NCM 105 LAB
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY LAB
ROUTINE HOSPITAL DIET
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Referred as the “house diet,” the majority of the diet orders in hospital are:
a. Regular diet
 General, house, full hospital diet
 Most frequent ordered
 Normal diet plan that provide RDA for essential nutrient and caloric needs
 All food are not allowed (avoid highly spiced, fatty food and gas former)
b. Soft diet
 Regular diet with modification in consistency and texture
 Designed for psychologically and physically unable to tolerate
 Low fiber and connective tissue, bland in flavor
 Should easy to digest
 Prescribed for intestinal disorder, infection, period of convalescence
c. Liquid diet
Type of liquid diet:
1. Full liquid diet
 All food liquid at room temperature or liquified at body temperature
 For acute infection and fever for short duration
 For patient who are ill to chew, cannot tolerate solid food due to lesion on
the mouth or GI disturbance
 Post operatively
 Unable to chew and swallow following surgery of face, neck, or dental
 Protein level of food is increased
 Example: Milk, ice cream, plain pudding, bland cream, chocolate
2. Clear Liquid diet
 Liquid without residue or fiber
 To supply fluid and energy in forms of minimal digestion
 The primary purpose is to relieve thirst and help maintain water balance
 A small amount of carbohydrates, some protein, and very little fat
 Broth provide little sodium, fruit juices contribute potassium
 Should give in small frequent feeding
 Often used after surgery, to relieve thirst, prevent dehydration, stimulate
GI tract
 Example: Plain tea, black coffee. Fat free broth, ginger-ale, plain gelatin,
popsicles, clear fruit juices
Variation of routing hospital diet
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Light Diet
 Consist of food easily digest(replace soft diet in some hospital)
 Indicated for elder ones who cannot tolerate rich and heavy meals
 Fatty foods, rich pastries, fibrous fruit and vegetable are restricted
Mechanical soft diet
 Consist of food easily digest (replace soft diet in some hospital)
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 Indicated for elder ones who cannot tolerate rich and heavy meals)
 Fatty foods, rich pastries, fibrous fruit and vegetable are restricted
Cold liquid diet
A cold smooth liquid to minimize pain and avoid bleeding
Tube Feeding
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Diet require consistency that can pass through polyvinyl/siliconized tube
Vegetable Diet
A. Vegan Diet – contains only plants (such as vegetables, grains, nuts, and fruits) and
foods made form plants. Vega do not eat foods that come from animals, including dairy
products and eggs
B. Lacto-Vegetarian – excludes meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs, but includes dairy
products
C. Ovo Vegetarian – diet excludes all animal-based foods except for eggs. Meat, poultry,
fish, or dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese are eliminated, but whole eggs, egg
whites, and egg-containing foods like mayonnaise & egg noodles
D. Lacto-ovo Vegan – include both milk, milk products and eggs
E. Pesco Vegetarian – also called Pescetarians, eat freshwater and saltwater fish and
shellfish in addition to the fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, egg, and dairy vegetarians
typically consume.
F. Semi-Vegetarian - also called a flexitarian, is one that is centered on plant foods with
the occasional inclusion of meat
Pre-Operative Diet
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To improve nutritional status
To prepare him for nutrient losses during surgery
To hasten post-operative recovery
To strengthen bodily resistance to infection
Post-Operative Diet
Dietary Management for specific surgical condition
Surgery in the mouth, neck, and esophagus
 Tube feeding is required/Parental feeding if surgery is extensive
 If condition improves gradually initiate oral feeding
Gastric surgery as Gastrectomy
Cholecystectomy
Rectal Surgery