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Animator in tourism
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A N I M A T O R
I N
T O U R I S M
Aleksandar Ivanovski
ANIMATOR IN TOURISM
Dušan Mitić
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 2012 EDITURA UNIVERSITĂŢII TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV
Adresa: 500091 Braşov,
B-dul Iuliu Maniu 41A
Tel:0268 – 476050
Fax: 0268 476051
E-mail : editura@unitbv.ro
Tipărit la:
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Tel: 0268 – 476050
Toate drepturile rezervate
Editură acreditată de CNCSIS
Adresa nr.1615 din 29 mai 2002
Referenţi ştiinţifici: Associate prof. Ivanka NESTOROSKA Ph.D.
Prof. Mirna ANDRIJASEVIC Ph.D.
Prof. Mehmet GUNAY Ph.D.
Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naţionale a României
Ivanovski, Aleksandar
Animator in Tourism / Aleksandar Ivanovski, Dušan Mitić. - Braşov :
Editura Universităţii "Transilvania", 2012
Bibliogr.
ISBN 978-606-19-0139-5
I. Mitić, Dušan
796.075:796.5
Publish: EDITURA UNIVERSITĂŢII TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV, Faculty of sport and physical
education University of Belgrade and Authors
Cover: Aleksandra Ristovski
Print:
3D+ Beograd
Author are responsible for terminological and linguisic side of content, 120 pages, first edition, 500
printed copies
At the meeting held on 21/12/2012, the Educational Council of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education,
University of Belgrade, passed the Decision 02-no. 3981, by which it approved the publishing of this
international academic monograph. The same Decision authorizes the use of this monograph as
literature for experts, students and practical users in the field of tourism and recreation, as well as for
undergraduate students of academic and vocational studies, on the subject of Theory and Methodology
of Recreation.
Note 1.: This article is the result of the project „Improving the quality and accessibility of education in
modernization processes in Serbia” No 47008 (2011-2014), financially supported by the Ministry of
Education, Science of the Republic of Serbia.
Note 2.: This article is the result of the project „Effects of the Applied Physical Activity to Locomotors,
Metabolic, Psycho-Social and Educational Status of the Population of the Republic of Serbia” No 47015
(2011-2014), financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Techological Development of the
Republic of Serbia.
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Aleksandar Ivanovski
Dušan Mitić
ANIMATOR IN TOURISM
Brasov, 2012.
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CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
13
2. THEORETICAL FRAME OF THE WORK
15
2. 1. BASIC TERMS
15
2.1.1. Tourism and motivation for tourism
15
2.1.2. Tourism and recreation
26
2.1.3. Animation
28
3. PROGRAMS OF ANIMATION
32
3.1 Costumography, decoration, make up and choreography
38
3.2 Communication in animation
39
3.3 Team work and relation in the team
40
3.4 World examples
43
3.4.1. Blue Laguna
3.4.2. Med Club
3.4.3. The world of Disney
3.4.4. T- card
3.5 Importance and the application of recreation and animation in Spa
tourism
43
3.6. Direct and indirect effects of programs of animation in tourism
56
4. ANIMATOR
61
4.1 Recent research
64
5. The research “Animator’s profile in tourism”
71
5. 1 The subject, goal and tasks of the research
71
5. 2 The methodology of the research
72
6. THE RESULTS WITH THE ANALYSYS OF THE RESEARCH
74
44
47
49
49
7. CONCLUSION
109
8. THE GENERAL CONCLUSION RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCH
111
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
113
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Review of the monograph: Animator in Tourism
Animation in tourism ought to be given special attention since it represents the
key segment in the conceptualization of the tourist product (service). Moreover,
we can claim that it plays a dominant role therein, since the contemporary
changes taking place in the quality of tourist offer are directly related to the
changes occurring in the needs, wishes, and preferences of tourists. For tourists,
being involved in tourist travels represents an escape from every day routine
and a search for high quality contents that are versatile and will fully engage
them during their vacation. In fact, in today’s tough competition at the tourist
market, animation represents an important element of the tourist offer and
usually plays the key role in the choice of the targeted destination.
The role of the animator is especially important for the providing of and
consequently carrying out the content, that is, different high quality programs
that should entail satisfaction of tourists. Bearing in mind that the animator is a
competently trained professional who knows how to adequately meet the needs
of the tourists, during the implementation of the program, he is a figure
perceived by the tourists in many different capacities: organizer, creator, coparticipant, even a friend. Thus even though the structure of the tourists is very
heterogeneous, they all have one thing in common: the need to rest and relax.
To that end, the animator is the suitable person that will assist them in getting
involved in the various sports and recreational activities by way of which they
will meet their specific needs.
Defining tourism, recreation, and the motives by virtue of which people get
involved in tourist travels, the authors emphasize the connection between
tourism, recreation, and animation programs as a foundation for achieving
competitiveness. Notwithstanding the best organized services offered to tourists
during their stay at a given destination, today it is imperative to provide
versatile programs that will enable the tourist to fill out their leisure time
qualitatively. Since the most frequent motives for tourist travels are rest,
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relaxation, and entertainment, the designers of such programs pay due attention
to the choice of such activities. By way of presenting practical examples of
various existing animation programs, the authors of this book also highlight the
role and significance of the animators, as well as their teams, on whom also
depends a successful realization of the programs. During the realization of the
program, in the course of which the animator often intermediates among tourists
and stimulates/encourages them to communicate and get actively involved, the
animator also represents a mediator in the process of the realization of the
program on whom the depends a successful outcome of the overall
communication process. Emphasizing the role of the animator in tourism, not
only on the territory of Serbia, but the region at large, the authors at the same
time point out to the need to give more prominence to the promotion of these
professionals into central figures that play an important part in the realization of
these programs….
A systematic nature and interconnectedness of the thematic contents of this
monograph shows that we are dealing with a very serious book that sprang forth
as a result of a successful binding of theoretical knowledge, practical
experience, and research in the field of animation the authors conducted. In light
of the previous research in this field, by putting forth effort into this book the
authors have contributed to the theoretical knowledge pertaining to one specific
problem in the area of tourism and recreation – the role of the animator in the
designing and enriching the content of the tourist service (product). It is my
genuine pleasure to recommend this monograph and suggest it as valuable
resource literature for professionals, students, and practitioners in the filed of
tourism and recreation.
Ohrid, December 11, 2012.
Assosiated prof. Ivanka Nestoroska, PhD.
Faculty of tourism and hospitality
Ohrid
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Review of the monograph: Animator in Tourism
Animation is an integral part of the modern tourist service industry and
represents a high quality service, that is, mediation between the tourist product
(service) and the tourist. The venues themselves are the resources that constitute
the foundation for the customizing of contents shaped by the animator since he
/she caters to the tourist during his/her stay at a particular tourist destination.
By way of tailoring the service to the specific needs, desires, and capabilities of
the tourist, the animator in tourism renders a high quality service. This, in
particular, is true because the contemporary tourist craves new experiences and
a personal engagement in various activities, such as cultural, sporting, and
entertaining ones; in brief, he/she wants the time spent in tourism to be useful
both for his/her physical and mental health. In addition, the tourist wants his/her
needs to be met within a brief time span. These needs, in particular, refer to the
activities he/she is deprived of in everyday life, such as the following: contact
with nature, socializing, relaxation, and other. This entails that within a tourist
center, the role of the animator is crucial for the targeted audience. The
demanding and challenging aspect of the animation job can be evinced in the
numerous and versatile needs of the tourists, which, on the other hand, are
affected by the living conditions in their domiciled country, as well as their
habits, level of education, ethnic background, culture, tradition, social and
economic status, and many other. The ultimate goal of the animator is to fully
meet the needs of the tourist so that he/she would want to revisit the same
destination again (and again).
In this monograph, the authors poignantly depict the complex nature of the
animators’ job since in addition to possessing numerous talents and skills, they
have to permanently professionally develop by way of following up the
dynamics of the intensive changes present at the tourist market. In the time of
the contemporary cutting edge technological advancement and a fast living
tempo featured by stress and tension, the time spent in tourism is a precious
time that the tourist sets aside for his/her personal needs in order to regenerate,
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recover, and ultimately freshened up resume his/her usual routine. The
substantial changes that have taken place in tourism lately mean a shorter stay at
one given time but several times throughout the year, which presupposes
mobility on the part of the animators in order to meet the needs of guests.
Therefore, the role of the animator is getting more and more demanding and
responsibility-laden if he is to proffer the requested services and thus ensure that
the guests have an activity-versatile and high quality stay.
Aware of the manifold and complex role of the animators and their teams, the
authors of this book have precisely and comprehensively included a whole
series of activities and games the animators’ teams ought to cover. This book is
important for all those educated to work in tourism whether it is in animation or
other tourism-related jobs. The authors emphasize the idea that the level of
quality is not rendered in the number of the stars a given hotel is awarded, but
rather in the expertise of a professional, a man. By virtue of this, the authors
have contributed to the recognition of the importance of these professionals and
their training - animators in the field of the contents offered by tourist centers
and hotels. The value of a highly trained, motivated, and capable professional
cannot be measured via instruments; however, subjective evaluation on the part
of the tourists is essential for the future operation of the hotel.
Through the monograph, the authors share their affluent experience and
expertise pointing to the valuable knowledge, skills, and aptitude related to the
organization and specific facets of the (tourist) animation program. This worthy
book will undoubtedly be basic and supplemental literature for professionals
trained for the needs of tourism and leisure time in general. It is my pleasure to
recommend the monograph drafted by these two authors as a text-book intended
for the needs of animation in tourism. I congratulate the authors and wish them
more co-authoring enterprises that will yield books of this high value.
Zagreb, December 10, 2012.
prof. Mirna Andrijašević, PhD.
Faculty of Kinesiology
University of Zagreb, Croatia
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Review of monograph: Animator in tourism
Based on the theoretical analysis of works from a number of current authors and
their own longstanding work in animation of recreational activities in hotels, the
authors give a detailed overview of tasks, duties and activities related to the
organization and implementation of daytime and evening activities. Based on a
detailed examination of daily duties in different conceptions of hotel
entertainment, writer emphasizes the complexity of educating the tourism
animators.
This monograph aims to contribute to the defining the profile of recreation
animators in tourism. It should be noted that the animator as a person who
conducts the activities of people on vacation, primarily engages in guiding and
organizing physical activities, as exercise process, as applied sports games or as
applied sports in the function of association and the wider context of an active
lifestyle which they have chosen when choosing their destinations.
Managements of all tourist destinations insist that the programs of aerobics,
aquabic, swimming lessons, dance training, organization, and basic
methodology of sports games (football, basketball, volleyball, handball, sand
volleyball, sand handball..) should be done by animators who have knowledge
in this field. People on vacation require proper and accurate information
regarding all sporting activities, instruction that will instill confidence that,
behind this exercise, attitude, stroke, stands the person who was educated in the
profession, and that behind the person stands an institution such as the Faculty
of Sport and Physical Education. For precisely these reasons, I think the profile
of people who are engaged in this profession should be searched for in the field
of physical culture, and researching in this area should be facilitated in order to
contribute to the best possible formation and education of professionals for the
job.
At the beginning this kind of work was done by the PE teachers these days it
done by specially trained animators.
The conducted research falls within one of the rare cases of research in the area
of sporting recreation and tourism as well, both in neighboring countries and in
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our region. Research also aimed to draw attention to the needs of the described
animator profile in general.
The modern man has the need to cope with job stress and monotony of daily
work through recreational activities.
Almost all tourist institutions largely base their offer on the basis of recreational
programs. In addition to sport fields, there are professional people who have the
duty to maximize the impression of a good and healthy holiday. Animation as
an activity has the aim to revive tourism offer with a new content and encourage
guests to participate in these events. Animation is an important part of the
tourist offer, which, through its various forms and contents attracts the attention
of tourists, encourages them to take on the activity that will contribute to the
leisure and recreation through intellectual and cultural superstructure and
contribute to the improvement of the content and quality of the tourist offer.
It is my pleasure to recommend this monograph work as a literature at
University even more.
Ankara, 19. 12. 2012.
Prof. Dr. Mehmet GÜNAY, PhD.
Gazi University
Ankara, TURKEY
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1.
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INTRODUCTION
Modern achievements and the high level of technological development created
new professions. As new trends emerge, new standards arise. Animation in
tourism is a part of this. Its beginning is rooted back in history, although the
animation is considered to be a new profession that changed very much
nowadays. As conditions of work change so does the structure of vacation, also
the needs that contribute to better vacation change. People have always had
different motives for going on vacation. Mitić (2001.) in his book “Recreation”
writes about several types of motivation that contribute to the development of
tourism. These are: psychic factors (rest, peace, and silence), cultural factors
(tradition and new customs), interpersonal (new acquaintances), physical (fun
and adventure) and etc. Tourism is very different today than 20 or 30 years ago.
Today it is a big part of industry with its yearly profit excelling billions of
Euros. If for vacation in the past was needed only bed and a good lunch, today it
requires much more. Every serious tourist facility besides the basic offer it must
have sport pitches, wellness, beauty centers, stage, disco, animation and
certainly the personnel which is highly trained for these conditions.
Animation represents an important element in creating activities for tourists. It
becomes important factor of a tourist offer of all countries. It holds a special
place in tourism because it premeditatedly fulfills the time of tourists and
contributes to their communication. Escape from reality is one of the main
reasons why people go on vacation. People want to meet new friends and enjoy
in the sightseeing. The offers have to be attractive and interesting in order to
find their way to the clients. The race for better and bigger animation offer is at
its peak in some countries (agencies offer marriage in a balloon flights).
The job of an animator is to make the vacation exceptional and beautiful.
Important people of every tourist facility are receptionists, waiters, bartenders,
cleaning ladies, but above all, the most important are the animators who give
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special care to that place with their activities and abilities (communication, good
relations with the guests, the ability to conduct sports activities).
The proof of the increasing popularity of animation is the emergence of
educational activities, courses, schools etc. The wish of every hotel is to have
competent, smiling but trained animators who speak several languages. Various
agencies have entered the race of educating the young who want to become
animators. Faculties and colleges have special departments dedicated to
animation. There are a lot of agencies that constantly employ animators.
Animation in tourism is present as a subject on many faculties and colleges
around the world. It is studied, examined and it is developing in every way.
If we look at the agencies that offer the program of animation we see that
animation is poorly developed in our country. In the last few years animation in
tourist destinations is done by the agencies of Belvi and Robinson. However
there is a certain tradition if we consider the education of the young. All credits
go to the competence of our people who have managed to respond to the
demands of modern tourism. Professors and associates on the Faculty of sport
and physical education in Belgrade are the keepers of the tradition and
constantly work on the improvement of this old, new profession.
We tried to show the connection between the program of recreational activities
and tourist destinations, as well tourist agencies and the importance of animator
training and their consistency in the world of tourism. Based on the results of
the research we hope we will manage to complete the profile of the animator of
sports and recreational activities and to increase the level of quality in service in
tourism.
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2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 BASIC TERMS
The focus of the approach to the problem of animators in tourism industry is
perceived through the analysis of recreation and tourism, in other words, needs
and possibilities of launching daily sports and recreational activities, as well as
typical contact and show dance of the evening programs, according to the
motivation of the modern tourist who is trying to cope with everyday stress
during his vacation, in spite of his social and economic problems.
2.1. 1. Tourism and motivation for tourism
Tourism is a socio-economic phenomenon that, along with sports, characterizes
the life of our civilization at the end of the twentieth century. We find the most
general definition in Vujaklija (1986, p. 938): “Tourism (fr. tour touring, travel,
tourisme) travel for fun, pleasure, sightseeing, health”. "Tourism is linked
exclusively to the act of traveling.”
Defining the concept of tourism, is still the activity of a large number of
researchers from different areas related to tourism. As a starting point we will
use the definition of AIECT, the International Association of Tourism,
(according to Marković S. and Z.1970, p. 10): "Tourism is a set of relations and
phenomena which emerge from the act of traveling and staying of a visitor of
one place, if that staying does not mean having permanent residence, and if it is
not connected to any private activity."
According to Cicvarić (1980, p. 28): "Tourism is a set of economic and noneconomic relations and phenomena which emerge from traveling and residing
outside the domicile, and the consumption of resources achieved in a place of
permanent residence." As it can be seen, the starting point here is the economic
and non-economic phenomena and relations. For this reason, tourism is placed
in the category of consumption of obtained resources.
On the contrary, Alfier (1977, p. 15) examines tourism from the perspective of
improving human qualities. For him, tourism is "the activity by which man
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achieves and enhances human qualities, in general, qualities of humaneness and
humanity, either in interpersonal relationships or in the views and cognition of
individuals, in their relation to the world and to the nature".
Relac (1987, p. 5) is basing his definition on humanistic activities among
people and between people and nature, which occur during their staying outside
the place of residence. He concludes: "It appears that tourism is primarily
humanistic activity in which a person confirms and improves his human
qualities through socialization with other people. That kind of humanization is
confirmed not only towards other people, but also towards the nature in which
leisure time outside of the domicile is spent.
As part of tourism, a series of selective types of tourism have been developed
depending on the season, geographic or historic locations, age, health condition,
etc. So we have: congress tourism, hunting and fishing tourism, spa tourism,
country tourism, nautical tourism, children’s tourism, medical tourism,
mountain and winter tourism ... Defining a certain problem that can be solved
outside the place of residence, special tourist clientele is being formed, such as
for the program "Čigota", with various sports camps-schools, etc.
Now days, in tourism industry, there is a high demand of more programs and
contents whose purpose is solving specific problems or satisfying specific
interests and needs of tourists. For this reason, nowadays in tourism market the
highest value of usability have these programs, not hospitality services.
Kopaonik has successfully developed summer tourism, based on its rich natural
resources and also offers attractive programs such as language learning,
computer schools, tennis, equitation, hiking etc.
In his discourse "Reciprocal development of sport and tourism" (1989.), De
Knop. P. gives an overview of researches dealing with the needs and
motivations of tourists:
According to the research from the 60's, the tourists from Belgium were trying
to satisfy the following needs during their stay:
1. The feeling of self-importance, they wanted to be noticed;
2. Need for self-assertion and self-esteem; compensation;
3. Escape from reality;
4. Need for expressing love towards nature and family life;
5. Need for maintaining social contacts;
6. Need for obtaining a good physical form and maintaining it in the future;
7. Need for safety and security (W.E.S. 1964)
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Based on Hann`s research in Germany (1975.) as De Knop puts it, the motives
for vacation can be divided into 6 categories:
S-type: sun, sand, sea, to see and to be seen, relatively passive, visits to pleasant
people
F-type: ambiance and flirt, enjoyment,
W-1-type: forests and walks, the conscience of own health, walking and fresh
air is of the utmost importance
W-2-type: forests and competitions, the will for exercise
A-type: adventures, mystery, danger, surprise
V-type: sightseeing and education
V-1-type: direction to quantity, wants to see as much as possible
V-2-type: calmness, directed by emotions
V-3-type: a type of a man who is interested
He chooses a tourist destination solely based on concrete things (nature, culture
etc.) as Han H. Finger,K. 1975. (De knop. 1990. p. 186.) put it.
"In the past 10 years two more types of touristic travel have been established
and their number is still rising. In fact, a new content has been added to
holidays: easy athletic disciplines, cycling tours, kayak tours (W-type), rafting,
flying a delta plane, hiking (A-type). " (p.6).
Based on previous researches, De Knop concludes that: "... we can say that
sports types of holidays indeed are appropriate for satisfying all these desires,
hopes and ambitions:
1. Self-esteem and self-importance can be achieved through the sports
activities (tennis, golf, and windsurfing)
2. Sports results contribute to compensation (easy athletic disciplines, biking,
and hiking)
3. Return to nature, outdoor sports (water sports, hiking, and orienteering)
help people to escape from everyday problems
4. Sports activities in family surroundings, during free time, is usually possible
only during holidays
5. Sport activity (especially club activities) makes social contacts easier
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6. Care for your own body, exercises to keep fit (yoga, aerobics) are typical
activities during the holidays. Thanks to the sun and physical efforts people
feel healthy.
7. Safety and security: tourist wants to return to nature, but to stay in the
protective shelter of any organization.
In short words, sports holiday presents an excellent opportunity to satisfy
many basic needs of tourists. "(p.7).
The author distinguishes three types of sports holidays:
I PURE SPORTS HOLIDAYS- as the most famous form of this type of holiday
he lists skiing. "The main objective and content of this holiday is skiing, either
for beginners or for experienced skiers, young and old people, either in a ski
school, a ski course, a ski club or completely private." (p.15).
1. Classic sailing, riding, flying a delta plane, golf, scuba diving, hiking, and
windsurfing are organized according to this model...
2. Sports tours are a special form of this kind of holiday which is organized
for the ill and the convalescents.
3. Keep fit clinics are organized for healthy people who simply want to
improve their shape. Program includes daily trainings which are carried
out by an individual plan with the help of a doctor. It is an attractive
program for guests with a “deep pocket”.
