SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS CULTURE SOCIETY and POLITICS Quarter 1 WEEK 1 SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society WEEK IN 1 and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS Level : SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Subject Group : CORE SUBJECT Subject : UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS Content Standards Performance Standards Quarter 1 The learners demonstrate an understanding of: 1. human cultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities 2. the significance of studying culture, society, and politics 3. the rationale for studying anthropology, political science, and sociology The learners 1. acknowledge humancultural variation, social differences, social change, and political identities 2. adopt an open and critical attitude toward different social, political, and cultural phenomena through observation and reflection 3. appreciates the value of disciplines of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science as social sciences 1. culture and societyas anthropologicaland 1. appreciate the nature ofculture and society from sociologicalconcepts theperspectives of anthropologyand sociology 2. perspectivesin/approaches to thestudy of culture 2. demonstrate a holisticunderstanding of culture andsociety andsociety (i.e.,comparative,historical,structuralfunctional,inte 3. values cultural heritage andexpress pride of rpretive, critical) place withoutbeing ethnocentric 1. the human originsand the capacity forculture Analyze key features of interrelationships of 2. the role of culturein human adaptation biological, cultural and sociopolitical processes in 3. processes of cultural and sociopolitical human evolution that can still be used and evolution developed 1. how individuals learn culture and become 1. identify norms and values to be observed in competent members of society how individuals interacting with others in society, and the learn culture and become competent members of consequences of ignoring these rules society 2. assess the rules of social interaction to maintain 2. how individuals should behave as part of a stability of everyday life and the role of innovation political community in response to problems and challenges Content Standards Performance Standards 1. cultural, social, and political institutions as sets of norms and patterns of behavior that relate to major social interests 2. social stratification as the ranking of individuals according to wealth, power, and prestige 3. social and political inequalities as features of societies and the global community 1. analyze aspects of social organization 2. identify one’s role in social groups and institutions 3. recognize other forms of economic transaction such as sharing, gift exchange, and redistribution in his/her own society Quarter 2 Quarter Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) No. of Days Taught Weeks Discuss the nature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political science* 4 1 Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society* 4 2 Explain the importance of cultural relativism in attaining cultural understanding* 8 3&4 Analyze the significance of cultural, social, political and economic symbols and practices* 8 5&6 Explain the context, content, processes, and consequences of socialization* 4 7 Analyze the forms and functions of social organizations* 4 8 No. of Days Taught Weeks 4 9 8 10 & 11 4 12 4 12 4 14 8 15 & 16 Quarter Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions* Examine the functions and importance of education in the society* Examine the concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems using sociological perspectives* Explain government programs and initiatives in addressing social inequalities e.g. local, national, global the agents/institutions, processes, and outcomes of 1. evaluates factors causing social, political, and Suggest ways to address social inequalities (local, national and cultural, political, and social change cultural change global)* 2. advocate how human societies should adapt to Examine human responses to emerging challenges in such changes contemporary societies* *These learning competencies were rephrased and deemed most essential in the achievement of content and performance standards. SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 ACTIVITY IN WEEK and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS Name: Section: I Module Understanding Culture, Society 1 Date: Score: What I need to know? Direction: Read the famous quotation from Heraclitus of Greece and express your thoughts and opinions about it in two sentences. “Change is the only permanent thing in this world.” NOTES: In our society today, we can see a lot of changes and development that affect our life. Machines have made our work easier. Computers have allowed us to communicate with more people faster. Genetic engineering has helped us produce disease resistant plants. Change such as theses have resulted in the modernization of societies. I PRETEST What is new? As an initial phase of understanding culture, it is better to determine how familiar we are with the topic by simply answering the given questions. Direction: Choose the best answer. _____1. It refers to the totality of what man has learned as a member of society. a. Sociology b. Anthropology c. Culture d. Psychology _____2. According to C. Wright Mills, applying the sociological imagination requires a. Placing our lives in the context of the society in which we live b. Understanding how personal troubles may become public issues c. Recognizing that solutions to social problems must not only focus on individual strategies d. All answers are correct _____3. How is sociology defined? a. b. c. d. The study of how society has developed, how it is arranged and how it functions The study of how the minds of individuals work The study of human culture The study of how speech has affected human development SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN WEEK and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS 1 _____4. This