXODUS 19:25-20:17)
(19:25) Descenditque322 Moyses ad populum et omnia narravit eis.
(20:1) “Locutusque est Dominus cunctos sermones323 hos: (2) ‘Ego
sum Dominus Deus tuus qui eduxi te de terra Aegypti, de domo
servitutis.324 (3) Non habebis deos alienos325 coram326 me.
(4) ‘Non facies tibi sculptile327 neque omnem similtudinem328
quae est in caelo desuper329 et quae in terra deorsum330 nec eorum
quae sunt in aquis sub terra. (5) Non adorabis331 ea neque coles.332
Ego sum Dominus Deus tuus fortis, zelotes,333 visitans334
iniquitatem335 patrum in filios in tertiam336 et quartam337
generationem338 eorum qui oderunt339 me, (6) et faciens
iterum (adv.) again
vester, vestra, vestrum your (pl.)
319 aeternum, -ī (n.) eternity
320 memorialis, -e memorial; a memorial (n. as subst.)
321 generatiō, -ōnis (f.) generation
322 *dēscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum descend, come down
323 *sermō, -ōnis (m) conversation, story, word
324 servitūs, -ūtis (f.) servitude
325 aliēnus, -a, -um belonging to another, other, strange, foreign
326 *cōram (prep. + abl.) in the presence of, in the sight of
327 scuptilis, -e sculpted; sculpted image, idol (n. as subst.)
328 simultudō, -inis (f.) likeness
329 dēsuper (adv.) above
330 deorsum (adv.) below
331 adorō (1) adore
332 colō, -ere, -uī, cultum worship
333 zēlōtēs, -ae (m.) jealous person, jealous one
334 vīsitō (1) see, visit; bring on (as a punishment)
335 inīquitās, -ātis (f.) evil
336 tertius, -a, -um third
337 quartus, -a, -um fourth
338 generatiō, -ōnis (f.) generation
339 ōdī, ōdisse hate (perfect as present)
317
318
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
38
misericordiam340 in millia341 his qui diligunt342 me et custodiunt343
praecepta mea.
(7) ‘Non assumes344 nomen Domini Dei tui in vanum.345 Nec
enim habebit insontem346 Dominus eum qui assumpserit nomen
Domini Dei sui frustra.347
(8) ‘Memento348 ut diem sabbati349 sanctifices.350 Sex351 diebus
operaberis352 et facies omnia opera tua. (10) Septimo353 autem die
sabbatum354 Domini Dei tui est. Non facies omne opus in eo, tu, et
filius tuus, et filia tua, servus355 tuus, et ancilla356 tua, jumentum357
tuum et advena358 qui est intra359 portas360 tuas. (11) Sex361 enim
diebus fecit Dominus caelum, et terram, et mare, et omnia quae in
eis sunt, et requievit362 in die septimo. Idcirco363 benedixit Dominus
diei sabbati364 et sanctificavit365 eum.
misericordia, -ae (f.) pity; et faciens … mea: and showing mercy to
thousands to those who love me and keep my commandments
341 mille, millia (mīlia) thousand
342 dīligō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum love
343 custōdiō, -īre, -īvī, -itum guard, watch over, keep
344 assūmō (adsūmō), -ere, -sumpsī, -sumptum take up, take
345 vanum, -ī (n.) vain, vainness
346 insons, -ontis innocent
347 frustrā (adv.) in vain
348meminī, meminisse remember (perfect as present); memento is
an imperative and leads into a jussive noun clause.
349 sabbatum, -ī (n.) Sabbath; dies sabbati: the day of the Sabbath
(epexegetical or defining genitive, P&W 113)
350 sanctificō (1) make holy, sanctify
351 sex six
352 operor (1) work
353 *septimus, -a, -um seventh
354 sabbatum, -ī (n.) sabbath
355 *servus, -ī (m.) slave, servant
356 ancilla, -ae (f.) handmaid
357 *jūmentum, -ī (n.) beast, cow
358 advena, -ae (m./f.) stranger
359 intrā (prep. + acc.) within
360 porta, -ae (f.) gate
361 sex six
362 requiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum rest
363 idcirco (adv.) therefore
364 *sabbatum, -ī (n.) sabbath
365 *sanctifiō (1) make holy, sancitfy
340
EXODUS
39
(12) ‘Honora366 patrem tuum et matrem tuam ut sis
longaevus367 super terram quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi.
(13) ‘Non occides.368 (14) Non moechaberis.369 (15) Non
furtum370 facies. (16) Non loqueris contra proximum371 tuum
falsum372 testimonium.373
(17) ‘Non concupisces374 domum proximi375 tui. Nec
desiderabis376 uxorem377 ejus, non servum, non ancillam,378 non
bovem, non asinum,379 nec omnia quae illius sunt.’”
honōrō (1) honor
longaevus, -a, -um long-lived
368 *occidō, -ere, occīdī, occīsum kill
369 moechor (1) commit adultery
370 furtum, -ī (n.) theft; Non furtum facies: you shall not steal
371 proximus, -a, -um nearby; neighbor (m. as subst.)
372 falsus, -a, -um false
373 testimōnium, -iī (n.) testimony, witness
374 concupiō, -ere desire, covet
375 proximus, -a, -um nearby; neighbor (m. as subst.)
376 dēsīderō (1) desire
377 uxor, -ōris (f.) wife
378 ancilla, -ae (f.) maid servant
379 asinus, -ī (m.) ass
366
367
I SAMUEL
DAVID AND GOLIATH (I SAMUEL 17:1-52A)
(17:1) Congregantes1 autem Philisthiim2 agmina3 sua in proelium4
convenerunt5 in Socho6 Judae,7 et castrametati sunt8 inter Socho et
Azeca9 in finibus10 Dommim.11 (2) Porro12 Saul13 et filii14 Israel
congregati venerunt in Vallem15 Terebinthi,16 et direxerunt aciem17
ad pugnandum18 contra19 Philisthiim. (3) Et Philisthiim stabant
super montem20 ex parte21 hac, et Israel stabat supra montem ex
altera parte, vallisque22 erat inter23 eos.
*congregō (1) gather together, congregate
Philisthiim (m. pl.) the Philistines
3 agmen, agminis (n.) battle line, army
4 proelium (praelium), -iī (n.) battle
5 conveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum come together, meet
6 Socho Socoh or Sochoh (a city in Judah)
7 Juda, -ae (f.) Judah (region west of the Dead Sea)
8 castramētor (1) encamp
9 Azeca Azeca or Azekah (a city in Judah)
10 fīnis, fīnis (m./f.) border, boundary; often “land” in pl.
11 Dommim Ephes Dommim (a region in Judah)
12 porrō (adv.) but, moreover, furthermore
13 Saul (m.) Saul, the first king of Israel
14 filius, -iī (m.) son
15 valles (vallis), vallis (f.) valley; Vallem Terebinthi: the Valley of
Terebinth
16 terebinthus, -ī (f.) a terebinth tree
17 aciēs, aciēī (f.) line, eyesight, battle line, army
18 pugnō (1) fight, battle; ad pugnandum: for fighting (ad + gerund to
express purpose)
19 *contrā (prep. + acc.) against, in the face of, towards, before
20 *mons, montis (m.) mountain
1
2
41
42
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
(4) Et egressus est vir spurius24 de castris25 Philisthinorum,26
nomine Goliath27 de Geth,28 altitudinis29 sex30 cubitorum31 et
palmi,32 (5) et cassis33 aerea34 super caput35 ejus, et lorica36
squamata37 induebatur.38 Porro39 pondus40 loricae ejus quinque41
millia42 siclorum43 aeris44 erat. (6) Et ocreas45 aereas46 habebat in
cruribus,47 et clipeus48 aereus tegebat49 umeros50 ejus. (7) Hastile51
autem hastae52 ejus erat quasi53 liciatorium54 texentium;55 ipsum
21 pars, partis (f.) part, portion; ex parte hac: on this side; ex altera
parte: on the other side
22 valles (vallis), vallis (f.) valley
23 inter (prep. + acc.) between, among
24 spurius, -iī (m.) ignoble or base person; bastard
25 castra, -ōrum (n. pl.) camp
26 Philisthīnus, -a, -um Philistine; a Philistine (m. as subst.)
27 Goliath (m.) Goliath
28 Geth Geth or Gath
29 altitūdō, -īnis (f.) height; altitudinis is a genitive of measure.
30 *sex six
31 cubitum, -ī (n.) or cubitus, -ī (m.) cubit (about 1 ½ feet)
32 palmus, -ī (m.) palm; span (breadth of twelve fingers)
33 cassis, cassidis (f.) helmet; understand erat.
34 aereus, -a, -um bronze
35 caput, capitis (n.) head
36 lōrīca, -ae (f.) breastplate
37 squāmātus, -a, -um with scales, scaly
38 induō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum clothe, put on; wear (passive as refl./mid.,
w. abl. of means)
39 porrō (adv.) but, moreover, furthermore
40 pondus, ponderis (n.) weight
41 quinque five
42 mille, millia (mīlia) thousand
43 siclus, -ī (m.) shekel (a coin)
44 aes, aeris (n.) bronze; aeris is a genitive of material.
45 ocrea, -ae (f.) greaves, shin armor
46 aereus, -a, -um bronze
47 crūs, crūris (n.) leg
48 clipeus (clypeus), -ī (m.) shield
49 tegō, -ere, texī, tectum cover
50 umerus, -ī (m.) shoulder
51 hastīle, -is (n.) shaft
52 hasta, -ae (f.) spear
53 quasi (conj. or adv.) as if, like, about, approximately
54 līciātōrium, -iī (n.) beam
I SAMUEL
43
autem ferrum56 hastae ejus sexcentos57 siclos58 habebat ferri. Et
armiger59 ejus antecedebat60 eum. (8) Stansque clamabat61
adversum62 phalangas63 Israel, et dicebat eis, “Quare64 venistis
parati65 ad proelium.66 Numquid67 ego non sum Philisthaeus68 et
vos servi Saul? Eligite69 ex vobis virum, et descendat ad singulare70
certamen.71 (9) Si quiverit72 pugnare73 mecum et percusserit me,
erimus vobis servi. Si autem ego praevaluero74 et percussero eum,
vos servi eritis et servietis75 nobis.”
(10) Et aiebat Philisthaeus, “Ego exprobravi76 agminibus77
Israel hodie.78 Date79 mihi virum, et ineat80 mecum singulare81
texō, -ere, texuī, textum weave; texentium: of weavers
ferrum, -ī (n.) iron, iron tip
57 sexcentī, -ae, -a six hundred
58 siclus, -ī (m.) shekel (a coin)
59 armiger, -era, -erum armor bearing; armor bearer (m. as subst.)
60 antecēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum go before
61 *clāmō (1) shout
62 *adversum or adversus (adv. or prep. + acc.) against, in front of
63 phalanga, -ae (f.) band, phalanx, battle line
64 *quārē (adv.) why
65 parō (1) prepare
66 proelium (praelium), -iī (n.) battle; ad proelium: for battle
67 numquid (adv.) (an interrogative word)
68 Philisthaeus, -ī (m.) a Philistine
69 ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlectum choose
70 singulāris, -e single
71 certāmen, -inis contest
72 queō, quīre, quīvī (quiī) be able, can
73 pugnō (1) fight, battle
74 praevaleō, -ēre, -uī prevail
75 serviō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum (+ dat.) serve
76 exprobrō (1) (+ dat.) insult, reproach, mock, defy
77 agmen, agminis (n.) battle line, army
78 hodiē (adv.) today
79 dō, dare, dedī, datum give
80 ineō, -īre, -ivī (-iī) go into, enter
81 singulāris, -e single
55
56
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
44
certamen.”82 Audiens autem Saul et omnes viri Israelitae83 sermones
Philisthaei hujuscemodi84 stupebant85 et metuebant86 nimis.
(12) David autem erat filius viri Ephrathaei,87 de quo supra88
dictum est, de Bethlehem89 Juda, cui erat nomen Isai,90 qui habebat
octo91 filios. Et erat vir in diebus Saul senex92 et grandaevus93 inter94
viros.
(13) Abierunt95 autem tres96 filii ejus majores97 post Saul in
proelium.98 Et nomina trium filiorum ejus qui perrexerunt99 ad
bellum100 Eliab,101 primogenitus,102 et secundus,103 Abinadab,104
tertiusque,105 Samma.106
(14) David autem erat minimus.107 Tribus ergo majoribus
secutis Saulem, abiit108 David et reversus est109 a Saul ut pasceret
certāmen, -inis contest
Isrāēlītae, -ārum (m. pl.) Israelites
84 hujusmodī or hūjuscemodī of such a kind; sermones Philisthaei
hujuscemodi: words of such a kind of the Philistine, such words of the Philistine
85 stupeō, -ēre, -uī be amazed
86 metuō, -ere, metuī, metūtum be afraid
87 Ephrathaeus, -a, -um Ephrathite, from Ephrathah
88 suprā (adv.) above; see I Samuel 16 for the story of the anointing of
David.
89 Bethlehem (n.) Bethlehem
90 Isai (m.) Jesse (David’s father)
91 octō eight
92 senex, senis (m.) old man
93 grandaevus, -a, -um old
94 inter (prep. + acc.) between, among
95 abeō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) go away
96 trēs, tria three
97 major, majus larger, older, greater (comparative of magnus)
98 *proelium (praelium), -iī (n.) battle
99 pergō, -ere, perrexī, perrectum proceed, go
100 bellum , -ī (n.) war
101 Eliab (m.) Eliab
102 primogenitus, -a, -um firstborn
103 *secundus, -a, -um second
104 Abinadab (m.) Abinadab
105 *tertius, -a, -um third
106 Samma (m.) Samma or Shammah
107 minimus, -a, -um smallest, youngest (superlative of parvus)
108 abeō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) go away
82
83
I SAMUEL
45
gregem110 patris sui in Bethlehem. (16) Procedebat111 vero112
Philisthaeus mane et vespere, et stabat quadraginta113 diebus.
(17) Dixit autem Isai ad David, filium suum, “Accipe
fratribus114 tuis ephi115 polentae116 et decem117 panes118 istos, et
curre119 in castra120 ad fratres tuos. (18) Et decem121 formellas122
casei123 has deferes124 ad tribunum,125 et fratres126 tuos visitabis127 si
recte agant, et cum quibus ordinati sint128 disce.”
(19) Saul autem, et illi, et omnes filii Israel, in Valle129
Terebinthi130 pugnabant131 adversum132 Philisthiim. (20) Surrexit133
itaque David mane, et commendavit134 gregem custodi,135 et
109
return
revertō (or revertor, etc.), -ere, -vertī, reversum come back,
*grex, gregis (m.) flock
prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum proceed
112 *vērō (adv.) but, truly
113 quādragintā forty; stabat quadraginta diebus: and he stood out for
forty days (abl. to express duration of time, instead of the acc. case, as in
Classical Latin, P&W 115)
114 frāter, fratris (m.) brother
115 ephi (n. indecl.) an ephah (about a bushel)
116 polenta, -ae (f.) peeled barley
117 decem ten
118 *pānis, pānis (m.) bread, loaf
119 currō, -ere, cucurrī run
120 castra, -ōrum (n. pl.) camp
121 decem ten
122 formella, -ae (f.) cheese, piece of cheese
123 cāseum, -ī (n.) cheese
124 dēferō, -ferre, -tūlī, -lātum offer, bring
125 tribūnus, -ī (m.) tribune, captain
126 *frāter, frātris (m.) brother; et fratres … agant: and you will see
your brothers, if they are doing well (fratres is a proleptic acc.; see A&G 576.)
127 vīsitō (1) see, visit; bring on (as a punishment)
128 ordinō (1) set in order, station. Why is ordinati sint subjunctive?
129 *valles (vallis), vallis (f.) valley
130 terebinthus, -ī (f.) a terebinth tree
131 *pugnō (1) fight, do battle
132 adversum or adversus (adv. or prep. + acc.) against, in front of, in
the presence of
133 *surgō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum rise up
134 commendō (1) entrust, hand over
135 custōs, -ōdis (m.) guard, keeper
110
111
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
46
onustus136 abiit,137 sicut138 praeceperat139 ei Isai. Et venit ad locum
Magala,140 et ad exercitum141 qui egressus ad pugnam142 vociferatus
erat143 in certamine.144 (21) Direxerat145 enim aciem146 Israel, sed et
Philisthiim ex adverso147 fuerant praeparati.148
(22) Derelinquens149 ergo David vasa150 quae attulerat sub
manu custodis151 ad sarcinas152 cucurrit153 ad locum certaminis, et
interrogabat154 si omnia recte agerentur erga155 fratres suos. (23)
Cumque adhuc156 ille loqueretur eis, apparuit157 vir ille spurius158
ascendens, Goliath nomine, Philisthaeus de Geth, de castris
Philisthinorum. Et loquente eo haec eadem verba audivit David.
(24) Omnes autem Israelitae, cum vidissent virum, fugerunt a
facie ejus, timentes eum valde.159 (25) Et dixit unus quispiam160 de
Israel, “Num161 vidistis virum hunc qui ascendit? Ad
onustus, -a, -um loaded, burdened
*abeō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) go away
138 sīcut (conj.) just as, as, like
139 praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum order
140 Magala Magala (a place in Canaan)
141 exercitus, -ūs (m.) army
142 pugna, -ae (f.) fight, battle
143 vōciferor (1) cry out
144 certāmen, -inis (n.) contest
145 dīrigō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum direct, command
146 aciēs, aciēī (f.) line, eyesight, battle line, army
147 adversum, -ī (n.) adversity; the opposite; ex adverso: against
148 praeparātus, -a, -um prepared
149 dērelinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
150 vāsa, -ōrum (n. pl.) vessels
151 custōs, custōdis (m.) guard, keeper
152 sarcina, -ae (f.) baggage
153 currō, -ere, cucurrī, cursum run
154 interrogō (1) ask
155 ergā (prep. + acc.) towards, with regard to; si omnia … suos: if all
was going well with his brothers
156 adhūc (adv.) still
157 *appareō, -ēre, -uī, -itum appear
158 spurius, -iī (m.) ignoble or base person; bastard
159 *valdē (adv.) very, greatly
160 quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiam (quidpiam, quippiam)
anyone/thing, someone/thing
161 *num (adv.) surely not (introduces a question expecting a “no”
answer
136
137
I SAMUEL
47
exprobrandum162 enim Israeli ascendit. Virum ergo qui percusserit
eum ditabit163 rex divitiis164 magnis, et filiam suam dabit ei, et
domum patris ejus faciet absque tributo165 in Israel.”
(26) Et ait David ad viros qui stabant secum dicens, “Quid
dabitur viro qui percusserit Philisthaeum hunc et tulerit
opprobrium166 de Israel? Quis enim est hic Philisthaeus
incircumcisus167 qui exprobravit168 acies169 Dei viventis?”
(27) Referebat170 autem ei populus eundem sermonem dicens,
“Haec dabuntur viro qui percusserit eum.” (28) Quod cum audisset
Eliab, frater ejus major,171 loquente eo cum aliis iratus172 est contra
David et ait, “Quare venisti, et quare derelinquisti173 pauculas174
oves illas in deserto?175 Ego novi superbiam176 tuam et nequitiam177
cordis178 tui quia ut videres proelium descendisti.”
(29) Et dixit David, “Quid feci? Numquid179 non verbum est?”
(30) Et declinavit180 paululum181 ab eo ad alium, dixitque eundem
sermonem. Et respondit ei populus verbum sicut prius.182 (31)
Audita sunt autem verba quae locutus est David, et annuntiata183 in
exprobrō (1) (+ dat.) insult, reproach, mock, defy
dītō (1) enrich
164 dīvitiae, -ārum (f.) wealth, riches
165 tribūtum, -ī (n.) tribute
166 opprobrium, -iī (n.) shame
167 incircumcīsus, -a, -um uncircumcised. Since the Jews were all
circumcised, “uncircumcised” would have the connotation of “heathen.”
168 *exprobrō (1) (+ dat.) insult, reproach, mock, defy
169 *aciēs, aciēī (f.) line, eyesight, battle line, army
170 referō, referre, rettulī, relātum refer, tell
171 *major, majus larger, older, greater (comparative of magnus)
172 *īrātus, -a, -um angry
173 *dērelinquō, -ere, -liquī, -lictum leave behind
174 pauculus, -a, -um few
175 dēsertum, -ī (n.) desert
176 superbia, -ae (f.) pride
177 nēquitia, -ae (f.) wickedness
178 cor, cordis (n.) heart
179 *numquid (an interrogative word); Numquid … est?: Isn’t there
reason?
180 dēclinō (1) go aside
181 paululum (paullulum) (adv.) a little
182 prius (adv.) earlier
183 annuntiō (1) announce; et annuntiata [sunt] in conspectu Saul:
and they (the words) were announced in the presence of Saul
162
163
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
48
conspectu184 Saul. (32) Ad quem cum fuisset adductus,185 locutus
est ei, “Non concidat186 cor187 cujusquam188 in eo. Ego servus tuus
vadam et pugnabo adversus Philisthaeum.”
(33) Et ait Saul ad David, “Non vales189 resistere190 Philisthaeo
isti, nec pugnare adversum eum quia puer191 es. Hic autem vir
bellator192 est ab adulescentia193 sua.” (34) Dixitque David ad Saul,
“Pascebat servus tuus patris sui gregem. Et veniebat leo194 vel
ursus195 et tollebat196 arietem197 de medio gregis, (35) et
persequebar198 eos, et percutiebam, eruebamque199 de ore200 eorum.
Et illi consurgebant201 adversum me, et apprehendebam202
mentum203 eorum, et suffocabam,204 interficiebamque205 eos. (36)
Nam206 et leonem207 et ursum208 interfeci209 ego, servus tuus. Erit
igitur et Philisthaeus hic incircumcisus210 quasi211 unus ex eis.
*conspectus, -ūs (m.) sight
addūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring to; fuisset adductus =
adductus esset
186 concidō, -ere, -cidī fall, be disheartened
187 cor, cordis (n.) heart
188 *quisquam, quaequam, quidquam (quicquam) anyone/thing
189 valeō, -ēre, -uī be strong, be able
190 resistō, -ere, restitī oppose, stand against, resist
191 puer, puerī (m.) boy, slave
192 bellātor, -ōris (m.) warrior
193 adulescentia (adolescentia), -ae (f.) youth
194 leō, leōnis (m.) lion
195 ursus, -ī (m.) bear
196 tollō, -ere, sustulī, sublātum take away
197 ariēs, -ētis (m.) ram
198 persequor, -sequī, -secūtus sum pursue, persecute
199 ēruō, -ere, -uī, ērutum deliver
200 ōs, ōris (n.) mouth
201 consurgō, -ere, -surrexī, -surrectum rise up, get up
202 apprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hensum grab, seize
203 mentum, -ī (n.) chin, throat
204 suffocō (1) choke, suffocate
205 interficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum kill
206 nam (conj.) for
207 leō, leōnis (m.) lion
208 ursus, -ī (m.) bear
209 *interficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum kill
210 *incircumcīsus, -a, -um uncircumcised
211 quasi (conj. or adv.) as if, like, about, approximately
184
185
I SAMUEL
49
Nunc212 vadam213 et auferam214 opprobrium215 populi, quoniam216
quis217 est iste218 Philisthaeus incircumcisus219 qui ausus est220
maledicere221 exercitui222 Dei viventis.”
(37) Et ait David, “Dominus qui eripuit223 me de manu
leonis224 et de manu ursi,225 ipse me liberavit226 de manu Philisthaei
hujus.” Dixit autem Saul ad David, “Vade, et Dominus tecum sit.”
(38) Et induit227 Saul David vestimentis228 suis, et imposuit229
galeam230 aeream231 super caput232 ejus, et vestivit233 eum lorica.234
(39) Accintus235 ergo David gladio236 ejus super vestem237 suam
coepit238 temptare239 si armatus240 posset incedere,241 non enim
*nunc (adv.) now
*vadō, -ere, vāsī go
214 auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātum take away
215 opprobrium, -iī (n.) shame
216 quōniam (adv. or conj.) since, that
217 quis, quid who, what
218 iste, ista, istud that person/thing
219 *incircumcīsus, -a, -um uncircumcised
220 audeō, -ēre, ausus sum dare
221 maledīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum curse
222 *exercitus, -ūs (m.) army
223 ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum rescue, deliver
224 *leō, leōnis (m.) lion
225 *ursus, -ī (m.) bear
226 *līberō (1) free
227 induō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum clothe, put on, wear (passive as refl./mid.,
w. abl. of means); induit … suis: Saul clothed David with his own garments.
228 vestīmentum, -ī (n.) garment, clothing
229 impōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put on
230 galea, -ae (f.) helmet
231 aereus, -a, -um bronze
232 *caput, capitis (n.) head
233 vestiō, -īre clothe, put on
234 lōrīca, -ae (f.) breastplate
235 accingo, -ere, accinxī, accinctum gird, put on
236 gladius, -iī (m.) sword
237 *vestis, vestis (f.) garment, clothing
238 coepī, coepisse begin (perfect as present)
239 temptō (tentō) (1) test, try, attempt
240 armātus, -a, -um armed
241 incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum go forward
212
213
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
50
habebat consuetudinem.242 Dixitque David ad Saul, “Non possum
sic incedere quia non usum243 habeo.” Et deposuit244 ea, (40) et tulit
baculum245 suum quem semper246 habebat in manibus, et elegit247
sibi quinque limpidissimos248 lapides249 de torrente,250 et misit eos in
peram251 pastoralem252 quam habebat secum. Et fundam253 manu
tulit, et processit254 adversum Philisthaeum. (41) Ibat255 autem
Philisthaeus incedens256 et appropinquans257 adversum David et
armiger258 ejus ante259 eum. (42) Cumque inspexisset260 Philisthaeus
et vidisset David, despexit261 eum, erat enim adulescens262 rufus263
et pulcher aspectu.264 (43) Et dixit Philisthaeus ad David,
“Numquid ego canis265 sum quod tu venis ad me cum baculo?”266
Et maledixit267 Philisthaeus David in diis suis.268 (44) Dixitque ad
consuētūdō, -inis (n.) custom; non … consuetudinem: for he was
not accustomed to it
243 usus, -ūs (m.) use; non usum habeo: I am not used to it.
244 dēpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put down
245 baculus, -ī (m.) or baculum, -ī (n.) staff, stick
246 semper (adv.) always
247 ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlectum choose
248 limpidus, -a, -um smooth
249 lapis, -idis (m.) stone
250 torrens, -entis (m.) stream
251 pēra, -ae (f.) bag, pouch
252 pastōrālis, -e belonging or relating to a shepherd
253 funda, -ae (f.) slingshot
254 prōcēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum proceed
255 eō, īre, īvī (iī), itum go
256 incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum go forward
257 appropinquō (1) approach
258 armiger, -era, -erum armor bearing; armor bearer (m. as subst.)
259 ante (prep. + acc.) in front of, before
260 inspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
261 dēspiciō, -ere -spexī, -spectum despise
262 adulescens (adolescens), -entis (m./f.) young man or woman
263 rūfus, -a, -um red, ruddy
264 aspectus, -ūs (m.) countenance, face, appearance; aspectu is an
abl. of specification.
