“Our vision of the Church as communion, participation and mission, about the Church as priestly,
prophetic and kingly people, and a Church of the poor, that is a renewed Church, is today finding
expression in one ecclesial movement, that is the movement to foster Basic Ecclesial Communities” (PCP
II 137).
“They are small communities of Christians, usually of families, who gather around the Word of God and
the Eucharist. These communities are united to their pastors but are ministered to regularly by lay
leaders. The members know each other by name and share not only the Word of God and the Eucharist
but also their concerns both material and spiritual. They have a strong sense of belongingness and of
responsibility for one another. (PCP II 138)
The Second Plenary Council of the Philippines (PCP II)
Archbishop Leonardo Legaspi of Caceres (Naga City), CBCP president, was elected council president.
Bishop Ramon Villena of Bayombong, Bishop Onesimo Gordoncillo of Capiz, and Bishop Carmelo
Morelos of Butuan are vice presidents for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao respectively.
The Second Plenary Council of the Philippines, or PCP II, is a council that was held in Manila from
January 20, 1991 to February 17, 1991. PCP II aimed to change the ways of the Church in the Philippines
from the Second Vatican Council.
PCP II was first planned in the 56th Plenary Assembly of the CBCP. The main reasons for the need of PCP
II was:
1) The many changes brought by the Second Vatican Council, including the revision of the Code of Canon
Law.
2) The changes that occured from PCP I in 1953.
“Our vision of the Church as communion, participation and mission, about the Church as priestly,
prophetic and kingly people, and a Church of the poor, that is a renewed Church, is today finding
expression in one ecclesial movement, that is the movement to foster Basic Ecclesial Communities” (PCP
II 137).
“They are small communities of Christians, usually of families, who gather around the Word of God and
the Eucharist. These communities are united to their pastors but are ministered to regularly by lay
leaders. The members know each other by name and share not only the Word of God and the Eucharist
but also their concerns both material and spiritual. They have a strong sense of belongingness and of
responsibility for one another. (PCP II 138)
Authorization
A plenary or national council may not be convoked or celebrated without the authority of the Apostolic
See, as was solemnly and repeatedly declared by Pius IX.[5] This has always been the practice in the
Church, if not explicitly, at least from the fact that recourse could always be had to the Holy See against
decisions of such councils. Now, however, express and special papal authorization is required. He who
presides over the council must have the necessary jurisdiction, which is accorded by special Apostolic
delegation. In the United States, the presidency of such synods has always been accorded by the Holy
See to the archbishops of Baltimore. In their case, a papal delegation is necessary, for although they
have a precedence of honour over all the other American metropolitans, yet they have no primatial or
patriarchal jurisdiction. It is not uncommon for the pope to send from Rome a special delegate to
president over plenary councils.
PCP II had a Solemn, Liturgical Opening at the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception of the Manila
Cathedral on January 20, 1991. The principal celebrant of the Mass was PCP II's Council President:
Archbishop Leonardo Z. Legaspi.
PCP II's regular session started on January 21, 1991. PCP II was closed on February 17, 1991.
Plenary councils, in the sense of national synods, are included under the term particular councils as
opposed to universal councils. They are of the same nature as provincial councils, with the accidental
difference that several ecclesiastical provinces are represented in national or plenary synods.
Provincial councils, strictly so-called, date from the fourth century, when the metropolitical authority
had become fully developed. But synods, approaching nearer to the modern signification of a plenary
council, are to be recognized in the synodical assemblies of bishops under primatial, exarchal, or
patriarchal authority, recorded from the fourth and fifth centuries, and possibly earlier. Such were,
apparently, the synods held in Asia Minor at Iconium and Synnada in the third century, concerning the
re-baptism of heretics; such were, certainly, the councils held later in the northern part of Latin Africa,
presided over by the Archbishop of Carthage, Primate of Africa. The latter councils were officially
designated plenary councils (Concilium Plenarium totius Africae). Their beginnings are without doubt to
be referred, at least, to the fourth, and possibly to the third century. Synods of a somewhat similar
nature (though approaching nearer to the idea of a general council) were the Council of Arles in Gaul in
314 (at which were present the Bishops of London, York, and Caerleon), and the Council of Sardica in
343 (whose canons were frequently cited as Nicene canons). To these we might add the Greek Council in
Trullo (692).
Leonardo Zamora Legazpi, O.P. (25 November 1935 – 8 August 2014) was the Archbishop Emeritus of
the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Caceres, and was the former President of the Catholic Bishop's
Conference of the Philippines (1988–1991). He was appointed as the first Filipino Rector Magnificus of
the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas in 1970. On Saturday, September 8, 2012, Pope
Benedict XVI accepted his retirement as Metropolitan Archbishop of Caceres, and named Bishop
Rolando Joven Tria Tirona, O.C.D., as Archbishop-elect. Archbishop Tirona, who until then had been the
Bishop-Prelate of the Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Infanta in the Philippines, immediately
succeeded to the see upon the acceptance of his appointment and was formally installed as
Metropolitan Archbishop of Caceres on 14 November 2012.
Decrees
Decrees of plenary councils must be submitted, before promulgation, for the confirmation, recognition
and revision of the Holy See. Such recognition does not imply an approval of all the regulations
submitted by the council.
Bishops have the power of relaxing decrees of a plenary council in particular cases in their own dioceses,
unless the council was confirmed in forma specifica at Rome. In like manner, when no specific
confirmation of the decrees has been accorded, it is lawful to appeal from these councils.
In modern times, it is not unusual for the Holy See to confirm councils in forma specifica, but only to
accord them the necessary recognition. If, consequently, anything be found in their acts contrary to the
common law of the Church, it would have no binding force unless a special apostolicderogation were
made in its favour.
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