II SPORADIC PARTICIPATION IN CERTAIN SPORTS ACTIVITIES According to the principles of the organization "Sport for All", tourist
organizations are organizing a rich program. The user chooses a particular
activity and, with his participation, gains relevant diplomas and awards.
III INDIVIDUAL SPORT PRACTICE requires a good physical and technical
conception There is no need for large stadiums, but for functional facilities that
will provide a certain intimacy, encourage participation and create "home"
atmosphere; so that the sport can remain an entertainment while the positive,
healthy effects are something that are a by-product. For the realization of this
kind of vacation, a well-designed propaganda with a very educational emphasis
is required.
Considering the problem of a person's movement from the place of residence to
a tourist destination, in "Fundamentals of Tourism"(1972, p. 51), Markovic, S.
and Z. observe the following driving factors of tourism:
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"Working and living environment (whose components are urbanization,
population density, industrialization, unhealthy urban air, political conditions,
the general level of civilization and cultural environment etc...)
o
Natural environment;
o
Leisure time (paid leisure time, shorter labor time, holidays, etc...)
o
Free resources (level of national income and living standard);
o
Other objective factors (socio-technical creations, privileges and
benefits, the existence
of different resorts, social and touristic
organizations based on initiative, organization of travel savings etc... "
Such an understanding gives us the image of the possible external impacts –
reasons which activate a person as a tourist. There are not only the external
reasons, but also the internal needs that should be satisfied during the realization
of tourist stay. Explaining his view on the example of "Robinson Club", Finger
K. in "Recreation and Sports in the Robinson's Hotels" (1976, p.33) says:
"Tourism research, nowadays, no longer implies a vacation as a time of a
temporary idleness with recovery as its purpose. It has many different functions.
Besides resting, there is a desire for: communication, freedom, fun, activity,
adventure, further education of own personality.”
Respecting the recorded wishes of tourists, Finger, who is a sociologist by
education, became one of the most respected "tourist animators." Today tourism
is based on wealth and variety of offers, and special teams of experts are solving
the problem of "how to present our offer." In short words, the animator is a new
profession in tourism, which emerged from the need to increase tourists'
consumption along with their satisfaction for participation. For many years,
Finger was successfully leading seminars for the formation of this kind of staff,
in our tourism industry also.
Connection and interdependence of tourism and recreation is particularly
interesting for the study. The facts show that every touristic trip can be
considered, simultaneously, as a certain type of recreation. At the same time as
a part of touristic stay, there is a whole range of possibilities, often defined with
a package tour for practicing certain recreational activities.
When analyzing the relations between tourism and recreation, Relac (1979)
says: "We can observe this connection via following forms:
1. Sport as an engine that initiates our will for traveling, where the
possible motives are:
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a. Watching significant sports events and happenings (from the local
to the intergovernmental encounters ...)
b. Participating in sports activities connected with leaving the place
of residence, where a man seeks the opportunities for sailing,
diving, skiing, playing tennis, golf, horse riding, etc., by leaving the
place of residence and going to such centers. These characteristics
are typical for winter tourism, which is being developed precisely
on the motives of one’s own participation;
2. Sport as an entertainment factor for the tourists who leave their place
of residence for other motives. A sport can be offered to them, in two
ways:
a. as a mean of entertainment or recreation in order to fill the content
of their staying and break the monotony;
b. as a mean of active holiday in which their own participation and
development of creative abilities is being expressed, whether by
practicing sports activities they are already familiar with or are
practicing in their place of residence, or by learning new ones.
Considering further this issue, the author indicates that current trends in the
development of tourism go towards the formation of active participation of
guests in sports recreation. Analyzing the participation of tourists in the sports
and recreational activities, during their staying in our coastal tourist centers,
Relac, reveals motives for using services of these centers:
Because I am used to do something
30%
Because I'm eager to play and move around
46.9%
Because my friend persuaded me
2.7%
Because I was bored
9.4%
Because I considered that the active vacation is useful for health
10.9%
Psychology of Tourism, according to Čomić (1990), stands on the crossroads of
psychological cognition about personality and tourism as a possibility for
expression of one’s personality. His work represents a compilation of works of
a large number of authors and his own observations.
As a starting point for a typology of tourist motives and needs, Čomić takes the
division of McIntosh (p. 7):
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a)
"Physical motives related to physical relaxation and leisure, sporting
activities and specific medical treatment; they are all related to the
physical health of an individual;
b)
cultural motives, which are related to the individual's desire for traveling
in order to get to know other countries, their people and cultural heritage
expressed through art, music, literature, folklore, etc.;
c)
interpersonal motives, which are connected with the desire to visit relatives
or friends, or to escape from one's own family, colleagues or neighbors, or
to meet new people and make new friendships or just to get away from the
monotony of everyday life;
d)
status and prestige motives, which could be identified with the needs for
self-esteem and personal development; they are related to the traveling
stimulated by jobs and professional interest for education and hobby."
This kind of division is trying to include basic motives for traveling, regardless
of the destination.
Robinson (p. 7) elaborates the postulate of McInthos and believes that there are
eight main groups-reasons for people´s traveling:
a. for relaxation and refreshment of body and spirit,
b. due to health reasons, in order to stay in fresh air and in the sun, and to be
under special medical treatment and have baths in healing waters;
c. for participating in a variety of sports activities, such as hiking, skiing,
sailing, fishing, diving, horse riding, tennis, golf, etc.;
d. for enjoyment, fun and excitement;
e. due to curiosity, interest for unknown regions;
f.
for interpersonal reasons;
g. because of professional and business responsibilities;
h. for spiritual purposes; pilgrimage etc.
At the same time, Gray (p. 8) believes that there are generally two groups of
reasons that stimulate someone to go on a tourist trip. He defined them as "a
longing for wandering" (wanderlust) and "longing for the sun" (sun lust).
A bit earlier, American researcher Thomas (1964) considered that there are four
groups of motives which incite someone to go on a touristic trip: (p.8)
a.
educational and cultural motives;
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b.
relaxation and pleasure;
c.
ethical motives;
d.
other motives, climatic and weather conditions, health and economic
reasons, the adventure, the development of one´s own personality,
conformism, involvement in history, social motives and so on.
Table 1. Needs and motives cited by title in the tourism literature according to Mill
and Morrison
Need
Motive
References in the tourist literature
Psychological
Relaxation
Escape, resting, relaxing, longing for the sun,
physical and mental relaxation from tensions
Safety
Security
Health, recreation, be active and healthy for the
future
Belonging to
Love
family union, improvement of family relations,
socializing, facilitation of social
Respect
Success
Status
To convince yourself in your our own success, to
show your own importance to the others,
prestige, social recognition, ego strengthening,
profession and personal development, status and
prestige
Self-realization
To be in
accordance with
our own nature
Self-exploration and self-assessment, selfdiscovery, the satisfaction of inner desires
To know and to
understand
Knowledge
Culture, education, longing for the unusual,
interest in foreign countries
Aesthetics
Appreciation of
beauty
Environment, landscape
Based on conducted research, Krippendorf (1986, p. 9) warns that the
surveying of tourists often remains on the surface and does not touch the
subconscious in a man. We get stereotyped answers which repeat commercial
messages, so, the mentioned reasons are - vacation, recreation, sun, fun, health.
According to Krippendorf basic motives for traveling are:
Rest and recovering of physical and mental strength;
Compensation
Escape: travel can be an escape from reality, the massive escape from
everyday life in the imaginary empire of freedom, but also a self-escape;
Communications;
Expanding horizons;
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Freedom and self-assertion;
Self-discovery and self-perception
Happiness.
Many authors used Maslow's Theory of Needs as the starting point for an
explanation of tourist motives and needs. Mill and Morrison (1985) carried out
an inventory of usages of this theory in the tourism literature. (Table 1) ibid 10.
A prominent Austrian researcher of tourism, Bernecker (1962), made a
comparative review of tourist motives and certain types of selective tourism.
(Table 2) ibid.11.
Table 2 Overview of tourist motives and types of tourism according to Bernecker
Corresponding tourist groups,
Motivational groups, ie. Motivation
ie. Types of tourism
The physical motivation
Tourism for resting
- Vacation (natural regeneration of strength)
Spa tourism
- Healing (establishment of physical health)
Sports tourism (also in a passive sense )
- Sport (physical activity)
Mental motivation
Experiential tourism that appears
- Getting out of the daily isolation
during the process of education and
- Entertainment
recovery in the club's tourism
- Desire for experience
Interpersonal Motivation
Family tourism
- Visiting friends and acquaintances
Team tourism, experiential tourism
- Socializing
Camping tourism
- Escapism (distancing from too civilized
everyday life and returning to nature)
Cultural motivation
Educational tourism
- Learning about other countries, their customs
and language
Pilgrimage
- Interest in arts
- Religious travel
Status and prestige motivations
Business and congress tourism
- Personal development (further education)
- The desire for knowledge and appreciation
Experiential and congress tourism
About fifteen years later, Kaspar (1978), a famous theoretician of tourism from
Switzerland, revitalized such a division.
The World Tourism Organization OIOOT-OMT gave quite an elaborated
division of motives cited by Lanquar (1985). This division includes three major
groups of motives or needs (ibid. 11):
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SOCIAL MOTIVES
o
Need:
for imitation, or how to be set up in the group,
for uniqueness, or how to be different from the group
to be accepted or how to leave your responsibilities,
for responsibility, or how to impose yourself,
for self-actualization, cultural and pseudo cultural aspirations
for contacts with different civilizations,
for understanding the world and events in it,
to personally see and touch what our information shows us or the complex
of unbelieving Thomas,
for a certain massive aesthetic,
to get away from the traditional framework of everyday existence or
changing of décor
for changing everyday humane environment, or seeking new people.
FAMILY OR TRIBAL MOTIVES
o
Needs:
to find a particular family lifestyle which is destroyed or disabled by
everyday life,
for gathering a family group, with the reestablishment of its structure and
authority,
to leave the family if it is too narrow minded or restrains the acting of an
individual
to participate in the life of a child during its formation in a following way:
education or demonstration of erudition of an adult, a demonstration of
strength and skill.
A PERSONAL OR EGOISTIC MOTIVES
o
Needs:
for reestablishing the contact with nature, or complex of Antejev
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to escape from stress and pressures: collective, professional, family,
religious, social, or a need for a "decompression"
for knowledge and familiarizing with something
aspirations towards self-realization: through culture and contact with other
civilizations through art activities
Tarzan complex or narcissism, or the need to be liked by others or to like
yourself at the same time;
the need and the right to dream, or how to get out from one’s everyday
personality, living beyond one’s possibilities for three weeks,
infantilism, or baby complex that allows things which normally cannot be
achieved, as well as rejecting the prohibitions: wearing floral patterned
shorts, changing the mealtime, eating ice cream in the middle of the street
and similar...
need for activity or necessity to play not only in the sense of optional
activities, but also in the terms of educational activities,
nomadic needs, or complex of Attila, or to escape from the everyday world,
need for complete, or complex activities from "do it yourself" to the
development of applied arts and crafts,
the need to escape from the noise and pressures of all kinds, or the
establishment, recreation of a mental psychological balance,
psychological need which may take the following forms: of voluntary and
real activity, of complete rest, according to the state and the individual's
mood,
need to seduce, or complex of a snake, sex put into its place along with the
hope for flirtation and adventure
the need to escape from everyday responsibilities.
During the analysis of such a dynamic and quite sophisticated aspect in its many
manifestation, it is normal to expect a different interpretation of the observed
aspect. Besides, the number of authors is in the discrepancy defining certain
motives by identification of need and motivation which could derive from it.
However, most of them agree that there are a certain number of factors, which
practically have a simultaneously affect, and it results difficult to avoid
preference in the interpretation.
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2.1.2. Tourism and recreation
When we talk about animation we must mention the work of Živanovic who
wrote about animation and tourism.
According to Živanovic Ž., tourism („Research of recreation in work holiday in
tourism“ working materials, 1997. p7.) is a journey for fun and satisfaction,
especially by foot.
In the same work author says that the international association of scientific
experts in tourism AIEST has accepted the definition:
“Tourism is a set of relations that stem out of travelling and by which one does
not stay there permanently and staying is not economically related. Tourism
satisfies the needs for vacation, fun, and in the same time it is a way of
exploring the nature, other cultures and connecting with other nationalities
(Lexicographic Institute Encyclopedia-Vol. 6, 1969. p. 485th).
Tourism is a set of relations that are connected to the moving and the
consumption outside of the permanent habitat all in order to satisfy the
recreational and cultural needs (Jovičić, 1976, p. 12.). One of the definitions
that I consider valuable for the beginning of this work is the one written by
Todorović: The area of tourism includes wide range of esthetical, natural and
other values that cultivate the life of men. Tourism reveals new sources of fun,
builds new lifestyles and friendships – in a word, it motivates an individual to
adapt to new cultural forms and values`` (Todorović, 1990. p..45.). The
animator must possess all the characteristics which he described and to connect
with the guests through fun and to motivate them.
(Relac, Bartoluci, 1987. p. 5.,) define the animation based on humanistic
activities among the people and between people and nature that takes place
outside permanent habitat. He concludes: Tourism is, above all, humanistic
activity in which a man by socializing confirms his human qualities. He
confirms it not only to other people but also to nature in which he spends his
leisure time.
World tourist organization (WTO) defines tourism as an activity that unites the
people who travel and the sole reason for travelling is pleasure, business (www.
world-tourism. org,)...
On the same website there are lots of things that can be useful to tourists but
also to the ones who do the research on tourism. For example, in 2005 it was
recorded 808 millions of international tourist arrivals in all countries of the
world i.e. tourism contributed to the world economy with 6 trillion dollars in
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2005 and 76 million people worked in the tourist industry (www. worldwatch.
org).
These data look promising and the internet enables the availability of the
information all over the world. World tourist organization on its website gives
propositions, advises how to choose a destination and what you need to ask the
agencies and suggests the things which you ought to do when travelling to some
country. Responsible tourism or ecotourism is presented on the website (a kind
of tourism where all precaution measures are taken so the environment in which
you reside would be intact). There are reports, predictions, and data concerning
the success of a tourist organization on the website. World tourist organization
differentiates tourism and travelling. All data are mainly referred to tourism.
The connection between tourism and recreation is unavoidable. All tourist
institutions make their offer based on recreational programs. In their offers,
beside sports pitches, there are professionals who have the task of improving the
impression of a good vacation. They are mostly animators who are trained for
the job.
According to (Živanović, 1997.p. 6) Štuka K.: “The term of recreation is a wide
specter of activities where the ultimate goal is to satisfy the human wish for a
more actively spent vacation”. In the same work professor Jovan Ljuba says:
“Recreation is an active vacation where a man rebuilds his psychophysical
energy and establishes the balance in his family life. Recreation is a free and
organized activity that enriches physically and socially, liberates a man and
helps him in the process of developing a personality”.
Živanović and Ljuba show the connection of recreation with the harmony of
everyday life. The absence of recreation is identified with the lack of some
important vitamins in the human body.
Živanović in the same book says: “Recreation can have a good effect on the
optimization of a daily lifestyle and as such it can enhance intellectual and
psychophysical skills”. According to Brightbill and Mayer: ``Recreation is a
voluntary activity that produces satisfaction and joy and makes a man busy in
his leisure time“.
Robinsone, according to Čomić, believes that there are eight groups of reasons
why a man travels:
A) To relax the body and spirit – a reason that becomes more necessary in the
modern life
B) Health issues – to be on fresh air and sun, to go to special medical
treatments
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C) To participate in numerous sports activities like hiking, skiing, sailing,
fishing, diving, tennis, golf etc.
D) To enjoy and to have fun; Individual need for pure satisfaction is very
strong and the vacation is an opportunity to satisfy this need
E) Because they want to meet unknown places and cultures
F) Interpersonal and business reasons - participating in seminars that are
related to work.
G) Spiritual reasons – pilgrimage to sacred religious places, cities or temples.
Based on these definitions we must say that the research studies that are
constantly done in the area of recreation have led to a more serious role of
recreation in tourism. Mitić, (2001.) in his book cites Živanović: “Recreation
and tourism more and more represent the biological and cultural necessity and
wherever they appear they produce better living and work conditions”. The
pioneers of the modern tourism have spotted the thrill of the tourists when they
are presented with an offer rich in content. They have put the sports recreational
activities in the repertoire of their services and the results of that are:
successful vacation from health and recreational point of view,
meaningfully spending the time on vacation without the feeling of boredom
and the lost time
the security of selling the capacities, persuasive marketing, the increase of
trade
I will add one more definition of a famous Tiso (Mitić, D. 2001.):“Physical
activity can help or substitute the medicaments while not even one medicament
can be a substitute for physical activity“.
2.1.3 Animation
The animation is a word derived from the Latin word anima – soul, animare –
the revival of something, elevation, motivation. When it comes to the context of
studying this theme the following aspects of animation appear: fun, enjoyment,
relaxation, active vacation, active workouts, open communication etc.
The very theme of animation did not attract the attention of scientists and
because of that the technical literature on this subject is very sparse.
Mitić, D. in his work "Recreation" (2001.) gives us the definition of animation:
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"Animation is encouraging people to spend time on vacation. It is also
about entertainment in leisure time”.
The author Nestoroska, I. (Animations in tourism, 2005, Ohrid) in her study
emphasizes the importance of relation with the guests (guest relation) and the
organization of one`s free time, healthy lifestyle, wellness, recreation (leisure
organization) and animation. These factors appear as significant parts of a
tourist offer. This explains the importance of the role of animators as the
organizers of the events and activities.
Cerović, Z. emphasizes the role of animators as motivators - initiators to
participate in events.
Author Nestoroska, I. similar to the definition of Cerović, Z. emphasizes the
importance of animation: "Motivating the guests to fully use the offered plan
contents, in order for the economic and other effects to be achieved.
Animation as an activity aims to:
revive the tourist offer with new content
encourage guests to participate in these activities
The author Nestoroska, (2005.) relates to Krippendorf who explained that the
importance of animation in each tourist offer is substantial, especially when
tourists are faced with a new place and establishing communication with other
tourists. In this new environment someone is required who will encourage
people to free themselves and to establish mutual relations. Hence, the main link
among the offer and a guest is exactly the animator who has the key role.
Its primary role is humanistic; nevertheless the economic effect is very
important. Better economic result is achieved by doing this.
Animation represents an important part of a tourist offer that through its various
forms attracts the attention of tourists, incites them to have fun, recreation,
intellectual and cultural superstructure and in the same time is contributing to
the quality of the tourist offer.
Mitić, (2001.) says that Yakovlev, identifies communication as animation.
A large part of the animation is based on communication, but it is not meant to
be solely identified with it . PR (Public Relation) as a part of the animation is
present all the time, but there are other segments that are important for the
animation like: organization, realization, choreography, decoration, acting,
lights, etc.
When we talk about this several questions arise: why is the hotel in a demand of
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animation? Which things are necessary for a hotel to have animation? What are
the reasons for the hotel to pay these animations and do the travel agencies have
an interest so that animation in the hotel is present?
Every hotel on the market struggles to bring as many guests to fill their capacity
during the whole season. This means that the hotel`s offer must be various
because of the fact that the guests who go on vacation are not the same in May,
August and September or October. Older guests are coming mostly in the
beginning and at the end of the season. If we consider the quality and the cost of
construction we find out that it is not easy to make the courts or recreation
centers for both. Because of this, many opt for a different method of
entertaining the guests and animation team is certainly the best option because
of its flexibility and adaptability to all age groups and it is much affordable than
the construction of supporting facilities for old and young people. In other
words, the animators are there to create a positive atmosphere for the young and
the old, they are getting by in each area and each time, using these
aforementioned capacities and adding their own qualities to the content of the
object. Satisfied guest, and a positive questionnaire (at the end of vacation) is
the result of the needs of the animation in a hotel. Their role is manifold in
terms of repairmen of some lacking features. While communicating with guests,
animators are able to get the guests interested, or "to shape" him with funny
and happy comments in order to forget about the embarrassing moments that
happened (if any) at the beginning of the vacation (the lack of air-condition, hot
water, hot food. ..).
Animation content increases economic profit of each hotel. Satisfied guests do
not leave the hotel and spend their money in other restaurants, bars and discos.
Complete offer is in one place (it is there where the hotel is located) with
attention and affection of the animators who are working in the hotel.
Experience shows that the hotels that are not "all inclusive" (complete package),
take care of the evening program so that it looks spectacular so guests would
stay and spend the night next to the restaurant or bar that is very close to the
performance of the program. The contents of daily activities can also be
localized close to places for refreshment. In coordination with the bars and
restaurants of the hotel, animation offers many awards and promotes the hotel
products (cocktails, local drinks, dinner packages for two, etc.).. One of the
reasons why guests return to the same hotel for years is the animation team`s
work and commitment that contribute to it.
