‫أكاديمية أديسون العالمية‬
“Empower students to learn for life and strive for excellence so that they can contribute positively to the global society”
YEAR 10 CAMBRIDGE
PHYSICS
TOPIC: MAKING MEASUREMENTS
SEPTEMBER 2023
MOTION AND FORCE
A change in the position of an object over time. A
reference point enables a person to determine that
something has moved or changed position.
*Remember Benny the beaver, we knew he moved
because he got closer to our tree, the reference point.
ALL motion is caused by a force or forces.
Force: A force is a push or pull on an object causing a
change in speed or direction.
NET FORCE: The total combination of the forces acting
on an object is called NET FORCE.
Opposites forces will take away from each
other(counteract their force due to opposing direction);
the larger forces newton's are always above the smaller
forces newton's 50N- 40N= 10 N net force. Forces
moving in the same direction will be added together;
50N + 40 N= 90N net force
Motion:
20/09/2023
DISTANCE, SPEED AND TIME
s
Speed = distance (in metres)
time (in seconds)
You are expected to learn this equation!!!
v
1) Will walks 200 metres in 40 seconds. What is his
speed?
5m/s
2) Ruby covers 2km in 1,000 seconds. What is her speed?
3) How long would it take Sophie to run 100 metres if she
runs at 10m/s?
10s
2m/s
t
s distance
v speed
t time
4) Aaron runs to the shop to buy Fifa 19 and travels at
50m/s for 20s. How far does he go? 1000m
5) Taylor drives her car at 85mph (about 40m/s). How
long does it take her to drive 20km?
500s
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DISTANCE, SPEED AND TIME
(HARDER)
s
Speed = distance (in metres)
time (in seconds)
v
1) Eliza walks 2000m in 50 minutes. What is her speed in
m/s?
2) Archie tries to walk the same distance at a speed of
5m/s. How long does he take?
3) David drives at 60mph (about 100km/h) for 3 hours. How
far has he gone?
4) The speed of sound in air is 330m/s. Isobel shouts at a
mountain and hears the echo 3 seconds later. How far
away is the mountain? (Careful!)
t
0.67m/s
400s
300km
495m
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What are the typical speeds for when you walk, run and ride a
SPEEDbike?
Walking ≈ 1.5m/s
Running ≈ 3m/s
Cycling ≈ 6m/s
What about cars? Aeroplanes?
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Distance time graph
Distance time graph
Distance time graph
Calculate the speed
in each part
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2) Horizontal line =
DISTANCE-TIME
40GRAPHS
4) Diagonal line
downwards =
30
Distance
(metres)
20
10
0
Time/s
20
1) Diagonal line =
40
60
80 100
3) Steeper diagonal line =
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40
Distance
(metres)
30
20
10
0
Time/s
20
20
40
60
80
1) What is the speed during the first 20 seconds?
100
0.5m/s
2) How far is the object from the start after 60 seconds?
40m
3) What is the speed during the last 40 seconds?
1m/s
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4) When
was the object travelling the fastest?
40-60s
40
Distance
(metres)
G
30
B
N
20
10
0
Y
20
40
60
Time/s
80 100
1) Who was travelling the fastest?
2) Who was travelling the slowest (but still moving)?
3) Who didn’t move?
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Task: Produce a distance-time graph for the following
DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS
journey:
1) Christina walks 50m in 20 seconds.
2) She then stands still for 10 seconds
3) She then runs away from Luke and covers 100m in 30
seconds.
4) She then stands still and catches her breath for 20
seconds.
5) She then walks back to the start and covers the total 150m
in 50 seconds.
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40
Distance
(metres)
30
20
10
0
Time/s
20
40
60
80 100
1) What was the velocity in the first 20 seconds?
1.5m/s
2) What was the velocity between 20 and 40 seconds?
0.5m/s
3) When was this person travelling the fastest?
80-100s
4) What was the average speed for the first 40 seconds?
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1m/s
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40
Distance
(metres)
30
20
10
0
Time/s
20
40
60
80 100
1) What is the speed during the first 20 seconds?
2m/s
2) How far is the object from the start after 50 seconds?
35m
3) What is the speed during the last 40 seconds?
