NUPC 114- CARE OF THE ADULT LECTURE = 2 UNITS ( 2 HOURS) RLE = 1 UNIT (51 RLE HOURS) 3 HOURS/WEEK INTRODUCTION Activity: (15 min) In ½ sheet of paper ( crosswise) Compose a story about your grandmother or grandfather. share your experiences being with them and describe them. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY GERONTOLOGY a. the scientific study of old age, the process of aging, and the problems of old people. b. is the study of aging and older adults. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY GERONTOLOGY c. is the study of the physical aspects of aging, as well as the mental, social and societal implications of aging. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY GERIATRIC a. relating to old people, especially regarding their healthcare. b. an old person who is receiving special care. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Social gerontology is seen as a science-based but applicationoriented subdiscipline of gerontology. It focuses particularly on social relationships in old age, social participation of elderly and old people and the protection of their individual needs. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Neuropsychology focuses both on basic research and on applied clinical research, to stimulate systematic investigation into brain-behaviour relationships and to improve clinical practice. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Genopharmacology The study of the effects of pharmaceuticals and other compounds on genome expression. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Gerontological nurses also called geriatric nurses, care specifically for elderly patients. Professionals who specialize in this area often work in rehabilitation centers, hospice facilities, nursing homes, geriatricians’ offices and patients’ homes for one-on-one care. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY The gerontological rehabilitation nurse demonstrates clinical expertise in the care provided to aging adults. This expertise includes assessing and identifying problems; planning, intervening in, and evaluating care; and participating in the interdisciplinary plan of care. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY ADLs (Activities of Daily Living) ADLs are defined activities with which elder care (or senior care) company caregivers aid. Most companies that provide care define ADLs very broadly, describing them as any non-medical activity needed in the home. For example, a company may say they help with the ADLs cooking, cleaning, bathing, dressing, meal preparation, continence care, transportation, exercise assistance, medication reminders, light housekeeping and companionship. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Hospice focuses on managing the medical needs and comfort of those who have been diagnosed with life-threatening diagnosis such as cancer, dementia, COPD, CHF, end-stage heart or lung disease or even failure to thrive marked by progressive decline in nutritional intake, functions, weight loss or sudden disorientation. INTRODUCTION TERMINOLOGY Medicare is a Federal health insurance program run by the Federal government and primarily covers people over the age of 65 (some Medicare recipients are under 65 but are disabled). Medicare benefits are either administered through its own system called Fee For Service (FFS) Medicare or through a Medicare Advantage plan run by a Managed Care Organization (MCO). • • • • INTRODUCTION Role of a Gerontological Nurse Assess the patient's mental status and cognitive (thinking) skills. Understand patient's acute and chronic health issues. Discuss common health concerns, such as falls, incontinence, changing sleep patterns and sexual issues. Organize medications. INTRODUCTION Role of a Gerontological Nurse In addition to providing direct care and coordinating services for older adults, gerontological nurses: advocate educate manage consult conduct research about the dynamic trends, issues, and opportunities related to aging and its effect on older adults. INTRODUCTION Review on the Development Process Prenatal Development Germinal period of Life the period of conception to two weeks of life. Embryonic Period of Life the life period of two weeks to eight weeks. The structures are of the cerebral system is built. dependent on the mother’s womb. INTRODUCTION Review on the Development Process Infancy and Toddlerhood Early childhood Middle childhood Adolescence Early Adulthood Middle Adulthood Late Adulthood Death & Dying Demographics is defined as statistical data about the characteristics of a population, such as the age, gender and income of the people within the population. When the census assembles data about people's ages and genders, this is an example of assembling information about demographics. Why is population aging important? Population aging now affects economic growth, formal and informal social support systems, and the ability of states and communities to provide resources for older citizens. ... We can think about preparing for older age on both an individual and societal level. Individual aging is a biocultural process that involves the transformation of the individual from “youth” to “elder” What are the 5 main different segments for demographics? 