When a travel agency is interested in a hotel, certainly that the hotel who has a
team of animators has the advantage. Many hotels gain advantage over the
others due to the offer of animation. It is diverse, larger, richer and has a team
of animators who speak several languages, and are well trained. Big travel
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agencies offer its own animators who are primarily concerned about the clients
of the agency, if they are an integral part of a larger team of animation. Of
course there is a possibility when it comes down to only one major travel
agency for example: Club Med, LTI, TUI, etc., which leases the entire hotel and
by doing that they create their own team of animators.
Why guests choose the hotel that has an animation?
Simply because the animators are the ones who create good atmosphere, create,
start and develop new friendships. Simultaneously lift morale, recover the
guests in a psychological sense, become good friends. Instead of parents and
relatives on vacation, they become "friends and advisers" and so on. After all of
this, people are happy to meet again with animators that allow them total escape
from stressful reality. All through specific activities where everyone can find at
least one and fit the concept of the program.
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3. THE PROGRAMS OF ANIMATION
The programs of animation differ from a hotel to hotel. The most important
thing is that all activities have to be prepared in advance. According to this we
recognize several approaches to the matter.
Organizational approach:
We approach the activities in a serious manner. There are several ways of
preparing the activities:
 each activity starts with a promotion, half an hour before the beginning
 it has to be announced several days earlier
 prepare the surroundings (clean up the workplace, find a shade etc.)
 prepare the music (adequate music for clients)
 prepare the props
 prepare the refreshments
 prepare the prizes if it is planned
When we announce the activity we can do it variously:
 billboard
 flyers
 mic
 welcome meeting
 communication with the guests can be in a loud manner (by a shout or with
a whistle) and quietly (talking with each guest)
 walking billboards
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There are several things that require attention when we talk about the welcome
meeting:
 the presentation must be quick and efficient
 introduce the country in which you come
 presentation is done in traditional clothes if it is possible
 presentation with a traditional drink
 short info about the animation team
 short and precise info on the program
„The program of the animation is adaptable to any hotel and mostly depends on
the guests that visit the hotel“ Ivanovski, A., Mitić, D., Prebeg, G.(2011). The
beginning and the end of the season always have different content compared to
the peak of the season because we deal with senior guests then. In
circumstances when a specific group of people visit a hotel (sports team, certain
religious group etc) the program is adapted accordingly. Certain activities are
added. These are examples of several hotels that presented its program:
Daily program: HOTEL CLUB “IONIAN PRINCESS” CORFU, GREECE
1. Pool “Ionian Princess” Corfu
10.00 Mini club
10.30 Slow gym
11.00 Volley beach
11.00 Darts
11.30 Sirtaki Dance
12.00 Aperitif Games
15.00 Bocce
15.30 Archery
16.00 Volley beach
16.00 Mini club
17.00 Football
21.00 Mini Disco
22.00 Evening Program
Hotel club “Ionian Princess” located on the island of Corfu has the program that
is adapted to the season and to the guests that have visited the hotel. The
capacity of the hotel is 400 guests. This hotel has good predispositions for
animation. There is a big amphitheatre (picture 1), with a big stage, then rooms
for costumes and props in the nearby, pitches for football, basketball, tennis,
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volleyball, pool (picture 1), good PA system and lighting. The stage is very
close to the audience (picture 2) so every show has to be well prepared. The
team of animation is consisted of 5 members during the whole season. The
program that is presented
is the daily program during
July.
The
animators
exchange their activities
during the day. The system
that is used is the so-called
``Rota`` system. Certain
activities last more than 45
minutes (this is not
mentioned), all in the aim
of
providing
good
atmosphere for the clients
of the hotel.
2. Amphitheater “Ionian Princess” Corfu
Daily program:
”OASISS” HOTEL CORFU, GREECE
9.00
Stretching
10.00
Beach activities (swimming lessons, volley ball in the water…)
16.00
Beach activities (football at sand, volley ball in the water, basketball..)
18.00
Aquabik
19.00
Darts, dancing class
21.30
Evening program
In the last couple of years agencies from Belgrade “Belvi travel” and “Robinson
Adventure Team” have enlisted animation as a part of their offer. On Corfu
(also Lefkas, Kefalonia and Zakynthos) beside the regular representative there
is also an animator who will take care of the guests from Serbia. Because of the
fact that the guests were situated in few of the cities around the island the
animation was done accordingly. The hotel “Oasis” in Cassiopi on Corfu is
located in the central part of the city. It was used as a base where all programs
of animation were held. Two animators were in charge of daily and evening
activities. The animation was done on a vast terrace of the hotel which is on a
visible and convenient place for the guests of other villas. The terrace is
connected to a big lobby, which is shown in the picture 3.
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The guests were informed
about the activities via
boards or through direct
communication. If the
need arises the activities
can take place near the
apartments (if there is a
group of people who are
interested for aquabic and
if the pool near their
apartment
suits
the
activity).
3. The terrace of the hotel “Oasis” on Corfu
Weekly program:
“VENUS BEACH” HOTEL, GREECE
TIME
MON
TUE
WED
THU
10-12 Mini club Mini club Mini club Mini club
FRI
SAT
Mini club
Mini club
SUN
10.30
Darts
excursion
Darts
Darts
Darts
Supermarket
visit
Darts
11.30
Water
gym
Scuba
diving
Water
gym
Water
gym
Water gym
Scuba diving
Water
gym
Mini club
Mini club
15-17 Mini club Mini club Mini club Mini club
15.30
Foottennis
Tennis
16.30
Volley Volley ball
ball
Table
tennis
Foottennis
Tennis
tournament
Table tennis
Basket
ball
Volley
ball
Volley
ball
Volley ball
Volley ball
Volley
ball
This is the soft program of animation. The complete program is done by 2
animators. There is no evening program so that leaves plenty of time for the
animators to prepare for tomorrow. The hard part is the fact that these two
animators are on their own so they have to balance their energy for 3, 6, 9
months of work.
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Daily program:
TRIPITI HOTEL AND BUNGALOWS, THASOS, GREECE
 10.00-12.00 Mini club
 10.30- Morning Gym
 10.30- Darts
 11.00- Bocce
 11.30- Course of swimming
 12.00- Aquabic
 12.30- Aperitiv games
 15.00-17.00 Mini club
 15.30- Darts
 16.00- Kids volley ball
 16.30- Volley beach
 21.00- Mini Disco
 21.30- Evening program
This hotel does not possess an ideal working condition for animation;
nevertheless this does not exclude the possibility to realize the program. All
places that are suitable for animation are used. Evening programs are done by
the pool. An improvised stage is set up near the bar. Beach near the hotel is
excellent for all activities.
Daily program:
HOTEL CLUB “HOLIDAYS IN EVIA “EVIA, GREECE
TIME
MORNING ACTIVITIES
10.00
MINI CLUB
SLOW GYM
10.30
AEROBIC
SWIMMING CLASS
11.00
DANCING CLASS
WATER POLLO
MARSHAL ARTS
MINI GOLF
12.00
APERITIV GAMES
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AFTERNOON ACTIVITIES
16.00
WATER POLLO
DANCING CLASS
TENNIS AND TABLE TENNIS
MINI CLUB
16.30
BEACH VOLLEY AND FOOTBALL
AEROBIC
WATER GYM
17.00
CELLULITE TRAINING
17.30
STRETCHING
PETANGUE
18.00
MINI GOLF
21.00
MINI DISCO
22.00
EVENING SPECTACLE
Hotel club “Holidays in Evia and Eretria Village” are the hotels that are located
on the island of Evia on the south of Greece. They are 115km away from
Athens. Evia is an island full of natural beauty and with many important
historical
and
archeological sites.
The position of the
hotels is a good
starting point for
visiting
traditional
villages,
churches
and pine forests.
There are also good
conditions for free
climbing,
walking
and fishing.
4. Discotheque, stage, pool “Holidays in Evia” Evia, Greece
The hotels consist of the main building with 330 rooms and 24 buildings
(apartments) which are positioned around the hotel. All rooms look at the beach
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and the garden. There is also main restaurant (where Greek specialties are
served), Silinos bar, tavern, beach restaurant, space for animation (animation is
in charge of costumes, props for shows and sports activities), space for water
sports (paragliding, banana ski, surfing, pedalines) sports pitches (basketball,
beach ball, volleyball, 2 tennis courts, two tables for table tennis, jogging track,
water polo) beach amenities (pool with sea water, small pool for children), pool
bar, disco, mini club, ship etc.
5. The stage and a part of discotheque ”Holidays in Evia”
The example from Evia shows that at least 15 to 20 animators are required.
Large number of animators covers all activities. Bigger repertoire is offered.
The role of a team leader is very important since it is a team consisted of a large
number of animators. In large hotels like “Holidays in Evia and Eretria Village”
the team of animators has constant chores.
3.1 Costumography, decoration, make-up and choreography
This hotel, as all similar hotel clubs, has more than 1500 costumes, variety of
props, large number of interesting hats, caps and wigs. The hotel has understood
the importance of investing in such matter. Saiti and Ivanovski (2008) talk that
these props provide visually better show. The animators have the possibility to
make a spectacle with their acting and with different costumes at professional
stage.
The make-up is necessary for every show. Animators have to put more make-up
so the effect would be more spectacular. In some shows like in Cannibal Show,
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the make-up is consisted from colors for face and body. Under the light these
make up help with the impression of professional atmosphere.
For each show different decorum is put. For shows like the Snowhite and seven
dwarfs the decorum is represented by special windows, fireplace and other
elements.
The hotels like this one have over 20 large decoration board. Each decoration
board is about 3*3m and before the each show is putted on the scene.
Sound effects are equally important as the latter categories. In the ceremony like
“The opening of Olympic games”, the smoke and lights of different colors leave
unforgettable impression of a theatrical spectacle. In the Cannibal show the fire
beneath the pot and the smoke are also an efficient part of the show. When the
lights are out, the animators use this opportunity to change the clothes, decorum
(picture 5.) etc. Without musical choreographies and previous preparations a
show cannot be professionally played. Same choreographies animators use in
communication and in the games that take place during the day. Choreographies
like village dance are easier to show because of the swift moves, efficient
effects and because it is easy to watch. Songs are the symbol of the animation,
hotel, and summer. In the first 45 days the choreographies are rehearsed.
Everyone in the team is given a part of the choreography that must be learned.
The main choreographer takes care of this. There are a lot of shows which
consist of a great number of musical numbers like: The Cinderella, Snowhite
and seven dwarfs, Greek show, French show, The Grease, Russian show etc.
Each of these shows require a lot of effort which later results in a successfully
played show. It is important to say that all rehearsals must be in full costumes
and make-up.
3.2 Communication in animation
Communication is the exchange of information between two or more persons. It
is an important tool of animation. We must point out that the basic of a good
team is communication. In their communication the animators ensure the easier
realization of the program, planning and achieving activities (programs,
excursions etc.). Communication evolves in the contact with people.
The most difficult and the most beautiful part is communication. The
communication with tourists is much easier if the language is acquired. It is
possible to achieve pleasurable acquaintances with the guests. It helps you to
get to know the guest as a person, then his culture and after all a little bit of
yourself. A lot of acquaintances continue even after the end of seasonal work.
Very frequent thing is to visit a friend that you met or you go to visit them
around the world. Long-term friendships can be acquired.
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We differ:
Verbal communication
Word is the main tool or combination of words, language. Via verbal
communication the animators connect with the institution in which they reside.
Information about an event, time or related to place is passed through verbal
communication.
Non-verbal communication
 the characteristics of a voice, intonation, pronunciation (paralinguistic
communication)


the way we move, body position (kinezic communication)
spatial relations (proxemic communication)
Non-verbal communication very often follows the verbal one (unconsciously) –
by moving hands, body, changing the pitch of voice.
K. Wheidall differs three main parts of non-verbal communication, according to
Ravkin, (1989. P. 54.):
Non-verbal signs efficiently suggest emotions,
Non-verbal communication can further complement the verbal communication
by gesticulating, nodding the head etc.
Non-verbal communication can replace the verbal one if it is necessary
Non-verbal communication is very important to animation. In some cases the
main form of animation is pantomime. The importance of the non-verbal
communication is evident when the language barrier is present. In most cases
animators work in big hotels where guests come from all over the world so the
gesticulation with a move is a universal language that everybody understands.
In our work we describe closely communication and importance for animators
(p. 115).
3.3.
Team work and team relations
The animation team is an integral part of a large hotel family. Hotel works as a
unity of multiple teams that are connected.
Each of these teams (reception, kitchen, restaurant, bar, laundry service…)
works in their own way but also they depend on the help that the other teams
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provide. In order to organize a big wedding in a hotel all teams must work
together.
Manager or a good team leader is necessary for a good team. Each decision of a
team leader must be the right one and the possibility to make a mistake is
brought down to minimum. Above all, a team leader must:
 have detail info on each problem
 check the exactness of the info
 have already done consultation with the supervisors
 not enforce his attitudes
 respect the opinion of each member of the team
 bring the right decision for the hotel, the guests and the team
 ensure the realization of the decision
Living in a team for 3,6,9 months is difficult. People come from different
countries, with different ambitions and beliefs. It is not easy to manage a team
that consists of 25-50 people. Each member of the team must realize that all are
equal and that the success is measured by the success of the whole team. Mutual
helping out, discipline, truth and friendship are only some of the things that the
animation team must possess.
Students come to practice for a month. Everybody helps so they could learn all
about the activities and to fit in more easily.
In each hotel there are rules that must be respected. Everyone adapts to the
rules. Each good idea is accepted and it can be realized in coordination with
management.
The most important thing is the team spirit. If it is present, the team is capable
of handling all problems that may appear. Team leader creates good atmosphere
in the team that must last for 3,6,9 months.
Team spirit is the most important thing to overcome all the difficulties. Team
spirit is dependent of the relation between team leader and animators. The team
leader creates good atmosphere in team that is present not just for a day or week
but for 3, 6, 9, 12 months.
We shall also mention the importance of a team when it comes to soft animation
which involves two, three or four animators. Their role is identical as it is in big
team. Animators must be fully concentrated because there is no possibility of
substitution. Psychological aspect is the most important as they have no option
for choosing a partner but they must rely on the colleague who is with him.
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Alongside, the atmosphere with the personnel in the hotel is constantly
evolving.
 Problems which occur in the animation team:

Different opinions.
Different way of thinking may appear as a problem. All members must think as
one. They must completely change the habits which they adopted at home or at
the previous job. Each member of the team must have a great will to work this
job and to be a part of the team which brings cheerful mood and joy to the
guests. The animator is satisfied because of the fact that he ensured great
moments for his clients in which he enjoyed also.

Different habits and lifestyle
Difficult part of the job for each team leader is create a team which works for
one goal from people which came with different habits and from different
places. Each of them is brought up in a different manner and came from various
cultural or religious background. These are the options which the team leader
should analyze and consider but each team member must understand the
situation he is in. He must be tolerant and fit in as soon as possible in team`s
way of work. In order for a team to function a lot of tolerance is required from
all members. The element that helps improve the work and the unity of the team
is certainly communication. The improvement is evident if the problems that
occur are solved by communication.
Anyone who has a problem is obliged to discuss it with the team and find the
best solution.

Individual work
Individual work can be a serious problem in the team of animators.
Individuality is not needed in team hence everyone must understand the
necessity of working as a team. Starting from daily activities, evening program
or situations where everyone helps out the sector that has a problem (the arrival
of large number of guests). The division of energy of the whole team is
extremely important so a team can function for the whole summer. It is not
possible to work at the same tempo from beginning to the end of the summer
and not have a break or hard times. In that period when an individual feels tired
the team is there to help. The whole team works at same intensity so the lack of
one individual`s full potential is not recognizable.
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One of the problems that may occur is certainly the intention to get the job done
before everybody else in the team. The problem is getting the credits that belong
to the whole team. This problem is in the individual who a team leader must
identify and adapt to team work. A person who cannot understand this must be
excluded from the team. The promotion on the behalf of others has a short term
effect and cannot be tolerated in a good team. If someone wants to get all the
credits for the evening program that is well done and that he explains it to
everyone in the hotel (to the audience and personnel), he should consider
leaving the team. The team work always comes first and that is a fact. If one
part of the team breaks the whole team collapses.

The arrival from countries with different standard
This is about countries with different standard. If one team consists of members
who come from prosperous and from countries with lower standard and if they
need to work together then the job must be divided cautiously. One has to be
focused on creating good atmosphere and tolerance among the team. The
practice is that the wage depends on the economic standard of the countries that
they come from. The members of the team, who come from countries with
lower standard, after a while, begin to notice the difference in the wages while
the amount of the job and activities is equally divided. You must talk to the
members so the unwanted effects can be avoided.
3.4. World examples
3.4.1. Blue Lagoon
The development of tourism potential based on offers of sports and recreational
activities will be demonstrated with the example of the complex "Blue Lagoon"
in Porec. At the end of the 60's, Porec represented a significant tourism potential
used by rare youth groups, a small number of domestic tourists and tourist
association from France, which was cultivating for years the active forms of
recreational water activities during their stay (Fatoric, 1989).
They could not pay the rent because of the financial problems, so they left their
equipment and props to their hosts. Tourism workers have noticed the benefits
of the active vacation and in the area of former camp they built a touristic
complex. In the early 80's that complex was composed by 60 tennis courts (2,
complex of the courts for small sports, stables for horse riding and a big nautical
center (on the water) (sailing boats, boats, sailing boards, canoes, pedal boats,
motor boats ...). A few years later a sport center with two halls was built. One
hall, for small sports, would be turned into a mall or a pub if it were necessary.
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The other one, if it was necessary, could have three tennis courts or any other
sport field. Based on such a concentration of sport courts and a mild
Mediterranean climate, hardworking hosts were able to extend the tourist season
from the usual 60 to 180 days, and half of the tourist facilities were opened
during the year, which significantly affected the flow of funds and maintenance
of image. With a range of such activities, "Blue and Green Lagoon" and, of
course, the whole Porec region, were the target of many tourists who were also
coming during the low season, confident that they will not be bored and that the
hosts will offer them something interesting. Tennis season lasted all year, and
during the low season weekend tournaments, which were gathering participants
from nearby countries - Austria, Italy and even Germany, were regularly
organized. The participants bore the cost of the rent, the organization, medals,
their own stay and the extra spending was also included. Besides the offer of
sport and recreational contents, the hosts had their own team of animators who
were in charge of offering adequate programs during the day and especially at
night, so that the guest always feels welcome and enjoys, relaxed, in the beauty
of the Mediterranean. Maintenance of such a number of sports courts and
recreational activities represents a particular organizational and financial
problem, which implies the synchronization of a large number of tourism
workers. According to the analysis of Fatoric and Zivanovic (1990), each single
court is not profitable, but in a package, the guest decides for this destination
because of the overall positive atmosphere that dominates many sports courts so
the investment of that kind returns on the overall plan.
3.4.2 Mediterranean Club
Club tourism is one of the aspects of tourism whose golden period of
development is registered in the past three decades. Philosophy of this kind of
traveling is based on comfortable accommodation in the tourist settlement of
scattered type (bungalows and apartments scattered around the greenery without
a large hotel complex). Another focal point is the insistence on relaxation and
on creating an environment in which communication is inevitable: it is
forbidden to wear suits and ties; the food is being served on the large tables; it is
possible to get the fruit in unlimited amounts; plastic beads, which are worn as
bracelets or necklaces, are used as the means of paying instead of money, and
nowadays, optical and magnetic cards are already being present. All the sports
activities are already included in the price and can be exercised as much as one
desires with the help of teachers or independently. The great number of
animators whose role is to launch a range of social, cultural and sporting events
in which the guests are also participating, are with the guests (on 1000 guests up
to 70 animators). And the atmosphere of a common, active holiday with the
intensive communication between all participants, is being created. That
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represents the main characteristic of the club tourism. The club "MED"
(abbreviation of the word "Mediterranean") is a French organization, whose
facilities are situated all around the world with a particular concentration on the
Mediterranean basin and besides the summer destinations also possesses several
attractive winter holiday destinations in Switzerland and France. The similar
organization in Germany is called "Robinson Club" and it brings together a
large number of tourists who prefer active forms of tourism. It is certainly true
that this kind of travel arrangement is more expensive, but gives them the
freedom to participate whenever and wherever they want, and for that reason, it
provides much more than a conventional tourism, which, in the end, almost
always costs more. "All-inclusive" philosophy is a great success on the tourism
market as a part of the offers of the big agencies, and tourists gladly choose
such kind of arrangements because they are liberated from small organizational
problems at their new tourist destination. This applies to those kinds of tourists
who always choose something new for a vacation, following the trends and
experiencing the holiday as their own creation, unlike the people who, for
years, go to relax and "recharge their batteries" to the same places and to the
same hosts. Club Mediterranean has been working for 50 years, and today is
worth 1.3 billion dollars. There are 98 villages in 40 countries on all five
continents, within the club. All Club Med villages are placed on beautiful
locations and offer to the tourists not only numerous activities, but also varied
cuisines. This formula has proven to be one of the most successful offers in the
international tourism.
