BGCSE DOUBLE PAPER 3 & 4 (3)

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TEL: 3957808, 71404007. WWW.STARACADEMYTUTORS.COM 2 1 Use words from the list to complete the following sentences. For Examiner’s Use Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. arteries lungs capillaries plasma fibrinogen platelets veins water heart red blood cells valves white blood cells Blood consists of three types of cells and ......................................... . The ......................................... contain a chemical called haemoglobin which combines with oxygen. Blood gains oxygen when it passes through blood vessels in the ......................................... . In the muscles, blood loses oxygen when it passes through blood vessels called ......................................... . Blood flows in only one direction because ......................................... are present. 2 [5] The following is a list of gases. carbon dioxide nitrogen carbon monoxide nitrogen oxide chlorine oxygen hydrogen sulphur dioxide Use the list to complete the following sentences. Each gas may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) The gas that displaces bromine from an aqueous solution of potassium bromide is ................................................... . [1] (b) ................................................... is a diatomic gas not present in polluted air. [1] (c) The test for ................................................... is that it will relight a glowing splint. [1] (d) The two gases which are reacted together to form ammonia are ................................................... and .................................................... . © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [2] 3 3 Fig. 3.1 shows a swinging pendulum in two different positions A and B. For Examiner’s Use pendulum bob position A position B Fig. 3.1 At position A, the pendulum bob changes the direction in which it is moving. (a) A stopwatch is started when the pendulum is at position A. The period of the pendulum is 1.0 s. State the number of times that the pendulum passes through position B in the next 1.5 s. number = .................................................. [1] (b) Fig. 3.2 shows the pendulum in position A. pendulum bob Fig. 3.2 On Fig. 3.2, draw an arrow to show the direction of the force of gravity on the pendulum bob. [1] (c) The pendulum bob has a mass of 0.014 kg. On Earth, the gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg. Calculate the weight of the pendulum bob. weight = .............................................. N [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 4 4 Fig. 4.1 shows the percentage composition of breast milk for four of five components. 7 6 5 4 composition % 3 2 1 0 sugar fat protein vitamins and minerals Fig. 4.1 (a) The percentage for water is not shown on the graph. Calculate the percentage water content of breast milk. percentage water = ..............................................% [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 For Examiner’s Use 5 (b) State three ways in which breast feeding is better for a baby than bottle feeding with formula milk. For Examiner’s Use 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 3. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 6 5 Fig. 5.1 shows some properties of six atoms or ions, A, B, C, D, E and F. For Examiner’s Use The letters are not the symbols of the elements. particle protons neutrons electronic structure A 6 8 2,4 B 8 8 2,6 C 11 12 2,8,1 D 12 12 2,8 E 17 18 2,8,8 F 18 22 2,8,8 Fig. 5.1 Use the letters A–F to answer the following. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. (a) State the letter that represents (i) a positive ion, ......................... (ii) an alkali metal atom, ......................... (iii) a noble gas atom. ......................... [3] (b) State the letters that represent atoms of elements in the third period of the Periodic Table. ...................... and ..................... [1] (c) State the letter that represents the element X that reacts with hydrogen to form a compound with the formula XH2. ................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 7 6 In hydroelectric power stations, water falls from a higher to a lower level. In one hydroelectric power station, a weight of 120 000 N of water falls through a vertical distance of 50 m. For Examiner’s Use (a) Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy of the water. change = .............................................. J [2] (b) The water is used to drive a turbine in the power station. Assume that all the potential energy of the water drives the turbine for 2.0 minutes. Use your answer from (a) to calculate the power input to the turbine. power input = ........................... unit ............... [3] 7 (a) Physical properties that change with temperature are used to measure temperature. Name two suitable physical properties. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) A clinical thermometer usually has a greater sensitivity and a smaller range than a laboratory thermometer. Explain what is meant by sensitivity, ........................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] range. ............................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 8 8 Respiration in humans may be either aerobic or anaerobic. Complete Table 8.1 by writing a ✓ or a ✗ in each box to compare the two types of respiration. Use ✓ if the statement is true. Use ✗ if the statement is false. Table 8.1 statement aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid releases carbon dioxide releases energy uses glucose uses oxygen [5] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 For Examiner’s Use 9 9 Table 9.1 shows the boiling points of some alkanes. For Examiner’s Use The general formula of alkanes is CnH2n+2. Table 9.1 alkane molecular formula boiling point / oC butane C4H10 0 pentane C5H12 36 hexane 68 heptane C7H16 octane C8H18 125 (a) Complete Table 9.1 by (i) writing the molecular formula of hexane, (ii) estimating the boiling point of heptane. [2] (b) The alkanes are a homologous series of compounds. Describe the characteristics of a homologous series. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Ethane is the second member of the alkane homologous series and has a molecular formula C2H6. (i) Draw the structure of ethane. [1] (ii) State the names of the products when ethane undergoes complete combustion. ........................................................... and ........................................................... [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 10 10 Fig. 10.1 shows a small cork floating on the surface of a pond. For Examiner’s Use small cork wave direction water surface Fig. 10.1 A wave travels along the surface and makes the cork move. (a) Which of the following describes the motion of the cork? left and right left only up and down up only ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Explain what is meant by the amplitude of a wave. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) The speed of the wave is 9.6 cm / s. The wavelength is 7.2 cm. Calculate the frequency of the wave. frequency = .................... unit ..................... [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 11 11 Fig. 11.1 shows three reactions of dilute sulfuric acid. copper(II) carbonate sulfuric acid sodium hydroxide For Examiner’s Use salt A + carbon dioxide + water sodium sulfate + colourless liquid B magnesium magnesium sulfate + gas C Fig. 11.1 (a) Identify A, B and C. salt A .................................................. colourless liquid B .................................................. gas C .................................................. [3] (b) State which of the three reactions can be performed using a pipette and burette. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) When Universal Indicator is added to dilute sulfuric acid the solution turns red. (i) Suggest the pH of the solution. ............................................................................ [1] (ii) The formula for sulfuric acid is H2SO4. State the formulae of the two different ions present in dilute sulfuric acid. .......................................................... and ........................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 12 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a section through a leaf cell. For Examiner’s Use A B C D E F Fig. 12.1 (a) Three of the structures labelled in Fig. 12.1 are also present in animal cells. State the three letters representing these structures and name the structures. Write your answers in Table 12.1. Table 12.1 letter name [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 13 (b) State two ways in which the structure of a root hair cell is different from the structure of the leaf cell shown in Fig. 12.1. For Examiner’s Use Explain the reason for each difference. difference one .................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [3] difference two .................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 14 13 Some hairdryers do not have an earth wire. They are double insulated. (a) Explain the meaning of double insulation. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Explain the importance of (i) the hairdryer having a plastic case and not a metal case, .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) not handling the hairdryer with wet hands. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Complete the sentence below about energy changes in a hairdryer. Electrical energy is changed into ......................... energy and ......................... energy. [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 For Examiner’s Use 15 14 Fig. 14.1 shows a section through a leaf. For Examiner’s Use C D E A B F Fig. 14.1 (a) Use letters on Fig. 14.1 to identify (i) an air space, .................... (ii) a palisade mesophyll cell, .................... (iii) a xylem cell. .................... [3] (b) A chemical present in chloroplasts enables the plant to carry out photosynthesis. The process involves light energy. (i) Name this chemical. ............................................. (ii) [1] State the form of the energy at the end of this process. ............................................. [1] (c) Name a process by which water vapour is lost from the leaf. ............................................. © UCLES 2013 [1] 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 16 15 Silane contains silicon and hydrogen and has the formula SiH4. For Examiner’s Use Silicon is in Group IV of the Periodic Table. (a) Complete Fig. 15.1 to show the arrangement of the outer shell electrons in a molecule of silane. H H Si H H Fig. 15.1 [2] (b) Silane reacts with water to form silicic acid and hydrogen. The equation for the reaction is SiH4 + 4H2O Si(OH)4 + 4H2 The relative molecular mass, Mr, of silicic acid is 96. [Ar: Si, 28; O, 16; H, 1] Complete the following sentences. .............. g of silane produces 96 g of silicic acid and .............. g of hydrogen. .............. g of silane produces 9.6 g of silicic acid and .............. g of hydrogen. .............. g of silane produces 1.2 g of silicic acid. [4] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 17 16 An isotope of uranium is uranium-238 ( 238 92U). (a) State the number of neutrons in a (b) A nucleus of 238 92U 238 92U nucleus. .................................. [1] For Examiner’s Use decays by emitting an alpha-particle to form a nucleus of thorium. Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons in this thorium nucleus. protons .................................. neutrons ................................ (c) A sample of per second. 238 92U [2] has a half-life of 4.5 billion years and emits 10 000 alpha-particles Calculate the number of alpha-particles that this sample will emit per second after 13.5 billion years. number = ................................................... [2] (d) Alpha-particles, beta-particles and gamma-rays have different ionising powers. Name the type of radioactive emission that is the least ionising. .................................................. [1] 17 (a) State one sign or symptom of gonorrhoea (i) that occurs in males only, .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) that occurs in females only. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) State the treatment for gonorrhoea. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [Turn over 18 18 Iron is a metal used to manufacture car bodies and machinery. For Examiner’s Use Iron can be prevented from rusting by galvanising. (a) Explain what is meant by galvanising. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) State one other method used to prevent iron from rusting. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State the two substances present in air that cause iron to rust. .................................................. and .................................................. [2] 19 Electrons are charged particles. State (a) the sign of the charge on an electron, .................................................. [1] (b) the unit of charge, .................................................. [1] (c) the name given to rate of flow of charge. .................................................. [1] 20 Ultraviolet radiation is a component of the electromagnetic spectrum. (a) State the name given to another component of the electromagnetic spectrum with frequencies higher than ultraviolet radiation. ........................................................... [1] (b) All electromagnetic waves are transverse. State an example of a longitudinal wave. ........................................................... © UCLES 2013 5129/22/O/N/13 [1] 2 1 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. antibodies enzymes platelets plasma fibrin For Examiner’s Use fibrinogen red white hormones water Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. The liquid part of the blood is called .................................................. . This liquid contains several different types of blood cell. The function of the .................................................. blood cells is to carry oxygen. The .................................................. blood cells carry out phagocytosis and produce .................................................. . The platelets help the blood to clot by turning .................................................. into .................................................. . © UCLES 2012 [6] 5129/21/O/N/12 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a paper chromatogram obtained from three coloured dyes and three unknown dyes W, X and Y. For Examiner’s Use pencil origin line yellow blue red dye W dye X dye Y Fig. 2.1 (a) Explain why the origin line on the chromatography paper is drawn using a pencil rather than a pen. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Which coloured dyes are present in dye W? .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Which of the unknown dyes W, X or Y is a pure substance? Explain your answer. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 4 3 A student measures the time for 20 complete oscillations of a pendulum. For Examiner’s Use She repeats the experiment for different lengths of the pendulum. The results are shown in Fig. 3.1. length / m time for 20 oscillations / s period / s 0.30 22.0 1.10 0.80 35.8 1.20 44.0 2.20 Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) Complete Fig. 3.1 by calculating the period of the pendulum for a length of 0.80 m. [1] (ii) Using the results from Fig. 3.1, state how the period of a pendulum varies with its length. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 5 (b) Three different positions of a swinging pendulum are shown in Fig. 3.2. For Examiner’s Use pendulum bob position A position C position B Fig. 3.2 (i) State the letter of the position or positions where the pendulum has most kinetic energy. .................................................. [1] (ii) State the energy changes that take place as the pendulum swings from position A to position B. from ........................................................ to ........................................................ [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 6 4 Information about the height and mass of humans is given in Fig. 4.1. 130 120 110 100 obese 90 mass / kg 80 overweight 70 correct weight 60 50 underweight 40 30 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 height / m 1.8 Fig. 4.1 The heights and masses of four students are: student A student B student C student D 1.75 m and 88 kg 1.65 m and 65 kg 1.82 m and 58 kg 1.45 m and 70 kg (a) State which student is obese and which student has the correct weight. obese student .................................................................................................................. student with correct weight .............................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 7 (b) Table 4.1 gives information about the energy and nutrients provided by 1.0 kg of six types of food. For Examiner’s Use Table 4.1 food energy / kJ protein /g fat /g carbohydrate /g oily fish 9700 170 190 0 eggs 6700 120 120 0 16000 250 310 0 milk 2900 31 39 50 beef 13000 150 280 0 1100 27 0 38 cheese leafy vegetables (i) An obese student wishes to reach a correct body mass. Name two foods in Table 4.1 that he should avoid. 1 ..................................... 2 ..................................... (ii) [2] Suggest another way, other than eating different foods, by which this student could reduce his body mass. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Leafy vegetables provide fibre in the diet. Explain (i) what is meant by fibre, .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) why it is important to include fibre in the diet. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 8 5 Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of an atom of carbon. For Examiner’s Use Key = neutron = proton Fig. 5.1 (a) For this atom, state (i) the nucleon number, ........................................................ (ii) the proton number. ........................................................ (b) Complete Fig. 5.1 to show the electronic structure of an atom of carbon. [2] [1] (c) Carbon combines with hydrogen to form methane, CH4. State the type of bonding present in methane and explain fully how the bonds are formed. type of bonding ................................................................................................................ explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 9 6 Two lamps are connected in parallel, as shown in Fig. 6.1. For Examiner’s Use switch A switch B switch C lamp X lamp Y Fig. 6.1 (a) There are three switches A, B and C in the circuit. State which switch, or switches, are closed to light lamp Y only. .................................................. [1] (b) With all the switches closed, the current in lamp X is 0.2 A. (i) The current from the cell is 0.5 A. Calculate the current in lamp Y. current = ............................................. A [1] (ii) The potential difference across lamp X is 1.5 V. Calculate the resistance of lamp X. resistance = ..................... unit .................... [3] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 10 7 The boxes on the left state processes carried out in the body. For Examiner’s Use The boxes on the right represent organs in the body. Draw one line from each process to the organ where the process takes place. process organ breaks down alcohol destroys hormones kidney excretes carbon dioxide liver excretes urea lung forms urea [5] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 11 8 The formula of sulfuric acid is H2SO4. For Examiner’s Use The formula of sodium hydroxide is NaOH. (a) (i) Name the ion that causes acidity. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Name the ion that causes alkalinity. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) When sulfuric acid is added to sodium hydroxide the solution becomes neutral. (i) What is the pH of the solution when it is exactly neutral? (ii) What is the colour of Universal Indicator in the neutral solution? ............... [1] ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Balance the equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. H2SO4 + .......... NaOH (iv) f Na2 SO4 + ......... H2O [1] Construct the ionic equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 13 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a ray of light incident on the surface of a glass block. The glass block is in air. normal incident ray For Examiner’s Use air 42° glass Fig. 9.1 (a) (i) Some of the incident light is reflected. On Fig. 9.1, draw the reflected ray. (ii) [1] Calculate the angle of reflection. angle of reflection = ...............................................° [1] (b) Some of the incident light is refracted. On Fig. 9.1, draw the refracted ray. © UCLES 2012 [1] 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 14 10 Fig. 10.1 shows the male reproductive system. For Examiner’s Use A B C D E F G Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) Use the letters on Fig. 10.1 to identify the prostate gland ................ testis ................ urethra ................ [3] (ii) State a reproductive function of each of the following structures. prostate gland .......................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. testis ......................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. urethra ...................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 15 (iii) Explain the importance of the scrotum for the production of healthy sperm. .................................................................................................................................. For Examiner’s Use .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) One method of male birth control involves a surgical procedure. On Fig. 10.1, mark with an X one of the tubes a surgeon would cut when carrying out this procedure. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 16 11 Study the reaction scheme in Fig. 11.1. alkane process A For Examiner’s Use ethene steam reagent B polymerisation colourless liquid C ethane solid D Fig. 11.1 (a) (i) (ii) Identify the process A. ................................................................. [1] Identify substances B, C and D. reagent B ............................................. colourless liquid C ............................................. solid D ............................................. [3] (b) Bromine water is used to show that ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. (i) What is meant by the term unsaturated? .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) How does the colour of the bromine water change when it is added to ethene? ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 17 12 A simple a.c. generator consists of a coil rotating in a uniform magnetic field. (a) Complete Fig. 12.1 to show how the voltage output of the generator varies with time during one rotation of the coil. [2] For Examiner’s Use + voltage output 0 time – Fig. 12.1 (b) State two factors affecting the size of the maximum voltage output of the generator. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) The generator has an average power output of 200 W. Calculate the electrical energy produced in 5 minutes. energy = .............................................. J [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 18 13 (a) Describe the intake of water by plants. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Fig. 13.1 shows the appearance of a healthy plant at 07.00 hours. Fig. 13.2 shows the appearance of the same plant 14 hours later. Fig. 13.1 (i) Fig. 13.2 State what has happened to this plant. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain what has caused this change. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 19 14 (a) Define relative molecular mass. .......................................................................................................................................... For Examiner’s Use ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) When it is heated, sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes to form sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water. The equation for the reaction is 2NaHCO3 f Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O The relative molecular mass, Mr , of sodium hydrogen carbonate is 84. (Ar: Na, 23; O, 16; C, 12; H, 1) Complete the following sentences. 168 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate produces ................. g of sodium carbonate and ................. g of carbon dioxide. 16.8 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate produces ................. g of sodium carbonate and ................. g of carbon dioxide. 4.2 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate produces ................. g of sodium carbonate. © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [4] [Turn over 20 15 A measuring cylinder contains 32 cm3 of water. A stone is added to the measuring cylinder, as shown in Fig. 15.1. cm3 50 40 30 water 20 stone 10 Fig. 15.1 (a) Use Fig. 15.1 to calculate the volume of the stone. volume = ......................................... cm3 [1] (b) The density of the stone is 3.0 g / cm3. Calculate the mass of the stone. mass = ............................................. g [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 21 16 A metal can is filled with hot water and placed on a metal table, as shown in Fig. 16.1. For Examiner’s Use thermometer metal can matt black surface metal table Fig. 16.1 The surface of the metal can is matt black. The temperature is seen to fall quickly. (a) Explain why the temperature falls more slowly when (i) the can is placed on a wooden table, .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) the surface of the can is shiny white instead of matt black. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Air above the can becomes heated and rises. Explain why hot air rises. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) A laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the water. Explain two differences between a laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometer and a clinical liquid-in-glass thermometer. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 [Turn over 22 17 Fig. 17.1 shows some properties of five elements, A, B, C, D and E. For Examiner’s Use The letters are not the symbols of the elements. element melting point / °C boiling point / °C electronic structure A –248 –246 2,8,8 B –7 59 2,8,18,7 C 63 766 2,8,1 D 119 444 2,8,6 E 659 2447 2,8,3 Fig. 17.1 Use the letters A – E to answer the questions. (a) Which element is a liquid at room temperature? ............................... [1] (b) Which element is in Group 3 of the Periodic Table? ............................... [1] (c) Which element is a solid non-metal at room temperature? Explain why you have chosen this element. element ............................................................................................................................ explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2012 5129/21/O/N/12 2 1 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. blood glands nerves main kidney system For Examiner’s Use liver target Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. Hormones are chemicals that are produced by ............................................. . Hormones are transported round the body by ............................................. . Each hormone affects the activity of a part of the body which is called the ............................................. organ. Hormones are destroyed by the ............................................. . 2 [4] (a) A weight of 2.5 N falls vertically through a distance of 2.4 m. Calculate the work done on the weight by the force of gravity. work done = ...................... unit ................... [3] (b) The falling weight is used to rotate a coil in a magnetic field. An e.m.f. is induced across the ends of the coil. State two factors that affect the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 3 3 Fig. 3.1 shows the path of a ball thrown from the top of a building. For Examiner’s Use path of ball ball Fig. 3.1 The ball is shown at one position in its path. (a) On Fig. 3.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of the force of gravity acting on the ball. [1] (b) On the path of the ball shown in Fig. 3.1 (i) mark where the ball has maximum potential energy and label this point P, [1] (ii) mark where the ball has maximum kinetic energy and label this point K. [1] (c) The ball accelerates because of the force of gravity. Explain what is meant by acceleration. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 4 4 Fig. 4.1 shows the electronic structure of a magnesium atom. For Examiner’s Use nucleus magnesium atom magnesium ion Fig. 4.1 (a) On Fig. 4.1, complete the electronic structure for the magnesium ion. [1] (b) Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide to form magnesium oxide and carbon. The equation for the reaction is 2Mg + CO2 f 2MgO + C The relative molecular mass, Mr , of carbon dioxide is 44. [Ar: Mg, 24; O, 16; C, 12] Complete the following sentences. 44 g of carbon dioxide produces ................. g of magnesium oxide and ................. g of carbon. 4.4 g of carbon dioxide produces ................. g of magnesium oxide and ................. g of carbon. 1.1 g of carbon dioxide produces ................. g of magnesium oxide. [4] (c) Magnesium oxide is a white solid with a high melting point. State the type of bonding present in magnesium oxide. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 5 5 A path is made by laying concrete slabs side-by-side. For Examiner’s Use Small gaps are left between the slabs. The gaps are filled with sand. Fig. 5.1 shows the slabs on a cold day. gap filled with sand concrete slab Fig. 5.1 (a) On a hot day, the gaps are smaller than on a cold day. Explain why. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Another path is laid on a cold day with no gaps between the concrete slabs. Suggest what may happen to this path on a very hot day. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 6 6 Fig. 6.1 shows an animal cell as seen using a microscope. For Examiner’s Use A B C Fig. 6.1 (a) (i) In Table 6.1, name each of the labelled parts. Table 6.1 letter name A B C [3] (ii) State a function of part A. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 7 (b) The structure of a red blood cell is different from that of the cell shown in Fig. 6.1. For Examiner’s Use State two ways in which the structure is different. Explain how each difference helps the red blood cell to carry out its function. difference 1 ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... explanation 1 ................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... difference 2 ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... explanation 2 ................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [6] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 8 7 Alpha-particles, beta-particles and gamma-rays are types of emission from radioactive sources. (a) State the type of emission that (i) is the most penetrating, ...................................... [1] (ii) consists of two protons and two neutrons. ...................................... [1] (b) A nucleus emits a beta-particle. State the change that occurs in the nucleus. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) A radioactive source is used in a laboratory experiment. State two precautions that are taken to use the source safely. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 9 8 Permanent magnets and electromagnets may be used to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials. For Examiner’s Use (a) State a difference between magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) An electromagnet is used in a simple lock. Fig. 8.1 shows part of this lock. iron bolt electromagnet spring Fig. 8.1 When the current is switched on, the iron bolt is pulled towards the electromagnet to lock the door. When the current is switched off, the spring pulls the iron bolt away from the electromagnet, unlocking the door. (i) Suggest why the bolt is made of iron rather than steel. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) The connections to the cell in Fig. 8.1 are reversed. State the difference, if any, that this makes to the working of the lock. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) State two ways in which the strength of the electromagnet may be increased. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 10 (c) Fig. 8.2 shows how the extension of the spring varies with the load on the spring. 4 extension / cm 3 2 1 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 load / N Fig. 8.2 Use Fig. 8.2 to find the load on the spring when it has an extension of 1.6 cm. load = ............................................. N [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 11 9 Study the reaction scheme shown in Fig. 9.1. copper(II) oxide acid A For Examiner’s Use copper(II) sulfate solution + liquid B zinc metal zinc sulfate solution + metal C Fig. 9.1 (a) Identify A, B and C. acid A ............................................... liquid B ............................................... metal C ............................................... [3] (b) Describe how copper(II) sulfate crystals may be obtained from the copper(II) sulfate solution. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State two general physical properties of substance C that show it is a metal. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 12 10 In an experiment, 20 seeds of the same species are placed in each of four tubes as shown in Fig. 10.1. A B C D oxygen absorber 20 seeds damp cotton wool 20 °C 20 seeds dry cotton wool 20 °C 20 °C damp cotton wool 4 °C Fig. 10.1 The conditions for each set of seeds are shown in Fig. 10.1. (a) Suggest why more than one seed is used in each tube. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) After several days, all the seeds in tube A germinate. None of the seeds in tubes B, C or D germinate. (i) Suggest a change that could be made to tube B so that the seeds germinate. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State a reason why germination does not occur in tube C. Explain your answer. reason ...................................................................................................................... explanation ............................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 13 (iii) State a reason why germination does not occur in tube D. For Examiner’s Use Explain your answer. reason ...................................................................................................................... explanation ............................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 14 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a series circuit. For Examiner’s Use 2.0 1 V Fig. 11.1 A voltmeter measures the potential difference (p.d.) across the 2.0 Ω resistor. (a) The variable resistor is adjusted so that the voltmeter reads 1.0 V. (i) Calculate the current in the 2.0 Ω resistor. current = ............................................. A [2] (ii) The p.d. across the battery terminals is 5.0 V. The voltmeter reads 1.0 V. Calculate the p.d. across the variable resistor. p.d. = ............................................. V [1] (b) The resistance of the variable resistor is increased. State what happens, if anything, to (i) the current in the variable resistor, ...................................................................... [1] (ii) the p.d. across the 2.0 Ω resistor. ........................................................................ [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 15 12 Fig. 12.1 shows the apparatus used to pass steam over heated zinc. For Examiner’s Use colourless gas mineral wool soaked with water zinc HEAT Fig. 12.1 The products of the reaction are zinc oxide and a colourless gas. (a) Complete the equation for the reaction. f ZnO + ......... Zn + H2O [1] (b) Explain how the equation in (a) shows that zinc is oxidised and steam is reduced during the reaction. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Zinc is used to prevent iron from rusting. (i) State the name of each of the two substances in air which cause iron to rust. .......................................................... and .......................................................... [2] (ii) State the name of the process where iron is treated with zinc to prevent rusting. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 16 13 Five similar fields are used for growing maize. They are treated with different quantities of nitrogen-containing fertiliser. The quantities of fertiliser added and the crop yields are shown in Fig. 13.1. 10 000 8000 6000 crop yield / kg per hectare field 3 4000 field 4 field 5 field 2 2000 field 1 0 0 50 100 150 200 nitrogen-containing fertiliser added / kg per hectare Fig. 13.1 (a) Explain how nitrogen-containing ions are able to pass from soil into a plant. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) (i) Using Fig. 13.1, state the crop yield when no nitrogen-containing fertiliser is added. .......................... kg per hectare [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 17 (ii) Calculate the increase in crop yield when 100 kg per hectare of nitrogen-containing fertiliser is used, rather than 50 kg per hectare. For Examiner’s Use Show your working. .......................... kg per hectare [2] (iii) Explain why the addition of nitrogen-containing fertiliser produces an increase in the yield of maize. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (iv) Use Fig. 13.1 to suggest the crop yield when 250 kg per hectare of nitrogencontaining fertiliser is used. .......................... kg per hectare [1] (c) Explain why most forms of life are dependent on plants carrying out photosynthesis. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 18 14 The first member of the alkene homologous series is ethene. For Examiner’s Use Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. (a) State the general formula of the alkenes. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Ethene reacts with hydrogen to form ethane. (i) State the type of reaction that takes place when ethene reacts with hydrogen. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State, in terms of bonds, how the structure of ethene differs from ethane. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Ethene undergoes polymerisation to form poly(ethene). Draw the structure of poly(ethene). [2] 15 (a) What is coronary heart disease? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State two causes of coronary heart disease. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 19 16 Fig. 16.1 shows a vernier scale and a micrometer scale. For Examiner’s Use vernier scale 0 10 0 10 mm 0 20 5 micrometer scale 15 mm Fig. 16.1 (a) The reading on the vernier scale is ............................................... mm. [1] (b) The reading on the micrometer scale is ............................................... mm. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 20 17 A bar is placed on a pivot and blocks of mass m1 and m2 are placed on the bar, as shown in Fig. 17.1. block, mass m1 block, mass m2 d2 d1 bar Fig. 17.1 The bar is horizontal. The distances d1 and d2 of the blocks from the pivot are shown in Fig. 17.1. The masses and their distances from the pivot may be changed so that the bar stays horizontal, tips clockwise or tips anticlockwise. Fig. 17.2 shows the bar tipping anticlockwise. bar tipping anticlockwise Fig. 17.2 © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 For Examiner’s Use 21 Different masses m1 and m2 and distances d1 and d2 are shown in Table 17.1. Complete Table 17.1 by stating whether the bar is horizontal, tips clockwise or tips anticlockwise. The first line has been completed for you. For Examiner’s Use Table 17.1 m1 / g d1 / cm m2 / g d2 / cm horizontal, tips clockwise, tips anticlockwise. 20 15 20 15 horizontal 20 15 20 20 30 15 20 15 10 15 5 15 30 10 25 12 [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/22/O/N/12 [Turn over 22 18 (a) Phosphine contains phosphorus and hydrogen and has the formula PH3. For Examiner’s Use Phosphorus is in Group V of the Periodic Table. Complete Fig. 18.1 to show the arrangement of the outer-shell electrons in a molecule of phosphine. H P H H [2] Fig. 18.1 (b) Complete the following sentences. The type of bonding present in phosphine is .................................................... . Compounds with this type of bonding have .................................................... melting points and are formed when a .................................................... combines with a .................................................... . © UCLES 2012 [3] 5129/22/O/N/12 2 1 (a) Both animal and plant cells contain a nucleus. State two other features found in (i) animal cells, 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... (ii) plant cells. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [4] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows a cell. Fig. 1.1 State whether this is a plant cell or an animal cell. ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows an extension – load graph for an elastic band. extension / cm 12 8 4 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 load / N Fig. 2.1 (a) What load gives an extension of 5.0 cm? ..............................N [1] ..............................N [2] (b) The length of the elastic band with no load is 8.0 cm. What load gives the elastic band a length of 14.0 cm? (c) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus that may be used to obtain an extension – load graph for an elastic band. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 4 3 Fig. 3.1 represents the particles in different substances at room temperature. A B C D E F Fig. 3.1 Which diagram could represent (a) a gaseous element, ..................................... (b) an alloy, ..................................... (c) a gaseous mixture, ..................................... (d) sodium chloride, ..................................... (e) air? ..................................... [5] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a ray of light from a pin. The light is incident on a plane mirror. mirror pin Fig. 4.1 (a) On Fig. 4.1, (i) draw the reflected ray, (ii) mark with an X the position of the image of the pin. [3] (b) Fig. 4.2 shows a ray of light passing from air into a glass block. The normal to the surface of the glass is shown. glass block B 30° air normal Fig. 4.2 (i) Calculate the angle of incidence. .............................................................................. (ii) Name angle B. .......................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 6 5 Fig. 5.1 shows a seedling with its roots in a coloured dye solution. The dye travels slowly up the stem to the leaves. leaf coloured dye solution Fig. 5.1 (a) After four hours, a section of one of the leaves is examined under a microscope. Fig. 5.2 shows the section as seen under the microscope. A B C D Fig. 5.2 (i) In which region, A, B, C or D will the coloured dye be seen? ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name the tissue chosen in (a)(i). ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 7 (b) (i) Name the chemical process for which the leaf uses water. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Suggest two other uses for water in a plant. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [3] (c) A healthy seedling is growing in a sunny place, but there is not enough water around its roots. (i) Describe how the appearance of the seedling changes after several hours. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Explain why the changes in (c)(i) take place. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 8 6 Fig. 6.1 shows a balanced uniform metre rule. The knife edge is at the 50.0 cm mark and the 0.1 N weight is at the 20.0 cm mark. 0 cm mark 20.0 cm mark 50.0 cm mark 0.1 N 0.2 N knife edge Fig. 6.1 (a) Calculate the anticlockwise moment of the 0.1 N weight about the knife edge. .........................N cm [2] (b) Calculate the distance of the 0.2 N weight from the knife edge. ............................cm © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [2] For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 9 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a blast furnace for the extraction of iron from haematite, Fe2O3. waste gases raw materials firebrick lining air slag molten iron Fig. 7.1 (a) Name the raw materials put in at the top of the blast furnace with the haematite. ............................................................... and ...............................................................[2] (b) (i) Balance the following equation for the reduction of haematite to iron. Fe2O3 + ....... CO (ii) → .......Fe + ....... CO2 Carbon monoxide acts as a reducing agent in the reaction. Explain the meaning of the term reducing agent. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] (c) (i) Name the two substances that cause iron to rust. .............................................................. and ............................................................. (ii) State what is meant by galvanising and explain how it prevents iron from rusting. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [4] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 10 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a longitudinal section through a blood vessel. Fig. 8.1 (a) State whether Fig. 8.1 shows an artery or a vein and give a reason for your choice. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State two other differences between arteries and veins. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 11 (c) Fig. 8.2 shows blood flowing towards the small intestine and away from it, during digestion of a meal. For Examiner’s Use small intestine blood vessels Fig. 8.2 The blood leaving the intestine has changed. State one change that has taken place in (i) the oxygen content of the blood, ................................................................................................................................... (ii) the pressure of the blood, ................................................................................................................................... (iii) the concentration of glucose dissolved in the blood. ................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 12 9 (a) Heat is transferred in solids by conduction. Explain how the molecules in a solid are involved in conduction. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (b) Fig. 9.1 shows a convector heater in a room. This produces a convection current in the air in the room. Draw arrows on Fig. 9.1 to show the directions of the flow of air in the room. ceiling convector heater floor Fig. 9.1 [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 13 10 Argon is an element in Group 0 of the Periodic Table. One isotope of argon is represented below. For Examiner’s Use 40 18 Ar (a) How do isotopes of an element differ from one another? .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) How many neutrons are present in one atom of 40 Ar? 18 ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Explain why argon has no chemical reactions. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (d) State one use of argon. ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 11 The ammeter in Fig. 11.1 reads 0.2 A. A X 4Ω Z 4Ω Y Fig. 11.1 (a) State the current at Z. ..................................................................................................[1] (b) Calculate the potential difference between (i) X and Z, (ii) X and Y. [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 15 12 Fig. 12.1 shows the female reproductive system. P Q R Fig. 12.1 (a) Name and state the function of the parts labelled P, Q and R. P name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... Q name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... R name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... [6] (b) On Fig. 12.1 (i) label with an X the place where sperm are deposited, (ii) label with a Y where eggs are normally fertilised. [2] (c) A woman begins to menstruate on July 1st. When is the next date that she is likely to ovulate? ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 16 13 (a) State the difference between magnetic and non-magnetic materials. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) Insulated wire is wrapped round a core as shown in Fig. 13.1. A current is passed through the wire to form an electromagnet. core coil Fig. 13.1 (i) Suggest a suitable material for the core. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) State two ways by which the strength of the electromagnet may be increased. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [3] 14 (a) Name two gases that pollute the atmosphere. For each one, state a source of the pollutant. gas 1 ................................................................................................................................ source .............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... gas 2 ................................................................................................................................ source .............................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................[4] (b) Describe an effect of one of these gases on the environment. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 17 15 Alpha-particles, beta-particles and gamma-rays are three types of radioactive emissions. (a) State which type is (i) the most penetrating, ................................................................................................ (ii) the most ionising, ...................................................................................................... (iii) part of the electromagnetic spectrum. ...................................................................... [3] (b) State what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive material. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (c) A radioactive material emits beta-particles. Fig. 15.1 shows the number of beta-particles emitted in one second at two different times. time/hours number of particles emitted in one second 0 400 24 100 Fig. 15.1 Calculate the half-life of the radioactive material. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 18 16 The first member of the alkene homologous series is ethene. Ethene, C2H4, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. (a) Explain what is meant by unsaturated. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State the general formula of the alkenes. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Ethanol, C2H5OH, can be produced by reacting ethene with steam. (i) State one condition required for this reaction. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Deduce the equation for the reaction. ................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) Ethene undergoes polymerisation to form poly(ethene). Draw the structure of the polymer molecule. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a ball floating on the surface of a pond. A wave travels across the surface and makes the ball move. wave direction water surface Fig. 1.1 (a) Which of the following describes how the ball moves? left and right left only up and down right only .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Waves on the surface of water are transverse waves. What is meant by transverse? .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Give one example of a longitudinal wave. .................................................................. [1] 2 An object has a mass of 2.5 kg. On Earth the gravitational field strength, g = 10 N / kg. (a) How much does the object weigh on Earth? [1] (b) The object has a volume of 1000 cm3. Calculate its density. [3] (c) The object is taken to the moon. Will the density increase, decrease or stay the same? ....................................................... © UCLES 2004 [1] 5129/02/O/N/04 For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 3 3 Fig. 3.1 shows red blood cells. magnification = × 900 Fig. 3.1 (a) State one way in which these cells differ from typical animal cells. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) When red blood cells are placed in distilled water they swell and burst. When plant cells are placed in distilled water they swell, but do not burst. (i) Name the process that causes the cells to swell. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain why the cells swell. ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Explain why plant cells do not burst when placed in distilled water. ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 4 4 Copper reacts with silver nitrate to produce a solid and a blue solution. (a) Name the products of the reaction. products ..................................................... and ...................................................... [2] (b) Iron reacts with copper(II) sulphate. Place the elements copper, iron and silver in order of reactivity, with the most reactive first. most reactive ................ ................ ................ least reactive [1] (c) Aluminium is more reactive than iron. Explain why aluminium does not corrode as easily as iron. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5 All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum. (a) State this speed. ................................... m / s [1] (b) X-rays have higher frequencies than visible light. Define frequency . .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Name the component of the electromagnetic spectrum that has the longest wavelength. .......................................... [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 For Examiner’s Use 5 6 Fig. 6.1 shows information about some fuels. formula of a hydrocarbon present in the fuel boiling point of the hydrocarbon / °C petrol C8H18 126 kerosene C11H24 196 diesel C17H36 303 fuel Fig. 6.1 (a) (i) Name the raw material from which the fuels are obtained. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name the process used to separate the fuels from the raw material. ................................................................................................................................... (iii) What difference in physical property allows this separation to take place? ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [3] (b) The hydrocarbons shown in Fig. 6.1 belong to the same homologous series of compounds. (i) Deduce the general formula of this homologous series. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name this homologous series. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (c) (i) Complete the word equation for the complete combustion of octane, C8H18. octane + oxygen → ......................................... + ......................................... (ii) Name the gas produced by the incomplete combustion of octane in a car engine. ............................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 6 7 (a) The cells of a bean seed contain an amylase. (i) What type of substance is this? ................................................................................................................................... (ii) What change does it cause? ................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Two cubes of side 5 mm are cut from the cotyledons of the same bean seed. One cube is placed in 10 cm3 of a 1% solution of starch in beaker A as shown in Fig. 7.1. The other cube is chopped up and made into a paste using distilled water. The paste is added to 10 cm3 of a 1% solution of starch in beaker B and then stirred. 1% solution of starch 1% solution of starch containing bean paste bean cube A B Fig. 7.1 Drops of solution from beakers A and B are tested every minute for the amount of starch. The results are plotted on Fig. 7.2. amount of starch A B 0 0 time Fig. 7.2 © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 7 (i) What does the graph in Fig. 7.2 show about how the amount of starch changes in both beakers? For Examiner’s Use ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Describe and explain why the change in beaker A is different from the change in beaker B. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] (iii) Explain why no starch remains in beaker B at the end of the experiment. ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iv) Suggest what substance is now found in this beaker. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) What is the importance of amylase during the germination of bean seeds? .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] 8 A 10 N weight falls 0.6 m on to the floor. (a) Calculate the work done on the weight by the force of gravity. [2] (b) State the type of energy lost as the weight falls. ........................................................ [1] (c) State the gain in kinetic energy of the weight. ............................................................ [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 8 9 (a) Name the unit of electric charge. ................................ [1] (b) In a lightning strike, there is a current of 100 000 A for a time of 0.0002 s. Calculate the charge that passes in the strike. [2] 10 Fig. 10.1 shows the arrangement of electrons in the atoms of six different elements, A – F. The letters are not the chemical symbols of these elements. atom electron arrangement A B C D E F 2,5 2,8 2,8,2 2 2,8,7 2,8,4 Fig. 10.1 Use the letters to answer the following questions. (a) Which two elements are in the same group of the Periodic Table? ................................................................ and ................................................................ (b) Which element is a noble gas? ........................................................................................ (c) Which element has proton number 17? ........................................................................... (d) Which element is a metal? ............................................................................................... (e) Which two elements will combine together to form an ionic compound? ............................................................. and ............................................................. [5] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 For Examiner’s Use 9 11 (a) The human diet sometimes includes butter. (i) Name the main food substance (nutrient) in butter. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State two uses of this nutrient in the body. 1. ............................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Many people eat too much of this nutrient. (i) What form of malnutrition does this cause? ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State which blood vessels are especially affected by too much of this nutrient in the diet. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Explain how too much of this nutrient in the diet may lead to death. ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a vernier scale and a micrometer scale. vernier scale micrometer scale 0 10 20 25 45 40 0 10 mm mm 35 30 Fig. 12.1 (a) The vernier scale reads ..................................... mm. [1] (b) The micrometer scale reads ..................................... mm. [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 10 13 Ammonia is an alkaline gas. It reacts with sulphuric acid to give ammonium sulphate. (a) (i) What type of reaction occurs between ammonia and sulphuric acid? ................................................................................................................................... (ii) What is the colour of Universal Indicator in aqueous ammonia? .................................................... (iii) State the formula of the ion present in ammonia solution that causes the solution to be alkaline. ................................... [3] (b) The formula of ammonium sulphate is (NH4)2SO4. How many different elements are present in ammonium sulphate? .......................... [1] (c) Explain why ammonium sulphate is used as a fertiliser. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 For Examiner’s Use 11 14 (a) (i) Define asexual reproduction. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) How can asexual reproduction be an advantage to an organism? ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) (i) How do the offspring of sexual reproduction differ from those produced by asexual reproduction? ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Suggest how sexual reproduction can be an advantage to a species. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] (c) (i) How is a human zygote formed? ................................................................................................................................... (ii) What does a zygote become? ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 12 15 A boy runs along a road. Fig. 15.1 shows how his speed varies with time. speed m/s 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 time / s Fig. 15.1 (a) At what time does the boy stop accelerating? ....................... [1] (b) Calculate the distance travelled between the times 10 s and 15 s. [2] (c) The road is not straight and the boy cannot run in a straight line. Explain why it is not possible to run along the road at constant velocity. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 13 16 Both laboratory and clinical thermometers contain liquid. The volume of the liquid changes with temperature. For Examiner’s Use (a) Name one physical property of matter, other than volume, that also changes with temperature. .......................... [1] (b) Clinical thermometers contain a constriction, as shown in Fig. 16.1. constriction Fig. 16.1 Explain the purpose of the constriction. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) A clinical thermometer is usually more sensitive than a laboratory thermometer. Explain what is meant by sensitivity. .................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/O/N/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 17 The equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is shown below. 2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2 Manganese(IV) oxide acts as a catalyst. (a) What is a catalyst ? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Describe a test to show that the gas given off is oxygen. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) (i) What are the relative molecular masses of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen? [Ar : H, 1; O, 16.] hydrogen peroxide ........................................................ oxygen ........................................................ (ii) [2] What mass of oxygen is produced when 17 g of hydrogen peroxide decomposes? ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] 18 From this list, select words to fill in the gaps in the sentences below. You may use the words once, more than once, or not at all. antibiotics cure bacterium HIV/AIDS condoms contraceptive pills sexual intercourse virus The condition known as HIV/AIDS is caused by a ......................................... that is passed on by ......................................... . There is no known ......................................... for this condition. Gonorrhoea is a disease caused by a ......................................... , so it can be treated and cured by using ......................................... . Both diseases can be prevented from being passed on by using ......................................... . It is possible to catch ......................................... by using needles that have been used by an infected person. © UCLES 2004 [7] 5129/02/O/N/04 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a mains plug. For Examiner’s Use A B neutral wire Fig. 1.1 (a) Name (i) the wire labelled A, ................................................... [1] (ii) the component labelled B. ................................................... [1] (b) State the colour of the neutral wire. © UCLES 2011 ................................................... [1] 5129/02/M/J/11 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a root hair cell. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 2.1 (a) Name two substances that are absorbed by root hair cells from the soil. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Explain how the structure of a root hair cell helps it to absorb these substances efficiently. Make reference to (i) the shape of the cell, .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) the cell wall. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Which part of the cell controls the movement of substances in and out of the cytoplasm? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 4 3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows the outline of part of the Periodic Table. Fig. 3.1 The following statements describe some properties of four elements W, X, Y and Z. The letters are not the chemical symbols of the elements. • W is a halogen and is a gas. W displaces bromine from potassium bromide solution. • X is a soft metal which has the lowest melting point in its group. It reacts violently with water producing an alkaline solution. • An atom of Y contains 13 protons and has 3 electrons in its outermost shell. • Z is a gaseous non metal. It forms the Z2– ion, when it reacts with metal X. Use the letters W, X, Y and Z to place each element in an appropriate position on Fig. 3.1. [4] (b) Element X and element W form a compound XW. Suggest the type of bonding present in compound XW. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 236 (a) Nuclei of the isotope of plutonium 94 Pu emit alpha particles. The half-life of this isotope is 2.9 years. A sample of this plutonium emits 4,000 alpha particles per second. For Examiner’s Use Calculate how long it takes for the rate to fall to 1,000 alpha particles per second. time = ...................................... years [2] (b) For a nucleus of 236 94 Pu, what is the number of (i) protons, ................................................... [1] (ii) neutrons? ................................................... [1] (c) State the nature of an alpha particle. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) When an alpha particle approaches the nucleus of any atom, it is repelled. Explain why. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] 5 (a) Magnesium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and water. The equation for the reaction is MgO + 2HCl MgCl 2 + H2O The relative molecular mass, Mr, of magnesium chloride is 95. [Ar: Mg, 24; O, 16; H, 1] Complete the following sentences. ............... g of magnesium oxide produces 95 g of magnesium chloride and ............... g of water. ............... g of magnesium oxide produces 4.75 g of magnesium chloride. [3] (b) Suggest the names of two other substances which react with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride. ............................................................ and ............................................................ © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [2] [Turn over 6 6 Two groups of wheat seeds are treated in different ways. For Examiner’s Use Group A – soaked in water for 24 hours. Group B – left unsoaked. Each group of seeds is then scattered onto a different starch-agar plate, as shown in Fig. 6.1, and kept at 25 °C. starch-agar plates soaked seeds Group A Group B seeds left unsoaked Fig. 6.1 After three days, the seeds are removed from each starch-agar plate and the plates are tested for starch by adding iodine solution. Iodine solution is brown but turns blue-black in the presence of starch. The results are shown in Fig. 6.2. blue-black areas brown areas Group A Group B Fig. 6.2 © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 7 (a) Describe the difference between the starch content of the plate for Group A and the plate for Group B at the end of the experiment. For Examiner’s Use .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Name the enzyme, produced by seeds, which causes the difference between the two plates. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Explain the function of this enzyme in a germinating seed by stating (i) what substance it produces, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) why this substance is needed by the seed. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] 7 Use the words from the list to complete the sentences below. arteries plasma glucose urea heart valves hormones veins Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Blood is pumped round the circulatory system by the muscular contractions of the .......................................... . The blood is kept flowing in the correct direction by .......................................... in the heart and in the .......................................... . The circulatory system is a transport system, which carries soluble food substances such as .......................................... and waste products such as .......................................... . [5] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 8 8 Fig. 8.1 shows how the potential difference across a lamp varies with the current passing through it. 14 12 potential 10 difference / V 8 6 4 2 0 0 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 1.0 current / A 1.2 Fig. 8.1 (a) Use Fig. 8.1 to find (i) the potential difference across the lamp for a current of 0.5 A, potential difference = ................................................... V (ii) the current for a potential difference of 9 V. current = ................................................... A [2] (b) The current in the lamp is 0.5 A. Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = ...................................... unit ................... [2] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 For Examiner’s Use 9 9 Fig. 9.1 shows some reactions of ethene. For Examiner’s Use ethane liquid B steam + catalyst gas A + catalyst ethene brown liquid D process C 1,2-dibromoethane poly(ethene) Fig. 9.1 (a) Identify A, B, C and D. gas A ....................................................... liquid B ..................................................... process C ................................................. brown liquid D .......................................... [4] (b) Ethene burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water. Balance the equation for the reaction. C2H4 + .......... O2 .......... CO2 + .......... H2O [1] (c) State one use of poly(ethene). .................................................................. © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [1] [Turn over 10 10 The percentages of the population with HIV infection in five different towns are shown in Fig. 10.1. percentage of the population with HIV infection 10 5 0 town A town B town C town D town E Fig. 10.1 The percentages of the population who are heroin users in the same five towns are shown in Fig. 10.2. percentage 6 of the population who are heroin users 4 2 0 town A town B town C town D town E Fig. 10.2 © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 For Examiner’s Use 11 (a) It is suggested that the differences in HIV infection are linked to differences in heroin use. For Examiner’s Use Use Fig. 10.1 and Fig. 10.2 to give (i) one piece of evidence that supports this idea, .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) one piece of evidence that does not support this idea. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Explain why heroin users are likely to be infected by HIV. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State one other problem, apart from increased risk of infection, that is associated with heroin abuse. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 12 11 A hydroelectric power station uses water flowing from a high level to a lower level. For Examiner’s Use Complete the following sentences. As the water falls it loses ........................................................ energy. The turbine and generator convert ........................................................ into electrical energy. Some energy is wasted as ........................................................ energy. [3] 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a spanner being used. A moment of 30 N m is needed to tighten the nut. 0.15 m force nut spanner Fig. 12.1 Calculate the force applied to the spanner. force = ..............................................N [2] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 13 13 Two isotopes of nitrogen are represented by the following symbols. 14 7 15 7 N For Examiner’s Use N (a) What are isotopes ? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Complete the following table. isotope 14 7 N 15 7 N number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons 7 7 8 [3] (c) Oxides of nitrogen are produced when a fuel is burned in a car engine. State why oxides of nitrogen cause the corrosion of buildings. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 14 14 The transformer shown in Fig. 14.1 is used to reduce mains voltage to 12 V. The transformer has two coils and a core. For Examiner’s Use core 12 V mains supply Fig. 14.1 (a) State the name of the coil connected to the mains supply. .................................................................. [1] (b) Name a suitable material for the core. .................................................................. [1] (c) Explain, in detail, the operation of a transformer. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 15 15 (a) Give a word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] For Examiner’s Use (b) Explain why anaerobic respiration sometimes takes place in the human body. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State three ways in which aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ...................................................................................................................................... [3] 16 A glass bottle containing sodium chloride is dropped and it breaks. The broken bottle and the sodium chloride are swept up and put into a beaker. Water is added to the mixture in the beaker. Solid sodium chloride is recovered from this mixture. Use words from the list below to complete the following sentences. Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. evaporation soluble distillation solution filtration solute insoluble solvent The glass does not dissolve in the water because it is .......................................................... . Sodium chloride dissolves in the water to form a solution, because water is a .......................................................... for sodium chloride. The glass is separated from the mixture by .......................................................... . Solid sodium chloride is obtained from the solution by .......................................................... of the water. [4] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 16 17 Fig. 17.1 shows a food web. For Examiner’s Use eagle stoat rabbit hare adder grouse shrew bee beetle heather Fig. 17.1 (a) Use the food web in Fig. 17.1 to complete this food chain. ................................ beetle ................................ eagle [2] (b) From the food web in Fig. 17.1 name (i) one producer, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) one carnivore. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) What is the source of energy for this food web? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Energy flow in food webs is non-cyclical. Explain the meaning of the term non-cyclical. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 17 18 Temperature may be measured with a laboratory thermometer or a clinical thermometer. (a) State two differences between a laboratory thermometer and a clinical thermometer. For Examiner’s Use 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The temperature reading of a liquid-in-glass thermometer increases as the liquid inside the thermometer changes. State the change, if any, in (i) the volume of the liquid, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) the density of the liquid. .............................................................................................................................. [1] 19 A car has an acceleration of 2.5 m / s2. The force accelerating the car is 3750 N. (a) State what is meant by acceleration. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Calculate the mass of the car. mass = ........................................... kg [2] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 [Turn over 18 20 Fig. 20.1 shows elements in the reactivity series. element Cu H Fe For Examiner’s Use C Zn Ca Na K increasing reactivity Fig. 20.1 (a) (i) (ii) Name an ore of iron. ................................................... [1] Explain, using the reactivity series, why iron can be extracted from an ore by heating with carbon. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Iron rusts but stainless steel does not. In what way does stainless steel differ from the element iron? .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) From the list of elements in Fig. 20.1, state the name of one metal that does not react with hydrochloric acid. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2011 5129/02/M/J/11 2 1 Two resistors of resistance 10 Ω and 50 Ω are connected in parallel. A cell is connected across the resistors as shown in Fig. 1.1. 50 Ω 10 Ω Fig. 1.1 The current in the 10 Ω resistor is 0.15 A. The current in the 50 Ω resistor is 0.03 A. Calculate (a) the current through the cell, current = ............................................. A [1] (b) the potential difference across the 50 Ω resistor, potential difference = ............................................. V [2] (c) the charge passing through the 10 Ω resistor in 5 minutes. charge = .................... unit .................... [3] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 3 2 When ammonia is dissolved in water, an alkaline solution is produced. (a) (i) State the colour of Universal Indicator paper after it has been dipped into the solution. .......................................................... (ii) For Examiner’s Use [1] Which ion in the solution causes it to be alkaline? .......................................................... [1] (b) When sulfuric acid is added to ammonia solution in a titration experiment, ammonium sulfate is produced. Complete the following sentences. Exactly 25.0 cm3 of ammonia solution is added to a conical flask using a .......................................................... . A few drops of indicator solution are added to the conical flask and sulfuric acid is added slowly from a .......................................................... until the indicator shows that the solution is .......................................................... . [3] (c) Ammonium sulfate contains the ammonium ion NH4+ and the sulfate ion SO42–. (i) Deduce the formula of ammonium sulfate. ........................................................... [1] (ii) State a large-scale use of ammonium sulfate. .............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 4 3 A satellite orbits the Earth as shown in Fig. 3.1. For Examiner’s Use satellite Earth Fig. 3.1 (a) In every 24 hours the satellite travels a distance of 2.7 × 108 m at constant speed. Calculate the speed in m / s of the satellite. speed = ........................................ m / s [2] (b) The satellite has a mass of 200 kg and the force on it is 45 N. Calculate the acceleration of the satellite. acceleration = ....................................... m / s2 [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 5 4 A flower that has been cut in half is shown in Fig. 4.1. For Examiner’s Use petal X Z Y Fig. 4.1 (a) Name the structures labelled X, Y and Z. X .............................................................. Y .............................................................. Z ............................................................... [3] (b) State and explain the main function of the petals of the flower. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) In which part of the flower is pollen produced? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 6 5 The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Fig. 5.1 shows the arrangement of the particles in a solid. For Examiner’s Use process A process B solid liquid gas Fig. 5.1 (a) Complete Fig. 5.1 to show the arrangement of the particles in a liquid and in a gas. [2] (b) State the names of each of the processes A and B. process A ................................................. process B ................................................. © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [2] 7 6 (a) A physical property that changes with temperature can be used to measure temperature. Name two suitable physical properties. For Examiner’s Use .............................................................. and .............................................................. [2] (b) State two differences between laboratory and clinical liquid-in-glass thermometers. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Some liquid-in-glass thermometers contain either mercury or alcohol. Some information about these liquids is shown in Fig. 6.1. liquid melting point / °C boiling point / °C alcohol –120 78 mercury –39 370 Fig. 6.1 A liquid-in-glass thermometer is used to measure a temperature of –56 °C. Explain why the thermometer should contain alcohol, not mercury. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 8 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a model of digestion and absorption in the alimentary canal. tubing permeable to water and sugars, but not permeable to starch water starch solution mixed with amylase beaker Fig. 7.1 (a) In this model, what represents, (i) the small intestine, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) the blood, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) the food? .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) After 20 minutes, the sugar maltose is present in the water in the beaker. Explain why. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 9 8 An electric iron has a power rating of 1800 W. For Examiner’s Use (a) Calculate the energy converted into heat by the iron in 2 minutes. energy = ........................................ unit .................... [3] (b) The electric iron has a plug containing three wires. One of the wires is the live wire. Name the other two wires. .............................................................. and .............................................................. [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 10 9 The following is a list of gases. argon hydrogen carbon dioxide nitrogen For Examiner’s Use carbon monoxide oxygen sulfur dioxide Complete the following sentences using gases from the list. Each gas may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) The gas that relights a glowing splint is ......................................... . [1] (b) The gas that produces only water when it is burned is ......................................... . [1] (c) A gas that is not present in polluted air is ......................................... . [1] (d) The gas that is produced during the incomplete combustion, but not during complete combustion, of hydrocarbons is ......................................... . (e) The gas that is used in light bulbs is ......................................... . © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [1] [1] 11 10 Two permanent magnets and a piece of iron are placed end-to-end on a bench as shown in Fig. 10.1. The poles of one magnet are shown. …… …… iron N S permanent magnet …… For Examiner’s Use …… permanent magnet Fig. 10.1 (a) (i) The iron becomes magnetised and is attracted to the nearest permanent magnet. On Fig. 10.1, mark the north pole and the south pole on the iron. [1] (ii) The two permanent magnets are repelling each other. On Fig. 10.1, mark the north pole and the south pole on the second permanent magnet. [1] (b) Fig. 10.2 shows an iron-cored transformer. iron core a.c. output a.c. input Fig. 10.2 The input is changed from alternating current to direct current. Explain why the transformer has no output. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 12 11 (a) State two ways in which sexual reproduction is different from asexual reproduction. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) In the list below, draw lines to match the structures in the human male reproductive system to their different functions. One has been done for you. structure function penis carries sperm and also urine prostate gland carries sperm but not urine sperm duct allows sperm to be released in the vagina testis produces sperm cells urethra secretes seminal fluid [4] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 13 12 A mixture of aluminium and iron(III) oxide is placed in a crucible as shown in Fig. 12.1. For Examiner’s Use The reaction is started using a magnesium fuse. magnesium fuse crucible mixture of aluminium and iron( ) oxide sand Fig. 12.1 The equation for the reaction is Fe2O3 + 2Al 2Fe + Al2O3 The relative molecular mass of iron(III) oxide is 160. [Ar: Al, 27; Fe, 56]. (a) Complete the following sentences. 160 g of iron(III) oxide reacts with ...................... g of aluminium and produces ...................... g of iron. 16 g of iron(III) oxide reacts with ...................... g of aluminium and produces ...................... g of iron. 8 g of iron(III) oxide produces ...................... g of iron. [4] (b) State the type of reaction that the aluminium undergoes. .................................................................. © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [1] [Turn over 14 13 Light passes through a glass block as shown in Fig. 13.1. Some of the light is reflected from the surface of the glass block. For Examiner’s Use 44˚ X glass block r Fig. 13.1 (a) The angle of incidence is 44°. Calculate angle X. X = .............................................. ° [1] (b) (i) State an equation for calculating refractive index. [1] (ii) The refractive index of the glass is 1.48. Calculate the angle of refraction r. r = .............................................. ° [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 15 14 Study the following reaction scheme. For Examiner’s Use gas A + catalyst ethene ethane burns in oxygen gas D + a catalyst gas B + liquid C ethanol Fig. 14.1 (a) Identify substances A, B, C and D. gas A ....................................................... gas B ....................................................... liquid C ..................................................... gas D ....................................................... [4] (b) In what way does the structure of ethene differ from that of ethane? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Two of the reactions in the scheme use a catalyst. Suggest why a catalyst is used in these reactions. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 16 15 (a) (i) Define transpiration. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Where does most transpiration occur in a plant? .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) An experiment is carried out to investigate water uptake and water loss in a potted plant. The results are shown in Fig. 15.1. volume of water water loss by the plant water uptake by the plant 0.00 6.00 12.00 18.00 24.00 time / hours Fig. 15.1 (i) At which times is water uptake equal to water loss? .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (ii) A similar pattern of water uptake and water loss occurs over a period of several days. State the effect this pattern has on the plant. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 17 16 A metal rod and a metal ring are shown in Fig. 16.1. At room temperature, the hole in the ring is only just large enough for the rod to be pushed through it. For Examiner’s Use metal rod metal ring Fig. 16.1 One end of the metal rod is heated strongly. The entire rod becomes hot. State (a) the method by which thermal energy is transferred through the rod, ................................................... [1] (b) why the heated rod will no longer pass through the metal ring. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [Turn over 18 17 18 8O and 168O are two isotopes of oxygen. (a) (i) Complete Fig. 17.1 to show the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of 188O. nucleus containing ................... protons and ................... neutrons. Fig. 17.1 (ii) Complete Fig. 17.1 to show the electronic structure of an atom of 188O. [2] [1] (b) Define the term isotope. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State two uses of oxygen. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 19 18 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. blood gland kidneys liver nerves For Examiner’s Use target organ Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Hormones are carried in the .......................................... from the .......................................... that produces them to the ..................................... where they have their effect. Most hormones are removed by being destroyed by the ...................................... . © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 [4] [Turn over 20 19 A stone has a mass of 5.4 g and a volume of 1.8 cm3. For Examiner’s Use (a) Calculate its density. density = .................... unit .................... [3] (b) Some water is placed in a measuring cylinder. The stone is then added to the water. Fig. 19.1 shows the measuring cylinder containing the stone and the water. cm3 5.0 4.0 3.0 water 2.0 stone 1.0 Fig. 19.1 Calculate the volume of the water in the measuring cylinder. volume = ......................................... cm3 [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 22 20 The effect of mercury pollution from a chemical factory is described in Fig. 20.1. seawater normally contains 0.1 ppb (parts per billion) of mercury factory gives out chemical waste containing mercury seawater now contains 2 ppb of mercury micro-organisms in the sea take in mercury compounds but cannot excrete them small fish feed on microorganisms, the flesh of small fish then contains up to 200 ppb of mercury large fish feed on small fish and micro-organisms, the flesh of large fish then contains up to 20,000 ppb of mercury fishermen eat fish Fig. 20.1 © UCLES 2010 5129/02/O/N/10 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 The following is a list of gases. ammonia argon nitrogen chlorine For Examiner’s Use hydrogen sulphur dioxide Complete the following sentences using the gases from the list. Each gas may be used once, more than once, or not at all. (a) A gas that causes erosion of buildings is ............................................. . [1] (b) A gas that displaces bromine from potassium bromide is .......................................... . [1] (c) A gas used in the manufacture of margarine is .................................. . [1] (d) A gas used in the purification of water supplies is ................................ . [1] (e) A gas that dissolves in water to give an alkaline solution is ......................................... . [1] 2 A student connects a cell, a lamp, a variable resistor and an ammeter in series. (a) In the space below, draw the circuit diagram. [3] (b) For one setting of the variable resistor, the lamp has normal brightness. The student increases the resistance of the variable resistor. State what, if anything, happens to (i) the potential difference across the lamp, .................................................................. (ii) the brightness of the lamp. ....................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 3 3 Fig. 3.1 represents the human alimentary canal. mouth 1 For Examiner’s Use anus 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.1 (a) State the number of the region where each of the following processes occurs. (i) absorption .................. (ii) digestion .................. (iii) egestion .................. (iv) ingestion .................. [4] (b) State (i) the process that moves food through region 5, ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) the part of a balanced diet that helps this process. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Saliva is secreted into the mouth. State two functions of saliva. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 4 4 Air is a mixture of gases. For Examiner’s Use (a) Fig. 4.1 shows the percentages of different gases in air. 0.05% carbon dioxide 0.95% water vapour and other gases 20% gas A 79% gas B Fig. 4.1 State the name of gas A, ................................... gas B. .................................... [2] (b) Suggest why the amount of water vapour present in air is not constant. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Name a pollutant gas that may be found in air. State the source of this gas. pollutant gas .................................................................................................................... source .............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 5 5 An electric lamp produces heat and light. (a) Name the form of energy that is converted into heat and light. .................................. [1] For Examiner’s Use (b) A lamp is rated as 100 W. (i) Calculate the amount of energy changed into heat and light in the lamp in 5.0 minutes. amount of energy = ...................................... J [2] (ii) The lamp produces 28 500 J of heat in the 5.0 minutes. Calculate the amount of energy converted into light by the lamp. amount of energy = ...................................... J [1] 6 (a) Insulin is produced by the pancreas. It acts in the liver, where it affects the conversion of blood glucose to stored carbohydrate. (i) What type of substance is insulin? ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) How is insulin transported to the liver? ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Which organ destroys the insulin after it has had its effect? ............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Name the part of the eye that changes when (i) a bright light suddenly shines on the eye, .................................................................................................................................. (ii) the eye adjusts from viewing a near object to viewing a distant object. .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 6 7 Alkanes are obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil). Alkenes are made by cracking alkanes. For Examiner’s Use (a) State one condition used in the cracking of alkanes. .................................................. [1] (b) State how the molecular structure of alkenes differs from the molecular structure of alkanes. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Alkenes may be distinguished from alkanes by adding aqueous bromine. State the colour change when bromine is added to an alkene. colour changes from ......................... to ......................... [2] (d) Poly(ethene) is made from ethene by polymerisation. Explain the meaning of the term polymerisation. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 8 A student performs an experiment to obtain an extension-load graph for a spring. (a) State what measurements are made in order to determine the extension of the spring. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) The length of the spring with no load is 8.0 cm. Fig. 8.1 shows the length of the spring for different loads. Complete Fig. 8.1 by writing in the missing values of extension and load. load/N length/cm 1.0 9.2 15.2 extension/cm 7.2 Fig. 8.1 [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 7 9 (a) The cotyledons of a seed contain an enzyme that digests starch. (i) For Examiner’s Use Name an enzyme that digests starch. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) Name the product of this digestion. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) A piece of cotyledon was placed on a jelly containing starch. A second piece was boiled in water and cooled before being placed on the jelly. After 24 hours, iodine solution was poured onto the jelly. Iodine and starch react to give a dark blue/black colour. Fig. 9.1 shows how the dish looked. top view clear area blue/black area unboiled cotyledon boiled cotyledon Fig. 9.1 Explain why there is a clear area around the unboiled cotyledon. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Explain why there is no clear area around the boiled cotyledon. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 8 10 Study the following reaction scheme. copper(II) carbonate acid A For Examiner’s Use copper(II) sulphate + silver powder no reaction colourless gas B + water iron powder iron(II) sulphate + brown solid C (a) Identify the substances A, B and C. acid A ............................................................ colourless gas B ............................................ brown solid C .................................................. [3] (b) Suggest why the copper(II) sulphate solution reacts with iron but does not react with silver. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 9 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a magnet moving into a coil of wire. A sensitive ammeter measures the current in the coil. S For Examiner’s Use N A Fig. 11.1 Complete the following sentences using the words below. You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all. broken changing induces constant low produces complete high zero As the magnet moves into the coil, the ............................ magnetic field inside the coil ............................... an e.m.f. in the circuit. Because the circuit is ........................ , a current is produced. The current is zero whenever the speed of the magnet is ............................ . © UCLES 2008 [4] 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 10 12 Fig. 12.1 represents part of the carbon cycle. For Examiner’s Use box 4 photosynthesis respiration 5 box 3 feeding box 2 box 1 dead organisms Fig. 12.1 (a) (i) What words should be written in the boxes labelled 1, 3 and 4? box 1 ......................................................................................................................... box 3 ......................................................................................................................... box 4 ......................................................................................................................... [3] (ii) State the process that is represented by the arrow labelled 5. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Name the substance in box 1 that contains carbon and is formed by photosynthesis. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 11 13 Fig. 13.1 shows a force of 20 N being used to move a block of mass 5.0 kg across a horizontal frictionless surface. direction of motion For Examiner’s Use force 20 N block, mass 5.0 kg Fig. 13.1 (a) Calculate the acceleration of the block. acceleration = .......................................... [3] (b) On Earth, the gravitational field strength g = 10 N / kg. Calculate the weight of the block. weight = ..................................... N [1] (c) The force of 20 N moves the block a distance of 40 cm. Calculate the work done by the force. work done = .......................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 12 14 A rocket explodes 99 m above the ground. Both light and sound are produced at the same time. The speed of sound is 330 m / s. (a) (i) Explain why the explosion of the rocket is seen by a boy on the ground before he hears it exploding. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Calculate the shortest time that the sound takes to reach the ground. time = ...................................... s [2] (b) The light emitted by the exploding rocket has many different frequencies. State what is meant by the frequency of a wave. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Visible light is one component of the electromagnetic spectrum. Name a component (i) with a longer wavelength than visible light, .................................. (ii) that is emitted from some radioactive nuclei. ....................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 For Examiner’s Use 13 15 Fig. 15.1 shows a cross-section through a flower. For Examiner’s Use A B H C G D F E Fig. 15.1 (a) (i) Give the letters of the structures that contain cells with nuclei which fuse during sexual reproduction? ........ and ........ (ii) [2] Name the structure that is formed by the fusion of the nuclei of these two cells. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Into what do each of the structures labelled D and E develop? D develops into ................................................................................................................ E develops into ................................................................................................................ [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 14 16 16O and 18O are isotopes of the element oxygen. (a) State how the two isotopes are different. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Explain why the two isotopes have the same chemical properties. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State the electronic structure of 16O. .......................................................................... [1] (d) State the relationship between the electronic arrangement of an oxygen atom and the group that oxygen belongs to in the Periodic Table. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] 17 Fig. 17.1 shows a root hair cell. Fig. 17.1 (a) State two substances that are absorbed by a root hair cell. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) State two features of a root hair cell that make it suitable for absorption. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 For Examiner’s Use 15 18 (a) Fig. 18.1 shows a ray of light from a pin that is incident on a plane mirror at point A. For Examiner’s Use pin 58° A Fig. 18.1 (i) On Fig. 18.1, draw the normal to the mirror at A. [1] (ii) On Fig. 18.1, mark the position of the image of the pin as seen in the mirror. [2] (iii) Calculate the angle of incidence. angle of incidence = ........................................° [1] (b) Fig. 18.2 shows a ray of light entering a parallel-sided glass block. glass block Fig. 18.2 Complete Fig. 18.2 to show the path of the ray inside the block and after leaving the block. [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 [Turn over 16 19 (a) Define relative atomic mass, Ar . .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Sodium reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen. The equation for the reaction is 2Na + 2H2O (i) 2NaOH + H2 Calculate the relative molecular mass of sodium hydroxide. (Ar : H, 1; Na, 23; O, 16.) ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Calculate the mass of water required to react with 4.6 g of sodium. (Ar : Na, 23.) mass = ...................................... g [2] (c) State a test to show that sodium hydroxide solution is alkaline. test ................................................................................................................................... result ................................................................................................................................ [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/O/N/08 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 Fuel (gasoline) is mixed with air and burned in the engine of a car. The waste gases are passed out of the exhaust of the car. This is shown in Fig. 1.1. fuel (gasoline) waste gases air Fig. 1.1 (a) Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mainly alkanes, obtained from petroleum. Explain the meaning of the term hydrocarbon. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Name the gas in the air used when the fuel is burned. .............................................................. (c) (i) [1] Name the gases produced by the complete combustion of the fuel used in this car. ........................................................... and ........................................................... [2] (ii) Name a gas that is produced during the incomplete combustion of this fuel. .............................................................. (iii) [1] State one other pollutant in the waste gases. .............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 For Examiner’s Use 3 2 (a) Complete the word equation for photosynthesis. glucose + .................................. water + .................................. [2] For Examiner’s Use (b) An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of changing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis. The apparatus is shown in Fig. 2.1. bubbles of gas pondweed lamp light water containing dissolved carbon dioxide 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 metre rule Fig. 2.1 The light intensity at the plant is changed by changing the distance between the lamp and the plant. The rate of photosynthesis is measured by counting the number of bubbles produced by the pondweed in five minutes. (i) Suggest one condition that should be kept constant in this experiment. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) On the axes below, sketch a curve to show the results expected from this experiment. number of bubbles produced in 5 min. low light intensity high light intensity [2] (c) Explain why animals depend on photosynthesis. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 4 3 A car maintains a constant speed of 30 m/s for 20 s. During the next 20 s, the car accelerates at a constant rate, reaching a speed of 50 m/s. (a) (i) On Fig. 3.1, plot a speed-time graph for the car. For Examiner’s Use [2] 70 speed m/s 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 time / s Fig. 3.1 (ii) Although the car has a constant speed for 20 s, its velocity may not be constant. Explain the difference between velocity and speed. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) A second car has a mass of 1 500 kg. Calculate the acceleration of the car when the accelerating force acting on it is 5 100 N. acceleration = ................... unit ................... [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 5 4 Some properties of five substances are shown in Fig. 4.1. For Examiner’s Use substance conducts electricity when solid conducts electricity when melted melting point / °C soluble in water A yes yes 1539 no B no no –75 yes C yes yes 98 reacts with water D no no 119 no E no yes 772 yes Fig. 4.1 (a) Give the letter, A, B, C, D or E, of the substance that is not a solid at room temperature. ....................... (b) (i) [1] Give the letter, A, B, C, D or E, of one Group I metal. ....................... (ii) [1] Give a reason for your choice. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Give the letter, A, B, C, D or E, of one ionic compound. Explain the reasons for your choice. compound .......................................... reasons ............................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 6 5 Plant reproduction involves the production of fruits and seeds. For Examiner’s Use (a) What is a pericarp? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) A section through a broad bean seed is shown in Fig. 5.1. ................................................... ................................................... radicle ................................................... Fig. 5.1 Complete the labels on Fig. 5.1. [3] (c) Explain the importance of seed dispersal for plants. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] 6 Use words from the following list to complete the sentences below. chemical geothermal nuclear hydroelectric potential kinetic solar Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. There are several ways of generating electricity. In ............................................. schemes, water falls from a high level to a lower level. As the water falls it loses ............................................. energy. When coal burns, ............................................. energy is converted into thermal energy. ............................................. cells use the energy from sunlight to produce electricity. © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [4] 7 7 Chlorine, bromine and iodine are elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table. For Examiner’s Use (a) State the name given to the elements in Group VII. .............................................................. [1] (b) Describe the change of state of the Group VII elements as the group is descended from flourine to astatine. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) When bromine is added to potassium iodide, a brown solution is produced. Name the products of this reaction. ............................................................... and ............................................................... [2] (d) State why chlorine is used in the purification of water supplies. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 8 8 A human heart is shown in Fig. 8.1. For Examiner’s Use coronary arteries Fig. 8.1 Blood is carried to the heart muscle in the coronary arteries and away from the heart muscle in the coronary veins. (a) State two differences between the blood carried in the coronary arteries and the blood carried in the coronary veins. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) State two ways in which the structure of the coronary arteries differs from that of the coronary veins. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) A coronary artery may become blocked. This may cause a heart attack. A heart attack is more likely to happen if a person is a smoker. State two other features of a person’s lifestyle that may make a heart attack more likely. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 9 9 A wire is moved downwards between the North and South poles of two magnets, as shown in Fig. 9.1. For Examiner’s Use wire N S motion Fig. 9.1 The variation of the induced e.m.f. with time is shown in Fig. 9.2. 0.09 0.08 induced e.m.f. / mV 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0 0.5 1 time / s Fig. 9.2 (a) Use Fig. 9.2 to state at which time (i) the induced e.m.f. is at maximum, .................................. s (ii) the wire is not moving. .................................. s [2] (b) Name two factors affecting the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. 1. ....................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 10 10 When potassium manganate(VII) is heated, it decomposes according to the following equation. 4KMnO4 2K2O + 4MnO2 + 3O2 Four students each weigh a test-tube containing some potassium manganate(VII). Each student heats the test-tube, collects the oxygen given off in a gas syringe and then weighs the test-tube again. The mass and the volume of oxygen given off from each tube are shown in Fig. 10.1. mass of oxygen / g volume of oxygen / cm3 0.80 600 0.60 450 0.40 300 0.20 150 Fig. 10.1 (a) On Fig. 10.2, plot a graph of these results. 1000 800 volume of oxygen / cm3 600 400 200 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 mass of oxygen / g 1.0 [3] Fig. 10.2 © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 For Examiner’s Use 11 (b) (i) (ii) Use the graph to find the volume of 1.0 g of oxygen ............................................. [1] The relative molecular mass, Mr, of oxygen is 32. Using your answer to (b)(i), calculate the volume of 32 g of oxygen. For Examiner’s Use volume of oxygen = ................................... cm3 [1] (c) State a test to show that the gas given off is oxygen. test ................................................................................................................................... result ............................................................................................................................ [2] 11 (a) Use the words from the following list to complete the sentences below. alveoli diffusion carbon dioxide osmosis chest oxygen The words may be used once, more than once, or not at all. In the lungs, ............................................. moves into the blood across the walls of the ............................................. . This occurs by ............................................. . At the same time, ............................................. moves from the blood into the air. [4] (b) State three ways in which expired air differs from inspired air. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. .................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 12 12 The following questions are about the transfer of thermal energy. For Examiner’s Use (a) The handle of a saucepan must not get hot. Name a suitable material for the handle. .............................................................. [1] (b) Explain fully how thermal energy from a radiator travels round a room by convection. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Infra-red radiation is incident on two similar objects. The temperature of both rises. One is painted black and the other is white. State why the temperature of the black object rises more quickly. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 13 13 A student wants to find which coloured dyes have been mixed together to make dye X. She separates a sample of dye X and samples of coloured dyes using paper chromatography. Her results are shown in Fig. 13.1. red blue yellow brown green dye X For Examiner’s Use pencil line Fig. 13.1 (a) Explain why the line is drawn in pencil and not in ink. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Which colours are present in dye X? ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Which coloured dye contains a substance not present in any of the other coloured dyes? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 14 14 To investigate the action of amylase, four test-tubes are set up as shown in Fig. 14.1. Each test-tube contains starch solution and amylase. A B C D starch solution amylase 35°C pH 1 starch solution amylase 100°C pH 1 starch solution amylase 35°C pH 7 starch solution amylase 100°C pH 7 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 14.1 (a) At one-minute intervals, a sample from each tube is tested for sugar. State and explain in which tube you would expect sugar to be produced most quickly. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) For this reaction, name (i) the enzyme, ................................................................... (ii) the substrate, ................................................................... (iii) the product. ................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 15 15 Parallel rays of light are incident on a thin convex lens as shown in Fig. 15.1. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 15.1 (a) Complete Fig. 15.1 to show what happens to the rays after they pass through the lens. [2] (b) A ray of light is incident on a glass block as shown in Fig. 15.2. glass Fig. 15.2 (i) On Fig. 15.2, mark the angle of incidence with the letter i and the angle of refraction with the letter r. [2] (ii) The angle of incidence i and the angle of refraction r are related by the equation sin i = n. sin r State the name given to the constant n. ................................................................... [1] (c) Visible light and infra-red light are both components of the electromagnetic spectrum. Name two other components of the electromagnetic spectrum. ............................................................... and ............................................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 16 16 (a) Use the words from the following list to complete the sentences below. For Examiner’s Use Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. electrons isotopes element lost gained neutrons ions protons The nuclei of atoms are made up of ................................... and ................................... . When atoms form positive ions, ........................................ are ....................................... . Atoms of the same ............................................. but with different numbers of neutrons are called ............................................. . In a neutral atom, there are the same number of ............................................. and ............................................. . [4] (b) An atom of radon is represented by 222 Rn. 86 Calculate the number of neutrons in this atom of radon. number of neutrons = ........................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 17 17 The female reproductive system is shown in Fig. 17.1. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 17.1 (a) On Fig. 17.1, mark the cervix with the letter X. [1] (b) In which part of the reproductive system does each of these processes occur? (i) ovulation .................................................................................................................................. (ii) fertilisation .................................................................................................................................. (iii) implantation .................................................................................................................................. [3] (c) Explain what is meant by fertilisation. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 [Turn over 18 18 A metre rule rests on a table. A book is placed on one end of the metre rule and a student pushes down on the other end, as shown in Fig. 18.1 book 0.40 m 0.60 m metre rule edge of table Fig. 18.1 The weight of the metre rule can be ignored. (a) On Fig. 18.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of the gravitational force acting on the book. [1] (b) The book weighs 6.0 N. Calculate the moment of the weight of the book about the edge of the table. moment = ................... unit ................... [2] (c) The boy just manages to stop the metre rule tipping clockwise. Calculate the minimum force with which the student pushes on the metre rule. force = ....................................... N [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/O/N/09 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of a mains plug with its cover removed. Component P has been labelled. P Fig. 1.1 (a) Name component P. …………………………………… [1] (b) State the colour of 2 (i) the earth wire, ……………………………………… (ii) the live wire. ……………………………………… [2] Fig. 2.1 shows a vernier scale and a micrometer scale. vernier scale micrometer scale 0 10 15 35 30 0 mm 10 mm 25 Fig. 2.1 (a) The vernier scale reads …………………… mm. [1] (b) The micrometer scale reads …………………… mm. [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 For Examiner’s Use 3 3 Fig. 3.1 shows some animal cells and Fig. 3.2 shows a plant cell, seen under a microscope. Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) Fig. 3.2 The cells are placed in pure water. Name the process, involving water movement, that is now likely to occur. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) After 30 minutes, the animal cells have burst, but the plant cell has not. Explain why. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Fig. 3.1 shows red blood cells. (i) What is the function of red blood cells? .................................................................................................................................. (ii) What do red cells contain that helps them to carry out this function? ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 4 4 Copper(II) sulphate crystals are made using the following method. One spatula measure of copper(II) carbonate is added to 20 cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid. Once it has all reacted, further spatula measures are added until no more gas is given off. The reaction mixture is filtered. The filtrate is evaporated to about half its volume and then allowed to cool. The crystals are filtered off and dried. (a) Name the gas given off in the reaction. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) (i) Explain why copper(II) carbonate is added until no more gas is given off. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain why the reaction mixture is filtered. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Explain why the filtrate is allowed to cool after being evaporated to half its volume. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) State one substance, other than copper(II) carbonate, which can be added to sulphuric acid to make copper(II) sulphate crystals. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 For Examiner’s Use 5 5 A metal cube has a mass of 0.05 kg. On Earth, the gravitational field strength g = 10 N / kg. For Examiner’s Use (a) Calculate the weight of the metal cube. [2] (b) Fig. 5.1 shows a stone and the metal cube on a balanced lever. 0.70 m 0.35 m stone metal cube fulcrum Fig. 5.1 The distance of the stone from the fulcrum (pivot) is 0.70 m. The distance of the metal cube from the fulcrum is 0.35 m. (i) State the principle of moments. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Calculate the weight of the stone. [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over 6 6 The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, produces oxygen. For Examiner’s Use (a) Complete the equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. ……… H2O2 ⎯→ ……… H2O + O2 [1] (b) Describe a test for oxygen. test ................................................................................................................................... result ........................................................................................................................... [2] (c) (i) Complete the diagram to show the arrangement of the electrons in a molecule of water. O H H [2] (ii) 7 State the type of bonding in a water molecule. ……………………………… [1] (a) What product of protein digestion is transported to the liver? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Suggest three uses for the products of protein digestion. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................. [3] (c) What happens in the liver to excess products of protein digestion? .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 7 8 The half-life of a radioactive source is 20 days. Fig. 8.1 shows the initial activity (1000 emissions per second) and the activity after 60 days (120 emissions per second). 1000 800 activity / emissions per second 600 400 200 0 0 40 20 60 time / days Fig. 8.1 (a) (i) (ii) On Fig. 8.1, plot points to show the activity after 20 days and after 40 days. [2] Draw a line of best fit for the plotted points. [1] (b) A radioactive source is used in a laboratory experiment by a student. State two safety precautions that should be taken by the student. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 8 9 Fig. 9.1 shows the structure of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, ethene. H H C C H H Fig. 9.1 (a) Explain the meaning of the terms (i) unsaturated, ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) hydrocarbon. ............................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Describe a test to show that ethene is unsaturated. test ................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... result ................................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Ethene burns in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Construct an equation for this reaction. ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 For Examiner’s Use 9 10 Fig. 10.1 shows a human eye seen from the front, at two different times. For Examiner’s Use X time 1 time 2 Fig. 10.1 (a) State the name of the part labelled X. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) (i) At time 2, the part labelled X is smaller than at time 1. What is the effect of part X becoming smaller? .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (ii) State a change in the environment that will cause part X to become smaller. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over 10 (c) Fig. 10.2 shows a section through the eye. For Examiner’s Use D A B C Fig. 10.2 (i) Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D. A ............................................................................................................................... B ............................................................................................................................... C ............................................................................................................................... D .......................................................................................................................... [4] (ii) State the changes that occur in the parts labelled A and B as the eye is focusing on a distant object. A ............................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. B ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 11 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a measuring cylinder that contains water. For Examiner’s Use 50 cm3 40 cm3 30 cm3 water 20 cm3 10 cm3 Fig. 11.1 (a) State the volume of water in the measuring cylinder. ……………………… cm3 [1] (b) A stone of volume 26 cm3 is placed in the water in the measuring cylinder. The stone is completely below the surface of the water. The water rises to a new level. (i) On Fig. 11.1, mark the new level of the water. (ii) The stone has a mass of 65 g. Calculate the density of the stone. [1] density = ……………………… [3] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over 12 12 When calcium carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. The equation for the reaction is CaCO3 ⎯→ CaO + CO2 (a) Calculate the relative molecular mass of (i) calcium carbonate, …………………… (ii) calcium oxide. …………………… [2] (b) Calculate the mass of calcium oxide produced from 5 g of calcium carbonate. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Explain why calcium carbonate is added to a blast furnace during the extraction of iron. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 13 (a) Use words from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each word may be used once, or not at all. addictive hormone digestion liver drug reactions enzyme skin Alcohol is a ……………………………… that damages the ……………………………… . It slows a person’s ………………………………… and is ………………………………… . [4] (b) State two problems associated with the drug heroin. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 For Examiner’s Use 13 14 Fig. 14.1 shows a metal hot-water tank surrounded by insulation. Some connecting pipes are also shown. pipe metal tank pipe water insulation pipe water heater Fig. 14.1 (a) Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection or radiation. State the main method by which heat is transferred (i) through the metal of the tank, ………………………………………… (ii) through the water. ………………………………………… [2] (b) State the purpose of the insulation. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Some heat escapes and heats the surrounding air. Explain, in detail, why heated air rises. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 15 (a) Name the acid and the alkali reacted together to make ammonium sulphate. acid .................................................................................................................................. alkali ............................................................................................................................ [2] (b) Ammonium sulphate contains ammonium ions, NH4+, and sulphate ions, SO42–. Deduce the formula of ammonium sulphate. ………………………………………… [1] (c) A mixture of ammonium sulphate and calcium carbonate is used as a fertiliser. (i) Name the element present in ammonium sulphate which makes it useful as a fertiliser. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain why calcium carbonate is used in the fertiliser. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] 16 The following is a list of metals. aluminium copper iron sodium zinc Use the list to answer the following questions. (a) Name the metal that is (i) used for electrical wiring in a house, ………………………………… [1] (ii) extracted from haematite. …………………………………… [1] (b) Which two metals are used to make brass? ……………………………………… and ……………………………………… © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [2] For Examiner’s Use 15 17 Fig. 17.1 shows a pendulum in its highest position. For Examiner’s Use support string pendulum bob Fig. 17.1 (a) On Fig. 17.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of the force of gravity on the pendulum bob. [1] (b) In the space below, draw a diagram to show the position of the pendulum when it has the most kinetic energy. support [1] (c) The period of the pendulum is 2.0 s. A student starts timing when the pendulum is in the position shown in Fig. 17.1. In the space below, draw a diagram to show the position of the pendulum 5.0 s after the student starts timing. support [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 [Turn over 16 18 Fig. 18.1 shows a vacuum flask containing germinating seeds and a thermometer. vacuum flask seeds cotton wool thermometer 5 10 15 20 25 30 Fig. 18.1 (a) State three factors that are needed for the seeds to germinate. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................. [3] (b) During germination, aerobic respiration takes place. (i) Write a word equation for aerobic respiration. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (ii) The temperature in the flask rises. Explain why. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 For Examiner’s Use 17 19 Fig. 19.1 shows a speed-time graph for a car. For Examiner’s Use 35 30 speed m/s 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 time / s Fig. 19.1 (a) Complete the following sentences. (i) The car is at rest from a time of …………… s to a time of …………… s. (ii) It is accelerating from a time of …………… s to a time of …………… s. [2] (b) The car travels around a circular track. When it is travelling with a constant speed it does not have a constant velocity. Explain the difference between speed and velocity. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) The car has a mass of 1200 kg. Calculate, in newtons, the force needed to give the car an acceleration of 0.3 m / s2. [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/O/N/07 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a ray of light entering and passing through a parallel-sided plastic block. For Examiner’s Use 46° 27° Fig. 1.1 (a) On Fig. 1.1 draw an arrow to show the path of the ray after it has left the plastic block. [2] (b) Calculate the refractive index of the plastic. [2] 2 (a) What type of substance are all enzymes? ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State the effect of the enzyme amylase on the conversion of starch to maltose. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Explain two ways in which chewing a piece of bread helps the process of digestion. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 3 3 Air is a mixture of gases. This mixture includes the noble gases helium and argon. For Examiner’s Use (a) Helium is used to fill airships and balloons. State two reasons why helium is a good choice for this use. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ..................................................................................................................................[2] (b) Argon is used to fill light bulbs. tungsten filament (i) argon Why are light bulbs not filled with air? .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[2] (ii) Use your knowledge of the electronic structure of argon to explain why it is a good choice to fill light bulbs. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [Turn over 4 4 Fig. 4.1 represents a hydroelectric power station. Water flows from an upper lake to a lower lake to generate electrical energy. upper lake a.c. generator lower lake turbine Fig. 4.1 (a) Name the type of energy lost by the water (i) (ii) as it falls from the upper lake, .................................................. energy [1] .................................................. energy [1] as it slows down in the turbine. (b) Complete Fig. 4.2 to show how the voltage output of a simple a.c. generator varies with time. + voltage output 0 time – [2] Fig. 4.2 © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 For Examiner’s Use 5 (c) A small generator has an output of 20 W. Calculate how much electrical energy is produced in 3 minutes. For Examiner’s Use [3] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [Turn over 6 5 Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid which turns Universal Indicator red. (a) (i) Name the ion present in hydrochloric acid which causes acidity. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Suggest the pH of hydrochloric acid. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (b) A student adds hydrochloric acid to calcium carbonate. The colourless gas produced passes through limewater as shown in Fig. 5.1. hydrochloric acid limewater calcium carbonate Fig. 5.1 (i) Describe the change in appearance of the limewater as the colourless gas passes through it. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Name this gas that is produced during the reaction of hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) Suggest the name of the salt produced by the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. ..............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 For Examiner’s Use 7 6 Fig. 6.1 shows an external view of the heart. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 6.1 (a) (i) Name the tissue that is supplied with blood by the coronary arteries. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Suggest three substances that the blood supplies to this tissue. 1. .............................................................................................................................. 2. .............................................................................................................................. 3. ..........................................................................................................................[3] (b) A person’s diet may cause them to suffer from coronary heart disease. (i) Name a substance in a diet that may cause coronary heart disease. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State the change in the coronary arteries that leads to coronary heart disease. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) State one other cause of coronary heart disease. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [Turn over 8 7 The car in Fig. 7.1 has a mass of 840 kg. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 7.1 (a) The gravitational field strength g on Earth is 10 N / kg. Calculate the weight of the car. [2] (b) The force produced by the engine that accelerates the car is 2100 N. Calculate the acceleration of the car. [3] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 9 8 Atoms are made up of three types of particle. (a) (i) Complete the table to show the relative mass and the relative charge of each of these three types of particle. particle relative mass relative charge proton +1 electron 1 1840 neutron 1 [3] (ii) Define the term nucleon number (mass number). .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (b) Bromine is element 35 in the periodic table. An atom of an isotope of bromine contains 35 protons, 35 electrons and 44 neutrons. The atom is represented by A Z Br Deduce the values of A and Z. A .............................. Z .............................. © UCLES 2006 [2] 5129/02/O/N/06 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 10 9 Fig. 9.1 is a circuit diagram for the headlamps of a car. P and Q are identical lamps. Y For Examiner’s Use X switch lamp P lamp Q Z Fig. 9.1 (a) On Fig. 9.1, draw the symbol for a voltmeter that is connected into the circuit so that the voltage across lamp Q may be measured. [2] (b) The switch is closed. The current in lamp Q is 3.0 A and the potential difference across it is 12 V. (i) Calculate the resistance of the lamp. [3] (ii) Determine the current at X, .............................. A Y, .............................. A Z. .............................. A [3] (c) Suggest why the lamps are connected in parallel rather than in series. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 11 10 Fig. 10.1 shows the structures of four organic compounds, A, B, C and D. H CH3 C C For Examiner’s Use CH3 H H C C CH3 H H H H B A H H H C C CH3 CH3 O H C C H H H H H C CH3 D Fig. 10.1 (a) Which compound is (i) an alkene, .............................. (ii) an alcohol, .............................. (iii) oxidised to a carboxylic acid? .............................. [3] (b) Two of the compounds are alkanes. Which of these two alkanes has the higher boiling point? .............................. [1] (c) All four compounds burn in excess oxygen to give the same two products. State the names of these two products. ............................................................ and ............................................................ © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [2] [Turn over 12 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a plant in a pot of damp soil on a balance. The pot and the soil are covered by a plastic bag. pot filled with damp soil plastic bag balance Fig. 11.1 (a) During the next hour, the reading on the balance decreases. (i) Name the substance that is being lost from the plant. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Name the structures in the leaves of the plant through which the substance is lost. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) Name the process that causes the decrease in mass. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (b) (i) Describe how the appearance of the plant will alter if the apparatus in Fig. 11.1 is left on the balance for a week. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain your answer. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 For Examiner’s Use 13 12 The radioactive isotope strontium-90 emits beta-particles. (a) State the nature of a beta-particle. .............................. [1] (b) State from which part of the atom the beta-particle is emitted. .............................. [1] (c) Fig. 12.1 shows how the activity of a sample of strontium-90 varies with time. 500 400 activity counts per 300 second 200 100 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 time / years Fig. 12.1 Use Fig. 12.1 to determine the half-life of strontium-90. half-life = .............................. years © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [1] [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 13 Magnesium is in Group II of the Periodic Table. The electronic structure of magnesium is 2, 8, 2. (a) (i) For Examiner’s Use Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of the electrons in a magnesium ion. [1] (ii) Write the formula of the magnesium ion. ..............................................................[1] (b) Fig. 13.1 shows magnesium burning in carbon dioxide. The reaction produces a black solid (carbon) and a white solid (magnesium oxide). tongs magnesium gas jar carbon dioxide Fig. 13.1 (i) Complete the equation for the reaction by adding the state symbols. 2Mg ( ) (ii) + CO2 ( ) 2MgO ( ) + C( ) [1] Calculate the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide. [Ar: C,12; O,16.] ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) Calculate the mass of magnesium that is required to react completely with 2.2 g of carbon dioxide. [Ar: Mg,24.] .................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 15 14 (a) (i) Name the two types of cell that form a zygote during sexual reproduction. 1. .............................................................................................................................. 2. ..........................................................................................................................[2] (ii) When these two cells meet, their nuclei fuse. Name this process. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (b) Fig. 14.1 shows part of the female reproductive and urinary systems. E A D B C Fig. 14.1 (i) Name the parts labelled A, .............................................................................................................................. B, .............................................................................................................................. C. ..........................................................................................................................[3] (ii) State the function of the parts labelled D, .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. E. .............................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................[2] (c) On Fig. 14.1 mark an X where a zygote will develop. © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [1] [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 16 15 A road is made by laying slabs of concrete with gaps between them. Fig. 15.1 shows this road at low temperature. concrete slabs gaps between slabs Fig. 15.1 (a) The temperature increases. Suggest what happens to (i) the concrete slabs, ...............................................................................................[1] (ii) the gaps between the slabs. .................................................................................[1] (b) Another road is laid on a cold day with no gaps between the concrete slabs. Suggest what may happen to this road on a very hot day. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 For Examiner’s Use 17 16 A small piece of each of four metals is placed in a separate test-tube containing dilute hydrochloric acid. Results of this experiment are shown in Fig. 16.1. nickel silver magnesium zinc Fig. 16.1 (a) Use Fig. 16.1 to deduce the reactivity series of these metals. most reactive .................................... .................................... .................................... least reactive .................................... [1] (b) The reaction between a metal and an acid produces a salt and hydrogen. (i) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in a molecule of hydrogen. [1] (ii) Name the salt produced when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) State the type of bonding present in this salt. ......................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 18 17 (a) The following words describe organisms found in a food chain. carnivore decomposer herbivore For Examiner’s Use producer Write these words in the boxes in the order in which they occur in a food chain. X Y Z [2] (b) (i) State the original source of the energy in a food chain. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Name the process that makes this energy available to the food chain. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) Referring to the diagram in (a), at which stage, X, Y or Z does most energy pass? ..............................................................................................................................[1] (c) Carbon passes along a food chain in carbon compounds. (i) Suggest a carbon compound in which carbon might pass from one organism to another. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Name the compound in which carbon leaves the food chain. ..............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/O/N/06 2 1 Rock salt is a mixture of sodium chloride and sand. A student added some rock salt to water and stirred the mixture. (a) Use words from the list below to complete the following sentences. insoluble soluble solute solution solvent The sodium chloride dissolved in the water to form a colourless .......................... . The sand did not dissolve because it is .......................... in water. Sodium chloride is acting as the ......................... in this experiment. [3] (b) Name a process that could be used to separate the sand from the salt solution. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 2 A student set up an experiment to measure the half-life of a radioactive isotope that emits alpha-particles. Fig. 2.1 shows the count rate measured at 30 minute intervals after the start of the experiment. time / minutes count rate / counts per second 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 100 69 47 32 22 15 10 Fig. 2.1 5129/02/O/N/03 For Examiner's Use For Examiner's Use 3 (a) On Fig. 2.2, plot a suitable graph of the results. Draw a line of best fit. 100 80 count rate / counts per second 60 40 20 0 0 40 80 120 160 200 time / minutes [3] Fig. 2.2 (b) Use the graph to find the time taken for the count rate to fall from 100 counts per second to 25 counts per second. ........................................................... [1] (c) Use your answer to (b) to calculate the half-life of this isotope. [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 4 3 Some of the organisms in an ecosystem are listed below. frogs grass grasshoppers hawks rabbits sheep snails thrushes In this ecosystem, the following feeding habits are seen. Hawks eat rabbits, thrushes and young sheep. Rabbits, sheep and grasshoppers eat grass. Snails eat grass and are eaten by thrushes. Frogs and thrushes eat grasshoppers. (a) Name the energy source for the ecosystem. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Name a producer in the ecosystem. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) How many of the named organisms are herbivores? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Use the information above to construct a food chain with four stages in the boxes below. [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 For Examiner's Use 5 4 Fig. 4.1 is a flow diagram for the manufacture of fertilisers. nitrogen stage 1 stage 2 ammonium nitrate ammonia hydrogen acid X Fig. 4.1 (a) (i) Name the catalyst used in stage 1. ................................................... (ii) Why is a catalyst used in a reaction? .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) (i) Balance the equation for the reaction in stage 1. N2(g) + …… H2(g) → …… NH3(g) (ii) What does the symbol (g) in the equation mean? .................................................................................................................................. [3] (c) (i) Name acid X, used in stage 2. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) Name the type of reaction that occurs between acid X and ammonia in stage 2. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (d) The fertiliser, ammonium nitrate, contains nitrogen, an element essential for the growth of plants. Name two other elements essential for the growth of plants. ........................................... and ............................................. 5129/02/O/N/03 [2] [Turn over For Examiner's Use 6 5 Fig. 5.1 shows the change of speed of a car with time. 40 30 speed / m / s 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time / s Fig. 5.1 (a) Between which two times is the car (i) moving with constant speed, ....................................... s to ...................................... s [1] (ii) moving with a constant acceleration? ....................................... s to ...................................... s 5129/02/O/N/03 [1] For Examiner's Use 7 (b) Explain the difference between speed and velocity. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) When the brakes are used to stop the car, one form of energy is converted into another. Name these two forms of energy. ............................................. to .............................................. [2] (d) The car has a mass of 920 kg. The maximum forward force produced by the car is 230 N. Calculate the maximum acceleration. [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 8 6 (a) Explain what is meant by a balanced diet. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Study this list of eight foods. banana chicken egg orange peanuts rice tomato tuna fish Choose one food from those listed above that would (i) increase the quantity of vitamin C in a diet, ............................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) increase the quantity of protein in a diet, ............................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) help a person suffering from constipation. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (c) State three advantages of feeding babies on breast milk. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................ [3] 5129/02/O/N/03 9 7 Fig. 7.1 shows the properties of some elements. The letters A-E are not the symbols of the elements. element melting point / °C boiling point / °C conducts electricity addition to water A 119 444 no insoluble 2,8,6 B 659 2447 yes insoluble 2,8,3 C 63 766 yes reacts violently 2,8,8,1 D –7 59 no soluble 2,8,18,7 E –248 –246 no insoluble For Examiner's Use electronic structure 2,8,8 Fig. 7.1 Use the letters A-E to answer the questions. (a) Which element is a liquid at room temperature? ........................................................... [1] (b) Which elements are metals? Give a reason for your choice. elements .......................................................................................................................... reason .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Which element is in Group I of the Periodic Table? ........................................................... [1] (d) Which element is an inert gas? Give a reason for your choice. element ............................................. reason ........................................................................................................................ [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over 10 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a simple transformer. The output of the transformer is connected to a lamp. core input voltage Fig. 8.1 (a) Name the two coils. ........................................... and ............................................. [2] (b) Name a suitable material for the core. ........................................................... [1] (c) The transformer is used with an alternating input voltage. Explain why it is not used with a constant input voltage. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 For Examiner's Use For Examiner's Use 11 (d) The potential difference across the lamp is 6.0 V and its resistance is 24 . Calculate (i) the current through the lamp, [2] (ii) the power of the lamp. [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 12 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a section through part of a green leaf. A B D C Fig. 9.1 (a) Name (i) the process by which the plant makes carbohydrates, .................................................................................................................................. (ii) the green pigment required for the process named in (i), .................................................................................................................................. (iii) the type of cell that carries out the process named in (i). .................................................................................................................................. [3] (b) From Fig. 9.1 give the letter that identifies cells that carry out the process named in (a)(i). ......................... [1] 5129/02/O/N/03 13 (c) (i) From Fig. 9.1 give the letter that identifies a place where gas exchange with the atmosphere occurs. For Examiner's Use ......................... (ii) Name the structure through which this gas exchange takes place. ................................................... (iii) Name the gas that passes out of the structure in (ii) during 1. the day, ................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................. 2. the night. ............................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [4] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 14 10 Fig. 10.1 shows apparatus used to pass steam over heated magnesium. colourless gas magnesium water soaked into mineral wool heat water Fig. 10.1 The products of the reaction are magnesium oxide and a colourless gas. (a) Complete the equation for the reaction between magnesium and steam. Mg + H2O → MgO + ……… [1] (b) Explain why the magnesium has been oxidised and the steam reduced during the reaction. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of magnesium oxide. (Ar: Mg, 24; O, 16) .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) Use your answer to (i) to calculate the mass of magnesium oxide produced when 1.2 g of magnesium reacts with excess steam. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [3] 5129/02/O/N/03 15 11 Fig. 11.1 shows apparatus to demonstrate the transfer of thermal energy. The electric heater glows red. The metal plate heats up, the wax melts and the cork falls. For Examiner's Use electric heater metal plate cork wax Fig. 11.1 (a) There is air in the space between the heater and the metal plate. Explain why very little heat is transferred from the electric heater to the metal plate by (i) conduction, .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) convection. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (b) Name the process by which most of the thermal energy is transferred from the electric heater to the metal plate. ........................................................... [1] (c) What is the best colour to paint the metal plate so that the cork falls in the shortest time? Explain your answer. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 16 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a section through the heart. The four chambers are labelled A, B, C and D. A B D C Fig. 12.1 (a) A red blood cell from the liver is pumped through the heart to the lungs. (i) Give the letters of the two chambers through which it passes. .......................... and .......................... [2] (ii) Give the letters of two chambers that have blood with the highest concentration of carbon dioxide. .......................... and .......................... [2] (iii) Give the letter of the chamber that has blood with the highest pressure. ......................... [1] (iv) On Fig. 12.1 mark a cross (X) on a valve that closes when chambers C and D contract. [1] (b) Name the type of tissue that forms the wall of chamber C. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) When a person is excited, a chemical substance is released from the adrenal glands. This is carried in the blood to the heart, where it causes the heart to beat faster. Name this type of substance. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5129/02/O/N/03 17 13 Petrol contains the hydrocarbon octane, C8H18. Petrol is used as a liquid fuel in cars. In the car engine, some petrol is changed from a liquid to a gas, mixed with air and then ignited. For Examiner's Use (a) What term describes the change of state from liquid to gas? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Describe the arrangement and movement of the octane molecules when it is (i) a liquid, ..................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) a gas. ....................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [4] (c) Name the homologous series containing octane. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Name the poisonous gas produced when octane burns in a limited supply of oxygen. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5129/02/O/N/03 [Turn over For Examiner's Use 18 14 Fig. 14.1 shows some regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. radio microwave infra-red visible light region A X-ray gamma Fig. 14.1 (a) Name region A. ........................................................... [1] (b) In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum are the longest wavelengths found? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State a property that is the same for all electromagnetic waves in a vacuum. .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Sound and light are both wave motions. State two differences between sound and light. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] 5129/02/O/N/03 19 15 Choose some of the words below and fill in the gaps to complete the following sentences. You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all. condoms sperm ducts contraceptive pills testes penis vagina sperm vasectomy Contraceptive methods in males include the use of condoms, which cover the penis and prevent both fluid and ……………………… from entering the woman’s ……………………… . Another method, called ………………………, involves cutting the ……………………… . Using ……………………… can also prevent transmission of HIV. 5129/02/O/N/03 [5] For Examiner's Use 2 1 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. osmosis photosynthesis stamens respiration stomata wilted transpiration yellow Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. Water enters root hairs of a plant by the process of ................................................ . Water vapour passes out of the leaves through pores called ................................................ . Loss of water vapour from leaves is called ................................................ . When more water is lost from leaves than is replaced by roots, a plant becomes ................................................ . [4] 2 Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide forming carbon and magnesium oxide. The equation for the reaction is 2MgO + C 2Mg + CO2 (a) (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide, ........................... magnesium oxide. ........................... (Ar: Mg, 24; C, 12; O, 16) (ii) [2] Use your answers in part (i) and the equation to complete the following sentence. 24 g of magnesium reacts with ............ g of carbon dioxide and produces ............ g of magnesium oxide. [2] (b) Suggest why magnesium cannot be obtained from magnesium oxide by heating with carbon. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) State the type of reaction that the carbon dioxide has undergone. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 3 3 A circuit diagram containing two lamps P and Q is shown in Fig. 3.1. C A switch P B Q Fig. 3.1 The switch is now closed. When the switch is closed, the current in lamp P is 0.3 A and the potential difference across it is 6 V. (a) Calculate the resistance of lamp P. resistance = ................................. unit ................... [3] (b) The current in lamp Q is 0.2 A. Determine the current in the circuit at (i) point A, ........................... A (ii) point B, ........................... A (iii) point C. ........................... A [3] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 4 4 Fig. 4.1 is a photomicrograph of blood when seen through a light microscope. A B Fig. 4.1 Blood contains plasma, platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells. (a) In Table 4.1, name components A and B. Table 4.1 name of blood component A B [1] (b) State one function for each of the following components. platelets .................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... red blood cells ........................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... white blood cells ....................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Plasma transports platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells as well as other substances. State three of these other substances. 1. ............................................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................................... 3. ............................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 5 5 The electronic structure of a magnesium atom is shown in Fig. 5.1. (a) (i) (ii) Mg Mg Fig. 5.1 Fig. 5.2 Complete Fig. 5.2 to show the electronic structure of the magnesium ion. [1] State the charge on the magnesium ion. ......................................... [1] (b) The nucleon number of an isotope of magnesium atom is 25. Calculate the number of neutrons in a nucleus of this isotope. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Magnesium reacts with nitric acid to produce magnesium nitrate. (i) Complete the equation for the reaction. Mg(NO3)2 + H2 Mg + ........... HNO3 (ii) [1] Suggest two other substances that react with nitric acid to produce magnesium nitrate. ................................................................ and ................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 6 6 A boy on a diving board is shown in Fig. 6.1. 1.5 m 0.30 m pivot force F Fig. 6.1 The boy weighs 500 N and stands 1.5 m from the pivot. The clockwise moment of the boy’s weight about the pivot is equal to the anti-clockwise moment of force F about the pivot. (a) Force F is 0.30 m from the pivot. Calculate force F. force F = ...................................................... N [2] (b) The boy steps off the end of the diving board and falls vertically. (i) Calculate the work done by the force of gravity on the boy as he falls through 1.2 m. work done = ................................. unit ................... [3] (ii) State the type of energy lost by the boy as he falls. .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 8 7 (a) (i) Define diffusion. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] (ii) Name two substances that diffuse across the wall of the alveolus. 1. ...................................................... 2. ...................................................... [2] (b) Fig. 7.1 shows a section through a group of alveoli in a lung. Part of the wall of an alveolus and the capillary next to it has been magnified. capillary liquid film air magnified alveolus wall capillary wall blood cell wall of alveolus cut open Fig. 7.1 Irritation of the cells of the alveoli produces a thicker liquid film. (i) Suggest one cause of irritation ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 9 (ii) State and explain how a thicker liquid film affects the rate of diffusion across the wall of the alveolus. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] (iii) Coughing helps to remove the thicker layer of liquid. Repeated coughing over many years may damage the walls of the alveoli. Fig. 7.2 shows a group of damaged alveoli. Fig. 7.2 State and explain how this damage will affect diffusion across the walls of the alveoli. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 10 8 Octane is a hydrocarbon obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum. It is decomposed to ethene, propene and substance X by heating in the presence of a catalyst. The equation for the reaction is C8H18 (a) (i) C2H4 + C3H6 + X State the name of the process for the decomposition of octane. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Deduce the formula of X. ...............................................................................................[1] (iii) Name the homologous series to which X belongs. ........................................................[1] (b) State what you see when aqueous bromine is added to octane, ...................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ethene. ...................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[2] (c) Complete the diagram to show the bonds in a molecule of ethene. H H C C H H [1] (d) State the name of the compound formed when ethene reacts with steam. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 11 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. thin glass bulb narrow capillary tube liquid Fig. 9.1 (a) Which physical property of the liquid changes with temperature? ........................................................... [1] (b) The capillary tube of a clinical liquid-in-glass thermometer is narrower than the capillary tube of a normal laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometer. Explain why a narrower capillary tube makes a clinical thermometer more sensitive. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) (i) (ii) State the temperature of pure boiling water. ...........................°C [1] Explain why a clinical thermometer is not used to measure the temperature of boiling water. ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] 10 A balloon on an insulating thread is rubbed with a duster. This removes some electrons from the balloon. (a) State the sign of the charge now on the balloon. ........................... [1] (b) The balloon is free to move. A second balloon with the same charge is brought near to the first balloon. State what happens to the first balloon. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 12 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a section through a flower. D E F Fig. 11.1 (a) (i) In Table 11.1, name the parts of the flower D, E and F. Table 11.1 name of flower part D E F [3] (ii) State one function of the anther, ............................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... sepal. ................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 13 (b) Flowers produce seeds. (i) State two conditions for a seed to germinate. 1. ........................................................................................................................................ 2. ........................................................................................................................................ [2] (ii) During germination, the enzyme amylase becomes active in the seed. State and explain why amylase is necessary during germination. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 14 12 Some properties of five substances are shown in Table 12.1. The letter given for each substance is not the chemical symbol of that substance. Table 12.1 substance conducts electricity when solid conducts electricity when melted melting point / °C soluble in water V no no 119 no W no no –78 yes X no yes 857 yes Y yes yes 1083 no Z yes yes 63 reacts with water Use the letters in Table 12.1 to answer the following questions. Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) The substance that is not a solid at room temperature is .....................................................[1] (b) (i) (ii) The substance that is a Group 1 metal is ......................................................................[1] Give a reason for your choice in part (i). ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) (i) (ii) The substance that is an ionic compound is .................................................................[1] Give two reasons for your choice in part (i). 1. ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... 2. ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 15 13 A metal ring and a wooden rod are shown in Fig. 13.1. metal ring wooden rod Fig. 13.1 The hole in the metal ring is too small for the wooden rod to fit inside it. When the metal ring is heated, the wooden rod now fits inside it. The wooden rod is pushed into the hole in the hot metal ring and the metal ring is cooled. The wooden rod cannot be removed. (a) Explain why (i) the wooden rod will fit inside the metal ring when the ring is heated, .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) the wooden rod cannot be removed when the metal ring cools. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) When the hot metal ring is placed on one end of the wooden rod, as shown in Fig. 13.2, the other end of the rod remains cool. hot metal ring wooden rod Fig. 13.2 Explain why the other end of the rod remains cool. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Name the method of heat transfer which (i) involves changes in fluid density, ....................................................................................... (ii) can transfer energy through a vacuum. .........................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 16 14 Fig. 14.1 shows the apparatus used to pass 100 cm3 of air over an excess of heated copper. syringe A syringe B copper 20 40 60 80 100 100 80 60 40 20 100 cm3 air heat Fig. 14.1 The air is passed over the heated copper several times until there is no further change in the volume of gas. The apparatus is then left to cool to room temperature. (a) State the name of the gas that (i) makes up most of the air in the syringe, ........................................................................[1] (ii) is removed by the copper. ..............................................................................................[1] (b) State the final volume of gas in the syringe at the end of the experiment. final volume .................................................. cm3 [1] (c) (i) State the name of a pollutant produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain how this pollutant is produced during the combustion of fossil fuels. ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 17 15 Some of the components of the electromagnetic spectrum are shown in Fig. 15.1. radiowaves A infra-red visible light ultraviolet B gamma-rays Fig. 15.1 (a) Name components A and B. A ...................................................... B ...................................................... [2] (b) Name (i) the part of an atom that emits gamma-rays, ............................................................[1] (ii) the surface colour that is the best absorber of infra-red radiation. ............................................................[1] (c) Some light has a frequency of 4.0 × 1014 Hz and a wavelength of 5.0 × 10–7 m in glass. Calculate the speed of this light in glass. speed = ................................................... m / s [2] 16 Many rain forests are being cut down. This causes undesirable effects on the local ecosystem. Complete the following sentences about the destruction of the rain forests. Cutting down trees reduces the amount of water vapour and ........................................................ gas in the atmosphere and increases the amount of ........................................................ gas in the atmosphere. The number and variety of animals decrease as a result of a loss of ........................................................ and shelter. The loss of trees causes ........................................................ to be washed away more quickly. [4] © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 [Turn over 18 17 Complete the following sentences about the Periodic Table. The Periodic Table is a list of elements arranged in order of ........................................... number. The ........................................... elements are on the left-hand side of the table and the ........................................... elements are on the right-hand side of the table. The vertical columns are called ........................................... and the horizontal rows are called ............................................ . [4] 18 A car has a mass of 800 kg. The accelerating force on the car is 2000 N. (a) Calculate the acceleration of the car. acceleration = ..................................................m / s2 [2] (b) The car’s initial speed is zero. After some time, the constant accelerating force decreases gradually. On Fig. 18.1 draw a line to show how the speed of the car changes with time for the constant and for the decreasing accelerating force. [1] speed 0 0 time Fig. 18.1 © UCLES 2014 5129/22/M/J/14 2 1 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. osmosis photosynthesis stamens respiration stomata wilted transpiration yellow Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. Water enters root hairs of a plant by the process of ................................................ . Water vapour passes out of the leaves through pores called ................................................ . Loss of water vapour from leaves is called ................................................ . When more water is lost from leaves than is replaced by roots, a plant becomes ................................................ . [4] 2 Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide forming carbon and magnesium oxide. The equation for the reaction is 2MgO + C 2Mg + CO2 (a) (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of carbon dioxide, ........................... magnesium oxide. ........................... (Ar: Mg, 24; C, 12; O, 16) (ii) [2] Use your answers in part (i) and the equation to complete the following sentence. 24 g of magnesium reacts with ............ g of carbon dioxide and produces ............ g of magnesium oxide. [2] (b) Suggest why magnesium cannot be obtained from magnesium oxide by heating with carbon. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) State the type of reaction that the carbon dioxide has undergone. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 3 3 A circuit diagram containing two lamps P and Q is shown in Fig. 3.1. C A switch P B Q Fig. 3.1 The switch is now closed. When the switch is closed, the current in lamp P is 0.3 A and the potential difference across it is 6 V. (a) Calculate the resistance of lamp P. resistance = ................................. unit ................... [3] (b) The current in lamp Q is 0.2 A. Determine the current in the circuit at (i) point A, ........................... A (ii) point B, ........................... A (iii) point C. ........................... A [3] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 4 4 Fig. 4.1 is a photomicrograph of blood when seen through a light microscope. A B Fig. 4.1 Blood contains plasma, platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells. (a) In Table 4.1, name components A and B. Table 4.1 name of blood component A B [1] (b) State one function for each of the following components. platelets .................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... red blood cells ........................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... white blood cells ....................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) Plasma transports platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells as well as other substances. State three of these other substances. 1. ............................................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................................... 3. ............................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 5 5 The electronic structure of a magnesium atom is shown in Fig. 5.1. (a) (i) (ii) Mg Mg Fig. 5.1 Fig. 5.2 Complete Fig. 5.2 to show the electronic structure of the magnesium ion. [1] State the charge on the magnesium ion. ......................................... [1] (b) The nucleon number of an isotope of magnesium atom is 25. Calculate the number of neutrons in a nucleus of this isotope. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Magnesium reacts with nitric acid to produce magnesium nitrate. (i) Complete the equation for the reaction. Mg(NO3)2 + H2 Mg + ........... HNO3 (ii) [1] Suggest two other substances that react with nitric acid to produce magnesium nitrate. ................................................................ and ................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 6 6 A boy on a diving board is shown in Fig. 6.1. 1.5 m 0.30 m pivot force F Fig. 6.1 The boy weighs 500 N and stands 1.5 m from the pivot. The clockwise moment of the boy’s weight about the pivot is equal to the anti-clockwise moment of force F about the pivot. (a) Force F is 0.30 m from the pivot. Calculate force F. force F = ...................................................... N [2] (b) The boy steps off the end of the diving board and falls vertically. (i) Calculate the work done by the force of gravity on the boy as he falls through 1.2 m. work done = ................................. unit ................... [3] (ii) State the type of energy lost by the boy as he falls. .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 8 7 (a) (i) Define diffusion. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] (ii) Name two substances that diffuse across the wall of the alveolus. 1. ...................................................... 2. ...................................................... [2] (b) Fig. 7.1 shows a section through a group of alveoli in a lung. Part of the wall of an alveolus and the capillary next to it has been magnified. capillary liquid film air magnified alveolus wall capillary wall blood cell wall of alveolus cut open Fig. 7.1 Irritation of the cells of the alveoli produces a thicker liquid film. (i) Suggest one cause of irritation ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 9 (ii) State and explain how a thicker liquid film affects the rate of diffusion across the wall of the alveolus. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] (iii) Coughing helps to remove the thicker layer of liquid. Repeated coughing over many years may damage the walls of the alveoli. Fig. 7.2 shows a group of damaged alveoli. Fig. 7.2 State and explain how this damage will affect diffusion across the walls of the alveoli. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 10 8 Octane is a hydrocarbon obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum. It is decomposed to ethene, propene and substance X by heating in the presence of a catalyst. The equation for the reaction is C8H18 (a) (i) C2H4 + C3H6 + X State the name of the process for the decomposition of octane. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Deduce the formula of X. ...............................................................................................[1] (iii) Name the homologous series to which X belongs. ........................................................[1] (b) State what you see when aqueous bromine is added to octane, ...................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ethene. ...................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[2] (c) Complete the diagram to show the bonds in a molecule of ethene. H H C C H H [1] (d) State the name of the compound formed when ethene reacts with steam. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 11 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. thin glass bulb narrow capillary tube liquid Fig. 9.1 (a) Which physical property of the liquid changes with temperature? ........................................................... [1] (b) The capillary tube of a clinical liquid-in-glass thermometer is narrower than the capillary tube of a normal laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometer. Explain why a narrower capillary tube makes a clinical thermometer more sensitive. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) (i) (ii) State the temperature of pure boiling water. ...........................°C [1] Explain why a clinical thermometer is not used to measure the temperature of boiling water. ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] 10 A balloon on an insulating thread is rubbed with a duster. This removes some electrons from the balloon. (a) State the sign of the charge now on the balloon. ........................... [1] (b) The balloon is free to move. A second balloon with the same charge is brought near to the first balloon. State what happens to the first balloon. ...............................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 12 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a section through a flower. D E F Fig. 11.1 (a) (i) In Table 11.1, name the parts of the flower D, E and F. Table 11.1 name of flower part D E F [3] (ii) State one function of the anther, ............................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... sepal. ................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 13 (b) Flowers produce seeds. (i) State two conditions for a seed to germinate. 1. ........................................................................................................................................ 2. ........................................................................................................................................ [2] (ii) During germination, the enzyme amylase becomes active in the seed. State and explain why amylase is necessary during germination. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 14 12 Some properties of five substances are shown in Table 12.1. The letter given for each substance is not the chemical symbol of that substance. Table 12.1 substance conducts electricity when solid conducts electricity when melted melting point / °C soluble in water V no no 119 no W no no –78 yes X no yes 857 yes Y yes yes 1083 no Z yes yes 63 reacts with water Use the letters in Table 12.1 to answer the following questions. Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) The substance that is not a solid at room temperature is .....................................................[1] (b) (i) (ii) The substance that is a Group 1 metal is ......................................................................[1] Give a reason for your choice in part (i). ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) (i) (ii) The substance that is an ionic compound is .................................................................[1] Give two reasons for your choice in part (i). 1. ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... 2. ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 15 13 A metal ring and a wooden rod are shown in Fig. 13.1. metal ring wooden rod Fig. 13.1 The hole in the metal ring is too small for the wooden rod to fit inside it. When the metal ring is heated, the wooden rod now fits inside it. The wooden rod is pushed into the hole in the hot metal ring and the metal ring is cooled. The wooden rod cannot be removed. (a) Explain why (i) the wooden rod will fit inside the metal ring when the ring is heated, .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) the wooden rod cannot be removed when the metal ring cools. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) When the hot metal ring is placed on one end of the wooden rod, as shown in Fig. 13.2, the other end of the rod remains cool. hot metal ring wooden rod Fig. 13.2 Explain why the other end of the rod remains cool. ................................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Name the method of heat transfer which (i) involves changes in fluid density, ....................................................................................... (ii) can transfer energy through a vacuum. .........................................................................[2] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 16 14 Fig. 14.1 shows the apparatus used to pass 100 cm3 of air over an excess of heated copper. syringe A syringe B copper 20 40 60 80 100 100 80 60 40 20 100 cm3 air heat Fig. 14.1 The air is passed over the heated copper several times until there is no further change in the volume of gas. The apparatus is then left to cool to room temperature. (a) State the name of the gas that (i) makes up most of the air in the syringe, ........................................................................[1] (ii) is removed by the copper. ..............................................................................................[1] (b) State the final volume of gas in the syringe at the end of the experiment. final volume .................................................. cm3 [1] (c) (i) State the name of a pollutant produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. .......................................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain how this pollutant is produced during the combustion of fossil fuels. ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 17 15 Some of the components of the electromagnetic spectrum are shown in Fig. 15.1. radiowaves A infra-red visible light ultraviolet B gamma-rays Fig. 15.1 (a) Name components A and B. A ...................................................... B ...................................................... [2] (b) Name (i) the part of an atom that emits gamma-rays, ............................................................[1] (ii) the surface colour that is the best absorber of infra-red radiation. ............................................................[1] (c) Some light has a frequency of 4.0 × 1014 Hz and a wavelength of 5.0 × 10–7 m in glass. Calculate the speed of this light in glass. speed = ................................................... m / s [2] 16 Many rain forests are being cut down. This causes undesirable effects on the local ecosystem. Complete the following sentences about the destruction of the rain forests. Cutting down trees reduces the amount of water vapour and ........................................................ gas in the atmosphere and increases the amount of ........................................................ gas in the atmosphere. The number and variety of animals decrease as a result of a loss of ........................................................ and shelter. The loss of trees causes ........................................................ to be washed away more quickly. [4] © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 [Turn over 18 17 Complete the following sentences about the Periodic Table. The Periodic Table is a list of elements arranged in order of ........................................... number. The ........................................... elements are on the left-hand side of the table and the ........................................... elements are on the right-hand side of the table. The vertical columns are called ........................................... and the horizontal rows are called ............................................ . [4] 18 A car has a mass of 800 kg. The accelerating force on the car is 2000 N. (a) Calculate the acceleration of the car. acceleration = ..................................................m / s2 [2] (b) The car’s initial speed is zero. After some time, the constant accelerating force decreases gradually. On Fig. 18.1 draw a line to show how the speed of the car changes with time for the constant and for the decreasing accelerating force. [1] speed 0 0 time Fig. 18.1 © UCLES 2014 5129/21/M/J/14 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a vernier scale and a micrometer scale. For Examiner’s Use vernier scale 0 0 10 10 mm 0 5 30 25 micrometer scale mm Fig. 1.1 (a) The reading on the vernier scale is ..................................................... mm. [1] (b) The reading on the micrometer scale is ................................................ mm. [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a section through the eye. For Examiner’s Use G A F E D C B Fig. 2.1 (a) (i) Use letters from Fig. 2.1 to identify 1. the iris, ....................... 2. the optic nerve, ....................... 3. the suspensory ligaments. ....................... [3] (ii) State one function for each of the following structures. lens ........................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. ciliary muscles .......................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. retina ........................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 4 (b) Fig. 2.2 shows a student’s eye in normal conditions. For Examiner’s Use Fig. 2.3 shows the eye after a particular event. Fig. 2.2 (i) Fig. 2.3 Describe the difference in the appearance of the eye. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Suggest what may cause the change shown between Fig. 2.2 and Fig. 2.3. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) For this change to take place, state which muscles 1. contract, ............................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. 2. relax. .................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 5 3 Fig. 3.1 shows the processes used to manufacture poly(ethene) from petroleum. process P petroleum hydrocarbon Q + For Examiner’s Use other products process R hydrocarbon S + hydrogen polymerisation poly(ethene) Fig. 3.1 (a) (i) (ii) Identify processes P and R. process P ....................................... process R ....................................... [2] Identify the types of hydrocarbon Q and S. hydrocarbon Q ....................................... hydrocarbon S ....................................... [2] (b) The following is a balanced equation for the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon. CxHy + 8O2 5CO2 + 6H2O Calculate the values of x and y in the formula CxHy . x = .................. y = .................. © UCLES 2013 [2] 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 6 4 A metre rule is balanced horizontally on a pivot. A wooden cube is then placed so that its centre is 0.45 m from the pivot. A stretched spring is attached to the rule at a distance of 0.20 m from the pivot, as shown in Fig. 4.1. 0.45 m 0.20 m wooden cube pivot stretched spring Fig. 4.1 The spring exerts a downward force of 4.5 N on the metre rule to keep it balanced horizontally. (a) Calculate the anticlockwise moment of the 4.5 N force about the pivot. moment = ........................................... N m [1] (b) Calculate the weight of the wooden cube. weight = .............................................. N [2] (c) On Earth, the gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg. Calculate the mass of the wooden cube. mass = ............................................. kg [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 For Examiner’s Use 7 (d) The extension-load graph for the spring is shown in Fig. 4.2. For Examiner’s Use 2.5 extension / cm 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 load / N Fig. 4.2 (i) Use Fig. 4.2 to determine the extension of the spring for a load of 0.44 N. extension = ............................................ cm [1] (ii) When the load on the spring is zero, the length of the spring is 10.0 cm. Calculate the length of the spring for the load of 0.44 N. length = ............................................ cm [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 8 5 Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of an ion of element Z. For Examiner’s Use Key neutron proton electron Fig. 5.1 (a) For this ion, state (i) the nucleon number, .................................................. (ii) the proton number. ..................................................... [2] (b) (i) State in which group of the Periodic Table element Z is found. ...................... (ii) State the charge on the ion in Fig 5.1. ............................. [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 9 6 In an experiment, a solution of sodium chloride is made by adding dilute hydrochloric acid to aqueous sodium hydroxide. For Examiner’s Use (a) Complete the following sentences which describe this experiment. An exact volume of aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a flask using a ......................... . Universal Indicator is added to the solution and the solution turns a ................... colour. The hydrochloric acid is added to the solution using a ............................... until the solution turns a ................... colour and the volume of the acid used is noted. [4] (b) The experiment is repeated using exactly the same volumes but without the indicator. The solution obtained is evaporated to produce solid sodium chloride. Suggest why the experiment is repeated without the indicator. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 10 7 Table 7.1 shows the average number of chloroplasts found in four different types of cell in a leaf. Table 7.1 (a) (i) cell type average number of chloroplasts per cell guard cell 4 palisade mesophyll cell 28 spongy mesophyll cell 16 upper epidermal cell 0 On the axes of Fig. 7.1, draw a bar chart to show the data in Table 7.1. 30 20 average number of chloroplasts per leaf cell 10 0 guard cell palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll type of cell upper epidermal cell [3] Fig. 7.1 © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 For Examiner’s Use 11 (ii) Calculate the number of chloroplasts in a spongy mesophyll cell as a percentage of the number in a palisade mesophyll cell. For Examiner’s Use percentage = .................................................. [1] (b) State and explain which type of cell shown in Table 7.1 forms the most glucose. type of cell ........................................................................................................................ explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State and explain why it is important for a young plant to obtain nitrogen-containing ions from the soil. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 12 8 An electrical heater is used to warm water in a metal can, as shown in Fig. 8.1. The heater is placed at the bottom of the can. to power supply metal can water heater Fig. 8.1 (a) The 6.5 V heater has a power of 13 W. Calculate the current in the heater. current = .............................................. A [2] (b) The water at the bottom of the can is warmed directly by the heater. Explain, in detail, how the rest of the water is heated by convection. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [3] (c) State how thermal energy is transferred through the metal of the can. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 For Examiner’s Use 13 (d) When the heater is switched off, the water cools. For Examiner’s Use The can has a white surface. Explain why the water cools more quickly if the outside of the can is black. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] 9 Fig. 9.1 shows a pin in front of a plane mirror and a ray of light from the pin that is incident on the surface of the mirror. mirror pin Fig. 9.1 (a) On Fig. 9.1 draw, (i) the normal where the ray is incident on the surface of the mirror, [1] (ii) the reflected ray of light. [1] (b) On Fig. 9.1, mark with the letter X the position of the image of the pin. © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [2] [Turn over 14 10 Ammonia is manufactured by reacting nitrogen and hydrogen together in the presence of a catalyst. (a) (i) Name the catalyst and explain why this catalyst is used. catalyst ........................................................ explanation ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. [2] (ii) State values for the temperature and the pressure used in this process. temperature ..................................... °C pressure ..................................... atm [2] (b) State the source of the hydrogen used in the manufacture of ammonia. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State one use of ammonia. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Ammonia dissolves in water to produce ammonium hydroxide which is an alkaline solution. Name the ion present in the solution responsible for it being an alkali. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] 11 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. cervix cotyledon prostate gland egg cell scrotum uterus ovary seed vagina testes zygote Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. Sperm are produced in the ............................... of the male. During sexual intercourse sperm are released into the ....................... of the female. At fertilisation the sperm fuses with the .............................. and this results in a ................................... being formed. © UCLES 2013 [4] 5129/21/M/J/13 For Examiner’s Use 15 12 A student connects a cell, a resistor, an ammeter and a lamp in series. For Examiner’s Use He adds a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the lamp. (a) In the space below, complete the circuit diagram for the circuit that the student uses. [4] (b) The ammeter reads 0.30 A and the voltmeter reads 1.5 V. (i) Calculate the resistance of the lamp. resistance = .......................... unit ............... [3] (ii) State the current in the resistor. ................................... A [1] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 16 13 Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. The equation for the reaction is CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O The relative molecular mass, Mr, of calcium carbonate is 100. [Ar: Ca, 40; Cl, 35.5; O, 16; C, 12; H, 1] (a) Complete the following sentences. 100 g of calcium carbonate produces ......... g of calcium chloride and ......... g of carbon dioxide. 10 g of calcium carbonate produces ........... g of calcium chloride and ........... g of carbon dioxide. 2.5 g of calcium carbonate produces ........... g of calcium chloride. [4] (b) State the test for carbon dioxide. test ................................................................................................................................... result ................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 14 (a) State two differences in structure between arteries and veins 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) State two differences in function between arteries and veins. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 For Examiner’s Use 17 15 One isotope of carbon is carbon-14 ( 146C). (a) State the number of neutrons in a nucleus of carbon-14. ....................... (b) The isotope 14C 6 [1] For Examiner’s Use is radioactive and emits beta-particles. (i) What is a beta-particle? ................................................................... [1] (ii) State the changes that occur to the number of protons and to the number of neutrons in a nucleus when a beta-particle is emitted. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (c) The half-life of a sample of carbon-14 is 5700 years. A sample of carbon-14 initially emits 10 000 beta-particles per second. Complete Table 15.1 for this sample of carbon-14. Table 15.1 time / years number of beta-particles emitted per second 0 10 000 5700 2500 17 100 [3] © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [Turn over 18 16 Fig. 16.1 shows representations of elements, compounds and mixtures. For Examiner’s Use P Q R S T U Fig. 16.1 In questions (a) to (e), each letter can be used once, more than once, or not at all. Choose the letter which represents (a) an alloy, ..................... (b) an ionic compound, ..................... (c) a diatomic element, ..................... (d) an inert gas, ..................... (e) a mixture. ..................... © UCLES 2013 5129/21/M/J/13 [5] 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a photograph of some red blood cells that have been greatly magnified. Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) State the function of red blood cells. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State two features of red blood cells that make them efficient in carrying out this function. feature 1 ................................................................................................................... feature 2 ................................................................................................................... [2] (iii) Explain the importance of each feature in (a)(ii). importance of feature 1 ............................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................. importance of feature 2 ............................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Name the liquid part of the blood that surrounds the red blood cells. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 For Examiner’s Use 3 2 (a) A string is used to pull a cube across a smooth horizontal surface. For Examiner’s Use This is shown in Fig. 2.1. direction of motion string cube Fig. 2.1 The cube has a mass of 0.20 kg. The constant force accelerating the cube is 0.32 N. Calculate the acceleration of the cube. acceleration = ..................... units ................... [3] (b) On Earth, the gravitational field strength g = 10 N / kg. Calculate the weight of the cube. weight = ............................................. N [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 4 3 (a) Sodium reacts with chlorine to produce sodium chloride. The equation for the reaction is 2Na + Cl 2 For Examiner’s Use f 2NaCl The relative molecular mass, Mr , of sodium chloride is 58.5. (Ar: Na, 23; Cl, 35.5) Complete the following sentences. 46 g of sodium reacts with ................. g of chlorine and produces ................. g of sodium chloride. 4.6 g of sodium reacts with ................. g of chlorine and produces ................. g of sodium chloride. 1.15 g of sodium produces ................. g of sodium chloride. [4] (b) State the type of bonding present in sodium chloride. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State why chlorine is used in the purification of water supplies. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 5 4 (a) State the units of the moment of a force. ...................................... [1] (b) Fig. 4.1 shows a spanner being used to undo a bolt. For Examiner’s Use force bolt pivot handle of spanner Fig. 4.1 The force needed to undo the bolt is smaller when a spanner with a longer handle is used. Explain why. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 5 Atoms are made up of electrons, protons and neutrons. (a) Complete Fig. 5.1 to show the relative charge and the relative mass of each particle. particle relative charge 1 1840 electron proton relative mass +1 neutron 1 [3] Fig. 5.1 (b) 12C (i) and 14C are isotopes of the element carbon. State how the two isotopes are different. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain why the two isotopes have the same chemical properties. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 6 6 Fig. 6.1 shows the human digestive system. For Examiner’s Use A B C D E F Fig. 6.1 (a) State a letter in Fig. 6.1 which shows where (i) glucose is absorbed, ............................ [1] (ii) most water is absorbed. ............................ [1] (b) Some digestion takes place in the stomach. Suggest and explain the importance of another function of the stomach. function ............................................................................................................................ explanation of importance ............................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 7 (c) There is a tube between the gall bladder and the duodenum. For Examiner’s Use State and explain how digestion is affected when this tube becomes blocked. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 8 7 (a) Respiration is defined as the release of energy from food substances in living cells. State two differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. 1 ....................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The breathing of a student is observed while he is resting. The student then exercises vigorously and his breathing is observed again. State two visible differences in his breathing before and during exercise. 1 ....................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 For Examiner’s Use 9 (c) Athletes compete in races of different distances. Fig. 7.1 shows the percentage of energy released by aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration during these races. For Examiner’s Use 100 percentage energy released 80 60 40 20 0 100 800 1500 distance of race / m 10 000 25 000 key anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration Fig. 7.1 (i) Use Fig. 7.1 to find the length of race for which the athlete gains 50% of his energy from aerobic respiration. length of race = ............................................ m [1] (ii) What does Fig. 7.1 show about the type of respiration and the length of race? .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 10 8 A ripple tank is used to show wave motion on the surface of water. For Examiner’s Use The wave has a wavelength of 0.5 cm and an amplitude of 4.0 mm. (a) Complete Fig. 8.1 to show at least one wavelength of a wave with this wavelength and amplitude. [2] 6 4 displacement / mm 2 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 –2 1.0 1.2 1.4 distance from source / cm –4 –6 Fig. 8.1 (b) The wave has a frequency of 6.0 Hz. Calculate the speed of the wave. speed = ....................................... cm / s [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 11 9 (a) In Fig. 9.1, the boxes on the left give the names of some elements. For Examiner’s Use The boxes on the right show the reaction of elements with water. Draw a line to link each element to its reaction with water. element reaction with water copper reacts vigorously with steam magnesium reacts vigorously with cold water iron no reaction potassium reacts slowly with cold water and steam [4] Fig. 9.1 (b) When a metal reacts with water, hydrogen gas is released. State the test for hydrogen gas. test ................................................................................................................................... result ................................................................................................................................ [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 12 10 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. mesophyll osmosis respiration phloem photosynthesis xylem root hair For Examiner’s Use transpiration Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. Water enters a plant by moving into the ................................................... cells by the process of ................................................... . Water moves from cell to cell across the plant by the same process until it reaches the ................................................... . Water moves upwards to the leaves where it is lost through the stomata. This process is called ................................................... . © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [4] 13 11 A ball on the end of a nylon string is given a charge. For Examiner’s Use A positively-charged rod is brought close to the ball. The ball moves away from the positive charge, as shown in Fig. 11.1. nylon string positively-charged rod movement ball ++ ++ ++ Fig. 11.1 (a) Explain why the ball moves away from the positively-charged object. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) A spark is seen between two charged objects. A spark is a flow of charge. State the name given to the rate of flow of charge. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 14 12 A lamp is marked ‘240 V, 60 W’. For Examiner’s Use (a) The lamp is working normally. Calculate (i) the current in the lamp, current = ............................................. A [2] (ii) the electrical energy converted in 10 minutes. energy = .............................................. J [2] (b) Some lamps may produce waves in the infra-red, the visible or the ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. State the name given to a component of the spectrum with wavelengths that are (i) longer than those of infra-red radiation, (ii) shorter than those of ultraviolet radiation. ........................................................ [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 ........................................................ [1] 15 13 Butane, natural gas and petrol are fossil fuels. (a) Name the main constituent of natural gas. ................................................................. [1] For Examiner’s Use (b) Petrol is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. Explain the meaning of the term hydrocarbon. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Balance the equation for the combustion of butane. 2C4H10 + ..........O2 f .........CO2 + .........H2O [1] (d) Some fossil fuels contain sulfur compounds. (i) State the name of a compound of sulfur that is formed when these fuels are burned. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State and explain an environmental problem associated with this compound of sulfur. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 16 14 Fig. 14.1 shows part of a food web. For Examiner’s Use eagle tiger hawk small bird spider goat beetle grasshopper moth grass flowering plant with big petals Fig. 14.1 (a) (i) State the source of energy for this food web. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) State the form of this energy. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 17 (b) (i) State how many species of herbivore and how many species of carnivore are shown in the food web. For Examiner’s Use Write your answers in Table 14.1. Table 14.1 type of organism number of species herbivore carnivore [2] (ii) State the number of species in the longest food chain shown in Fig. 14.1. .................................... species [1] (iii) Explain why a short food chain is more efficient than a long food chain. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Predict what would happen on the food web if 90% of the moths died. Explain why. prediction ......................................................................................................................... explanation ...................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [Turn over 18 15 An athlete runs on a circular track. For Examiner’s Use He runs 400 m in 50 s. (a) Calculate the average speed of the runner. speed = ......................................... m / s [2] (b) The athlete maintains a constant speed on the circular track. Explain why his velocity is not constant. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] 16 Brass and stainless steel are both alloys. (a) Name the two elements present in brass. .............................................................. and .............................................................. [2] (b) (i) State one use of stainless steel. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Explain how and why alloys are made. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 19 17 (a) Explain what is meant by the principle of energy conservation. .......................................................................................................................................... For Examiner’s Use ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Coal is burned to generate electrical energy. Complete the following sentences. The energy in coal is ................................................... energy. When coal is burned this energy is converted into ................................................... energy. Steam is produced and used to turn a turbine. The turbine has ................................................... energy. [3] 18 The following is a list of substances. aluminium oxide potassium nitrate ammonium sulfate sodium hydroxide calcium carbonate sodium oxide Use the list to complete the following sentences. Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) ................................................................. is used to remove acidic impurities during the extraction of iron in a blast furnace. [1] (b) A substance that reacts with both acids and alkalis is ................................................................. . [1] (c) A substance that contains two of the elements essential for plant growth is ................................................................. . [1] (d) A substance that reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to produce a colourless gas is ................................................................. . © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 [1] [Turn over 20 19 Fig. 19.1 shows a basic transformer. For Examiner’s Use ......................... .........................coil ......................... coil 6 V lamp 240 V Fig. 19.1 (a) Complete the labels on Fig. 19.1. [2] (b) The output of a transformer is connected to a lamp. Explain why the lamp does not light when the input to the transformer is direct current. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 20 Explain what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive source. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................ [2] © UCLES 2012 5129/02/M/J/12 2 1 A series circuit is shown in Fig. 1.1. The resistors have values of 3 Ω and 6 Ω. A 3Ω 6Ω Fig. 1.1 (a) On Fig. 1.1, draw the symbol for a voltmeter connected to measure the potential difference across the 6 Ω resistor. [2] (b) The ammeter reading is 0.20 A. Calculate (i) the potential difference across the 6 Ω resistor, potential difference = .................... unit .................... [3] (ii) the combined resistance of the two resistors. resistance = ............................................ Ω [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 For Examiner’s Use 3 2 Aluminium, chlorine, magnesium and silicon are in the same period of the Periodic Table. (a) Which two of these elements conduct electricity? Give a reason for your choice. For Examiner’s Use elements .......................................................................................................................... reason .............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The oxides of magnesium and phosphorus are added to water and Universal Indicator paper is dipped into each solution. State the colour of the indicator with each of the solutions. magnesium oxide solution ............................................................................................... phosphorus oxide solution ........................................................................................... [2] (c) Strontium is in the same group of the Periodic Table as magnesium. Explain why strontium and magnesium have similar chemical reactions. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 4 3 Measurements were made of the diameter of the pupil of a person’s right eye over a period of five minutes in a darkened room. During this time, a light of varying intensity was shone into the person’s right eye. The results are shown in Fig. 3.1. pupil diameter 0 1 2 3 4 5 time / minutes Fig. 3.1 (a) Use Fig. 3.1 to answer the following questions. (i) When is the pupil most dilated? from ...................... mins to ...................... mins (ii) When is the intensity of the light entering the eye at its greatest? from ...................... mins to ...................... mins (iii) [1] [1] Suggest when the light intensity decreases most rapidly. from ...................... mins to ...................... mins [1] (b) Name the structure in the human eye which brings about changes in pupil size. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) During this experiment, the left eye stays in the dark. On Fig. 3.1, draw a line to show the diameter of the pupil of the left eye. [1] (d) In the pupil reflex, where are the receptors? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 A nucleus of cobalt emits a beta-particle to form a nickel nucleus. The equation for the nuclear decay is 60 Co X J 60 28 Ni + 0 ␤ –1 For Examiner’s Use . (a) Calculate the value of x. x = .................................................. [1] (b) State the nature of a beta-particle. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Determine the number of neutrons in a nucleus of nickel-60 ( 60 28 Ni). number of neutrons = .................................................. [1] (d) A nucleus of carbon 146 C emits a beta-particle. The half-life of 146 C is 5700 years. Initially, a sample of wood contains 1 000 000 atoms of 146 C. How long does it take for the number of 146 C atoms in the sample to decrease to 250 000? ....................................... years [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 6 5 Use words from the list to complete the sentences below. amino-acids bladder fat kidneys For Examiner’s Use liver Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Urea is produced in the body by the .............................................. , during the breakdown of .............................................. . The urea is excreted by the .............................................. . If there is too much glucose in the blood, the extra glucose is removed by the .............................................. , and stored in the cells as insoluble carbohydrate. [4] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 7 6 Ammonium nitrate is made by adding ammonia solution to nitric acid. For Examiner’s Use The equation for the reaction is NH3 + HNO3 NH4NO3 (a) State the type of reaction that occurs between ammonia and nitric acid. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Calculate the relative molecular mass of ammonia, ............................................................................ ammonium nitrate. .............................................................. [2] [Ar: N, 14; H, 1; O, 16.] (c) Calculate the mass of ammonia required to make 2.0 kg of ammonium nitrate. mass = ........................................... kg [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 8 7 Two similar metal cans A and B are shown in Fig. 7.1. For Examiner’s Use thermometer shiny white surface A thermometer B matt black surface Fig. 7.1 Can A has a shiny white surface. Can B has a matt black surface. Both cans contain equal masses of hot water. Initially, the cans and water are all at the same temperature. (a) Explain why the temperature of the water in can B falls more quickly than the water in can A. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State the process by which heat is transferred through the metal of the cans. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Air around each can is heated and rises. Explain why the air rises. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 9 8 Water for drinking is stored in reservoirs. For Examiner’s Use (a) State the two processes used to purify water to make it fit to drink. process 1 ......................................................................................................................... process 2 ..................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Suggest how these two processes purify water. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 10 9 A cross-section of part of a leaf, as it appears under the microscope, is shown in Fig. 9.1. For Examiner’s Use X Y Fig. 9.1 (a) Name the tissues labelled X and Y. X .............................................................. Y .............................................................. [2] (b) The leaf contains air spaces. Which tissue contains the most air spaces? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Describe how carbon dioxide enters a leaf during photosynthesis. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) The leaf is very thin. Explain how this helps the leaf to make carbohydrates by photosynthesis. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 11 10 (a) Complete Fig. 10.1 by inserting ‘yes’ or ‘no’ in the blank spaces. material For Examiner’s Use is the material magnetic? aluminium no carbon iron plastic steel Fig. 10.1 [2] (b) Using the materials in Fig. 10.1, name the material which is (i) a poor electrical conductor, .................................................................................. [1] (ii) used for the core of a transformer. ....................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 12 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a blast furnace for the extraction of iron from iron ore. For Examiner’s Use waste gases iron ore coke and limestone firebrick lining air slag molten iron Fig. 11.1 (a) Name an ore from which iron is extracted. .................................................................. [1] (b) In the extraction of iron, the iron ore is reduced by carbon monoxide. (i) Balance the equation for the reduction of iron ore. Fe2O3 + .......... CO (ii) .......... Fe + .......... CO2 [1] Explain what is meant by reduction. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) Describe how carbon monoxide is produced from the coke added to the furnace. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Suggest why sodium is not extracted using the same process as iron. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 13 12 Fig. 12.1 shows how the displacement of particles in a wave varies with distance along the wave. For Examiner’s Use 10 8 6 4 2 displacement / mm 0 0 10 1 20 30 3 40 4 50 5 60 6 70 7 80 8 90 9 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 distance / mm Fig. 12.1 (a) Use Fig. 12.1 to determine for this wave (i) the wavelength, .......................................... mm [1] (ii) the amplitude. .......................................... mm [1] (b) Waves on the surface of water are transverse waves. What is meant by a transverse wave? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 14 13 (a) Explain the function of teeth in the digestion of food. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Rates of dental decay amongst children in towns A and B were surveyed. The results are shown in Fig. 13.1. It is suggested that the difference between the rates of dental decay in town A and in town B is due to a difference in the fluoride content of the water. 10 Key 8 year-olds average number of decayed teeth per child 15 year-olds 5 0 town A town B Fig. 13.1 (i) Use the information in Fig. 13.1 to suggest which town has the higher water fluoride concentration. Explain your answer. town .................................................. explanation ............................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Suggest two other possible reasons for the difference in rates of dental decay in the two towns. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 For Examiner’s Use 15 14 Regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are shown in Fig. 14.1. radiowaves microwaves A visible light ultraviolet light For Examiner’s Use X-rays gamma-rays Fig. 14.1 (a) Name the region of the spectrum labelled A. ................................................... [1] (b) Which region of the spectrum has the longest wavelength? ................................................... [1] (c) All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum. State the magnitude of this speed. speed = ......................................... m / s [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 16 15 Part of the carbon cycle is shown in Fig. 15.1. X For Examiner’s Use Y Z coal and oil dead matter Fig. 15.1 (a) Use words from the list to complete the three empty boxes in Fig. 15.1. animals bacteria carbon dioxide fossil fuels oxygen Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. plants [3] (b) Which processes are represented by the arrows labelled X, Y and Z? X ...................................................................................................................................... Y ...................................................................................................................................... Z ................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 17 16 Fig. 16.1. shows properties of four substances. For Examiner’s Use substance melting point °C boiling point °C density g / cm3 A –219 –183 0.0015 B –114 78 0.79 C 119 445 1.96 D 1083 2582 8.94 Fig. 16.1 Use the letters in Fig. 16.1 to answer the questions below. Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all. Which substance is most likely to be (a) a metal, ............................................... [1] (b) a liquid at room temperature, ............................................... [1] (c) a covalent solid at room temperature? ......................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 18 17 A wooden block is pulled across a horizontal table at a constant speed of 0.20 m / s as shown in Fig. 17.1. wooden block force, 4.0 N table Fig. 17.1 The block is pulled a distance of 0.80 m by the horizontal force of 4.0 N. (a) Calculate the time taken for the block to move 0.80 m. time = ............................................. s [2] (b) Calculate the work done by the force of 4.0 N to move the block through 0.80 m. work done = .................... unit .................... [3] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 For Examiner’s Use 19 18 Fig. 18.1 shows methane burning using a Bunsen burner with the air hole open. For Examiner’s Use air hole methane Fig. 18.1 (a) Methane burns completely when the air hole is open. State the two products when methane burns completely. .............................................................. and .............................................................. [2] (b) Methane burns incompletely when the air hole is closed. Explain why it is dangerous to use a Bunsen burner in a poorly ventilated room with the air hole closed. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Organic compounds are grouped into families called homologous series. Describe the characteristics of a homologous series. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 20 19 Fig. 19.1. shows a swinging pendulum in two different positions. For Examiner’s Use At position A, the pendulum bob changes the direction in which it was moving. pendulum bob position A position B Fig. 19.1 (a) State the energy change that takes place as the pendulum swings from position A to position B. ......................................... energy changes to ......................................... energy. [2] (b) The period of the pendulum is 2.0 s. Calculate the shortest time for the pendulum to move from position A to position B. time = ............................................. s [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 21 20 Changes in the thickness of the lining of a woman’s uterus during the menstrual cycle are shown in Fig. 20.1. For Examiner’s Use thickness of the uterus lining 21 Feb 28 Feb 7 Mar 14 Mar 21 Mar date Fig. 20.1 (a) From Fig. 20.1, choose dates when (i) menstruation is occurring, .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) ovulation is likely to occur. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) (i) State the average length of a menstrual cycle. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Suggest two factors that might cause the length of a woman’s menstrual cycle to be longer or shorter than the average. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ........................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 [Turn over 22 21 Ethanol is manufactured from glucose. The process is carried out in the presence of yeast in an air-free container. The reaction produces a solution of ethanol in water. For Examiner’s Use (a) State the name of the process. .................................................................................... [1] (b) Explain why (i) yeast is used in this process, .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) the container should be air-free. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) Water boils at 100 °C. Ethanol boils at 78 °C. Suggest the name of the method used to separate ethanol from a mixture of ethanol and water. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Draw the structure of a molecule of ethanol. [1] © UCLES 2010 5129/02/M/J/10 2 1 Study the following reaction scheme. For Examiner’s Use potassium water alkaline solution A sulfuric acid + gas B warm with ammonium chloride salt C + water potassium chloride + gas D + water (a) Identify substances A, B, C and D. alkaline solution A .......................................... gas B ................................................... salt C .................................................... gas D ................................................... [4] (b) Name the ion present in solution A that makes it alkaline. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Universal Indicator is added to solution A. State its final colour. ............................................................. © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [1] 3 2 A stone has a mass of 2.0 kg. The gravitational field strength, g, on the Earth’s surface is 10 N/kg. For Examiner’s Use (a) Calculate the weight of the stone on the Earth’s surface. weight = ............................................ N [1] (b) On the Moon, the gravitational field strength is less than on the Earth. The stone is taken to the Moon. State the change, if any, in (i) the mass of the stone, ...................................... (ii) the weight of the stone. .................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 4 3 An electromagnet and a piece of soft iron are shown in Fig. 3.1. electromagnet soft iron Fig. 3.1 (a) When the current in the electromagnet is switched on, the soft iron is attracted. The current in the electromagnet is reversed. State the effect, if any, on the attraction of the soft iron. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Electromagnet cores are usually made of soft iron rather than steel. State the difference between the magnetic properties of soft iron and steel. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 (a) Define osmosis. .......................................................................................................................................... For Examiner’s Use .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) How does osmosis result in the uptake of water by plants? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) An area of farmland has been flooded with seawater. Suggest and explain the effect of this flooding on the crops growing on this land. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 6 5 The following is a list of metals. aluminium calcium copper iron For Examiner’s Use zinc (a) From the list, select the metal that (i) is protected from corrosion by an oxide layer, ..................................... (ii) [1] forms an amphoteric oxide, ..................................... (iii) [1] is a catalyst in the manufacture of ammonia. ..................................... [1] (b) Which metals are mixed together to form brass? ...................................... and ...................................... © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [2] 7 6 The displacement of particles in wave X varies with distance along the wave as shown in Fig. 6.1. For Examiner’s Use displacement wave X 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 distance / mm Fig. 6.1 (a) Use Fig. 6.1 to determine the wavelength of wave X. .......................................... mm [1] (b) A second wave, Y, has the same wavelength as wave X and half the amplitude. On Fig. 6.1, draw a line to show how the displacement of wave Y varies with distance. [1] (c) (i) State the unit of frequency. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) A wave has a speed of 340 m/s and a wavelength of 1.7 m. Calculate the frequency of this wave. frequency = ................................................ [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 8 7 Some red blood cells, as seen through a microscope, are shown in Fig. 7.1. Fig. 7.1 (a) (i) Name one structure, normally present in cells, that is not present in red blood cells. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Name two other structures, not present in these cells, that would normally be present in plant cells. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ........................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Blood also contains white blood cells, platelets and plasma. State one function of (i) white blood cells, ...................................................................................................... (ii) platelets, ................................................................................................................... (iii) plasma. ..................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 9 8 Apparatus used to react magnesium with steam is shown in Fig. 8.1. For Examiner’s Use magnesium steam hydrogen heat Fig. 8.1 The equation for the reaction is Mg + H2O MgO + H2 (a) What does the reaction tell you about the relative reactivity of magnesium and hydrogen? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Describe a test to show that the gas produced is hydrogen. test ................................................................................................................................... result ............................................................................................................................ [2] (c) State one large-scale use of hydrogen. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of magnesium oxide. (Ar: Mg, 24; O, 16.) .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Calculate the mass of magnesium oxide produced when 1.8 g of magnesium is reacted with excess steam. mass = ............................................. g [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 10 9 Fig. 9.1 shows two resistors, P and Q, in series. For Examiner’s Use A resistor P resistor Q voltmeter X V V voltmeter Y Fig. 9.1 The ammeter reads 0.20 A. Voltmeter X reads 1.2 V and voltmeter Y reads 2.0 V. (a) Calculate the potential difference across resistor P. potential difference = ............................................. V [1] (b) Calculate the resistance of resistor Q. resistance = ............................................ Ω [2] (c) Calculate the charge passing through the ammeter in 2 minutes. charge = ......................... unit .............. [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 11 10 (a) A balanced diet contains sufficient quantities of protein, carbohydrate, fat, fibre and water. (i) For Examiner’s Use Name two other different essential components of a balanced diet. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ........................................................................................................................... [2] (ii) Explain the importance of fibre in the diet. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) Food provides the energy needed by the body. The energy taken in and used by three people is shown in Fig. 10.1. average daily energy intake / kJ average daily energy used / kJ Rajiv 9700 9700 Kapilisha 6800 6850 10500 9600 Sanjay Fig. 10.1 (i) Give a possible reason for the difference in the amounts of energy used by Rajiv and Kapilisha. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Sanjay continues to eat the same diet for many years. Suggest a likely effect of this diet on his health. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 12 11 A barrel of gunpowder is shown in Fig. 11.1. Fig. 11.1 Gunpowder is a mixture of carbon, sulfur and potassium nitrate. Carbon and sulphur are insoluble in water. Potassium nitrate is soluble in water. Describe how you would obtain a sample of solid potassium nitrate from the gunpowder. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 13 12 An unmarked liquid-in-glass thermometer is shown in Fig. 12.1. thin glass bulb For Examiner’s Use narrow capillary tube liquid Fig. 12.1 (a) The thermometer is to have a scale marked on it. Explain why the thermometer is placed in melting ice and then placed in boiling water. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) State one change that could be made to the capillary tube to make a liquid-in-glass thermometer more sensitive. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) The volume of the liquid in the thermometer changes with change in temperature. Name one physical property of matter, other than volume, that also changes with change in temperature. ...................................... © UCLES 2009 [1] 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 14 13 The graph shows the number of adults with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa between 1985 and 2005. number of adults with HIV/AIDS women men 1985 1995 2005 (a) State three trends shown by the graph. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 3. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) Suggest two ways by which the spread of HIV/AIDS may be reduced. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State why the abuse of heroin may contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 15 14 An atom of fluorine is represented by 199F. The numbers 19 and 9 provide information about the structure of this fluorine atom. (a) (i) For Examiner’s Use Complete the following sentences. The number 19 is the .................................. number of fluorine. The number 9 is the .................................. number of fluorine. (ii) [2] Fluorine is a non-metal. How can this be deduced from the symbol 199F? .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (iii) Complete Fig. 14.1 to show the electronic structure of fluorine. F [1] Fig. 14.1 (b) Fluorine reacts violently with sodium to produce a white substance. (i) State the name of the substance produced. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) State the type of bonding present in this substance. .................................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 16 15 Radioactive sources may emit alpha-particles, beta-particles or gamma-rays from the nucleus. (a) Name apparatus that is used to detect alpha-particles. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State which of alpha-particles, beta-particles or gamma-rays are (i) the most penetrating, ............................................................ (ii) the most ionising, ............................................................. (iii) electrons. ............................................................ [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 17 16 An electric iron is shown in Fig. 16.1. For Examiner’s Use plastic handle cable Fig. 16.1 The iron is rated as 2000 W. (a) Calculate the amount of electrical energy changed into heat energy by the iron in 20 minutes. energy = ....................... unit ................ [3] (b) The insulation of the cable may become damaged. State and explain why this is hazardous. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 18 17 Human activities are destroying the Amazonian rainforest at a rate of about 50 000 km2 per year. (a) Suggest two reasons why rainforests are being destroyed by human activities. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Suggest the possible harmful effects of deforestation on (i) the Earth’s atmosphere, .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) animals living in the area, .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. (iii) the soil. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 19 18 Ethene, C2H4, is made by decomposing a long-chain hydrocarbon over a hot catalyst. (a) (i) For Examiner’s Use Name the process used to decompose this hydrocarbon. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) One of these hydrocarbons is octane. Complete the equation for the decomposition of octane. C8H18 (iii) ................. + C2H4 [1] Draw the structure of ethene. [1] (b) Ethanol, C2H5OH, is made industrially from ethene. Name the substance added to ethene to make ethanol. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State one use of ethanol. ............................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 [Turn over 20 19 A ray of light is incident at an angle of 28° on a water surface as shown in Fig. 19.1. reflected ray 28° air X water r Fig. 19.1 The light is partly reflected and partly refracted. (a) Calculate angle X. X = ...............................................° [1] (b) The refractive index of the water is 1.33. The angle of incidence is 28°. Calculate the angle of refraction r. angle = ...............................................° [3] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 21 20 A farmer analyses the nitrogen content of the soil in two of his fields. The results of this analysis are shown in Fig. 20.1. nitrogen content (arbitrary units) field A 135 field B 30 120 recommended level Fig. 20.1 (a) Explain why plants need nitrogen. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) (i) The plants in field B do not grow well. In what other way would the appearance of the plants differ from normal? .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) How could the nitrogen content of field B be increased to the recommended level? .............................................................................................................................. [1] (c) In many parts of the world, not enough food is produced to feed everyone. (i) Suggest one reason why this problem has become worse over the past 100 years. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) To feed a large number of people, it is better to grow plant crops, rather than raising animals for meat. Use ideas about food chains to explain why. .................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] © UCLES 2009 5129/02/M/J/09 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows some organisms in an ecosystem. They are not drawn to the same scale. For Examiner’s Use small bird grass cow flower wild dog hawk snail rabbit tree Fig. 1.1 (a) From Fig. 1.1 name (i) a producer, ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) a herbivore. ..............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 3 (b) Choose organisms from Fig. 1.1 to complete this food chain. 1 2 For Examiner’s Use 3 4 small bird grass [2] (c) State the energy source for the food chain. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (d) State the essential type of organism not shown in the ecosystem. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (e) Suggest why a food chain rarely has more than five stages. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] 2 The following is a list of metals. aluminium copper iron magnesium potassium zinc Complete the sentences by choosing metals from the list. Each metal may be used once, more than once or not at all. (a) .......................................... is used for electrical wiring in houses. [1] (b) .......................................... reacts vigorously with water producing hydrogen. [1] (c) .......................................... is extracted from haematite. [1] (d) .......................................... does not react with dilute sulphuric acid. [1] (e) .......................................... is used to galvanise iron to prevent it from rusting. [1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 4 3 Fig. 3.1 shows two resistors, A and B, connected in series. The resistance of A is 7.0 Ω. The ammeter reads 0.20 A. A A B 7.0 Ω V Fig. 3.1 (a) Calculate (i) the charge that passes through resistor A in 3.0 minutes, charge = ............................................... C [2] (ii) the potential difference across resistor A. potential difference = ............................ V [2] (b) The voltmeter reads 2.0 V. Calculate the potential difference across resistor B. potential difference = ............................ V [1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 Methane is the main constituent of natural gas. Methane burns in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. For Examiner’s Use The equation for the reaction is CH4 + 2O2 → 2H2O + CO2 (a) Describe a test to show that carbon dioxide is produced. test ................................................................................................................................... result ............................................................................................................................[2] (b) (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of methane, ............................................................... carbon dioxide. ...................................................... [2] (Ar : C, 12; H, 1; O, 16.) (ii) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced by burning 4 g of methane. mass = ................................................... g [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 6 5 Pieces of blue cobalt chloride paper are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of a plant leaf. They are held in place by glass slides as shown in Fig. 5.1. The plant is watered normally. upper leaf surface lower leaf surface blue cobalt chloride paper clear glass slides Fig. 5.1 Cobalt chloride paper is blue when dry and pink when it absorbs water. (a) Complete the table to show the colour of each piece of cobalt chloride paper after one hour. start upper surface lower surface blue blue after one hour [1] (b) (i) Name the process by which water is lost from the leaf. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State two ways in which the upper surface of a leaf differs from the lower surface, causing a difference in the rate of water loss. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ...........................................................................................................................[2] (c) Name the cells through which most water enters a plant and also the process involved. name of cells .................................................................................................................... process ........................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 For Examiner’s Use 7 6 Fig. 6.1 shows apparatus used to investigate the reaction between copper(II) oxide and hydrogen. excess hydrogen burning in air copper(II) oxide dry hydrogen heat ice colourless liquid Fig. 6.1 The equation for the reaction is CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O (a) What type of reaction does the copper(II) oxide undergo? ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State two properties that show that copper is a metal. property 1 ........................................................................................................................ property 2 ....................................................................................................................[2] (c) Suggest a test to prove that the colourless liquid is pure water. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 8 7 A free-fall parachutist jumps out of an aircraft. Fig. 7.1 shows how his downward velocity changes with time. downward velocity 0 0 10 time / s 20 Fig. 7.1 (a) Name (i) the downward force acting on the parachutist, .....................................................[1] (ii) the form of energy lost by the parachutist as he falls. ..........................................[1] (b) The parachutist accelerates during the first 10 seconds. Explain how Fig. 7.1 shows that the acceleration is not constant. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) The parachutist has a mass of 80 kg. At one point during his descent, the net downward force on him is 300 N. Calculate his acceleration. acceleration = ........................................... [3] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 For Examiner’s Use 9 8 Fig. 8.1 shows two similar metal cans. For Examiner’s Use infra-red emitter shiny white can A can B matt black Fig. 8.1 Can A has a shiny white surface and can B has a matt black surface. Both cans contain equal masses of cold water at the same initial temperature. The cans are placed equal distances from a heater that emits infra-red radiation. (a) Explain why the temperature of the water begins to rise more quickly in can B than in can A. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) As the water in the cans is heated, the volume of the water increases. State the change, if any, that occurs in (i) its mass, ...............................................................................................................[1] (ii) its density. .............................................................................................................[1] (c) Infra-red radiation is one component of the electromagnetic spectrum. Name two other components of the electromagnetic spectrum that have longer wavelengths than infra-red radiation. ............................................................... and ...............................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 10 9 (a) Explain two ways in which chewing aids the process of digestion. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (b) Describe the function of the salivary glands in the process of digestion. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (c) Complete the following sentences about dental hygiene. When ............................................................... grow between teeth, they produce acid. This acid attacks the teeth causing ......................................................................... . [2] 10 Hydrochloric acid, HCl, and sulphuric acid, H2SO4, are strong acids. Ethanoic acid, CH3CO2H, is a weak acid. (a) State the name of the ion that causes acidity. .............................................................[1] (b) State the colour of the solution obtained when Universal Indicator is added to a solution of (i) hydrochloric acid, .................................................. [1] (ii) ethanoic acid. ........................................................ [1] (c) Acids react with alkalis to form salts. Magnesium sulphate is prepared by reacting magnesium metal with sulphuric acid. Hydrogen is also produced in the reaction. (i) Write the equation for the reaction between magnesium and sulphuric acid. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Suggest the names of two other substances that produce magnesium sulphate when they are added to sulphuric acid. .......................................................... and .............................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 For Examiner’s Use 11 11 Fig. 11.1 shows paint droplets sprayed from a paint gun. paint gun For Examiner’s Use paint droplet Fig. 11.1 Each droplet has a negative charge. (a) Explain why the paint droplets move away from each other. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) The paint droplets are attracted to a metal surface. State whether the surface is uncharged, positively charged or negatively charged. ...................................................................[1] 12 Fig. 12.1 lists some quantities that may be measured in physics experiments. quantity measured unit frequency of a wave period of a pendulum Fig. 12.1 Complete the table by writing down the units in which each quantity could be measured. [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 12 13 (a) The electronic structures of nitrogen and hydrogen are shown in Fig. 13.1. For Examiner’s Use X X X X N X H X X Fig. 13.1 Construct a dot and cross diagram to show the electronic arrangement in a molecule of ammonia. [2] (b) Ammonia is manufactured from nitrogen and hydrogen using the Haber process. State the essential conditions for the Haber process. temperature ............................................................. °C pressure ................................................................. atm catalyst .......................................................................... [3] (c) Ammonia is used to make the fertiliser ammonium sulphate. This contains nitrogen which is essential for the growth of plants. State the names of two other elements essential for the growth of plants. ............................................................... and ...............................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 13 14 (a) Describe what is meant by the term famine. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State and explain two ways by which famine may be caused. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[4] 15 (a) Complete Fig. 15.1 to show how the voltage output of a simple a.c. generator changes with time. Show the voltage change for two complete rotations of the coil. voltage output 0 time Fig. 15.1 [3] (b) State one way by which the maximum voltage output of an a.c. generator could be increased. ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 16 A uniform metre rule is placed on a knife edge so that it balances horizontally. A soft-iron rod of weight 0.10 N is hung at the 20 cm mark. The rule is balanced by placing a lead disc at the 70 cm mark, as shown in Fig. 16.1. lead disc 0 20 50 70 cm knife edge soft-iron rod 0.10 N Fig. 16.1 (a) Calculate the weight of the lead disc. weight = ................................................ N [2] (b) A magnet is held under the soft-iron rod. Explain what will happen to the balanced metre rule. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 For Examiner’s Use 15 17 The electronic structure of aluminium is shown in Fig. 17.1. For Examiner’s Use X X X X X X X X X Al X X Al X X Fig. 17.1 (a) (i) (ii) Fig. 17.2 Complete Fig. 17.2 to show the electronic structure of an aluminium ion. [1] State the charge on the aluminium ion. ................................................................