theory says society is made up of opposing groups with different interests a. Structural Functionalism b. Symbolic Interactionism c. Conflict Theory _____5. This theory says that society works towards cooperation and consensus. a. Structural Functionalism b. Symbolic Interactionism c. Conflict Theory _____6. Within social sciences, which discipline is concerned with government and governing? a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Sociology d. Political Science _____7. It is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behaviour. a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Sociology d. Political Science _____8. The branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his works, his body, his behaviour and values, in time and space. a. Science b. Humanities c. Psychology d. Anthropology _____9. It is the scientific study of the state and politics which deals with the nature, principles and mechanics of rule, authority, power, and influence. a. Political Science b. Social Science c. Law d. Humanities _____10. It is considered as the main relationship between sociology and anthropology. a. Emergence of community b. Culture shared by men ACTIVITY c. Language use by the people d. Fossils of early human beings Direction: Analyze the image below and try to think what word is related to each image. Explain their relationship of the word to the image. SOCIETY POLITICS CULTURE PSYCHOLOGY HISTORY SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 NOTES: Broadly speaking, culture includes anything made by man. Language customs, values, norms, mores, rules tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions – all these are components of culture. As defined by Edward B. Taylor, culture refers to that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. Simply put, a society is a group of people interacting with each other while politics is the activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power. D What I know? Culture, society, and politics fall under a discipline that makes them intertwine. In this part of the lesson we will uncover their focus and concerned and try to connect it with what we knew already. ACTIVITY Direction: Read the following description of the three discipline below and try to explain its relationship with culture, society, and politics. Anthropology Let us begin with the etymology* of the concept. It is a compound of two Greek words, “Anthropos” and “logos”, which can be translated as “human” and “reason”, respectively. A short definition of anthropology may read thus: “Anthropology is the comparative study of cultural and social life. Its most important method is participant observation, which consists in lengthy fieldworks in particular social setting.” Sociology According to Joseph Fichter, sociology is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behaviour. It analyzes human interaction which is essential in understanding man’s make-up. It may focus its attention on all kinds of social interactions: social arts, social relationships, social organization, social structures, and social processes (Palispis, 2009 p.3). Political Science It is a systemic study of a state and its government, with the relationships of men in the community, with relations of men and groups to the state itself, and with the relations of a state with other sovereign states and abroad (Palispis, 2009 p.14). SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 Matching Type: Match Column A from column B. Identify the words related to the discipline in the colum A and explain your answer in the box below. ACTIVITY Type A TYPE B Political Science Culture Anthropology Society Sociology Politics Direction: Answer the question below and write your answer on the box provided. 1. Why do we need to understand the idea of culture, society, and politics? NOTES: The relationship between culture and society can be described in the following way. Culture refers to the acquired, cognitive* and symbolic aspects of existence, whereas society refers to the social organization of human life, patterns of interaction and power relaationships. Sociology is a social science not a physical science: - Sociology belongs to the family of social sciences, and not to the family of physical science. As a social science, it concentrates its attention on man, his social behaviors, social activities, and social life. SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 D Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 What is in? Lecture: Sociologists analyze social phenomena at different levels and from different perspectives. Sociologists today employ three primary theoretical perspectives: the symbolic interactionist perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. These perspectives offer sociologists theoretical paradigms for explaining how society influences people, and vice versa. Each perspective uniquely conceptualizes society, social forces, and human behavior. Sociological Perspective 1. Symbolic Interactionism 2. Functionalism Level of Analysis Micro (small social patterns) Macro (large patterns) 3. Conflict Theory Macro Focus Use of symbols; Face-toface Interactions Relationship between the parts of society; How aspects of society are functional (adaptive) Competition for scarce resources; How the elite control the poor and weak. Symbolic Interaction The founding father is Mead (1863-1931), an American philosopher. The theoretical perspective supports that: • People attach meaning to symbols, then they act according to the subject interpretations • Individual, social groups meaning to experience of life: we negotiate meaning • Meanings can change or be modified through interaction and through time. Structure Functionalism Two words can give an idea of this approach: structure and function. The founding fathers of this perspective are Comte, Spencer, and Durkheim. This theoretical perspective says that society is stable, ordered system of interrelated part of the structures. Each structure has a function that contributes to the continued stability or equilibrium of the