265 canis, canis (m.) dog
266 baculus, -ī (m.) or baculum, -ī (n.) staff, stick
267 maledīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum curse
242
I SAMUEL
51
David, “Veni ad me, et dabo269 carnes270 tuas volatilibus caeli et
bestiis terrae.”
(45) Dixit autem David ad Philisthaeum, “Tu venis ad me cum
gladio,271 et hasta,272 et clipeo.273 Ego autem venio ad te in nomine
Domini exercituum, Dei agminum274 Israel, quibus exprobrasti. (46)
Hodie275 et dabit te Dominus in manu mea,276 et percutiam te, et
auferam277 caput tuum a te, et dabo cadavera278 castrorum
Philisthiim hodie volatilibus caeli et bestiis terrae ut sciat279 omnis
terra quia est Deus in Israel. (47) Et noverit universa ecclesia280
haec quia non in gladio281 nec in hasta282 salvat283 Dominus. Ipsius
enim est bellum284 et tradet vos in manus nostras.”285
(48) Cum ergo surrexisset Philisthaeus, et veniret, et
appropinquaret286 contra David, festinavit287 David, et cucurrit288 ad
pugnam289 ex adverso290 Philisthaei. (49) Et misit manum suam in
in diis suis: “by his gods” (DR); in is sometimes used with an
object in the abl. where an abl. of means would be used in Classical Latin
(P&W 22b).
269 *dō, dare, dedī, datum give
270 carō, carnis (f.) meat, flesh
271 gladius, -iī (m.) sword
272 hasta, -ae (f.) spear
273 clipeus (clypeus), -ī (m.) shield
274 *agmen, agminis (n.) battle line, army; in nomine … Israel: “in
the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel” (DR)
275 hodiē (adv.) today
276 in manu mea: into my hand; in Classical Latin the acc. case would
be used.
277 auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablatum take away
278 cadāver, -eris (n.) corpse
279 *sciō, scīre, scīvī (sciī), scītum know
280 ecclēsia, -ae (f.) church, assembly
281 *gladius, -iī (m.) sword; non in gladio nec in hasta: not by sword
or by spear (in + abl. to express means, P&W 22b)
282 *hasta, -ae (f.) spear
283 salvō (1) save
284 *bellum, -ī (n.) war
285 noster, nostra, nostrum our
286 appropinquō (1) approach
287 festinō (1) hurry
288 *currō, -ere, cucurrī, cursum run
289 pugna, -ae (f.) battle
290 *adversum, -ī (n.) adversity; the opposite side; ex adverso: against
268
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
52
peram,291 tulitque unum lapidem,292 et funda293 jecit,294 et
circumducens295 percussit Philisthaeum in fronte, et infixus est296
lapis in fronte ejus. Et cecidit297 in faciem suam super terram. (50)
Praevaluitque298 David adversum Philisthaeum in funda299 et
lapide,300 percussumque Philisthaeum interfecit.301
Cumque302 gladium non haberet in manu, David (51) cucurrit
et stetit super Philisthaeum, et tulit gladium ejus, et eduxit eum de
vagina303 sua, et interfecit eum, praeciditque304 caput ejus.
pēra, -ae (f.) bag, pouch
lapis, -idis (m.) stone
293 funda, -ae (f.) sling, slingshot
294 jaciō, -ere, jēcī, jactum throw
295 circumducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead around; swing around
296 infīgō, -ere, infixī, infixum drive in, thrust in
297 cadō, -ere, cecidī, cāsum fall
298 praevaleō, -ēre, -uī prevail
299 *funda, -ae (f.) sling, slingshot;
in funda et lapide: with the
slingshot and the stone
300 *lapis, -idis (m.) stone
301 *interficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -factum kill
302 Cumque: and since (cum causal)
291
292
I SAMUEL
53
Videntes autem Philisthiim quod mortuus esset305
fortissimus306 eorum fugerunt. (52) Et consurgentes307 viri Israel et
Juda vociferati sunt308 et persecuti sunt309 Philisthaeos…
vāgīna, -ae (f.) sheath
praecidō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsum cut off
305 morior, morī, mortuus sum die
306 fortis, -e brave
307 consurgō, -ere, -surrexī, -surrectum rise up, get up
308 *vōciferor (1) cry out
309 persequor, -sequī, -secutus sum pursue, persecute
303
304
JOB
I. JOB’S TRIAL (JOB 1:1-2:10)
(1:1) Vir erat in terra Hus1 nomine Job,2 et erat vir ille simplex,3 et
rectus,4 ac5 timens Deum, et recedens6 a malo. (2) Natique sunt7 ei
septem filii et tres8 filiae. (3) Et fuit possessio9 ejus septem millia10
ovium et tres millia camelorum,11 quingenta12 quoque juga13 boum,
et quingentae asinae,14 ac familia15 multa nimis. Eratque vir ille
magnus inter omnes orientales.16 (4) Et ibant17 filii ejus et faciebant
convivium18 per domos, unusquisque19 in die suo, et mittentes
vocabant tres sorores20 suas ut comederent21 et biberent22 cum eis.
1 Hus Hus or Uz (an unknown land, perhaps Edom, south of the
Dead Sea)
2 Job (m.) Job
3 simplex, simplicis simple, pure
4 rectus, -a, -um upright, good
5 ac or atque (conj.) and
6 recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum withdraw, avoid, shun
7 nascor, nascī, nātus sum be born
8 trēs, tria three
9 possessiō, -ōnis (f.) possession
10 *mille, millia (mīlia) thousand
11 camēlus, -ī (m.) camel
12 quingentī, -ae, -a five hundred
13 jugum, -ī (n.) yoke, pair; juga boum: yoke of cattle. boum is genitive
plural.
14 asina, -ae (f.) she-ass
15 familia, -ae (f.) family, household (including slaves); multa familia
nimis: a very great family. Consider multa as the equivalent of magna.
16 orientālis, -e east, eastern, of the east
17 eō, īre, īvī (iī), itum go
18 convīvium, -iī (n.) party, banquet
55
56
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
(5) Cumque in orbem23 transissent24 dies convivii,25 mittebat
ad eos Job et sanctificabat illos. Consurgensque26 diluculo27
offerebat28 holocausta29 pro singulis,30 dicebat enim, “Ne31 forte32
peccaverint33 filii mei et benedixerint Deo in cordibus34 suis.” Sic
faciebat Job cunctis diebus.
(6) Quadam35 autem die, cum venissent filii Dei ut assisterent36
coram Domino, adfuit37 inter eos etiam Satan.38 (7) Cui dixit
Dominus, “Unde39 venis?” Qui respondens ait, “Circuivi40 terram,
et perambulavi41 eam.”
(8) Dixitque Dominus ad eum, “Numquid considerasti42
servum meum Job, quod non sit ei similis43 in terra, homo
19 unusquisque every one; unusquisque in die suo: each one on his
day, i.e., each one took turns.
20 soror, -ōris (f.)
21 uncomedō, -ere eat together
22 bibō, -ere, bibī, bibitum drink
23 orbis, orbis (f.) world, earth
24 transeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum cross over, pass by; in orbem: in their
cycle
25 *convīvium, -iī (n.) party, banquet
26 consurgō, -ere, -surrexī, -surrectum rise up, get up
27 dīlūculō (adv.) early, in the morning
28 offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblātum offer, bring forward
29 holocaustum, -ī (n.) holocaust, burnt offering
30 singulus, -a, -um each every; pro singulis: for each one
31 Ne … suis: lest by chance my sons have sinned and cursed God in their
hearts. This construction is probably a fear clause with an understood verb
of fear ([I fear] lest …). Note that here as well as elsewhere the euphemism
“bless” is used in place of “curse.”
32 fortē (adv.) by chance, perhaps
33 peccō (1) sin
34 *cor, cordis (n.) heart
35 *quīdam, quaedam, quoddam (quiddam) a certain person/thing
36 assistō, -ere, astitī stand near
37 *adsum, adesse, adfuī be present
38 Satan (m.) Satan
39 unde (adv.) whence, from where
40 circueō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) go around
41 perambulō (1) walk over
42 consīderō (1) look upon, consider; Numquid … terra: Have you
considered my servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth?
43 *similis, -e same, similar
JOB
57
simplex,44 et rectus,45 et timens Deum, et recedens46 a malo?” (9)
Cui respondens Satan ait, “Numquid Job frustra47 timet Deum?
(10) Nonne48 tu vallasti49 eum, ac domum ejus, universamque
substantiam50 per circuitum,51 operibus manuum ejus benedixisti, et
possessio52 ejus crevit in terra? (11) Sed extende53 paululum54
manum tuam, et tange55 cuncta quae possidet,56 nisi57 in faciem
benedixerit tibi.”
(12) Dixit ergo Dominus ad Satan, “Ecce! Universa quae
habet in manu tua sunt. Tantum58 in eum ne extendas59 manum
tuam.” Egressusque est Satan a facie Domini.
(13) Cum autem quadam die filii et filiae ejus comederent60 et
biberent61 vinum62 in domo fratris sui primogeniti,63 (14) nuntius64
venit ad Job, qui diceret,65 “Boves arabant,66 et asinae67 pascebantur
juxta eos, (15) et irruerunt68 Sabaei,69 tuleruntque omnia, et pueros70
percusserunt gladio, et evasi71 ego solus ut nuntiarem72 tibi.”
simplex, simplicis simple, pure
rectus, -a, -um upright, good
46 recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum withdraw, avoid, shun
47 frustrā (adv.) in vain
48 nonne (adv.) introduces a question expecting a “yes” answer
49 vallō (1) fortify, make a hedge around, protect; vallasti = vallavisti
50 substantia, -ae (f.) substance, goods
51 circuitus, -ūs (m.) circuit; per circuitum “round about” (DR)
52 possessiō, -ōnis (f.) possession
53 extendō, -ere, extendī, extensum (extentum) extend
54 paululum (paullulum) (adv.) a little
55 tangō, -ere, tetigī, tactum touch
56 possideō, -ēre, -sēdī, -sessum possess
57 nisi (conj.) except, unless, if not; nisi … tibi: “and see if he blesseth
thee not to thy face” (DR). The “see” is understood. Note again the
euphemism of “bless” for “curse.”
58 tantum (adv.) only
59 extendō, -ere, extendī, extensum (extentum) extend
60 comedō, -ere (-esse), -ēdī, -ēsum (estum) eat with, eat together
61 bibō, -ere, bibī, bibitum drink
62 vīnum, -ī (n.) wine
63 *prīmogenitus, -a, -um firstborn
64 nuntius, -iī (m.) messenger
65 qui diceret: who said (relative clause of purpose)
66 arō (1) plow
67 asina, -ae (f.) she-ass
68 irruō, -ere, -uī rush upon
44
45
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
58
(16) Cumque adhuc73 ille loqueretur, venit alter et dixit,
“Ignis74 Dei cecidit75 e caelo et tactas76 oves puerosque consumpsit.
Et effugi77 ego solus78 ut nuntiarem79 tibi.” (17) Sed et illo adhuc
loquente, venit alius et dixit, “Chaldaei80 fecerunt tres turmas81 et
invaserunt82 camelos,83 et tulerunt eos, necnon84 et pueros85
percusserunt gladio. Et ego fugi solus86 ut nuntiarem87 tibi.”
(18) Adhuc loquebatur ille, et ecce! alius intravit88 et dixit,
“Filiis tuis et filiabus89 vescentibus90 et bibentibus91 vinum92 in
domo fratris sui primogeniti, (19) repente93 ventus94 vehemens95
irruit96 a regione97 deserti98 et concussit99 quattuor100 angulos101
Sabaeus, -ī (m.) a Sabean
*puer, puerī (m.) boy, slave
71 ēvādō, -ere, ēvāsī, ēvāsum escape
72 nuntiō (1) announce; ut nuntiarem tibi: to announce [the news] to you
(purpose or result clause)
73 adhūc (adv.) still
74 ignis, ignis (m.) fire
75 cadō, -ere, cecidī, cāsum fall
76 tangō, -ere, tetigī, tactum touch
77 effugiō, -ere, effūgī flee
78 sōlus, -a, -um alone
79 nuntiō (1) announce
80 Chaldaeus, -a, -um Chaldean; a Chaldean, astrologer (m. as subst.)
81 turma, -ae (f.) band, troop
82 invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsum invade, fall upon
83 camēlus, -ī (m.) camel
84 necnon (conj.) and also, likewise, certainly
85 pueros: servants
86 *sōlus, -a, -um alone
87 *nuntiō (1) announce
88 intrō (1) enter, come into
89 filiabus is the feminine to distinguish from filiis, masculine.
90 *vescor, vescī (+ abl.) feed on, eat
91 *bibō, -ere, bibī, bibitum drink
92 vīnum, -ī (n.) wine
93 repentē (adv.) suddenly
94 ventus, -ī (m.) wind
95 vehemens, -entis violent
96 irruō, -ere, -uī rush upon
97 regiō, -ōnis (f.) region
98 *dēsertum, -ī (n.) desert
99 concutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike
69
70
JOB
59
domus quae corruens102 oppressit liberos103 tuos et mortui sunt.104
Et effugi105 ego solus ut nuntiarem tibi.”
(20) Tunc106 surrexit Job, et scidit107 vestimenta sua, et tonso108
capite109 corruens110 in terram adoravit111 (21) et dixit, “Nudus112
egressus sum de utero113 matris meae, et nudus revertar114 illuc.115
Dominus dedit, Dominus abstulit.116 Sicut117 Domino placuit,118 ita
factum est. Sit nomen Domini benedictum.”119
(22) In omnibus his non peccavit120 Job labiis suis, neque
stultum121 quid122 contra Deum locutus est.
(2:1) Factum est autem cum quadam die venissent filii Dei, et
starent coram Domino, venisset quoque Satan inter eos et staret in
conspectu ejus, (2) ut diceret Dominus ad Satan, “Unde123 venis?”
Qui respondens ait, “Circuivi124 terram et perambulavi125 eam. (3)
quattuor four
angulus, -ī (m.) angle, corner
102 corruō, -ere, -uī fall, fall down
103 liberī, -ōrum (m. pl.) children
104 *morior, morī, mortuus sum die
105 effugiō, -ere, -fūgī flee
106 tunc (adv.) then
107 scindō, -ere, scidī, scissum tear
108 tondeō, -ēre, totondī, tonsum shear, cut hair
109 *caput, capitis (n.) head
110 corruō, -ere, -uī fall down
111 adōrō (1) adore, worship
112 nūdus, -a, -um nude, naked
113 uterus, -ī (m.) womb
114 *revertō (or revertor, etc.), -ere, -vertī, -versum come back,
return
115 illūc (adv.) there, thither
116 *auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātum take away
117 *sīcut (conj.) just as, as, like
118 placeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum please
119 benedīctus, -a, -um blessed
120 *peccō (1) sin
121 stultus, -a, -um stupid
122 aliquis, aliquid (quis, quid after si, nisi, num, or ne)
anyone/thing
123 unde (adv.) whence, from where
124 circueō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go around
125 perambulō (1) walk over
100
101
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
60
Et dixit Dominus ad Satan, “Numquid considerasti126 servum
meum Job, quod non sit ei similis in terra, vir simplex127 et rectus,128
ac129 timens Deum, ac recedens130 a malo et adhuc retinens131
innocentiam?132 Tu autem commovisti133 me adversus eum ut
affligerem134 eum frustra.”135
(4) Cui respondens Satan ait, “Pellem136 pro pelle et cuncta
quae habet homo dabit pro anima sua. (5) Alioquin137 mitte manum
tuam et tange138 os139 ejus et carnem,140 et tunc141 videbis quod in
faciem142 benedicat tibi.”
(6) Dixit ergo Dominus ad Satan, “Ecce! In manu tua est,
verumtamen143 animam illius serva.”
(7) Egressus igitur Satan a facie Domini, percussit Job ulcere144
pessimo145 a planta146 pedis147 usque148 ad verticem149 ejus. (8) Qui
testa150 saniem151 radebat,152 sedens153 in sterquilinio.154 (9) Dixit
*consīderō (1) look upon, consider
*simplex, simplicis simple, pure
128 *rectus, -a, -um upright, good
129 *ac or atque (conj.) and
130 *recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum withdraw, avoid, shun
131 retineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum hold back, keep
132 innocentia, -ae (f.) innocence
133 commoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtum move, stir up
134 *afflīgō, -ere, -flixī, -flictum afflict
135 *frustrā (adv.) in vain
136 pellis, pellis (f.) skin
137 aliōquin (adv.) otherwise
138 *tangō, -ere, tetigī, tactum touch
139 os, ossis (n.) bone
140 *carō, carnis (f.) meat, flesh
141 *tunc (adv.) then
142 in faciem: to your face
143 vērumtamen (conj.) nevertheless
144 ulcus, ulceris (n.) boil, sore
145 pessimus, -a, -um worst (superlative of bonus)
146 planta, -ae (f.) sole
147 pēs, pedis (m.) foot
148 usque (adv.) all the way
149 vertex, verticis (m.) top, top of the head
150 testa, -ae (f.) potsherd, pottery fragment
151 saniēs, saniēī (f.) infection, sore
152 rādō, -ere, rasī, rasum scrape
153 sedeō, -ēre, sēdī, sessum sit
126
127
JOB
61
autem illi uxor155 sua, “Adhuc tu permanes156 in simplicitate157 tua?
Benedic Deo et morere!”158
(10) Qui ait ad illam, “Quasi159 una de stultis160 mulieribus
locuta es. Si bona suscepimus161 de manu Dei, mala quare non
suscipiamus?”162 In omnibus his non peccavit Job labiis163 suis.
[In the following passages Job is visited by three friends who
try to comfort him but in the process suggest that Job is being
punished for sin that he will not admit to. Job curses the day of his
birth, complains of his afflictions, expresses a desire to die, and
seeks to make his case before God. Job ultimately retains his faith,
however, as is seen in the following passage in which he addresses
his friends.]
II. JOB’S EXPRESSION OF TRUST IN GOD (JOB 19:20-28)
(19:20) “Pelli164 meae, consumptis carnibus, adhaesit165 os166 meum,
et derelicta sunt167 tantummodo168 labia169 circa170 dentes171 meos.
(21) Miseremini172 mei, miseremini mei, saltem173 vos amici174 mei,
sterquilīnium, -iī (n.) dung heap
*uxor, -ōris (f.) wife
156 permaneō, -ēre, -mansī, -mansum remain, persist
157 simplicitas, -ātis (f.) simplicity, purity
158 benedic … morere: curse God and die. (Dico has an irregular
imperative, dic. “Dic, duc, fac, fer, there should be an ‘e’ but it isn’t
there.”)
159 *quasi (conj. or adv.) as if, like, about approximately; quasi …
stultis: like one of the stupid women, as if you were stupid
160 stultus, -a, -um stupid
161 suscipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum undertake, receive
162 mala quare non suscipiamus: why shouldn’t we receive evil?
(deliberative subjunctive)
163 labium, -iī (n.) lip
164 pellis, pellis (f.) skin; pelli … meum: with my flesh having been
consumed, my bone clings to my skin
165 adhaereō, -ēre, adhaesī, adhaesum cling
166 os, ossis (n.) bone
167 dērelinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
168 tantummodo (adv.) only
169 labium, -iī (n.) lip
170 circā (prep. + acc.) around
171 dens, dentis (m.) tooth
172 *misereor, -ērī, misertus (miseritus) sum
154
155
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
62
quia manus Domini tetigit me. (22) Quare persequimini175 me sicut
Deus et carnibus meis saturmini?176 (23) Quis177 mihi tribuat178 ut
scribantur179 sermones mei? Quis180 mihi det ut exarentur181 in
libro,182 (24) stilo183 ferreo184 et plumbi185 lamina,186 vel187 celte188
sculpantur189 in silice.190
(25) “Scio enim quod Redemptor191 meus vivit et in
novissimo192 die de terra surrecturus sum.193 (26) Et rursum
circumdabor194 pelle195 mea, et in carne mea videbo Deum meum.
(27) Quem visurus sum ego ipse, et oculi196 mei conspecturi sunt197
et non alius. Reposita est198 haec spes199 mea in sinu200 meo.
saltem (adv.) at least, anyhow, surely
amīcus, -ī (m.) friend
175 *persequor, -sequī, -secutus sum pursue, persecute
176 saturō (1) fill; fill oneself with (passive as refl./mid.)
177 *quis, quid who what
178 tribuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum give, grant; Quis … mei?: who would grant
me that my words may be written? Tribuat is a deliberative subjunctive, and it
leads into a noun clause of desire.
179 scribō, -ere, scripsī, scriptum write
180 Quis mihi det: who would grant me; what type of construction?
181 exarō (1) write
182 liber, librī (m.) book
183 stilus (sylus), -ī (m.) pen
184 ferreus, -a, -um iron
185 plumbum, -ī (n.) lead
186 lāmina (lammina), -ae (f.) plate, metal plate
187 vel (conj. or adv.) or, even
188 celtis, -is (m.) chisel
189 sculpō, -ere, sculpsī, sculptum sculpt, chisel, carve
190 silex, silicis (m.) flint, stone
191 redemptor, -ōris (m.) redeemer
192 novus, -a, -um new; novissimo die: on the last day
193 surrecturus sum: I shall rise (future active periphrastic)
194 circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datum encompass, surround
195 *pellis, pellis (f.) skin
196 oculus, -ī (m.) eye
197 conspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum see, look at
198 repōnō, -ere, -posui, -positum lay up, store
199 spēs, speī (f.) hope
200 sinus, -ūs (m.) bosom, breast
173
174
JOB
63
[Eventually God visits Job and tells him that he cannot
understand his ways. God condemns the words of Job’s friends
and restores Job’s health and previous good fortune.]
PSALMS
I. PSALM 1
(1) Beatus vir1 qui non abiit in consilio2 impiorum,3 et in via4
peccatorum5 non stetit, et in cathedra6 pestilentiae7 non sedit.8 (2)
Sed9 in lege10 Domini voluntas11 eius, et in lege ejus meditabitur12
die ac nocte.
(3) Et erit tamquam13 lignum quod plantatum est14 secus15
decursus16 aquarum quod fructum suum dabit in tempore suo, et
folium17 ejus non defluet,18 et omnia quaecumque19 faciet
prosperabuntur.20
Beatus vir: supply est.
consilium, -iī (n.) plan, advice, counsel
3 impius, -a, -um wicked, impious
4 via, -ae (f.) road, way
5 peccātor, -ōris (m.) sinner
6 cathedra, -ae (f.) seat, chair
7 pestilentia, -ae (f.) pestilence
8 *sedeō, -ēre, sēdī, sessum sit
9 sed (conj.) but
10 lex, lēgis (f.) law
11 voluntās, -ātis (f.) will; voluntas is the subject of an understood
1
2
est.
meditor (1) meditate
tamquam (tanquam) (conj.) like
14 plantō (1) plant
15 secus (prep. + acc.) by, beside
16 dēcursus, -ūs (m.) a flowing down, stream
17 folium, -iī (n.) leaf, foliage
18 dēfluō, -ere, -fluxī pass away, wither
19 quicumque, quaecumque, quodcumque whoever, whatever
20 prosperō (or prosperor, etc.) (1) prosper (here used as a deponent)
12
13
65
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
66
(4) Non sic21 impii,22 non sic; sed tamquam23 pulvis24 quem
projicit25 ventus26 a facie terrae. (5) Ideo27 non resurgent28 impii29 in
judicio,30 neque peccatores31 in concilio32 justorum,33 (6) quoniam34
novit Dominus viam35 justorum,36 et iter37 impiorum peribit.38
II. PSALM 21 (22)39
(1) In finem,40 pro41 susceptione42 matutina,43 psalmus44 David.
(2) Deus,45 Deus meus, respice46 in me. Quare me dereliquisti?
Longe47 a salute48 mea verba rugitus49 mei. (3) Deus meus, clamabo
per diem, et non exaudies,50 et nocte nec est silentium.51
sīc (adv.) thus, so
impius, -a, -um wicked, impious; impii: supply sunt
23 tamquam (tanquam) (conj.) like
24 pulvis, pulveris (m.) dust
25 projiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast forth
26 *ventus, -ī (m.) wind
27 ideō (adv.) therefore
28 resurgō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum rise again
29 *impius, -a, -um wicked, impious
30 jūdicium, -iī (n.) judgment, good judgment
31 peccātor, -ōris (m.) sinner
32 concilium, -iī (n.) council
33 justus, -a, -um just; just person (m. as subst.)
34 quoniam (conj.) since, that
35 via, -ae (f.) road, way
36 justus, -a, -um just; just person (m. as subst.)
37 iter, itineris (n.) trip
38 pereō, -īre, -iī, -itum perish
39 The Vulgate numbering of most of the Psalms differs slightly from
most other versions, such as the King James. The number given in
parentheses represents the numbering for these other versions.
40 fīnis, fīnis (m./f.) end, boundary; often “land” in plural; In finem
… David: “Unto the end, for the morning protection, a psalm of David”
(DR)
41 prō (prep. + abl.) for, on behalf of
42 susceptiō, -ōnis (f.) a taking in hand, reception, protection
43 mātūtīnus, -a, -um morning
44 psalmus, -ī (m.) psalm, song
45 Deus is a vocative.
46 respiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
21
22
PSALMS
67
(4) Tu autem in sancto52 habitas,53 laus54 Israel. (5) In te
speraverunt55 patres nostri,56 speraverunt et liberasti eos. (6) Ad te
clamaverunt et salvi57 facti sunt. In te speraverunt, et non sunt
confusi.58
(7) Ego autem sum vermis59 et non homo, opprobrium60
hominum et abjectio61 plebis.62 (8) Omnes videntes me deriserunt63
me; locuti sunt labiis;64 moverunt caput,65 “Speravit66 in Domino;
eripiat67 eum; salvum68 faciat eum, quoniam69 vult70 eum.”
(10) Quoniam71 tu es qui extraxisti72 me de ventre,73 spes74 mea
ab uberibus75 matris76 meae. (11) In te projectus sum77 ex utero,78
47 longē (adv.) far, from afar; Longe … mei: far from my safety are the
words of my groaning (sunt understood; I have followed the Hebrew version
here and with nec est silentium in verse 3.)
48 salūs, salūtis (f.) health, safety, salvation
49 rugītus, -ūs (m.) roaring, groaning
50 exaudiō, -īre, -iī (-īvī), -ītum hear favorably
51 silentium, -iī (n.) silence
52 sanctum, -ī (n.) holy place, sanctuary, temple
53 *habitō (1) live
54 laus, laudis (f.) praise
55 spērō (1) hope
56 noster, nostra, nostrum our
57 salvus, -a, -um saved, safe, whole
58 confundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsum put to shame, confuse, disturb
59 vermis, vermis (m.) worm
60 *opprobrium, -iī (n.) shame
61 abjectiō, -ōnis (f.) outcast
62 plebs, plēbis (f.) people
63 dērīdeō, -ēre, -rīsī, -rīsum deride, laugh at
64 *labium, -iī (n.) lip
65 moverunt caput: shook their heads (in scorn)
66 spērō (1) hope
67 ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum rescue, deliver
68 salvus, -a, -um saved, safe, whole
69 quoniam (conj.) since, that
70 *volō, velle, voluī wish, want, like, love
71 *quōniam (conj.) since, that
72 extrahō, -ere, extraxī, extractum draw out, bring out
73 venter, ventris (m.) stomach, womb
74 spēs, speī (f.) hope
75 ūber, -eris (n.) breast
76 *māter, matris (f.) mother
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
68
de ventre79 matris meae Deus meus es tu. (12) Ne discesseris80 a
me, quoniam tribulatio81 proxima est, quoniam non est qui
adjuvet.82 (13) Circumdederunt83 me vituli84 multi; tauri85 pingues
obsederunt86 me. (14) Aperuerunt87 super me os88 suum, sicut leo
rapiens89 et rugiens.90
(15) Sicut aqua effusus sum,91 et dispersa sunt92 omnia ossa93
mea. Factum est cor meum tamquam94 cera95 liquescens96 in medio
ventris97 mei. (16) Aruit98 tamquam testa99 virtus100 mea, et lingua101
mea adhaesit102 faucibus103 meis, et in pulverem104 mortis105
deduxisti106 me. (17) Quoniam circumdederunt107 me canes108 multi.
*projiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast forth
uterus, -ī (m.) womb
79 venter, ventris (m.) stomach, womb
80 discēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum depart; ne discesseris: may you not
depart (perfect subjunctive in a negative command, A&G 450)
81 tribūlātiō, -ōnis (f.) tribulation
82 adjuvō (1) help; non est qui adjuvet: there is no one who can help.
83 circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datum encompass, surround
84 vitulus, -ī (m.) bull, calf
85 taurus, -ī (m.) bull
86 obsideō, -ēre, obsēdī, obsessum besiege
87 aperiō, -īre, -uī, apertum open
88 ōs, ōris (n.) mouth
89 rapiens, -entis ravening
90 rugiō, -īre roar
91 effundō, -ere, effūdī, effūsum pour out
92 dispergō, -ere, dispersī, dispersum scatter
93 *os, ossis (n.) bone
94 *tamquam (tanquam) (conj.) like
95 cēra, -ae (f.) wax
96 liqueō, -ēre, līquī (licuī) be liquid
97 *venter, ventris (m.) stomach, womb
98 āreō, -ēre, āruī dry up, be dry, wither
99 testa, -ae (f.) potsherd, pottery fragment
100 virtus, -ūtis (f.) virtue, strength, power
101 lingua, -ae (f.) tongue
102 adhaereō, -ēre, adhaesī, adhaesum cling
103 faucēs, faucium (f. pl.) jaws, throat
104 pulvis, -eris (m.) dust
105 mors, mortis (f.) death
106 dēdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead, lead down
107 *circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datum encompass, surround
77
78
PSALMS
69
Concilium109 malignantium110 obsedit111 me. Foederunt112 manus
meas et pedes meos. (18) Dinumeraverunt113 omnia ossa mea; ipsi
vero consideraverunt et inspexerunt114 me. (19) Diviserunt sibi
vestimenta115 mea, et super vestem meam miserunt sortem.116
(20) Tu autem, Domine, ne elongaveris117 auxilium118 tuum a
me. Ad defensionem119 meam conspice.120 (21) Erue121 a framea,122
Deus, animam meam et de manu canis123 unicam meam.124 (22)
Salva125 me ex ore126 leonis, et a cornibus127 unicornium128
humilitatem129 meam.
(23) Narrabo nomen tuum fratribus meis; in medio ecclesiae130
laudabo131 te. (24) Qui132 timetis Dominum, laudate eum;
universum semen Jacob133 glorificate134 eum. (25) Timeat eum
canis, canis (m.) dog
concilium, -iī (n.) council
110 malignantēs, -ium (m. pl.) evildoers, the wicked
111 obsideō, -ēre, obsēdī, obsessum besiege
112 foedō (1) disfigure, mar; foederunt = foedaverunt
113 dīnumerō (1) number
114 inspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
115 *vestīmentum, -ī (n.) garment, clothing
116 sors, sortis (f.) lot; sortem mittere: to cast lots
117 ēlongō (1) take far away; elongaveris is a perfect subjunctive in a
negative command (A&G 450)
118 auxilium, -iī (n.) help
119 dēfensiō, -ōnis (f.) defense
120 *conspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum see, look at
121 *ēruō, -ere, -uī, ērutum deliver
122 framea, -ae (f.) sword
123 *canis, canis (m.) dog; de manu canis: from the hand (power) of the
dog
124 ūnica, -ae (f.) only one, dear one; unicam meam: “my only one”
(DR), i.e., my soul
125 salvō (1) save
126 *ōs, ōris (n.) mouth
127 cornū, -ūs (n.) horn
128 ūnicornis, -is (m.) unicorn
129 humilitās, -ātis (f.) humility, lowliness
130 ecclēsia, -ae (f.) church, assembly
131 laudō (1) praise
132 Qui: [you] who
133 universam semen Jacob: all [of you] the seed (children) of Jacob
134 glōrificō (1) glorify
108
109
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
70
omne semen Israel, quoniam non sprevit,135 neque despexit136
deprecationem137 pauperis;138 nec avertit139 faciem suam a me, et
cum clamarem ad eum exaudivit140 me.
(26) Apud141 te laus142 mea erit in ecclesia143 magna; vota144
mea reddam145 in conspectu timentium eum.146 (27) Edent147
pauperes148 et saturabuntur,149 et laudabunt150 Dominum qui
requirunt151 eum. Vivent corda eorum in saeculum152 saeculi. (28)
Reminiscentur153 et convertentur154 ad Dominum universi fines155
terrae, et adorabunt156 in conspectu ejus universae familiae157
gentium.158
(29) Quoniam Domini est regnum,159 et ipse dominabitur160
gentium.161 (30) Manducaverunt162 et adoraverunt omnes pingues163
spernō, -ere, sprēvī, sprētum despise, scorn
dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum despise
137 dēprecātiō, -ōnis (f.) prayer
138 pauper, pauperis poor; poor person (m. as subst.)
139 āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversum turn from, turn away
140 exaudiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum hear favorably
141 apud (prep. + acc.) with, in the presence of
142 laus, laudis (f.) praise
143 *ecclēsia, -ae (f.) church, assembly
144 vōtum, -ī (n.) vow
145 reddō, -ere, reddidī, redditum give back, restore
146 in conspectu timentium eum: in the sight of those fearing Him
147 edō, edere (esse), ēdī, ēsum eat; edent is future.
148 pauper, pauperis poor; poor person (m. as subst.)
149 saturō (1) fill; fill oneself with (passive as refl./mid.)
150 *laudō (1) praise
151 requīrō, -ere, requīsīvī (requīsiī) requīsītum seek
152 saeculum, -ī (n.) time, age; in saeculum saeculi: for ever and ever
153 reminiscor, -ī remember
154 convertō, -ere, -vertī, -versum turn, convert, strengthen
155 *fīnis, fīnis (m./f.) end, boundary; often “land” in pl.
156 *adorō (1) adore, worship
157 familia, -ae (f.) family, household (including slaves)
158 gens, gentis (f.) family, nation; often “Gentiles” in pl.
159 regnum, -ī (n.) kingdom
160 dominor (1) (+ gen. or dat.) rule over
161 gens, gentis (f.) family, nation; often “Gentiles” in pl.
162 mandūcō (1) eat
163 pinguis, pingue fat; omnes pingues terrae: all the fat (prosperous)
ones of the earth
135
136
PSALMS
71
terrae. In conspectu ejus cadent164 omnes qui descendunt in terram.
(31) Et anima mea illi vivet, et semen meum serviet165 ipsi. (32)
Annuntiabitur166 Domino generatio167 ventura, et annuntiabunt
caeli justitiam168 ejus populo qui nascetur,169 quem fecit Dominus.
III. PSALM 22 (23)
(1) Psalmus170 David. Dominus regit171 me, et nihil mihi deerit.172
(2) In loco pascuae173 ibi me collocavit.174 Super aquam
refectionis175 educavit176 me. (3) Animam meam convertit.177
Deduxit me super semitas178 justitiae179 propter nomen suum.180
(4) Nam,181 et si ambulavero182 in medio umbrae183 mortis,184
non timebo mala, quoniam tu mecum es. Virga185 tua et baculus186
tuus, ipsa me consolata sunt.187
164 *cadō, -ere, cecidī, cāsum fall; cadent … terram: all whose who
descend into the earth (underworld) will fall down (in worship)
165 serviō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum serve
166 annuntiō (1) announce
167 *generātiō, -ōnis (f.) generation
168 justitia, -ae (f.) justice
169 *nascor, nascī, nātus sum be born
170 psalmus, -ī (m.) psalm, song; Psalmus David: a psalm of David
171 regō, -ere, rexī, rectum guide, direct, rule
172 dēsum, -esse, -fuī be lacking
173 pascua, -ae (f.) pasture
174 collocō (1) place
175 refectiō, -ōnis (f.) refreshment
176 ēducō (1) nourish, bring up
177 convertō, -ere, -vertī, -versum turn, convert, strengthen
178 sēmita, -ae (f.) path
179 justitia, -ae (f.) justice
180 propter nomen suum: for His name’s sake (because it is in God’s
nature to do so)
181 nam (conj.) for
182 ambulō (1) walk
183 umbra, -ae (f.) shade, shadow
184 mors, mortis (f.) death
185 virga, -ae (f.) rod
186 *baculus, -ī (m.) or baculum, -ī (n.) staff
187 consōlor (1) console, comfort
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
72
(5) Parasti188 in conspectu meo mensam189 adversus190 eos qui
tribulant191 me. Impinguasti192 in oleo193 caput meum, et calix194
meus inebrians195—quam196 praeclarus197 est!
(6) Et misericordia198 tua subsequetur199 me omnibus diebus
vitae200 meae, et ut inhabitem201 in domo Domini in longitudinem202
dierum.
IV. PSALM 50 (51)
(1) In finem203 Psalmus David (2) cum venit ad eum Nathan204
propheta,205 quando206 intravit207 ad Bethsabee.208
(3) Miserere mei, Deus, secundum magnam misericordiam209
tuam, et secundum multitudinem210 miserationum211 tuarum, dele212
*parō (1) prepare
mensa, -ae (f.) table
190 *adversum or adversus (adv. or prep. + acc.) against, in front of,
in the presence of
191 trībulō (1) afflict
192 impinguo (1) grow fat, make fat, anoint
193 oleum, oleī (n.) oil; in oleo: with oil (in + abl. in place of abl. of
means)
194 calix (calyx), calicis (m.) chalice, cup; et calix … est: “And my
chalice which inebriateth me, how goodly it is!” (DR)
195 inēbriō (1) make drunk
196 quam (adv.) how!
197 praeclārus, -a, -um excellent
198 misericordia, -ae (f.) pity
199 subsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sum follow after
200 vīta, -ae (f.) life
201 inhabitō (1) dwell; et ut inhabitem: even so that I will dwell (result
clause)
202 longitūdō, -inis (f.) length
203 In finem psalmus David: “unto the end a psalm of David” (DR)
204 Nathan (m.) Nathan (a prophet during the time of David)
205 prophēta, -ae (m.) prophet
206 quandō (conj. or adv.) when; quando … Bethsabee: when he
entered to Bathsheba; i.e., when he had the affair with Bathsheba (and
subsequently had her husband Uriah killed after she became pregnant; see
II Samuel 11-12.)
207 *intrō (1) enter
208 Bathsabee (f.) Bathsheba
209 *misericordia, -ae (f.) pity
188
189
PSALMS
73
iniquitatem213 meam. (4) Amplius214 lava215 me ab iniquitate mea, et
a peccato216 meo munda217 me, (5) quoniam iniquitatem meam ego
cognosco,218 et peccatum219 meum contra me est semper.220
(6) Tibi soli peccavi, et malum coram te feci ut justificeris221 in
sermonibus tuis et vincas222 cum judicaris.223 (7) Ecce! enim in
iniquitatibus224 conceptus sum,225 et in peccatis concepit me mater
mea. (8) Ecce enim veritatem226 dilexisti;227 incerta228 et occulta229
sapientiae230 tuae manifestasti231 mihi.
(9) Asperges232 me hyssopo233 et mundabor.234 Lavabis235 me,
et super nivem236 dealbabor.237 (10) Auditui238 meo dabis gaudium239
et laetitiam,240 exsultabunt241 ossa humiliata.242
multitūdō, -inis (f.) multitude
miserātiō, -ōnis (f.) mercy
212 dēleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -ētum blot away, wash away
213 inīquitās, -ātis (f.) evil
214 amplius (adv.) even more, yet more
215 lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautum (lōtum) bathe, wash
216 peccātum, -ī (n.) sin, crime
217 mundō (1) cleanse, wash
218 cognoscō, -ere, -nōvī, -nitum know
219 *peccātum, -ī (n.) sin, crime
220 semper (adv.) always
221 justificō (1) justify; ut justificeris … judicaris: so that you may be
justified in your words and be victorious when you are judged
222 vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum conquer, overcome
223 jūdicō (1) judge
224 *inīquitās, -ātis (f.) evil
225 concipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum conceive
226 vēritās, -ātis (f.) truth
227 dīligō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum love
228 incertus, -a, -um uncertain
229 occultus, -a, -um hidden
230 sapientia, -ae (f.) wisdom
231 manifestō (1) make clear, reveal; manifestasti = manfestavisti
232 aspergō, -ere, aspersī, aspersum sprinkle
233 hyssōpum, -ī (n.) hyssop
234 mundō (1) cleanse, wash
235 lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautum (lotum) bathe, wash
236 nix, nivis (f.) snow
237 dealbō (1) to make white
238 audītus, -ūs (m.) hearing
239 gaudium, -iī (n.) joy
210
211
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
74
(11) Averte243 faciem tuam a peccatis meis, et omnes
iniquitates meas dele.244 (12) Cor mundum245 crea246 in me, Deus, et
spiritum247 rectum innova248 in visceribus249 meis. (13) Ne projicias
me a facie tua, et spiritum sanctum250 tuum ne auferas a me.
(14) Redde251 mihi laetitiam252 salutaris253 tui, et spiritu
principali254 confirma255 me. (15) Docebo256 iniquos257 vias258 tuas, et
impii ad te convertentur.259 (16) Libera me de sanguinibus,260
Deus,261 Deus salutis262 meae, et exsultabit263 lingua264 mea
justitiam265 tuam.
(17) Domine, labia mea aperies,266 et os meum annuntiabit267
laudem268 tuam. (18) Quoniam si voluisses sacrificium,269 dedissem
laetitia, -ae (f.) happiness, gladness
*exsultō (exultō) (1) rejoice, exult
242 humiliō (1) humble, bring low
243 āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversum turn from, turn away
244 dēleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -ētum blot away, wash away
245 mundus, -a, -um clean
246 *creō (1) create
247 *spīritus, -ūs (m.) breath, spirit
248 innovō (1) renew
249 viscus, visceris (n.) flesh; organs, bowels (pl.)
250 sanctus, -a, -um holy
251 *reddō, -ere, reddidī, redditum give back, restore
252 laetitia, -ae (f.) happiness, gladness
253 salūtāre, -āris (n.) health, salvation
254 principālis, -e perfect, free
255 confirmō (1) strengthen, confirm
256 doceō, -ēre, -uī, doctum teach
257 inīquus, -a, -um unjust, evil, wicked; evil man (m. as subst.)
258 *via, -ae (f.) road, way
259 *convertō, -ere, -vertī, -versum turn, convert, strengthen
260 sanguis, -guinis (m.) blood; bloodshed
261 Deus is vocative.
262 salūs, salūtis (f.) health, safety, salvation
263 exsultō (exultō) (1) rejoice, exult
264 lingua, -ae (f.) tongue
265 *justitia, -ae (f.) justice
266 *aperiō, -īre, -uī, apertum open
267 *annuntiō (1) announce
268 *laus, laudis (f.) praise
269 sacrificium, -iī (n.) sacrifice
240
241
PSALMS
75
utique;270 holocaustis271 non delectaberis.272 (19) Sacrificium273 Deo
spiritus contribulatus;274 cor contritum275 et humiliatum,276 Deus,
non despicies.277
(20) Benigne278 fac, Domine, in bona voluntate279 tua Sion,280
ut aedificentur281 muri282 Jerusalem.283 (21) Tunc acceptabis284
sacrificium285 justitiae, oblationes286 et holocausta.287 Tunc
imponent288 super altare289 tuum vitulos.290
V. PSALM 62 (63)
(1) Psalmus David, cum esset in deserto Idumaeae.291
(2) Deus, Deus meus, ad te de luce292 vigilo.293 Sitivit294 in te295
anima mea, quam296 multipliciter297 tibi caro mea! (3) In terra
utīque (adv.) indeed; Quoniam … utique: since if You had wanted
sacrifice, indeed I would have given it (past contrary-to-fact condition)
271 holocaustum, -ī (n.) holocaust, burnt offering
272 dēlectō (1) cause pleasure; be delighted, take delight (passive as
refl./mid.)
273 sacrificium, -iī (n.) sacrifice; understand est.
274 contribulātus, -a, -um troubled, broken
275 contrītus, -a, -um contrite, saddened
276 humiliō (1) humble, bring low
277 *dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum despise
278 benignē (adv.) kindly
279 voluntās, -ātis (f.) will
280 Sion Zion (a hill in Jerusalem, often used as metonymy for
Jerusalem); Sion is dative here.
281 *aedificō (1) build
282 mūrus, -ī (m.) wall
283 Jerusalem (n.) Jerusalem
284 acceptō (1) accept, receive
285 *sacrificium, -iī (n.) sacrifice
286 oblātiō, -ōnis (f.) oblation, offering
287 *holocaustum, -ī (n.) holocaust, burnt offering
288 impōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put on
289 altāre, altāris (n.) altar
290 vitulus, -ī (m.) bull, calf
291 Idumaea, -ae (f.) Idumea (a region south of Judea)
292 de luce: “at break of day” (DR)
293 vigilō (1) stay awake, keep watch
294 sitiō, -īre, -īvī be thirsty, thirst; sitivit is the verb for both anima
and caro.
270
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
76
deserta,298 et invia,299 et inaquosa,300 sic301 in sancto302 apparui tibi ut
viderem virtutem303 tuam et gloriam304 tuam. (4) Quoniam melior305
est misericordia tua super vitas;306 labia mea laudabunt te.
(5) Sic307 benedicam te in vita308 mea, et in nomine tuo levabo
manus meas. (6) Sicut adipe309 et pinguedine310 repleatur311 anima
mea, et labiis exsultationis312 laudabit os meum. (7) Recordans313 tui
in cubili314 meo per singulas vigilias315 meditabor316 tibi, (8) quia
fuisti adjutor317 meus, et in velamento318 alarum319 tuarum
exsultabo.320 (9) Adhaesit321 anima mea post te; me suscepit322
dextera323 tua.
in te: for you
quam (adv.) how!
297 multipliciter (adv.) in many ways
298 dēsertus, -a, -um deserted, dry
299 invius, -a, -um impassible, trackless, desert
300 inaquōsus, -a, -um without water
301 sīc (adv.) thus, so
302 sanctum, -ī (n.) holy place, sanctuary, temple
303 virtūs, -ūtis (f.) virtue, strength, power
304 glōria, -ae (f.) glory
305 melior, melius better (comparative of bonus)
306 *vīta, -ae (f.) life
307 *sīc (adv.) thus, so
308 levō (1) raise, lift up
309 adeps, adipis (m./f.) fat, marrow; Sicut … pinquedine: “as with
marrow and fatness” (DR)
310 pinguēdō, -inis (f.) fat
311 *repleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill
312 exsultātiō (exultātiō), -ōnis (f.) gladness, exultation
313 recordor (1) (+ gen. or acc.) remember. Verse seven follows the
Hebrew text.
314 cubīle, cubīlis (n.) bed
315 vigilia, -ae (f.) watch, night watch, vigil
316 meditor (1) meditate
317 adjūtor, -ōris (m.) helper
318 vēlāmentum, -ī (n.) shade
319 āla, -ae (f.) wing
320 *exsultō (exultō) (1) rejoice, exult
321 *adhaereō, -ēre, adhaesī, adhaesum cling
322 *suscipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum undertake, receive
323 dextera, -ae (f.) right hand
295
296
PSALMS
77
(10) Ipsi324 vero in vanum325 quaesierunt326 animam meam;
introibunt327 in inferiora328 terrae. (11) Tradentur in manus gladii;
partes329 vulpium330 erunt. (12) Rex vero laetabitur331 in Deo.
Laudabuntur omnes qui jurant332 in eo,333 quia obstructum est334 os
loquentium iniqua.335
VI. PSALM 94 (95)
1. Laus336 cantici337 ipsi David.
Venite, exsultemus Domino; jubilemus338 Deo, salutari339
nostro.340 (2) Praeoccupemus341 faciem ejus in confessione,342 et in
psalmis jubilemus343 ei. (3) Quoniam Deus magnus Dominus, et rex
magnus super omnes deos. (4) Quia in manu ejus sunt omnes fines
terrae et altitudines344 montium ipsius sunt. (5) Quoniam ipsius est
mare, et ipse fecit illud, et siccam345 manus ejus formaverunt.346
ipsi: they, i.e., David’s enemies
vanum, -ī (n.) vain, vainness
326 quaerō, -ere, quaesīvī (quaesiī), -sītum seek
327 introeō, -īre, -īvi (-iī) go into
328 inferior, inferius lower
329 *pars, partis (f.) part, portion
330 vulpēs, vulpis (f.) fox
331 laetor (1) rejoice
332 jūrō (1) swear
333 The quia clause is in apposition to eo.
334 obstruō, -ere, obstruxī, obstructum close, shut
335 inīquus, -a, -um unjust, evil, wicked
336 Laus cantici ipsi David: “Praise of a canticle for David himself”
(DR)
337 canticum, -ī (n.) song, canticle
338 jūbilō (1) rejoice
339 salūtāre, -āris (n.) health, salvation
340 noster, nostra, nostrum our
341 praeoccupō (1) come before
342 confessiō, -ōnis (f.) confession, praise
343 jūbilō (1) rejoice
344 altitūdō, -inis (f.) height
345 sicca, -ae (f.) dry land
346 formō (1) form, make
324
325
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
78
(6) Venite, adoremus, et procidamus,347 et ploremus348 ante
Dominum qui fecit nos, (7) quia ipse est Dominus Deus noster, et
nos populus pascuae349 ejus et oves manus ejus.
(8) Hodie350 si vocem351 ejus audieritis, nolite352 obdurare353
corda vestra,354 (9) sicut in irritatione355 secundum diem
temptationis356 in deserto, ubi temptaverunt357 me patres vestri,
probaverunt358 me, et viderunt opera mea. (10) Quadraginta359 annis
offensus fui360 generationi illi, et dixi, “Semper361 hi errant362 corde,
et isti non cognoverunt363 vias meas,” et juravi364 in furore365 meo ut
non introirent366 in requiem367 meam.
VII. PSALM 99 (100)
1. Psalmus in confessione.368
(2) Jubilate369 Deo,370 omnis terra. Servite371 Domino in
laetitia.372 Introite373 in conspectu ejus in exsultatione.374 (3)
prōcidō, -ere, procidī fall, fall down, fall forward
plōrō (1) weep, lament
349 pascua, -ae (f.) pasture
350 *hodiē (adv.) today
351 vox, vōcis (f.) voice
352 nōlō, nolle, nōluī not wish; don’t (imperative)
353 obdūrō (1) harden
354 *vester, vestra, vestrum your (pl.)
355 irrītātiō, -ōnis (f.) irritation, provocation; the “provocation” refers
to the disobedience of Israel when the people wandered in the desert for
forty years after leaving Egypt.
356 temptātiō (tentātiō), -ōnis (f.) temptation
357 *temptō (tentō) (1) test, try, attempt
358 probō (1) prove, test
359 quadrāgintā forty
360 offendō, -ere, offendī, offensum offend; offensus fui =
offensus sum
361 *semper (adv.) always
362 errō (1) wander, stray
363 *cognoscō, -ere, -nōvī, -nitum know
364 *jūrō (1) swear; et … meam follows the Hebrew version.
365 furōr, -ōris (m.) anger, rage
366 introeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go into
367 requiēs, -ētis (acc. requiem) (f.) rest
368 confessiō, -ōnis (f.) confession, praise; in confessione: of praise
369 *jūbilō (1) rejoice
347
348
PSALMS
79
Scitote375 quoniam Dominus ipse est Deus. Ipse fecit nos, et non
ipsi nos. Populus376 ejus et oves pascuae377 ejus.
(4) Introite portas378 ejus in confessione,379 atria380 ejus in
hymnis.381 Confitemini382 illi. Laudate nomen ejus, (5) quoniam
suavis383 est Dominus. In aeternum384 misericordia ejus et usque385
in generationem et generationem veritas386 ejus.
VIII. PSALM 122 (123)
1. Canticum387 graduum.388
Ad te levavi389 oculos390 meos qui habitas in caelis. (2) Ecce!
sicut oculi391 servorum in manibus dominorum suorum, sicut oculi
Deo is a dative of reference.
*serviō, -īre (+ dat.) serve
372 *laetitia, -ae (f.) happiness, gladness
373 *introeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go into
374 exsultātiō (exultātiō), -ōnis (f.) exultation
375 Scitote is a future imperative plural of sciō.
376 Populus …pascuae ejus: understand sumus.
377 pascua, -ae (f.) pasture
378 porta, -ae (f.) gate
379 *confessiō, -ōnis (f.) confession, praise; in confessione: with praise
380 ātrium, -iī (n.) atrium, court, hall
381 hymnus, -ī (m.) hymn; in hymnis: with hymns
382 confiteor, -ērī, confessus sum confess, trust in, give thanks to
383 suāvis, -e sweet
384 aeternum, -ī (n.) eternity; in aeternum … ejus: “His mercy
endureth for ever, and his truth to generation and generation” (DR).
385 usque (adv.) all the way
386 vēritās, -ātis (f.) truth
387 canticum, -ī (n.) song, canticle; canticum graduum: “A gradual
canticle” (DR). Gradual canticles are also called Songs of Ascent or
Psalms of the Steps. They seem to have been sung in a procession to
Jerusalem or while the people climbed up the steps of the temple itself.
388 gradus, -ūs (m.) step, degree
389 levō (1) raise, lift up
390 *oculus, -ī (m.) eye
391 Understand sunt here and in the next two clauses.
370
371
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
80
ancillae392 in manibus dominae393 suae, ita oculi nostri ad Dominum
Deum nostrum, donec394 misereatur nostri.
(3) Miserere nostri, Domine, miserere nostri, quia multum395
repleti sumus despectione,396 (4) quia multum397 repleta est anima
nostra; opprobrium398 abundantibus399 et despectio400 superbis.401
IX. PSALM 129 (130)
1. Canticum402 graduum.403
De profundis404 clamavi ad te, Domine. (2) Domine, exaudi405
vocem406 meam. Fiant aures407 tuae intendentes408 in vocem
deprecationis409 meae.
(3) Si iniquitates observaveris,410 Domine, Domine, quis
sustinebit?411 (4) Quia apud te propitiatio412 est. Et propter legem413
tuam sustinui414 te, Domine. Sustinuit415 anima mea in verbo ejus.
