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ASME BPVC.IX-Z0 1 5
FORM aW-482 S UGGESTED FORMAT FOR WELDING PROCEOURE SPECIFICATIONS (WPS)
(See OW-200.1. Section IX. A SME Bo iler and Pressure Vessel Cod e)
(15)
8y
Organization Name
Welding Procedure Specification N o.
Date
Revision No.
Sup porting PQR No.(s)
Date
Wel ding Process(es)
Type(s)
(Autom . tic. M. ny .... Mac"'ne. o r S~mi·A"tom.'io)
JOINTS (QW-402)
Details
Joint Design
Root Spacing
Backing:
y"
No
Backing Mat erial (Type)
IR cfu r to both bading.no <I '. ,M'S)
0 M etal
0 Nonmet allic
o
o
Nonfusing Metal
Other
Sketches. Productio n Draw in gs, W eld Symbols, or Written Description
should show the general arrangement otthe parts to be welded. Where
applicable, the details of weld groove may be specified.
Sketches may be attached to illustrate joint design, weld layers. 3I"Id bead
sequence le.g., for notch toughness procedures, tor multiple process
procedures, etc.)}
~
n
· eASE METALS (OW -.403)
P-No
Group No.
toP-No.
OR
NQ"M IL
Sp eciflcalion and type/grade or UNS Number
f:l "" - 4- 2-2-
I £ \.i Y-~~
Group No.
A t, IVI r:i 1I A
to Specif ication and type/grade or UNS Number
OR
llSMr;;
Ch em. An alysis and Mech. Prop.
to Chern. Ana lysis and Mech. Prop.
Thi ckness Range:
=fo.bl
Q..
Base Meta l:
Groove
M aximum Pass Thickness ~ 1/2 in. (13mm)
-Ir{j
61w -A51 ' \
(Yes) _ __
"Tun\Q eW-A St- 3
Fillel
(No) _ _ _
Olh er
"'FILLER METALS (QW·404)
Spoc. No. (SFA)
AWS NO. (Class)
F-No.
,,~V\/\\"- ~~l\'0
-ornwo ~:Li7:?
A·No.
Size of Filler M etals
2
TlLlolo _ "'W - AA-"
Filler Metal Prod uct Form
Supplomen tal Filler Metal
Weld Metal
Deposited Thickr.ess:
Groove
l-r ,.. ,,\ 112- _ Cl'hl _-4- c::. 1• I
Fillel
Electrode·Flux (Class)
FluX Type
Flux Trade Nam e
Consumable Insert
Other
~Each
base metal ·fille r metal combination should be speCified individually.
(07/15)
30 7
2
-
o
r
n
0
~
~
".
"
~
"
~
A.SME BPVC.IX-201$
B
~
~
B
~
m
FORM QW-482 (Backl
~
WPS No.
POSITIONS I OW-405J
POSTWELD HEAT TREATM ENT (OW-407)
Posilion(5) nf Groove
Temperalum Rang"
OO~
W el d ing ProgresSIon Up
Tlnlll Range
Posit ion!,) Of Fillet
~lB I
!:! '":1.
B3'l ..3
0\
a
Gas(es)
B -
"02
(MiJ(ture)
Flow Rate
Intarpass Tempe rature, M axi mim
Preheat M aintena nce
•"
B
~
~
0
C
;!.
<
B
•"
~
~
~
'"
'"
Shielding
Q\'"\
B
:'>2 \- \- \
S ~ 1'\ - S ;,~,~coY:}.;: EO·TI c.. )
OT«.bI<- 330-\' I
t.. ~W\t;.~_J) 1.. .
tv Mt\1"\
::J Ap ~O
n
tl CS- 5 b
U 't
GAS (OW-408)
Pr eheat Temperature, Minimum
~
~..3 '~3 -;> To-b \12..
Other
Other
PREHEAT (QW-406)
Rev.
~
Olher
Trailing
(Continuous or specia l heating, where applicable, shou ld be spec ified)
Backing
0
"
0
Other
0
cr
~
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS IQW-4(9)
~
0
iii0
Filler Metal
Wetd
Pass(es)
Proce ss
Classifi cation
Diameter
Cu rrent
TVpe and
Polarity
Amps
(Ran ge)
Wl/e Fe&<! Energv Dr
Speed
Power
(Range)
(Range)
Volt s
(Range)
Travel
Speed
(Range)
Olh er
(e.g . Remarks. Commenrs, Hot Wir e
Add It Ion. Techn Ique,
TOlch Ang le, etc.}
"
~
~.
B
'"
".
~
~
n
5'
~
f;;
n
Ampg and VO lts. or power or energy range, sh ould be speCIfied for each elect rode
$i~e,
posi ti on, and thickness, etc.
"~
"B
Pul $ing Current
Tung!l en £ Ieelrode $ '1.e and Type
Heat 'nput Ima)!: .)
S!;~
aJ;,YV1 ( -1T C
- S ' IL
Thoriol .... etc.1
.""'.. , ......... 2%
Mode of Metal Transfer for GMAW (FCAW)
tSp •• v
~ h9r
A,C. SI>ott C"""'~"" ~ eteJ
:!
n
0
e
~
•n
0
~
~
TECHNI QUE !QW-4101
~
String or Weave Bead
0
Orifice, Nozzle, or Gas Cup Size
2-
Initial a nd Interpass Cloaning (Brushing, Grinding, etc.)
m
0
.
-
~
B
~
Method of BaCk Gouging
0
"
OscillatIon
Cont ~ct
N
Tube to Work DIStance
0
MultIple or Single Pa ss (Per Side)
'i'
0
MultIple or Single £ Iectrockls
~
Electrode SpacIng
~
Peening
0
~her
~
~
~
W
~
'"
~
0
0
(<l7/15)
cr
~
m
~
"
0
"
N
B
~
C
•m
"
~
0
~
m
"m
iC
308
~
"~
0
z
0
~
r
Spec. No.
Type or Grade
UNS No.
Minimum
Specified
Tensile, ksi
(MPa)
A/SA–508
A/SA–508
A/SA–508
A/SA–508
A/SA–508
4N, Cl. 3
3VCb
3V
5, Cl. 1
5, Cl. 2
K22375
K31390
K31830
K42365
K42365
A/SA–513
A/SA–513
A/SA–513
1008
1010
1015
Welding
Brazing
P‐No.
Group
No.
90 (620)
85 (585)
85 (585)
105 (725)
115 (795)
3
5C
5C
11A
11B
3
1
1
5
10
102
102
102
102
102
3.1
6.2
6.2
3.1
3.1
3.5Ni–1.75Cr–0.5Mo–V
3Cr–1Mo–0.25V–Cb–Ca
3Cr–1Mo–V–Ti–B
3.5Ni–1.75Cr–0.5Mo–V
3.5Ni–1.75Cr–0.5Mo–V
Forgings
Forgings
Forgings
Forgings
Forgings
G10080
G10100
G10150
42 (290)
45 (310)
48 (330)
1
1
1
1
1
1
101
101
101
1.1
1.1
1.1
C
C
C
Tube
Tube
Tube
G10150
G10200
G10250
G10260
…
…
…
…
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
101
101
101
101
1.1
1.1
1.2
11.1
C
C
C
C
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
100 (690)
11B
9
102
3.1
1.3Ni–1.3Cr–0.5Mo–V
P‐No.
ISO 15608
Group
Nominal Composition
Product Form
Ferrous (Cont'd)
CW
CW
CW
CW
A514
Q
…
A514
A514
A514
A514
A514
Q
F
B
A
E
…
K11576
K11630
K11856
K21604
110
110
110
110
100
(760)
(760)
(760)
(760)
(690)
11B
11B
11B
11B
11B
9
3
4
1
2
102
101
101
101
102
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
1.3Ni–1.3Cr–0.5Mo–V
0.75Ni–0.5Cr–0.5Mo–V
0.5Cr–0.2Mo–V
0.5Cr–0.25Mo–Si
1.75Cr–0.5Mo–Cu
A514
A514
E
P
K21604
K21650
110 (760)
100 (690)
11B
11B
2
8
102
102
3.1
3.1
1.75Cr–0.5Mo–Cu
1.25Ni–1Cr–0.5Mo
A514
P
K21650
110 (760)
11B
8
102
3.1
1.25Ni–1Cr–0.5Mo
Plate > 21/2 in. – 6 in. (64 mm –
152 mm), incl.
Plate, 21/2 in. (64 mm) max.
Plate, 21/2 in. (64 mm) max.
Plate, 11/4 in. (32 mm) max.
Plate, 11/4 in. (32 mm) max.
Plate > 21/2 in. – 6 in. (64 mm –
152 mm), incl.
Plate, 21/2 in. (64 mm) max.
Plate > 21/2 in. – 6 in. (64 mm –
152 mm), incl.
Plate, 21/2 in. (64 mm) max.
A/SA–515
A/SA–515
A/SA–515
A/SA–515
60
60
65
70
…
K02401
K02800
K03101
60 (415)
60 (415)
65 (450)
70 (485)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
101
101
101
101
11.1
1.1
11.1
11.1
C–Si
C
C–Si
C–Si
Plate > 1 in. (25 mm)
Plate ≤ 1 in. (25 mm)
Plate
Plate
A/SA–516
A/SA–516
A/SA–516
A/SA–516
55
60
65
70
K01800
K02100
K02403
K02700
55 (380)
60 (415)
65 (450)
70 (485)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
101
101
101
101
1.1
1.1
1.1
11.1
C–Si
C–Mn–Si
C–Mn–Si
C–Mn–Si
Plate
Plate
Plate
Plate
A/SA–517
F
K11576
115 (795)
11B
3
101
3.1
0.75Ni–0.5Cr–0.5Mo–V
Plate ≤ 21/2 in. (64 mm)
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0
1015
1020
1025
1026
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
117
A513
A513
A513
A513
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
Table QW/QB-422
Ferrous/Nonferrous P-Numbers
Grouping of Base Metals for Qualification (Cont'd)
ASME BPVC.II.A-2015
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
Composition, %
Elements
Carbon, max(A), (B):
1
⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under
Over 1⁄2 in. to 2 in. [12.5 to 50 mm], incl
Over 2 in. to 4 in. [50 to 100 mm], incl
Over 4 to 8 in. [100 to 200 mm], incl
Over 8 in. [200 mm]
Manganese(B):
1
⁄2 in. [12.5] and under:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Over 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm]:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Phosphorus, max(A)
Sulfur, max(A)
Silicon:
Heat analysis
Product analysis
Grade 60
[Grade 415]
Grade 65
[Grade
450]
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.27
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.27
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.60–0.90
0.55–0.98
0.60–0.90 (C)
0.55–0.98 (C)
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.60–1.20
0.55–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.85–1.20
0.79–1.30
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
0.15–0.40
0.13–0.45
Grade 55
[Grade 380]
Grade 70
[Grade 485]
QW-403
NOTES:
(A) Applies to both heat and product analyses.
(B) For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified
maximum for manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50% by heat analysis and 1.60% by product analysis.
(C) Grade 60 plates 1⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] and under in thickness may have 0.85–1.20% manganese on heat analysis, and 0.79–1.30% manganese
on product analysis.
Grade
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa](A)
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, % (B)
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min, % (B)
55 [380]
60 [415]
65 [450]
70 [485]
55–75 [380–515]
30 [205]
23
27
60–80 [415–550]
32 [220]
21
25
65–85 [450–585]
35 [240]
19
23
70–90 [485–620]
38 [260]
17
21
NOTES:
(A) Determined by either the 0.2% offset method or the 0.5% extension-under-load method.
(B) See Specification A 20/A 20M for elongation adjustment.
930
QW-403
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:13:01 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
TABLE 2
TENSILE REQUIREMENTS
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
SA-516/SA-516M
No fu
that was used in the qualification test without consideration of the compatibility of the base and filler metals from
ð15Þ
the standpoint of metallurgical properties, postweld heat
treatment design and service requirements, and mechanical properties.
Table QW-432
F-Numbers
Grouping of Electrodes and Welding Rods for Qualification
F‐No.
ASME Specification
AWS Classification
UNS No.
Steel and Steel Alloys
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
EXX20
EXX22
EXX24
EXX27
EXX28
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
1
SFA-5.4
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
EXXX(X)‐26
EXX20‐X
EXX27‐X
...
...
...
2
2
2
2
2
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.5
EXX12
EXX13
EXX14
EXX19
E(X)XX13‐X
...
...
...
...
...
3
3
3
3
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
EXX10
EXX11
E(X)XX10‐X
E(X)XX11‐X
...
...
...
...
4
4
4
4
4
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
SFA-5.1
EXX15
EXX16
EXX18
EXX18M
EXX48
...
...
...
...
...
4
4
4
4
4
SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex
SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex
SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
EXXX(X)‐15
EXXX(X)‐16
EXXX(X)‐17
E(X)XX15‐X
E(X)XX16‐X
...
...
...
...
...
4
4
4
4
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
SFA-5.5
E(X)XX18‐X
E(X)XX18M
E(X)XX18M1
E(X)XX45
...
...
...
...
5
5
5
SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex
SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex
SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex
EXXX(X)‐15
EXXX(X)‐16
EXXX(X)‐17
...
...
...
6
6
6
6
6
SFA-5.2
SFA-5.9
SFA-5.17
SFA-5.18
SFA-5.20
All
All
All
All
All
classifications
classifications
classifications
classifications
classifications
...
...
...
...
...
6
6
6
6
6
SFA-5.22
SFA-5.23
SFA-5.25
SFA-5.26
SFA-5.28
All
All
All
All
All
classifications
classifications
classifications
classifications
classifications
...
