ANIMAL BITE Course Outline DEFINITION MAMMALIAN BITES ANIMAL BITE CATEGORY THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT DEFINITION - - Children receive bites from snakes and animals such as dogs or cats; they receive bites from other children The source of bites needs to be documented as human bites can also result from sexual abuse. MAMMALIAN BITES Dog bites account for approximately 90% of all bites inflicted on humans, and children and adolescent are involved in one owned by the family. Cat bites, wild animal bites, and human bites also constitute a threat, although they are less common in children. Can cause abrasions, lacerations, punctured wounds and crushing injuries. Can cause scarring, disfigurement wound infection and possible rabies infection. ANIMAL BITE CATEGORIZATION I. II. III. CATEGORY I - touching or feeding animals, animal licks on intact skin (no exposure) CATEGORY II - nibbling of uncovered skin, minor scratches or abrasions without bleeding (exposure) CATEGORY III - single or multiple transdermal bites or scratches, contamination of mucous membrane or broken skin with saliva from animal licks, exposures due to direct contact with bats (severe exposure). THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT WOUND CARE: soap and water ONLY. PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT: Tetanus injection 0.5ml I.M as single dose Anti-Tetanus Serum (ATS) 1,500 I.U I.M as single dose AntiRabies Vaccine 1ml I.M for 5 doses with schedule (Day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28th) Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin (ERIG) as single dose I.M. The dosage that will be given to the patient depends on patient’s weight. (weight multiply by .2 equals the quantity needed per ML/CC) Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG) 300 IU/ml/ampoule and 1,500 IU/5ml/ampoule given as single dose. Depends on the weight of the patient. (20 IU/kg) @NurseMD_