Example - Mediterranean Club - Club formula of how to use sport and
recreation for tourism development. Club Med is one of the largest tour
operators in the world, with 1.6 million clients on annual level. These clients are
staying in one of the 98 Club Med villages, either in the cabin or in a luxury
bungalow or a hotel, or they are situated in one of two luxury ships, owned by
the Club. Concept of Club Med is different from the offer of other travel
agencies. Club Med wants to provide a relaxing journey to people, away from
life's everyday problems and stress. In these magical places, social differences
disappear and people should feel completely free. The unlimited amount of
different food and drinks are included in price paid by the customers.
In 1950, Belgian, Gerard Blic, founded a small company - Mediterranean Club to give people the opportunity to return to the nature. All the Club Med villages,
at that time, were quite primitive and consisted of a tent or a cabin. During the
following years a number of villages and ski resorts were built, and a firm
became a French company. Since 1963 company was administered by
Frenchman Gilbert Trigano, who dedicated his life to the club. Under his
leadership the Club Med opened its villages around the world, which were
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characterized by the luxury and a wide range of all types of social and
recreational activities. In 1982, this diversity has led to the separation of
commercial and administrative functions of the company (Europe, Africa,
America, and Asian / Indian and Atlantic Ocean) by regions, and to a division
into two legal structures (Club Med SA, and Club Med Inc.) which operate
completely independently. In the meantime, a few smaller companies, which
operated in the tourism market, were bought, so the Club Med's market share
has increased. In order to satisfy the needs of different target groups, Club Med
has made its offer even more diverse. Examples of these offers are the club
hotels, City Club, as well as less expensive alternatives - such as "Aquarius
Club". Recently, Club Med has also begun to organize expensive cruises on two
luxury ships, Club Med I and II.
Tasks, within the various villages around the world, are managed by the "Head
of village" or village manager. This person has 120 animators and 300 other
people of different nationalities under his control. Considering that the people
who are on the lowest level of the organization are in direct contact with
customers, their proper selection and training is very important. To increase the
number of clients, Club Med is trying to improve the quality of offered services
and to train animators and their supervisors, Heads of villages. Moreover, the
market researches are being performed in order to identify the specific needs of
the target groups from different countries. In the next twenty years the system of
memory card will be fully developed. The client will choose from his home
what kind of a trip he wants (for example, snow or sun), and the organization
will select a destination for the client. The great advantage of this system is that
the client does not have to carry luggage, because everything is available in the
village. Club Med annually earns around 600 million dollars, with an annual
profit of 30 million dollars.
During the last years, 1.6 million clients have been using the services of Club
Med, with a trend of increasement. This is a typical example of a holiday that
consists of a number of sports activities. Apart from Club Med there are other
famous companies of this type, for example, Central Park and the Robinson
Club. The success of the Club Med, encouraged other clubs (such as Club
Aldiana, Eskolet Club, Club Mark Werner, Club Valtur, Sunsail club and
Robinson club, to follow this formula. The Saint Club on the Canary Island, is
being advertised as the "World Sports Resort no. 1", offering what we would
describe as world-class facilities for over 20 sports including volleyball, tennis,
also stadium with facilities for all Olympic athletic sports, except hammer
throw. These expensive clubs who are primarily made for adults, are an
improved version of children's summer sports camps, which have been very
popular in the U.S. for decades. Over the past few years, this club formula
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suffered a renewal in Western Europe. Club holidays with sport activities are
available during the whole year (they do not depend on weather conditions) at
numerous locations across Europe.
3.4.3 The world of Disney
Childcare is something that occupies parents, and they often decide to travel so
that the children could change the environment. When they come to the tourist
spot, parents and children are spending the whole day together. This is very
difficult for both of them. Childcare, organized service of acceptance and
implementation of the program with the children, per hour, or during the whole
morning, is a program that parents gladly accept, and sometimes children prefer
more to play with their peers than with mom and dad to whom the most
important thing is child's "education" and behavior.
Disney's approach to sport and recreational tourism - development of sport and
recreational facilities in order to increase tourism. When they hear the word
"Disney", most people imagine Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and think of
amusement parks. We find the origin of amusement parks in the ancient and
medieval religious ceremonies and trade fairs. Public resorts, called gardens of
pleasure, which are used for holidays and recreation, appeared in Europe for the
first time in the Renaissance. In 1955, the revolutionary change came to the
amusement parks. Changes were caused by the development of new theme
parks. First Disney's park was opened in Anaheim in California and Disneyland
was occupying 75 hectare. Five years after death of its founder, cartoonist Walt
Disney (1901-1966), the World of Walt Disney was opened; a new park, which
occupies 11,300 hectares, on the Lake Buena Vista in Orlando - Central Florida.
As an addition to the Magic Kingdom, resort in Florida contains many theme
areas, recreation facilities (new Wild world of sports complex), its own
transportation system, hotels and camping grounds. The entire resort covers an
area equal to the surface of San Francisco. The economic and social impact of
Disney's world is very important. In the first 10 years of the existence of the
park in Florida, it is estimated that the park guests spent 14 billion U.S. dollars.
Recently, Corporation of Walt Disney World became even more popular
through the sport and recreation. It is concluded that the parents also want more
from a holiday, than lying on the beach. They would rather learn something
than be lazy, and that is offered in the Walt Disney World. Although he owned
the team of National Hockey League, Aneheim sweatshirt, and a part of the
California Angels (baseball team from the major leagues), Disney made the
athletic complex of 200 acres in the Disney World. Each accommodation
facility within the Disney world already has its own sports facilities, where
visitors can swim, row, rent boats for water-skiing with drivers and equipment,
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go on fishing expeditions and horse riding, walk, ride a bike on the trails that
lead through the park, as well as play tennis, especially golf. Now, with a
project such as the Olympic games, which has been promoted as the
International Sports Complex of Walt Disney World, facilities for 25 sports are
provided, starting from the aerobics to the fencing. The main part of
multimillion - dollar project is the basketball hall with 7,500 seats, and the
company hopes that it will be used for preparation and trainings of the
professional league teams. Besides, there are also smaller halls for basketball
and volleyball with 5,000 seats, 12 tennis courts (including a center court with
2,000 seats), four basketball courts, four softball courts (type of baseball which
is played with a soft ball), facilities for athletics and fitness centers.
With 26 employees who are working full-time in the sports unit situated in
Orlando, Disney presents its parks as places of sporting events. Five great golf
courses, on which great tournaments are being played, the course of nine holes,
four driving polygons, three professional shops, and 22 golf professionals are
available to the guests of Walt Disney World. This park organizes positive golf
tournaments every year and plans more than a thousand group tournaments for
guests who are staying in one of the four congress hotels managed and owned
by the Disney Company. For the beginners, especially for the young, there is a
court with six holes – Wi Links, a miniature court, which includes water and
sand traps, trees and greenery. Sticks, balls and shoes can be rented.
In addition to this, Disney sponsors a marathon, through theme parks, which is
organized every January and attracts nearly 6,000 participants. He also
organizes and Indy Car Racing with 200 cars. The race takes place on a
specially built track, 1.1 mile long that runs next to a Magical Kingdom, with
temporarily uncovered grandstands that can receive up to 60,000 spectators.
Other sports events organized by Disney include Triathlon World Cup and the
Disney's football cup. This Cup has brought together 6,000 children from the
United States, Asia, Europe and Latin America, and was organized in the Rose
Bowl in Pasadena - California, the day after the football World Cup in 1995.
This event was not a test for future investment in football. It was a part of an
international marketing campaign. All participants received a free ticket to
Disneyland.
A group of approximately 650 young professionals from the whole country
spent a week in Orlando, playing student tournaments in basketball and
volleyball, and having fun in Disney’s studios as well as on the Island of
Enjoyment, a floating collection of themed bars. Along with travel and
accommodation package, participants got a one-day ticket to visit any of
Disney's attractions. Another Disney's attempt to sell entertainment directly to
the adults is the Disney Institute, “Educational and Entertainment Complex” in
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the Disney village resort in Orlando, which allows the visitors superficial
engagement in different areas, such as entertainment (learning animation),
cooking, sports and fitness (counseling services for golf and tai chi chuan). It is
believed that this will attract tourists interested in improving health through the
acquisition of knowledge and activities.
Walt Disney company hopes to attract everyone to their park, starting from
basketball players from the first division during spring preparations to those
from the lower leagues and amateur athletes involved in sports in their free
time. In the Walt Disney Park, they believe that they will become a main sports
destination. The only purpose of this diversity of happenings is to attract many
sporting events starting from the competition of different age groups, to the
professional sports events. The objective of the park is to host 160 sporting
events each year. Amateur Athletic Union has moved to Disney in 1997 and
guarantees more than 50 sporting events annually. Even greater proof of
credibility is the fact that the world-famous basketball team, Harlem
Globetrotter (world travelers), has chosen a spacious Sports World as their
permanent location for practice.
3.4.4. T - Card
We live in a time of electronics, computers and check cards, and linking these
three institutions into one system is still only a visionary idea: Abraham Horst
(1985 p. 29), when imagining his ideal ski school, introduces the function of a
magnetic card which each guest carries. The same way we phone today from the
telephone box, it is possible to supply all location services with electronics and
remove the usage of the wallet, problems with coins and tips ...After the stay is
finished it is known instantly how much it was spent, and the payment must be
immediate with "Visa" card or with credit in monthly installments. Differences
in the total amount spent would not be so high, but the guest would pay what he
really wants at that moment. BUFFETS, the way of nutrition when guest takes
from the variety of dishes, as much as he want, also functions by the same logic.
This reduces the amount of thrown food and requires less staff for serving the
food, and the whole time, there is an illusion of luxury and abundance.
3.5.
The importance and the application of recreation and animation in
spa tourism
Tourism as a social phenomenon exists almost as long as the human selfconsciousness. Different needs stimulated a man, so the oldest travelling was
for religious customs, healing, trade, learning, crafts etc..Tourism experienced
intensive development after the industrial revolution, when the people,
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realistically speaking, were expressing the greater need for a change, or a
vacation, and when the fund of free time was created.
Using all the benefits of investment and knowledge of previous generations, a
man lives more and more comfortable, with less physical stress, in comfortable
conditions, eats more diverse food. Generations that grow are generally higher,
better nourished, but they are less physically fit. Modern way of life brings with
it a number of negativities, such as ground pollution, water pollution, air and
nuclear pollution. Also, there is much more noise, the rhythm of life and work is
accelerated, the number of stress situations increased. Special attention needs to
be drawn to emphasizing of HYPOKINESIA, or, lack of movement in everyday
life and work of a modern man.
According to the researches of soviet academic Berg, in the last 150 years the
way of life, especially manufacturing, has changed radically. For example, in
1850, 95% of the used energy source was human muscular work, and the other
5% was animal energy, water etc.. One hundred years later, in 1950, water
energy water, coal, water steam, petrol and electricity covered 99% of energy
required in the process of production at the global level. A quarter century later,
the total energy of the human muscular work used in process of production is
0.5% with a tendency of further reduction. Man as a species has survived for the
centuries, using his work and moving from 10 to 16 hours per day, but today, he
spends so much time sitting at work, in the car or in front of the TV. Body and
certain organ systems simply cannot adapt so quickly to the new situation,
which leads to a whole range of degenerative processes.
*** Recreation and tourism more and more represent the biological and cultural
necessity and wherever they appear they produce better living and work
conditions. The pioneers of the modern tourism have spotted the thrill of the
tourists when they are presented with an offer rich in content. They have put the
sports recreational activities in the repertoire of their services and the results of
that are:
•
Successful vacation from a health and recreational point of view,
•
Meaningfully spent time on vacation, without the feeling of boredom and
lost time
•
The security of selling the capacities, persuasive marketing, the increase of
trade
(Živanović, Ž. 1974).
A tourist stay at a spa should enable the guests to solve their health problems
primarily and meet their recreational needs. More than 200 years ago Tiso said:
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“Physical activity can help or substitute the medicaments, while not even one
medicament can be a substitute for physical activity.“
The implementation of organized recreation for groups of workers from
Belgrade in Vrnjačka Spa (686 workers in year 1973) was analyzed, and it was
stated:
- 78.58% improved their fitness condition
- 34.60% improved their mental freshness
After interviewing the workers, following
-Does this kind of exercise match your desires?
YES - 86.77%
Partly - 9.10%
results
were
obtained:
No - 4.13%
Which part of the program aroused the biggest interest in you?
- Morning walks 24.80%
- Socio-amusement games 10.70%
- Fun in the bus 5.84%
- Morning recreation 11.57%
- Excursions 27.27%
- Afternoon recreation 4.30% (Živanović Ž. 1974)
Although for Tourism as a sector of Industry MONEY is the beginning and the
end of the story, we must be aware that the situation is a little different with
consumers. Marković and Mojze conclude: "Both phenomena - tourism and
sport – were initiated for non-economic motives, and essentially the same ones.
Although the conceptual forms are different, they can be reduced to the
psychophysical recreation. As a rule, people do not go on tourist trips with
economic motives for profit. They are not doing it to meet their economic, but
rather health, recreation and cultural needs. "(1972.).
The latest research and current market-value relations emphasize the economic
importance of recreation and tourism, as the prominent author points out: "Sport
Sector or so called Sports-industrial complex has become one of the top ten
areas of capital and employment placement in the developed countries of
Europe and America. Back in the year 1973 a turnover achieved in this sector in
the U.S. reached three billion dollars. That sector of activities has the role of a
propulsive factor in the further development of tourism, which, as it is known,
allows the realization of hyper accumulated capital"... (Raič. A.1989).
When we think about it and evaluate how spa tourism will be developing, it is
undeniable that the economics of business and market behavior will have the
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final say. Behind every financial decision, and, ultimately, a financial decision
is also every decision to stay in a spa, lay certain motives or reasons which drive
us to make the decision.
Recreation is an essential element of modern life and a very important program
element of every, tourism, and especially spa tourism. Tourism Champion of
Yugoslavia in the year 1990, Vrnjačka Spa, has incorporated into its range
everything that is being required more and more: extensive repertoire of various
events "100 performances in 100 days," it received a "sports pendant" domestic and foreign athletes on preparations, which have led to international
success, and with it, among other things, the media spectacle "Games without
Frontiers".
Not to leave out the information that apart from large swimming areas,
landscaped walking paths and picnic areas, several tennis courts and a cute
sports-recreational center "Paradise", in every accommodation facility of the
Spa there is also something aimed for having fun and spending useful leisure
time.
Europe has evidently arrived at our champions spa, Aferim!
From everything stated earlier, a certain conclusion could be made: significant
disorders in normal living and working habits have occurred, and it has had an
essential influence on an everyday man. The well-being is driving the
civilization into ruination. The human mind, so powerful that it explores and
comprehends the Universe, is driving its own biological being to the minimum
of its own abilities. It’s true that the man today doesn’t need muscles to survive,
but we still need to maintain them in a normal functional state. It is a paradox
that body building is one of today’s most popular sports, yet we have so little
use of our muscles. It is also considered a modern trend to wear snickers and to
dress sporty. On these market facts and trends, we need to perceive the future of
spas and climate resorts.
Relac and Bartoluci state the following (1987) : “ According to the data from
UNESCO, almost all around the world there has been noticed a tendency of
reduced involvement of citizens in purely competitive sports which require
time-consuming and laborious daily preparation, and what prevails is the
interest of citizens of all ages in freelance sporting activities related to the need
for psychological relief and relaxation. “
 The program contents
The daily program includes programming entities such as MATINS: the
transition from night to day, activities of moderate intensity in the open air, such
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as walking, legwork, stretches, flexibility, agility. The realization is possible in
two basic forms:
1. Always at the same, well selected and properly equipped place. The
program runs from 7 to 8 hours, guests come and go as they please, and
participate in accordance to how they feel that specific morning. The
program is being led by a couple of experts with the help of music and
sound system. Something similar exists and functions at “Mediterranean
club".
2. The surprise program always starts at the same place at the same time, and
then the group sets off to a new and unknown place, and the program is
adapted to the conditions of the area where it takes place. This form leaves
the participants to participate themselves in creation of the atmosphere with
their own add-on program.
3. The evening programs are a special challenge and often a “slippery slope”
for the organization. The rhythm of life and the way of entertainment are
changing significantly, so we find ourselves more and more in the presence
of video and computer games, video stores, discotheques, etc. All these
activities should have their place in spa programs, after all, that is what
brings profit, but every tourist resort has to build its own image if it intends
on being present on the market. If we cultivate the forms of entertainment
which are present even more and in a better way than at some other tourist
resorts, this is what our guest would remember our resort by, and will come
back to it again and again. We must nurture and develop our own tradition
of spa as a center of entertainment of new generations, where there is
enough room for everyone that wants to join in.
Evening activities can be organized with the help of professionals FOR OUR
GUESTS, but what will be more remembered are the nights and the programs
which we have MADE WITH OUR GUESTS, when we had games in which we
participated, or they introduce themselves in the program SHOW WHAT YOU
KNOW when we acted or sang “the way we used to”, when there was the
unforgettable MASK CARNIVAL and swimwear fashion show for the winter.
The effort put into animation of guests pays off indeed. That can perhaps best
be testified by “Mediterranean club" "Robinson Club" or large tourist agencies
such as "Thompson", "Cook" or "BEMEXTours", which also have a whole
team of animators.
“Within the evening programs there is room for promotional and selling textile,
shoe, or other fashion shows, evenings of local specialties with wine tasting,
recipes to prepare at home, selling spices, for a variety of commodity-money
lotteries, bingo, etc. "Mitic (2005)”.
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Weekly program includes activities that are repeated every seven days, and are
related to particular trips, arrivals and departures of guests, market day.
Weekend tournament is a competition with which we practically prolong the
season. The tournament is a reason for coming, paying the courts, hotel, and
organizing the competitions. The guest is willing to pay for it all just to have a
chance to participate and possibly win.
Seasonal program must include a number of specific actions and events that do
not belong to the established daily and weekly schedule. We need to mark in an
appropriate way the beginning and the end of the tourist season, the traditional
celebration related to a specific day of the year, national holidays, religious
customs (St. George, Demetrius day, Easter, Christmas, Pentecost, Mother's
Day ..) or, as it is already being done by some tourist centers, to organize the
days of mowing, wolf hunting, fishing days. These program units or theme
parties require special preparation (organizational, marketing and advertising),
because they overcome the frame of usual programs.
It is common that in such situations the program is being implemented in three
stages:
a - The program that is being watched
b - The program in which one participates in order to try something new
c - The competitive program
To be sincere, it does feel good.
 Special and technical conditions
The program which we choose to implement defines the necessary spatial and
technical requirements. On the basis of what we have, a plan for adaptation of
existing facilities is being made, as well as the construction and acquisition of
what is missing.
Requirements for the implementation of the program in the open:
1. Sports facilities for particular sports, or universal courts which, with small
modifications, can be used in several different ways (football-basketballvolleyball, golf bowling, tennis);
2. Marked walking paths, or "paths of health" in certain colors and of certain
length, with the necessary instructions for their use;
3. Summer stage for the implementation of cultural and artistic programs;
4. Picnic-plot with furnished fireboxes and related canopies, tables, chairs;
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5. Mobile sound system for the realization of the program, conferences,
awards;
6. Disneyland, a center for children to play outdoors;
7. Trim park.
As far as the indoor spaces go, it is possible to build:
1. Diagnostic center with equipment needed for the monitoring of basic motor
and functional abilities: within the center there is also counseling for
program users.
2. Rental service for renting equipment such as: balls, rackets, bicycles,
swimming caps, etc.
3. Indoor sports facilities: halls for basketball-volleyball-football, pool, sauna,
solarium, fitness center, bowling, archery, darts.
4. Game spaces (chess, cards, dominoes, dice), for social life (video-club,
disco-club, debate club) and for dinner parties with the necessary technical
equipment.
 Professional staff
When it comes to hiring specific professional staff for the implementation of the
targeted programs, we often find ourselves in a position to have that as the key
issue in the implementation. Tourism requires teamwork, a high degree of
coordination and tolerance between those who implement the program.
Situation "on the field" requires immediate changes or changes in activities, it
regards live people, their vacation and invested assets are at stake. Everything
has to function well; everyone has to be happy...
Relac (1972 p. 115), when talking about the implementation of the program of
recreational activities, says: "In it are interpolated specific profiles of
professionals of different areas, from hoteliers, economists, propagandists,
architects, traffic experts, to animators, educators and organizers of " free time,
"who are taking care of the staying content of their guests."
 Information-Propaganda-Marketing
"Every tourist is a potential user of services in the field of recreation," Mitic
(2007). It is a starting point when it comes to publicity and information of
potential guests and the present ones.
Propaganda in the service of spa tourism is an activity designed to create a
positive orientation of potential clients for this type of traveling. What is being
promoted is the following: healthy life style, nutrition, active holidays, going
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back to nature, health as value and a permanent "investment", the ease of
communication, joy of life and movement.