...
...
...
...
6
SFA-5.29
All classifications
...
162
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
1
1
1
1
1
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STEEL ELECTRODES AND RODS FOR GAS SHIELDED
ARC WELDING
ASME BPVC.II.C-2015
SFA-5.18/SFA-5.18M
TABLE 1
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR SOLID ELECTRODES AND RODS
AWS Classificationb
A5.18
A5.18M
UNSc
Number
Weight Percenta
C
Mn
Si
0.40
to
0.70
ER70S-2
ER48S-2
—
K10726
—
0.07
—
0.90
to
1.40
ER70S-3
ER48S-3
—
K11022
—
0.06
to
0.15
0.90
to
1.40
ER70S-4
ER48S-4
—
K11132
—
0.06
to
0.15
ER70S-6
ER48S-6
—
K11140
—
ER70S-7
ER48S-7
—
K11125
—
ER70S-G
ER48S-G
—
P
S
Ni
Cr
Mo
V
Cud
Ti
Zr
Al
0.02
to
0.12
0.05
to
0.15
0.025
—
0.035
—
0.15
—
0.15
—
0.15
—
0.03
—
0.50
—
0.05
to
0.15
0.45
to
0.75
0.025
0.035
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.50
—
—
—
1.00
to
1.50
0.65
to
0.85
0.025
0.035
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.50
—
—
—
0.06
to
0.15
1.40
to
1.85
0.80
to
1.15
0.025
0.035
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.50
—
—
—
0.07
to
0.15
1.50
to
2.00e
0.50
to
0.80
0.025
0.035
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.03
0.50
—
—
—
Not Specifiedf
2.4 ISO Specification. 4 The following ISO standard
is referenced in the mandatory sections of this document.
(a) ISO 544, Welding consumables—Technical delivery
conditions for welding filler metals—Type of product,
dimensions, tolerances and markings
properties of the weld metal as specified in Tables 2, 3,
and 4 and the shielding gas employed.
3.1M The solid electrodes (and rods) covered by the
A5.18M specification utilize a classification system based
upon the International System of Units (SI) and are classified according to the chemical composition of the electrode,
as specified in Table 1, and the mechanical properties of the
weld metal, as specified in Tables 3 and 4. The composite
stranded electrodes and composite metal cored electrodes
covered by this specification also utilize a classification
system based upon the International System of Units (SI)
and are classified according to the chemical composition
and mechanical properties of the weld metal as specified
in Tables 2, 3, and 4 and the shielding gas employed.
3.
Classification
3.1 The solid electrodes (and rods) covered by the
A5.18 specification utilize a classification system based
upon U.S. Customary Units and are classified according
to the chemical composition of the electrode, as specified
in Table 1, and the as-welded mechanical properties of the
weld metal, as specified in Tables 3 and 4. The composite
stranded electrodes and composite metal cored electrodes
covered by this specification also utilize a classification
system based upon U.S. Customary Units and are classified
according to the chemical composition and mechanical
3.2 Electrodes and rods classified under one classification shall not be classified under any other classification
in this specification, except that composite stranded electrodes or composite metal cored electrodes classified as
E70C-XC [E48C-XC] may also be classified as E70C-XM
[E48C-XM], or vice versa, provided the product meets the
requirements of both classifications.
4
ISO standards are published by the International Organization for
Standardization, 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva
20, Switzerland.
481
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:14:57 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
NOTES:
a. Single values are maximum.
b. The letter “N” as a suffix to a classification indicates that the weld metal is intended for the corc belt region of nuclear reactor vessels, as
described in the Annex to the specification. This suffix changes the limits on the phosphorus and copper as follows:
P p0.012% maximum
Cup0.08% maximum
c. SAE HS-1086/ASTM DS-56, Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System.
d. Copper due to any coating on the electrode or rod plus the copper content of the filler metal itself, shall not exceed the stated 0.50% max.
e. In this classification, the maximum Mn may exceed 2.0%. If it does, the maximum C must be reduced 0.01% for each 0.05% increase in
Mn or part thereof.
f. Chemical requirements are not specified but there shall be no intentional addition of Ni, Cr, Mo, or V. Composition shall be reported.
Requirements are those agreed to by the purchaser and the supplier.
No fu
ASME BPVC.II.C-2015
TABLE 2
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR WELD METAL FROM COMPOSITE ELECTRODES
AWS Classificationa
A5.18
A5.18M
UNS
Numberb
Weight Percentd
Shielding Gasc
C
Mn
Si
S
P
Nic
Cre
Moe
Vc
Cu
Multiple Pass Classifications
E70C-3X
E48C-3X
W07703
75-80% Ar/Balance
CO2 or CO2
0.12
1.75
0.90
0.03
0.03
0.50
0.20
0.30
0.08
0.50
E70C-6X
E48C-6X
W07706
75-80% Ar/Balance
CO2 or CO2
0.12
1.75
0.90
0.03
0.03
0.50
0.20
0.30
0.08
0.50
E70C-G(X)
E48C-G(X)
—
f
Not Specifiedg
—
f
Not Specifiedh
Single Pass Classifications
E70C-GS(X)
E48C-GS(X)
NOTES:
a. The final X shown in the classification represents a “C” or “M” which corresponds to the shielding gas with which the electrode is classified.
The use of “C” designates 100% CO2 shielding (AWS A5.32 Class SG-C). “M” designates 75-80% Ar/balance CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class
SG-AC-Y, where Y is 20 to 25). For E70C-G [E48C-G] and E70C-GS [E48C-GS], the final “C” or “M” may be omitted if these gases are
not used for classification.
b. SAE HS-1086/ASTM DS-56, Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System.
c. Use of a shielding gas other than that specified will result in different weld metal composition.
d. Single values are maximums.
e. The sum of Ni, Cr, Mo, and V shall not exceed 0.50%.
f. Shielding gas shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier, unless designated by the C or M suffix.
g. Composition shall be reported; the requirements are those agreed to between purchaser and supplier.
h. The composition of weld metal from this classification is not specified since electrodes of this classification are intended only for single pass
welds. Dilution, in such welds, usually is quite high.
TABLE 3
TENSION TEST REQUIREMENTS (AS WELDED)
Yield Strengthb
(minimum)
A5.18
A5.18M
Shielding Gas
psi
MPa
psi
MPa
ER70S-2
ER70S-3
ER70S-4
ER70S-6
ER70S-7
ER48S-2
ER48S-3
ER48S-4
ER48S-6
ER48S-7
CO2c
70 000
480
58 000
400
22
ER70S-G
ER48S-G
E70C-3X
E70C-6X
E48C-3X
E48C-6X
d
70 000
480
58 000
400
22
75-80% Ar/balance CO2
or CO2
E70C-G(X)
70 000
480
58 000
400
22
E48C-G(X)
d
70 000
480
58 000
400
22
E70C-GS(X)
E48C-GS(X)
d
70 000
480
Not Specified
Not Specified
NOTES:
a. The final X shown in the classification represents a “C” or “M” which corresponds to the shielding gas with which the electrode is classified.
The use of “C” designates 100% CO2 shielding (AWS A5.32 Class SG-C); “M” designates 75-80% Ar/balance CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class,
SG-AC-Y, where Y is 20 of 25). For E70C-G [E48C-G] and E70C-GS [E48C-GS], the final “C” or “M” may be omitted.
b. Yield strength at 0.2% offset and elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] gage length (or 1.4 in. [36 mm] gage length for the 0.350 in. [9.0 mm] tensile
specimen recommended in A4.2 for the optional in A4.2 for the optional acceptance test using gas tungsten arc).
c. CO2 p carbon dioxide shielding gas (AWS A5.32 Class SG-C). The use of CO2 for classification purposes shall not be construed to preclude
the use of Ar/CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y) or Ar/O2 (AWS A5.32 Class SG-AO-X) shielding gas mixtures. A filler metal tested with gas
blends, such as Ar/O2, or Ar/CO2 may result in weld metal having higher strength and lower elongation. Testing with 100% argon shielding
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-A) is required when classification testing is based on GTAW only (see A4.2 in Annex A).
d. Shielding gas shall be as agreed to between purchaser and supplier, unless designated by the C or M suffix.
482
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:14:57 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
Tensile Strength
(minimum)
Elongationb
Percent
(minimum)
AWS Classificationa
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
SFA-5.18/SFA-5.18M
No fu
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y) as the shielding gas or with
CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class SG-C) alone. The penetration of
such welds is greater with CO2 than it is with argon-CO2
mixtures. Mixtures of 50 to 80% argon with CO2 remainder
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y, where Y is 20 to 50) can
be advantageous for thin material. However shielding gas
mixtures of 50% to 70% argon with CO2 remainder (AWS
A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y, where Y is 30 to 50) are unstable
in the gaseous state and must be mixed from single gas
components immediately prior to use. They provide low
penetration, higher short circuiting rates, and lower minimum currents and voltages than CO2 alone does. This can
be an advantage in welding thin plate.
SFA-5.18/SFA-5.18M
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-C) shielding gas or with mixtures
of argon and oxygen (AWS A5.32 Class SG-AO-X) or
argon and carbon dioxide (AWS A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y).
However, these electrodes do require a higher level of
oxidation than the previously described electrodes when
using either binary or ternary argon shielding gas mixtures
per the AWS A5.32 specification. Typical base metal specifications are often the same as those for the ER70S-2
[ER48S-2] classification.
A7.5 ER70S-7 [ER48S-7]. Electrodes and rods of the
ER70S-7 [ER48S-7] classification are intended for singleand multiple-pass welding. They may permit welding with
higher travel speeds compared with ER70S-3 filler metals.
They also provide somewhat better wetting action and bead
appearance when compared with those filler metals. These
electrodes permit the use of higher current ranges with
either CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class SG-C) shielding gas or with
mixtures of argon and oxygen (AWS A5.32 Class SGAO-X) or argon and carbon dioxide (AWS A5.32 Class
SG-AC-Y). However, these electrodes do require a higher
level of oxidation (more CO2 or O2) like the previously
described electrode when using either binary or ternary
argon shielding gas mixtures per the AWS A5.32 specification. Typical base metal specifications are often the same
as those for the ER70S-2 [ER48S-2] classifications.
A7.6 ER70S-G [ER48S-G] and E70C-G [E48C-G].
Electrodes and rods of the ER70S-G [ER48S-G] and electrodes of the E70C-G [E48C-G] classifications are those
filler metals not included in the preceding classes and for
which only certain mechanical property requirements are
specified. Electrodes of the E70C-G [E48C-G] classification may be classified with either CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class
SG-C) or 75–80% Ar/balance CO2 (AWS A5.32 Class
SG-AC-Y, where Y is 20 to 25) as shown by the “C” or
“M” suffix. Absence of the C or M suffix means that the
shielding gas used for testing was not one of the above
AWS classes and the electrode manufacturer should be
consulted for the recommended shielding gas to be used.
The electrodes are intended for both single-and multiplepass applications. The filler metal supplier should be consulted for the composition, properties, characteristics, and
intended use of these classifications (see A2.3 for further
information).
A7.2 ER70S-3 [ER48S-3]. Electrodes and rods of the
ER70S-3 [ER48S-3] classification are intended for welding
single-pass and multi-pass welds. Typical base metal specifications are often the same as those for the ER70S-2
[ER48S-2] classification. Electrodes of the ER70S-3
[ER48S-3] classification are the most widely used of the
GMAW electrodes classified under this specification.
A7.3 ER70S-4 [ER48S-4]. Electrodes and rods of the
ER70S-4 [ER48S-4] classification are intended for welding
steel where conditions require more deoxidation than is
provided by the ER70S-3 [ER48S-3] filler metal. Typical
base metal specifications are often the same as those for
the ER70S-2 [ER48S-2] classification. This classification
does not require impact testing.
A7.7 E70C-GS [E48C-GS]. Electrodes of the E70CGS [E48C-GS] classification are composite stranded or
metal cored electrodes intended for only single-pass applications. The electrodes may be classified with either CO2
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-C) or 75–80% Ar/balance CO2
(AWS A5.32 Class SG-AC-Y, where Y is 20 to 25) as
shown by the “C” or “M” suffix. Absence of the C or M
suffix means that the shielding gas used for testing was
not one of the above AWS classes and the electrode manufacturer should be consulted for the recommended
A7.4 ER70S-6 [ER48S-6]. Electrodes and rods of the
ER70S-6 [ER48S-6] classification are intended for both
single- and multiple-pass welding. They are especially
suited for sheet metal applications, where smooth weld
beads are desired, and structural and plate steels that have
moderate amounts of rust or mill scale. These electrodes
permit the use of higher current ranges with either CO2
501
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A7. Description and Intended Use of Electrodes and
Rods
A7.1 ER70S-2 [ER48S-2]. Electrodes and rods of the
ER70S-2 [ER48S-2] classification are primarily used for
single-pass welding of killed, semi-killed, and rimmed
steels, but may be used for some multipass applications.
Because of the added deoxidants, these filler metals can
be used for welding steels that have a rusty or dirty surface,
with a possible sacrifice of weld quality depending on the
condition of the surface. ER70S-2 [ER48S-2] filler metals
are used extensively to produce high quality, high toughness welds with the GTAW process. These filler metals
are also well suited for use in single side, melt through
welding without a protective root shielding gas on the
backside of the joint. Typical specifications for these steels
are ASTM A 36, A 285-C, A 515-55, and A 516-70,
which have UNS numbers K02600, K02801, K02001, and
K02700, respectively.
