Immunization - Dates & Types Pediatrics: Infectious Disease Basic Concepts Immunizations, also called vaccines, are little doses of big dangerous viruses. It helps the body develop early immunity, so that it can form a defense system early in age. Immunizations are given to children, as the primary means of protecting the body against deadly communicable diseases like: ATI Question • Polio, • Hepatitis, • Pneumonia, • Varicella, • Measles, • Mumps, • Rubella (MMR) Communicable diseases... best primary prevention strategy? ● Obtaining scheduled immunizations HepB DTaP Hib IPV RV PCV13 Flu MMR Varicella HepA Top Tested Key Points NO LIVE Vaccines! Low Immune System • Varicella-zoster (chickenpox) NCLEX TIP • Influenza (flu shot) • MMR: measles, mumps, rubella • Rotavirus • Cancer: Leukemia, Lymphoma etc. NCLEX TIP • Chemotherapy & Radiation • Immunosuppressants (Methotrexate) • IVIG (immunoglobulin therapy) Side Note: Pregnant clients too Varicella Influenza Methotrexate Rotavirus MMR vaccine Top Missed NCLEX Questions The nurse should clarify with the provider before administering which vaccination? Varicella-zoster vaccine for client recently diagnosed with leukemia IVIG *Pregnant mothers don't have a low immune system but we don't give any live vaccines Saunders Question child receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy… which vaccine is contraindicated? ● MMR MMR vaccine HESI Question Varicella Contraindicated for children who are immunocompromised? Select all that apply. ● Varicella ● Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) Reaction After Vaccination Common ATI Question Severe! (expected) (NOT expected) • Mild fever NCLEX • Redness & swelling at injection site (Apply cold pack to site) Side NOTE: If the client has a common cold/minor illness? Yes still give vaccine TEST TIP • Fever above 102 F (38.9 C) NCLEX • Febrile seizures! Ask parents calling in: “What is your child’s temp right now?” Administer acetaminophen Over 102 Six month old infant scheduled for routine immunizations ... fever of 103 degrees… nurse’s BEST response is to: ● Advise the parent to have the child seen by the pediatrician but the immunizations will need to be postponed until the baby is well Saunders Question The student should question whether to administer immunizations to a child with which condition? ● A severe febrile illness HESI Question Vaccine Varicella Varicella and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines? ● Children can be vaccinated when they have the common cold >102ᴼF Vaccine Vaccine
