Quantization of Energy Lab Report Instructions: For this investigative phenomenon, you will need to determine the composition of the new star using a spectrometer. This will help scientists determine the star's approximate age. You will complete Part I and Part II trials of the experiment. Record your observations and test measurements in the lab report below. You will submit your completed report Title: QUANTIZATION OF ENERGY Objective(s): the objective of the lab is to determine the composition of a star by comparing and contrasting the color of the flame, wavelength of different substances Hypothesis: Make a prediction that describes the relationship between the composition of an unknown substance and its emission spectrum. For example, “If each element can be identified by its ______________, then the ____________ of an unknown star can be determined." In part 1, formulate a relation between substance identity and the light that it emits when it is heated. “If each element can be identified by its light emission, then the substance identity of an unknown star can be determined." In part 2 formulate a relation between the composition of a unknown substance and its line spectrum “If each element can be identified by its color on the line spectrum , then the composition of an unknown star can be determined." Procedure: Access the virtual lab and complete Part I and Part II trials of the experiment. Because this lab is virtual, summarize the steps in which data were collected for the samples. In addition, list and explain your controlled variables, independent variable, and dependent variable for this lab. Materials: Quantization of Energy Virtual Lab Variables: Remember, controlled variables are factors that remain the same throughout the experiment. An independent (test) variable changes so that the experimenter can see the effect on other variables. The dependent (outcome) variable will change in response to the test variable. Controlled variables: the test tube Independent variable: fire Dependent variable: light emission Summary of Steps: Part 1 select different solutions in the test tubes for testing purposes Clean the platinum wire for each conducted trial with hydrochloric acid solution Put a platinum wire in the solution then put it over the heat source and observe what happens. Part 2 Use the spectroscope to observe the color of the flame for each of the given elements. Data: Type the results of your tests in the data table below. The saved results of your measurements can also be found by selecting the data table button within the virtual lab. Don't forget to record measurements with accuracy, precision, and appropriate significant figures. Part I: Flame Tests Solution Element Name Color Description Known One sodium Yellow flame Known Two calcium Red flame Known Three lithium pink Known Four potassium blue Known Five barium Known Six Neon green rubidium purple Unknown One lithium pink Unknown Two potassium blue Part II: Spectrometry Known Elements Spectrum Line Hydrogen Helium Sodium Neon Mercury 1 Purple, 410nm Blue, 450nm Yellow, 580nm Purple, 420nm Blue, 430nm 2 Blue, 440nm Green, 510nm Yellow, 585nm Green, 515nm Blue, 435nm 3 Neon green, 510nm Yellow, 590nm Yellow, 595nm Neon green, 520nm Neon green, 540nm 4 Yellow, 540nm red,690 Neon green, 525nm Neon green, 550nm 5 Yellow, 550nm Yellow, 575nm Yellow, 570nm Red, 730nm 6 yellow,580nm Yellow, 580nm Red, 675nm 7 Red, 660nm Red, 700nm Red, 690nm 8 Red, 680nm Red, 710nm Red, 705nm 9 Red, 700nm Red, 720nm 10 Star Composition Line in Star Spectrum Color Wavelength 1 purple 410nm 2 Purple 415nm 3 blue 440nm 4 green 500nm 5 Neon green 550nm 6 red 695nm 7 red 705nm 8 yellow 580nm Conclusion Write a conclusion statement that addresses the following questions: ● Based on your data, which unknown elements make up this star? It will have hydrogen and neon because it has the majority of purple and red . The most percentage that this star is made of is hydrogen and neon . there is a little percentage of helium and mercury . the star does not have sodium ● Do your data support or fails to support your hypothesis (include examples)? Yes the data supported my hypothesis because the different elements changed color when heated ● How do you think the investigation can be explored further? You can use it to find new elements and their composition. We can use it in forensic science to trace clues about a murder Post-Lab Reflection Questions Answer the reflection questions using what you have learned from the lesson and your experimental data. It will be helpful to refer to your chemistry journal notes. Answer questions in complete sentences. 1. In Parts I and II of the lab, what happened to the electrons of each element to produce the different colors of light? Explain your answers using important terms from the lesson and information provided in the laboratory. When the elements came in contact with heat, the electrons used the energy and became more spread apart and moved faster and farther apart, when the energy is used up the element starts to produce light. 2. Stars composed of heavier (more massive) elements are often slightly older than stars made predominantly from hydrogen and helium. Based on your data, is the newly discovered star a younger star? Explain your answer. Since the star is composed of mostly hydrogen, this means it is younger than a star made of more dense elements.