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.II.C-2015
No fu
QW-440
QW-441
WELD METAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
GENERAL
Identification of weld metal chemical composition designated on the PQR and WPS shall be as given in QW-404.5.
ð15Þ
Table QW-442
A-Numbers
Classification of Ferrous Weld Metal Analysis for Procedure Qualification
Analysis, % [Note (1)] and [Note (2)]
A‐No.
Types of Weld Deposit
C
Cr
Mo
Ni
Mn
Si
1
Mild Steel
0.20
0.20
0.30
0.50
1.60
1.0
2
Carbon‐Molybdenum
0.15
0.50
0.40–0.65
0.50
1.60
1.0
3
4
5
Chrome (0.4% to 2%)‐Molybdenum
Chrome (2% to 4%)‐Molybdenum
Chrome (4% to 10.5%)‐Molybdenum
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.40–2.00
2.00–4.00
4.00–10.5
0.40–0.65
0.40–1.50
0.40–1.50
0.50
0.50
0.80
1.60
1.60
1.20
1.0
2.0
2.0
6
Chrome‐Martensitic
0.15
11.0–15.0
0.70
0.80
2.00
1.0
7
Chrome‐Ferritic
0.15
11.0–30.0
1.00
0.80
1.00
3.0
8
9
Chromium‐Nickel
Chromium‐Nickel
0.15
0.30
14.5–30.0
19.0–30.0
4.00
6.00
7.50–15.0
15.0–37.0
2.50
2.50
1.0
1.0
10
Nickel to 4%
0.15
0.50
0.55
0.80–4.00
1.70
1.0
11
Manganese‐Molybdenum
0.17
0.50
0.25–0.75
0.85
1.25–2.25
1.0
12
Nickel–Chrome—Molybdenum
0.15
1.50
0.25–0.80
1.25–2.80
0.75–2.25
1.0
172
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NOTES:
(1) Single values shown above are maximum.
(2) Only listed elements are used to determine A-numbers.
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
QW-450
QW-451
SPECIMENS
PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION THICKNESS LIMITS AND TEST SPECIMENS
Table QW-451.1
Groove-Weld Tension Tests and Transverse-Bend Tests
Range of Thickness T of
Base Metal, Qualified,
in. (mm)
[Note (1)] and [Note (2)]
Thickness T of Test
Coupon, Welded,
in. (mm)
Min.
Max.
Maximum Thickness t of
Deposited Weld Metal,
Qualified, in. (mm)
[Note (1)] and [Note (2)]
Type and Number of Tests Required (Tension and
Guided‐Bend Tests) [Note (2)]
Tension,
QW-150
Side Bend,
QW-160
Face
Bend,
QW-160
Root
Bend,
QW-160
Less than 1/16 (1.5)
T
2T
2t
2
...
2
2
1
1
/16 (1.5)
2T
2t
2
[Note (5)]
2
2
3
/16 (5)
2T
2t
2
[Note (5)]
2
2
3
/4 (19) to less than 11/2 (38)
/4 (19) to less than 11/2 (38)
3
3
3
/16 (5)
/16 (5)
2T
2T
2t when t < 3/4 (19)
2T when t ≥ 3/4 (19)
2 [Note (4)]
2 [Note (4)]
4
4
...
...
...
...
11/2 (38) to 6 (150), incl.
3
/16 (5)
8 (200) [Note (3)]
2 [Note (4)]
4
...
...
1 /2 (38) to 6 (150), incl.
3
/16 (5)
8 (200) [Note (3)]
2t when t < 3/4 (19)
8 (200) [Note (3)] when
t ≥ 3/4 (19)
2 [Note (4)]
4
...
...
Over 6 (150) [Note (6)]
Over 6 (150) [Note (6)]
3
1.33T
1.33T
2t when t < 3/4(19)
1.33T when t ≥ 3/4 (19)
2 [Note (4)]
2 [Note (4)]
4
4
...
...
...
...
3
/16 to /8 (1.5 to 10), incl.
3
Over /8 (10), but less than
3
/4 (19)
1
/16 (5)
/16 (5)
3
173
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
NOTES:
(1) The following variables further restrict the limits shown in this table when they are referenced in QW-250 for the process under consideration: QW-403.9, QW-403.10, QW-404.32, and QW-407.4. Also, QW-202.2, QW-202.3, and QW-202.4 provide exemptions that
supersede the limits of this table.
(2) For combination of welding procedures, see QW-200.4.
(3) For the SMAW, SAW, GMAW, PAW, and GTAW welding processes only; otherwise per Note (1) or 2T , or 2t , whichever is applicable.
(4) see QW-151.1, QW-151.2, and QW-151.3 for details on multiple specimens when coupon thicknesses are over 1 in. (25 mm).
(5) Four side‐bend tests may be substituted for the required face‐ and root‐bend tests, when thickness T is 3/8 in. (10 mm) and over.
(6) For test coupons over 6 in. (150 mm) thick, the full thickness of the test coupon shall be welded.
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
N9NIV\f\r\IDf-',OR '/
\rJS~j»):N Cn
VUAYTANlll V1111ll1lD.
&
APp~Y\ij)rx - 1)
BRA Z TN OJ
t=O f2.1'V1 S
VIJAY TANKS & VESSELS LIMITED,
t~':===~~~~~~~~~~~~~toR~b
PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONS
'/. _
Company Name: V1JAY TANKS & VESSELS L TD,
Welding Procedure Specification No.
: 3050-04 Rev. 0
Date: 23.10.2008
Supporting PaR No.(s)
: R 261-01 Rev. 0
Date: 08.03.2004
Welding Process(es)
: GTAW+SMAW
Type(s): Manual
JOINTS
Joint deslgJ : As per Approved Construction Drawing
Backing: NoforGTAW
: YesforSMAW
Backing Material (Type) :Weld metal (Groove) I Base Metal (Fillet)
Root Spacing : As per Approved Construction Drawing
Retainers : Not allowed.
For weld joint conftgratlon refer approved production drawing I weld map
BASE
P.No. : 1
Group No. : All
to
P.No.: 1
ASlV\ I? - I ')<. .
Group No. : All
OR
~_ _ _ __ __ _ __
:I
Specification type & grade
to Specification type & grade
OR
Chern. Analysis & Mec:h prop
Chem.analysis & mec:h. prop.
Th~ra~
10
()
Ch 12..rC\ICa. , 1,°1'
: -
- - - -- --jM
f ILC-I--Ia.YI" c:.a.\
f'<ot'
)MIV'\[: - I X
GW-
A SM EO _J1A
-rr "
YV'\ E -Von
AS
Base metal
: Groove: 5 mm to 40 mm
Fillet: All
A"ME-IX MZJ
"Ipo 0Ia Range
: GJ'OCMI -All
Fillet: All
AS !VI E: - I 'f..
ThIckness per pass > 13rnm
: I pass < 13mm
~w
u
-NA-
Others
FILLER MI:'fALS[IGm
~ Abw\E: .llC.
Spec. No. (SFA-l.
: SFA 5.18+SFA5.1
AWS No.(CIass).
FUIer Metal F No.
: ER 7OS2(GTAW), E-7018(SMAW)
: 6+ 4
Weld Metal A - No.
:1
Size of Fier MeIaIs
: DIa.2.5. 3.15 & ".1lIlmm
Weld MetaI:- Thlckne&s Range
: Gr'o<MI: "'-""!!.!!!!""'-'''-'-''''''-'~.!!.!U!~~~
EJaude FUc (Class)
Aux Trade Name
: -NA. : - NA-
ConsmlsbIe InseIt
: -NA-
Others
: -NA-
r '
.
>A.s"'1E.-I)t
--"!ASIV\E-IX
6.w -4-32.
aW-M-2
filet: AI
~~ A.sVV\E- IX 6!vV-451
2.2-
WPS No. : 3050-04 Rev.O
POSITION
(QW.· 405)
"S '" E l'i3 I ' 3
16 'C Min. 'T<>.b Ill... 3,31: .\ • I
PRE HEAT (QW. 406)
Posltion(s) of Groove
: All
Preheat Temp (Min)
:
Welding Progression
: Uphin
Interpass temp (max)
: tSO'Cmax
Positions of Fi!let
: All
Preheat
Type of Heat Treatment
: Stress Releavlog
soaking
r1ffi9 Range(Hrs)
Shielding
V\lA-32-
.
A6B-1 E-6 '3) .3
'Jci,bl~-3 3 I- I " J
: 1 Hrl inch thick
Rate of Heating
: 9O'C/Hr
:90'C/Hr
Rate 01 CooIng
(ON. 408) 5\=A ·5·3 2. % Composition
.vJ
():5~5b
: 6OO'Co 6SO'C
Socking Temp.Raoge'C
GAS
A.S'·V) E - VIII
~
: • NA. N·M·A p'P<>'nd,' >r f-
Others
POST WEU> HEAT TREATMENT( QW, 4011
I\bl'Vlf - VIII
: .NA.
Malntenance
---
Gas(es)
Mixture
Flow Rate
·NA·
99.90%
9tol1 LPM
. .. .. ..
Trailing
.. . - - .... . -. . - -,
Backing
-
_-.--
_-
·NA·
.
.. ...
. . ....
- ---- . .- -- ·NA·
·NA·
.
L _ ... . _
. ..
_-_._·NA·
·NA·
..
·NA·
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (QW.J~
CUrrent (AC or DC )
:
DC
Polarity
Amps
:
As per table
Volts (Range)
: EN (GTAW)+ EP (SMAW)
: As per table
Tungsten Electrode Size & Type
: 2.41Ml dis & EWTH-2 (2% Thoriated)
Mode 01 Metal Transfef for GMAW
: . NA-
Electrode W"e feed & speed range
: . NA·
Pulsing Current
: • NA·
-
N,1V1E-lIc..
SFA-5~\2..
.
TECHNIQUE (QW .
41.)
String or Weave Bead
: StrIng I Weave ·Weavlng should not be more than 3 times of electrode dla.
OrIfIce or Gas Cup SIze
: • NA·
Multiple or Single ElecIrodes
: SIngle
Multiple or Single Pass (per side)
: Multiple
Initial & Interpass 0earW1g.
: WIra brus~ & grinding (Remove .. traces 01 011. grease etc .. from and around weld seam)
Method of Back GougIng
: .NA-
Peening
: • NA·
..../
\} olt!,
p.,bWI G.::U: C'\.
: ·NA-
Others
Aller Molal
Weld
Process
Layer(s)
Gl'AW
Gl'AW
$MAW
SlAAW
$MAW
SllAW
Root
HoI Pass
FiJ.up
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VIJAYTANKS&
Name
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Procedure Qualification Record No. R261- 01
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GUIDE BEND TEST (QW·l60)
(mm')
chara~:.:~:~ilure &
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-NA-NAFILLET WELD TESTi(QW-llO) .
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110-120
WE CERTIFY tHAT THE STATEMENTS IN'THIS RECORD ARE CORRECT AND tHAT THE TEST WELDS WERE PREPAI\ED,
WELDED It. TESTED IN ACcOlwANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENtS Of ASME SECTION IX . .
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ACCREDIATED' lABORATORY FOR .CHUlICAL8 . ~ . IIECHANIOAL TEsnliG
QW-152
TENSION TEST PROCEDURE
surface of the bent specimen. Transverse side‐bend test
specimens shall conform to the dimensions shown in
Figure QW-462.2.
Specimens of base metal thickness equal to or greater
than 11/2 in. (38 mm) may be cut into approximately equal
strips between 3/4 in. (19 mm) and 11/2 in. (38 mm) wide
for testing, or the specimens may be bent at full width
(see requirements on jig width in Figure QW-466.1).
When the width of the weld is so large that a bend specimen cannot be bent so that the entire weld and heat affected zones are within the bent portion, multiple
specimens across the entire weld and heat affected zones
shall be used.
If multiple specimens are used in either situation
above, one complete set shall be made for each required
test. Each specimen shall be tested and meet the requirements in QW-163.
The tension test specimen shall be ruptured under tensile load. The tensile strength shall be computed by dividing the ultimate total load by the least cross‐sectional area
of the specimen as calculated from actual measurements
made before the load is applied.
QW-153
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA — TENSION
TESTS
QW-160
QW-161
QW-161.2 Transverse Face Bend. The weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is
bent so that the face surface becomes the convex surface
of the bent specimen. Transverse face‐bend test specimens shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure
QW-462.3(a). For subsize transverse face bends, see
QW-161.4.
QW-161.3 Transverse Root Bend. The weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is
bent so that the root surface becomes the convex surface
of the bent specimen. Transverse root‐bend test specimens shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure
QW-462.3(a). For subsize transverse root bends, see
QW-161.4.
QW-161.4 Subsize Transverse Face and Root Bends.
Bend specimens taken from small diameter pipe coupons
may be subsized in accordance with General Note (b) of
Figure QW-462.3(a).
QW-161.5 Longitudinal-Bend Tests. Longitudinal‐
bend tests may be used in lieu of the transverse side‐
bend, face‐bend, and root‐bend tests for testing weld metal or base metal combinations, which differ markedly in
bending properties between
(a) the two base metals, or
(b) the weld metal and the base metal
GUIDED-BEND TESTS
SPECIMENS
Guided‐bend test specimens shall be prepared by cutting the test plate or pipe to form specimens of approximately rectangular cross section. The cut surfaces shall
be designated the sides of the specimen. The other two
surfaces shall be called the face and root surfaces, the face
surface having the greater width of weld. The specimen
thickness and bend radius are shown in Figures
QW-466.1, QW-466.2, and QW-466.3. Guided‐bend specimens are of five types, depending on whether the axis of
the weld is transverse or parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the specimen, and which surface (side, face, or root) is
on the convex (outer) side of bent specimen. The five
types are defined as follows.