*ancilla, -ae (f.) handmaid
domina, -ae (f.) mistress
394 dōnec (conj.) until, before; donec misereatur nostri: until he pities
us (subjunctive showing expectancy, A&G 553)
395 multum (adv.) greatly, very much
396 dēspectiō, -ōnis contempt
397 multum (adv.) greatly, very much
398 opprobrium [sumus] … superbis: [we are] an object of reproach to the
rich and an object of contempt to the proud
399 abundō (1) abound, be rich
400 dēspectiō, -ōnis (f.) contempt
401 superbus, -a, -um proud
402 *canticum, - ī (n.) song, canticle
403 gradus, -ūs (m) step, degree
404 profundum, -ī (n.) depth
405 *exaudiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum hear favorably
406 *vox, vōcis (f.) voice
407 auris, auris (f.) ear
408 intendō, -ere, intendī, intentum (intensum) listen to, be
attentive
409 dēprecātiō, -ōnis (f.) prayer
410 observō (1) observe
411 sustineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum endure, wait for
412 propitiātiō, -ōnis (f.) appeasement, atonement
413 lex, lēgis (f.) law
414 sustineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum endure, wait for
415 Sustinuit … ejus: “My soul hath relied on his word” (DR).
392
393
PSALMS
81
(5) Speravit416 anima mea in Domino. (6) A custodia417 matutina418
usque419 ad noctem speret Israel in Domino, (7) quia apud420
Dominum misericordia, et copiosa421 apud eum redemptio.422 (8) Et
ipse redimet423 Israel ex omnibus iniquitatibus ejus.
IX. PSALM 138 (139)
(1) In finem Psalmus David.
(2) Domine, probasti424 me et cognovisti me. Tu cognovisti
sessionem425 meam et resurrectionem426 meam. (3) Intellexisti427
cogitationes428 meas de longe.429 Semitam430 meam et funiculum431
meum investigasti.432 (4) Et omnes vias meas praevidisti,433 quia non
est sermo in lingua434 mea.
(5) Ecce, Domine, tu cognovisti omnia, novissima435 et
antiqua.436 Tu formasti437 me, et posuisti super me manum tuam. (6)
*spērō (1) hope
custōdia, -ae (f.) custody, watch
418 mātūtīnus, -a, -um morning
419 *usque (adv.) all the way
420 apud (prep. + acc.) with, in the presence of
421 cōpiōsus, -a, -um plentiful
422 redemptiō, -ōnis (f.) redemption
423 redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -emptum redeem
424 *probō (1) prove, test
425 sessiō, -ōnis sitting down
426 resurrectiō, -ōnis (f.) getting up, arising
427 intellegō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum perceive, understand
428 cōgitātiō, -ōnis (f.) thought
429 longē (adv.) far, from afar
430 sēmita, -ae (f.) path
431 fūniculus, -ī (m.) line; the Hebrew text has accubitionem, lying
down.
432 investīgō (1) search out
433 praevideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsum see before, foresee
434 *lingua, -ae (f.) tongue
435 *novus, -a, -um new; novissimus, -a, -um newest, last; tu …
antiqua: you have known all things, the newest and the ancient
436 antīquus, -a, -um old, ancient
437 formō (1) form, make
416
417
82
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
Mirabilis438 facta est scientia439 tua ex me; confortata est,440 non
potero441 ad eam.
(7) Quo ibo442 a spiritu tuo, et quo a facie tua fugiam? (8) Si
ascendero in caelum, tu illic443 es. Si descendero in infernum,444
ades. (9) Si sumpsero445 pennas446 meas diluculo,447 et habitavero in
extremis448 maris, (10) etenim449 illuc450 manus tua deducet451 me et
tenebit452 me dextera453 tua.
(11) Si454 dicam, “Tenebrae saltem455 operient456 me, et nox
instar457 lucis circumdabit me.” (12) Ipsae tenebrae non erunt
obscurae458 tibi. Et nox sicut dies lucebit.459 Caligo460 est tibi sicut
lux. (13) Quia tu possedisti461 renes462 meos, suscepisti me de
utero463 matris meae.
438 mīrābilis, -e wonderful; Mirabilis … eam: Your knowledge
concerning me is wonderful; it it very strong; I cannot attain it.
439 scientia, -ae (f.) knowledge
440 confortō (1) grow strong, become very strong (here passive as
refl./mid.)
441 Understand some verb meaning “to reach.”
442 *eo, īre, iī (īvī), itum go
443 illic (adv.) there
444 infernus, -ī (m.) underworld, Hades, Hell
445 sūmō, -ere, sumpsī, sumptum take up
446 penna, -ae (f.) feather, wing, flight
447 dīlūculō (adv.) early, in the morning
448 extrēmus, -a, -um extreme, last, farthest; farther places (n. as
subst.)
449 etenim (conj.) for
450 *illūc (adv.) there, thither
451 dēdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead, lead down
452 teneō, -ēre, -uī, tentum hold
453 dextera, -ae right hand
454 Verses 11-12 follow The Hours of the Divine Office in English and Latin
(Collegeville, Minn.: The Liturgical Press, 1964).
455 saltem (adv.) at least, anyhow, surely
456 operiō, -īre, -uī, opertum cover
457 instar (noun + gen.) like (lit., the image of)
458 obscūrus, -a, -um dark
459 *lūceō, -ēre, lūxī shine
460 cālīgō, -inis (f.) mist, darkness
461 possideō, -ēre, -sēdī, -sessum possess
462 rēnēs, rēnum (m. pl.) kidneys, loins; inmost thoughts
463 *uterus, -ī (m.) womb
PSALMS
83
(14) Confiteor464 tibi quia terribiliter465 magnificatus es.466
Mirabilia467 opera tua, et anima mea cognoscit nimis. (15) Non est
occultatum468 os meum a te quod fecisti in occulto,469 et
substantia470 mea in inferioribus471 terrae. (16) Actus472 meos
viderunt oculi tui, et in libro473 tuo scripti sunt474 omnes; dies sunt
definiti,475 priusquam476 esset vel477 unus ex eis.
(17) Mihi autem nimis honorificati sunt478 amici479 tui, Deus,
nimis confortatus est480 principatus481 eorum. (18) Dinumerabo482
eos, et super harenam483 multiplicabuntur. Exsurrexi,484 et adhuc
sum tecum.
(19) Si occideris,485 Deus, peccatores;486 viri sanguinum,487
declinate488 a me. (20) Qui contradicent489 tibi scelerate490 elati
*confiteor, -ērī, confessus sum confess, trust in, give thanks to
terribiliter (adv.) fearfully, wonderfully
466 magnificō (1) magnify, glorify
467 mīrābilis, -e wonderful
468 occultō (1) hide; Non est … occulto: My bone, which you have made
in secret places, is not hidden from you.
469 occultum, -ī (n.) hidden thing, secret
470 *substantia, -ae (f.) substance, goods
471 inferior, inferius lower
472 actus, -ūs (m.) act; Actus … eis: Your eyes have seen my acts, and in
Your book they are all written; my days were determined before there was even one of
them. (Verse 16 follows The Hours of the Divine Office in English and Latin
(Collegeville, Minn.: The Liturgical Press, 1964.)
473 liber, librī (m.) book
474 scrībō, -ere, scripsī, scriptum write
475 dēfīniō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum determine
476 priusquam (conj.) before
477 *vel (conj. or adv.) or, even
478 honōrificō (1) honor, glorify
479 amīcus, -ī (m.) friend
480 *confortō (1) grow strong, become very strong (here passive as
refl./mid.)
481 principātus, -ūs (m.) principality, rule
482 dīnumerō (1) number
483 harēna (arēna), -ae (f.) sand
484 exsurgō (exurgō), -ere, exsurrexī, exsurrectum arise
485 si … peccatores: if only you will kill sinners, God
486 *peccātor, -ōris (m.) sinner
487 sanguis, -guinis (m.) blood, bloodshed
488 dēclīnō (1) go aside
464
465
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
84
sunt491 frustra adversarii492 tui. (21) Nonne qui493 oderunt494 te,
Domine, oderam? Et super inimicos495 tuos tabescebam.496 (22)
Perfecto497 odio498 oderam illos, et inimici499 facti sunt mihi.
(23) Proba me, Deus, et scito cor meum. Interroga500 me, et
cognosce semitas501 meas, (24) et vide si via iniquitatis in me est, et
deduc me in via aeterna.502
X. PSALM 150
(1) Alleluja.503 Laudate Dominum in sanctis504 ejus. Laudate eum in
firmamento virtutis505 ejus. Laudate eum in506 virtutibus ejus.
Laudate eum secundum multitudinem507 magnitudinis508 ejus.
Laudate eum in sono509 tubae.510 Laudate eum in psalterio511 et
cithara.512 (4) Laudate eum in tympano513 et choro.514 Laudate eum
contrādīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum contradict, resist. This verse
follows the Hebrew version.
490 scelerātē (adv.) wickedly
491 efferō, efferre, extulī, ēlātum carry out, bear, lift up
492 adversārius, -iī (m.) adversary, enemy
493 qui: [those] who
494 *ōdī, odisse hate (perfect as present)
495 inimīcus, -a, -um hostile; enemy (m. as subst.)
496 tābescō, -ere, tābūī pine away
497 perfectus, -a, -um perfect, complete
498 odium, -iī (n.) hate
499 *inimīcus, -a, -um hostile; enemy (m. as subst.)
500 interrogō (1) ask
501 *sēmita, -ae (f.) path
502 aeternus, -a, -um eternal
503 allēlūja alleluia (praise Jehovah)
504 *sanctum, -ī (n.) holy place, sanctuary, temple
505 *virtus, -ūtis (f.) virtue, strength, power
506 in virtutibus ejus: “for his mighty deeds” (DR)
507 multitūdō, -inis (f.) multitude
508 magnitūdō, -inis (f.) magnitude, greatness
509 sonus, -ī (m.) sound; in sono: with the sound
510 tuba, -ae (f.) trumpet
511 psaltērium, -iī (n.) psaltery (stringed instrument like a lute)
512 cithara, -ae (f.) harp
513 tympanum, -ī (n.) drums, timbrel
514 chorus, -ī (m.) choir, chorus
489
PSALMS
85
in chordis515 et organo.516 (5) Laudate eum in cymbalis517 bene518
sonantibus.519 Laudate eum in cymbalis jubilationis.520
(6) Omnis spiritus laudet Dominum. Alleluja.521
chorda, -ae (f.) stringed instruments
organum, -ī (n.) organ
517 cymbalum, -ī (n.) cymbal
518 bene (adv.) well
519 sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitum sound, resound
520 jūbilatiō, -ōnis (f.) jubitation, rejoicing
521 allēlūja alleluia! (praise Jehovah)
515
516
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
I. WISDOM’S INVITATION (PROVERBS 9)
(1) Sapientia1 aedificavit sibi domum. Excidit2 columnas3 septem.
(2) Immolavit4 victimas5 suas, miscuit6 vinum,7 et proposuit8
mensam9 suam.
(3) Misit ancillas suas ut10 vocarent ad arcem11 et ad moenia12
civitatis. (4) “Si quis13 est parvulus,14 veniat ad me.” Et
sapientia, -ae (f.) wisdom; here Sapientia is being personified.
excīdō, -ere -cīdī, -cīsum cut down, hew out
3 columna, -ae (f.) column, pillar; some consider the seven pillars to
represent columns holding up the earth.
4 immolō (1) sacrifice
5 victima, -ae (f.) victim, sacrificial victim
6 misceō, -ēre, -uī, mixtum mix, mingle
7 *vinum, -ī (n.) wine
8 prōponō, -ere, -posuī, -positum place over, set (a table
9 mensa, -ae (f.) table
10 Take ut … civitatis as a purpose or jussive noun clause.
11 arx, arcis (f.) fortress, citadel
12 moenia, -ium (n. pl.) walls, ramparts
13 aliquis, aliquid (quis, quid, after si, nisi, num, and ne)
anyone/thing
14 parvulus, -a, -um small, little, lowly; infant (m./f. as subst.)
1
2
87
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
88
insipientibus15 locuta est, (5) “Venite, comedite16 panem meum, et
bibite vinum quod miscui17 vobis. (6) Relinquite infantiam,18 et
vivite, et ambulate19 per20 vias prudentiae.21 (7) Qui erudit22
derisorem23 ipse injuriam24 sibi facit, et qui arguit25 impium, sibi
maculam26 generat.27 (8) Noli28 arguere29 derisorem,30 ne oderit te.
Argue sapientem et diliget31 te. (9) Da sapienti occasiorem,32 et
addetur33 ei sapientia.34 Doce35 justum,36 et festinabit37 accipere.
(10) “Principium38 sapientiae timor39 Domini, et scientia40
sanctorum41 prudentia.42 (11) Per43 me enim multiplicabuntur dies
tui, et addentur44 tibi anni vitae. (12) Si45 sapiens fueris, tibimet46
ipsi eris; si autem illusor,47 solus portabis48 malum.”
insipiens, -entis foolish, fool (m. as subst.)
comedō, -ere, (-esse), -ēdī, -ēsum (-estum) eat with, eat together
17 misceō, -ēre, -uī mix, mingle
18 infantia, -ae (f.) childhood, infancy
19 ambulō (1) walk
20 per (prep. + acc.) through, throughout
21 prūdentia, -ae (f.) wisdom, prudence
22 ērudiō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) -ītum instruct, teach
23 dērisor, -ōris (m.) scorner, scoffer
24 injūria, -ae (f.) injury, harm
25 arguō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum rebuke, reprove
26 macula, -ae (f.) stain, blot
27 generō (1) produce
28 nōlō, nolle, nōluī not wish; don’t (imperative)
29 arguō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum rebuke, reprove
30 dērisor, -ōris (m.) scorner, scoffer
31 *deligō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum love
32 occāsiō, -ōnis (f.) occasion, opportunity, pretext, fault
33 addō, -ere, -didī, -ditum add
34 *sapientia, -ae (f.) wisdom
35 doceō, -ēre, -uī, -doctum teach
36 justus, -a, -um just; just person (m. as subst.)
37 festinō (1) hurry
38 principium, -i (n.) beginning; understand an est.
39 timor, -ōris (m.) fear
40 scientia, -ae (f.) knowledge; scientia … prudential: the knowledge
of holy things [is] prudence
41 *sanctus, -a, -um holy
42 prūdentia, -ae (f.) wisdom, prudence
43 *per (prep. + acc.) through, throughout
44 *addō, -ere, -didī, -ditum add
15
16
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
89
(13) Mulier stulta49 et clamosa,50 plenaque illecebris51 et nihil52
omnino53 sciens (14) sedit in foribus54 domus suae super sellam55 in
excelso56 urbis57 loco (15) ut vocaret transeuntes58 per viam et
pergentes itinere59 suo.
(16) “Qui est parvulus,60 declinet61 ad me,” et vecordi62 locuta
est, (17) “Aquae furtivae63 dulciores64 sunt et panis absconditus65
suavior.” (18) Et ignoravit66 quod ibi sint gigantes67 et in
profundis68 inferni69 convivae70 ejus.
II. PROPHECY OF THE MESSIAH (ISAIAH 11:1-10)
(1) Et egredietur virga71 de radice72 Jesse et flos73 de radice ejus
ascendet. (2) Et requiescet74 super eum spiritus Domini, spiritus
Si … malum: if you will be wise, you will be so for yourself (for your own
good); if you will be a mocker, you alone will bear the trouble
46 -met (an intensifier)
47 illūsor, -ōris (m.) mocker, scoffer
48 portō (1) carry
49 *stultus, -a, -um stupid
50 clāmōsus, -a, -um loud, contentious, clamoring
51 illecebra (inlecebra), -ae (f.) enticement, allurement
52 nihil (n.) nothing
53 omnīnō (adv.) at all
54 foris, foris (f.) door
55 sella, -ae (f.) seat, chair
56 excelsus, -a, -um lofty, high
57 *urbs, urbis (f.) city
58 transeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum cross over, pass by
59 iter, itineris (n.) path, way, trip
60 *parvulus, -a, -um small, little, lowly; infant (m./f. as subst.)
61 *dēclīnō (1) go aside
62 vēcors, -ordis (adj.) foolish; fool (m. as subst.)
63 furtīvus, -a, -um stolen
64 dulcis, -e sweet
65 absconditus, -a, -um hidden
66 *ignōrō (1) be ignorant of, not know
67 gigās, gigantis (m.) giant
68 profundum, -ī (n.) depth
69 infernus, -ī (m.) underworld, Hades, Hell
70 convīva, -ae (m./f.) guest
71 virga, -ae (f.) rod
72 rādix, rādīcis (f.) root, base
45
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
90
sapientiae et intellectus,75 spiritus consilii et fortitudinis,76 spiritus
scientiae et pietatis.77 (3) Et replebit eum spiritus timoris78 Domini.
Non secundum visionem79 oculorum judicabit,80 neque secundum
auditum81 aurium82 arguet.83
(4) Sed judicabit84 in justitia pauperes,85 et arguet in aequitate86
pro87 mansuetis88 terrae, et percutiet terrram virga89 oris sui, et
spiritu labiorum suorum interficiet impium. (5) Et erit justitia
cingulum90 lumborum91 ejus, et fides92 cinctorium93 renum94 ejus.
(6) Habitabit lupus95 cum agno,96 et pardus97 cum haedo98
accubabit.99 Vitulus,100 et leo, et ovis simul101 morabuntur,102 et puer
parvulus minabit103 eos. Vitulus et ursus pascentur, simul
flōs, flōris (m.) flower
*requiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum rest
75 intellectus, -ūs (m.) wisdom, understanding
76 fortitūdō, -inis (f.) strength, power
77 pietās, -ātis (f.) goodness, piety, holiness
78 timor, -ōris (m.) fear
79 vīsiō, -ōnis (f.) sight
80 jūdicō (1) judge
81 audītus, -ūs (m.) hearing
82 auris, auris (f.) ear
83 *arguō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum rebuke, reprove
84 *jūdicō (1) judge
85 *pauper, pauperis poor; poor person (m. as subst.)
86 aequitās, -ātis (f.) fairness, equity
87 prō (prep. + abl.) for, on behalf of
88 mansuētus, -a, -um meek, humble
89 *virga, -ae (f.) rod
90 cingulum, -ī (n.) or cingulus, -ī (m.) girdle, belt
91 lumbus, -ī (m.) loins, middle
92 fidēs, fidēī (f.) faith, faithfulness
93 cinctōrium, -iī (n.) swordbelt, girdle,
94 rēnēs, rēnum (m. pl.) kidneys, loins; inmost thoughts
95 lupus, -ī (m.) wolf
96 agnus, -ī (m.) lamb
97 pardus, -ī (m.) leopard
98 haedus, -ī (m.) young goat, kid
99 accumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitum lie down with
100 *vitulus, -ī (m.) bull, calf
101 simul (adv.) at the same time, together
102 moror (1) delay, stay
103 minō (1) drive, lead
73
74
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
91
requiescent catuli104 eorum, et leo quasi bos comedet paleas.105 (8)
Et delectabitur106 infans107 ab ubere108 super foramine109 aspidis,110
et in caverna111 reguli112 qui ablactatus113 fuerit manum suam mittet.
(9) Non nocebunt114 et non occident in universo monte sancto
meo, quia repleta est terra scientia Domini sicut aquae maris
operientes.115
(10) In die illa radix116 Jesse, qui stat in signum117 populorum,
ipsum gentes118 deprecabuntur,119 et erit sepulchrum120 ejus
gloriosum.121
III. THE FIERY FURNACE DANIEL 3:1-23 AND 91-99
(1) Nabuchodonosor122 rex fecit statuam123 auream,124 altitudine125
cubitorum126 sexaginta,127 latitudine128 cubitorum sex, et statuit129
catulus, -ī (m.) cub, whelp, young one
palea, -ae (f.) straw
106 dēlectō (1) cause pleasure; be delighted, take delight (passive as
refl./mid.)
107 infans, infantis (m./f.) infant
108 ūber, -eris (n.) breast
109 forāmen, -minis (n.) hole
110 aspis, aspidis (f.) asp, adder
111 caverna, -ae (f.) cavern
112 rēgulus, -ī (m.) serpent
113 ablactō (1) wean; qui ablactus fuerit: the one who has been weened, a
weened child
114 noceō, -ēre, -uī harm
115 operiō, -īre, -uī cover; aquae maris operientes: “the covering
waters of the sea” (DR)
116 *rādix, -īcis (f.) root, base
117 *signum, -ī (n.) sign; in signum: for a sign
118 *gens, gentis (f.) family, nation; in pl. often “Gentiles”
119 dēprecor (1) beseech, beg
120 sepulchrum, -ī (n.) tomb, sepulcher
121 glōriōsus, -a, -um glorious
122 Nabuchodonosor (m.) Nebuchadnezzar (became King of
Babylon in 605 B.C.)
123 statua, -ae (f.) statue
124 aureus, -a, -um gold
125 *altitūdō, -inis (f.) height
126 cubitus, -ī (m.) or cubitum, -ī (n.) cubit (about 1 ½ feet)
127 sexāgintā sixty
104
105
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
92
eam in campo130 Dura,131 provinciae132 Babylonis.133 (2) Itaque
Nabuchodonosor rex misit ad congregandos satrapas,134
magistratus,135 et judices,136 duces,137 et tyrannos,138 et praefectos139
omnesque principes regionum140 ut convenirent141 ad
dedicationem142 statuae143 quam erexerat144 Nabuchodonosor rex.
(3) Tunc congregati sunt satrapae,145 magistratus,146 et
judices,147 duces,148 et tyranni,149 et optimates150 qui erant in
potestatibus151 constituti, et universi principes regionum ut
convenirent152 ad dedicationem153 statuae154 quam erexerat155
Nabuchodonosor rex. Stabant autem in conspectu rex.
lātitūdō, -inis breadth
statuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum cause to stand, establish
130 campus, -ī (m.) field, plain
131 Dura Dura (a place in Babylon)
132 prōvincia, -ae (f.) province
133 Babylōn, -ōnis (f.) Babylon
134 satrapēs, -is (satrapae, -ārum, pl.) (m.) satrap (a Babylonian
official)
135 magistrātus, -ūs (m.) magistrate
136 jūdex, jūdicis (m.) judge
137 dux, ducis (m.) leader
138 tyrannus, -ī (m.) ruler
139 praefectus, -ī (m.) overseer, commander, governor
140 *regiō, -ōnis (f.) region
141 conveniō, -īre, -vēnī, ventum come together, meet
142 dēdicātiō, -ōnis (f.) dedication
143 statua, -ae (f.) statue
144 ērigō, -ere, ērexī, ērectum set up, erect
145 satrapēs, -is (satrapae, -ārum, pl.) (m.) satrap (a Babylonian
official)
146 magistrātus, -ūs (m.) magistrate
147 *jūdex, jūdicis (m.) judge
148 dux, ducis (m.) leader
149 tyrannus, -ī (m.) ruler
150 optimātēs, -um (m. pl.) aristocrats
151 *potestās, -ātis (f.) power
152 *conveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum come together, meet
153 dēdicātiō, -ōnis (f.) dedication
154 *statua, -ae (f.) statue
155 ērigō, -ere, ērexī, ērectum set up, erect
128
129
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
93
(4) Et praeco156 clamabat valenter,157 “Vobis dicitur populis,
tribubus,158 et linguis: In hora159 qua audieritis sonitum160 tubae,161 et
fistulae,162 et citharae,163 sambucae,164 et psalterii,165 et
symphoniae,166 et universi generis musicorum,167 cadentes adorate
statuam auream168 quam constituit Nabuchodonosor rex. (6) Si
quis169 autem non prostratus170 adoraverit eadem hora171 mittetur in
fornacem172 ignis173 ardentis.174
(7) Post haec igitur statim175 ut audierunt omnes populi
sonitum176 tubae,177 fistulae,178 et citharae,179 sambucae,180 et
psalterii,181 et symphoniae,182 et omnis generis musicorum,183
cadentes omnes populi, tribus184 et linguae adoraverunt statuam
auream quam constituerat Nabuchodonosor rex.
praecō, -ōnis (m.) herald
valenter (adv.) strongly
158 tribus, -ūs (tribubus, dat. and abl. pl.) (f.) tribe
159 hōra, -ae (f.) hour
160 auditus, -ūs (m.) hearing
161 tuba, -ae (f.) trumpet
162 fistula, -ae (f.) pipes, flute
163 cithara, -ae (f.) harp
164 sambūca, -ae (f.) sackbut (a musical instrument like a small harp)
165 psaltērium, -iī (n.) psaltery (stringed instrument like a lute)
166 symphōnia, -ae (f.) music, symphony
167 mūsica, -ōrum (n. pl.) music
168 *aureus, -a, -um gold
169 aliquis, aliguid (quis, quid after si, nisi, num or ne)
anyone/thing
170 prostrātus, -a, -um prostrate
171 hōra, -ae (f.) hour
172 fornax, -ācis (f.) furnace, oven
173 *ignis, ignis (m.) fire
174 ardeō, -ēre, arsī, arsum burn
175 statim (adv.) immediately; statim ut: as soon as
176 sonitus, -ūs (m.) sound
177 *tuba, -ae (f.) trumpet
178 fistula, -ae (f.) pipes, flute
179 *cithara, -ae (f.) harp
180 sambūca, -ae (f.) sackbut (a musical instrument like a small harp)
181 *psalterium, -iī (n.) psaltery (stringed instrument like a lute)
182 symphōnia, -ae (f.) music, symphony
183 mūsica, -ōrum (n. pl.) music
184 tribus, -ūs (tribubus, dat. and abl. pl.) (f.) tribe
156
157
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
94
(8) Statimque185 in ipso tempore accedentes186 viri Chaldaei
accusaverunt187 Judaeos.188 (9) Dixeruntque Nabuchodonosor regi,
“Rex in aeternum189 vive! (10) Tu, Rex, posuisti decretum190 ut
omnis homo qui audierit sonitum191 tubae, fistulae,192 et citharae,
sambucae193 et psalterii, et symphoniae,194 et universi generis
musicorum195 prosternat196 se et adoret statuam auream. (11) Si
quis197 autem non procidens198 adoraverit, mittatur ad fornacem199
ignis ardentis.200 (12) Sunt ergo viri Judaei quos constituisti super
opera regionis Babylonis, Sidrach,201 Misach,202 et Abdenago.203 Viri
isti contempserunt,204 Rex, decretum205 tuum, deos tuos non
colunt,206 et statuam auream quam erexisti207 non adorant.”