"Information is the capital, when it is placed at the right time and right place,"
Mitic (1994). We divide informing into preparatory (on conditions of travel and
stay, programs, pricing, possibilities of extra activities, etc.). Receiving
information in the course of the stay, this may be through posters, bulletin
boards, internal public address system or through the living word, possibly via
closed-circuit television and video technology. Customers must possess, or be
introduced to the information about:
1. Weekly program of activities;
2. Daily program of activities;
3. Specific activities (trips: when, where, who, how much it costs, regress ...)
Marketing is present always and everywhere. Spa must be present in the
market, must impose itself on sponsors and those organizations that promote the
same goals of healthy lifestyle. There is logic for complementary participation:
sports equipment manufacturers, health food, insurance companies, health
funds...
3.6. Direct and indirect effects of the program of animation
Communication helps to create a family type of atmosphere where people feel
much more relaxed and comfortable. This is achieved by directly or indirectly
including an animator who is credited for the good management of the hotel i.e.
for the increase of the profit. “The biggest profit is in the bar and for the bar to
work well, good animation is needed and the right approach to the guests” Mitic
(2012). If the guests are satisfied with complete program and with the hotel
service they will pass good impressions to their friends and recommend the
hotel as a good place to spend two weeks of the yearly vacation or they will
choose the same hotel for the next holiday.
The success of animation is measured by the number of guests in the bar or
night club. In order to achieve this, daily program of animation is very
important. In this part through sport you pass information and make contact.
The advantages of the hotel that employs animators:
 the guests are more satisfied
 better booking
 better profit
 different groups of tourists are attracted
 better image of the hotel
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The animator team must follow the directives from the management in order to
achieve the goals.
We may define the goals as:
Better programs – more profit
More activities – better image
Bigger tourist agencies that in their offer have exclusive and big hotels employ
specially trained animators so they can be sure that beside the good hotel they
offer good animation also. These animators work for a tourist agency and not
for the hotel, which means that they will try to sell additional arrangements as
much as possible like: boat trips, visits to cultural monuments, water sports etc.
However, that pulls the guests away from the hotel and as a result the profit of
the hotel is reduced but every tourist agency has signed contract with a hotel
and in that way any quarrels among them are avoided. One of the problems that
may arise is when there is a clash between the animators who work for the hotel
and the ones who work for the tourist agency. Problems considering the
program, working hours and responsibility in work may then arise.
The increase of the profit in a hotel through various programs of animation (Rakin
2001.)
Kitchen
Bar
Other offers
HOTEL ***
18%
76%
63%
HOTEL ****
36%
75%
74%
HOTEL *****
32%
92%
84%
Finger K. (1976, p. 33) in ``Recreation and sport in Robinsone hotels`` says:
``The research of tourism today no longer signifies vacation as a time of parttime leisure but it brings various functions.
``There is also a wish for: communication, freedom, fun, activity, further
education.``
Finger, a sociologist, has become one of the most respected ``animators in
tourism``. Tourism today relies on programs and the versatility of the offer and
special teams of experts deal with problems like ``how to present what we offer.
`` Animator is a new profession in tourism that came up from the need to
increase the amount of money that tourists spend along with their satisfaction.
Animator is there to make a good mood. Who does not want to have a good
time on a holiday? Everybody wants to enjoy the vacation and bring nice
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memories from it. This is why there are animators who will through their
programs give the vacation different dimension. Second advantage is that it
brings up the possibility for communication. Animator`s mission is to bring
people together through his activities and since the program is adapted to all
ages everyone can join and find at least one activity in which he could take a
part. Animation offers programs for kids who allow parents to take the few
hours for them and leave the kids to animators. We see from all of this that the
guests have a huge interest to spend their vacation in the hotel with animation
and that this is a relevant factor in the choice if a hotel.
All-inclusive hotels are dominant in a tourist offer. The goal is that the guest
does not think about the expenses and instead enjoy in abundance of food and
drinks that is offered in unlimited quantities. The role of animation in these
hotels is to provide the program for the guests who, as a rule spend most of their
time in the hotel where they can consume all the things they had paid in
advance. The other role is to increase the level of activities which will include
the guests in a way that they do not have the time to constantly drink at the bar.
If the all-inclusive is lasting until 11 pm. then the evening program of animation
must be finished until that hour. The management of a hotel will be particularly
satisfied if a large number of guests goes to a terrace that is not in the allinclusive system and spend the rest of the night there. Off course the guests
know very well the conditions of the offer that they chose. Hence, a small cheat
with the program that is organized in a restaurant that is paid extra can pass only
if the guest is happy with the program that is offered so he does not make a fuss
over few drinks that he has to pay if the party is organized in a memorable
manner.
A guest wants to capture nice moments so cameras are used when something is
interesting. Contact programs are based on the participation of the guests and
that is an extra challenge because on the stage are persons who we are fond of
and this is an additional reason to capture this moment by a video or a photo.
We notice few dimensions of increased tourist consumption on the basis of
these events.
Primarily a contact program keeps the participants and their friends in the
facility where they consume the food and drinks during the show and
especially immediately after the show where they, by the bar, discuss
and analyze the show. One of the relevant goals is to forget about
everyday problems, get away from regular duties through different
activities.
Secondary – the profit of the bar is increased
Third - a guest looks through the photos and videos at home and indirectly
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recommends to his friends and family that type of vacation that one
can experience. We have data that a satisfied guest happily returns to
the same destination and very often the program of animation is one of
the major factors of the decision to come in the same hotel again.
Team of animation creates, carries out and analyses the program. The economic
effects of the realization of the programs are a constant theme in all daily,
monthly and yearly analyses. If the basic program is fulfilled then every
member of the team may get the resources that are in the contract.
Extra income depends on the realization of additional programs like various
trips: bus, boat, bicycle, jeeps, motors... The percentage is agreed in advance
with the management of the hotel, and it is usual to make a precise record of
what everyone had done so based on that everyone can get a fair share of the
profit.
Well developed evening program does not end with a show on stage, but as a
rule the party is carried on at a club. Village dance (picture 5a) is designed as a
small group choreography that is a trademark of the hotel and as such it is
marketed during the day and night as a mutual activity for all ages. We have
noticed that the guests enjoy in these activities so we made a couple of dance
choreographies to the music that is up to date. It is normal that a guest who has
learned one of the choreographies wants to show it to his friends. All he needs
now is a compilation of hit songs that we burned to a CD. A satisfied guest is
the best marketing tool because he is the one who will advertise the hotel and
each time he listens to a CD he teaches his friends the routines or simply
through music experiences joy which he had on a vacation.
Technology is developing constantly, it makes the realization of the programs
easier and gives new possibilities to advertise and make profit at the same time.
Mini DV camera and a computer with software for image processing can give
us a video in just a few hours. A video of the kids who participate in the
program, dance on the stage is a valuable material and certainly parents want to
have it.
Technology is a tool that can be used to create or track a program. It sharpens
the criteria of being up to date and requests of the animator to follow the
development of technology, music trends, and socio-political events and in that
way participate in the creation of the program by giving his creative
contribution.
Conclusion
A satisfied guest is the ultimate goal of contact programs. In that sense he
becomes external associate of the hotel who unconsciously does the most
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valuable part of marketing because based on his experience he presents the
events he attended and in that way practically invites new guests.
Professionally realized program has direct and indirect economic effects for the
hotel and for the team of animation who can have additional earnings from extra
programs provided that some special tourist offer is successfully marketed
which is an additional motive for every animator in particular.
5a. Willage dance, Halkidiki
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4.
I N
T O U R I S M
ANIMATOR
The animator is the initiator and the promoter of the program. He is a tourist
worker that has to satisfy the required criteria with his general characteristics.
The activity starts with the first contact with the guest and lasts till the departure
which includes the promise that next time they will experience new activities.
This is the reason why the animator has to be psychophysically prepared in a
certain way. Animator is a person who is informed about the current events of
the country where he works, especially if big sports events are taking place like
World Cup in football or basketball, Olympic games, Eurovision song contest
etc. He must be informed about the hotel (how to find bungalows, how to find
certain tavern, when does the certain activity start…). Every day he is cheerful
and smiling and he shows it not only when he speaks to the guests but also
when he is passing through. He has to be a gentleman and his manners have to
be on a certain level. He is willing to help each client (to a kid who is looking
for parents, to an old lady who wants to enter the elevator).
Every animator has to take care of his appearance, physical condition.
Nowadays the technology has made a breakthrough in medicine, sport, and
communication but also in animation. Modern animator speaks fluently three
languages and knows the basics of two more. He must know to work on
computer, use the internet, and mobile phones. The ones who are more
dedicated to their work know how to work with camera, laptop and know how
to make DVD movies. They have to be good photographers and be capable of
memorizing important moments on camera. He must communicate with a guest
even though he is not prepared for this, he must do the daily or evening activity
on the spot and create good atmosphere.
He must avoid potentially dangerous situations and remember that THE
CUSTOMER IS ALWAYS RIGHT.
One of the rules is to carefully listen to what the clients have to say and then
answer and never try to interrupt someone. He must be well mannered.
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In every situation he must be prepared to do a show (when giving awards he can
create spectacle…). All of this leads to the fact that the animators must speak
several languages. They go to various courses, read books in different
languages, and use e-mails. There is no limit when investing in intellectual and
psychophysical skills. You must constantly invest in yourself. All investments
pay off in the end.
Nestorovska, (2005. p149.) says: „Animator is above all professionally trained
tourist worker whose job is to fulfill the expectations of the guests”.
In the same book Radoslava Ravkin says that the animator is the middle man
who helps the people communicate through activities, games....
ANIMATOr
INICIATOr
THe HOST
OrGANISer
rePreSeNTATIVe
UNIVerSAL MAN
INFOrMer
SPeCIALIST
PArTNer IN
COMMUNICATION
ACTIVe GUeST
„FrIeND“ON
VACATION
„FrIeND OF THe GUeST“
The role of the animator according to Cerović, Z. 1999.
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Cerović gives a scheme in which the animator is an all round person. It is a fact
that he described the animator firstly as the initiator. I believe that the animator
must possess the skill of provoking the clients to participate in the activities that
are represented in a hotel.
The animator is expected to:
 Always smile
 Be the first one to greet the guests
 Never be late
 Take care of the props
 Never swear
 Develop a friendly atmosphere in the team
 Be polite to everybody
 Never talk about his personal issues
 Never underestimate the hotel and constantly promote the hotel capacities
 Promote the activities constantly
 Help in every situation
 Never use drugs or alcohol
 Act as himself and never express boredom
 Does not display his relations with the guests or personnel publicly
Things that are the characteristics of an animator, who goes away for 3, 6, 9
months are:
The bag of the animator (basic stuff):
 Summer clothes
 Trainers
 Comfortable shoes for dance
 Black pants – white shirt, or black skirt and white shirt
 T-shirts
 Sunglasses
 Wrist watch with an alarm
 Shaving and depilation accessories
 Swim suit and towel
 Passport and 2 photos
 medicine
Props:
 Balloons
 Tennis balls
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








I N
T O U R I S M
Table tennis balls
Duct tape
Cork
Rims
Skipping rope
Music CD
Microphone, CD player, music for the activities
Whistle, knife with multiple blades
Camera, photo camera, laptop
4.1. Recent research
Recreation and tourism, as social phenomena, more and more show its
importance in free time that constantly expands. These are the words of
Živanović, Ž. in a book „Preference of attitudes and the necessity of recreation
in tourist centers of Serbia“(Collection of essays, 1990. pg. 333). He is a man
who left valuable works in the research concerning recreation and tourism. The
data that were used are from several research studies that point out the existence
of an organized form of working out. Likewise, the choice of destination is
dependent on the tourist offer. The demands of the guests get more complex
which expands the offer of the services on the market.
The presented data are received from several research studies that were
conducted in several places in Serbia. The people who work in Belgrade and go
to vacation in Vrnjacka Banja think that:
…6. Vacation should be
Organized
Partly organized
No extra organization is required
No response
1973 god.
37,14%
32,86%
15,00%
15,00%
1988 god.
34,00%
24,00%
40,00%
2,00%
7. Do you agree that the vacation is divided in two parts, several days in summer
and several days in winter?
Yes
37,86%
80,00%
No
32,86%
16,00%
Maybe
16,42%
2,00%
No response
12,86%
2,00%
8. How do you spend your vacation:
At home doing chores
At home doing nothing
Going to summer resorts
Farming or doing something else
outside permanent habitat
Visiting relatives
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27,14%
3,58%
24,29%
14,00%
4,00%
58,00%
0,71%
22,14%
6,00%
14,00%
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Doing favorite activity
No response
T O U R I S M
7,14%
15,00%
4,00%
0,00%
9. If the opportunity comes I would spend the vacation with family in:
Mountain
23,57%
34,00%
Sea
30,00%
40,00%
Abroad
3,57%
14,00%
Spa
25,72%
10,00%
No response
17,14%
2,00%
Genex hotels on Kopaonik hired Cesic who conducted the extensive and
successful market study. Here is presented only part of the data that are
important to our research:
…THE MOTIVES FOR THE CHOICE OF TOURIST CENTRE
Good pitches
22,62%
Vicinity
21,33%
The friends
7,45%
Economic price
6,68%
Like it
3,85%
Went with school
2,31%
Good service
2,05%
Well organized
2,05%
Good conditions
1,54%
Sun
1,28%
Recommendation
1,02%
No fuss
1,02%
Ski center
0,77%
The possession of a house
0,77%
A friend
0,77%
Suitable courts
0,77%
Habit
0,51%
Connected courts
0,51%
Something else
8,96%
What does the skiing mean for you (open answer)?
Recreation
27
The most beautiful sport
Pleasure
26,5
Vicinity
Interesting sport
21,75
Right stuff
Healthy activity
17
Snow
Vacation and relaxation 9,75
Attractiveness
Fun
5,75
Challenge
Beauty
6,25
Expensive sport
Difficult sport
0,5
Strength
Winter joy
0,5
Relief
Friends
0,75
Hobby
Activity
0,5
he prettiest feeling
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4.75
1,75
1,75
1,5
0,75
0,75
0,5
0,25
0.25
0,75
0,25
A N I M A T O R
Thrill
Passion
Torture
Joy
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
I N
T O U R I S M
Fad
Light
Freedom
Technology
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
The duration of the skiing..
Weekend
4
A week
37,75
10-12 days
32,25
2 weeks
18,75
3 weeks
3.25
Over 3 weeks
0.75
Something else
3,25
The research of the needs and attitudes considering the recreation on the lake of
Bor imply on the necessity of programming of all views of recreation. The data
that are presented here relate to the usage of tourist facilities and to the manner
of spending the vacation.
…7. How much time have you been to
The nearby beach, resort etc.
0
27,11
1
08,50
2
6,44
3
9,83
4
5,25
5
17,79
Few times
17,79
%
Far away resort
0
1
2
3
4
5
Few times
31,69
23,80
15,71
8,47
2,20
8,47
17,79
8. Where did you spend the last vacation?
At home
25,42
At relatives
11,01
At sea
17,79
In the mountain
5,93
On the lake
1,69
The combination of different places
31,88
Something else
5,59
No answer
0,69
11. Do you accept using an affordable accommodation during the holyday
(bungalow, trailer, camp?)
No
13,22
Maybe
4,40
Yes
81,71
No answer
0,67
12. Is it necessary for a tourist object to have the possibility for recreation and fun
during your vacation?
Yes
99,84
No
00,16
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The data that were used are from several research studies so the direct
comparison cannot be done. However the data that is retrieved this way enable
the analysis and the forming of opinion on several questions.
General conclusion that is imposed shows that the basic characteristics that
influence the attitudes and the behavior of tourists are reflected by program and
the participation in the tourist recreational activities.
Recreation has become an important factor i.e. the base of a tourist offer and a
human urge. Mitic in his work for international scientific congress in Rovinj
(1990.) says that the young researchers of Belgrade realized for the needs of SIZ
(Youth tourism of Belgrade) the research about the needs of young workers as a
part of the program TOURISM AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION on their
scientific trip “Following the Tito`s way 88”. Various authors in the area of
tourism (1), economy (3), sociology (2), the sociology of tourism (6),
psychology (4), and physical education (5) try to define the recreational tourism
i.e. the sport and recreation as a phenomena of the 20th century (Relac – 5,
Karanfilovski – 3).
On that occasion we found out how much are the young workers from Belgrade
involved in certain forms of tourist recreation. In the survey participated 816
young workers from Belgrade (up to 30 years old) who work in factories
SPORT, Motor Industry DMB, tire factory REKORD, IMT-New Belgrade,
Industry of machine tools ILR, SOUR MINEL.
Among other things the results of the survey convey that young workers think
that tourist objects should have the conditions for recreational activities (74391,05 %), and 5,88% is not for that option. During the summer vacation the
young workers are interested for the following activities:
Sport games
Running
Swimming
Biking
Rowing
Sailing
Table tennis
Tennis
Sun tanning
Other activities
282
180
464
144
103
70
123
141
319
58
-
34,56 %
22,06 %
56,86 %
17,65 %
12,62 %
8,58 %
15,07 %
17,28 %
39, 09 %
7,11 %
During the summer vacation the young workers practice:
Because they have the habit of doing so
They are in the need of play and movement
They do so because of a friend`s persuasion
It benefits health
No response
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211
89
304
67
-
21,45 %
25,86 %
10,91 %
37,25 %
37- 4,53 %
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Elements that is important when choosing the place for a summer vacation:
Always
Sometimes
Never
Shop diversity
209- 25,61 %
288- 35,29 %
176- 21,57%
Beach hygiene
305- 37, 38 %
263- 32,23 %
105- 12,87 %
The possibility of an organized trip
213- 26,10 %
272- 33,33 %
183- 22,43 %
The possibility of sport activity
276- 33,82 %
284- 34,80 %
112- 13, 73%
“Room” distance from beach
288- 35,29 %
Party time possibility
348-42,65 %
Economic prices
458- 56,13 %
Payment in rates
395- 48,41 %
241- 29,53 %
226- 27,70 %
155- 19,00 %
189- 23, 16 %
145- 17,77 %
93- 11,40 %
54- 6,62 %
69- 8,46 %
The results of this research show the importance of the tourist program, and in
his final chapters Mitić reflects on bad social policy and no systematic
organization of the workers.
Sport and tourism (Relac, 1990. p.180) are the two biggest social happenings of
today. Its mutual connectivity is more and more evident. The use of recreational
services in tourist objects was monitored in 1967. and 1968 in the institute for
kinesiology of the Faculty of physical education in Zagreb
It was concluded:
 That tourists prefer active to passive vacation and that recreational content
is significant fact when choosing the place for holyday (30% of the guests
of the ``Blue Lagoon`` that took the survey have stated that they chose the
place because of the recreational facilities);
 Tourists are of the opinion that each place or hotel should provide the
services of sport leisure
 The profit of recreational services is 30%, so the investments in sports
recreational facilities can be paid off in 8 to 10 years.
The importance of recreational content was researched in 40 tourist centers in
Mediterranean in 1987. in the Faculty of physical education in Zagreb. The
given results imply the high efficiency of entrepreneurship of tourist
destinations with well conceived and highly trained personnel who provide
recreational services. Efficiency is shown by directly monitoring the effects as
well as indirectly as selling the capacities more easily.
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These research studies indicate the necessity of investment of recreational
objects but they are also the cursor of defining the new profession. All of this
shows that tourist institutions pay a lot of attention on perfecting the vacation of
its guests. The forms of modern animation are formed by training people and by
including other programs.
In his work for the international science congress in Rovinj, 1990, (p.. 247)
Čavlek reflects on the beginning of animation in the 1980 in former Yugoslavia.
The analysis of the survey conducted in 1987 among the guests of the
Bemextours organization from Great Britain (Phoenix Holidays) show that one
of the objections on the vacation spent in Yugoslavia is the lack of cultural and
recreational program. On the other hand, the same survey shows that the
satisfaction of the guests with the entertainment program in holiday clubs was
considerably high. Over 70 % of the guests said that they would spend their
vacation again in some of the Bemextours holiday clubs. Bemextours was the
first one who opened the club of that kind in 1983. in Solaris near Šibenik. The
tourists` interest for spending the vacation on that way had so rapidly increased
that by the 1988. Bemextours founded 7 more clubs of such kind in Ankaran,
Umag, Funtan, Zadar, Kastel Star, Tučep and Dubrovnik. In 1989. Bemextours
opens 4 more clubs in Valovine, Punta Skali, Vodice and Bečići. Only in
Yugoslavia there was 171 000 tourists and the income was 70 million dollars.
The animation was present till the 80-ies and had the tendency of growth.
Based on sociological research we found out that from 1975. until present in
Flandria there was a significant increase in the level of activity of sports
(measured in hours-months) that have an important connection with nature
(sailing on board, sailing, walking, hiking etc.)
The most frequent sports activities at this moment in Flandria are walking
(59,6%) and swimming (42,2%) therefore those activities which a man can
practice solely or with his family states Clayes, U. (De knop. 1990. p. 186.).