QW-161.6 Longitudinal Face Bend. The weld is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is bent
so that the face surface becomes the convex surface of the
bent specimen. Longitudinal face‐bend test specimens
shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure
QW-462.3(b).
QW-161.7 Longitudinal Root Bend. The weld is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is bent
so that the root surface becomes the convex side of the
bent specimen. Longitudinal root‐bend test specimens
shall conform to the dimensions shown in Figure
QW-462.3(b).
QW-161.1 Transverse Side Bend. The weld is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the specimen, which is
bent so that one of the side surfaces becomes the convex
18
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
QW-153.1 Tensile Strength. Minimum values for procedure qualification are provided under the column heading “Minimum Specified Tensile, ksi” of Table
QW/QB-422. In order to pass the tension test, the specimen shall have a tensile strength that is not less than
(a) the minimum specified tensile strength of the base
metal; or
(b) the minimum specified tensile strength of the
weaker of the two, if base metals of different minimum
tensile strengths are used; or
(c) the minimum specified tensile strength of the weld
metal when the applicable Section provides for the use of
weld metal having lower room temperature strength than
the base metal;
(d) if the specimen breaks in the base metal outside of
the weld or weld interface, the test shall be accepted as
meeting the requirements, provided the strength is not
more than 5% below the minimum specified tensile
strength of the base metal.
(e) the specified minimum tensile strength is for full
thickness specimens including cladding for Aluminum Alclad materials (P‐No. 21 through P‐No. 23) less than 1/2 in.
(13 mm). For Aluminum Alclad materials 1/2 in. (13 mm)
and greater, the specified minimum tensile strength is
for both full thickness specimens that include cladding
and specimens taken from the core.
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
QW-162
GUIDED-BEND TEST PROCEDURE
QW-171.3 Location and Orientation of Test Specimen. The impact test specimen and notch location and orientation shall be as given in the Section requiring such
tests.
When qualifying pipe in the 5G or 6G position, the
notch‐toughness specimens shall be removed from the
shaded portion of Figure QW-463.1(f).
QW-162.1 Jigs. Guided‐bend specimens shall be bent
in test jigs that are in substantial accordance with
QW‐466. When using the jigs illustrated in Figure
QW-466.1 or Figure QW-466.2, the side of the specimen
turned toward the gap of the jig shall be the face for face‐
bend specimens, the root for root‐bend specimens, and
the side with the greater discontinuities, if any, for side‐
bend specimens. The specimen shall be forced into the
die by applying load on the plunger until the curvature
of the specimen is such that a 1/8 in. (3 mm) diameter wire
cannot be inserted between the specimen and the die of
Figure QW-466.1, or the specimen is bottom ejected if
the roller type of jig (Figure QW-466.2) is used.
When using the wrap around jig (Figure QW-466.3),
the side of the specimen turned toward the roller shall
be the face for face‐bend specimens, the root for root‐
bend specimens, and the side with the greater discontinuities, if any, for side‐bend specimens.
When specimens wider than 11/2 in. (38 mm) are to be
bent as permitted in Figure QW-462.2, the test jig mandrel must be at least 1/4 in. (6 mm) wider than the specimen width.
QW-163
QW-172
QW-172.1 General. Drop-weight tests shall be made ð15Þ
when required by referencing codes. Test procedures
and apparatus shall conform to the requirements of the
referencing code. When not specified by the referencing
code, the test procedures and apparatus shall conform
to the requirements of ASTM specification E208.
QW-172.2 Acceptance. The acceptance criteria shall
be in accordance with that Section requiring drop weight
tests.
QW-172.3 Location and Orientation of Test Specimen. The drop weight test specimen, the crack starter location, and the orientation shall be as given in the Section
requiring such tests.
When qualifying pipe in the 5G or 6G position, the
notch‐toughness specimens shall be removed from the
shaded portion of Figure QW-463.1(f).
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA — BEND TESTS
QW-171
ð15Þ
QW-180
QW-181
FILLET-WELD TESTS
PROCEDURE AND PERFORMANCE
QUALIFICATION SPECIMENS
QW-181.1 Procedure. The dimensions and preparation of the fillet‐weld test coupon for procedure qualification as required in QW-202 shall conform to the
r e qu i r e m e nts i n F i g u r e Q W - 4 6 2 . 4 ( a) o r F i g u r e
QW-462.4(d). The test coupon for plate‐to‐plate shall be
cut transversely to provide five test specimen sections,
each approximately 2 in. (50 mm) long. For pipe‐to‐plate
or pipe‐to‐pipe, the test coupon shall be cut transversely
to provide four approximately equal test specimen sections. The test specimens shall be macro‐examined to
the requirements of QW-183.
NOTCH-TOUGHNESS TESTS
NOTCH-TOUGHNESS TESTS — CHARPY
V-NOTCH
QW-181.1.1 Production Assembly Mockups. Production assembly mockups may be used in lieu of
QW-181.1. The mockups for plate‐to‐shape shall be cut
transversely to provide five approximately equal test specimens not to exceed approximately 2 in. (50 mm) in
length. For pipe‐to‐shape mockups, the mockup shall be
cut transversely to provide four approximately equal test
specimens. For small mockups, multiple mockups may be
required to obtain the required number of test specimens.
The test specimens shall be macro‐examined to the requirements of QW-183.
QW-171.1 General. Charpy V-notch impact tests shall
be made when required by referencing codes. Test procedures and apparatus shall conform to the requirements of
the referencing code. When not specified by the referencing code, the test procedures and apparatus shall conform to the requirements of SA-370.
QW-171.2 Acceptance. The acceptance criteria shall
be in accordance with that Section specifying impact
requirements.
19
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
The weld and heat‐affected zone of a transverse weld‐
bend specimen shall be completely within the bent portion of the specimen after testing.
The guided‐bend specimens shall have no open discontinuity in the weld or heat‐affected zone exceeding 1/8 in.
(3 mm), measured in any direction on the convex surface
of the specimen after bending. Open discontinuities occurring on the corners of the specimen during testing
shall not be considered unless there is definite evidence
that they result from lack of fusion, slag inclusions, or
other internal discontinuities. For corrosion‐resistant
weld overlay cladding, no open discontinuity exceeding
1
/16 in. (1.5 mm), measured in any direction, shall be permitted in the cladding, and no open discontinuity exceeding 1/8 in. (3 mm) shall be p ermitted along the
approximate weld interface.
QW-170
NOTCH-TOUGHNESS TESTS — DROP
WEIGHT
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
Figure QW-462.13
Measurement of Temper Bead Overlap
Direction of
bead sequence
a
b
Overlap length
GENERAL NOTE: Measurement of bead overlap – % overlap length = (a − b)/a × 100%. In this figure, the shaded bead overlaps previous
bead by 30% to 40%. The distance a is measured before the next bead is deposited.
Figure QW-463.1(b)
Plates — 3/4 in. (19 mm) and Over Thickness
and Alternate From 3/8 in. (10 mm) but Less
Than 3/4 in. (19 mm) Thickness Procedure
Qualification
Figure QW-463.1(a)
Plates — Less Than 3/4 in. (19 mm)
Thickness Procedure Qualification
207
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
TEST SPECIMEN LOCATION
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
Figure QW-462.1(a)
Tension — Reduced Section — Plate
Weld reinforcement shall be
machined flush with base
metal. Machine minimum
amount to obtain approx.
parallel surfaces.
y
Distortion
Cold straightening
of the test coupon
is permitted prior
to removal of weld
reinforcement
1/ in.
4
(6 mm)
Length sufficient
to extend into grip
equal to two-thirds
grip length
These edges may
be thermally cut
W
x
10 in. (250 mm) or as required
1/ in.
4
Edge of widest
face of weld
1/ in.
4
1/ in.
4
(6 mm)
(6 mm)
(6 mm)
1i
)
mm
(25
n. in.
Rm
Parallel length equals
widest width of weld
plus 1/2 in. (13 mm)
added length
This section machined
preferably by milling
1 in
.(
R m 25 mm
in.
)
Grind or machine the minimum
amount needed to obtain plane
parallel faces over the reduced
section W. No more material
than is needed to perform the
test shall be removed.
y
10 in. (250 mm) or
as required
1/ in.
4
(6 mm)
Edge of widest
face of weld
W
x
On ferrous material
these edges may
be thermally cut
1/ in.
4
(6 mm)
1/ in.
4
(6 mm)
187
1/ in.
4
This section machined
preferably by milling
(6 mm)
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
Figure QW-462.1(b)
Tension — Reduced Section — Pipe
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
TEST SPECIMEN DIMENSIONS
No fu
ð15Þ
Figure QW-462.2
Side Bend
(1a) For procedure qualification of materials other than P-No. 1 in Table QW/QB-422
if the surfaces of the side bend test specimens are gas cut, removal by
machining or grinding of not less than 1/8 in. (3 mm) from the surface
shall be required.
(1b) Such removal is not required for P-No. 1 materials, but any resulting
roughness shall be dressed by machining or grinding.
(2) For performance qualification of all materials in Table QW/QB-422, if the surfaces of
side bend tests are gas cut, any resulting roughness shall be dressed by
machining or grinding.
1/
8 in.
(3 mm) min.
R1 = 1/8 in.
(3 mm) max.
6 in. (150 mm) or as required
w
T, in. (mm)
w, in. (mm)
y, in. (mm)
T
[Note (1)]
Notes (1)
and (2)
1/
8 (3)
3/ (10)
8
1/
8 (3)
3/ (10)
8
y
T
GENERAL NOTE: Weld reinforcement and backing strip or backing ring, if any, may be removed flush with the surface of the specimen.
Thermal cutting, machining, or grinding may be employed. Cold straightening is permitted prior to removal of the reinforcement.
NOTES:
(1) When weld deposit t is less than coupon thickness T , side‐bend specimen thickness may be t .
(2) When coupon thickness T equals or exceeds 11/2 in. (38 mm), use one of the following:
(a) Cut specimen into multiple test specimens of thickness y of approximately equal dimensions 3/4 in. to 11/2 in. (19 mm to 38 mm).
y = tested specimen thickness when multiple specimens are taken from one coupon.
(b) The specimen may be bent at full width. See requirements on jig width in QW-466.1.
190
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x
P-No. 23,
All other
F-No. 23,
metals
F-No. 26, or
P-No. 35
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
ð15Þ
Figure QW-462.3(a)
Face and Root Bends — Transverse
6 in. (150 mm) or
as required
11/2 in. (38 mm)
R = 1/8 in. (3 mm)
max.
y
y
T
T
(Plate)
T
y
(Pipe)
Face-Bend Specimen — Plate and Pipe
6 in. (150 mm) or
as required
11/2 in. (38 mm)
R = 1/8 in. (3 mm)
max.
y
T
y T (Plate)
T
y
(Pipe)
Root-Bend Specimen — Plate and Pipe
Y , in. (mm)
1
/16 < 1/8 (1.5 < 3)
T
T
/8 (3)
T
1
/8 – 3/8 (3 – 10)
1
>3/8 (10)
1
/8 (3)
3
/8 (10)
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Weld reinforcement and backing strip or backing ring, if any, may be removed flush with the surface of the specimen. If a recessed ring
is used, this surface of the specimen may be machined to a depth not exceeding the depth of the recess to remove the ring, except that
in such cases the thickness of the finished specimen shall be that specified above. Do not flame‐cut nonferrous material.
(b) If the pipe being tested has a diameter of NPS 4 (DN 100) or less, the width of the bend specimen may be 3/4 in. (19 mm) for pipe
diameters NPS 2 (DN 50) to and including NPS 4 (DN 100). The bend specimen width may be 3/8 in. (10 mm) for pipe diameters less
than NPS 2 (DN 50) down to and including NPS 3/8 (DN 10) and as an alternative, if the pipe being tested is equal to or less than NPS 1
(DN 25) pipe size, the width of the bend specimens may be that obtained by cutting the pipe into quarter sections, less an allowance for
saw cuts or machine cutting. These specimens cut into quarter sections are not required to have one surface machined flat as shown in
QW-462.3(a). Bend specimens taken from tubing of comparable sizes may be handled in a similar manner.
191
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T , in. (mm)
P-No. 23, F-No. 23, All Other
F-No. 26, or P-No. 35 Metals
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015
Table UCS-56-1
Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 1
Normal Holding
Temperature, °F (°C),
Minimum
Material
Minimum Holding Time at Normal Temperature for Nominal Thickness
[See UW-40(f)]
Up to 2 in. (50 mm)
Over 2 in. to 5 in.
(50 mm to 125 mm)
Over 5 in. (125 mm)
P‐No. 1 Gr. Nos. 1, 2, 3
1,100 (595)
1 hr/in. (25 mm), 15 min
minimum
2 hr plus 15 min for each
additional inch (25 mm)
over 2 in. (50 mm)
2 hr plus 15 min for
each additional inch
(25 mm) over 2 in.
(50 mm)
Gr. No. 4
NA
None
None
None
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) When it is impractical to postweld heat treat at the temperature specified in this Table, it is permissible to carry out the postweld
heat treatment at lower temperatures for longer periods of time in accordance with Table UCS-56.1.