(13) Tunc Nabuchodonosor in furore208 et in ira209 praecepit210
ut adducerentur211 Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago, qui confestim212
statim (adv.) immediately
accēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum approach, come
187 accūsō (1) accuse
188 Jūdaeus, -a, -um Jewish; Jew (m. as aubst.)
189 *aeternum, -ī (n.) eternity
190 dēcrētum, -ī (n.) decree
191 sonitus, -ūs (m.) sound
192 *fistula, -ae (f.) pipes, flute
193 *sambūca, -ae (f.) sackbut (a musical instrument like a small harp)
194 *symphōnia, -ae (f.) music, symphony
195 *mūsica, -ōrum (n. pl.) music
196 prosternō, -ere, -strāvī, -strātum (+ se) prostrate oneself
197 *aliquis, aliquid (quis, quid after si, nisi, num or ne)
anyone/thing
198 prōcidō, -ere, -cidī fall, fall down, fall forward
199 fornax, -ācis (f.) furnace, oven
200 *ardeō, -ēre, arsī, arsum burn
201 Sidrach (m.) Shadrach
202 Misach (m.) Meshach
203 Abdenago (m.) Abednego
204 contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptum despise, slight
205 dēcrētum, -ī (n.) decree
206 colō, -ere, -uī, cultum worship
207 *ērigō, -ere, ērexī, ērectum set up, erect
208 furōr, -ōris (m.) anger, rage
209 īra, -ae (f.) anger
210 *praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum order
211 adducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring to
212 confestim (adv.) immediately
185
186
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
95
adducti sunt in conspectu regis. (14) Pronuntiansque213
Nabuchodonosor rex ait eis, “Verene214 Sidrach, Misach, et
Abdenago, deos meos non colitis215 et statuam auream quam
constitui non adoratis? (15) Nunc ergo si estis parati216
quacumque217 hora218 audieritis sonitum tubae, fistulae, citharae,
sambucae, et psalterii, et symphoniae, omnisque generis
musicorum, prosternite219 vos et adorate statuam quam feci. Quod
si non adoraveritis, eadem hora mittemini in fornacem220 ignis
ardentis. Et quis est Deus qui eripiet221 vos de manu mea?”
(16) Respondentes Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago dixerunt regi
Nabuchodonosor, “Non oportet222 nos de hac re respondere tibi.
Ecce! enim Deus noster quem colimus potest eripere223 nos de
camino224 ignis ardentis et de manibus tuis, O Rex, liberare. (18)
Quod si noluerit,225 notum tibi sit, Rex, quia deos tuos non colimus
et statuam auream quam erexisti non adoramus.”
(19) Tunc Nabuchodonosor repletus est furore,226 et
aspectus227 faciei illius immutatus est228 super Sidrach, Misach, et
Abdenago. Et praecepit ut succenderetur229 fornax septuplum230
quam succendi consueverat.231 (20) Et viris fortissimis232 de exercitu
prōnuntiō (1) declare, pronounce
vērē (adv.) truly, really, indeed
215 *colō, -ere, -uī, cultum worship
216 parātus, -a, -um prepared
217 quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque whoever, whatever
218 *hora, -ae (f.) hour
219 prosternō, -ere, -strāvī, -strātum (+ se) prostrate oneself
220 *fornax, -ācis (f.) furnace, oven
221 ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum rescue, deliver
222 oportet, oportuit it is fitting
223 *ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum rescue, deliver
224 camīnus, -ī (m.) forge, oven
225 *nōlō, nolle, nōluī not wish; don’t (imperative)
226 *furōr, -ōris (m.) anger, rage
227 aspectus, -ūs (m.) countenance, face, appearance
228 immūtō (1) change, alter
229 succendō, -ere, -cendī, -censum set on fire, heat
230 septuplum, -ī (n.) seven times
231 consuescō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētum be accustomed
232 fortis, -e strong, brave
213
214
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
96
suo jussit ut ligatis233 pedibus Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago
mitterent eos in fornacem ignis ardentis.
(21) Et confestim234 viri illi vincti235 cum braccis236 suis, et
tiaris,237 et calceamentis,238 et vestibus missi sunt in medium
fornacis ignis ardentis. (22) Nam239 jussio240 regis urgebat.241 Fornax
autem succensa242 erat nimis. Porro243 viros illos qui miserant
Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago interfecit flamma244 ignis. (23) Viri
autem hi tres, id est, Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago, ceciderunt in
medio camino245 ignis ardentis colligati.246
(24) Et ambulabant in medio flammae247 laudantes Deum et
benedicentes Domino.
… (91) Tunc Nabuchodonosor rex obstupuit248 et surrexit
propere249 et ait optimatibus250 suis, “Nonne251 tres viros misimus in
medium ignis compeditos?”252 Qui respondentes regi dixerunt,
“Vere,253 Rex.” (92) Respondit et ait, “Ecce! Ego video quattuor254
ligō (1) bind, tie
confestim (adv.) immediately
235 vinctus, -a, -um bound
236 brācae, -ārum (f. pl.) pants, trousers
237 tiāra, -ae (f.) turban
238 calceāmentum, -ī (n.) sandal, shoe
239 *nam (conj.) for
240 jussiō, -ōnis (f.) order, command
241 urgeō, -ēre, ursī press, urge
242 succendō, -ere, -cendī, -censum set on fire, heat
243 *porrō (adv.) but, moreover, furthermore
244 flamma, -ae (f.) flame
245 camīnus, -ī (m.) forge, oven
246 collīgō (1) tie up, bind together. Verses 24-90 were not included in
the Hebrew scriptures, although they are found in the Septuagint. They are
considered deuterocanonical passages and are therefore not included in
most Protestant translations. Verses 26-90 contain a long hymn, “The
Song of the Three.”
247 *flamma, -ae (f.) flame
248 obstupescō, -ere, -uī be astonished
249 properē (adv.) quickly
250 optimātēs, -um (m. pl.) aristocrats
251 nonne (adv.) introduces a question expecting a “yes” answer
252 compediō, -īre, [no perfect active], compeditum bind
253 vērē (adv.) truly, really, indeed
254 quattuor four
233
234
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
97
viros solutos255 et ambulantes256 in medio ignis, et nihil257
corruptionis258 in eis est, et species quarti259 similis filio Dei.”
(93) Tunc accessit260 Nabuchodonosor ad ostium261 fornacis
ignis ardentis et ait, “Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago, servi Dei
Excelsi,262 egredimini et venite.” Statimque263 egressi sunt Sidrach,
Misach, et Abdenago de medio ignis. (94) Et congregati satrapae,264
et magistratus,265 et judices, et potentes266 regis contemplabantur267
viros illos quoniam nihil potestatis habuisset ignis in corporibus
eorum, et capillus268 capitis eorum non esset adustus,269 et
sarabara270 eorum non fuissent immutata,271 et odor272 ignis non
transisset273 per eos.
(95) Et erumpens274 Nabuchodonosor ait, “Benedictus275 Deus
eorum, Sidrach, videlicet,276 Misach, et Abdenago, qui misit
angelum277 suum et eruit servos suos qui crediderunt278 in eum, et
solvō, -ere, solvī, solūtum loosen, untie
*ambulō (1) walk
257 nihil (n.) nothing
258 corruptiō, -ōnis (f.) corruption, harm
259 *quartus, -a, -um fourth
260 accēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum approach, come
261 ostium, -iī (n.) door
262 excelsus, -a, -um lofty, high
263 *statim (adv.) immediately
264 *satrapēs, -is (satrapae, -ārum, pl.) (m.) satrap (a Babylonian
official )
265 *magistrātus, -ūs (m.) magistrate
266 potens, -entis powerful; powerful man (m. as subst.)
267 contemplor (1) look at, consider
268 capillus, -ī (m.) hair
269 adūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustum burn, singe
270 sarabāra (sarabāla), -ōrum (n. pl.) trousers (esp. baggy pants
worn in the East)
271 immūtō (1) change, alter
272 odor, odōris (m.) smell, odor
273 *transeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum cross over, pass by
274 ērumpō, -ere, ērūpī, ēruptum break out, burst forth
275 benedictus, -a, -um blessed
276 vidēlicet (adv.) namely, that is; videlicet goes with Sidrach,
Misach, and Abdenago.
277 angelus, -ī (m.) angel
278 crēdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum (+ dat.) believe, trust
255
256
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
98
verbum regis immutaverunt,279 et tradiderunt corpora sua ne
servirent et ne adorarent omnem deum excepto280 Deo suo. (96) A
me ergo positum est hoc decretum281 ut omnis populus, et tribus,282
et lingua quaecumque283 locuta fuerit blasphemiam284 contra Deum
Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago, dispereat285 et domus ejus
vastetur.286 Neque enim est alius Deus qui possit ita salvare.”287
(97) Tunc rex promovit288 Sidrach, Misach, et Abdenago in
provincia289 Babylonis. (98) Nabuchodonosor rex omnibus populis
gentibus, et linguis qui habitant in universa terra, “Pax290 vobis
multiplicetur. (99) Signa et mirabilia291 fecit apud292 me Deus
excelsus. Placuit293 ergo mihi praedicare294 signa ejus, quia magna
sunt, et mirabilia ejus, quia fortia,295 et regnum ejus regnum296
sempiternum,297 et potestas ejus in generationem et generationem.”
IV. THE STORY OF DANIEL (DANIEL 4-6)298
(4:1) Ego, Nabuchodonosor, quietus eram in domo mea, et florens
in palatio meo. (2) Sonium vidi quod perterruit me, et cogitationes
meae in strato meo, et visiones capitis mei conturbaverunt me.
*immūtō (1) change, alter
excipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take out, except
281 *dēcrētum, -ī (n.) decree
282 *tribus, -ūs (tribubus, dat. and abl. pl.) (f.) tribe
283 quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque whoever, whatever
284 blasphēmia, -ae blasphemy, insult
285 dispereō, -īre, -iī perish, be destroyed
286 vastō (1) destroy, lay waste
287 *salvō (1) save
288 prōmoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtum push forward, promote
289 prōvincia, -ae (f.) province
290 pax, pācis (f.) peace
291 *mīrābilis, -e wonderful
292 *apud (prep. + acc.) with, in the presence of
293 placeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum please
294 praedicō (1) proclaim
295 *fortis, -e strong, brave
296 *regnum, -ī (n.) kingdom
297 sempiternus, -a, -um eternal, everlasting; eternity (n. as subst.)
298 In the following sections the running vocabulary has not been
supplied, although several notes are included for difficult passages. All
words in these sections are included in the Dictionary at the back of the
book.
279
280
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
99
(3) Et per me propositum est decretum ut introducerentur in
conspectu meo cuncti sapientes Babylonis et ut solutionem somnii
indicarent mihi. (4) Tunc ingrediebantur harioli, magi, Chaldaei, et
haruspices, et somnium narravi in conspectu eorum. Et solutionem
ejus non indicaverunt mihi, (5) donec collega299 ingressus est in
conspectu meo, Daniel, cui nomen Baltassar, secundum nomen300
dei mei, qui habet spiritum deorum sanctorum in semet ipso, et
somnium coram ipso locutus sum:
(6) “Baltassar, princeps hariolorum, quoniam ego scio quod
spiritum sanctorum deorum habeas in te, et omne sacramentum
non est impossibile tibi -- visiones somniorum meorum quas vidi et
solutionem earum narra.
(7) “Visio301 capitis mei in cubili meo: Videbam, et ecce!
arbor302 in medio terrae, et altitudo ejus nimia. (8) Magna arbor et
fortis, et proceritas ejus contingens caelum. Aspectus illius erat
usque ad terminos universae terrae.
(9) “Folia ejus pulcherrima, et fructus ejus nimius, et esca
universorum in ea. Subter eam habitabant animalia et bestiae, et in
ramis ejus conversabantur volucres caeli, et ex ea vescebatur omnis
caro.
(10) “Videbam in visione capitis mei super stratum meum, et
ecce! vigil303 et sanctus de caelo descendit. (11) Clamavit fortiter et
sic ait, ‘Succidite arborem et praecidite ramos ejus; excutite folia
ejus et dispergite fructus ejus. Fugiant bestiae quae subter eam sunt
et volucres de ramis ejus. (12) Verumtamen germen radicum ejus in
terra sinite. Et alligetur304 vinculo ferreo et aereo in herbis quae
foris sunt, et rore caeli tingatur, et cum feris pars ejus in herba
terrae.
(13) “‘Cor ejus ab humano commutetur, et cor ferae detur ei,
et septem tempora305 mutentur super eum. (14) In sententia vigilum
collega: [their] colleague
nomen: Bel was the name of one of the Babylonian gods.
301 visio: understand est.
302 arbor: here, as well as in some of the following phrases, understand
an erat.
303 vigil et sanctus: “a watcher, and a holy one” (DR), i.e., an angel
304 alligetur: the subject seems to have shifted to Nabuchodonosor.
305 tempora apparently means “years” here.
299
300
100
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
decretum est, et sermo sanctorum et petitio, donec306 cognoscant
viventes quoniam dominatur Excelsus in regno hominum, et
cuicumque voluerit debit illud, et humillimum hominem constituet
super eum.’
(15) “Hoc somnium vidi ego, Nabuchodonosor rex. Tu ergo,
Baltassar, interpretationem narra festinus, quia omnes sapientes
regni mei non queunt solutionem edicere mihi. Tu autem potes,
quia spiritus deorum sanctorum in te est.”
(16) Tunc Daniel, cujus nomen Baltassar, coepit intra semet
ipsum tacitus cogitare quasi una hora, et cogitationes ejus
conturbabant eum. Respondens autem rex ait, “Baltassar, somnium
et interpretatio ejus non conturbent te.” Respondit Baltassar et
dixit, “Domine mi, somnium307 his qui te oderunt et interpretatio
ejus hostibus tuis sit.
(17) “Arborem308 quam vidisti sublimem atque robustam,
cujus altitudo pertingit ad caelum, et aspectus illius in omnem
terram, (18) et rami ejus pulcherrimi et fructus ejus nimius, et esca
omnium in ea, subter eam habitantes bestiae agri, et in ramis ejus
commorantes aves caeli (19) tu es, Rex, qui magificatus es, et
invaluisti. Et magnitudo tua crevit, et pervenit usque ad caelum, et
potestas tua in terminos universae terrae.
(20) “Quod309 autem vidit rex vigilem et sanctum descendere
de caelo et dicere, ‘Succidite arborem et dissipate illam, attamen
germen radicum ejus in terra dimittite, et vinciatur310 ferro et aere in
herbis foris, et rore caeli conspergatur, et cum feris sit pabulum
ejus, donec septem tempora mutentur311 super eum.’
(21) “Haec est interpretatio sententiae Altissimi quae pervenit
super dominum meum regem. (22) Ejicient te ab hominibus, et
cum bestiis ferisque erit habitatio tua, et foenum ut bos comedes, et
rore caeli infunderis, septem quoque tempora mutabuntur super te,
306 donec cognoscant viventes: until the living know (subjunctive of
espectancy, A&G 553)
307 somnium … sit: may this dream be to those who hate you, and its
interpretation be to your enemies.
308 arborem should be nominative and has been attracted into the case
of quam. It is the predicate nominative for “tu es” in verse 19. (The tree
… you are it….)
309 quod: as to the fact that (so also quod in verse 23)
310 vinciatur: the subject seems to shift to Nabuchodonosor.
311 mutentur super eum: “pass over him” (DR)
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
101
donec scias quod dominetur Excelsus super regnum hominum et
cuicumque voluerit det illud.
(23) “Quod autem praecepit ut relinqueretur germen radicum
ejus, id est arboris: regnum tuum tibi manebit, postquam
cognoveris potestatem esse caelestem. (24) Quam ob rem,312 Rex,
consilium meum placeat tibi, et peccata tua eleemosynis redime et
iniquitates tuas misericordiis313 pauperum; forsitan ignoscet delictis
tuis.”
(25) Omnia haec venerunt super Nabuchodonosor regem.
(26) Post finem mensium duodecim in aula Babylonis deambulabat.
(27) Responditque rex et ait, “Nonne haec est Babylon magna,
quam ego aedificavi in domum regni, in robore fortitudinis meae et
in gloria decoris mei?”
(28) Cumque sermo adhuc esset in ore regis, vox de caelo ruit,
“Tibi dicitur, Nabuchodonosor Rex, regnum tuum transibit a te.
(29) Et ab hominibus ejicient te, et cum bestiis et feris erit habitatio
tua. Foenum quasi bos comedes, et septem tempora mutabuntur
super te, donec scias quod dominetur Excelsus in regno hominum,
et cuicumque voluerit det illud.”
(30) Eadem hora sermo completus est super
Nabuchodonosor, et ex hominibus abjectus est, et foenum ut bos
comedit, et rore caeli corpus ejus infectum est, donec capilli ejus in
similitudinem aquilarum crescerent et ungues ejus quasi avium.
(31) Igitur post finem dierum ego, Nabuchodonosor oculos
meos ad caelum levavi, et sensus meus redditus est mihi. Et
Altissimo benedixi, et viventem in sempiternum laudavi, et
glorificavi, quia potestas ejus potestas sempiterna, et regnum ejus
in generationem et generationem.
(32) Et omnes habitatores terrae apud eum in nihilum314
reputati sunt. Juxta voluntatem enim suam facit tam315 in virtutibus
caeli quam in habitatoribus terrae, et non est qui resistat manui
ejus, et dicat ei, “Quare fecisti?”
(33) In ipso tempore sensus meus reversus est ad me, et ad
honorem regni mei decoremque perveni. Et figura mea reversa est
312
313
(DR)
314
315
earth
Quam ob rem (often quamobrem): for which reason, for this reason
misericordiis pauperum: “with works of mercy to the poor”
in nihilum: as nothing
tam … terrae: as much with the powers of heaven as with the inhabitants of
102
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
ad me, et optimates mei, et magistratus mei requisierunt me, et in
regno meo restitutus sum, et magnificentia amplior addita est mihi.
(34) Nunc igitur ego, Nabuchodonosor, laudo, et magnifico,
et glorifico regem caeli, quia316 omnia opera ejus vera, et viae ejus
judicia, et gradientes317 in superbia potest humiliare.
(5:1) Baltassar318 rex fecit grande convivium optimatibus suis
mille, et unusquisque secundum suam bibebat aetatem. (2)
Praecepit ergo jam temulentus ut afferrentur vasa aurea et argentea
quae asportaverat Nabuchodonosor, pater ejus, de templo quod
fuit in Jerusalem ut biberent in eis rex et optimates ejus, uxoresque
ejus, et concubinae.
(3) Tunc allata sunt vasa aurea et argentea quae asportaverat
de templo quod fuerat in Jerusalem, et biberunt in eis rex et
optimates ejus, uxores, et concubinae illius. (4) Bibebant vinum et
laudabant deos suos aureos, et argenteos, aereos, ferreos,
ligneosque, et lapideos.
(5) In eadem hora apparuerunt digiti, quasi manus hominis
scribentis contra candelabrum319 in superficie parietis aulae regiae,
et rex aspiciebat articulos manus scribentis.
(6) Tunc facies regis commutata est, et cogitationes ejus
conturbabant eum, et compages320 renum ejus solvebantur, et
genua ejus ad se invicem collidebantur. (7) Exclamavit itaque rex
fortiter ut introducerent magos, Chaldaeos, et haruspices. Et
proloquens rex ait sapientibus Babylonis, “Quicumque legerit
scripturam hanc et interpretationem ejus manifestam mihi fecerit,
purpura vestietur, et torquem auream habebit in collo, et tertius in
regno meo erit.
(8) Tunc ingressi omnes sapientes regis non potuerunt nec
scripturam legere nec interpretationem indicare regi. (9) Unde rex
Baltassar satis conturbatus est, et vultus illius immutatus est, sed et
optimates ejus turbabantur.
316 quia…judicia: because all his works [are] true, and all his ways [are] wise
judgments
317 gradientes in superbia: those who walk in pride
318 Baltassar, or Belteshazzar, was regent of Babylon while King
Nabonius was absent.
319 contra candelabrum: across from the candlestand
320 campages … solvebantur: “the joints of his loins were loosened”
(DR) (Jerome’s equivalent of “he grew sick in his stomach”?)
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
103
(10) Regina autem pro321 re quae acciderat regi et optimatibus
ejus domum322 convivii ingressa est, et proloquens ait, “Rex, in
aeternum vive! Non te conturbent cogitationes tuae, neque facies
tua immutetur.
(11) “Est vir in regno tuo qui spiritum deorum sanctorum
habet in se, et in diebus patris tui scientia et sapientia inventae sunt
in eo. Nam et rex Nabuchodonosor, pater tuus, principem
magorum, incantatorum, Chaldaeorum, et haruspicum constituit
eum, pater, inquam, tuus, O Rex.
(12) “Quia spiritus amplior, et prudentia, intelligentiaque, et
interpretatio somniorum, et ostensio secretorum, ac solutio
ligatorum inventae sunt in eo, hoc est in Daniele, cui rex posuit
nomen Baltassar. Nunc itaque Daniel vocetur, et interpretationem
narrabit.”
(13) Igitur introductus est Daniel coram rege, ad quem
praefatus rex ait, “Tu es Daniel de filiis captivitatis Judae, quem
adduxit pater meus rex de Judaea? (14) Audivi de te, quoniam
spiritum deorum habeas, et scientia, intelligentiaque, ac sapientia,
ampliores inventae sunt in te.
(15) “Et nunc introgressi sunt in conspectu meo sapientes
magi ut scripturam hanc legerent et interpretationem ejus
indicarent mihi, et nequiverunt sensum hujus sermonis edicere.
(16) “Porro ego audivi de te quod possis obscura interpretari
et ligata dissolvere. Si ergo vales scripturam legere et
interpretationem ejus indicare mihi, purpura vestieris, et torquem
auream circa collum tuum habebis, et tertius in regno meo princeps
eris.”
(17) Ad quae respondens Daniel ait coram rege, “Munera tua
sint tibi, et dona domus tuae alteri da. Scripturam autem legam tibi,
Rex, et interpretationem ejus ostendam tibi. (18) O Rex, Deus
altissimus regnum et magnificentiam, gloriam, et honorem dedit
Nabuchodonosor, patri tuo.
(19) “Et propter magnificentiam quam dederat ei, universi
populi, tribus, et linguae tremebant et metuebant eum. Quos
volebat interficiebat; et quos volebat percutiebat; et quos volebat
exaltabat; et quos volebat humiliabat.
321
322
pro re: because of the situation
domum convivii: banquet hall
104
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
(20) “Quando autem elevatum est cor ejus, et spiritus illius
offirmatus est ad superbiam, depositus est de solio regni sui, et
gloria ejus ablata est.
(21) “Et a filiis hominum ejectus est, sed et cor ejus cum
bestiis positum est, et cum onagris erat habitatio ejus. Foenum
quoque ut bos comedebat, et rore caeli corpus ejus infectum est,
donec cognosceret quod potestatem haberet Altissimus in regno
hominum, et quemcumque voluerit, suscitabit super illud.
(22) “Tu quoque filius ejus, Baltassar, non humiliasti cor
tuum, cum scires haec omnia. (23) Sed adversum323 Dominatorem
caeli elevatus es, et vasa domus ejus allata sunt coram te. Et tu, et
optimates tui, et uxores tuae, et concubinae tuae vinum bibistis in
eis. Deos quoque argenteos, et aureos, et aereos, ferreos,
ligneosque, et lapideos, qui non vident, neque audiunt, neque
sentiunt, laudasti. Porro Deum, qui habet flatum tuum in manu sua,
et omnes vias tuas, non glorificasti.
(24) “Idcirco ab eo missus est articulus manus quae scripsit
hoc quod exaratum est. (25) Haec est autem scriptura quae digesta
est: MANE, THECEL, PHARES.324
(26) “Et haec est interpretatio sermonis. MANE: numeravit
Deus regnum tuum et complevit illud. (27) THECEL: appensus es
in statera, et inventus es minus habens. (28) PHARES: divisum est
regnum tuum, et datum est Medis et Persis.”325
(29) Tunc jubente rege indutus est Daniel purpura, et
circumdata est torques aurea collo ejus. Et praedicatum est de eo
quod haberet potestatem tertius in regno suo.
(30) Eadem nocte interfectus est Baltassar, rex Chaldaeus. (31)
Et Darius Medus successit in regnum, annos natus sexaginta duos.
(6:1) Placuit Dario, et constituit super regnum satrapas
centum viginti, ut essent in toto regno suo. (2) Et super eos
principes tres, ex quibus Daniel unus erat, ut satrapae illis redderent
rationem et rex non sustineret molestiam.
323 adversum … elevatus es: you elevated yourself against the ruler of
Heaven. Take elevatus es as refl./mid.
324 MANE, THECEL, PHARES are three types of coins listed in
order of descending value. The words literally mean “to number,” “to
weigh,” and “to divide.”
325 In 550 the Persian Cyrus defeated the Medes. Later, in 539 B.C., he
took over the Babylonian Empire. The exact identity of the Darius
mentioned in verse 31 and in chaper 6 is not certain.
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
105
(3) Igitur Daniel superabat omnes principes et satrapas, quia
spiritus Dei amplior erat in illo. (4) Porro rex cogitabat constituere
eum super omne regnum, unde principes et satrapae quaerebant
occasionem ut invenirent Danieli ex326 latere regis. Nullamque
causam et suspicionem reperire potuerunt, eo quod327 fidelis esset,
et omnis culpa et suspicio non inveniretur in eo.
(5) Dixerunt ergo viri illi, “Non inveniemus Danieli huic
aliquam occasionem nisi forte in lege Dei sui.” Tunc principes et
satrapae surripuerunt regi, et sic locuti sunt ei, “Dari Rex, in
aeternum vive! (7) Consilium inierunt omnes principes regni tui,
magistratus, et satrapae, senatores, et judices ut decretum
imperatorium exeat et edictum, ut omnis qui petierit aliquam
petitionem a quocumque deo et homine usque ad triginta dies, nisi
a te, Rex, mittatur in lacum leonum. (8) Nunc itaque, Rex, confirma
sententiam, et scribe decretum, ut non immutetur quod statutum
est a Medis et Persis, nec praevaricari cuiquam liceat.”
(9) Porro rex Darius proposuit edictum et statuit. (10)
Quod,328 cum Daniel comperisset, id est, constitutam legem,
ingressus est domum suam. Et fenestris apertis in cenaculo suo
contra Jerusalem tribus temporibus in die flectebat genua sua et
adorabat, confitebaturque coram Deo suo sicut et ante facere
consueverat.
(11) Viri ergo illi curiosius inquirentes invenerunt Danielem
orantem et obsecrantem Deum suum. (12) Et accedentes locuti
sunt regi super edicto. “Rex, numquid329 non constituisti ut omnis
homo qui rogaret quemquam de diis et hominibus usque ad dies
triginta, nisi te, Rex, mitteretur in lacum leonum?” Ad quos
respondens rex ait, “Verus est sermo juxta decretum Medorum
atque Persarum quod praevaricari non licet.”
(13) Tunc respondentes dixerunt coram rege, “Daniel, de filiis
captivitatis Juda, non curavit de lege tua et de edicto quod
constituisti. Sed tribus temporibus per diem orat obsecratione sua.”
ex latere regis: “with regard to the king” (DR)
eo quod: for the reason that, because; eo quod often takes the
subjunctive.
328 Quod refers to contitutam [esse] legem: and this (quod), when
Daniel discovered it, namely that the law had been be established
329 numquid non: did you not?
326
327
106
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
(14) Quod verbum cum audisset rex, satis contristatus est, et
pro Daniele posuit cor ut liberaret eum, et usque ad occasum solis
laborabat ut erueret illum.
(15) Viri autem illi, intelligentes regem, dixerunt ei, “Scito,
Rex, quia lex Medorum atque Persarum est ut omne decretum
quod constituerit rex, non liceat immutari.”
(16) Tunc rex praecepit. Et adduxerunt Danielem, et miserunt
eum in lacum leonum. Dixitque rex Danieli, “Deus tuus, quem
colis semper, ipse liberabit te.”
(17) Allatusque est lapis unus, et positus est super os laci,
quem obsignavit rex anulo suo et anulo optimatum suorum ne quid
fieret contra Danielem. (18) Et abiit rex in domum suam, et
dormivit incenatus, cibique non sunt allati coram eo, insuper et
somnus recessit ab eo.