Also the sport that made the biggest increase is biking. Nowadays people have
the tendency to spend their free time actively, practicing sport in nature. It
affected the sport in the terms of tourism. The most popular sports activities on
(club) vacation are: swimming, tennis, sailing and board sailing (De knop. 1990.
p. 186). Among the popular sports activities of all kinds of vacation ,except
those already mentioned in clubs, are: walking, biking and skiing. That’s why
68% of German tourists want to have the chance of swimming, 56% want to
have well marked paths for walking while 29% want suitable parks where there
are organized games like mini golf and tennis as EMNID reports it ( De knop.
1990. p. 186).
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THE ANALYSIS OF TOURIST TRAVELS IN 1986.
The total sum of tourists
N = 3437
27,6 billion of tourists on summer vacation
1985
1
2
Swimming
Walking in nature
The games with a ball and other sports
That involve moving
Biking
Jogging
Table tennis
Tennis
Gymnastics
Rowing
Hiking
Motor boat ride
Board sailing
Diving
Sailing
Bowling
Alpine skiing
Fishing
Horse-riding
Nordic skiing
The rest
No sport activity

1986
3
67,5
51,7
63,6
45,2
18,1
10,7
7,8
7,8
5,5
6,8
6,0
6,4
4,9
4,6
4,8
4,1
3,2
2,5
1,5
8,1
16,5
11,6
8,6
8,1
6,6
6,1
5,6
4,9
4,9
4,7
4,0
3,6
3,2
2,5
2,7
2,0
1,6
2,5
15,3
in 1986 it was included for the first time in analysis
The source: the analysis of the tourist travel in 1986. of the department of
tourist research
The data was collected by GFK – the research of the market
This study revealed two elements that are very important for the content of sport
activities during the sports vacation. That is why the organizer of the sports
recreation will have to deal with two supposedly conflicting values, i.e.:
Firstly: satisfaction, fun, social contacts, relaxation, and the feeling of freedom
(recreation),
Secondly: serious learning, and technique training.
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Considering the fact that the average sports tourist has very little interest in
competition, therefore the attention is on the games and on such aspects of
sports activities and not on the achieved results (De Knop. 1990. p..186.).
The choice of a tourist destination is more and more based on the possibility to
practice a sport (sailing, the existence of walking paths, tennis, skiing...)
Bartoluci and Andrijasević in the publication of the group of authors in Opatija
(1998 p.165) give a list of recreational services:
 the rent of different sport objects (tennis, golf, sport halls, pools etc.)
 the use of sport objects and equipment (diving equipment, sailing, fitness
equipment etc.)
 the courses for acquiring various sport skills (skiing, tennis, golf, horseriding, water sports)
 preparing the athletes in various sports
 tournaments and various competition
 big sport events (Mediterranean games, Universiade, European and world
competitions etc).
 Recreational attractions (water slides etc.)
Out of these facts we may extract the first two and the last one directly relate to
the programs of animation in hotels but it is arguable to determine the profit
since some of these facts are included in the offer of the hotel. Surely we don`t
argue the economic gain of it.
5. The research “Animator’s profile in tourism”
To understand animator’s profile in tourism we did additional research at the
area of Mediterranean at the sample animators of recreation.
5.1. The subject, goal and tasks of research
The subject of the research is the animator who has to be up to date with the
latest sports and social events, music trends. Animator has to put in use the
current technology and therefore participate in the creation of program while
giving his own creative mark. The goal of the research is to establish the
educational profile and to enable the animator to do daily and evening
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programs. It also examines the connection between the animator`s capability
and the program that is run in the hotels.
The primary task of the research is to define the educational profile as well as
the specific education and the knowledge of the animator by which the program
of the recreational activities in the hotels is realized.
The tasks of the research:
1. To determine socio-demographic characteristics of the animator (gender
and age).
2. To determine the manner of how animators realize the activities.
3. To analyze daily programs of animation in the hotels.
4. To analyze evening programs of animation in the hotels.
5. To analyze the importance of the communication between the animator and
the co-workers and the guests of the hotels.
6. To analyze the communication of the guests and the staff that is responsible
for the realization of the program.
5.2 The methodology of the research
This research as a basic method will be using empirical, non-experimental
method or the so-called "survey" method. On the choice for this method
significantly influenced the type of the sample that was chosen accordingly to
the subject of the research. The use of the "survey" method in a scientific
research demands the choice of a representative sample by which the possibility
for the generalization of the results is achieved.
This method examines the profile of the animator in relation to the program
content. The examination was done transversally, i.e. the population of the
animators was examined in a tourist season in present day which represents the
core of the "survey" method. The "survey" method is also suitable for
conducting research in natural environment.
As an add-on to basic analysis, the method of theory analysis will be used. This
method analyses the results of the recent studies on tourist animators. With the
help of the method of comparation it will be established what is mutual and
what is different in those research studies and based on that, with the use of
logical process of abstraction and generalization, the theory frame to our
empirical research will be made. At the same time that kind of theory frame will
be useful for classification and the understanding of the results. The reason for
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choosing this method is the fact that in a way it includes the historical method
that will ensure that the goals and the tasks of this research are efficiently
realized.
The technique that was also used is the technique of survey and scale and a
statistical technique of editing the results of the research.
The research took place during the summer seasons. The questioners were given
to the animators to pass it to the hotels. The questioner was consisted of 10
questions in English. In each question there was an offered answer that was
provided by the author. The author was guided by the fact that the English
language is the basic in the world of animation. Next to 10 questions there were
also questions that relate to basic information.
The samples of the surveyors in this research were the adults of both genders
who actively are involved in animation. The whole sample of the survey
respondents was 75. 40 of them were females and 35 were men. All survey
respondents were the persons that worked as animators during the summer
season. The survey respondents were the people who come from different social
environments. It was not necessary to leave full name in the questioner. The
goal was to represent yourself and the job as objectively as possible.
The variables that are important for the research are the quantities variables
(considering that the results were presented in descriptive categories) and of
predictive character:
 Variables in the area of personal info that relate to the gender of the survey
respondents.
 Variables in the area of professional info that relate to the education of
animators.
 Variables in the area of daily recreational activities.
 Variables in the area of evening program.
 Variables in the area of communication.
 Variables in the area of the program announcement.
The data that were retrieved in this way were edited with standard method of
descriptive statistic. The results were edited with the statistical program SPSS
12.0 adapted for the use on personal computers. In this way different statistical
values were produced. This was put in several charts and the results were dealt
with as separate questions.
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6. THE RESULTS WITH THE ANALYSYS OF THE RESEARCH
From the area of personal info, the chart 1 illustrates the answers of the survey
respondents to the question of age.
Chart 1. The age of the survey respondents
Age
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
33
34
35
36
Total
Don`t count
Total
Frequency
1
3
3
6
6
14
11
8
4
7
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
74
1
75
Percentage
1,3%
4%
4%
8%
8%
18,7%
14,7%
10,7%
5,3%
9,3%
1,3%
4%
2,7%
1,3%
1,3%
1,3%
1,3%
1,3%
98,7%
1,3%
100%
The chart 1a the basic statistics
N Range Minimum Maximum
age 74
18
18
36
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Sum
1816
74
Mean
24.54
Std. Deviation
3.65
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74 out of 75 surveyors had responded to the question on age. All of the survey
respondents belong to the group 18 to 36 years of age.
The results from the chart 1 and 1a show that the most surveyors who do
animation are 23 to 27 years old (chart 1.) i.e. the average age is 24.5 years
(chart 1a.).
Considering these facts we may conclude that the job of animation is practiced
by people under the age of 35.
Graph 1. The age of the survey respondents
Chart 2. The gender of the survey respondents
Gender
male
female
total
Frequency
35
40
75
Percentage
46,7%
53,3%
100,0
Graph 2. The gender of the survey respondents
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Out of the 75 survey respondents, 35 of them are males or 46,7% and 40 are
females or 53,3%.This tells us that in the world of animation there is an equal
number of male and female animators. This is nicely shown in the graph 2.
Chart 2b. The statistics
Age
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Std. Deviation
male
16.00
19.00
35.00
25.24
3.44
female
18.00
18.00
36.00
23.95
3.77
Based on the results we can say that the average age of the male animators is
higher than the female one. This proves that the animation do people who are
under the age of 35 and both genders equally.
This is the result to the question on education for the job as an animator:
Chart 3. The education for animators
No education
Home course
Agency course
Hotel course
College or Faculty
Frequency
5
34
17
10
16
Percentage
6,7%
45,3%
22,7%
13,3%
21,3%
Ranked education
5
1
2
4
3
Home course attended 34 survey respondents or 45.3% out of the total number
of survey respondents. 16 of them were females or 40% and 18 were males or
51,4%. It is on first place of the education chart (third column of the chart 3).
The agency for animation as a means of training attended 17 survey respondents
or 22,7 % of total number. 7 of them are men and 10 are females.
The college or the department of animation finished 16 survey respondents or
21,3% ( 7 men and 9 women). This type of education is on 3rd place on the
chart.
The hotel’s course finished 10 survey respondents or 13,3 % (6 men and 4
women).
The survey respondents that had no education of animation were 5 or ,7 % (1
man and 4 women).
When we speak of education for the job of animators the most of the survey
respondents have attended the courses that take place at home 45% (chart 3).
The reason for this is simple because it is always more practical and cheaper
solution, but likewise considerable number of animators seek that kind of
education at universities (21,3%) or at agencies that offer that kind of job (22,7).
The agency already suggests some of the options, the possibility to work for the
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agency. 13,3% attended the course at the hotel. The smaller number is because
of the fact that they have already been to the hotel and that they liked this job.
Graph 3 depicts the real state of affairs and gives a visual view.
These are the results to the question on the skills of handling the daily activities.
Chart 4. The skills and the knowledge on certain programs of animation
activities
bad
satisfactory
good
very good
Freq / perc Freq / perc Freq / perc Freq / perc
Aerobic
20 26,7% 13 17,3% 18
24% 16 21,3%
Water aerobic (aquabic) 16 21,3% 8 10,7% 15
20% 21
28%
Taebo
29 38,7% 14 18,7% 14 18,7% 12
16%
Latino aerobic
33
44% 15
20% 10 13,3% 10 13,3%
Step aerobic
23 30,7% 17 22,7% 17 22,7% 10 13,3%
Dance aerobic
27
36% 18
24% 10 13,3% 12
16%
Fitness program
20 26,7% 4
5,3% 13 17,3% 16 21,3%
Personal training
23 30,7% 8 10,7% 15
20% 17 22,7%
Bodyline
30
40% 8 10,7% 14 18,7% 15
20%
Pilates
29 38,7% 8 10,7% 15
20% 11 14,7%
Body building
27
36% 5
6,7% 13 17,3% 19 25,3%
Massage
25 33,3% 10 13,3% 20 26,7% 12
16%
Latin dance
28 37,3% 12
16% 15
20% 10 13,3%
Traditional dance
22 29,3% 15
20% 18
24% 13 17,3%
Classical dance(ballet) 27
36% 18
24% 14 18,7% 14 18,7%
Singing
20 26,7% 18
24% 21
28% 11 14,7%
Show dance
14 18,7% 12
16% 22 29,3% 18
24%
Instrument playing
37 49,3% 7
9,3% 15
20% 11 14,7%
DJ equipment
16 21,3% 14 18,7% 19 25,3% 16 21,3%
Drama
15
20% 4
5,3% 24
32% 25 33,3%
Choreography
17 22,7% 11 14,7% 18
24% 19 25,3%
Decoration
12
16% 14 18,7% 22 29,3% 15 20%
Make-up
20 26,7% 7
9,3% 23 30,7% 16 21,3%
Costumography
26 34,7% 14 18,7% 19 25,3% 9
12%
Costume design
31 41,3% 15
20% 12
16% 10 13,3%
Magician tricks
47 62,7% 18
24% 5
6,7% 3
4%
Fire show
54
72% 11 14,7% 5
6,7% 2
2,7%
excellent
Freq / perc
8 10,7%
15
20%
6
8%
7
9,3%
8 10,7%
8 10,7%
22 29,3%
12
16%
8 10,7%
12
16%
11 14,7%
8 10,7%
10 13,3%
7
9,3%
2
2,7%
5
6,7%
9
12%
5
6,7%
10 13,3%
7
9,3%
10 13,3%
12
16%
9
12%
7
9,3%
7
9,3%
2
2,7%
3
4%
The columns marked with red are the ones that are considered to be the best
when handling certain activities. In some cases we use the total sum of these
results to get clearer picture and analysis.
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Graph 3. The education of the survey respondents
Chart 5. Ranked programs of knowledge and skill in particular activities
Activity
Fitness program
Aqua aerobic
Drama
Decor
Show dance
Choreography
Dj equipment
Make-up
Personal training
Bodybuilding
Hl ,low aerobic
Pilates
Massage
Folklore
Singing
Step aerobic
Bodyline
Latino dance
Costumography
Dance aerobic
Tae-bo
Costume design
Dance
Latino aerobic
All musical instr.
Magician tricks
Show with fire
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3,21
3,15
3,07
3,01
2,95
2,92
2,87
2,83
2,83
2,76
2,72
2,59
2,57
2,57
2,51
2,51
2,51
2,49
2,43
2,41
2,36
2,29
2,28
2,24
2,20
1,60
1,52
Rang
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
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The activities marked with red are the recreational ones.
In their book Stojiljković and associates, (2005, p. 69.) depict aerobic in detail,
according to music, population, requisites, duration of activities. In our research
we used some of these types of aerobic that were adapted to tourist conditions.
This kind of aerobic is adapted to tourists and it lasts 30 min. It is a part of
recreational aerobic. It can be of high intensity (HI) and of low intensity
(LOW). The animators that apply for the job in most cases expect to do some
model of this activity that is shown in results. This activity is on position 11th
on the chart 5. Over 50 % of animators said that they handle this activity very
good (chart 4.).
Aqua aerobic (aquabic) is a very attractive and challenging sport (picture 6) and
that is why there is a big interest among animators for this activity. 20% of
animators said that they can handle this activity well, 28% said very well and
20% said they handle this activity excellently. These data positioned this
activity on a high second place (chart 4.).
6.Aqua aerobic in the hotel Portes Palace, Halkidiki
The activities like taebo, Latino aerobic, step aerobics and dance aerobic are
familiar to the animators that have some practical education in this area and
there is not so much of those who have considerable knowledge in this area.
The results show that 38,7% of animators said that they handle taebo badly and
this puts this activity on the bottom of our scale on 21st place. 44% of animators
said that they handle Latino-aerobic badly. Latino aerobic is done by animators
who already have experience in Latin style of dancing. However, not all
animators are fond of this activity and it is on 24th place on our chart. Step
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aerobics is more popular and it is on 16th place. This kind of aerobic is worldwide
popular and it is one of the reason that animators are familiar with it. This activity
does not match the one explained in the book written by Stojiljković and associates
(2005, p. 79).
Dance aerobic is at the bottom of the chart on 20th place. The animators who are
familiar to some style of dancing do this activity very well. This activity is very
attractive, dynamic and joyful and no one is left indifferent.
Most hotels have fitness rooms as it is one of the conditions in the race for clients.
The preparation for the job of animator is based on the fitness program, so there are
lots of those, men and women, who have skills in this area.
17,3% of animators said that they do the fitness activity well, 21,3% said very well
while 29,3% said they do it excellently.
This tells us that this activity is on first place of our chart 5.
Personal training, Pilates and body-building are activities done by people who are
professionally trained and adequately dressed for the job at fitness centers or at
home. The possibility to make a guest happy in a direct contact is a motive for
animators to be trained in this area and this is why they place this activity very high.
Pilates is a global phenomenon present worldwide so the tourist destination should
have it in the offer. Animators motivate themselves to learn this view of exercise.
The possibility to do Pilates in places that are not so typical, like near the pool, on a
field (picture 7) or near the sea is an extra motive for the animators. The results of
the research show that about 50% (chart 4) can do this activity and that is why it is
on 12th place of the chart.
7. Pilates in the hotel „Ionian princess” Corfu
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Massage is always an attractive activity regardless whether it is a traditional,
Californian, Shiatcu, Chinese, Thailandan or Kembiki. As Milinković reports (
2003, p.15.) the goal is to have a good result i.e. to reduce the amount of fat in
the body, to eliminate the stress, to enhance the muscles etc. 33% do massage
badly, 13,3% do it efficiently, 26,7% said they do it well, 16% said very well
and 10,7% said they are excellent masseurs. It is on 13th place in the activity
chart. Based on these results we see that 8 animators are excellently trained,
while other fall in the category of the ones who know to do massage to the
clients while for example they are on the beach.
Latino dance is pretty and attractive art form. However, if there are no clients in
the hotel who are suitable for this activity it is useless. The results show that
animators possess certain knowledge of this activity as they put it on 18th place.
Traditional dance or folklore has its historical feature. It is very popular in the
countries of Mediterranean. In most hotels there is a whole night dedicated to
this dance. Still, there are not so many animators who know how to dance this
style. Most animators learn certain choreographies in the beginning of the
season. 24% said that they know this dance well, 17,3% said very well while
9,3% said they are excellent dancers of traditional dance.
There is not so many connoisseurs of the classical dance and mostly these
people are required in the hotels where older people stay. 36% handle this
activity badly and it is on 26th place.
8. Show dance “Holidays in Evia” Evia
Singing in a combination with playing an
instrument is a jackpot as an activity for
the hotels that do not have large number
of guests. These skills enable a one man
show. Singing divides the animators and
they put it on 15th place. Playing an
instrument is not well received also and
49,3% does not play any instrument and
this activity is on 25th place of the skills
and knowledge chart.
On the other hand, show dance is an
activity for big hotels. Young animators
are always attracted to it. It is widely
present in hotels as means of animation. It
can be presented in the evening hours
(picture 8) but also during the day for
example ``the village dance`` - a dance
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that is sometimes authentic for some destination. Show dance skills are on 5th
place of the chart.
Handling DJ equipment is not so difficult task nowadays because of the
technological progress. Modern software enables the beginners to mix songs
seamlessly. The animators are well informed on the DJ equipment. 25,3% of
animators said they are familiar with this, 21,3% said they are very familiar
with this and 10 animators or 13,3% said they are very good DJ`s. This activity
is on place 7th of the chart
Acting is always connected with the stage and the stage is always present in
animation. Even 32% of animators said they are familiar with acting, 33,3%
said they are very good actors, 9,3% said they are excellent actors. This activity
is on 3rd place of the chart. Choreography is a specific activity that is mostly
connected with a female population. It is on 6th place. Decoration and make-up
are in the top ten of the chart.
Costumes are important, especially when they are excellently made as in picture
9., but it is not necessary to have it so the show is held. It is in the bottom of the
chart on 19th place.
9. Specially designed costumes for the show “Cinderella”
41,3% of animators said they do not possess the skill of design and this activity
is on 22nd place. On the other hand 9,3% handle design very well.
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Magician show and fire show are the activities that fall in the group of
spectacles. The results show that 62,7% do the magician tricks badly and this is
why it is on 26th place.
72% do not know to work with fire. This activity is popular in some African
countries but here is on the last place in the chart.
Grapf 4. The skills for handling an activity
There is a difference in skills and knowledge between male and female
animators. This is presented in the graph 4. (male animators are marked with a
green line and the female animators with a red line). As we see there is a big
difference in activities like step and dance aerobic as female animators have
higher average value while personal training and bodybuilding is dominated by
men animators. DJ skills are reserved for male animators while the average
value is higher for females in using make-up.
If we look at the results of handling daily and night activities we get different
responses. All animators mostly possess the knowledge of aerobics, aquabic,
acting, decoration, show dance, DJ skills etc. They usually come out of this
environment so that is the reason why they rank these abilities high. Still we
should point out that these skills are the ones that make the animator complete
and make him an all round animator. It is not necessary to have all these
abilities to be an animator. Animator can specialize in one area and to have an
insight in other areas. Over 50 % of the survey respondents (chart 4) have good,
very good and excellent knowledge of fitness, personal training, aquabic,
aerobic, Pilates, bodybuilding, massage etc. This is one more fact that tells us
about the preparation of the animators.
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In the analysis of the results of the chart 6 we were guided by the fact that the
three columns marked with red are the most popular results of daily activities of
animators. In further discussion somewhere is given the sum of those columns.
On the left side of the chart the average values of certain activities are marked
with different colors and in chart 7. we can see it right away in which part of the
chart they belong.