(b) Postweld heat treatment is mandatory under the following conditions:
(1) for welded joints over 11/2 in. (38 mm) nominal thickness;
(2) for welded joints over 11/4 in. (32 mm) nominal thickness through 11/2 in. (38 mm) nominal thickness unless preheat is
applied at a minimum temperature of 200°F (95°C) during welding. This preheat need not be applied to SA-841 Grades A and
B, provided that the carbon content and carbon equivalent (CE) for the plate material, by heat analysis, do not exceed 0.14%
and 0.40%, respectively, where
curve, impact testing is not required by the rules of this
Division, except as required by (j) below and
UCS-67(a)(3) for weld metal. Components, such as shells,
heads, nozzles, manways, reinforcing pads, flanges, tubesheets, flat cover plates, backing strips which remain in
place, and attachments which are essential to the structural integrity of the vessel when welded to pressure retaining components, shall be treated as separate
components. Each component shall be evaluated for impact test requirements based on its individual material
classification, governing thickness as defined in (1) and
(2) below, and the minimum design metal temperature.
(1) The following governing thickness definitions apply when using Figure UCS-66:
(-a) Excluding castings, the governing thickness tg
of a welded part is as follows:
(-1) for butt joints except those in flat heads and
tubesheets, the nominal thickness of the thickest welded
joint [see Figure UCS-66.3 sketch (a)].
(-2) for corner, fillet, or lap welded joints, including attachments as defined above, the thinner of the
two parts joined.
(-3) for flat heads or tubesheets, the larger of
(-2) above or the flat component thickness divided by 4.
(-4) for welded assemblies comprised of more
than two components (e.g., nozzle‐to‐shell joint with reinforcing pad), the governing thickness and permissible
minimum design metal temperature of each of the individual welded joints of the assembly shall be determined,
and th e warmest o f t he mi nimu m d esign metal
166
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(3) for welded joints of all thicknesses if required by UW-2, except postweld heat treatment is not mandatory under the conditions specified below:
(a) for groove welds not over 1/2 in. (13 mm) size and fillet welds with a throat not over 1/2 in. (13 mm) that attach nozzle
connections that have a finished inside diameter not greater than 2 in. (50 mm), provided the connections do not form ligaments
that require an increase in shell or head thickness, and preheat to a minimum temperature of 200°F (95°C) is applied;
(b) for groove welds not over 1/2 in. (13 mm) in size or fillet welds with a throat thickness of 1/2 in. (13 mm) or less that attach
tubes to a tubesheet when the tube diameter does not exceed 2 in. (50 mm). A preheat of 200°F (95°C) minimum must be applied
when the carbon content of the tubesheet exceeds 0.22%.
(c) for groove welds not over 1/2 in. (13 mm) in size or fillet welds with a throat thickness of 1/2 in. (13 mm) or less used for
attaching nonpressure parts to pressure parts provided preheat to a minimum temperature of 200°F (95°C) is applied when the
thickness of the pressure part exceeds 11/4 in. (32 mm);
(d) for studs welded to pressure parts provided preheat to a minimum temperature of 200°F (95°C) is applied when the
thickness of the pressure part exceeds 11/4 in. (32 mm);
(e) for corrosion resistant weld metal overlay cladding or for welds attaching corrosion resistant applied lining (see UCL-34)
provided preheat to a minimum temperature of 200°F (95°C) is maintained during application of the first layer when the thickness
of the pressure part exceeds 11/4 in. (32 mm).
(c) NA = not applicable
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
UCS-66
No fu
ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R
PREHEATING
ð15Þ
R-3
Preheating may be employed during welding to assist
in completion of the welded joint. The need for and temperature of preheat are dependent on a number of factors,
such as the chemical analysis, degree of restraint of the
parts being joined, elevated physical properties, and heavy thicknesses. Mandatory rules for preheating are, therefore, not given in this Division except as required in the
General Notes that provide for exemptions to postweld
heat treatment in Tables UCS-56-1 through UCS-56-11
and Tables UHA-32-1 through UHA-32-7. Some practices
used for preheating are given below as a general guide for
the materials listed by P‐Numbers in Section IX. It is cautioned that the preheating temperatures listed below do
not necessarily insure satisfactory completion of the
welded joint and requirements for individual materials
within the P‐Number listing may have preheating more
or less restrictive than this general guide. The procedure
specification for the material being welded specifies the
minimum preheating requirements under Section IX weld
procedure qualification requirements.
The heat of welding may assist in maintaining preheat
temperatures after the start of welding and for inspection
purposes, temperature checks can be made near the weld.
The method or extent of application of preheat is not
therefore, specifically given. Normally when materials of
two different P‐Number groups are joined by welding,
the preheat used will be that of the material with the higher preheat specified on the procedure specified on the
procedure specification.
(a) 250°F (121°C) for material which has either a specified minimum tensile strength in excess of 60,000 psi
(410 MPa) or a thickness at the joint in excess of 1/2 in.
(13 mm);
(b) 50°F (10°C) for all other materials in this
P‐Number.
R-4
R-5
P-NO. 6 GROUP NOS. 1, 2, AND 3
400°F (204°C)
R-6
P-NO. 7 GROUP NOS. 1 AND 2
None
R-7
P-NO. 8 GROUP NOS. 1 AND 2
None
R-8
P-NO. 9 GROUPS
250°F (121°C) for P‐No. 9A Group No. 1 materials
300°F (149°C) for P‐No. 9B Group No. 1 materials
P-NO. 10 GROUPS
175°F (79°C) for P‐No. 10A Group No. 1 materials
250°F (121°C) for P‐No. 10B Group No. 2 materials
175°F (79°C) for P‐No. 10C Group No. 3 materials
250°F (121°C) for P‐No. 10F Group No. 6 materials
For P‐No. 10C Group No. 3 materials, preheat is neither
required nor prohibited, and consideration shall be given
to the limitation of interpass temperature for various
thicknesses to avoid detrimental effects on the mechanical properties of heat treated material.
For P‐No. 10D Group No. 4 and P‐No. 10I Group No. 1
materials, 300°F (149°C) with interpass temperature
maintained between 350°F and 450°F (177°C and 232°C)
P-NO. 1 GROUP NOS. 1, 2, AND 3
(a) 175°F (79°C) for material which has both a specified maximum carbon content in excess of 0.30% and a
thickness at the joint in excess of 1 in. (25 mm);
(b) 50°F (10°C) for all other materials in this
P‐Number.
R-2
P-NOS. 5A AND 5B GROUP NO. 1
(a) 400°F (204°C) for material which has either a specified minimum tensile strength in excess of 60,000 psi
(410 MPa), or has both a specified minimum chromium
content above 6.0% and a thickness at the joint in excess
of 1/2 in. (13 mm);
(b) 300°F (149°C) for all other materials in these
P‐Numbers.
R-9
R-1
P-NO. 4 GROUP NOS. 1 AND 2
P-NO. 3 GROUP NOS. 1, 2, AND 3
(a) 175°F (79°C) for material which has either a specified minimum tensile strength in excess of 70,000 psi
(480 MPa) or a thickness at the joint in excess of 5/8 in.
(16 mm);
(b) 50°F (10°C) for all other materials in this
P‐Number.
R-10
P-NO. 11 GROUPS
(a) P‐No. 11A Group
Group No. 1 — None (see Note)
588
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INTRODUCTION
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
R-1 – R-10
No fu
ASME B31.1-2016
Table 131.4.1 Preheat Temperatures
Base Metal
P-No. [Note (1)]
Base Metal
Group
Greater Material
Thickness
in.
Required Minimum Temperature
mm
Additional Limits
°F
°C
1
Carbon steel
≤1
>1
>1
≤25
>25
>25
%C > 0.30 [Note (2)]
%C ≤ 0.30 [Note (2)]
%C > 0.30 [Note (2)]
50
50
200
10
10
95
3
Alloy steel
Cr ≤ 1⁄2%
≤1⁄2
>1⁄2
All
≤13
>13
All
SMTS ≤ 65 ksi (450 MPa)
SMTS ≤ 65 ksi (450 MPa)
SMTS > 65 ksi (450 MPa)
50
200
200
10
95
95
4
Alloy steel
1
⁄2% < Cr ≤ 2%
All
All
None
250
120
5A
Alloy steel
All
All
SMTS ≤ 60 ksi (414 MPa)
SMTS > 60 ksi (414 MPa)
300
400
150
200
5B
Alloy steel
All
All
>1⁄2
All
All
>13
SMTS ≤ 60 ksi (414 MPa)
SMTS > 60 ksi (414 MPa)
%Cr > 6.0 [Note (2)]
300
400
400
150
200
200
6
Martensitic
stainless steel
All
All
None
9A
Nickel alloy steel
All
All
None
250
120
9B
Nickel alloy steel
All
All
None
300
150
10I
27Cr steel
All
All
None
15E
9Cr–1Mo–V CSEF
steel
All
All
None
400
200
None
50
10
All other materials
...
...
400
[Note (3)]
300
[Note (4)]
200
[Note (3)]
150
[Note (4)]
GENERAL NOTE: SMTS p specified minimum tensile strength.
NOTES:
(1) P-Nos. and Group nos. from ASME BPV Code, Section IX, QW/QB-422.
(2) Composition may be based on ladle or product analysis or per specification limits.
(3) Maximum interpass temperature 600°F (315°C).
(4) Maintain interpass temperature between 300°F and 450°F (150°C and 230°C).
132.1.2 Pressure part welds and attachment welds
using ferritic filler metals that have a specified chromium content of more than 3% shall receive a postweld
heat treatment. The postweld heat treatment time and
temperature range used shall be that shown in Table 132
for a base metal of similar composition.
listed below. Except as otherwise provided in
paras. 127.4.9, 132.2, and 132.3, all welds in materials
included in the P-Numbers listed in Table 132 shall be
given a postweld heat treatment within the temperature
range specified in Table 132. (The range specified in
Table 132 may be modified by Table 132.1 for the lower
limit and para. 132.2 for the upper limit.) The materials
in Table 132 are listed in accordance with the material
P-Numbers and Group numbers of ASME BPVC,
Section IX, Table QW/QB-422. (Note that the P-Nos.
are also listed in Mandatory Appendix A.) Welds of
materials not included in Table 132 shall be heat treated
in accordance with the WPS. Austenitizing PWHTs may
be performed but are required to be addressed within
the qualified WPS.
132.1.3
For ASTM A335 P36 and ASTM A182
F36, postweld heat treatment is mandatory under all
conditions. Postweld heat treatment shall be in accordance with Table 132.1.3.
132.2 Mandatory PWHT Requirements
Heat treatment may be accomplished by a suitable
heating method that will provide the desired heating
98
ASME B31.1-2016
Table 132 Postweld Heat Treatment
P-No. and Group No.
(ASME BPV Code,
Section IX,
QW/QB-420)
P-No. 1, Groups 1–3
P-No. 3, Groups 1 and 2
P-No. 4, Groups 1 and 2
P-No. 5A, Group 1
P-No. 5B, Group 1
P-No. 6, Groups 1–3
P-No. 7, Groups 1 and 2
[Note (3)]
P-No. 8, Groups 1–4
P-No. 9A, Group 1
P-No. 9B, Group 1
P-No. 10H, Group 1
P-No. 10I, Group 1
[Note (3)]
Minimum Holding Time at Temperature for Control
Thickness [Note (2)]
Holding Temperature Range,
°F (°C) [Note (1)]
1,100
1,100
1,200
1,250
1,250
1,400
1,350
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
1,200
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,400
1,475
1,425
(595
(595
(650
(675
(675
(760
(730
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
650)
650)
705)
760)
760)
800)
775)
≤2 in. (50 mm)
>2 in. (50 mm)
1 hr/in. (25 mm),
15 min minimum
2 hr plus 15 min for each
additional inch (25 mm)
over 2 in. (50 mm)
PWHT not required unless
required by WPS
1,100 to 1,200 (595 to 650)
1,100 to 1,175 (595 to 630)
PWHT not required unless
required by WPS. If done, see
Note (4).
1,350 to 1,500 (730 to 815)
P-No. 15E, Group 1
[Note (5)]
1,350 to 1,425 (730 to 775)
[Notes (6), (7)]
1 hr/in. (25 mm),
30 min minimum
1 hr/in. (25 mm) up to
5 in. (125 mm) plus
15 min for each additional inch (25 mm)
over 5 in. (125 mm)
All other materials
PWHT as required by WPS
Per WPS
Per WPS
GENERAL NOTE: The exemptions for mandatory PWHT are defined in Table 132.2.
NOTES:
(1) The holding temperature range is further defined in paras. 132.1.1 and 132.2.
(2) The control thickness is defined in para. 132.4.1.
(3) Cooling rate shall not be greater than 100°F (55°C) per hour in the range above 1,200°F (650°C), after which the cooling rate shall be
sufficiently rapid to prevent embrittlement.
(4) If PWHT is performed after bending, forming, or welding, it shall be within the following temperature ranges for the specific alloy, followed by rapid cooling:
Alloys S31803 and S32205 — 1,870°F to 2,010°F (1 020°C to 1 100°C)
Alloy S32550 — 1,900°F to 2,050°F (1 040°C to 1 120°C)
Alloy S32750 — 1,880°F to 2,060°F (1 025°C to 1 125°C)
All others — 1,800°F to 1,900°F (980°C to 1 040°C)
(5) See para. 125.1.2(C) for hardness requirements for ASTM A217 Grade C12A castings after PWHT.
(6) The minimum PWHT holding temperature may be 1,325°F (720°C) for nominal material thicknesses (see para. 132.4.3) ≤1⁄2 in.
(13 mm).