(19) Tunc rex primo diluculo consurgens festinus ad lacum
leonum perrexit. (20) Appropinquansque lacui, Danielem voce
lacrimabili inclamavit, et affatus est eum, “Daniel, serve Dei
viventis, Deus tuus, cui tu servis semper, putasne330 valuit te
liberare a leonibus?”
(21) Et Daniel regi respondens ait, “Rex, in aeternum vive!
(22) Deus meus misit angelum suum, et conclusit ora leonum, et
non nocuerunt mihi, quia coram eo justitia inventa est in me. Sed et
coram te, Rex, delictum non feci.”
(23) Tunc vehementer rex gavisus est super eo, et Danielem
praecepit educi de lacu. Eductusque est Daniel de lacu, et nulla
laesio inventa est in eo, quia credidit Deo suo. (24) Jubente autem
rege, adducti sunt viri illi qui accusaverant Danielem, et in lacum
leonum missi sunt ipsi, et filii, et uxores eorum. Et non
pervenerunt usque ad pavimentum laci donec arriperent eos leones,
et omnia ossa eorum comminuerunt.
(25) Tunc Darius rex scripsit universis populis, tribubus, et
linguis habitantibus in universa terra, “Pax vobis multiplicetur! (26)
A me constitutum est decretum ut in universo imperio et regno
meo tremiscant et paveant Deum Danielis. Ipse est enim Deus
vivens, et aeternus in saecula.331 Et regnum ejus non dissipabitur, et
potestas ejus usque in aeternum. (27) Ipse liberator, atque salvator,
330 putasne … leonibus?: has be been able, do you think, to save you from
the lions?
331 in saecula: forever
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
107
faciens signa et mirabilia in caelo et in terra, qui liberavit Danielem
de lacu leonum.”
(28) Porro Daniel perseveravit usque ad regnum Darii
regnumque Cyri Persae.
V. THE STORY OF JONAH (JONAH 1-4)
(1:1) Et factum est verbum Domini ad Jonam, filium Amathi,
dicens, (2) “Surge, et vade Niniven,332 civitatem grandem, et
praedica in ea, quia ascendit malitia ejus coram me.”
(3) Et surrexit Jonas ut fugeret in Tharsis333 a facie Domini, et
descendit in Joppen,334 et invenit navem euntem in Tharsis. Et
dedit naulum ejus, et descendit in eam ut iret cum eis in Tharsis a
facie Domini.
(4) Dominus autem misit ventum magnum in mare. Et facta
est tempestas magna in mari, et navis periclitabatur conteri. (5) Et
timuerunt nautae, et clamaverunt viri ad deum suum. Et miserunt
vasa quae erant in navi in mare ut alleviaretur ab eis. Et Jonas
descendit ad interiora navis et dormiebat sopore gravi.
(6) Et accessit ad eum gubernator, et dixit ei, “Quid tu sopore
deprimeris? Surge, invoca Deum tuum, si forte recogitet Deus de
nobis et non pereamus.”
(7) Et dixit vir335 ad collegam suam, “Venite, et mittamus
sortes, et sciamus quare hoc malum sit nobis.” Et miserunt sortes,
et cecidit sors super Jonam. (8) Et dixerunt ad eum, “Indica nobis
cujus336 causa malum istud sit nobis? Quod est opus tuum? Quae
terra tua? Et quo vadis? Vel ex quo populo es tu?”
(9) Et dixit ad eos, “Hebraeus ego sum, et Dominum Deum
caeli ego timeo, qui fecit mare et aridam.”
(10) Et timuerunt viri timore magno, et dixerunt ad eum,
“Quid hoc fecisti?” (Cognoverunt enim viri quod a facie Domini
fugeret quia indicaverat eis.) (11) Et dixerunt ad eum, “Quid
332 Nineveh was the capital of the Assyrian Empire. This story might
have been set in the early 700s. Later in the century, Assyria would
dominate Israel.
333 The exact location of Tarshish is debated.
334 Joppa is a town on the coast of the Mediterranean, a little
northwest of Jerusalem.
335 vir: [each] man
336 cujus causa: for the sake of whom; causa is ablative here.
108
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
faciemus tibi et cessabit mare a nobis?” quia mare ibat337 et
intumescebat.
(11) Et dixit ad eos, “Tollite me, et mittite in mare, et cessabit
mare a nobis. Scio enim ego quoniam propter me tempestas haec
grandis venit super vos.”
(13) Et remigabant viri ut reverterentur ad aridam, et non
valebant, quia mare ibat, et intumescebat super eos. (14) Et
clamaverunt ad Dominum, et dixerunt, “Quaesumus, Domine, ne
pereamus in338 anima viri istius, et ne des super nos sanguinem
innocentem, quia tu, Domine, sicut voluisti fecisti.”
(15) Et tulerunt Jonam et miserunt in mare, et stetit339 mare a
fervore suo. (16) Et timuerunt viri timore magno Dominum, et
immolaverunt hostias Domino, et voverunt vota.
(2:1) Et praeparavit Dominus piscem grandem ut deglutiret
Jonam. Et erat Jonas in ventre piscis tribus diebus et tribus
noctibus. (2) Et oravit Jonas ad Dominum Deum suum de ventre
piscis, (3) et dixit, “Clamavi de tribulatione mea ad Dominum, et
exaudivit me. De ventre inferi clamavi, et exaudisti vocem meam.
(4) “Et projecisti me in profundum in corde maris, et flumen
circumdedit me. Omnes gurgites tui et fluctus tui super me
transierunt. (5) Et ego dici, ‘Abjectus sum a conspectu oculorum
tuorum, verumtamen rursus videbo templum sanctum tuum.’
(6) “Circumdederunt me aquae usque ad animam. Abyssus
vallavit me; pelagus operuit caput meam. (7) Ad extrema montium
descendi; terrae vectes concluserunt me in aeternum, et sublevabis
de corruptione vitam meam, Domine, Deus meus.
(8) “Cum angustiaretur in me anima mea, Domini340
recordatus sum, ut veniat ad te oratio mea, ad templum sanctum
tuum. (9) Qui341 custodiunt vanitates frustra, misericordiam suam
derelinquunt. (10) Ego autem in voce laudis immolabo tibi;
quaecumque vovi, reddam pro salute Domino.”
(11) Et dixit Dominus pisci, et evomuit Jonam in aridam.
ibat et intumescebat: “flowed and swelled” (DR)
in anima viri istius: for the sake of this man’s soul
339 stetit: grew calm
340 Domini … tuum: “I remembered the Lord: that my prayer may
come to thee, unto thy holy temple” (DR)
341 Qui: [Those] who
337
338
WISDOM LITERATURE AND
THE PROPHETS
109
(3:1) Et factum est verbum Domini ad Jonam secundo dicens,
(2) “Surge, et vade in Niniven civitatem magnam, et praedica in ea
praedicationem quam ego loquor ad te.”
(3) Et surrexit Jonas et abiit in Niniven juxta verbum Domini,
et Ninive erat civitas magna itinere342 trium dierum. (4) Et coepit
Jonas introire in civitatem itinere diei unius et clamavit et dixit,
“Adhuc343 quadraginta dies et Nineve subvertetur.”
(5) Et crediderunt viri Ninivitae in Deum, et praedicaverunt
jejunium, et vestiti sunt saccis a majore usque ad minorem. (6) Et
pervenit verbum ad regem Ninive. Et surrexit de solio suo, et
abjecit vestimentum suum a se, et indutus est sacco, et sedit in
cinere. (7) Et clamavit et dixit in Ninive ex ore regis et principum
ejus, dicens, “Homines, et jumenta, et boves, et pecora non gustent
quidquam; nec pascantur, et aquam non bibant.
(8) “Et operiantur saccis homines et jumenta, et clament ad
Dominum in344 fortitudine, et convertatur vir a via sua mala, et ab
iniquitate quae est in manibus eorum. Quis scit si convertatur et
ignoscat Deus, et revertatur a furore irae suae et non peribimus?”
(10) Et vidit Deus opera eorum, quia conversi sunt de via sua
mala. Et misertus est Deus super malitiam quam locutus fuerat ut
faceret eis, et non fecit.
(4:1) Et afflictus est Jonas afflictione magna et iratus est. (2)
Et oravit ad Dominum et dixit, “Obsecro, Domine, numquid non
hoc est verbum meum, cum adhuc essem in terra mea? Propter hoc
praeoccupavi ut fugerem in Tharsis. Scio enim quia tu Deus
clemens et misericors es, patiens, et multae miserationis et
ignoscens super malitia. (3) Et nunc, Domine, tolle, quaeso,
animam meam a me, quia melior est mihi mors quam vita.”
(4) Et dixit Dominus, “Putasne bene irasceris tu?”
(5) Et egressus est Jonas de civitate et sedit contra orientem
civitatis, et fecit sibimet umbraculum ibi, et sedebat subter illud in
umbra donec videret quid accideret civitati. Et praeparavit
Dominus Deus hederam,345 et ascendit super caput Jonae ut esset
itinere trium dierum: “of three days journey” (DR); itinere is an
abl. of measure (P&W 115).
343 Adhuc: from now
344 in fortitudine: with might
345 The Hebrew word which Jerome translates as hederam, ivy, is
often translated as “gourd.”
342
110
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
umbra super caput ejus et protegeret eum, laboraverat enim. Et
laetatus est Jonas super hedera laetitia magna.
(7) Et paravit Deus vermem ascensu diluculi in crastinum, et
percussit hederam, et exaruit. (8) Et cum ortus fuisset sol, praecipit
Dominus vento calido et urenti. Et percussit sol super caput Jonae
et aestuabat. Et petivit animae suae ut moreretur et dixit, “Melius
est mihi mori quam vivere.”
(9) Et dixit Dominus ad Jonam, “Putasne bene irasceris tu
super hedera?” Et dixit, “Bene irascor ego usque ad mortem.”
(10) Et dixit Dominus, “Tu doles super hederam, in qua non
laborasti, neque fecisti ut cresceret, quae sub una nocte nata est, et
sub una nocte periit. (11) Et ego non parcam Ninive, civitati
magnae, in qua sunt plus quam centum viginti millia hominum, qui
nesciunt quid sit inter dexteram et sinistram suam, et jumenta
multa?”
DICTIONARY
All words with two asterisks refer to the Basic Vocabulary in the
Introduction; they should be learned thoroughly. Words with one
asterisk appear at least three times in the running vocabulary in the
footnotes. A number one (1) indicates that a verb is a regular first
conjugation, either active or deponent.
Genders and genitive forms are not included for several
nouns, especially place names, since the words are often
indeclinable and/or the gender varies or is unknown. The
following abbreviations are used:
abl. ablative
acc. accusative
adv. adverb
conj. conjunction
dat. dative
f. feminine
gen. genitive
lit. literally
m. masculine
n. neuter
pl. plural
prep. preposition
refl./mid. reflexive/middle
sing. singular
subst. substantive (an adjective used as a noun)
w. with
**ā, ab, or abs (prep. + abl.) from, by
Abdenago (m.) Abednego (a young Jewish man in Babylon)
*abeō, -īre, -iī (-īvī) go away
Abinadab (m.) Abinadab (David’s brother)
abjectiō, -ōnis (f.) outcast
111
112
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
abjiciō, -ere, abjēcī, abjectum cast off, cast away
ablactō (1) wean
Abraham (m.) Abraham
absconditus, -a, -um hidden
*abscondō, -ere, -condī, -conditum hide
absque (prep. + abl.) without
abundantia, -ae (f.) abundance
abundō (1) abound, be rich
abyssus, -ī (f.) abyss, the deep
*ac or atque (conj.) and
accēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum approach, come
acceptō (1) accept, receive
accersō, -ere, -īvī, -ītum summon
accidō, -ere, accidī happen
accingō, -ere, accinxī, accinctum gird, put on
*accipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take, receive
accumbō, -ere, -cubuī, -cubitum lie down with
accusō (1) accuse
aciēs, aciēī (f.) line, eyesight, battle line, army
acquiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum agree, acquiesce
actus, -ūs (m.) act
**ad (prep. + acc.) to, towards, according to
adaquō (1) give water to
*addō, -ere, -didī, -ditum add
addūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring to
adeps, adipis (m./f.) fat, marrow
*adhaereō, -ēre, adhaesī, adhaesum cling
adhūc (adv.) still
adjūtor, -ōris (m.) helper
adjuvō (1) help
adoptō (1) adopt
*adorō (1) adore, worship
*adsum, adesse, adfuī be present
adsūmō (see assumō)
adulescens (adolescens), -entis (m./f.) young man or woman
adulescentia (adolescentia), -ae (f.) youth
adultus, -a, -um adult
adūrō, -ere, -ussī, -ustum burn, singe
advena, -ae (m./f.) stranger
adveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum arrive
DICTIONARY
113
adversārius, -iī (m.) adversary, enemy
*adversum or adversus (adv. or prep. + acc.) against, in front of,
in the presence of
adversum, -ī (n.) adversity; the opposite
aedēs, aedis (f.) room (sing.); house (pl.)
*aedificō (1) build
Aegyptius, -a, -um Egyptian; an Egyptian (m. as subst.)
Aegyptus, -ī (f.) Egypt
aequitās, -ātis (f.) fairness, equity
*aereus, -a, -um bronze
aes, aeris (n.) bronze
aestuō (1) burn
aetās, -ātis (f.) age
*aeternum, -ī (n.) eternity
aeternus, -a, -um eternal
*afferō, afferre, attulī, allātum bring
*afflictiō, -ōnis (f.) affliction
afflīgō, -ere, -flixī, -flictum afflict
affor (adfor) (1) address
ager, agrī (m.) field
*agmen, agminis (n.) battle line, army
agnus, -ī (m.) lamb
**agō, -ere, ēgī, actum do, act
**aiō (irregular) say
āla, -ae (f.) wing
aliēnus, -a, -um belonging to another, other, strange, foreign
aliōquin (adv.) otherwise
*aliquis, aliquid (quis, quid after si, nisi, num, or ne)
anyone/thing
**alius, alia, aliud another person/thing
allēlūja alleluia (praise Jehovah)
alleviō (1) lighten
alligō (1) bind
altāre, altāris (n.) altar
**alter, -era, -erum another, the second of two
altitūdō, -inis (f.) height
alveus, -ī (m.) channel (of a river)
amāritūdō, -inis (f.) bitterness
Amathus, - ī (m.) Amathus or Amittai (Jonah’s father)
ambulō (1) walk
114
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
amīcus, -ī (m.) friend
amnis, amnis (m./f.) river, stream
Amorrhaeus, -ī (m.) an Amorite
amplius (adv.) even more, yet more
*ancilla, -ae (f.) handmaid
angelus, -ī (m.) angel
angulus, -ī (m.) angle, corner
angustiō (1) make tight, distress
**anima, -ae (f.) life, soul, being, creature
animans, -antis living; living thing (m./f./n. as subst.)
*annuntiō (1) announce
*annus, -ī (m.) year
ante (prep. + acc.) in front of, before
antecedō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum go before
antīquus, -a, -um old, ancient
ānulus (annulus), -ī (m.) ring
*aperiō, -īre, -uī, apertum open
*appāreō, -ēre, -uī, -itum appear
appellō (1) name
apprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hensum grab, seize
appropinquō (1) approach
*apud (prep. + acc.) with, in the presence of
**aqua, -ae (f.) water
arbiter, arbitrī (m.) witness
*ardeō, -ēre, arsī, arsum burn
āreō, -ēre, āruī dry up, be dry, wither
argūmentum, -ī (n.) proof, evidence
*arguō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum rebuke, reprove
ārida, -ae (f.) dry land
ariēs, -ētis (m.) ram
armātus, -a, -um armed
armiger, -era, -erum armor bearing; armor bearer (m. as subst.)
arō (1) plow
arripiō (adripiō), -ere, -ripuī, -reptum seize, snatch
articulus, -ī (m.) joint, finger
arx, arcis (f.) fortress, citadel
*ascendō, -ere, ascendī, ascensum ascend, climb
ascensus, -ūs (m.) rising
asina, -ae (f.) she-ass
asinus, -ī (m.) ass
DICTIONARY
115
*aspectus, -ūs countenance, face, appearance
aspergō, -ere, aspersī, aspersum sprinkle
aspiciō, -ere, aspexī, aspectum look at
aspis, aspidis (f.) asp, adder
asportō (1) carry off, take away
assistō (adsistō), -ere, astitī stand near
assumō (adsumō), -ere, -sumpsī, -sumptum take up, take
assumptiō, -ōnis (f.) protection
*atque (conj.) and
ātrium, -iī (n.) atrium, court, hall
attamen (conj.) but, yet
audeō, -ēre, ausus sum dare
**audiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum hear
audītus, -ūs (m.) hearing
*auferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātum take away
aula, -ae (f.) court, palace
*aureus, -a, -um gold, golden
auris, auris (f.) ear
**autem (conj.) but, however, and
auxilium, -iī (n.) help
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversum turn from, turn away
avis, avis (f.) bird
Azeca Azeca or Azekah (a city in Canaan)
Babylōn, -ōnis (f.) Babylon
*baculus, -ī (m.) or baculum, -ī (n.) staff, stick
Baltassar (m.) Belteshazzar (Babylonian name for Daniel)
Bathsabee (f.) Bathsheba
**beātus, -a, -um blessed
bellātor, -ōris (m.) warrior
bellum, -ī (n.) war
bene (adv.) well
**benedīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum (+ dat.) bless; curse (as a
euphemism)
benedictus, -a, -um blessed
benignē (adv.) kindly
*bestia, -ae (f.) beast
Bethlehem (n.) Bethlehem
*bibō, -ere, bibī, bibitum drink
bitūmen, -inis (n.) mud
blasphēmia, -ae (f.) blasphemy, insult
116
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
**bonus, -a, -um good
*bōs, bovis (m./f.) cow, ox
brācae, -ārum (f. pl.) pants, trousers
bysinnus, -a, -um linen, of linen
cadāver, -eris (n.) corpse
*cadō, -ere, cecidī, cāsum fall
caeles (coeles), -itis heavenly, celestial
**caelum (coelum), -ī (n.) sky, heaven
calceāmentum, -ī (n.) sandal, shoe
cālīgō, -inis (f.) mist, darkness
calix (calyx), calicis (m.) chalice, cup
camēlus, -ī (m.) camel
camīnus, -ī (m.) forge, oven
campus, -ī (m.) field
canālis, -is (m.) trough
candēlābrum, -ī (n.) candlestick, candlestand
*canis, canis (m.) dog
*canticum, -ī (n.) song, canticle
capillus, -ī (m.) hair
*caput, capitis (n.) head
*carcer, carceris (m.) prison
cārectum, -ī (m.) bed of sedge grass
*carō, carnis (f.) meat, flesh
carpō, -ere, carpsī, carptum pull, pluck, seize
cāseus, -ī (m.) or cāseum, -ī (n.) cheese
cassis, cassidis (f.) helmet
*castra, -ōrum (n. pl.) camp
castramētor (1) encamp
cathedra, -ae (f.) seat, chair
catulus, -ī (m.) cub, whelp, young one
causa, -ae (f.) cause, case, claim
caverna, -ae (f.) cave
cēlō (1) hide
celtis, -is (m.) chisel
cēnāculum (coenāculum), -ī (n.) upper floor, upper room
centum one hundred
cēra, -ae (f.) wax
cernō, -ere, crēvī, crētum see
*certāmen, -inis (n.) contest
certē (adv.) certainly, surely
DICTIONARY
117
cessō (1) stop, cease
cētē (n. pl.) (cētus, -ī [m.]) whale
Chaldaeus, -a, -um Chaldean; a Chaldean, soothsayer, astrologer
(m. as subst.)
Chananaeus, -ī (m.) a Canaanite
chorda, -ae (f.) stringed instrument
chorus, -ī (m.) choir, chorus
cibus, -ī (m.) food
cinctōrium, -iī (n.) swordbelt, girdle
cingulum, -ī (n.) or cingulus, -ī (m.) girdle, belt
cinis, cineris (m.) ashes
circā (prep. + acc.) around
circueō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go around
circuitus, -ūs (m.) circuit
*circumdō, -dare, -dedī, -datum encompass, surround
circumducō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead around, swing around
circumpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put something (acc.) around
someone/thing (dat.)
circumspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look around
*cithara, -ae (f.) harp
cīvitās, -ātis (f.) city
*clamō (1) shout
clāmor, -ōris (m.) shout, cry
clāmōsus, -a, -um loud, contentious, clamoring
claudō, -ere, clausī, clausum close, close in, imprison
clēmens, -entis merciful, forgiving
clipeus (clypeus), -ī (m.) shield
coelum (see caelum)
coeō, coīre, coiī (coīvī), coitum have sexual relations with
coepī, coepisse begin (perfect as present)
cōgitātiō, -ōnis (f.) thought
cōgitō (1) think
cognātus, -ī (m.) relative
*cognoscō, -ere, -nōvī, -nitum know
collēga, -ae (m.) colleague, fellow
collīdō, -ere, -līsī, -līsum knock together
collīgō (1) tie up, bind together
collocō (1) place
collum, -ī (n.) neck
*colō, -ere, -uī, cultum worship
118
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
columna, -ae (f.) column, pillar
combūrō (conbūrō), -ere, -ussī, -ustum burn up
*comedō, -ere (-esse), -ēdī, -ēsum (-estum) eat with, eat
together
commendō (1) entrust, hand over
comminuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum crush to pieces
commoror (1) remain, dwell
commoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtum move, stir up
commutō (1) change
compāgēs, -is (f.) joints, structure
compediō, -īre, [no perfect active], compedītum bind
comperiō, -īre, -perī, -pertum discover
compleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum complete, finish
comprehendō, -ere, -hendī, -hensum understand, take, include
concidō, -ere, -cidī fall, be disheartened
concilium, -iī (n.) council
concipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum conceive
conclūdō, -ere, -clūsī, -clūsum enclose, shut up
concubīna, -ae (f.) concubine
concupiō, -ere desire, covet
concutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike
condō, -ere, -didī, -ditum set, establish, place
*confessiō, -ōnis (f.) confession, praise
confestim (adv.) immediately
conficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum make thoroughly, complete
confirmō (1) strengthen, confirm
*confiteor, -ērī, confessus sum confess, trust in, give thanks
*confortō (1) grow strong, become very strong
confundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsum put to shame, confuse, disturb
congregātiō, -ōnis (f.) gathering, congregation
*congregō (1) gather together, congregate
conjector, -ōris (m.) interpreter
conjiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum conjecture, give an interpretation
conjunx, conjugis (m./f.) spouse, husband, wife
conscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum ascend, climb
conservō (1) preserve, save
*consīderō (1) look upon, consider
*consilium, -iī (n.) plan, advice, counsel
consimilis, -e (+ gen. or dat.) similar, like
consōlor (1) console, comfort
DICTIONARY
*conspectus, -ūs (m.) sight
conspergō, -ere, -spersī, -spersum sprinkle, moisten
*conspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum see, look at
*constituō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum decide, appoint
consuescō, -ere, -suēvī, -suētum be accustomed
consuētūdō, -inis (f.) custom
*consūmō, -ere, -sumpsī, -sumptum consume
*consurgō, -ere, -surrexī, -surrectum rise up, get up
contemnō, -ere, -tempsī, -temptum despise, slight
contemplor (1) look at, consider
conterō, -ere, -trīvī, -trītum destroy, break up
contingō, -ere, -tigī, -tactum touch
*contrā (prep. + acc.) against, in the face of, towards, before
contrādīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum contradict, resist
contribulātus, -a, -um troubled, broken
contristō (1) sadden, make sad
contrītus, -a, -um contrite, saddened
conturbō (1) disturb
*conveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum come together, meet
conversor (1) live
*convertō, -ere, -vertī, -versum turn, convert, strengthen
convīva, -ae (m./f.) guest
convīvium, -iī (n.) party, banquet
cōpiōsus, -a, -um plentiful
*cor, cordis (n.) heart
*cōram (prep. + abl.) in the presence of, in the sight of
cornū, -ūs (n.) horn
**corpus, corporis (n.) body
corruō, -ere, -uī fall, fall down
corruptiō, -ōnis (f.) corruption, harm
crassus, -a, -um fat, sleek
crastinum, -ī (n.) the morrow, the next day
crēditus, -a, -um entrusted
crēdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum (+ dat.) believe, trust
crēdulus, -a, -um trusting in
creō (1) create
crēpīdō, -inis (f.) brink, edge
crescō, -ere, crēvī, crētum increase, grow
crūs, crūris (n.) leg
crux, crucis (f.) cross
119
120
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
cubīle, cubīlis (n.) bed
cubitum, -ī (n.) or cubitus, -ī (m.) cubit (about 1 ½ feet)
culmus, -ī (m.) stalk
culpa, -ae (f.) fault, blame
**cum (conj.) when, while, since, although
**cum (prep. + abl.) with
**cunctus, -a, -um all, the whole
cupiō, -ere, -īvī (-iī), -ītum guard, watch over, keep, desire
cūriōsus, -a, -um careful, diligent, curious
*currō, -ere, cucurrī, cursum run
currus, -ūs (m.) chariot
custōdia, -ae (f.) custody, watch
custōdiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum guard, watch over, keep
custōs, custōdis (m.) guard, keeper
cymbalum, -ī (n.) cymbal
Daniēl, -ēlis (m.) Daniel (also called Baltassar)
Dārīus (m.) Darius (a Persian king)
David (m.) David
**dē (prep. + abl.) from, out of, concerning, of
dealbō (1) to make white
deambulō (1) take a walk
decem ten
*dēclīnō (1) go aside
decōrus, -a, -um beautiful, handsome
*dēcrētum, -ī (n.) decree
dēcursus, -ūs (m.) a flowing down, a stream
decus, -oris (n.) honor, glory, grace
dēdicātiō, -ōnis (f.) dedication
dēdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead, lead down
dēfendō, -ere, -fendī, -fensum defend
dēfensiō, -ōnis (f.) defense
dēferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātum offer, bring
dēfīniō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum determine
dēfluō, -ere, -fluxī pass away, wither
dēformis, -e misshapen
dēglūtiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum swallow
dēlectō (1) cause pleasure; be delighted, take delight (passive as
refl./mid.)
dēleō, -ēre, -ēvī, -ētum blot away, wash away
dēlictum, -ī (n.) fault, crime
DICTIONARY
dēmum (adv.) finally
dens, dentis (m.) tooth
deorsum (adv.) below
dēpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put down
dēprecātiō, -ōnis (f.) prayer
dēprecor (1) beseech, beg
dēprimō, -ere, -pressī, -pressum weigh down
dērādō, -ere, -rāsī, -rāsum scrape
*dērelinquō, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
dērīdeō, -ēre, -rīsī, -rīsum deride, laugh at
dērīsor, -ōris (m.) scorner, scoffer
*dēscendō, -ere, -scendī, -scensum descend, come down
*dēsertum, -ī (n.) desert
dēsertus, -a, -um deserted, dry
dēsīderō (1) desire
dēspectiō, -ōnis (f.) contempt
*dēspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum despise
dēsum, -esse, -fuī be lacking
dēsuper (adv.) above
**deus, deī (m.) god, God
*dēvorō (1) devour, eat
dextera, -ae (f.) right hand
**dīcō, -ere, dixī, dictum say, speak
**diēs, diēī (m./f.) day
dīgerō, -ere, -gessī, -gestum arrange, write
digitus, -ī (m.) finger
*dīligō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum love
dīlūculō (adv.) early, in the morning
dīlūculum, -ī (n.) dawn
dīmittō, -ere, -mīsī, -missum send away, leave alone
dīnumerō (1) number
dīrigō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum direct, control
discēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum depart
discō, -ere, didicī learn
dispereō, -īre, -iī perish, be destroyed
dispergō, -ere, dispersī, dispersum scatter
dissipō (1) scatter, break up, destroy
dissolvō, -ere, -solvī, -solūtum break up, solve
dītō (1) enrich
*dīvidō, -ere, dīvīsī, dīvīsum divide, separate
121
122
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
dīvitiae, -ārum (f. pl.) wealth, riches
*do, dare, dedī, datum give
doceō, -ēre, -uī, doctum teach
doleō, -ēre, doluī suffer, grieve
dolor, -ōris (m.) pain
domina, -ae (f.) mistress
dominātor, -ōris (m.) ruler, governor
dominor (1) (+ gen. or dat.) rule over
**dominus, -ī lord, master, the Lord
Dommim Ephes Dommin (a region in Judea)
**domus, -ūs (domī) house, home, tribe
dōnec (conj.) until, before
dōnum, -ī (n.) gift
*dormiō, -īre, -īvī, -ītum sleep
**dūcō, -ere, duxī, ductum lead
dulcis, -e sweet
*duo, duae, duo two
Dura Dura (a place in Babylon)
dūritia, -ae (f.) harshness
dūrus, -a, -um harsh
dux, ducis (m.) leader
**ē or ex (prep. + abl.) from, out of
*ecce! behold! look!
