DR. S & S.S. GHNADHY INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
SURAT
A Report On
VISIT REPORT ON ERECTION OF STEEL
STRUCTURE
Prepared as a part of the the subject
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY
Semester – 5
(CIVIL ENGINEERING)
Submitted by:
GIRAHE MAYUR SANTOSHBHAI (196120306528)
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GUIDE BY
NIKHIL RIBINWALA
Academic year
(2021- 2022)
INTRODUCTION
The erection of structural steelwork consists of the assembly of steel
components into a frame on site. The components are then lifted andplaced
into position before they are connected together.
Generally, connection is achieved through bolting but, in some cases, site
welding is used. The assembled frame needs to be aligned to within tolerance
expectations (usually defined in our Standards) beforefinal bolting up is
completed. The completed steel frame may then be handed over for further
work on internal floors, external cladding and mechanical and electrical
fitments.
DESIGN FOR CONSTRUCTION:
The successful construction (including erection) of steel structures safely,
quickly and economically starts long before the actual steelwork arrives on
site from the fabrication shop. The ‘buildability’of the structure is influenced
significantly by decisions made during the design process long before
erection commences.
It is important that designers clearly understand the impact of their decisions.
Design for construction is a valid design objective and onethat should be
considered along with the other usual design objectives in play.
Planning for erection should start at the very beginning of the designprocess.
ERECTING SINGLE
COLUMN
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All main structural columns should be anchored by a minimumof 4
anchor bolts.
Columns should be set on levelling plates, levelling nuts, shim
packs, or level finished floors for adequate transfer ofconstruction
loads. (Best option would be levelling nuts)
Any repairs, replacements, or field modifications of anchorbolts
must be performed by a competent person with the approval of a
professional engineer.
Before erecting a column, the prime contractor should notifythe
steel erector if there has been any repair, replacement, or
modification of the anchor bolts for that column.
Attach the column rigging through a bolt hole in the top of the column
in the web or a beam clip. If column rigging cannot be attached to the
column due to the shape of the column, then achoker may be used
provided that a way to prevent the chokerfrom sliding up the column is
in place.
Steel Structure
Principal rafter
Usually the largest type of rafter located at the
ends of a roof structure. Common rafter: Smaller
rafters located in between the principals at both ends.
Auxiliary rafter: Less common but can be used to
support and reinforce a principal
Principal rafter
Main tie
Main Tie usually the largest type of rafter located at the
ends of a roof structure. Common rafter: Smaller
rafters located in between the principals at both ends.
Auxiliary rafter: Less common but can be used to
support and reinforce a principal
Main Tie
Purlin :A purlin (or historically purline , purloyne , purling,
perling) is a longitudinal, horizontal, structural member
in a roof. In traditional timber framing there are three
basic types of purlin: purlin plate, principal purlin, and
common purlin.
Purlin
Short Column :When this ratio of effective length to the least lateral
dimensions of this column is less than 12, then it is
knowns a short column.
When this ratio of effective length to the least radius of
gyration is less than 45, then it is called a short
column.When the length of the column is less
as compared to its c/s dimension, it is called the Short
column.
A short column is the one whose ratio of effective length to
its least lateral dimension is less than or equal to 12. Then it
is termed as a short column.
lef / b ≤ 12
lef = effective length
b = least lateral dimension of column
INSTALLING COLUMNS IN A FRAME
Note: Frames are often referred to as bents.
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Space columns out on the ground and place beams, bracings, orframes
between columns as shown in the structural drawings tomake large
frame. Attach lower or upper beam framing between the columns as
required. Ensure that the crane capacity for the lift will not be
exceeded.
• Attach rigging to the frame. Ensure the rigging is set up to pick a
balanced, level load through the placement of the choker(s), and that the
member attached to the rigging has the capacity tosupport the total
weight of the frame being lifted. Load may be rigged off level in order
to suit its final placement angle. If this is required, use clamps or
erection lugs to prevent the chokers from slipping or shifting during the
lift.
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Steel Frame In A Colume