(7) The Ni+Mn content of the filler metal shall not exceed 1.2% unless specified by the designer, in which case the maximum temperature
to be reached during PWHT shall be the A1 (lower transformation or lower critical temperature) of the filler metal, as determined by
analysis and calculation or by test, but not exceeding 1,470°F (800°C). If the 1,470°F (800°C) was not exceeded but the A1 of the filler
metal was exceeded or if the composition of the filler metal is unknown, the weld must be removed and replaced. It shall then be
rewelded with compliant filler metal and subjected to a compliant PWHT. If the 1,470°F (800°C) limit was exceeded, the weld and the
entire area affected by the PWHT will be removed and, if reused, shall be renormalized and tempered prior to reinstallation.
99
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0
u
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~
~
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ASME BPVC.lX-2015
~
~
~
,
~
QW-350
WELDING VARIABLES FOR
WELDERS
!".
Table QW-3S3
Shielded Metal-Arc Welding (SMAW)
GENERAL
QW-351
n
B
0
~
~
~
A welder sha ll be requ ali fi ed whe never a chan ge is
made in one or more of the essential var iables listed for
each w elding process.
Where a combination of welding processes is required
to make a we ldment, each weld er shall be qualified for the
particu lar weldi ng process o r pro cesses he will be re q uired to use in prod uction we lding. A welde r may be
q ualified by mak in g tests w ith each in di vidua l w elding
process, or with a comb inatio n of weldi ng processes in
a s in gle test coupon.
Th e limits of wel d metal thickness for wh ich he will be
quali fied are dep endent upon th e approximate thickness
of th e weld metal he deposits w ith each welding process,
exclusive of anx weld reinfo rcement) this thi ckness sh all
e co ns id ered th e t est coup o n t hickne ss as given in
QW-4S2.
l!Lany given prod uction weldment, welders ay not
deposit thick ness greater t han tha t perm itted by
W-452 for e ach we ld in g pro cess in w hi~ they ar e
Paragrap h
QW-402
Joints
.18
.15
QW-404
Filler Metals
.30
QW-40S
PositIOns
'"
''""
Pip, d'.m''';~'( tI\ 1A1- L
P-Number
F-Numbe r
,W,]d d,poslt
Essential Variables
QW-40S
Joints
QW-403
Base Metals
QW-404
Filler Metals
QW-40S
Positions
~
~
.0
~
'"
"[Q. W - A. c 2--\
.1
+
P,,'"on CJ3
.3
1>
t! VertIcal ; 'elding
W -41,1'
r)'
n
o
n
Brief of Variables
.1 .
¢
.18
1> P-Number
1> F-Number
.15
Pipe diameter
t Weld deposit
.3.
n
o
Positions
Gos
</>
Paragrapb
Base Metals
~
Backing
Essential Variables
QW-404
,
~
-
I
Table QW-352
Oxyfuel Gas Welding (OFW)
~.
Brief of Va ria bles
Table QW-354
Semiautomatic Submerged-Arc Welding
(SAW)
Filler Metals
QW-408
.•
.1.
QW·403 Base Metals
QW-403
Pa rae,ra h
0
c
qu a Wed .
QW-402
~
Essential Variables
.1
Position
+
::!.
Br ief of Variables
.7
+
.2
.18
Backing
Table QW-355
Semiautomatic Gas Metal-Arc Welding
(GMAW)
Maximum Qualified
rP P-Number
.14
+
.15
<p F-Number
.3 1
4>
l
.1
+
Position
Fille r
Weld
[This Includes Flux-Cored Arc Welding
(FCAW)] Essential Variables
d~pos it
Paragra h
Joints
.
QW-403
QW-40 2
.7
'"
Type fuel gas
Base Metals
QW·404
Fille r Metals
Brief of Va ria bles
-
Backing
.1.
¢
Pipe diameter
.18
1> P·Number
.15
4> F-Nu mber
.3.
(j)
.32
QW-40S
Positions
QW-40B
Gos
QW-409
Electrical
.1
.3
.8
.2
+
t
Weld de posit
t
Limit (5. eir. Arc.)
Position
.!p !J. Vertical welding
- Inert backing
¢
Tra nsfer mode
73
z
o
ASME 8PVC.lX-2015
QW-360
Table QW-356
Manual and Semiautomatic Gas
Tungsten-Arc Welding (GTAW)
QW-36I
Paragrap h
Brief of Varia bles
.4
-
Backing
QW-403
Base Metals
.16
4J
Pipe diame ter
.18
4J
P-Number
.14
t
Filler
.15
dJ F-Number
QW-404
Filler Metals
.22
t
Inserts
.23
¢
Filler metal product form
.30
rp
t Weld de posit
QW-40S
Positions
.1
•
Position
.3
¢
1.1 Vertical
QW-40B
.8
Ga,
.4
QW-409
ElectriG'lI
1[ -
'"
OW-36I.I Essential Variables - Automatic Weld- (15)
ing.
(a) A change from automatic to machine welding.
(b) A change in the welding process.
(e) Fo r electron beam and laser welding, the addition
or deletion of filler metal.
(d) For laser welding and hybrid welding using lasers,
a change in laser type (e.g., a change from CO 2 to YAG).
(e) For fric tion weld in g, a change fro m continuous
drive to inertia welding or vice versa .
(f) For electron beam welding. a change from v acuum
to out-oF-vacuum equipment, a nd vice versa.
weldin~
Inert backing
Current o r po larity
QW-361.2
T Uphill
+ Addition
J.. Downhill
- Deletion
Table QW-357
Manual and Semiautomatic Plasma-Arc
Welding (PAW)
Essential Variables
Paragra h
..
Br ief of Variables
-
Backing
P-Number
.1'
'"
'±"
.15
¢
F-Number
.22
±
Inse rts
.23
¢
Filler metal product fonn
.30
¢
t Weld deposit
QW-40S
Positions
.1
•
Position
QW-408
.8
"
Tl Vertical weldin£
QW-402
Joints
QW-403
Base Metals
QW-404
Filler Metals
.16
.18
.3
-
Pip~
diameter
n
Essential Variables - Machine Welding.
Flller
QW-362
ELECTRON BEAM WELDING (EBW),
LASER BEAM WELDING (LBW), HYBRID
WELDING, AND FRICTION WELDING
(FRW)
The performance qualification test coupon shall be production parts or test coupons that have joint designs permitted by any qualified WPS. The coupon s hall be
mechan icall y tested in accordance with QW-4S2. Alternatively, when the part or coupon does not readily lend itself to the preparation of bend test specimens, the part
may be cut so that at least two full -thickness weld cross
sections are exposed. Those cross sections s ha ll be
smoothed and etc h ed w ith a suitable etc h ant (see
QW-47 0) to give a clear de finition of th e weld meta l
a nd heat affected zone. The w eld me tal a nd heat affected
Inert backing
G"
Legend :
¢ Change
+ Addition
- Deletion
"-
(a) A change in the weld ing process.
(b) A change from direct visual contro l to remote visual
control and vice-versa.
(c) The deletion of an automatic arc voltage control
system for GTAW.
(d) The deletion of automatic joint tracking.
(e) The addition of welding pOSitions other than those
already qualified (see QW-120, QW-130, and QW-303).
(j) Th e deletion of co nsum ab le in serts . except that
qu a lifi cation w ith cons um able in serts s hall a lso qualify
fo r fi lle t welds and weld s w ith backing.
(9) The d e le tion of ba ck ing. Doubl e-w e ld ed groove
welds are considered welding wi th backing.
(h) A change from single pass pe r side to multiple
passes per side but not the reverse.
U) For hybr id plasma-GMAW welding, t he essential
vari ab le for welding operator qualification shall be in acco rdance with Table QW-357.
Legend:
4> Change
GENERAL
A welding operator shall be requa lified whene ver a
change is made in one of the following essential variables
CQW-36Ll and QW-36L2). There may be excepti ons or
add iti onal requirements for th e p rocesses of QW-362,
QW-363, and the s pecial processes of QW-380.
Essential Variables
QW-402
Joints
WELDING VARIABLES FOR
WELDING OPERATORS
t Uphill
J, Downhill
74
z
o
AS ME BPVC.rX-2015
FORM aW-4B4A SUGGESTED FO~MAT A FOR WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATIONS (WPQ)
ISee OW-301 , Section IX, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code)
(15)
Welder's na me _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _
Iclenti l;cation no. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
Test Description
O
o
~,;~;;;;~:;;;-;:;;;_;;:;:;;-;;-=============~~
Thickness _
Identification of WPS fo llowed
Specification and type/g rade or UNS Nvmber of base metaHs)
Test co upon
Production weld
_ _ __ _ _ _ __ _
Testing Variables and Oua lification limits
Welding Variables (OW.l501
Weldin g prOCCts!es)
Type !i.e.; menual, semi-automatic) used
Back.lng (With/wit hou t)
Plale 0 Pipe (ente r diameter if p ipe or lube)
Base m etlll P-Number to P-Numbe r
Fille r mela l or eleC"(rode specificetion(s ) ISFAI hn fo. only)
Fil te, me ta l a. e lecv ode classificatioll{s) (info. onlV)
Filler me tal f -Num be. {$)
Consuma ble insert IGTAW or PAIN)
Fi ller Melal Product Form (solid/metal or flux co red/powder) (GTAW o r PAW)
DepOSit thickn ess for eac h process
Actua l Values
o
-======
Process 1
Process 2 _
:3 layers minimum
:3 layers minimum
D Yes
D Yes
To
A'.I - 4-S2'\(b
G II\) - 4h1 ''1
ON,
O No
Pos ihOn lsl
Vertica l progreuion (u phill or downhill)
Type of fuel gas 10M)
Ine rt gas bac kin g (GTAW, PAW, GM AW)
Transfer mod e (spray/globu lar or pulse to s hort eireuit-GMAW)
GTAW current type/po larity lAC, DeEP, DCENI
Vis ua l examitl<ltion o f comple led weld (OW.302.4 )
o
Q
\,,1
hIe
A;'VVI ro-UC
4~
,q.;: I J'\ii)
RE SULTS
A
c.c...tlf ~ t<\t.-
M
~2
-TIC
F
\Q....'I"U-,
!5FI't-5'
0
\?-
T,ansverse face a nd .oot bendsp.IQW--462.3{all .
0 Long itudina l bends IQW-462.3Ibl)
0 Side ber.ds (QW·462.2 )
Ip e bend $~Iman, corro sion-resistant we ld metal overlay (OW-462.5(cll
Plate bend speC imen, corrosion-res istant we ld metal overlay [OW·462.5(d)]
o
o
o
Pi pe speCimen, macro tes t fo r fU Sio n [QW-462.5(bJ I
0
Plata specimen, macro te st for fu s ion rOW-462
'"''
Ty"",
Resul\
0 UTO
Typ"
AII"native VolumetriC Examination R••W:"~'~IQ~W:.~"='~I._====_;:;;;;;;;_::;_, RT
or
(check onel
Fillet we ld - fractu re tas t IOW. 181 .2) _
l e ngth e nd pe rcant of defects
o
5(6))
n
o
Result
0 f Jllet welds In pipe IQW·462.4(c))
Fillet we ld S In p late (QW-462.4(b)1
\ZT
V'-
Result
e.
I'\-c.c. - C5lW -191 "
A CC
~·, •• d 'H .
Macro exam ination (QW- l 84)
Fillet sile (in.)
x
Conc"vity/conVlxltv (in.)
Othtll iests
Film 0 ' specimens eva luate d by
Company
Mleh an iealtests conductfld by
La bo rat ory test flO.
Welding supervised by
We certify Ihatthe sta tements in this record ara correct a nd that the test co upons were prepared weld ed a nd tested in ceor
.
requlfeme nts of Section IX Of the ASM E BOILE R AND PRESS URE VESSEL CODE.
.,
" d ance With the
Organrzat ion _ _ __ __ _ __ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ __
Cert i{jed by _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _
Dale _ __ _ __ _ _ __
(071161
J) , (H(\ Q.,t-Q '(
2-) \h,.' c....\0\ Q. 'b ~
Win O<k .
CW.-4L
LivY\'t')
ot
\Ai (L\J
?O~"~' Q,",
A CC-l2.f>to-.blQ..
s)
No
t~ \%IIL 8..w - 4S1. ·llb) ~
Ml1.tcd
c.."'(i3e o. ,( lo.
R.i n Fo., ULVY\" VI t
'In tQ. ... ~~e.to..b' o""
RIL\"ey T%k 6l.w- 4bl -1
V-T - ell\} - \ "1 \ -1-2- L
VT -&w - \~l'L' 2>
\-\ 0...\'3, 'n t
\X - \$ - OS-
~T~
QW-484A
WELDER PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION (WPQ)
VIJAY TANKS & VESSELS (PI LTD.
~elder's l'!~me
PAPA RAQ_ _ __ _ ___
Welder No. : WHO-49.3
: 3148/HOIOI ___ tev: 02 .._ _ Date .:06.06.2014
.
11'&""£ =TI.-A
Base MetaJs welded
:S AS\6 Gr70
to
SA516Gr7(}~
Filler metal 0;-Elc:ctr<>de S.J>e"ificalion(s) SFA~'-: 5.1 ~ A}Y\\ E ~ ~-~
Filler meta~_o~ .~Iec.~e Cla~if!cations (~tNo.
J! 7018
Thickness
: 14 mm
Date : 0'1.11.2014
WP~~um}~
1t
_
.'.-==--~ _• 'T~t_~oupon
t]'- p_r t?~~.ctfo~ ~~~~._=~ ~.~.---
TESTING CONDITIONS AND QUALIFICATION LIMITS,
SMAW
Weld if!&_l'rocess( es)
T
Range Qualified
SMAW
Manual
Actual Values
WeldlDg Variables(QW-JS6)
_(ie; '!!.an~~\ semi-_~!?) used
Manual
..:.b .t~pe(~.!.~ di~in~~ !fe!pe·.,o=,"'tu:;:b:::)
e- -- --I
Plate
Plate, PiP.
