Plant Cell Structure
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PROTOPLASM
PLASMA MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS
CENTRAL VACOULE
CYTOPLASM
MITOCHONDRIA
PLASTIDS
RIBOSOMES
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
DICHTYOSOMES
MICROBODIES
CYTOSOL
MICROTUBULES
MICROFILAMENTS
STORAGE PRODUCTS
CELL WALL
PROTOPLASM
- the protoplasm of a single cell is called protoplast
- is mass of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and water within a cell; except for the wall
PLASMA MEMBRANE
- less frequently called the plasmalemma
- the membrane that completely covers the protoplasm
- impermeable to harmful materials; permeable to beneficial ones
- molecular pumps in the plasma membrane actively transport needed molecules inward and pumps
others outward for secretion.
- because one side of the plasma membrane faces the external environment and the other side faces the
cell, the two sides are quite different, especially in the types of protein they contain. We know very little
about the proteins and lipids that make up the plasma membrane does not separate.
- Nuclear envelope
- Nuclear pores
surrounded the nucleus of a Eukaryotic cell
composed of an outer membrane and inner membrane
separates nuclear material from the rest of the cell, and it contains numerous small holes;
nuclear pores
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involved in the transport of material between the nucleus and the rest of the protoplasm.
have a complex structure and exert control over the movement of materials. If a nucleus
is extracted from a cell and placed into water, it swells; this can happen only if the pores
prevent material from oozing out as the nucleus absorbs water.
Prokaryotes have no nuclear envelope; instead, DNA is simply mixed with the rest of the
cell contents.
- Nucleoplasm
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A substance within the nucleus
A complex association of (1) DNA; (2) Enzymes and other factors necessary to maintain,
repair, read DNA ; (3) histone proteins that supports and interact with DNA;(4) several
types of RNA; and ( 5) water and numerous other substances that are necessary for
nuclear metabolism.
Nuclear DNA