whole. SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 • • • • • Module Understanding Culture, Society IN WEEK and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS 1 Structures are explained as social institutions like the family, the educational system, politics, religion, mass media systems, and the economy Structures meet the need of society by performing different functions: What would be the functions of above-mentioned social institutions? (in terms of manifest* vs. latent** functions, Robert Merton, b. 1910) Dysfunction: a disturbance to or undesirable consequence of some aspect of the social system Harmony & stability Manifest: the obvious intended functions of a social institution (or social system) Latent: the less obvious, perhaps unintended functions of a social structure Cultural Theory The founding father is Karl Marx. The principles embodied in this theory are: • A materialistic view of society (focused on labor practices and economic reality, we play by the rules (roles and functions) of these social systems • Unequal groups usually have conflicting values and agenda causing them to compete against one another. • This constant competition between groups forms the basis of the ever-changing nature of society. ACTIVITY Direction: Give three institutions and apply the three theoretical perspectives of sociology. Institution: ________________ Functionalist theory _____________________________________________________________________ Conflict theory _________________________________________________________________________ Symbolic Interactionism theory __________________________________________________________ Institution: ________________ Functionalist theory_____________________________________________________________________ Conflict theory _________________________________________________________________________ Symbolic Interactionism theory__________________________________________________________ Institution: ________________ Functionalist theory_____________________________________________________________________ Conflict theory_________________________________________________________________________ Symbolic Interactionism theory _________________________________________________________ Which theory do you think better explains how societies operate — structural functionalism or conflict theory? Why? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 D ACTIVITY Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 What is it? Direction: Read the following extract from C. Wright Mills’ famous books The Sociological Imagination: The sociological imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner life and the external career of a variety of individuals. It enables [the sociologist] to take into account how individuals, in the welter of their daily experience, often become falsely conscious of their social positions. Within that welter, the framework of modern society is sought, and within that framework the psychologies of a variety of men and women are formulated. By such means the personal uneasiness of individuals is focused upon explicit troubles and the indifference of publics is transformed into involvement with public issues. The first fruit of this imagination – and the first lesson of the social science that embodies it – is the idea that the individual can understand his own experience and gauge his own fate only by locating himself within his period, that he can know his own chances in life only by becoming aware of those of all individuals in his circumstances. In many ways it is a terrible lesson, in many ways a magnificent one. We do not know the limits of a man’s capacities for supreme effort or willing degradation, for agony or glee, for pleasurable brutality or the sweetness of reason. But in our time, we have come to know that the limits of ‘human nature’ are frighteningly broad. We have come to know that every individual life, from one generation to the next, in some society; that he lives out a biography, and that he lives it out within some historical sequence. By the fact of his living he contributes, however minutely, to the shaping of this society and by its historical push and shove. The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. That is its task and its promise... (Mills, C. W. (1959) The Sociological Imagination, reprinted (2000), Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 11-12) 1. Discuss your understanding of the sociological imagination as described by C. Wright Mills. 2. In what ways might our behaviour be shaped by structures within society? Give examples. SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 E ACTIVITY Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 What is more? Direction: Apply your sociological imagination to the following scenarios: (i) (ii) (iii) Man cleaning his car on a Sunday morning. Woman jogging in the park. Person in a suit queuing for the bus to work. Think about each of these situations. What else can you say about each of these behaviours? Why do these people do what they do? What shapes their decisions? What are the private and public issues at play here? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ NOTES: Sociological imagination is to place oneself outside of everyday routines and to be able to view one's actions or life from third party perspective. It allows one to make more self-aware decisions rather than be swayed by social norms or factors that may otherwise dictate actions. E What I can do? The sociological Imagination is the ability to see the connection between our personal experience and the larger forces of history. ACTIVITY Direction: Analyze the three sociological images, each of these photos depicted sociological situations and try to give us insight as to how or why a person arrives at a certain station in life base on your understanding of the lesson. SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 What do you think? What do you think? What do you think? NOTES: If C. Wright Mills were around, he would say, "Not you. The world around you." Mills believed things only worked when you saw "the vivid awareness of the relationship between experience and the wider society." He encouraged people to stop focusing on themselves alone and to look at the wider landscape of society. Module Understanding Culture, Society SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 E ACTIVITY IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 What else can I do? Direction: Read the following question and write your answer on the space provided. Why is the sociological imagination important today? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ How is sociological imagination used in everyday life? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ A ACTIVITY What I have learned? Direction: Think of one issue wherein we could all see the interplay of the disciplines of anthropology, sociology, and political science. Elaborate your answer. Issue: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Explanation: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ In three to four sentences, write in the box what learning/s you have gained as to how the understanding of the interplay of anthropology, sociology, and political science will help in addressing social problems/issues that we have in our society? SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN WEEK and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS 1 Answer A ACTIVITY What I can achieve? Direction: Choose the best answer. _____1. It refers to the totality of what man has learned as a member of society. a. Sociology b. Anthropology c. Culture d. Psychology _____2. According to C. Wright Mills, applying the sociological imagination requires a. Placing our lives in the context of the society in which we live b. Understanding how personal troubles may become public issues c. Recognizing that solutions to social problems must not only focus on individual strategies d. All answers are correct _____3. How is sociology defined? a. b. c. d. The study of how society has developed, how it is arranged and how it functions The study of how the minds of individuals work The study of human culture The study of how speech has affected human development SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 Module Understanding Culture, Society IN WEEK and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS 1 _____4. This theory says society is made up of opposing groups with different interests a. Structural Functionalism b. Symbolic Interactionism c. Conflict Theory _____5. This theory says that society works towards cooperation and consensus. a. Structural Functionalism b. Symbolic Interactionism c. Conflict Theory _____6. Within social sciences, which discipline is concerned with government and governing? a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Sociology d. Political Science _____7. It is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behaviour. a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Sociology d. Political Science _____8. The branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of man, his works, his body, his behaviour and values, in time and space. a. Science b. Humanities c. Psychology d. Anthropology _____9. It is the scientific study of the state and politics which deals with the nature, principles and mechanics of rule, authority, power, and influence. a. Political Science b. Social Science c. Law d. Humanities _____10. It is considered as the main relationship between sociology and anthropology. a. Emergence of community b. Culture shared by men c. Language use by the people d. Fossils of early human beings SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BIÑAN CITY BIÑAN CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL - SAN ANTONIO CAMPUS Pedro Escueta St., Brgy. San Antonio, City of Biñan, Laguna JTA/ACPM 2020-2021 References: Module Understanding Culture, Society IN and Politics Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 4 HRS WEEK 1 Acton, Ashton Q. (2014. Issues in international sociology and social work research and application. USA: Scholarly EditionsPrint Difference Between Anthropology and Sociology. www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/...anthropology-andsociology. Web. 06 June 2015. Ferrante, J. (2014). Sociology a Global Perspective. 9th edition. USA: Cengage Learning. Print Mauss, M. (2005). The Nature of Sociology Berghahn Series.USA: Durkheim Press. Print Acton, Ashton Q. (2014. Issues in international sociology and social work research and application. USA: Scholarly Editions.Print Difference Between Anthropology and Sociology. www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/...anthropology-andsociology. Web. 06 June 2015. Ferrante, J. (2014). Sociology a Global Perspective. 9th edition. USA: Cengage Learning. Print Mauss, M. (2005). The Nature of Sociology Berghahn Series.USA: Durkheim Press. Print Sociology/Anthropology. www.stolaf.edu/catalog/9697/socanthro.html. Web. 06 June 2015 Central Colleges of the Philippines High School Department Senior High School Division Banaag, Lee Mark T.2012. Socio-Anthro. An Integrated and Interdisciplinary Approach to the study of Society and Culture.Mandaluyong City: Books atbp Lazo, Ricardo S.2009. Introduction to Political Science. Manila: Rex Publishing Inc. Palispis, Epitacio S. 2007. Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology. Manila: Rex Publishing Inc. Panopio, et. al. 1994. Sociology focus on the Philippines. Quezon City: Ken Incorporated Schwartz, Barton M., and Robert H. Ewald. 1968. Culture and Sociology: An Introduction to Cultural Anthropology. New York: The Ronald Press Co. Photo credits: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/young-poor-pregnant-teen-mums-philippines-180123080457459.html https://www.hatawtabloid.com/2018/06/04/solvent-boys-sa-m-orosa-st-sa-ermita-garapalan-na/ https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-examples-of-social-issues https://www.canstockphoto.com/travel-to-philippines-filipinos-in-59444039.html https://joeam.com/2016/08/07/why-does-a-president-show-the-world-an-ugly-philippines/ https://rappler.com/nation/elections/news-yearender-political-shockers-elections