- -- I
e IN -42.3-
P-No_1 through P.No-I5F,P.NQ· 34 and P.N0-41 through
PI toPI
Base metal P- or S-No. to p ~ or S-No.
6lw -4-33
iCl(mg (Metal, Weld Metal,,Double welded, etc
. W ith Backing
Backing ( metal, weld metal, double-welded. etc.)
P.N0-49.
4 . . - -.-,
F.No.~~A (With 'ila:cking On ly) - -,-, _-. - _-._-. ?f
N.A
t'~
N .A
N.A
N.A
-
--1--- -
-.- --
- .
.Yf-:d-, .'
fl.'
1 1,;4~
m~m~__-i~G~r~..
~v~.~:~U
s'~I~
im~i~
~
~______~F~
III~.~t:~~U~n~lmn
~it~
eda=~ ~~4- \LV~
~
- ----
.. _..
G roove:
Fillet:
Groove: Plate and pipe over 610 mm aD: F,O only.
Pipes, 24 in.and Pipe~ 2 7/S"(73mm) 00: F. on ly.
Fillet: Plate and Pi : F H 0 on! .
N.A
N.A _ _-t-_
N.A
_ _ _ _ :N.A
N.A
N.A
... . ...
...
.
N.A
N.A
DCEP---OCEP
_-- -
__- -
_- ----_
Visual Ex~inationoi?""pl~ \Veld (QW·302.4): Found .§.a,tisfuClory .... __ /'t.!:"_J>...~.'6" . '~:-:-:-'::-:'-':f.
~i-"'Ben
:=d !~!S;
o
. _. _ _
Trans~ .ro?t. a~!iJ.ce [QW-462 .3 (~lJ~
~fI:!!l:~!.~ 1
Pipe bc:n_~ _s~i~n. OOITOS~on-resis~n~ o.'\ler.!anQW-462.~)];_ _
Macro \eSt for fusion [QW-462.5(b));
N.A_
N.A
_
root and face lQW462.3(b»); Side L~ -462.2J;
Plale Jx:n_d..~pecimen, oorrossi~'~~!8nt o~~~-462.5 (dll;
Macro test for fusion [QW-462.5(e»)
I
Type
_
6,""
4-b\ • 9
Resuh
N.A
,- N.A-
-
IX,V'\ 15-04
v-\
L~::- 1--'f~
--
Altmultivc ~.Kwa~c_exammation r.!.s.tI1ts {Q.W•.I?~ L _____ ..:.Acceptable
RT Report.~_o.: ~0-403I~.!1F4 Old : 06, 1.! :~E)~ _ __._._
FilletWekl-!:~~I?:!est (Q W.180}
: Not Applicable
__ _ __ _~_ _ pen::entofdefeas
.. . _ _
_
Macro c:umiD~tion 1.QW-J84)
: Not Applicable
Fillet Size: - .. Concavityl ~~~2ty :' n__
_ _ _ __ _
Otlu:rTcsts
Films or s c.~~~.evaJuated by
.. : NotAppli~_...
: R_ Karthi
Mccb;mical '!:~~_ C~ucted By
: Not Applicable
Weklinc IUpervised by
:
. _ _ _ __ _
.___. _..f9mpany : Mia Vij~y Tanks & Ves~~'!. ® Ltd. _ .. _
Lab,!,:~.No.
: - __
. __ _ _ _
Mobamtld Azbarudeen.A
We certify that the statements in this record are correct and that the test coupons were prepared, welded, and tested in accordance with the
requirements ofSectiO~~~. ~SME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Edition 2013.
For VIJA
X'.: ':"~~SELS
(P) LTD
' ~ ·· :·~
· 9~
~1 ~
':
Date
1)
'"
~
.. :.:', ;. ~"'t:.
. '".oJ
08/ i r1:iPr:/fy,'
fv\ o't"Q... '\'n<U'\
W Q...\
J
V VI \
~ 13
\ V'Y\ \
""VI')
tt-o..J
W\!..\d
I-V~
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lYl'e.tq\
t'lv~ c....\<:.. n ~j
~'OOV<L
o
vVl2...tJ
t-
w
Q... \
T~k.
d 'MWoJ
61W -452'3
- OS
~
V1JAY TANKS & ......... IP) LTD.
,,'" ""
WELDING PI
I Material
Thickness I
'WttD~ .J.iD~
.9 . . . . : jC.rtolR.
Satch No.
:P.I:.",,,,, 'T .
:
,~"r/:' An ,riD
Pipe O l a . :
l.J.rnm PlAtz.
[]t'l
Test coupon
,Weld
:1/SD"
,Size of the..!e't Coupon:
Ilf Production weld,
..1 tL2 ..p;.,
9
-9
II
.r-
,.~'"
.
I.
~
...,
,.,.,." ....
.
I.~. IF; ",.
....
Filler wire
I Flux
:
-
Satch No. -
Brand Name
: Electrode ana/or Filler wire: \4,,:1,
(V)
mm/min
mm
IHL~llb
'2.1..
')..<1.
!)..5
b
~
,.~.105
~
,~.I"
~n""D
8
' ., Ir,
$;U us
1>1'1Sf'
A .. ...J
110 " II~
Ilh
Itt... 111'
!DeB:> I 'no
·II~
I Root Gap:
~
:
:lb
22'~
I Ull
£~ II u...P1I'I" IrD
III '1 ~ II ~
Q'2
'1J,
.t::>.n, Ii....
1M:.dJJt
').<2
'l.",
,~
b Jtq--r
Plate No. I Lot No. /Test No. :
Heat Input (Joules/mm)
1.501 g /1 f 2...
,,~
:The hard stamping details or marking on the test plates shall be recorded on the back side of this format for both performance qualification and procedure qualification.
IJoint Diagram a~so shall be draW?10~@ck Si~f this format.
?J
Engineer
TPIA
0
Remarks
,,~*,
. v..-J'
~~(lA
.
~)<.._
lding
NO
r~"j
/. t50
1=~IB1
,~,o .. o. Heat No. / Cast No. :
~
'lrIt·' C.
"nG
/."to
b~.15: JI.I~'"
YES
~ 'E'1
Q(1
I, ,n..(L
l.a'1
lIto
I, oct
~.IJ.
<j),..~
'1IIfPG!?1 01.2.
mfll
Root
Weld Ceposlt Per
Etectorde Unft length
.2,g ,. :l.b
Do
1. en
2. "''3
Temperature:
'.2l" _ !2 b
2J1
,
IPQRNO.:
,g,~A.f
,Visual Examination
'"Jrd:-
Stub Length
.2.'2 ?1.
In.<!
,I
Travel Speed
., '2
I no "1I.'r
:
Voltag"
Current (A)
Po,ition:
IResult
Flux:
Preheat Temperature
lotR ,. II.':!
,'1.1=;
~
R~(ORn
olhOfbl
Process:
Satch No.
/.4-mM
IJ.f'Q
IWPSNo.: .......
_
f2.~Ptw. .r1)1't«:>
.f:'IU lLP
!II"~
r~
J:l.I1 t>P
J;n.w,
:
:
I 'Ur f;=.p
C.
..,...
...
0
.,..
Polarity
Weld Layer
.,;,
q
Irr> 11'
t hen Joint No. ft Job No :
SI.No. Size of Electrode
?
IWelder No.
"f1l~1I1'l~
:
I Project
IIlRF I WELDER I WELDING OPFR4TOR OllAIIFI(4TION TEST (OIlPON
~'&'V
(PI LTD.
VIJAY TANKS &
.
'"
,.
RadiD'$. uI"'Y
: V;jay Tanks &'
, 'PJ Ltd,
!
:TIN
,,,,"ree
....... .
: 14mm
IMa'eri"
: SA516GR 70
flJ//mA
: Ir - 192
jSt,....,.
: 39(1
Exp, Time
: 5mins
: 20'
Oemity
: 2.0 · 4.0
: 5 Min,,' 20"<:
Sc<een
: lead I O.1mm FaB
;, F,O
: SWSl
IDev,TIme
:AGFAD7
FUm
: wire type - ASrM 18
Visible
:
, : A5II£ $eo ' IX ' lat'" Edition & Addend,
• R , 08
Job I Weld No,
IRT Pro:edur. No,
SLHo.
--
OT: 06, 11.101<
: Sanka,,', I Vadoda"
Location
_No,
l
vrv IWPQ!4G/WHO-o403
A,S
Film Size
Observation
IS" x 4"
NSO
Rem, ""
VTV
r ACe
. TIN_
A-{'D
~
j,
~
ACCEPTED AS PER QW-191.1.2.2
\
.\
\
"...
I·
'.
•
\,
\
..
\
\.
\I\I~~L -6DI cl. II ... Ji).-r
\
L
I
\
.. :.--.:<
~
:::>,
-;~;f
." .. .. J JtV{Y
:;;. ,\ "
. .
~
<
. ..
<:T:F>
....:-,:
.
.
.. · QAtqcI
~W!
ITUV
\
/I~ v~
({$)
~
(i lHJ'N V
'I~¢J( ,'no
7-
mockup weld is required to renew a welder’s or welding
operator’s qualification when that qualification has expired or been revoked per the requirements of QW-322.1.
QW-194
Material Thickness, in. (mm)
< 0.010
≥ 0.010
≥ 0.020
≥ 0.040
≥ 0.069
≥ 0.100
≥ 0.118
≥ 0.157
VISUAL EXAMINATION —
PERFORMANCE
Performance test coupons shall show no cracks and
complete joint penetration with complete fusion of weld
metal and base metal.
QW-195
and < 0.020
and < 0.040
and < 0.069
and < 0.100
and < 0.118
and < 0.157
(0.50)
(1.00)
(1.75)
(2.54)
(3.00)
(4.00)
6t
5t
4t
3t
2.50t
2.25t
2t
1.80t
The weld depth (extent of fusion) shall be a minimum
of 20% of the thickness of the thinner ply (in each member) and a maximum of 80% of the total thickness of all
plies.
LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION
QW-195.1 The liquid penetrant examination in
QW-214 for corrosion‐resistant weld metal overlay shall
meet the requirements of Section V, Article 6. The acceptance standards of QW-195.2 shall be met.
QW-196.1.3 For projection welds, the width of the
nugget shall be not less than 80% of the width of the
projection.
QW-195.2 Liquid Penetrant Acceptance Criteria.
QW-195.2.1 Terminology.
QW-196.2 Mechanical Testing.
QW-196.2.1 Shear test specimens shall be prepared as shown on Figure QW-462.9. For spot and projection welds, each test specimen shall equal or exceed the
minimum strength, and the average strength specified
in Tables QW-462.10(a) through QW-462.10(c) for the
appropriate material. Further, for each set, 90% shall
have shear strength values between 0.9 and 1.1 times
the set average value. The remaining 10% shall lie between 0.8 and 1.2 times the set average value.
relevant indications: indications with major dimensions
greater than 1/16 in. (1.5 mm)
linear indications: an indication having a length greater
than three times the width.
rounded indications: an indication of circular or elliptical
shape with the length equal to or less than three times
the width.
QW-196.2.2 Peel test specimens shall be prepared
as shown in Figure QW-462.8.1 for spot and projection
welding and per Figure QW-462.8.2 for seam welding.
The specimens shall be peeled or separated mechanically,
and fracture shall occur in the base metal by tearing out of
the weld in order for the specimen to be acceptable.
QW-197
LASER BEAM WELDING (LBW) LAP
JOINT TESTS
QW-197.1 Procedure Qualification Specimens.
QW-197.1.1 Required Tests. Six tension shear specimens and eight macro specimens are required to qualify
each procedure. The qualification test coupon shall be
prepared in accordance with Figure QW-464.1. The tension shear specimens shall conform to the dimensions indicated in the table of Figure QW-464.1. The longitudinal
and transverse sections indicated in Figure QW-464.1
shall be cross‐sectioned as closely as possible through
the centerline of the weld. A minimum of 1 in. (25 mm)
shall be provided for examination of each longitudinal
specimen. The transverse specimens shall be of sufficient
length to include weld, the heat‐affected zone, and portions of the unaffected base material. Cross‐sections shall
be smoothed and etched with a suitable etchant (see
QW-470), and examined at a minimum magnification of
25X. The dimensions of the fusion zone and penetration
of each weld of the transverse specimens shall be measured to the nearest hundredth of an inch and recorded.
RESISTANCE WELD TESTING
QW-196.1 Macro-Examination.
QW-196.1.1 Welds shall be cross‐sectioned, polished, and etched to reveal the weld metal. The section
shall be examined at 10X magnification. Seam welding
specimens shall be prepared as shown in Figure
QW-462.7.3. The sectioned weldment shall be free of
cracks, incomplete penetration, expulsions, and inclusions. Porosity shall not exceed one void in the transverse
cross section or three voids in the longitudinal cross section of a specimen. The maximum dimension of any void
shall not exceed 10% of the thickness of the weld bead.
QW-196.1.2 For spot and seam welds, the minimum width of the weld nugget shall be as follows in relation to thickness, t , of the thinner member.
25
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
QW-195.2.2 Acceptance Standards. Procedure
and performance tests examined by liquid penetrant techniques shall be judged unacceptable when the examination exhibits any indication in excess of the limits
specified in the following:
(a) relevant linear indications
(b) relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16 in.
