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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II LAB 5 – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: ANATOMY
I.
INTRODUCTION
The respiratory system works with the cardiovascular system to carry oxygen to the cells and remove
carbon dioxide, one of the cell’s waste products. Today’s lab will examine the various structures
required for this gas exchange. Notice that the structure of the parts of the respiratory system predict
its functions.
II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Upon finishing today’s lab, you will be able to:
A. Identify the components of the Respiratory system.
B. Explain how the structure of the trachea, bronchioles and alveoli predict their functions.
C. Demonstrate the pathway air takes as it travels through the respiratory system.
D. Point out two pleural membranes and talk about the pleural space using a fruit model.
III. PROCEDURE
A. Prelab: Your Pre-lab quiz will be over this handout and Review Sheet 36, questions 1,4 and 8,
lab manual pp. 539-540. These are the midsagittal head and lower respiratory tract structures (lungs)
diagrams.
B. MODELS
Study and memorize the indicated structures associated with the following models:
1. Model of Midsagittal head (Lab manual, Table 36.1)
nostril (nares)
hard palate
soft palate
concha
nasal cavity
oral cavity
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
vocal fold (vocal cords)
epiglottis
glottis
hyoid bone
cricoid cartilage
esophagus
trachea
2. Lungs in Model of Human Torso (Lab manual, pp. 535, 536)
trachea
cartilage rings
lobes (each side)
esophagus
pulmonary artery
pulmonary veins
visceral pleura
parietal pleura
pleural cavity
bronchi
bronchioles
cardiac notch
alveolar sac (on the board)
alveoli
3. Model of Larynx (Lab manual, p. 534)
thyroid cartilage
laryngeal prominence
epiglottis cartilage
cricoid cartilage
cartilaginous rings
hyoid bone
4. Lung Models (Lab manual, p. 535)
pulmonary artery
pulmonary veins
cardiac notch
openings of bronchi
superior lobe right lung
middle lobe right lung
inferior lobe right lung
superior lobe left lung
inferior lobe left lung
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C. GROUP DRAWING OF RESPRITORY SYSTEM ANATOMY
• Work in groups of three. Each of you choose a different card from the TA. Record your card
number and your other two partners names and numbers in the table below. Also put your
card number in large letters at the top of your large drawing paper.
• Draw your illustration of the respiratory system on the large drawing paper. Also trace a
molecule of O2 using a dotted line (and arrows) as it passes on its way toward the lungs.
• Explain your finished drawing to the TA and obtain their signature.
• Teach the other two in your group with a different card number of the respiratory system.
Talk about each others drawing and ask the questions for that drawing from your card. Make
sure you teach each other well!
• Obtain a TA signature on your cover sheet after the table below is filled out completely.
• The Exit quiz will cover all models from B, C and D, what your group of three learned from
the three drawings and questions in C and the questions under “E. Virtual Scope”.
Your card number
______
Name of the two
other people in your
group:
_______________
TA signature to
certify you did your
drawing correctly.
Second persons
different card
number_____
Third persons
different card
number_____
Their Initials
Their Initials
_______________
D. Model - visceral & parietal pleura. Look at the tangerine model and name the two types of pleura
that this model represents. Where would the pleural space be located? ____________________
E. Virtual Microscopy. Identify the following structures from the histologic tissues using the Virtual
Microscope website http://histology.medicine.umich.edu/full-slide-list Choose respiratory system
and select the following slides from the dropdown menu:
1. Slide 126 Trachea and esophagus: Use Lab manual p. 537. Identify: cartilage,
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, seromucous glands in submucosa. Obtain a TA
signature after you ID these structures and answer these questions.
- Why are pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and the seromucous glands important for
healthy lung function? ____________________________________________________________
- What function does the cartilage in the trachea serve?__________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Slide 132 Lung: Use Lab manual p.538. Identify: alveolus, capillary, smooth muscle around a
bronchiole. Obtain a TA signature after ID these structures and answer these questions.
- What crosses the alveolar capillary wall (respiratory membrane)?_________________
- Why is smooth muscle important around bronchioles? ________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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