These are the results to the question of preferred activities in a hotel:
Chart 6. The preferred activities in a hotel
Avera
activities
ge
dislike
2,40 30 40%
Latino aerobic
3,00 19 25,3%
Hi and low aerobic
2,73 19 25,3%
Step aerobics
2,67 22 29,3%
Dance aerobic
3,75 9
Stretching
12%
3,52 16 21,3%
Easy exercise
4,25 6
Water gymnastics
8%
1,79 44 58,7%
Tai chi
2,13 37 49,3%
Taebo
3,59 14 18,7%
Bocca
3,89 6
Table tennis
8%
4,13
Darts
4
5,3%
2,68 30 40%
Archery
1,69 44 58,7%
Riding
1,85 41 54,7%
Karate
2,75 30 40%
Show dance
2,88 27 36%
Folklore
1,43 57 76%
Ballet
2,37 35 46,7%
Latino dance
3,55 19 25,3%
Aperitif game
4,29 7
Volleyball
9,3%
3,52 14 18,7%
Football
3,21 18 24%
Basketball
3,79 14 18,7%
Water polo
2,96 25 33,3%
Water basketball
3,15 19 25,3%
Tennis
2,04 43 57,3%
Golf
2,68 33 44%
Mini golf
Ivanovski
Likes
less
like
Likes
more
14 18,7%
10 13,3%
13 17,3%
8
9
15
12%
20%
adores
10,7%
17 22,7%
15
19 25,3%
11 14,7%
15
20%
11 14,7%
20%
18
24%
8
10,7%
17 22,7%
10 13,3%
7
9,3%
12
16%
13 17,3%
34 45,3%
5
6,7%
11 14,7%
10 13,3%
33
2
2,7%
5
6,7%
16 21,3%
46 61,3%
14 18,7%
8
10,7%
9,3%
2
2,7%
12
16%
10 13,3%
11 14,7%
5
6,7%
1
1,3%
13 17,3%
21
26 34,7%
3
4%
14 18,7%
22 29,3%
30
7
28%
44%
40%
1
1,3%
10 13,3%
26 34,7%
34 45,3%
5
6,7%
11 14,7%
17 22,7%
12
16%
15
20%
13 17,3%
1
1,3%
2
2,7%
15
20%
13 17,3%
1
1,3%
5
6,7%
4
5,3%
11 14,7%
15
20%
15
20%
7
9,3%
9
12%
12
16%
20 26,7%
10 13,3%
3
4%
4
5,3%
1
1,3%
12
16%
5
6,7%
12
16%
1
1,3%
7
9,3%
16 21,3%
32 42,7%
1
1,3%
6
8%
10 13,3%
51
68%
5
6,7%
14 18,7%
12
16%
30
40%
7
9,3%
17 22,7%
7
9,3%
26 34,7%
2
2,7%
9
12%
11 14,7%
39
4
5,3%
14 18,7%
13 17,3%
19 25,3%
5
6,7%
19 25,3%
10 13,3%
22 29,3%
8
10,7%
8
10,7%
10 13,3%
6
3
4%
8
10,7%
17 22,7%
14 18,7%
84
11 14,7%
Mitić
52%
8%
A N I M A T O R
Fitness
Mini club
Table games
Walking
Jogging
Swimming lesson
Yoga
Games without frontiers
Olympic day
Tournaments in
various sports
Competition for
companies 1 or 2 days
Treasure hunt
Orienteering
Excursions
3,68
3,81
3,37
3,71
3,25
3,35
2,32
3,48
3,79
3,44
I N
T O U R I S M
11
14,7%
3
4%
16
21,3%
1
1,3%
13 17,3%
20 26,7%
28 37,3%
4
14 18,7%
40 53,3%
14
18,7%
8
10,7%
11 14,7%
20 26,7%
22 29,3%
13
17,3%
3
4%
6
24
32%
29 38,7%
20
26,7%
3
4%
10 13,3%
22 29,3%
20 26,7%
20
26,7%
1
1,3%
11 14,7%
19 25,3%
24
34
45,3%
11 14,7%
13 17,3%
6
8%
11 14,7%
24
32%
0
0%
5
6,7%
8
10,7%
38 50,7%
18
24%
0
0%
5
6,7%
12
16%
40 53,3%
19
25,3%
2
2,7%
7
9,3%
21
28%
26 34,7%
30
40%
8
10,7%
13 17,3%
11 14,7%
13 17,3%
23
30,7%
12
16%
11 14,7%
12
16%
17 22,7%
28
37,3%
12
16%
12
16%
12
16%
11 14,7%
19
25,3%
5
6,7%
4
5,3%
19 25,3%
28 37,3%
5,3%
8%
32%
2,59
2,84
2,55
3,43
Chart 7. ranked preferred activities in a hotel
Activities
Volleyball
Water gymnastics
Darts
table tennis
Mini club
Water polo
Olympic day
Stretching
Walking
Fitness
Bocca(Patangue)
Aperitif games
Exercise
Football
Games without frontiers
Sports tournaments
Excursions
Games on table
Swimming class
Ivanovski
Average value
4,29
4,25
4,13
3,89
3,81
3,79
3,75
3,75
3,71
3,68
3,59
3,55
3,52
3,52
3,48
3,44
3,43
3,37
3,35
85
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Mitić
A N I M A T O R
Jogging
Basketball
Tennis
Hi and low aerobic
Basketball in water
Folklore
Treasure hunt
Show dance
Step aerobic
Archery
Mini golf
Dance aerobic
1ili 2 days of company competition
Orienteering
Latino aerobic
Latino dance
Yoga
Tae bo
Golf
Karate
Tai chi
Horse riding
Ballet
I N
T O U R I S M
3,25
3,21
3,15
3,00
2,96
2,88
2,84
2,75
2,73
2,68
2,68
2,67
2,59
2,55
2,40
2,37
2,32
2,13
2,04
1,85
1,79
1,69
1,43
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Latino aerobic and dance aerobic are in the third (red) column of ranked
activities. This shows that these activities are not the preferred ones. Even 40%
of animators said that they do not prefer activities like Latino aerobic. These
activities, although attractive and popular in urban environments, are on 34th
(Latino) and 31st (dance) place (chart 7). Hi and low aerobic and step aerobics
are ranked on the second (green) column of preferred activities on 23rd and
28th place. These data show that the ones who prepare for the job as animators
have some basic knowledge of aerobic. 62,7% of animators like aerobic (chart 6
hi and low aerobic marked with red).
Stretching and easy exercise are ranked pretty high. It is very popular among the
animators. It belongs to the first column of the preferred activities (chart 7). The
animators can be very creative during these activities as they can work (picture
10) in any environment (on the beach, terrace, grass, on the stage in the sunset
etc.). The guests like this activity very much. When they are on vacation they
feel that the fast tempo wouldn’t fit the slow pace of relaxation especially if
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they are older. The stretching adore 45,3% of animators, 17,3% like it a lot and
16% just prefer this activity and this puts it on the 8th place.
Easy exercise is a preferred activity of 14,7% of animators, 13,3% like it a lot
and 33 survey respondents or 44% adore this activity.
10. Easy exercise on grass in the shades of the hotel “Portes palace“ in Halkidiki
11. Water gymnastics at sea (aquabic)
Water gymnastics is one of the most attractive activities especially when it is
done in the sea (picture 11). The hotels that have pools organize this activity in
the pools. The guests have few possibilities to try this activity at home. On the
other hand the animators are there to entertain. There are two ways of inviting
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the guests to join the activity. One is done in a quiet manner and the other is
loudly with a whistle. In a lot of hotels there is a big interest for this activity. It
is a challenge for the guests and for the animators. The results go to our benefit.
Even 61,3% adore this activity 21,3% like it a lot and 6,7% just like it. This puts
this activity on the top of the preferred activities, on the second place.
Tai chi is not very popular among the animators or among the clients. The
reason for this is probably because it is not favored in Mediterranean countries.
Tai chi is not preferred by 58,7% of animators and 18,7% prefer it less. This
puts it on the 40th place of our research.
A similar result has taebo. 49,3% animators do not prefer this activity and 16%
prefer it less.
Bowling, darts and table tennis are the activities that are on the top of the chart
of the preferred activities.
Mostly French people have some knowledge on bowling but also everyone else
can participate as it is easy to learn it and special equipment is not necessary.
The game is very dynamic and that is why the animators are pretty fond of the
game that takes 11th place on the chart 7.
Table tennis is on the 4th place of the chart of preferred activities and even 88%
of animators like this activity. Table tennis is very easy to set up. Everybody
loves to play it. It provides the opportunity to frequently organize tournaments.
12. Darts in the hotel “Oasis“on Corfu
Darts is a lot of fun. It is easy to set up and can be played in any condition and
place (picture 12). The animator has several possibilities to set the rules. It is not
necessary to have strict rules like in international competition. In these
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conditions the most important thing is the fun. 45,3% adore this activity, 34,7%
is very fond of it and 13,3% prefer it to something other. This puts darts on the
3rd place on the chart.
13. Archery, hotel „Ionian
Princess“, Corfu
Archery is the activity that
requires
specific
environment. It is necessary
to secure a special place.
The targets are static and it
is not possible to move it
during the day. The
animators take care of the
security of the guests
during the game (picture
13). This activity is on 29th
place.
14. Traditional
dance-folklore, hotel
„Holidays in Evia“
Due to its originality
folklore is very
interesting
to
animators and to
guests.
Most
animators learn the
dance when they
come in a certain
hotel
in
the
beginning of the
season and then they
teach the guests. As
it is not an easy task
to learn a traditional dance of some country the interest of the animators for this
is divided. Folklore is on the 25th place.
Horse-riding and karate are not very popular activities among the animators.
58,7% like it less and 20% dislike it which puts this activity on 41st place.
Karate dislike 70% of animators and it is on 39th place. Show dance is in the
second zone on 27th place.
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Ballet is not very popular among the animators. Even 76% dislike it and 13,3%
like it less which puts ballet on the last place of preferred activities. Latino
dance is positioned in the third zone on 35th place.
Aperitif games hold a strategic place in animation. A lot of animators like
aperitif games because they provide good fun because of its dynamics (picture
15). Aperitif games, as the name suggests, take place before the lunch. The
winners of the games get an aperitif as a prize and that is how the game got its
name. In our research a lot of animators said that they like aperitif games.
It is on the 12th place in the chart and about 70% of animators like it.
15. Aperitif games in hotel „Portes Palace“, Halkidiki
Volleyball, by far, is on the first place among the animator. This activity enables
good communication between the animator and the guests and it is widely used
in hotels throughout the Mediterranean. It should be pointed out that this is a
recreational volleyball without strict rules where guests communicate, socialize
and feel relaxed when they play it. That is the reason why animators just adore
this as an activity (picture 16). 90% of animators like this activity (chart 6).
Football and basketball are not as popular as volleyball is. Football is on 14th
place and basketball is on 21st place.
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16. Volleyball in “Holidays in Evia” Greece
17. Waterpolo
Water polo is very
popular
among
the
animators. It is on the 6th
place on the chart. It is
played in modified pools
(picture 17) and there are
no strict rules. The main
thing is to participate and
have fun. 12% like this
activity, 14,7 % like this
activity a lot while 52%
of animators adore it.
Tendency
for
water
basketball differ among
the animators. Although it
very attractive, it is not
simple for realization. The
basketball
rims
are
installed separately which
is evident from the picture
17. As a preferred activity
of the animators it is on
24th place in the chart 6,
marked with green.
18. Water basketball
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Tennis is somewhere in the middle, 22nd place of the preferred activities of the
animators.
Golf is a very demanding activity. 57.3 % of animators do not like golf and 10.7
% prefer it less which puts this activity on 38th place i.e. it is in the last zone.
The most of Mediterranean hotels have mini golf. The rules are easy to follow
and there are always candidates to play it. On our list it is somewhere in the
middle.
Fitness is connected with the gym but also in the open. Every hotel has a gym.
Large number of surveyors prefer to work in gym or in the open, which is what
our results show. Even 37.3 % adore this activity, 26,7 % like it a lot while 17,3
% just like it which puts this activity on 10th place of the preferred activities.
Working with children is always an inspiration. The first thought of animators
when the subject of animation is brought up is working with kids. That is why a
large number of animators prefer mini club (picture 19) where they work with
children. The activity mini club is on the 5th place of preferred activities, or
53.3 % of the ones who adore this activity, 18.7 % prefer it a lot and 5.3 % just
prefer it.
19. Mini club
The games that take place on a table (monopoly...) we generally connect with
older people. This is a population that mostly come in the beginning of the
season or at the end of the season and they often play such games. However, the
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children also play these games as a part of their mini club activity. This activity
is on the 18th place of preferred activities.
The hiking is an activity that relaxes all participants. Usually is done in the
nearby forest, park or on the beach. It is practiced early in the morning or in the
late afternoon. The considerable number of animators said they prefer this
activity, even 38,7 % adore this activity and it is placed on 9th place. This tells
us that this oldest activity is still attractive.
However it is not same when jogging is considered. Some like it and some do
not. This activity is put in the second zone of our chart 7, in the middle on 20th
place.
The swimming class is mostly dedicated to the non-swimmers (picture 20),
however, there are lots of those who want to upgrade their skill or to learn some
new style. The classes are usually run by animators who are good swimmers.
More than 2/3 of animators are fond of this activity which puts it on 19th place.
20. Swimming in “Ionian Princess”Corfu
Yoga is not very popular which is shown in the chart 7. 45,3 % of animators
said that they do not prefer that activity.
Games without Frontiers and Olympic day leave everyone speechless (picture
21). The activities are very dynamic and euphoric. The guests as well as
animators enjoy in this game. Games Without Frontiers - 50,7 % adore this
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activity, 10,7 % like it a lot and 6,7% just like it. It is on the 15th place. The
Olympic day - 53,3 % adore this activity, 16 % like it a lot and 6,7 % of
animators just like it. It is located in the blue zone on 7th place.
21. Olympic day, Evia
The animators organize tournaments according to the interest of the guests. The
tournaments in various sports are on 16th place right after the games without
frontiers.
The competition for companies or as it is known, team building games, that last
a day or two serve the purpose of enhancing the communication among the
company employees. The purpose is to have fun while playing the games that
animators organize. 40 % said that they do not prefer this activity, 8 animators
or 10,7 % said that they prefer it less which places this activity on 32nd place of
preferred activities.
Treasure hunt and orienteering are done once or twice during the day. Children
often play this game. Treasure hunt is much easier to organize in a hotel
environment so that is why it is popular among the animators while orienteering
requires larger hotel.
The excursions that are offered to tourists are mainly attractive destinations that
are not accessible at home. This can be a trip by boat (picture 23), by jeep
(safari), by bus etc. Animators take care for the good vibes.
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22. Company competitions that last 1,2 or several days
23. Boat excursion, Evia
If we analyze the preferred activities during the day we see that the volleyball is
in the first place with 68% of survey respondents who adore this activity and
13.3% of the ones who prefer it a lot. The next is aquabic with 61.3% of the
ones who adore it and 21.3% prefer it a lot. Darts, table tennis and mini club are
the preferred activities but not so much adored. The activities that follow are
water polo, Olympic day and the activities that are also adored by animators are
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stretching and hiking. At the top of the preferred activities is mini club with
53.3% of the ones who adore this activity. Children are always the never-ending
source of inspiration. In the end of the ranked activities are golf, karate, tai chi,
horse-riding and ballet (these activities are intertwined with culture, customs,
needs, but also the conditions of the hotel). All of the programs that are of
recreational character are interesting to animators and they are on first place of
daily animation.
The ranked programs show the attractiveness of certain activities and in the top
are universal and commercial activities when the hotel animation is concerned.
These are the answers to the question which evening programs do you prefer:
Chart 8. the preferred evening programs
activities
Golden gate
Kermes or fair
Bet on
Sex war
Best couple el.
Rock and roll
competition
Mister election
Miss election
Dance night
Karaoke night
Sketch show
Mixed show
Folklore(trad.dan
ce)
Dance show
Cannibal show
Musical
Disney stories
Water ball
Magician show
Show dance
mean
dislike
Like it less
like
Like it a lot
adores
3,17
2,67
2,89
3,17
3,44
2,67
22 29,3%
4
5,3%
13 17,3%
11
14,7%
25 33,3%
30
8
10,7%
10 13,3%
11
14,7%
16 21,3%
26 34,7%
6
8%
12
16%
12
16%
19 25,3%
26 34,7%
3
4%
5
6,7%
14
18,7%
27
22 29,3%
3
4%
2
2,7%
16
21,3%
32 42,7%
26 34,7%
7
9,3%
18
24%
14
18,7%
10 13,3%
23 30,7%
0
0%
8
10,7%
12
16%
32 42,7%
22 29,3%
1
1,3%
4
5,3%
14
18,7%
34 45,3%
15
0
0%
11 14,7%
16
21,3%
33
3,40
3,49
3,69
3,61
3,92
3,79
3,33
3,04
2,32
3,40
3,01
1,81
2,07
2,81
40%
20%
36%
44%
16 21,3%
3
4%
7
9,3%
17
22,7%
32 42,7%
15
20%
1
1,3%
3
4%
12
16%
44 58,7%
13 17,3%
0
0%
7
9,3%
25
33,3%
30
18
24%
4
5,3%
11 14,7%
19
25,3%
23 30,7%
29 38,7%
1
1,3%
8
10,7%
12
16%
25 33,3%
38 50,7%
4
5,3%
12
16%
13
17,3%
23 30,7%
2
2,7%
6
8%
10
13,3%
34 45,3%
29 38,7%
2
2,7%
9
12%
9
12%
26 34,7%
44 58,7%
14 18,7%
7
9,3%
7
9,3%
3
4%
40 53,3%
12
16%
7
9,3%
10
13,3%
6
8%
32 42,7%
0
0%
3
4%
30
40%
8
40%
10,7%
10 13,3%
Three columns marked with red are the results of the popular evening activities
among the animators. In some cases of discussion it is given the sum of those
columns. On the left side marked with red are typical contact evening programs
and its average value.
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Chart 9. ranked evening programs
Evening programs
Sketch show
Mixed show
Dance night
Karaoke night
Miss election
Best couple election
Mister election
Musicals
Trad. dance( folklore) night
Golden gate
Sex war
Dance show
Disney evening
Bet on
Show dance night
Kermes
Rock’n’roll competition
Cannibal show
Magician show
Ball on water
mean
3,92
3,79
3,69
3,61
3,49
3,44
3,40
3,40
3,33
3,17
3,17
3,04
3,01
2,89
2,81
2,67
2,67
2,32
2,07
1,81
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
The programs that are marked with red in the chart 8 and 9 fall into the category
of typical contact programs (the programs in which the main characteristic is to
participate). In order for someone to participate in the animation activities it is
necessary to trust the animators i.e. to have a mutual communication. AIDA
rule is very important in communication with the guests. It tells us that it is
necessary to get the attention (Attention) to tell the offer that has to be
interesting (Interesting) so the desire (Desire) would appear in order to create
action (Action) for the guests to take part in the activity. The guests accept
contact program easily and they are willing to participate in it. In contrast,
evening show programs are much more demanding.
The golden gate is a dynamic contact program done in the evening hours. The
main participants are the hotel guests. They actively participate on the dance
floor to various musical styles.
Over 60% of animators said that they like this evening program (chart 8). This
puts it on 10th place in our research i.e. in the top of the chart. Music and dance
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always force us to join in and we consider that to be a great advantage of this
program.
Kermes or fair is one more contact program where the guests dominate and
where they are dominant factors of the game. At certain stations the guests
fulfill certain tasks and get credits for that. These credits serve for the purpose
of bidding for the present. The role of the animators is significant because they
control the regularity of the game. 40% of animators said that they do not prefer
this program and 10.7% prefer it less which is half in total, while the other half
like this program, which puts this program on 16th place. We believe this is
based on the preparation tasks that are required for the realization of the
program. It is necessary to prepare all stations and tasks, prepare the credits and
presents and conduct the bidding.
Similar attitudes are towards the game ``Bet on``. This is the night that incites
also the ones that do not participate in the game. The most of the guests are
willing to try the tasks that are given. The animators give the papers and
communicate with the guests.
34.7% said they do not like this program, 8% like it less, while others enjoy in
the program (table 8). The reason for this we find in preparation and poor
communication with the guests. Although it is not ranked high this program is
very amusing to the guests. The characteristics of this game are that it is
possible for a large number of guests to participate.
The war of the sexes (Sex war) is a contact evening program where men
compete in various tasks against women. About 60% of animators like this
program even though it is positioned on 11th place. In this program only certain
number of guests participates while others only watch.
24. Best couple election
The experience has
shown that quite often
the animators forget
their role and join the
gusts in cheering and
participating.
Best couple election is a
contact evening program
where couples show
their skills in doing
various tasks (picture
24). This is a quite
popular program among the animators. 42.7% of animators adore this program,
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21.3% like it a lot, 2.7% just like it, which is in total 65% of the ones who do
this program gladly. It is interesting to the audience and to the animators when
the couples are not prearranged. That is when the program gets interesting and it
is the reason why animators love it.
Rock and roll competition is evening program where rock and roll music is
used with certain tasks. The results show that animators are not very fond of this
program. Even 34,7% have responded that they do not like this program. Only
13,3% adore this kind of evening program.