(5 mm)
(c) four or more relevant rounded indications in a line
separated by 1/16 in. (1.5 mm) or less (edge‐to‐edge)
QW-196
(0.25)
(0.25)
(0.50)
(1.00)
(1.75)
(2.54)
(3.00)
(4.00)
Weld Nugget
Width
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
QW-190
OTHER TESTS AND EXAMINATIONS
QW-191 VOLUMETRIC NDE
QW-191.1 Radiographic Examination
QW-191.1.1
Method
The radiographic examination in QW-142 for welders
and in QW-143 for welding operators shall meet the requirements of Section V, Article 2, except as follows:
(a) A written radiographic examination procedure is
not required. Demonstration of density and image quality
requirements on production or technique radiographs
shall be considered satisfactory evidence of compliance
with Section V, Article 2.
(b) Final acceptance of radiographs shall be based on
the ability to see the prescribed image and the specified
hole of a hole‐type image quality indicator (IQI) or the designated wire of a wire‐type IQI. The acceptance standards of QW-191.1.2 shall be met.
QW-191.1.2 Acceptance Criteria.
QW-191.1.2.1 Terminology.
(a) Linear Indications. Cracks, incomplete fusion, inadequate penetration, and slag are represented on the
radiograph as linear indications in which the length is
more than three times the width.
(b) Rounded Indications. Porosity and inclusions such
as slag or tungsten are represented on the radiograph
as rounded indications with a length three times the
width or less. These indications may be circular, elliptical,
or irregular in shape; may have tails; and may vary in
density.
QW-191.1.2.2 Qualification Test Welds. Welder
and welding operator performance tests by radiography
of welds in test assemblies shall be judged unacceptable
when the radiograph exhibits any imperfections in excess
of the limits specified below
21
This copy downloaded on 2015-07-13 07:36:37 -0500 by authorized user logan ahlstrom.
(a) Linear Indications
(1) any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion or
penetration
(2) any elongated slag inclusion which has a length
greater than
(-a) 1/8 in. (3 mm) for t up to 3/8 in. (10 mm),
inclusive
(-b) 1/3 t for t over 3/8 in. (10 mm) to 2 1/4 in.
(57 mm), inclusive
(-c) 3/4 in. (19 mm) for t over 21/4 in. (57 mm)
(3) any group of slag inclusions in line that have an
aggregate length greater than t in a length of 12t , except
when the distance between the successive imperfections
exceeds 6L where L is the length of the longest imperfection in the group
(b) Rounded Indications
(1) The maximum permissible dimension for
rounded indications shall be 20% of t or 1/8 in. (3 mm),
whichever is smaller.
(2) For welds in material less than 1/8 in. (3 mm) in
thickness, the maximum number of acceptable rounded
indications shall not exceed 12 in a 6 in. (150 mm) length
of weld. A proportionately fewer number of rounded indications shall be permitted in welds less than 6 in.
(150 mm) in length.
(3) For welds in material 1/8 in. (3 mm) or greater in
thickness, the charts in Figure QW-191.1.2.2(b)(4) represent the maximum acceptable types of rounded indications illustrated in typically clustered, assorted, and
randomly dispersed configurations. Rounded indications
less than 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) in maximum diameter shall
not be considered in the radiographic acceptance tests
of welders and welding operators in these ranges of material thicknesses.
Copyrighted material licensed to University of Toronto by Thomson Scientific, Inc. (www.techstreet.com).
ASME BPVC.IX-2015
No fu
Figure QW-191.1.2.2(b)(4)
Rounded Indication Charts
Typical Quantity and Size Permitted
in 6 in. (150 mm) Length of Weld
1/ in. (3 mm) to 1/ in. (6 mm)
8
4
Thickness
Typical Quantity and Size Permitted
in 6 in. (150 mm) Length of Weld
Over 1/4 in. (6 mm) to 1/2 in. (13 mm)
Thickness
Typical Quantity and Size Permitted
in 6 in. (150 mm) Length of Weld
Over 1 in. (25 mm) Thickness
QW-191.1.2.3 Production Welds. The acceptance
criteria for welders or welding operators who qualify
on production welds by radiography as permitted in
QW-304.1 or QW-305.1 shall be per QW-191.1.2.2
QW-191.2
Ultrasonic Examination
QW-191.2.1
Method
(b) Ultrasonic examinations shall be performed using a
written procedure in compliance with Section V, Article 1,
T-150 and the requirements of Section V, Article 4 for
methods, procedures, and qualifications.
(c) Ultrasonic examination personnel shall meet the
requirements of QW-191.2.2.
(a) The ultrasonic examination in QW-142 for welders
and in QW-143 for welding operators may be conducted
on test welds in material 1/2 in. (13 mm) thick or greater.
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Typical Quantity and Size Permitted
in 6 in. (150 mm) Length of Weld
Over 1/2 in. (13 mm) to 1 in. (25 mm)
Thickness
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QW-452
PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION THICKNESS LIMITS AND TEST SPECIMENS
QW-452.1 Groove-Weld Test. The following tables identify the required type and number of tests and the thickness
of weld metal qualified.
Table QW-452.1(a)
Test Specimens
Type and Number of Examinations and Test Specimens Required
Thickness of Weld Metal,
in. (mm)
Less than 3/8 (10)
3
/8 (10) to less than 3/4 (19)
3
/4 (19) and over
Visual
Examination
per QW-302.4
Side Bend
QW‐462.2
[Note (1)]
Face Bend
QW‐462.3(a) or
QW‐462.3(b)
[Note (1)],
[Note (2)]
X
X
X
...
2 [Note (3)]
2
1
[Note (3)]
...
Root Bend
QW‐462.3(a) or
QW‐462.3(b)
[Note (1)],
[Note (2)]
1
[Note (3)]
...
GENERAL NOTE: The “Thickness of Weld Metal” is the total weld metal thickness deposited by all welders and all
processes in the test coupon exclusive of the weld reinforcement.
NOTES:
(1) To qualify using positions 5G or 6G, a total of four bend specimens are required. To qualify using a combination of 2G and 5G in a single test coupon, a total of six bend specimens are required. see QW-302.3. The type
of bend test shall be based on weld metal thickness.
(2) Coupons tested by face and root bends shall be limited to weld deposit made by one welder with one or two
processes or two welders with one process each. Weld deposit by each welder and each process shall be present on the convex surface of the appropriate bent specimen.
(3) One face and root bend may be substituted for the two side bends.
Thickness, t, of Weld Metal in
the Coupon, in. (mm)
[Note (1)] and [Note (2)]
Thickness of Weld
Metal Qualified
[Note (3)]
All
1
/2 (13) and over with a
minimum of three layers
2t
Maximum to be
welded
NOTES:
(1) When more than one welder and/or more than one process
and more than one filler metal F‐Number is used to deposit
weld metal in a coupon, the thickness, t , of the weld metal in
the coupon deposited by each welder with each process and
each filler metal F‐Number in accordance with the applicable
variables under QW-404 shall be determined and used individually in the “Thickness, t , of Weld Metal in the Coupon” column to determine the “Thickness of Weld Metal Qualified.”
(2) Two or more pipe test coupons with different weld metal
thickness may be used to determine the weld metal thickness
qualified and that thickness may be applied to production
welds to the smallest diameter for which the welder is qualified in accordance with Table QW-452.3.
(3) Thickness of test coupon of 3/4 in. (19 mm) or over shall be
used for qualifying a combination of three or more welders
each of whom may use the same or a different welding process.
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Table QW-452.1(b)
Thickness of Weld Metal Qualified
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Table QW-452.3
Groove-Weld Diameter Limits
Outside Diameter Qualified,
in. (mm)
Outside Diameter of Test
Coupon, in. (mm)
Less than 1 (25)
1 (25) to 27/8 (73)
Over 27/8 (73)
Min.
Size welded
1 (25)
27/8 (73)
Max.
Unlimited
Unlimited
Unlimited
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Type and number of tests required shall be in accordance with
QW-452.1.
(b) 27/8 in. (73 mm) O.D. is the equivalent of NPS 21/2 (DN 65).
Table QW-452.4
Small Diameter Fillet-Weld Test
Outside Diameter of Test Coupon,
in. (mm)
Less than 1 (25)
1 (25) to 27/8 (73)
Over 27/8 (73)
Qualified
Thickness
Minimum Outside Diameter,
Qualified, in. (mm)
Size welded
1 (25)
27/8 (73)
All
All
All
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Type and number of tests required shall be in accordance with Table QW-452.5.
(b) 27/8 in. (73 mm) O.D. is considered the equivalent of NPS 21/2 (DN 65).
Type of Joint
Tee fillet [Figure
QW-462.4(b)]
Thickness of Test
Coupon as Welded,
in. (mm)
Type and Number of Tests
Required [Figure QW-462.4(b) or
Figure QW-462.4(c)]
Qualified Range
Macro
Fracture
3
/16 (5) or greater
All base material thicknesses, fillet sizes, and
diameters 27/8 (73) O.D. and over [Note (1)]
1
1
Less than 3/16 (5)
T to 2 T base material thickness, T maximum
fillet size, and all diameters 27/8 (73) O.D.
and over [Note (1)]
1
1
GENERAL NOTE: Production assembly mockups may be substituted in accordance with QW-181.2.1. When production assembly mockups are used, range qualified shall be limited to the fillet sizes, base metal thicknesses, and configuration of
the mockup.
NOTES:
(1) Test coupon prepared as shown in Figure QW-462.4(b) for plate or Figure QW-462.4(c) for pipe.
(2) 27/8 in. (73 mm) O.D. is considered the equivalent of NPS 21/2 (DN 65). For smaller diameter qualifications, refer to Table
QW-452.4 or Table QW-452.6.
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Table QW-452.5
Fillet-Weld Test
No fu
Interpretation: IX-15-02
Subject: QW-193, Tube-to-Tubesheet Mockup Test
Date Issued: September 11, 2014
File: 14-497
Question: Per QW-193.1, is the tubesheet mockup thickness required to be 2 in. (50 mm) for qualification?
Reply: The tubesheet mockup thickness is not required to be thicker than the production tubesheet nor greater than 2
in. (50 mm) in thickness.
Interpretation: IX-15-03
Subject: QW-403.6, Range Thickness
Date Issued: September 11, 2014
File: 14-537
Question: A welding procedure with impact testing was qualified using a test coupon of 6 mm. Does this qualify for 3
mm to 12 mm thickness, since the 6 mm thickness is less than 1/4 in. (6.35 mm)?
Reply: No; see Nonmandatory Appendix G.
Interpretation: IX-15-04
Background: A performance coupon is welded and visual inspection reveals significant face and root reinforcement.
Question: Does Section IX state limits on face or root reinforcement for groove weld coupons used for welder
qualification?
Reply: No, Section IX establishes minimum acceptance criteria for the qualification of welding personnel.
Interpretation: IX-15-05
Subject: QW-451.1
Date Issued: September 11, 2014
File: 14-786
Background: One PQR was qualified with GTAW on a test plate thickness of 3/8 in. (0.375 in.). A second PQR was qualified with SMAW on a test plate thickness of 3/4 in. (0.75 in.).
Question: Can a WPS supported by both PQRs be qualified for 1/16 in. (0.0625 in.) to 3/4 in. (0.75 in.) without the minimum thickness applicable to the SMAW process being restricted to 3/16 in. (0.1875 in.) per QW-451.1?
Reply: No.
530
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Subject: QW-194, Visual Examination — Performance
Date Issued: September 11, 2014
File: 14-558
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SECTION IX — INTERPRETATIONS VOL. 63
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Figure QW-461.3
Groove Welds in Plate — Test Positions
Figure QW-461.4
Groove Welds in Pipe — Test Positions
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Figure QW-461.5
Fillet Welds in Plate — Test Positions
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ð15Þ
Table QW-461.9
Performance Qualification — Position and Diameter Limitations
(Within the Other Limitations of QW-303)
Position and Type Weld Qualified [Note (1)]
Qualification Test
Groove
Fillet
Plate and Pipe Over 24
in. (610 mm) O.D.
Pipe ≤ 24 in. (610 mm)
O.D.
Plate and Pipe
Plate — Groove
1G
2G
3G
4G
3G and 4G
2G, 3G, and 4G
Special Positions (SP)
F
F, H
F, V
F, O
F, V, O
All
SP, F
F [Note (2)]
F, H [Note (2)]
F [Note (2)]
F [Note (2)]
F [Note (2)]
F, H [Note (2)]
SP, F
F
F, H
F, H, V
F, H, O
All
All
SP, F
Plate — Fillet
1F
2F
3F
4F
3F and 4F
Special Positions (SP)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
F [Note (2)]
F, H [Note (2)]
F, H, V [Note (2)]
F, H, O [Note (2)]
All [Note (2)]
SP, F [Note (2)]
Pipe — Groove [Note (3)]
1G
2G
5G
6G
2G and 5G
Special Positions (SP)
F
F, H
F, V, O
All
All
SP, F
F
F, H
F, V, O
All
All
SP, F
F
F, H
All
All
All
SP, F
Pipe — Fillet [Note (3)]
1F
2F
2FR
4F
5F
Special Positions (SP)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
F
F, H
F, H
F, H, O
All
SP, F
NOTES:
(1) Positions of welding as shown in QW-461.1 and QW-461.2.
F
H
V
O
SP
=
=
=
=
=
Flat
Horizontal
Vertical
Overhead
Special Positions (see QW-303.3)
(2) Pipe 27/8 in. (73 mm) O.D. and over.
(3) See diameter restrictions in QW-452.3, QW-452.4, and QW-452.6.
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Position
Weld
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