1. What is the
purpose of this
theory? What is
it meant to
describe?
Florence
Nightingale
Virginia
Henderson
Patricia
Benner
The importance of
the environment in
health and healing is
highlighted by
Florence
Nightingale's
Environmental
Theory. It emphasizes
how important a
healthy environment
is for healing and
disease prevention.
Nightingale
promoted
environmental
improvements as a
means of preventive
healthcare. Her
hypothesis takes a
wholistic stance,
taking into account
social, psychological,
and environmental
factors in addition to
physical ones. It
encourages patientcentered care and
adapts the
environment to the
needs of the patient
for optimum healing.
Nightingale's work,
which placed a
The "Definition of
Nursing," as Virginia
Henderson's Theory of
Nursing is commonly
referred as, outlines
the fundamental ideas
and elements of
nursing practice. Its
objective is to outline
the nurse's position,
duties, and nursing
care objectives.
Henderson underlined
that, depending on the
situation, the main
objective of nursing is
to assist people in
achieving optimal
health or a peaceful
death. In helping
people satisfy their
fundamental
requirements and
reclaim their
independence in daily
activities, nurses are
essential. Henderson
listed 14 basic human
needs, and she
believed that when
patients are unable to
meet these
requirements on their
The "Novice to Expert"
paradigm, developed
by renowned nursing
theorist Patricia
Benner, tracks the
development of
nursing abilities and
knowledge. The theory
tries to clarify how
people progress from
inexperienced
practitioners to highly
skilled specialists in the
field of nursing. It
outlines the phases of
nursing skill
development, with a
strong emphasis on
real-world experience
and contextual
knowledge. The
phases, which are
distinguished by
increasing degrees of
experience and
competency, span from
Novice (beginning) to
Advanced beginning,
Competent, Proficient,
and finally Expert. The
theory offers a
framework for
comprehending nurses'
Madeleine
Leininger
Hildegard
Peplau
Ida
Jean Orlando
Dorotea
Orem
strong emphasis on
hygienic practices
and infrastructure
advancements in the
healthcare industry,
had a profound
impact on nursing
practice. She also
established the use
of statistical analysis
and data visualization
to communicate
health information
and show how
environmental
factors affect health
outcomes.
2. What are the
steps outlined
by the theory to
achieve the
desired result?
3. Are there a
sufficient
number of
steps, and are
they explained
well enough
that others
would be
able to replicate
the desired
result?
own, nurses should
assist them in doing so.
In order to promote
overall health and wellbeing, the theory
directs nurses to
provide patientcentered care that
covers physical,
emotional,
psychological, and
spiritual requirements.
professional
development, guiding
healthcare
organizations in
nurturing and retaining
nursing expertise, and
informing nursing
education. It
emphasizes the
significance of practical
experience, reflective
practice, and ongoing
professional
development in
nursing.
4. What nursing
environments
would be
appropriate to
use this theory
in?
5. Where would
it not be
appropriate to
use the theory?
6. Would it be
productive to
share this
theory with
others who
work in
environments
where it might
fit?