*ecclēsia, -ae (f.) church, assembly
ēdīcō, -ere, ēdixī, edictum declare, speak out
ēdictum, -ī (n.) edict, law
ēdisserō, -ere, -uī, -sertum explain
edō, edere (esse), ēdī, ēsum eat
ēducō (1) nourish, bring up
ēdūcō, -ere, ēduxī, ēductum lead out, draw out
efferō, efferre, extulī, ēlātum carry out, bear, lift up
effugiō, -ere, effūgī flee
effundō, -ere, effūdī, effūsum pour out
**ego I
*ēgredior, -ī, ēgressus sum depart, come forth
ējiciō, -ere, ējēcī, ējectum cast out
eleēmosyna, -ae (f.) alms
ēlegans, -antis elegant, handsome
ēlevō (1) lift up; exalt oneself (passive as refl./mid.)
Eliab (m.) Eliab (David’s brother)
DICTIONARY
123
Eliezer (m.) Eliezer (Moses’ son)
ēligō, -ere, ēlēgī, ēlectum choose
ēlongō (1) take far away
ēmergō, -ere, ēmersī, ēmersum come out
ēmō, -ere, ēmī, emptum buy
ēn! look!
**enim (conj.) for, because
*eō, īre, iī (īvī), itum go
eō (adv.) on that account; eo quod because
ephi (n.) an ephah (about a bushel)
Ephrathaeus, -a, -um Ephrathite, from Ephrathah
ergā (prep. + acc.) towards, with regard to
**ergō (adv.) therefore
*ērigō, -ere, ērexī, ērectum set up, erect
ēripiō, -ere, ēripuī, ēreptum rescue, deliver
errō (1) wander, stray
ērudiō, -īre, -iī (-īvī), -ītum instruct, teach
ērumpō, -ere, ērūpī, ēruptum break out, burst forth
*ēruō, -ere, -uī, ērutum rescue, deliver
esca, -ae (f.) food; in escam for food
**et (conj.) and, also, even
etenim (conj.) for
**etiam (conj.) also
eunūchus, -ī (m.) eunuch, important official
ēvādō, -ere, ēvāsī, ēvāsum escape
ēventus, -ūs (m.) outcome
ēvigilō (1) awake
ēvomō, -ere, -uī, -itum vomit out
exaltō (1) raise up exalt
exārescō, -ere, -āruī become dry, wither
exarō (1) write
*exaudiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum hear favorably
*excelsus, -a, -um lofty, high; Excelsus, -ī (m.) the Most High
(God)
excīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsum cut down, hew out
excipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum take out, except
exclāmō (1) shout, cry out
exeō, -īre, -īvi (-iī), -itum go out, go forth
*exercitus, -ūs (m.) army
expergēfactus, -a, -um awakened
124
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
expōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put out
*exprobrō (1) (+ dat.) insult, reproach, mock, defy
expugnō (1) overthrow
exsultātiō (exultātiō), -ōnis (f.) gladness, exultation
*exsultō (exultō) (1) rejoice, exult
exsurgō (exurgō), -ere, exsurrexī, exsurrectum arise
extendō, -ere, extendī, extensum (extentum) extend
extraho, -ere, extraxī, extractum draw out, bring out
extrēmus, -a, -um extreme, last, farthest; farther places (n. as
subst.)
*faciēs, faciēī (f.) face, appearance
**faciō, -ere, fēcī, factum do, make
factum, -ī (n.) deed
falsus, -a, -um false
*famēs, famis (f.) famine
familia, -ae (f.) family, household (including slaves)
famula, -ae (f.) maid servant
famulātus, -ūs (m.) service, servitude
famulus, -ī (m.) male servant
faucēs, facium (f. pl.) jaws, throat
fēmina (foemina), -ae (f.) woman
fēminīnus (foeminīnus), -a, -um female
fenestra, -ae (f.) window
fera, -ae (f.) wild animal, beast
**ferō, ferre, tulī, lātum carry, bear
ferreus, -a, -um iron
ferrum, -ī (n.) iron, iron tip
fertilitās, -ātis (f.) fertility
fervor, -ōris (m.) fervor, seething, raging
festīnō (1) hurry
festīnus, -a, -um hurrying, hasty
fidēs, fidēī (f.) faith, faithfulness
figūra, -ae (f.) form, figure
*fīlia, -ae (f.) daughter
*fīlius, -iī (m.) son
*fīnis, fīnis (m./f.) end, boundary; often “land” in pl.
**fīō, fierī, factus sum become, be made, happen
*firmāmentum, -ī (n.) firmament, barrier
firmitās, -ātis (f.) firmness, certainty
fiscella, -ae (f.) basket
DICTIONARY
*fistula, -ae (f.) pipes, flute
*flamma, -ae (f.) flame
flātus, -ūs (m.) breath
flectō, -ere, flexī, flectum blend
flōrens, -entis flourishing, prospering, living well
flōs, flōris (m.) flower
fluctus, -ūs (m.) wave, billow
*flūmen, -inis (n.) river
fluō, -ere, fluxī, fluctum flow
fluvius, -iī (m.) river
foedō (1) disfigure, mar
foedus, -a, -um detestable, hideous, foul
foedus, foederis (n.) pact, covenant
foenum (faenum), -ī (n.) hay
folium, -iī (n.) leaf, foliage
forāmen, -inis (n.) hole
*forās (adv.) outside
foris, foris (f.) door
forīs (adv.) outside, outdoors
formella, -ae (f.) cheese, a piece of cheese
formō (1) form, make
formōsus, -a, -um beautiful, handsome
*fornax, -ācis (f.) furnace, oven
forsitan (adv.) perhaps
*fortē (adv.) by chance, perhaps
*fortis, -e strong, brave
fortiter (adv.) strongly, bravely
fortitūdō, -inis (f.) strength, power
framea, -ae (f.) spear
*frāter, fratris (m.) brother
frons, frontis (f.) brow, forehead
*fructus, -ūs (m.) fruit
frūmentum, -ī (n.) grain
*frustrā (adv.) in vain
*fugiō, -ere, fūgī, fugitum flee
*funda, -ae (f.) sling, slingshot
fūniculus, -ī (m.) line
*furōr, -ōris (m.) anger, rage
furtīvus, -a, -um stolen
furtum, -ī (n.) theft
125
126
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
futūrus, -a, -um future
galea, -ae (f.) helmet
gaudeō, -ēre, gāvīsus sum rejoice, be glad
gaudium, -iī (n.) joy
gemitus, -ūs (m.) groan
*generātiō, -ōnis (f.) generation
generō (1) produce
*gens, gentis (f.) family, nation; often “gentiles” in pl.
genū, -ūs (n.) knee
genuflectō, -ere, -flexī, -flectum bend the knee, bow
*genus, generis (n.) kind, type
germen, -inis (n.) bud, shoot
germinō (1) produce
gerō, -ere, gessī, gestum bear, do
Gersa (m.) Gersa or Gershom (Moses’ son)
Geth Geth or Gath (a city in Canaan)
gigās, gigantis (m.) giant
*gladius, -iī (m.) sword
glōria, -ae (f.) glory
glōrificō (1) glorify
glōriōsus, -a, -um glorious
Goliath (m.) Goliath
gradior, gradī, gressus sum step out, walk
gradus, -ūs (m.) step, degree
grandaevus, -a, -um old
grandis, -e great, large
grātia, -ae (f.) grace, favor
gravis, -e heavy
*grex, gregis (m.) flock
gubernātor, -ōris (m.) helmsman, captain
gubernō (1) govern
gurges, -itis (m.) whirlpool, eddy, stream
gustō (1) taste
**habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum have
habitātiō, -ōnis (f.) dwelling, habitation
habitātor, -ōris (m.) inhabitant, one who dwells
*habitō (1) live
habitūdō, -inis (f.) form, condition
haedus, -ī (m.) young goat, kid
hāmātus, -a, -um with scales
DICTIONARY
harēna (arēna), -ae (f.) sand
hariolus (ariolus), -ī (m.) soothsayer, prophet
haruspex (aruspex), -icis (m.) diviner, soothsayer
*hasta, -ae (f.) spear
hastīle, -is (n.) shaft
hauriō, -īre, hausī, haustum draw (water)
Hebraeus, -a, -um Hebrew
hedera, -ae (f.) ivy
*herba, -ae (f.) grass, herb
herī (adv.) yesterday
Hetthaeus, -ī (m.) a Hittite
Hevaeus, -ī (m.) a Hivite
**hīc, haec, hōc this person/thing
*hodiē (adv.) today
*holocaustum, -ī (n.) holocaust, burnt offering
*homō, hominis (m.) man
honor, -ōris (m.) honor
honōrificō (1) honor, glorify
honōrō (1) honor
*hōra, -ae (f.) hour
Horeb Mt. Horeb (a mountain to the west of the Red Sea)
horreum, -ī (n.) store chamber, barn
hostia, -ae (f.) victim, sacrifice
hostis, hostis (m./f.) enemy
hūc (adv.) here, hither
hūjusmodī or hūjuscemodī of such a kind
hūmānus, -a, -um human
humiliō (1) humble, bring low
humilis, -e humble, lowly
humilitās, -ātis (f.) humility, lowliness
Hus Hus or Uz (a land of unknown location, perhaps Edom)
hymnus, -ī (m.) hymn
hyssōpum, -ī (n.) hyssop
**ibi (ibī) (adv.) there
idcircō (adv.) therefore
*īdem, eadem, idem the same person/thing
ideō (adv.) for this reason, therefore
Idūmaea, -ae (f.) Idumea (a region south of Judea)
**igitur (conj.) therefore
*ignis, ignis (m.) fire
127
128
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
*ignōrō (1) be ignorant of
ignoscō, -ere, -nōvī, -nōtum overlook, forgive
**ille, illa, illud that person/thing; he, she, it
illecebra (inlecebra), -ae (f.) enticement, allurement
illic (adv.) there
*illūc (adv.) there, thither
*illūdō, -ere, -lūsī, -lūsum (+ dat.) mock, trick, make fool of
illūminō (1) illumine, shine on
illūsor, -ōris (m.) mocker, scoffer
imāgō, -inis (f.) image
immolō (1) sacrifice
immūtō (1) change, alter
imperātōrius, -a, -um imperial
imperium, -iī (n.) power, empire, command
impinguō (1) grow fat, make fat, anoint
*impius, -a, -um wicked, impious
impleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill, fill up, accomplish
impōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum put on
impossibilis, -e impossible
**in (prep. + acc. or abl.) into, against (w. acc.); in, on (w. abl.)
inānis, -e empty, void
inaquōsus, -a, -um without water
incantātor, -ōris (m.) enchanter, magician
incēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum go forward
incēnātus (incoenātus) -a, -um without dinner
incertus, -a, -um uncertain
*incircumcīsus, -a, -um uncircumcised
inclamō (1) cry out to
indicium, -iī (n.) sign
indicō (1) make known
induō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum clothe; put on, wear (passive as refl./mid.,
often w. abl. of means)
industrius, -a, -um industrious
inēbriō (1) make drunk
ineō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go into, enter into
infans, infantis (m./f.) infant
infantia, -ae (f.) childhood, infancy
infantulus, -ī (m.) baby boy
inferior, -ius lower
infernus, -ī (m.) underworld, Hades, Hell
DICTIONARY
129
inficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum dye, soak
infīgō, -ere, -fixī, -fixum drive in, thrust in
infundō, -ere, -fūdī, -fūsum pour on, wet
ingemescō, -ere, -gemuī groan
ingredior, ingredī, ingressus sum enter
ingruō, -ere, ingruī attack, fall upon, fight
inhabitō (1) dwell
*inimīcus, -a, -um hostile; enemy (m. as subst.)
*inīquitās, -ātis (f.) evil, sin
iniquus, -a, -um unjust, evil, wicked; evil man (m. as subst.)
injiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast, direct
injūria, -ae (f.) injury, harm
innocentia, -ae (f.) innocence
innovō (1) renew
inopia, -ae (f.) want, poverty
inquam say
inquīrō, -ere, -quisīvī, -quīsītum investigate, inquire, search
insipiens, -entis foolish; fool (m. as subst.)
insons, -ontis innocent
inspiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
instar (noun + gen.) like (lit., the image of)
insuper (adv.) moreover
intellectus, -ūs (m.) wisdom, understanding
intellegentia, -ae (f.) understanding, intelligence
intellegō, -ere, -lexī, -lectum perceive, understand
intendō, -ere, intendī, intentum (intensum) listen to, be
attentive
inter (prep. + acc.) between, among
intereā (adv.) meanwhile
*interficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum kill
interior, -ius inner, within
interpretātiō, -ōnis (f.) explanation, interpretation
interpretor (1) explain, interpret
interrogō (1) ask
intrā (prep. + acc.) within
*intrō (1) enter, come into
intrōdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum bring in
*introeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) go into
intrōgredior, -gredī, -gressus sum enter
intumescō, -ere, -tumuī swell
130
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
intus (adv.) within
invādō, -ere, -vāsī, -vāsum invade, fall upon
invalescō, -ere, -valuī become strong
**inveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum find, come upon, discover
investīgō (1) search out
invicem (adv.) in turn, mutually
invius, -a, -um impassible, trackless, desert
invocō (1) invoke, call upon
**ipse, ipsa, ipsum himself, herself, itself; that very person/thing
īra, -ae (f.) anger
īrascor (1) be angry
*īrātus, -a, -um angry
irrītātiō, -ōnis (f.) irritation, provocation
irruō, -ere, -uī rush upon
**is, ea, id he, she, it
Isaac (m.) Isaac
Isai (m.) Jesse (David’s father)
Ismaēlītēs, -ae (m.) Ishmaelite
Israel, Israelis (m.) Israel (often undeclined)
Isrāhēlītae, -ārum (m. pl.) the Israelites
*iste, ista, istud that person/thing
**ita (adv.) thus, so
**itaque (conj.) and so
iter, itineris (n.) path, way, trip
iterum (adv.) again
jaciō, -ere, jēcī, jactum throw
Jacob (m.) Jacob
jam (adv.) now, already
Jebusaeus, -ī (m.) a Jebusite
jējūnium, -iī (n.) day of fasting
Jerusalem (n.) Jerusalem
Jesse (m.) Jesse (David’s father)
Jethro (m.) Jethro (David’s father = Raguel)
Job (m.) Job
Jōnas (m.) Jonah
Joppē, -ēs (f.) Joppa (a seaport in Palestine)
Joseph (m.) Joseph
**jubeō, -ēre, jussī, jussum order
jūbilātiō, -ōnis (f.) jubilation, rejoicing
jubilō (1) rejoice
DICTIONARY
Juda, -ae (f.) Judah
Jūdaea, -ae (f.) Judea
Jūdaeus, -a, -um Jewish; Jew (m. as subst.)
jūdex, jūdicis (m.) judge
jūdicium, -iī (n.) judgment, good judgment
*jūdicō (1) judge
jugum, -ī (n.) yoke
*jūmentum, -ī (n.) beast, cow
*jūrō (1) swear
jussiō, -ōnis (f.) order, command
justificō (1) justify
*justitia, -ae (f.) justice
*justus, -a, -um just; just person (m. as subst.)
*juxtā (prep. + acc.) next to, according to
*labium, -iī (n.) lip
labōrō (1) work, be in distress
lac, lactis (m.) milk
lacinia, -ae (f.) border
lacrimābilis (lacrymābilis), -e tearful
lacus, -ūs (m.) lake, basin, den
laesiō, -ōnis (f.) injury
*laetitia, -ae (f.) happiness, gladness
laetor (1) rejoice
lāmina (lammina), -ae (f.) plate, metal plate
lapideus, -a, -um stone, made of stone
*lapis, -idis (m.) stone
later, -eris (m.) brick
lātitūdō, -inis (f.) breadth, width
latus, -eris (n.) side, flank, party
*laudō (1) praise
*laus, laudis (f.) praise
*lavō, -āre, lāvī, lautum (lotum) bathe, wash
legō, -ere, lēgī, lectum read
*leō, leōnis (m.) lion
Levi (m.) Levi (the priestly tribe)
levō (1) raise, lift up
lex, lēgis (f.) law
liber, librī (m.) book
līberātor, -ōris (m.) liberator
liberī, -ōrum (m. pl.) children
131
132
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
*līberō (1) free
licet, licuit it is allowed
līciātōrium, -iī (n.) beam
ligātum, -ī (n.) difficulty
ligneus, -a, -um wooden
*lignum, -ī (n.) tree, wood
ligō (1) bind, tie
limpidus, -a, -um smooth
*lingua, -ae (f.) tongue
linō, -ere, lēvī, litum smear, coat
liqueō, -ēre, līquī (līcuī) be liquid
*locus, -ī (m.) or loca, -ōrum (n. pl.) place
longaevus, -a, -um long-lived
longē (adv.) far, from afar
longitūdō, -inis (f.) length
*loquor, loquī, locūtus sum say, speak
lōrīca, -ae (f.) breastplate
*lūceō, -ēre, luxī shine
lumbus, -ī (m.) loins, middle
**lūmen, -inis (n.) light
lūmināre, lūmināris (n.) light
lupus, -ī (m.) wolf
lutum, -ī (n.) dirt, clay, mud brick
**lux, lūcis (f.) light
maciēs, maciēī (f.) thinness, emaciation
macilentus, -a, -um thin, lean
macula, -ae (f.) stain, blot
Madian Madian or Midian (area to the east of the Red Sea)
Magala Magala (a place in Canaan)
*magister, -trī master, chief, overseer
*magistrātus, -ūs (m.) magistrate
magnificentia, -ae (f.) magnificence, splendor
magnificō (1) magnify, glorify
magnitūdō, -inis (f.) magnitude, greatness
**magnus, -a, -um large, great
magus, -ī (m.) magician, wise man
major, majus larger, older, greater (comparative of magnus)
maledīcō, -ere, -dixī, -dictum curse
malignantes, -ium (m. pl.) evildoers, the wicked
malitia, -ae (f.) wickedness, evil
DICTIONARY
133
**malus, -a, -um bad, evil; an evil (n. as subst.)
mandūcō (1) eat
*māne (indecl. noun or adv.) morning; in the morning
maneō, -ēre, mansī, mansum remain
manifestō (1) make clear
manifestus, -a, -um clear
mansuētus, -a, -um meek, humble
**manus, -ūs (f.) hand
*mare, maris (n.) sea
marītus, -ī (m.) husband
mās, maris (m.) man
masculīnus, -a, -um male
mascūlus, -ī (m.) man
*māter, matris (f.) mother
mātūtīnus, -a, -um morning
Mēdī, -ōrum (m. pl.) Medes
meditor (1) meditate
*medius, -a, -um middle; the middle (n. as subst.)
mel, mellis (n.) honey
melior, melius better (comparative of bonus)
meminī, -isse remember (perfect as present); memento
(imperative)
memoriālis, -e memorial; a memorial (n. as subst.)
mensa, -ae (f.) table
mensis, mensis (m.) month
mentum, -ī (n.) chin, throat
mercēs, -ēdis (f.) wage
-met (an intensifier)
metuō, -ere, -uī, metūtum fear
**meus, -a, -um my, mine
mīles, -itis (m.) soldier
*mille, millia (mīlia) thousand
minimus, -a, -um smallest, youngest (superlative of parvus)
minister, ministrī (m.) minister, advisor
ministrō (1) serve
minō (1) drive, lead
minor, minus smaller (comparative of parvus)
mīrābilis, -e wonderful
mīrus, -a, -um strange, wonderful
Misach (m.) Meshach (a young Jewish man in Babylon)
134
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
misceō, -ēre, -uī, mixtum mix, mingle
miserātiō, -ōnis (f.) mercy
*misereor, -ērī, misertus (miseritus) sum (+ gen.) pity
*misericordia, -ae (f.) pity
misericors, -cordis merciful, compassionate, tender-hearted
**mittō, -ere, mīsī, missum send, place, cast, throw
modus, -ī (m.) kind, type
moechor (1) commit adultery
moenia, -ium (n. pl.) walls, ramparts
molestia, -ae (f.) annoyance, trouble
molestus, -a, -um troublesome
*mons, montis (m.) mountain
*morior, morī, mortuus sum die
moror (1) delay, stay
mors, mortis (f.) death
mortuus, -a, -um dead
mōtābilis, -e moving
*moveō, -ēre, mōvī, mōtum move (passive as refl./mid.)
*Moysēs (Mōsēs), -is or -ī, Moysī (dat.), Moysēn (acc.) Moses
*mulier, -eris (f.) woman, wife
multipliciter (adv.) in many ways
*multiplicō (1) multiply (passive as refl./mid.)
multitūdō, -inis (f.) multitude
multum (adv.) greatly, very much
**multus, -a, -um much, many
mundō (1) cleanse, wash
mundus, -a, -um clean
mūnus, -eris (n.) gift
mūrus, -ī (m.) wall
*mūsica, -ōrum (n. pl.) music
mūtō (1) change
Nabuchodonosor (m.) Nebuchadnezzar (King of Babylon)
*nam (conj.) for
*narrō (1) tell
*nascor, nascī, natus sum be born
Nathan (m.) Nathan (a prophet during the time of David)
naulum, -ī (n.) ship fare
nauta, -ae (f.) sailor
nāvis, -is (f.) ship
**nē (adv. and conj.) not, that not, lest
DICTIONARY
135
**nec or neque (adv. and conj.) not, and not; neque … neque
neither … nor …
necnon (conj.) and also, likewise, certainly
nefārius, -a, -um wicked, evil
nēmō, nēminis (m./f.) no one
nēquāquam (adv.) in no way
neque (see nec)
nequeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum be unable
nēquitia, -ae (f.) wickedness
nesciō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum not know
*nihil (n.) nothing
*nimis (adv.) exceedingly
nimium (adv.) exceedingly, too much
nimius, -a, -um very much, very great
Ninivē, -ēs (f.) Ninevah (capital of Assyria)
Ninivītae, -ārum (m. pl.) Ninevites
nisi (conj.) except, unless, if not
nix, nivis (f.) snow
noceō, -ēre, -uī, -itum harm
*nōlō, nolle, nōluī not wish; don’t (imperative)
*nōmen, -inis (n.) name
**nōn (adv.) not
nonne (adv.) introduces a question expecting a “yes” answer
**nōs we
*noscō, -ere, nōvī, nōtum come to know; know (perfect); knew
(past perfect)
*noster, nostra, nostrum our
*novus, -a, -um new; novissimus, -a, -um newest, latest, last
*nox, noctis (f.) night
nūdus, -a, -um nude, naked
nullus, -a, -um no, none; no one (m. as subst.)
*num (adv.) surely not (introduces a question expecting a “no”
answer)
numerō (1) count, number
numquam (adv.) never
*numquid (adv.) (an interrogative word)
nunc (adv.) now
*nuntiō (1) announce
nuntius, -iī (m.) messenger
nūtriō (or nutrior, etc.), -īre nurse
136
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
obdūrō (1) harden
obediō (oboediō), -īre, -īvī, -ītum obey
obēsus, -a, -um fat
oblātiō, -ōnis (f.) oblation, offering
oblīviō, -ōnis (f.) oblivion, forgetfulness
obscūrus, -a, -um dark
obsecrātiō, -ōnis (f.) supplication, prayer
obsecrō (1) implore, entreat, pray
observō (1) observe
obsideō, -ēre, obsēdī, obsessum besiege
obsignō (1) seal (with wax)
obstetrīcō (1) act as midwife
*obstetrix, -īcis midwife
obstruō, -ere, obstruxī, obstructum close, shut
obstupescō, -ere, -uī be astonished
occāsiō, -ōnis (f.) occasion, opportunity, pretext, fault
occāsus, -ūs (m.) setting, fall
*occīdō, -ere, occīdī, occīsum kill
occultō (1) hide
occultum, -ī (n.) hidden thing, secret
occultus, -a, -um hidden
ocrea, -ae (f.) greaves, shin armor
octō eight
*oculus, -ī (m.) eye
*ōdī, ōdisse hate (perfect as present)
odium, -iī (n.) hate
odor, odōris (m.) smell
offendō, -ere, offendī, offensum offend
offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblatum offer, bring forward
officium, -iī (n.) duty, office
offirmō (obfirmō) (1) be firm, be obstinate
oleum, oleī (n.) oil
omnīnō (adv.) at all
**omnis, omne each, all, every
onager, onagris (m.) wild ass
onus, oneris (n.) burden
onustus, -a, -um loaded, burdened
opera, -ae (f.) work, labor
operiō, -īre, -uī, opertum cover
operor (1) work
DICTIONARY
137
oportet, oportuit it is fitting
*opprimō, -ere, oppressī, oppressum oppress, crush
*opprobrium, -iī (n.) shame
optimātēs, -um (m. pl.) aristocrats
optimē (adv.) very well
*opus, operis (n.) deed, work
ōrātiō, -ōnis (f.) speech, prayer
orbis, orbis (f.) circle, world, earth
ordinō (1) set in order, station
ordō, ordinis (m.) order
organum, -ī (n.) organ
oriens, -entis east
orientālis, -e east, eastern, of the east
orior, -īrī, ortus sum arise
ornātus, -ūs (m.) adornment
orō (1) beg, pray
*ōs, ōris (n.) mouth
*os, ossis (n.) bone
*ostendō, -ere, ostendī, ostensum (ostentum) show
ostensiō, -ōnis (f.) showing
ostium, -iī (n.) door
*ovis, ovis (m./f.) sheep
pābulum, -ī (n.) food, fodder
palam (adv.) out in the open
palātium, -iī (n.) palace
palea, -ae (f.) straw
*pallium, -iī (n.) garment, cloak
palmus, -ī (m.) palm, span (breadth of 12 fingers)
palus, palūdis (f.) swamp, marsh
paluster (palustris), palustre swampy, marshy
pangō, -ere, panxī (pepigī), panctum (pactum) sing, compose,
establish
*pānis, pānis (m.) bread, loaf
papyriō, -ōnis (f.) papyrus marsh
parātus, -a, -um prepared
parcō, -ere, pepercī, parcitum (+ dat.) spare
pardus, -ī (m.) leopard
pariēs, parietis (m.) wall
*pariō, -ere, peperī, partum give birth, bear a child
*parō (1) prepare
138
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
*pars, partis (f.) part, portion
partus, -ūs (m.) childbirth
*parvulus, -a, -um small, little, lowly; infant (m./f. as subst.)