4) When was the object standing still?
0.25m/s
20/09/2023
20-40s
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
HOOK ACTIVITY
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
WATCH ME
Acceleration is the name we give to any process where the velocity changes. Since velocity
is a speed and a direction, there are only two ways for you to accelerate: change your speed
or change your direction—or change both.
• Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity: In other words, how much the
velocity of an object changes by every second
• Acceleration is given by the equation
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
(Where u is the initial velocity of an
object and v is its final velocity)
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
You can rearrange this
equation with the help of
the formula triangle
•The units of
acceleration are m/s2,
which mean the same
thing as m/s/s – the
change in velocity
(in m/s) every second
WATCH ME
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
Acceleration is the rate at which an
object changes speed or velocity.
Acceleration = change in velocity
time taken
Also written as:
a = v - u
t
Velocity measured in m/s
Time measured in s
Acceleration measured in m/s/s or m/s2
Motion graphs
WATCH ME
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
Travelling at constant
speed
Stationary
Travelling at constant speed
WATCH ME
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
ACCELERATION FROM VELOCITY : TIME GRAPH
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
Steady velocity
Steady deceleration
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
Steady acceleration
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
WATCH ME
Velocity-Time Graphs
•A Velocity-time graph shows how the velocity (or speed) of an object changes over
time
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
Graph showing how the velocity (speed) of an object changes over time
•If the line is horizontal, the velocity is constant (no acceleration)
•If the line slopes upwards then the object is accelerating (speeding up)
•If the line goes down then the object is decelerating (slowing down)
ACCELERATION FROM VELOCITY : TIME GRAPH
Acceleration = V - U
t
ACCELERATION FROM VELOCITY : TIME GRAPH
Acceleration = 3 – 0 / 2
= 1.5 m/s/s (m.s-2)
Velocity-time graphs
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient of a velocity : time graph.
(Remember gradient is the difference up divided by the difference across)
80
Acceleration = V - U
t
Calculate the acceleration for each
of the 4 sections of the graph.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient of a velocity:time graph. (Remember
gradient is the difference up divided by the difference across)
80
Calculate the acceleration for each
of the 4 sections of the graph.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
Acceleration = 40 - 0 = 4m/s2
10
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient of a velocity:time graph. (Remember
gradient is the difference up divided by the difference across)
80
Calculate the acceleration for each
of the 4 sections of the graph.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
Acceleration = 0 (no change in
velocity)
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient of a velocity:time graph. (Remember
gradient is the difference up divided by the difference across)
80
Calculate the acceleration for each
of the 4 sections of the graph.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
Acceleration = 20 - 0 = 2m/s2
10
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient of a velocity:time graph. (Remember
gradient is the difference up divided by the difference across)
80
Calculate the acceleration for each
of the 4 sections of the graph.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
Acceleration = 0 - 60 = -3m/s2
20
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can calculate
acceleration, determine
positive and negative
acceleration,
deceleration. I can
interpret types of
acceleration using
graphs.
WATCH ME
Calculating Distance
•The distance travelled by an object can be found by determining the area beneath
the graph
The distance travelled
can be found from the
area beneath the graph
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
Student must calculate
the distance travelled
using speed time graph.
KEY
VOCABULARY
Acceleration,
deceleration, area
under the curve
•If the area beneath the graph forms a triangle (the object is accelerating or
decelerating) then the area can be determined using the formula:
area = ½ x base x height
•If the area beneath the graph is a rectangle (constant velocity) then the area can be
determined using the formula:
area = base x height
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can answer literal and
inferential comprehension
questions
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
1. read a text and answer literal
questions using evidence in the
story to support answer
2. answer an inferential question
with the help of a peer
3. use dictionaries to know the
meaning of unfamiliar words
KEY
VOCABULARY
literal
inferential
medieval
armour
outdated
HELP ME
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can answer literal and
inferential comprehension
questions
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
1. read a text and answer literal
questions using evidence in the
story to support answer
2. answer an inferential question
with the help of a peer
3. use dictionaries to know the
meaning of unfamiliar words
KEY
VOCABULARY
literal
inferential
medieval
armour
outdated
HELP ME
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
Area =
200m2
40
20
0
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
Area =
400m2
Area =
200m2
40
20
0
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
Area =
400m2
Area =
200m2
40
20
0
Area =
400m2
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
Area =
400m2
Area =
100m2
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
Area =
200m2
40
20
0
Area =
400m2
10
20
30
40 50
Time/s
Velocity-time graphs
On a velocity – time (or speed – time) graph, the area under the line is numerically
equal to the distance travelled.
