][ DRUG STUDY COURSE Pharmacology PRESENTED TO Mr. Ronald Jayson E. Torres, RN NAME Deluvio, Donne Louis Raphael D. SECTION BSN 2B Name of Drug Generic Name Salbutamol Brand Name Actimed Salbutamol Drug Class short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist Route of Administration Salbutamol can be administered through various routes such as inhalation, oral, intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular injection. Dosage The dosage of salbutamol varies depending on the age and condition of the patient. For adults, the usual dose is 2-4 mg 3-4 times daily. For children aged 6-12 years, the recommended dose is 2 CONCEPT SUBMITTED ON Respiratory System October 05, 2023 Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Adverse Effects Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist that is used to treat bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Salbutamol works by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors, which are predominantly found in bronchial smooth muscle. Activation of these receptors leads to the activation of adenyl cyclase and an increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). This increase in cyclic AMP leads to the activation of protein kinase A, which inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin and lowers intracellular ionic calcium concentrations, resulting in relaxation of the smooth muscles of all airways, from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles. Salbutamol is only weakly Salbutamol is a medication used to relax and open up airways, and is commonly used to relieve symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is also used to prevent asthma symptoms which occur with exercise or on exposure to an allergen, such as cat or dog fur, pollen or house dust. Salbutamol injection is also used for the management of uncomplicated premature labour between 22 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. Salbutamol is a medication used to relax and open up airways, and is commonly used to relieve symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Healthcare providers should exercise caution when administering salbutamol to patients with a history of heart problems, high blood pressure, diabetes, low levels of potassium in the blood, seizure, overactive thyroid, or any allergy. Salbutamol should also be used with caution in pregnant and breastfeeding women. Salbutamol is a medication used to relax and open up airways, and is commonly used to relieve symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Some common side effects of salbutamol include feeling shaky, headache, muscle cramps, and nervous tension. Other side effects may include dry mouth, irritated throat, dizziness, lightheadedness, heartburn, loss of appetite, altered taste sensation, restlessness, anxiety, trembling, sweating, and palpitations. Serious side effects are rare but may include worsening bronchospasm, irregular heartbeat, and low blood potassium levels. If you experience any of these serious side effects or if your breathing Per Organ System Adverse Effects. Salbutamol is a fast-acting bronchodilator and reliever medication that works by stimulating the beta-2 adrenoceptors in your bronchial muscles, which are the smooth muscles lining the two Salbutamol may interact with other medications such as beta-blockers, digoxin, diuretics, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase Cardiovascular Palpitations, tachycardia, chest pain, arrhythmias Central nervous system Tremors, headache, nervousness, restlessness Gastrointestinal Nausea, vomiting Respiratory Paradoxical bronchospasm Skin Rash. Nursing Responsibilities Salbutamol is a medication used to treat bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here are some nursing responsibilities relevant to the care and management of patients taking salbutamol: Assessment - Check the patient's medical history, including allergies, and assess the patient's respiratory status before administering salbutamol. - Monitor the patient's vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation before and after administering salbutamol ⁷. - Assess the patient's lung sounds before and after administering salbutamol. - Monitor the patient for adverse reactions such as rapid heartbeat, chest pain, and allergic reactions such as rash, itching, and swelling. 1 DRUG STUDY GENERIC NAME Name of Drug Mechanism of Action mg 3 or 4 times daily; for children aged 2-6 years, the recommended dose is 1-2 mg 3 or 4 times daily. Elderly patients should be given the lower dose initially. Salbutamol bound to plasma proteins and is not metabolized in the lung but is converted in the liver to the 4'-o-sulphate (salbutamol 4'-O-sulfate) ester, which has negligible pharmacologic activity. It may also be metabolized by oxidative deamination and/or conjugation with glucuronide. Salbutamol is ultimately excreted in the urine as free drug and as the metabolite. Onset: The onset of action for salbutamol is usually within 5 minutes after inhalation Peak Action: peak effects occurring within 30-60 minutes and lasting for 35 hours Duration: The onset of action for oral salbutamol is usually within 30 minutes, with peak effects occurring within 2 hours and lasting for 4-6 hours. Pharmacokinetics (ADME) Salbutamol is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is subject to first-pass metabolism in the liver and NAME Torres, Ronald Jayson E. BRAND NAME Indication Actimed Salbutamol Contraindication large tubes (bronchi) that carry air from your windpipe (trachea) to your lungs. This causes your bronchi to relax and dilate, widening your airway for a short period of about 4 to 6 hours and making it easier for you to breathe. Salbutamol can be used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in patients with asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. It can also be used to treat acute episodes of bronchospasm caused by bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and other chronic bronchopulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). Salbutamol can also be used as a bronchodilator in patients with cystic fibrosis. inhibitors (MAOIs), and other sympathomimetic drugs. The use of salbutamol with these medications may increase the risk of side effects such as heart palpitations, tremors, and nervousness. Therefore, it is important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking before using salbutamol. Side Effects DRUG CLASS Adverse Effects suddenly becomes more difficult after using salbutamol, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Nursing Responsibilities Diagnosis - Identify the patient's need for bronchodilator therapy based on their medical history and physical examination. Planning - Develop a care plan that includes the frequency of administration of salbutamol based on the patient's condition and response to treatment. - Educate the patient on how to use the inhaler or nebulizer correctly. Intervention - Administer salbutamol as prescribed by the physician. - Monitor the patient for adverse reactions to salbutamol. - Educate the patient on how to recognize and manage adverse reactions to salbutamol. Evaluation - Evaluate the effectiveness of salbutamol in relieving bronchospasm by assessing the patient's respiratory status before and after administration of the medication. - Monitor the patient for adverse reactions to salbutamol and It is important to note that salbutamol should only be used as directed by your healthcare provider. If you experience any side effects or if you're breathing COURSE short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist Pharmacology CONCEPT Reproductive System 2 DRUG STUDY GENERIC NAME Salbutamol Name of Drug Mechanism of Action possibly in the gut wall ¹. The main metabolite of salbutamol is an inactive sulfate conjugate. Salbutamol is ultimately excreted in the urine as free drug and as the metabolite. After oral administration, 5878% of the dose is excreted in the urine in 24 hours, approximately 60% as metabolites. A small fraction is excreted in the feces. BRAND NAME Indication Actimed Salbutamol Contraindication Side Effects DRUG CLASS Adverse Effects suddenly becomes more difficult after using salbutamol, contact your healthcare provider immediately. short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist Nursing Responsibilities report any adverse reactions to the physician immediately. Assessment Findings to Watch Out For - Rapid heartbeat - Chest pain - Allergic reactions such as rash, itching, and swelling - Feeling shaky - Headache - Muscle cramps Salbutamol is a direct-acting sympathomimetic that acts on beta-2 receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle with less prominent effect on the heart. It activates adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that stimulates the production of cyclic adenosine-3', 5'monophosphate (cAMP). Increased cAMP leads to activation of protein kinase A, which inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and lowers intracellular ionic Ca concentrations, resulting in muscle relaxation. Reference: ACTIMED SALBUTAMOL Watsons Health Hub. https://watsonshealth.com.ph/actimedsalbutamol/. NAME Torres, Ronald Jayson E. COURSE Pharmacology CONCEPT Reproductive System 3 DRUG STUDY GENERIC NAME Name of Drug Mechanism of Action NAME Torres, Ronald Jayson E. Salbutamol BRAND NAME Indication Actimed Salbutamol Contraindication COURSE Pharmacology Side Effects DRUG CLASS Adverse Effects CONCEPT short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist Nursing Responsibilities Reproductive System 4
