Supporting Information Defect Induced Charge Redistribution and Enhanced Adsorption of Lysozyme on Hydroxyapatite for Efficient Antibacterial Activity Ming Wanga, Yingchun Zhua,b,* a Key Lab of Inorganic Coating Materials CAS, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China b Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China S1 Figure S1. EDS spectra of (a) Al0.1-HA; (b) Al0.5-HA; (c) Al1-HA. (d) Content of Al incorporated in Al-HA measured by EDS Figure S2. Elements distribution of Al1-HA by EDS mapping. S2 Figure S3. (a) TEM image and (b) HRTEM image of undoped HA Figure S4. BET specific surface area of Al-HA (**p<0.05, ***p<0.001). S3 Figure S5. Comparison between lysozyme adsorption capacity and specific surface area of Al-doped HA Figure S6. Zeta-potential and dispersion stability of Al-HA. S4 Table S1. The bond length of Ca(2)-O in HA and Al-O in Al-HA. Atom Bond length (Å) Ca(2)-O Al-O O1 2.312 3.061 O2 2.314 1.861 O3 2.327 1.856 O4 2.380 1.848 O5 2.484 2.010 O6 2.490 1.893 O7 2.692 3.499 Figure S7. Antibacterial assay of Al-HA without lysozyme functionalization S5 Figure S8. Comparison among relative release level of nucleic acids, proteins and glycogen from S. aureus bacteria after incubation with lysozyme-functionalized Al-HA for 24 h. Figure S9. Structure of the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane of gram-positive bacteria and the antibacterial mechanism of lysozyme. S6 Figure S10 Morphology image of L929 cells in blank group. The scale bar is 100 μm. S7