80
60
Velocity
m/s
Area =
400m2
Area =
100m2
Remember that the area of a
triangle is ½ x base x height.
Area =
200m2
40
20
0
Area =
400m2
10
20
30
Area =
600m2
40 50
The total distance travelled = 200 + 400 + 400 + 100 + 600 = 1700m
Time/s
Acceleration recap
V-U
Acceleration = change in velocity (in m/s)
(in m/s2)
time taken (in s)
A
T
1) Ollie accelerates on his bike from 0 to 10m/s in 5 seconds.
What is his acceleration?
2) Danny drops a ball on his foot and it accelerates downwards
at a rate of 10m/s2 for 12 seconds. What speed did it
reach?2. How long did this take?
3) A rocket accelerates from 1,000m/s at a rate of 20m/s2
for 2 minutes. What speed did it reach?
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80
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
T/s
10
20
30
40 50
1) How fast was the object going after 10 seconds?
2) What is the acceleration from 20 to 30 seconds?
3) What was the acceleration from 30 to 50s?
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4) How far did the object travel altogether?
20
10
Velocity
(ms-1)
0
-10
-20
Time/s
20
40
60
80 100
1) When did the object have zero acceleration?
2) What is the average acceleration from 0 to 40s?
3) What was the acceleration from 40 to 60s?
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4) How far did the object go between 50 and 100s?
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80
60
Velocity
m/s
40
20
0
T/s
10
20
30
40 50
This velocity-time graph shows Amy’s journey to school.
How far away does she live?
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2500m
Understanding
Velocity
40
30
Displacement
(metres)
20
10
0
Time/s
20
40
60
1) What’s the average velocity?
2) What’s the velocity at 60s?
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80 100
20
10
Displacement
(metres)
0
-10
-20
Time/s
20
40
60
80 100
1) What was the displacement after 20 seconds?
2) What was the velocity between 20 and 40 seconds?
3) When was this person travelling the fastest?
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4) What was the average speed for the first 40 seconds?
Considerlook
a bouncing
ball:
A closer
at motion
graphs
Velocity
Time
20/09/2023
A recap question
Vel (ms-1)
1) Calculate this object’s
acceleration during the
first 10 seconds
25
20
2) Estimate its
acceleration at 20
seconds
15
10
3) Estimate how far it
travelled altogether
5
0
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10
20
30
40
50
Time (s)
4) Calculate the object’s
average speed
Sketching Graphs 1
Vel (ms-1)
Disp (m)
25
20
80
15
60
10
40
20
5
0
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2
4
6
Time (s)
8
0
2
4
6
Time (s)
8
Sketching Graphs 2
Vel (ms-1)
25
Acc (ms-2)
Describe the motion
Plot the graph
20
15
10
5
0
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10
20
30
Time (s)
40
0
10
20
30
Time (s)
40
Sketching Graphs 3
Vel (ms-1)
Disp (m)
25
20
15
10
5
0
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10
20
30
Time (s)
40
0
10
20
30
Time (s)
40
Sketching Graphs 5
Disp (m)
Vel (ms-1)
25
20
15
0
5
20/09/2023
20
30
Time (s)
10
0
10
10
20
30
Time (s)
40
40
Sketching Graphs 6
Disp (m)
Vel (ms-1)
25
20
15
10
5
0
20/09/2023
10
20
30
Time (s)
40
0
10
20
30
Time (s)
40
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE
I can answer literal and
inferential comprehension
questions
SUCCESS
CRITERIA
1. read a text and answer literal
questions using evidence in the
story to support answer
2. answer an inferential question
with the help of a peer
3. use dictionaries to know the
meaning of unfamiliar words
KEY
VOCABULARY
literal
inferential
medieval
armour
outdated
SHOW ME
Worksheet