Beauty contests for men and women are very popular evening contact
programs. I believe the secret of popularity is in the attractiveness of the tasks
that are given to competitors. For example, in certain segments of the game men
dress in women’s clothing (picture 25) which is always fun to watch. 42,7% of
animators adore this program, and 45,3% adore the election for miss of the
hotel. So either way over 65% of animators is very fond of this program and
they gladly do it.
In this research the animators have put these activities on the 5th and 7th place.
25. Beauty contest for women
Dance night is very popular among programs. Since the dawn of time the dance
is a tool of communication on a sophisticated art level. Every woman feels like
a lady when gentleman asks her for a dance. Even 80% of animators like this
program. The third place speaks of its popularity. The program that is also very
popular is karaoke night. Its popularity is present worldwide. It is hard to
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imagine a place for vacation without karaoke. 75% of animators like this
program which puts it on the 4th place of preferred evening programs.
Sketch show is at its peak when the
guests take part in it (picture 26). The
unpredictability of this show is its
main humorous advantage. This
program, that ranges somewhere
between show and contact program,
is the most favorite link of the
animation program. It is on the first
place of the preferred programs of
the animators (chart 9).
78,7% of animators are very fond of
this program and even 58,7% adore it
(chart 8).
26. Sketch show with a guest
27. Mix show
The recipe for the mix show is the
following: music, songs, dancing,
and you leave it to boil on a
summer temperature and serve it in
the late evening hours. The result is
that this program is on second place
(chart 9). One of the scenes of the
``mix show`` is presented in the
picture 27. which is done by a
masters of animation.
The presentation of a tradition of a
country is in most cases presented through folklore. The cameras have captured
the authentic traditional wear of the performers (picture 28). Usually the
performers are folklore troops, but animators can do it as well. The thing that
puts this program on 9th place is a possibility to learn a new dance (for example
shitake).
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28.Greek night
Dance show is program where the choreography is rehearsed through the night
or till the morning hours. This activity is on 12th place of preferred programs.
29. Cabaret show
Cannibal show is a spectacle with lots of effects, make-up, costumes on stage.
The animators are due to wear costumes but also to rehearse the show and setup the stage. The results have shown that the animators are not very fond of this
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program. Even 50,7% do not like this program (chart 8). It is on 18th place in
our research (chart 9).
The musicals have always been attractive to all generations. It is on the place
8th in our chart. Even 45,3% of animators adore this activity. Cinderella, Snow
white and seven dwarfs, Sleeping Beauty, Pinocchio and other Disney’s show
are presented to the audience with a lot of pleasure and hard work. This
program is on 13th place in our chart 9. This tells us that even though they are
spectacles they are not favored by animators.
Ball on water and The Magician show are on the last place.
In the first ten preferred programs of the evening program (chart 9) are contact
programs (marked with red). We took into consideration that sketch show and
mix show require a lot of participation of audience and that is why we grouped
them as contact programs. A lot of animators believe that the show is better if
the audience participate in it. Programs like dance night, karaoke night, beauty
contests for men and women are preferred by 60% i.e. 70% of animators. We
can conclude that the most of animators prefer typical evening programs i.e. the
programs where the contact with the audience is the main evening event. The
programs where the guests create the atmosphere are the most interesting one.
Graph 5. Preferred evening programs separately
In the graph 5th we see that the area of interest of men and women is very
similar when we talk about evening programs. Graph 5th is made based on the
average value of both. The shape of the curve is in most cases in match which
means that there is no great difference on the term of evening programs.
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Average values of the Sex war and best couple election are little off but the both
curves ascend respectively in this part of the graph.
These are the results to the question on the importance of communication in the
hotel:
Chart 10. communication
Good for
atmosphere
Of little
Satisfactory
and
Excellent
Not
importanc for the job management
and very
Communication
important
e
of animator
team
important
With the guests
0
0% 0
0% 5 6,7%
1
1,3% 69 92%
With the management 1 1,3% 0
0% 3
4%
11 14,7% 60 80%
With the reception
personnel
With the sanitary
personnel
With the kitchen
personnel
With the bar personnel
With the restaurant
personnel
0
0% 2
2,7% 11 14,7%
30
40% 32 42,7%
1
1,3% 4
5,3%
23 30,7%
22
29,3% 25 33,3%
1
1
1,3% 2
1,3% 1
2,7% 21 28%
1,3% 7 9,3%
27
26
36% 24 32%
34,7% 40 53,3%
2
2,7% 1
1,3% 9
24
12%
32% 39
52%
The tabs marked with red are the ones which suggest the responses from the
animators that are important for perceiving communication as important. Here
we grouped the results in order to get clearer picture.
Chart 11. ranked communication
Communication:
With clients
with management
With the bar personnel
With the restaurant personnel
With the reception personnel
With the kitchen personnel
With the sanitary personnel
Average value
4,85
4,72
4,37
4,29
4,23
3,95
3,88
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Communication with the clients and the guests is on the first place of the ranked
communications. Each moment when the animator is not doing certain activity
he communicates with the guests. Results show that even 92% of animators said
that the communication with the guest is of outmost importance. A good
functional hotel is can be seen through the communication among the staff. The
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importance of communicating with the management is important so quite often
the managers have to rely on the animators to solve certain situations and vice
versa. 80% of animators said that the communication with management is very
important, and it is on second place of ranked communications.
Each arrival of new guests is difficult for the reception desk. With their
presence, the animators (adequately dressed) can help the reception desk to
clear the crowd. On the other hand, it is quite often a case that the animation
team is in the need of help from the reception desk (copying various materials,
asking the whereabouts of some clients in order to inform them about some
activities etc.). 40% of animators said that communication is good for the
overall atmosphere and 42,7% said that the communication with the
management is very important.
Communication with the sanitary personnel is necessary especially if the
problem is beyond our powers and that is when this staff acts and expressively
deals with it. Still, this form of communication is on the last place of the
communication chart, but it should be noted that 33,3% of animators said that
this communication is excellent and important.
Communication with the kitchen staff holds a special place. It is based on a
mutual trust. They give the animators the necessary ingredients for certain
activities (potato, spaghetti, watermelon – for aperitif games), and on the other
hand, the kitchen is always in the need of an advertisement from the team of
animators when the quality of the food in the hotel is considered. This kind of
communication is on 6th place in the chart, and even 32% of animators believe
that the communication with the kitchen personnel is important.
Mostly all areas where the animation is done is near the bars. The results show
that the communication with the bar personnel is very important. 34,7% of
animators said that this communication is good for atmosphere and
management team and 53,3% said that the communication with bar staff is very
important. It is on 3rd place of the communication chart.
Communication with the restaurant personnel is represented in a similar way
and it is on 4th place.
The animators ranked the communication with the clients as the most important
way of communication (chart 11). Over 90% of surveyors consider it to be very
important which confirms previously set up theories that the communication is
the basis for this job (chart 10).
These are the results to the question which way do you prefer to announce the
activities you will be doing in a hotel:
Chart 12. The ways of the program announcement
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ways
T O U R I S M
Like it less
like
Weekly program on
the board
14 18,7%
0
0%
4
5,3%
Daily program on the
board
3
4%
2
2,7%
3
4%
Flyers on the welcome
meeting
19 25,3%
3
4%
Presentation on the
welcome meeting
14 18,7%
2
Daily routine
Announcement
days in advance
Don`t like it
I N
Like it a lot
adore
19 25,3%
38 50,7%
15
52 69,3%
20%
10 13,3%
10 13,3%
33
2,7%
12
16%
9
12%
38 50,7%
16%
22 29,3%
25 33,3%
8
15
20%
1
1,3%
12
20
26,7%
7
9,3%
22 29,3%
18
10,7%
2
2,7%
2
13 17,3%
44%
few
Announcement on the
microphone
8
2,7%
24%
10,7%
50 66,7%
Similarly, the chart is marked with red so good characteristics (the ones that are
important to us in this discussion) will be seen more easily.
Chart 13. ranked ways of the program announcement
Daily program on the board
Announcement on the microphone
Weekly program on the board
Presentation on the welcome meeting.
Daily routine
Flyers on the welcome meeting
Announcement few days in advance
Average value
4,48
4,27
3,89
3,73
3,55
3,47
2,83
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The weekly program on blackboard is in most cases present in hotels.
Animators like it and it is on 3th place of the chart. An imaginative way of
presenting the weekly program of animation is presented in picture 30.
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30. Weekly program on the board
31. Sandwich man
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Contrary to the weekly, daily program displayed on the board is the most
popular among the animators. Each day the activities that are available to the
tourists are written on the board. 69,3% adore this way of announcing the
activities. Flyers are not popular way of displaying the program, nevertheless
there is a good percentage of them who do it in this manner.
Presentation on the welcome meeting is one of the ways of informing the guest
about the activities which will take part in that hotel. The attitudes towards this
are different so this is in the middle of the scale.
Daily routine is a great way of communicating with a guest and although it is
not very popular among animators it is very important to have a direct contact
with the guest. Direct contact is always the best way to promote the activities
and the animation program.
Announcing the activities few days in advance is done mostly as seen in the
picture 31. Until now it is not the most popular way of informing the guests
among the animators. Contrary, announcing the activities via mic is much more
acceptable to the animators. Microphone holds a special place in the evening
activities. On that occasion the current activities are announced especially those
that are of great significance to the hotel. It is on second place of the chart 13.
The announcement of the activities is an important part of a successful
animation. If we look at the results of the research we see that most of animators
prefer the activities to be announced via board, either daily or weekly option
(chart 12). Over 80% (when the columns marked with red are added up) like the
daily alternative while 75% like the weekly one (chart 11). However the
microphone is also very popular among the animators. Presentation on the
welcome meeting is on 4th place and it leaves a good impression on the newly
arrived guests. Daily routine i.e. the way where the animators visit the guests
and inform them what is interesting on that particular day is an inevitable piece
of announcing the activities. The announcement via written material is not very
effective as the guests are not very keen to read on vacation. The last stance is
announcing the activities few days in advance which is very good in the
marketing point of view.
The model of animation that we discussed in this chapter is a little bit different
than the programs in Croatia. Evening programs of animation that we divided
are contact nights (beauty contest for men and women, we choose the best
couple, war of the sexes, and bet, kermes, golden gate, karaoke...), programs
that are watched (show performances, musicles, cabaret shows) and the shows
(spectacles – like the Disney show). Cetinski (group of authors 1998. p.225.)
divides this into three categories.
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The category of fun programs is consisted of:
1. A model of fun programs in narrow sense:
A) Entertainment DIY contact programs: beauty contests, best grimace
contest, best dance couple contest, costume ball, pajama party, beer party.
B) Programs that are bought: dance shows, music concert, folklore...
2. Fun games and other activities: best clothing creation, fast food eating, the
best funny dance couple, rope skipping, women boxing...
3. Musical programs which entail doing the activities like the beauty contest
model.
Most of the programs are similar except musicales and Disney’s fairytales.
Rope skipping and inflating the balloons are represented as separate programs
while in our case it would fall into the game war of the sexes or some other
contact evening. In our opinion, we would replace the activity the best grimace
with the best hairstyle activity and the topless show we would it leave to the
professional fashion agencies.
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7. CONCLUSION
75 survey respondents participated in the research (40 females and 35 males). All of
them were animators that were employed during the summer on the Mediterranean
coast. The main method of this research was the so-called "survey" method. The
method of theory analysis was also used to contribute to the main analysis. The data
that were contrived by this research were edited by standard methods of descriptive
statistics. It is not easy to give qualitative dimension to some pedagogic
phenomenon as they are attributive signatures.
The given results show that most of surveyors who are animators are people from
23-27 years, i.e. 21-30 years old.
75 survey respondents took part in our research out of which 35 of them are men
and 40 are women.
As there is an equal number of women and men in our research, it tells us that the
job of animation is practiced by equal number of people of both gender.
Based on these data we may confirm that the animation is done by people under 35
years and of both sexes.
The data from the area of professional information that are related to the education
of the animator we concluded that the most of survey respondents finish their
schools and courses at home (45,3%). The reason is simple – it is always more
practical and cheaper solution, but also considerable number of animators are
educated at faculties (21,3%) and at agencies that offer courses for this profile
(22,7%). 13,3% educate at the hotel in which they had already seen the animation
and decided to stay and learn in a hotel.
Results considering the skills of handling certain activities are different. All of the
animators who prepare for the job have most knowledge in the area of fitness,
aquabic, show dance, choreography, DJ skill... Most animators that come from
these schools apply for the job because they know that these are the skills that are
highly ranked. There is a difference between man and women animators in handling
daily and evening activities according to chart 3. Activities like step and dance
aerobic is favored by women while personal training and body building have higher
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value when men are considered. Difference is evident in DJ skills as it goes in
favour of men, while make-up has higher average value at women. Still, over 50%
of survey respondents know well, very well and excellent fitness, personal training,
aquabic, aerobic, Pilates, body building, massage etc. We can conclude based on
this that the animators passed through the animation training and that they possess
the knowledge for realization of recreational activities.
In the analysis of daily activities we see that volleyball is on first place with 89,3%
of the ones who prefer and adore this activity. Aquabic follows with 89,3%
(difference is that volleyball is adored by 68% and aquabic by 61%). Darts, table
tennis and mini club are the activities that are preferred but not so much adored, but
still they are on top of the chart. Water polo and Olympic day follow, while
activities that are much adored are stretching and hiking. Ranked programs show
the attractiveness of certain activities so at the top are universal and commercial
activities.
At the bottom of ranked activities are golf, karate, tai chi, horse-riding, ballet. All
sports recreational activities are interesting to animators.
The analysis of the evening programs shows that first 10th places belong to contact
evenings. Most of animators feel that the atmosphere is better if the audience
participates in creating the activities. 60% i.e. 70% of animators prefer activities
like dance night, beauty contests and the best couple. We may conclude that the
most of animators prefer typical evening programs i.e. the activities where the
contact with the audience is the main happening.
Communication is the inevitable part of animation. Communication with the clients
is the most important one. Over 90% of animators consider it to be important.
Communication with management, bar personnel, restaurant and kitchen staff,
maintenance department is also important. This confirms that every communication
is the basis for the job as an animator.
If we analyze the results of the research of announcement the activities we can see
that the most of animators prefer it when the activities are announced on the board.
Over 80% prefer the daily option of announcement and 75% prefer the weekly one.
Microphone also has its function in informing the guests about activities.
Presentation on the welcome meeting is on 4th place. Daily routine is also the
inevitable way of informing the guests about the activities. The announcement of
the activities through written material is not so efficient because of the fact that the
guests do not like to read on vacation. The announcement of the activities a couple
of days in advance has an important part of animation marketing.
In the end we see that the animators are capable of handling large number of daily
sports recreational activities, typical evening programs based on the level of general
education and based on the specific training which confirms our main hypothesis
of this research study.
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8. THE GENERAL CONCLUSION RELEVANCE OF THE RESEARCH
The general conclusion of the Monographs on the animator’s profile.
The modern man has the need to cope with job stress and monotony of daily
work through recreational activities, and the author defines the possibilities and
forms of tourist offers, which in the year 2005 records 808 million international
tourist arrivals globally, or, in other words, tourism with 6 trillion dollars
represents 8% of total global employment, as it is directly and indirectly related
to tourism.
Almost all tourist institutions largely base their offer on the basis of recreational
programs. In addition to sport fields, there are professional people who have the
duty to maximize the impression of a good and healthy holiday. Animation as
an activity has the aim to revive tourism offer with a new content and encourage
guests to participate in these events. Animation is an important part of the
tourist offer, which, through its various forms and contents attracts the attention
of tourists, encourages them to take on the activity that will contribute to the
leisure and recreation through intellectual and cultural superstructure and
contribute to the improvement of the content and quality of the tourist offer.
Based on the theoretical analysis of works from a number of current authors and
their own longstanding work in animation of recreational activities in hotels, the
authors give a detailed overview of tasks, duties and activities related to the
organization and implementation of daytime and evening activities. Based on a
detailed examination of daily duties in different conceptions of hotel
entertainment, writer emphasizes the complexity of educating the tourism
animators.
This monograph aims to contribute to the defining the profile of recreation
animators in tourism. It should be noted that the animator as a person who
conducts the activities of people on vacation, primarily engages in guiding and
organizing physical activities, as exercise process, as applied sports games or as
applied sports in the function of association and the wider context of an active
lifestyle which they have chosen when choosing their destinations.
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Managements of all tourist destinations insist that the programs of aerobics,
aquabic, swimming lessons, dance training, organization, and basic
methodology of sports games (football, basketball, volleyball, handball, sand
volleyball, sand handball..) should be done by animators who have knowledge
in this field. People on vacation require proper and accurate information
regarding all sporting activities, instruction that will instill confidence that,
behind this exercise, attitude, stroke, stands the person who was educated in the
profession, and that behind the person stands an institution such as the Faculty
of Sport and Physical Education. For precisely these reasons, I think the profile
of people who are engaged in this profession should be searched for in the field
of physical culture, and researching in this area should be facilitated in order to
contribute to the best possible formation and education of professionals for the
job.
The conducted research falls within one of the rare cases of research in the area
of sporting recreation and tourism as well, both in neighboring countries and in
our region. Research also aimed to draw attention to the needs of the described
animator profile in our country. Pioneering animator moves of employment here
surely deserve attention, and the message that it is all the more necessary to
engage professionally qualified profiles for this job.
The research is focused on the education of young animators in the field of
tourism. Tourism Law of 2005 defines a new profile of professional staff in our
tourism, called "tourist animator" and defines that Tourist Organization of
Serbia will take care of the education system and the licensing. Even after seven
years, there is not yet any proposal on the designing of training and licensing of
tourist animators in our country. The legislature has clearly accepted that further
development of tourism as an economic sector needs a new profiling expert
staff of tourist animators. Further research of the profile of recreation animators
in tourism has become an indispensable link in the chain of education and
licensing of this personnel.
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Aleksandar Ivanovski - Alex Born on 1973 in Banja Luka, where he
finished primary school. Secondary school finished
in Belgrade. In 1997, graduated from the Faculty of
Physical Education at the University of “St Cyril
and Methodius”, Skopje, The best student at the
University in 1997 and Chairman of the Student
Union for four years, as well as a member of the
National Student Union Board for two years.
Completed MA in 2010 at the Faculty of Sport and
Physical Education, University of Belgrade, Serbia, where he is doing his Ph.D.
in the field of recreation in tourism. He was foreign associate at the same
University for 10 years. Currently works as a lecturer at the College of sport and
health, Belgrade (Subjects: Sport and Tourism, recreation and animation in
tourism).
Began working in the field of animation in tourism, sports and tourism and
recreation in 1995. From 1996 to 2006, a member and team leader of big
animation teams in Greece. From 2006 to date, an associate and expert in the
field of animation on Greek Islands for various tourist agencies in the region.
Since 2003, member and leader of animation teams at international children
festivals, organized by Sport for All, Belgrade. Since 2002, member and leader
of teams for international festivals for recreation (winter and summer),
organized by Sport for All, Serbia.
Author and co-author of over 40 papers presented at scientific meetings,
congresses, as well as in nationally and internationally recognized journals. One
of the founders of the Belgrade School for Animators – BSA. Chairman of the
Center for Animation, Recreation and Team Building (ART), Belgrade.
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prof. Dr. Dušan Mitić is head of the Department of Recreation at Faculty
of Sport and Physical Education, University of
Belgrade, Serbia.
Born in 1956. in Veliko Gradiste. Elementary and
high school finished in Kraljevo, Serbia. He
graduated in 1980., MA in 1991. and Ph.D. 1996.
on Faculty of Physical Education, University of
Belgrade, where he works since 1983.
In addition to the parent, he works as a Faculty
lecturer for recreational, fitness, animation and
sports tourism on several domestic and foreign
universities.
Particularly interested in modeling incitement to physical activity, motivation,
and promotion of physical activity and healty life style. Together with the
students working on generating and testing new models to encourage and
monitor the effects of physical activity.
He is the author of Recreation handbook, several manuals for various forms of
teaching practice students in the field of recreation. Author and co-author of
over 140 papers presented at scientific meetings-congresses-journals of
international and national importance.
Through the practice of teaching students and through projects since 1983.
years. participates in the preparation and implementation of animations
recreational activities guests in Serbia, Greece, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Italy, Spain ...
Responsibile for course of Animation in tourism at Faculty of sport and
physical education University of Belgrade.
One of the founders of the Belgrade School for animators – BSA.
Organizer and administrator of several international scientific conferences.
Member of the editorial board and reviewer of several national and international
journals.
Chairman of the Expert Committee and member of the Presidium of the
Association of Sports for All Serbia
President of the Association of recreation professionals Belgrade
Presidium member of the Olympic Committee of Serbia
Corresponding member of the European Academy of Sciences in Vienna
Member of the National Education Council of Serbia
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Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naţionale a României
Ivanovski, Aleksandar
Animator in Tourism / Aleksandar Ivanovski, Dušan Mitić. - Braşov :
Editura Universităţii "Transilvania", 2012
Bibliogr.
ISBN 978-606-19-0139-5
I. Mitić, Dušan
796.075:796.5
Ivanovski
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