1.age 2. gender 3.occupation 4. cultural background 5. family status. Demographic Changes and Aging Population The U.S. population is aging. Today, there are more than 46 million older adults aged 65 and older living in the U.S.; by 2050, that number is expected to grow to almost 90 million. Between 2020 and 2030 alone, the time the last of the baby boom cohorts reach age 65, the number of older adults is projected to increase by almost 18 million. This means by 2030, 1 in 5 Americans is projected to be 65 years old and over. Demographic Changes and Aging Population The issue of aging is especially important in rural areas because residents tend to be older, on average, than those in urban areas. Older adults also disproportionately live-in rural areas. In 2010, one-quarter of all adults 65 years and older lived-in rural areas. Top countries With the Largest Percentage of Older Adults Rank country total population in millions 1 China 1398.3 2 India 1391.89 3 United States 329.15 4 Japan 126.18 Is Philippines an aging country? According to a 2018 study by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), the Philippines is on its way to becoming an “ageing society” in 2032. This means that in 13 years, Filipinos aged 65 years old and older will make up 7% of our country's total population. What is the present Demography of aging in the Philippines? The elderly population aged over 65 years increased from 2.7% of total population in 1990 to 3.6% in 1990. What is the present Demography of aging in the Philippines? The elderly is expected to comprise 7.7% of total population in 2025. The proportion of elderly is small due to the high fertility rate. Life expectancy averages 63.5 years. The Best Countries for Aging. RANK 1 2 3 4 COUNTRIES Switzerland Norway Sweden Germany What is the youngest country? With its formal recognition as a country in 2011, South Sudan stands as the youngest country on Earth. With a population of more than 10 million people, all eyes are focused on how the country will develop. How do Filipinos treat their elders? Respect for one's elders is traditional in the Philippines. When a Filipino child meets an older family member, the youth customarily greet them with a gesture called mano po, taking the older relative's hand and placing it on his or her own forehead to express profound respect for the elder. TYPES OF AGING Individual Aging Growing older Chronologically ( by number of years) Age: e.g., 60,70, 80 years old TYPES OF AGING Functional Aging Reflects ability to carry on in independent, self-sufficient life in which we take care of our own basic personal needs. E.g., self-care Some people can live a fully independent life at 80 or 90 because they have minimal physical disabilities. Others may require care at a much younger chronological age because of a higher number of functional limitations such as difficulties in walking, climbing stairs and getting up from bed, among others. TYPES OF AGING Population Aging Refers to the phenomenon where the proportion of older people to total population is increasing steadily so that a significant percentage now lives up to advanced old age. A country is aging if the proportion of people aged 60 and over is at least 7 % of the total. TYPES OF AGING Physical Aging Refers to how young or old are you in your looks e.g., 40 years old may look early 30’s Physical signs of aging: ‘laugh lines’ graying of hair, poorer eyesight Theories of Aging Biochemical Aging theories wear and tear theory : the person gets old as cells, nerves, muscles and body parts are worn out through the years. :the body is compared to a piece of cloth that gets torn through constant continuous wearing. Theories of Aging Biochemical Aging theories 2. Somatic mutation theory : describes how exposure to low doses of radiation accelerates the aging process. : this assumes that these exposures shorten the life span by mutating cells. E.g., exposure to the sun accelerates aging in the skin. Theories of Aging Biochemical Aging theory 3. Deprivation Theory: lack of essential nutrients and poor oxygen delivery to body cells lead to aging; as evidenced by localized brain cell death following a stroke or, deprivation of oxygen. Theories of Aging Physiological Theories of Aging 1.Stress Theory :describes aging as the cumulative effects of the stresses of living. : stresses leave residual effects that are accumulated over one’s life, depleting the physiologic body. Theories of Aging Physiological Theories of Aging 2. Adaptation Theory : links aging to failure of body mechanisms to adapt to stress. : these are evident in the lowered immune system in old age or diminished pulmonary function. Theories of Aging Psychosocial development Theory 1. Disengagement theory :involves withdrawal of older persons from the role's characteristic of middle age, socialization, work and related activities. E.g., some older persons stop being involved in social clubs or organizations. Theories of Aging Psychosocial development Theory 2. Activity Theory : holds that a self-concept of an older person is related to his/her social roles. Older persons who are more active have greater satisfaction in life. : this theory encourages continued activity and involvement in social activities. Theories of Aging Psychosocial development Theory 3.Continuity Theory : states that the factors in adjustment to old age are the previous coping mechanisms and continues roles and activities. Theories of Aging Physiologic Aspects of Aging Terminology: growth : is an increase in the physical size of a whole or any of its parts. This is manifested in length, weight, and width of the body. Development : is the continuous , elderly series of conditions that lead to activities, new motives for activities, and eventual patterns of behaviour and actuation of a person.