*pascō, -ere, pāvī, pastum feed; graze (passive as refl./mid.)
*pascua, -ae (f.) pasture
pastor, -ōris (m.) shepherd
pastōrālis, -e belonging or relating to a shepherd
pastus, -ūs (m.) food, pasture
*pater, patris (m.) father
patrō (1) accomplish
pauculus, -a, -um few
paululum (paullulum) (adv.) a little
*pauper, pauperis poor; poor person (m. as subst.)
paveō, -ēre, pavī quake, fear
pavīmentum, -ī (n.) pavement of tiles
pavor, -ōris (m.) fear, terror
pax, pācis (f.) peace
*peccātor, -ōris (m.) sinner
*peccātum, -ī (n.) sin, crime
*peccō (1) sin
pecus, pecoris (n.) cattle, herd, flocks
pelagus, -ī (n.) ocean, sea
*pellis, pellis (f.) skin
penna, -ae (f.) feather, wing, flight
*per (prep. + acc.) through, throughout
pēra, -ae (f.) bag, pouch
perambulō (1) walk over
*percutiō, -ere, -cussī, -cussum strike, strike down, kill
perdō, -ere, -didī, -ditum destroy
perdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum lead to, bring, lead
pereō, -īre, -iī, -itum perish
perfectus, -a, -um perfect, complete
perficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum finish
*pergō, -ere, perrexī, perrectum proceed, go
perīclitor (1) be in danger
permaneō, -ēre, -mansī, -mansum remain, persist
Persa (Persēs), -ae (m.) a Persian
*persequor, -sequī, -secūtus sum pursue, persecute
persevērō (1) continue
perterreō, -ēre, -uī, -itum frighten, terrify
DICTIONARY
139
perterritus, -a, -um very frightened
pertineō, -ēre, -tinuī pertain
pertingō, -ere extend
perveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum arrive at, reach
*pēs, pedis (m.) foot
pessimus, -a, -um worst (superlative of malus)
pestilentia, -ae (f.) pestilence
petītiō, -ōnis (f.) request, beg
petō, -ere, -īvī (-iī), -ītum seek, ask
phalanga, -ae (f.) band, phalanx, battle line
Pharaō, -ōnis (m.) Pharaoh
Pherezaeus, -ī (m.) Perizzite
Philisthaeus, -ī (m.) a Philistine
Philisthiim (m. pl.) the Philistines
Philisthīnus, -a, -um Philistine; a Philistine (m. as subst.)
Phitom (Phittom) Phithom or Pithom (an Egyptian city)
Phua (f.) Phua or Puah (a Hebrew midwife)
pietās, -ātis (f.) goodness, piety, holiness
pincerna, -ae (f.) cup bearer, butler
pinguēdō, -inis (f.) fat
pinguis, pingue fat, strong
piscis, piscis (m.) fish
pistor, -ōris (m.) baker
pix, pīcis (f.) pitch
placeō, -ēre, -uī, -itum please
planta, -ae (f.) sole
plantō (1) plant
plebs, plēbis (f.) people
*plēnus, -a, -um (+ gen. or abl.) full, full of, plentiful
plōrō (1) weep, lament
plumbum, -ī (n.) lead
plūs, plūris more (comparative of magnus); plus quam
(plusquam) more than
polenta, -ae (f.) barley
pōmifer, -a, -um producing fruit, fruit-bearing
pondus, ponderis (n.) weight
**pōnō, -ere, posuī, positum put, place
*populus, -ī (m.) people
*porrō (adv.) but, moreover, furthermore
porta, -ae (f.) gate
140
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
portō (1) carry
possessiō, -ōnis (f.) possession
possideō, -ēre, -sēdī, -sessum possess
**possum, posse, potuī be able, can
**post (adv. or prep. + acc.) after
posteā (adv.) afterwards
postquam (conj.) after
potens, -entis powerful; powerful man (m. as subst.)
*potestās, -ātis (f.) power
pōtus, -ūs (m.) drink
praecēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum precede
praeceptum, -ī (n.) command
praecīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsum cut off
*praecipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum order
praeclārus, -a, -um excellent
praecō, -ōnis (m.) herald
praedicātiō, -ōnis (f.) proclamation
praedicō (1) proclaim
praefectus, -ī (m.) overseer, commander, governor
praeficiō, -ere, -fēcī, -fectum set someone (acc.) over
someone/thing (dat.)
praefor, -fārī, -fātus sum speak before
praeoccupō (1) come before, anticipate, hasten
praeparātus, -a, -um prepared
praeparō (1) prepare
*praepōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum place someone (acc.) over
someone/thing (dat.)
praepositus, -ī (m.) overseer
praesāgus, -a, -um predicting
*praesum, -esse, -fuī (+ dat.) be over, rule
praeter (prep. + acc.) besides, except for
praevaleō, -ēre, -uī prevail
praevāricor (1) walk crookedly, transgress
praevideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsum see before, foresee
premō, -ere, pressī, pressum oppress
*prīmogenitus, -a, -um firstborn
prīmus, -a, -um first
*princeps, -cipis (m.) leader, commander
principālis, -e perfect, free
principātus, -ūs (m.) principality, rule
DICTIONARY
principium, -iī (n.) beginning
*prior, prius (gen. prioris) earlier
prius (adv.) earlier
priusquam (conj.) before
prō (prep. + abl.) for, on behalf of
*probō (1) prove, test
prōcedō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum proceed
prōcēritās, -ātis height
prōcidō, -ere, -cidī fall, fall down, fall forward
procul (adv.) at a distance
*prōdūcō, -ere, -duxī, -ductum produce, bring forth
*proelium (praelium), -iī (n.) battle
prōferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātum bring forth
profundum, -ī (n.) depth
*projiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum throw, cast forth
prōloquor, -loquī, -lōcutus sum speak out
prōmoveō, -ēre, -mōvī, -mōtum push forward, promote
prōnuntiō (1) declare, pronounce
properē (adv.) quickly
prophēta, -ae (m.) prophet
propitiātiō, -ōnis (f.) appeasement, atonement
prōpōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum place over, set (a table)
prōpositus, -ī (m.) overseer
**propter (prep. + acc.) because of
prosperē (adv.) prosperously
prosperō (or prosperor, etc.) (1) prosper
prosperus (prosper), -a, -um prosperous, useful, good
prosternō, -ere, -strāvī, -strātum (+ sē) prostrate oneself
prostrātus, -a, -um prostrate
prōtegō, -ere, -texī, -tectum cover
prōtinus (adv.) immediately
prōvideō, -ēre, -vīdī, -vīsum provide
prōvincia, -ae (f.) province
*proximus, -a, -um nearby; neighbor (m. as subst.)
prūdentia, -ae (f.) wisdom, prudence
*psalmus, -ī (m.) psalm, song
*psaltērium, -iī (n.) psaltery (stringed instrument like a lute)
puella, -ae (f.) girl, slave girl, serving girl
*puer, puerī (m.) boy, slave
pugna, -ae (f.) fight, battle
141
142
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
*pugnō (1) fight, do battle
**pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum beautiful, handsome
pulchritūdō, -inis (f.) beauty
pullulō (1) sprout
pulvis, pulveris (m.) dust
purpura, -ae (f.) purple cloth
puteus, puteī (m.) well
Putiphar (m.) Potiphar
putō (1) think, suppose
quadrāgintā forty
quaerō, -ere, quaesīvī (quaesiī), -sītum seek
quaesō, -ere beg
quam (adv.) how!
quandō (conj. or adv.) when
quantō … tantō … the more … the more …
*quārē (adv.) why
*quartus, -a, -um fourth
*quasi (conj. or adv.) as if, like, about, approximately
quattuor four
**-que (conj.) and
queō, quīre, quīvī (quiī) be able, can
**quī, quae, quod who, which
*quia (conj.) because, that
*quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque whoever, whatever
*quīdam, quaedam, quoddam (quiddam) a certain
person/thing
quiēs, -ētis (f.) rest, quiet
quiētus, -a, -um resting
quingentī, -ae, -a five hundred
quinque five
quintus, -a, -um fifth
*quis, quid who, what
quisnam, quidnam who, what (strengthened form of quis, quid)
quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiam (quidpiam, quippiam)
anyone/thing, someone/thing
*quisquam, quaequam, quidquam (quicquam) anyone/thing
*quisquis,
quaequae,
quidquid
whoever,
whatever;
anyone/thing
**quod (conj.) that (w. indirect statement); because, but
quōmodo (adv.) how
DICTIONARY
*quōniam (conj.) since, that
**quoque (conj.) also
*rādix, -īcis (f.) root, base
rādō, -ere, rāsī, rāsum scrape
Raguel (m.) Raguel or Reuel (Moses’ father-in-law = Jethro)
Ramesses Ramesses or Rameses (a city in Egypt)
rāmus, -ī (m.) branch
rapiens, -entis ravenous, hungry
ratiō, -ōnis (f.) account
*recēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum withdraw, avoid, shun
recōgitō (1) think upon, take notice of
recordor (1) (+ gen. or acc.) remember
rectē (adv.) well; recte agere go well, do well
*rectus, -a, -um upright, good
recūsō (1) refuse
*reddō, -ere, reddidī, redditum give back, restore
redemptiō, -ōnis (f.) redemption
redemptor, -ōris (m.) redeemer
redimō, -ere, -ēmī, -emptum redeem
refectiō, -ōnis (f.) refreshment
referō, referre, rettulī, relatum refer, tell
rēgīna, -ae (f.) queen
*regiō, -ōnis (f.) region
rēgius, -a, -um royal
*regnum, -ī (n.) kingdom
regō, -ere, rexī, rectum guide, direct, rule
rēgulus, -ī (m.) serpent
*relinquo, -ere, -līquī, -lictum leave behind
rēmigō (1) row
reminiscor, -ī remember
rēnēs, rēnum (m. pl.) kidneys, loins; inmost thoughts
repente (adv.) suddenly
reperiō, -īre, repperī, repertum find, discover
*repleō, -ēre, -plēvī, -plētum fill
repōnō, -ere, -posuī, -positum lay up, store up
*reptile, reptilis (n.) creeping animal, reptile
reputō (1) consider, count
requiēs, -ētis (acc. requiem) (f.) rest
*requiescō, -ere, -quiēvī, -quiētum rest
requīrō, -ere, requīsīvī (requīsiī), requīsītum seek
143
144
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
*rēs, rēī (f.) thing
reservō (1) save
resistō, -ere, -stitī oppose, stand against, resist
respiciō, -ere, -spexī, -spectum look upon
*respondeō, -ēre, -spondī, -sponsum reply
restituō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum restore
resurgō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum rise again
resurrectiō, -ōnis (f.) getting up, arising
retineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum hold back, keep
retrō (adv.) backwards, earlier
retrūdō, -ere put away, cast away
*revertō (or revertor, etc.), -ere, -vertī, -versum come back,
return
**rex, rēgis (m.) king
*rīpa, -ae (f.) bank (of a river), river bank
rixor (1) quarrel, fight
rōbur, -oris (m.) strength
rōbustus, -a, -um strong, powerful
rogō (1) ask, request, entreat
rōs, rōris (m.) dew
*rubus, ī (m.) bush
rūfus, -a, -um red, ruddy
rugiō, -īre roar
rugītus, -ūs (m.) roaring, groaning
ruō, -ere, ruī, rutum rush, fall down
**rursum or rursus (adv.) again
*sabbatum, -ī (n.) Sabbath
Sabaeus, -ī (m.) a Sabean
sabulum, -ī (n.) sand
saccus, -ī (m.) sack, sack cloth
sacerdōs, -ōtis (m.) priest
sacrāmentum, -ī (n.) solemn obligation, secret, mystery
*sacrificium, -iī (n.) sacrifice
saeculum, -ī (n.) time, age; in saeculum saeculi forever and ever
saltem (adv.) at least, anyhow, surely
salūs, salūtis (f.) health, safety, salvation
salūtāre, -āris (n.) health, salvation
salvātor, -ōris (m.) savior
*salvō (1) save
salvus, -a, -um saved, safe, whole
DICTIONARY
145
*sambūca, -ae (f.) sackbut (a musical instrument like a small harp)
Samma (m.) Samma or Shammah (David’s brother)
*sanctificō (1) make holy, sanctify
*sanctum, -ī (n.) holy place, sanctuary, temple
*sanctus, -a, -um holy
sanguis, -guinis (m.) blood, bloodshed
saniēs, saniēī (f.) infection, sore
*sapiens, -entis wise, knowing; wise man (m. as subst.)
sapienter (adv.) wisely, craftily
*sapientia, -ae (f.) wisdom
sarabāra (sarabāla), -ōrum (n. pl.) trousers (esp. baggy pants
worn in the East)
sarcina, -ae (f.) baggage
Satan (m.) Satan
satis (adv.) enough, quite
*satrapēs, -is (satrapae, -ārum, pl.) (m.) satrap (a Babylonian
official)
saturitās, -ātis (f.) fullness
saturō (1) fill; fill oneself with (passive as refl./mid.)
Saul (m.) Saul (the first King of Israel)
scelerātē (adv.) wickedly
scelus, sceleris (n.) sin, crime
*scientia, -ae (f.) knowledge
scindō, -ere, scidī, scissum tear
*sciō, -īre, sciī (scīvī), scītum know
scirpeus, -a, -um of bulrushes, wicker
scrībō, -ere, scripsī, scriptum write
scriptūra, -ae (f.) writing
sculpō, -ere, sculpsī, sculptum chisel, carve
sculptilis, -e sculpted; sculpted image, idol (n. as subst.)
sēcrētum, -ī (n.) secret, mystery
secundō (adv.) a second time
*secundum (prep. + acc.) according to
*secundus, -a, -um second
secus (prep. + acc.) by, beside
sed (conj.) but
*sedeō, -ēre, sēdī, sessum sit
sella, -ae (f.) seat, chair
*sēmen, sēminis (n.) seed
sēmentis, -entis (f.) seed, seed corn
146
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
sēmet = sē himelf, herself, itself, themselves
*sēmita, -ae (f.) path
*semper (adv.) always
sempiternus, -a, -um eternal, everlasting; eternity (n. as subst.)
senātor, -ōris (m.) senator, council member
senex, senis (m.) old man
sensus, -ūs (m.) sense
sententia, -ae (f.) opinion, sentence
sentiō, -īre, sensī, sensum feel
Sephora (f.) Sephora, Shiphrah (a Hebrew midwife), or Zipporah
(Moses’ wife)
*septem seven
*septimus, -a, -um seven, seventh
septuplum, -ī (n.) seven times
sepulchrum, -ī (n.) tomb, sepulcher
**sequor, sequī, secūtus sum follow
*sermō, -ōnis (m.) conversation, story, word
*serviō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum (+ dat.) serve
servitūs, -ūtis (f.) servitude
*servō (1) save, preserve
*servus, -ī (m.) slave, servant
sessiō, -ōnis (f.) a sitting down
*sex six
sexāgintā sixty
sexcentī, -ae, -a six hundred
sextus, -a, -um sixth
sexus, -ūs (m.) sex, gender
**sī (conj.) if
*sīc (adv.) thus, so
sicca, -ae (f.) dry land
siclus, -ī (m.) shekel (a coin)
*sīcut (conj.) just as, as, like
Sidrach (m.) Shadrach (a young Jewish man in Babylon)
*signum, -ī (n.) sign
silentium, -iī (n.) silence
silex, silicis (m.) flint, stone
*similis, -e similar, like
similtūdō, -inis (f.) likeness
*simplex, simplicis simple, pure
simplicitās, -ātis (f.) simplicity, purity
DICTIONARY
147
simul (adv.) at the same time, together
singulāris, -e single
*singulus, -a, -um each, every; per singulos (dies) every day
sinistra, -ae (f.) left hand
sinō, -ere, sīvī, situm leave, allow, permit
sinus, -ūs bosom, breast
Sīon Zion (a hill in Jerusalem; often used as metonymy for
Jerusalem)
sitiō, -īre, -īvī be thirsty, thirst
socer (socerus), socerī (m.) father-in-law
Socho Socoh or Sochoh (a city in Judea)
sōl, sōlis (m.) the sun
solitum, -ī (n.) what is usual
solium, -iī (n.) throne
*sōlus, -a, -um alone
solūtiō, -ōnis (f.) solution, explanation
solvō, -ere, solvī, solūtum loosen, untie
*somnium, -iī (n.) dream
somnus, -ī (m.) sleep
sonitus, -ūs (m.) sound
sonō, -āre, sonuī, sonitum sound, resound
sonus, -ī (m.) sound
sopor, -ōris (m.) sleep
soror, -ōris (f.) sister
sors, sortis (f.) lot; sortem mittere to cast lots
spatiōsus, -a, -um large, spacious
*speciēs, speciēī (f.) appearance, kind
spernō, -ere, sprēvī, sprētum despise, scorn
*spērō (1) hope
spēs, speī (f.) hope
*spīca, -ae (f.) ear of grain
*spīritus, -ūs (m.) breath, spirit
spurius, -iī (m.) ignoble or base person, bastard
squālor, -ōris (m.) filthiness, neglect
*squāmātus, -a, -um with scales, scaly
statēra, -ae (f.) scale, balance
*statim (adv.) immediately
*statua, -ae (f.) statue
statuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum cause to stand, establish
stella, -ae (f.) star
148
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
sterilitās, -ātis (f.) sterility, barrenness
sterquilīnium, -iī (n.) dung heap
stilus (stylus), -ī (m.) pen
stipula, -ae (f.) stalk
stirps, stirpis (f.) stock, family
**stō, stāre, stetī, statum stand
stola, -ae (f.) cloak
strātum, -ī (n.) covering, bed
*stultus, -a, -um stupid
stupeō, -ēre, -uī be amazed
stuprum, -ī (n.) shameful act, disgrace
suāvis, -e sweet
*sub (prep. + acc. or abl.) under
subjiciō, -ere, -jēcī, -jectum subdue
sublevō (1) lift up support
sublīmis, -e high, lofty
subsequor, -sequī, -secūtus sum follow after
*substantia, -ae (f.) substance, goods
subter (adv. or prep. + acc. or abl.) beneath, under
subveniō, -īre, -vēnī, -ventum help, come up to
subvertō, -ere, -vertī, -versum overthrow, destroy
succēdō, -ere, -cessī, -cessum follow, succeed in office
succendō, -ere, -cendī, -censum set on fire, heat
succīdō, -ere, -cīdī, -cīsum cut down
succlāmō (1) cry out
suffocō (1) choke, suffocate
**sum, esse, fuī be
sūmō, -ere, sumpsī, sumptum take up
**super (prep + acc.) on, above, concerning, over, in charge of,
beyond
superbia, -ae (f.) pride
superbus, -a, -us proud
superficiēs, -ēī (f.) surface
superō (1) surpass
superveniō, -īre, -vēnī, ventum come upon
suprā (adv.) above
*surgō, -ere, -rexī, -rectum rise up
surrectiō, -ōnis (f.) getting up
surripiō, -ere, -ripuī, -reptum steal, sneak up on, deceive
susceptiō, -ōnis (f.) a taking in hand, reception, protection
DICTIONARY
149
*suscipiō, -ere, -cēpī, -ceptum undertake, receive
suscitō (1) lift up, elevate
suspendō, -ere, -pendī, -pensum hang
suspīciō, -ōnis (f.) suspicion
sustineō, -ēre, -tinuī, -tentum endure, wait for
**suus, -a, -um his, her, its, their own
*symphōnia, -ae (f.) music, symphony
tabernāculum, -ī (n.) tent
tābescō, -ere, tabuī pine away
tacitus, -a, -um quiet, silent
tālis, -e such
tam … quam … as much … as …
*tamquam (tanquam) (conj.) like
*tangō, -ere, tetigī, tactum touch
tantum (adv.) only
tantummodo (adv.) only
tantus, -a, -um so much, so great, such; in tantum to such a
degree; quanto … tanto … the more … the more …
taurus, -ī (m.) bull
tegō, -ere, texī, tectum cover
tempestās, -ātis (f.) storm
templum, -ī (n.) temple
temptātiō (tentātiō), -ōnis (f.) temptation
temptō (tentō) (1) test, try, attempt
*tempus, temporis (n.) time, season
tēmulentus, -a, -um drunken
*tenebrae, -ārum (f. pl.) darkness
teneō, -ēre, -uī, -tentum hold
*tenuis, -e slender, thin
terebinthus, -ī (f.) a terebinth tree
terminus, -ī (m.) limit, boundary
**terra, -ae (f.) earth, land, country
terribiliter (adv.) fearfully, wonderfully
*tertius, -a, -um third
testa, -ae (f.) potsherd, pottery fragment
testimōnium, -iī (n.) testimony
texō, -ere, texuī, textum weave
Tharsis Tarshish (a city)
tiāra, -ae (f.) turban
*timeō, -ēre, -uī fear, be afraid, honor
150
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
timor, -ōris (m.) fear
tingō (tinguō), -ere, tinxī, tinctum wet, moisten
tollō, -ere, sustulī, sublātum take away
tondeō, -ēre, totondī, tonsum shear, cut hair
torpeō, -ēre, torpuī be sluggish
torquēs (torquis), torquis (m./f.) necklace, collar
torrens, -entis (m.) stream
totidem just as many, the same number
**trādō, -ere, trādidī, trāditum hand over, deliver, betray
*transeō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum cross over, pass by
tremescō (tremiscō), -ere, -uī tremble
tremō, -ere, tremuī tremble
*trēs, tria three
tribūlātiō, -ōnis (f.) tribulation
trībulō (1) afflict
tribūnus, -ī (m.) tribune, captain
tribuō, -ere, -uī, -ūtum give, grant
*tribus, -ūs (tribubus, dat. and abl. pl.) tribe
tribūtum, -ī (n.) tribute
trīgintā thirty
**tū you
*tuba, -ae (f.) trumpet
*tunc (adv.) then
tunica, -ae (f.) tunic, robe
turma, -ae (f.) band, troop
**tuus, -a, -um your
tympanum, -ī (n.) drums, timbrel
tyrannus, -ī (m.) ruler
ūber, -eris (n.) breast
ūbertās, -ātis richness, plenty
**ubī (ubi) (adv.) where, when
ulcus, ulceris (n.) boil, sore
ultor, -ōris (m.) avenger
umbra, -ae (f.) shade, shadow
umbraculum, -ī (n) shade
umerus, -ī (m.) shoulder
uncomedō, -ere eat together
unde (adv.) whence, from where
unguis, unguis (m.) fingernail or toenail
ūnica, -ae (f.) only one, dear one
DICTIONARY
151
ūnicornis, -is (m.) unicorn
*ūniversus, -a, -um entire, all
**ūnus, -a, -um one
unusquisque everyone
*urbs, urbis (f.) city
ūrēdō, -inis (f.) rust, blight
urgeō, -ēre, ursī press, urge
ūrō, -ere, ussī, ustum burn
*ursus, -ī (m.) bear
*usque (adv.) all the way
ūsus, -ūs (m.) use
**ut (adv. and conj.) as, when (w. indicative); in order to, to
(purpose clause); with the result that, that (result clause)
uter, utra, utrum both, either, each
*uterus, -ī (m.) womb
utīque (adv.) indeed
*uxor, -ōris (f.) wife
vacuus, -a, -um void
*vādō, -ere, vāsī go
vāgīna, -ae (f.) sheath
vāgiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī) cry
*valdē (adv.) very, greatly
valenter (adv.) strongly
valeō, -ēre, -uī be strong, be able
*valles (vallis), vallis (f.) valley
vallō (1) fortify, make a hedge around, protect
vānitās, -ātis (f.) vanity, uselessness
vanum, -ī (n.) vain, vainness
vāsa, -ōrum (n. pl.) vessels
vastō (1) destroy, lay waste
vēcors, -ordis foolish; fool (m. as subst.)
vectis, vectis (m.) bar, bolt
vehemens, -entis violent
vehementer (adv.) exceedingly
*vel (conj. or adv.) or, even
vēlāmentum, -ī (n.) shade
vēlox, -ōcis quick
**veniō, -īre, vēnī, ventum come
*venter, ventris (m.) stomach, womb
*ventus, -ī (m.) wind
152
VULGATE OLD TESTAMENT READER
**verbum, -ī (n.) word, reason, cause
vērē (adv.) truly, really, indeed
vēritās, -ātis (f.) truth
vermis, vermis (m.) worm
*vērō (adv.) but, truly
vertex, verticis (m.) top, top of the head
vērumtamen (conj.) nevertheless
vērus, -a, -um true
*vescor, vescī (+ abl.) feed on, eat
*vesper, -eris (vesperī) (m.) evening
*vester, vestra, vestrum your (pl.)
vestīgium, -iī (n.) trace, sign
*vestīmentum, -ī (n.) garment, clothing
vestiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -itum clothe, put on
*vestis, vestis (f.) garment, clothing
*via, -ae (f.) road, way
victima, -ae (f.) victim, sacrificial victim
vidēlicet (adv.) namely, that is
**videō, -ēre, vīdī, vīsum see
vigil, vigilis (m.) watchman
vigilia, -ae (f.) watch, night watch, vigil
vigilō (1) stay awake, keep watch
vīgintī twenty
vinciō, -īre, vinxī, vinctum bind, tie up
vincō, -ere, vīcī, victum conquer, overcome
vinctus, -a, -um bound
vinctus, -ī (m.) prisoner
vinculum, -ī (n.) chain, fetter, band
*vīnum, -ī (n.) wine
**vir, virī (m.) man, husband
virectum, -ī (n.) green place, glade
*virens, -entis green
*virga, -ae (f.) rod
*virtūs, -ūtis (f.) virtue, strength, power
vīs, vī (dat. and abl. sing.), vim (acc. sing.), vīrēs, vīrium (pl.) (f.)
power
viscus, visceris (n.) flesh; organs, bowels (pl.)
vīsiō, -ōnis (f.) sight, vision
vīsitō (1) see, visit; bring on (as a punishment)
*vīta, -ae (f.) life
153
*vitulus, -ī (m.) bull, calf
*vīvō, -ere, vixī, victum live
*vōciferor (1) cry out
**vocō (1) call
*volātilis, -e flying; bird (n. as subst.)
*volō, velle, voluī wish, want, like, love
volucris, -is (f.) bird
voluntās, -ātis (f.) will
**vōs you (pl.)
vōtum, -ī (n.) vow, prayer
voveō, -ēre, vōvī, vōtum vow
*vox, vōcis (f.) voice
vulpēs, vulpis (f.) fox
vultus, -ūs (m.) expression, countenance
zēlōtēs, -ae (m.) jealous person, jealous one