[1] (b) Using the electronic structure and the Periodic Table, explain why aluminium is a metal. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (c) Aluminium is used to make food containers because it is resistant to corrosion. Explain why aluminium is resistant to corrosion. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 16 18 Fig. 18.1 shows a germinating seed. For Examiner’s Use A B C D Fig. 18.1 (a) Name the parts labelled in Fig. 18.1. A ................................................................................... B ................................................................................... C ................................................................................... D ................................................................................... [4] (b) State three conditions that affect the germination of seeds. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ..................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 17 19 Fig. 19.1 shows a measuring cylinder that contains some water. Fig. 19.2 shows the same measuring cylinder with 50 metal spheres added. 50 For Examiner’s Use 50 cm3 cm3 40 40 30 30 20 20 water 10 10 water metal spheres Fig. 19.1 Fig. 19.2 Calculate (a) the volume of the 50 metal spheres, volume = ........................................... cm3 [2] (b) the volume of a single metal sphere. volume = ........................................... cm3 [1] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 [Turn over 18 20 Fig. 20.1 shows an extension-load graph for a spring. For Examiner’s Use 16 14 12 extension / cm 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 1 2 3 5 4 6 load / N Fig. 20.1 (a) What is the extension for a load of 2.0 N? .......................................................... cm [1] (b) The length of the spring with no load is 20 cm. What load gives the spring a total length of 30 cm? load = ................................................... N [2] © UCLES 2008 5129/02/M/J/08 2 1 A nucleus of (a) For the 24 11 24 11 For Examiner’s Use Na emits a beta-particle to form a nucleus of magnesium, Mg. Na nucleus, (i) state the number of protons, ……………… (ii) calculate the number of neutrons. ……………… (b) The decay of 24 11 [2] Na is described by the equation 24 11 Na 0 –1 β + A Z Mg. Calculate the values of A and Z. A = ……………………… Z = ……………………… [2] 2 Sound and light are both waves. Sound is a longitudinal wave. Complete the following sentences. Light waves are not longitudinal but are ……………………………… . In a vacuum, light travels at a speed of ……………………………… m / s. The distance between one crest of a wave and the next crest is called the ……………………………… of the wave. The number of complete waves produced in one second is called the ……………………………… of the wave. © UCLES 2007 [4] 5129/02/M/J/07 3 3 Fig. 3.1 shows an experiment about the rusting of iron filings. As the iron rusts, the level of the water rises in the inverted test-tube. damp iron filings air before rusting air after rusting 150 mm 125 mm water Fig. 3.1 (a) Use Fig. 3.1 to calculate how far up the test-tube the water rises. …………………………… [1] (b) Which gas in the air is used up during rusting? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) In addition to this gas, what other substance is required for iron to rust? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) (i) Iron may be prevented from rusting by galvanising. Explain the meaning of the term galvanising. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] (ii) State one other way by which iron may be prevented from rusting. ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 4 4 Hydrogen carbonate indicator solution is used to show the amount of carbon dioxide, CO2, passed through it. The solution changes colour as shown below. purple orange yellow less CO2 CO2 in atmospheric air more CO2 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows a bottle containing hydrogen carbonate indicator solution. P hydrogen carbonate indicator solution Fig. 4.1 A person breathes out through tube P five or six times. What colour does the indicator solution become? …………………………………… [1] (b) Fig. 4.2 shows apparatus used in an experiment. air pump bottle A bottle B bottle C Fig. 4.2 Bottle A contains hydrogen carbonate indicator solution. Bottle B contains a green plant. Bottle C contains a candle. © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 For Examiner’s Use 5 The candle is lit and a black cloth is placed over bottle B. The air pump moves air through all three bottles in the direction shown by the arrows. The hydrogen carbonate indicator solution is orange at the start of the experiment. (i) State the colour change that will occur in the indicator solution in bottle A during the experiment. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) The candle in bottle C is extinguished and the black cloth is removed from bottle B. The air continues to circulate. 1. Name the process that starts when the plant is in the light. ............................................................................................................................. [1] 2. Write a word or symbol equation for this process. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [2] 3. What colour change now occurs slowly in the indicator solution? ............................................................................................................................. [1] (iii) The process named in (b)(ii) has a waste product that may be excreted. 1. State what is meant by excretion. ........................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... [2] 2. Name the waste product and explain why it may not be excreted. name ................................................................................................................. explanation ........................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 6 5 Fig. 5.1 shows a lighting circuit. fuse For Examiner’s Use switch A switch B switch C lamp P lamp Q live 230 V neutral Fig. 5.1 (a) Switches A and B are closed. Switch C remains open. State which lamp or lamps, if any, are lit. …………………………… [1] (b) When all the switches are closed, the voltage across lamp Q is 230 V and the current through it is 0.5 A. (i) Calculate the resistance of lamp Q. [3] (ii) State the voltage across lamp P. …………………………… [1] (iii) Lamps P and Q are identical and are at normal brightness. Calculate the current through the fuse. …………………………… A [1] (c) State the energy changes taking place inside a lamp at normal brightness. …………………………………… energy is being changed into …………………………………… and …………………………………… © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [2] 7 6 When carbon dioxide and carbon are heated together, carbon monoxide is produced. The equation for the reaction is C + CO2 For Examiner’s Use 2CO (a) Calculate the relative molecular mass of (i) carbon dioxide, ……………………………… (ii) carbon monoxide. ……………………………… [2] (b) Calculate the mass of carbon monoxide produced from 2.2 g of carbon dioxide. .......................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Carbon monoxide is a pollutant of the air. (i) Explain how carbon monoxide gets into the air. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Why is pollution of the air by carbon monoxide harmful? ............................................................................................................................. [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [Turn over 8 7 Fig. 7.1 is a diagram of a plant cell. For Examiner’s Use A B D C E Fig. 7.1 (a) (i) State the letters of two parts of the cell in Fig. 7.1 that show it is a plant cell. ……………………… and ……………………… (ii) [2] State the names of these two parts. ………………………………………… and ………………………………………… [2] (b) State the names of three parts that are found in both plant cells and animal cells. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................. [3] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 9 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a pin in front of a plane mirror. The position of the image of the pin is also shown. mirror pin image of pin Fig. 8.1 Fig. 8.1 also shows a ray of light incident on the mirror. (a) On Fig. 8.1, draw the reflected ray. [2] (b) Fig. 8.2 shows a ray of light entering a block of plastic. normal air plastic X 35 Fig. 8.2 The angle of incidence is X and the angle of refraction is 35°. (i) State the equation used to calculate refractive index. [1] (ii) The plastic has a refractive index of 1.45. Calculate angle X. © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 angle = …………………… [2] [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 10 9 (a) In Fig. 9.1, the boxes on the left give the names of some fractions obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil). The boxes on the right show the uses of these fractions. Draw lines between the boxes to link each fraction with its correct use. fractions uses paraffin making roads bitumen jet aircraft fuel heavy oils fuel for cars petrol waxes and polishes Fig. 9.1 [4] (b) The fractions obtained from crude oil contain hydrocarbons from the homologous series called alkanes. (i) State one characteristic of a homologous series. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Octane is an alkane with eight carbon atoms. State the molecular formula of octane. ................................................................ [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 For Examiner’s Use 11 10 Fig. 10.1 shows a bar magnet pushed slowly into a coil of wire. The ammeter measures a very small current in the positive direction. S N magnet moving into coil 0 + ammeter Fig. 10.1 Use the following phrases when answering the questions below. larger current smaller current no current current in opposite direction (a) State what happens when (i) the North pole of the magnet is pushed more quickly into the coil, .................................................................................................................................. (ii) the South pole of the magnet is pushed into the coil, .................................................................................................................................. (iii) the magnet is inside the coil but is not moving. ............................................................................................................................. [3] (b) The number of turns of wire on the coil is decreased. The North pole of the magnet is pushed slowly into the coil. How is the ammeter reading different from that shown in Fig. 10.1? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 12 11 Equal volumes of the same hydrochloric acid solution are placed into three separate test-tubes. Equal sized pieces of the metals, copper, iron and magnesium, are dropped into the test-tubes. The results are shown in Fig. 11.1. gas bubbles metal tube A tube B tube C Fig. 11.1 (a) Name the gas produced in tubes A and B. ................................................................ [1] (b) Describe a test which shows that hydrochloric acid is acidic. test ................................................................................................................................... result ........................................................................................................................... [2] (c) (i) (ii) Which tube contains copper? ……………… Which tube contains magnesium? ……………… © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [2] For Examiner’s Use 13 12 (a) Fig. 12.1 represents blood flowing from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart. lungs blood to lungs blood from lungs heart Fig. 12.1 (i) State the type of blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs. ............................................................................................................................. [1] (ii) Describe two changes that take place in the blood as it passes through the lungs. 1. .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. 2. .............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. [4] (b) A sharp stone cuts a person’s foot, which then bleeds. Explain the role of each of the following components of blood, as a result of the cut. platelets ........................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... white blood cells .............................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... [4] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 13 Fig. 13.1 shows two bar magnets and a piece of iron. One of the bar magnets has its two poles marked. N unmarked bar magnet S bar magnet piece of iron Fig. 13.1 (a) (i) (ii) The two bar magnets are repelling each other. On Fig. 13.1, mark the two poles of the unmarked bar magnet. The iron becomes magnetised and is attracted to the bar magnet next to it. On Fig. 13.1, mark the two poles of the piece of iron. [2] (b) Iron is a magnetic material. Name another magnetic material. ............................................................................... [1] (c) Electromagnets are sometimes used instead of bar magnets. State two ways in which the strength of an electromagnet may be changed. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................. [2] 14 Potassium is a metal in Group I of the Periodic Table. It reacts violently with chlorine to produce potassium chloride. (a) How many electrons are in the outer shell of a potassium atom? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between potassium and chlorine. ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) State the type of bonding present in potassium chloride. ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Potassium reacts with carbon dioxide producing a white solid and a black solid. Suggest the products of the reaction. white solid ……………………………… black solid ……………………………… © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [2] For Examiner’s Use 15 15 A student carries out an experiment using a spring to produce the load-extension graph of Fig. 15.1. For Examiner’s Use extension / cm 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 load / N Fig. 15.1 (a) Use Fig. 15.1 to find the extension of the spring for a load of 5.0 N. ……………………… cm [1] (b) Before the spring is stretched, its length is 10.2 cm. Calculate the length of the spring when the load is 5.0 N. [1] (c) State the apparatus that may be used in the experiment to measure (i) the length of the spring, ……………………… (ii) the load on the spring. ……………………… © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 [2] [Turn over 16 16 Atoms of 10B and 11B have different nucleon numbers. For Examiner’s Use (a) What name is given to atoms of the same element with different nucleon numbers? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Fig. 16.1 represents the nucleus of a 11B atom. Fig. 16.1 (i) Name the particles represented by ………………………… ………………………… (ii) [2] Complete the diagram below to represent the electronic structure of boron. B [1] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 17 17 Fig. 17.1 shows changes in the thickness of the wall of the uterus during the human menstrual cycle. menstrual cycle thickness of uterus lining 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 time in days Fig. 17.1 (a) How long is the menstrual cycle in humans? ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) On Fig. 17.1, write (i) O at the time when ovulation is likely to occur, (ii) M at the time when menstruation is likely to occur. [2] (c) Use words from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each word may be used once, or not at all. abstinence condoms sperm vagina hormones infertility vasectomy A natural method of contraception is ………………………………… . A mechanical method of contraception is using ………………………………… which prevent ………………………………… from entering the ………………………………… . [4] © UCLES 2007 5129/02/M/J/07 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows the extraction of iron from iron ore using a blast furnace. waste gases iron ore limestone coke firebrick lining air slag molten iron Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) (ii) State the name of an iron ore. ...............................................................................[1] Why is limestone added to the blast furnace? ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] (b) In the blast furnace, iron is extracted from its ore by reduction using carbon. Explain why sodium cannot be extracted from its ore by reduction using carbon. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 For Examiner’s Use 3 For Examiner’s Use (c) The cutlery in Fig. 1.2 is made from stainless steel. Fig. 1.2 (i) Stainless steel is an alloy. What is an alloy? ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State one other use for stainless steel. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (d) Brass is an alloy of two metals. Name the two metals in brass. .................................................. and .................................................. © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [2] [Turn over 4 2 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 2.1 shows a speed-time graph for a car. 25 speed m/s 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time / s Fig. 2.1 (a) Complete the following sentence. The car is at rest from a time of .................... s to a time of .................... s. [1] (b) Calculate the distance moved by the car in the first 10 seconds. [2] (c) The acceleration of the car between 40 s and 70 s is constant. How does Fig. 2.1 show this? ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 5 3 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 3.1 shows a satellite in orbit around the Earth. Earth satellite Fig. 3.1 (a) The satellite has constant speed. Explain why it does not have constant velocity. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) The satellite receives infra-red radiation from the Sun. (i) (ii) The satellite must be kept cool. Suggest a suitable colour for the satellite. .............................. [1] Explain your answer to (b)(i). ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] (c) Name a region of the electromagnetic spectrum with a longer wavelength than infra-red radiation. .............................. [1] (d) Infra-red radiation is a transverse wave. State one example of a longitudinal wave. © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 .............................. [1] [Turn over 6 4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows sections cut through two different types of blood vessel. X Y Fig. 4.1 Name the type of blood vessel shown in X, ...................................................................................................................................... Y. ..................................................................................................................................[2] (b) Fig. 4.2 shows some blood as seen under a microscope. Fig. 4.2 (i) Name the red substance found in cell P. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State the function of cell P. ...............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 For Examiner’s Use 7 For Examiner’s Use (c) Suggest two functions of cell Q. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ..................................................................................................................................[2] (d) State three types of substance that are transported in region R. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ..................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 8 5 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 5.1 shows four test-tubes, each containing a different gas. The four gases are argon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen. There are no labels to say which gas is in each test-tube. tube A tube B tube C tube D Fig. 5.1 The gases in tubes A and C extinguish a lighted splint. The gas in tube D relights a glowing splint. The gas in tube A turns limewater milky. (a) Identify the four gases. tube A ................................... tube B ................................... tube C ................................... tube D ................................... (b) (i) [3] Hydrogen and oxygen react together to produce water. State the formula for a molecule of (ii) hydrogen, ................................... oxygen, ................................... water. ................................... [1] Write an equation for the reaction. Include state symbols. ..............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 9 6 For Examiner’s Use Gaseous exchange takes place in the lungs. Oxygen moves from air to blood and carbon dioxide moves from blood to air. (a) State where in the lungs gaseous exchange occurs. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) (i) Name the process by which carbon dioxide moves from blood to air. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain how this process takes place. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a swinging pendulum in three different positions. At position A and at position C the pendulum bob changes the direction in which it is moving. pendulum bob A C B Fig. 7.1 (a) State the position, A, B or C at which the pendulum has the least potential energy. .............................. [1] (b) The pendulum takes 1.6 s to swing from position A to position C. Calculate the period of the pendulum. ..............................s [1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 10 8 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 8.1 shows a girl lowering an empty bucket into a well to fill it with water. Fig. 8.1 (a) The density of water is 1 000 kg / m3. When the bucket is filled it contains 0.0020 m3 of water. Calculate the mass of water in the bucket. [2] (b) When full, the weight of the bucket and the water is 25 N. (i) Calculate the useful work done in lifting the bucket full of water through a vertical distance of 6.0 m. [2] (ii) © UCLES 2006 State the unit of work done. .............................. [1] 5129/02/M/J/06 11 9 For Examiner’s Use Ethanol is manufactured by two different processes: • • the fermentation of glucose the catalytic addition of steam to ethene (a) Fermentation is carried out at 40 °C and in the absence of air. Explain why these conditions are used. (i) temperature ............................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] (ii) absence of air ............................................................................................................ ...............................................................................................................................[1] (b) The catalytic addition of steam to ethene uses a higher temperature and a catalyst. State the temperature used and name the catalyst. temperature ......................... °C catalyst ................................ [2] (c) Fig. 9.1. shows how ethene is obtained from crude oil. crude oil paraffin process A ethene process B Fig. 9.1 Name the processes A and B. A .............................. B .............................. © UCLES 2006 [2] 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 12 For Examiner’s Use 10 Use words from the following list to complete the sentences below. The words may be used once, or not at all. bacterium fertilisation carrier contraception gonorrhoea intercourse condom virus HIV / AIDS is caused by a ..................................., and is passed on by a person who is a ................................... . This infection can be prevented by using a ................................... which is also a form of ................................... . Another infection that is passed on during ................................... is ................................... . [6] 11 Fig. 11.1 gives information about four radioactive sources. source type of radiation half-life A gamma 5 years B beta 4 minutes C alpha 12 years D beta 28 years Fig. 11.1 (a) Use the information in Fig. 11.1 to choose the letter or letters of the sources that (i) emit the least penetrating radiation, ......................... (ii) emit electrons, ......................... (iii) emit radiation that can pass through several centimetres of lead. ................... [3] (b) (i) Give the letter of the source that is most suitable for an experiment to measure half-life. .............................. [1] (ii) Give a reason for your answer. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 13 For Examiner’s Use 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a 250 V electric iron. The iron has a power rating of 1500 W. plastic handle Fig. 12.1 (a) (i) State a formula for calculating electrical power. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Calculate the current when the iron is working normally. .............................. A [2] (b) Explain why the handle of the iron is made of plastic rather than metal. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Complete the following sentence about energy changes. The iron converts .............................. energy into .............................. energy. © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [2] [Turn over 14 For Examiner’s Use 13 Fig. 13.1 shows part of a flower. A B C D Fig. 13.1 (a) Name the parts labelled A, ............................................................. B, ............................................................. C, ............................................................. D. ............................................................. [4] (b) State the function of the parts labelled A, ............................................................. B, ............................................................. C, ............................................................. D. ............................................................. © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [4] 15 For Examiner’s Use (c) Fig. 13.2 shows a section cut through a seed. Fig. 13.3 shows the seed after germination. Fig. 13.2 Fig.13.3 State three conditions that are necessary for germination to occur. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ..................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 16 For Examiner’s Use 14 Fig. 14.1 shows a boy on a diving board. The support holds the diving board in place. support pivot diving board 1.5 m Fig. 14.1 The boy weighs 500 N and is 1.5 m from the pivot. (a) On Fig. 14.1, draw arrows to represent (i) the force of gravity on the boy, [1] (ii) the force on the diving board at the support. [1] (b) Calculate the moment of the weight of the boy about the pivot. [2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 17 For Examiner’s Use 15 Chlorine is a green gas in group VII of the Periodic Table. Chlorine exists as a diatomic molecule. (a) (i) (ii) State the formula of a chlorine molecule. ..............................................................[1] State the number of electrons in the outer shell of a chlorine atom. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (b) Fig. 15.1 shows chlorine being bubbled into a solution of potassium iodide. The solution turns brown because iodine is produced. chlorine potassium iodide solution Fig. 15.1 (i) State the other product of this reaction..................................................................[1] (ii) Explain how the experiment shows the relative reactivity of chlorine and iodine. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] (c) Chlorine is used in the purification of water supplies. Explain why. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 18 For Examiner’s Use 16 A potato is cut in half and the skin is removed. A well is cut in the flat top of one half of the potato. Concentrated sugar solution is poured into the well. The potato is now placed in a tray of water as shown in Fig. 16.1. It is left for four hours. The result is shown in Fig. 16.2. well containing sugar solution well containing sugar solution potato potato water water Fig. 16.1 Fig. 16.2 During the four-hour period the volume of the sugar solution in the well increases. Explain why. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 19 For Examiner’s Use 17 Fig. 17.1 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer. thin glass bulb narrow capillary tube liquid Fig. 17.1 (a) Name the physical property that is used for the measurement of temperature in this thermometer. .............................. [1] (b) State the change that could be made to the capillary tube to make a liquid-in-glass thermometer more sensitive. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) State one difference between a mercury-in-glass laboratory thermometer and a mercury clinical thermometer. The clinical thermometer................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 [Turn over 20 18 Fig. 18.1 shows the apparatus used to make ammonium nitrate in the laboratory. Ammonia solution and nitric acid are reacted together so that neither remains in the final solution. apparatus A ammonia solution conical flask nitric acid Fig. 18.1 (a) Name the piece of apparatus labelled A. ......................................................................[1] (b) (i) State the type of reaction that occurs when ammonia reacts with nitric acid. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State the pH of the solution when the reaction is complete. ................................................... [1] (c) The equation for the reaction is NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3 The relative molecular mass of ammonia is 17. [Ar : N,14;H,1;O,16.] (i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of ammonium nitrate. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Calculate the mass of ammonium nitrate produced from 6.8 g of ammonia. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2006 5129/02/M/J/06 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 1.1 shows the electronic structure of an atom of chlorine. Fig. 1.1 (a) (i) State the Group of the Periodic Table in which chlorine is placed. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Use the information in Fig. 1.1 to give a reason for your answer to (a)(i). ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] (b) Chlorine exists as a diatomic molecule. Draw a diagram of a chlorine molecule showing the outer electrons only. [2] (c) Chlorine reacts with an aqueous solution of potassium iodide producing potassium chloride and iodine. (i) State the type of reaction that takes place. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Construct an equation for the reaction. ................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 3 2 (a) (i) For Examiner’s Use Name a nitrogen-containing ion that is essential to plants. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) State the use of this ion in a growing plant. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) A farmer wants to add the ion named in (a)(i) to the soil. Name a compound that the farmer could spread on the fields to add this ion. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Suggest how a river flooding a field can remove the ion from the soil. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] 3 Fig. 3.1 shows how the displacement of particles in a wave varies with distance along the wave. displacement 0 distance Fig. 3.1 (a) On Fig. 3.1 draw a line to show a wave with the same amplitude and with half the wavelength. [2] (b) Name the region of the electromagnetic spectrum with waves of (i) the longest wavelength, ............................................................................................. (ii) the shortest wavelength. .......................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 4 4 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 4.1 shows three lamps and switches connected to a cell. All the switches are open. switch A lamp P switch B lamp Q switch C lamp R Fig. 4.1 (a) State which lamp or lamps, if any, light when switch A only is closed. ........................................[1] (b) State which switches must be closed to make lamp Q light but not lamp R. ........................................[1] (c) When all the lamps are lit, the current through each lamp is 0.25 A. Calculate the current from the cell. ........................................A [1] (d) An ammeter is used to measure the current from the cell. On Fig. 4.1, mark with the letter X a suitable position for the ammeter. © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [1] 5 5 Indigestion is caused when too much acid is produced in the stomach. Indigestion may be cured by chewing tablets containing magnesium carbonate. For Examiner’s Use (a) An indigestion tablet containing magnesium carbonate is crushed and shaken with water and Universal Indicator solution is added. State the final colour of the solution. ............................................................................[1] (b) The acid present in the stomach is hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction between magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O (i) Name the ion that is present in aqueous hydrochloric acid and all other aqueous acids. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State the type of reaction that occurs between hydrochloric acid and magnesium carbonate. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (iii) Describe a test that you could use to prove carbon dioxide is given off in the reaction. test ............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... result .......................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 6 6 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 6.1 shows the human alimentary canal. A B C D Fig. 6.1 (a) Name the parts labelled. A........................................................................................................................................ B........................................................................................................................................ C........................................................................................................................................ D....................................................................................................................................[4] (b) A person eats some bread. State two effects of saliva on the bread. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ..................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 7 For Examiner’s Use (c) Fig. 6.2 shows some of the bread as it moves down part of the alimentary canal. X Y direction of movement of the bread Fig. 6.2 (i) Name the process that causes the movement. ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) State what the muscles of the intestine are doing at point X and at point Y. X ................................................................................................................................ Y ............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 8 7 For Examiner’s Use Fig. 7.1 shows an electromagnet. iron core component A Fig. 7.1 (a) Name component A. ....................................................................................................[1] (b) State one way in which the strength of the electromagnet can be increased. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) The core is made of iron rather than steel. State one difference between the magnetic properties of iron and steel. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] 8 A suspended balloon is rubbed with a duster. This produces a negative charge on the balloon. A charged acetate strip is brought near to the balloon. The balloon moves towards the acetate strip as shown in Fig. 8.1. charged acetate strip negatively charged balloon Fig. 8.1 Explain why the balloon moves towards the acetate strip. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 9 9 For Examiner’s Use Petrol, hydrogen and ethanol are used as fuels for cars. (a) (i) Name one of these three fuels that produces carbon monoxide as it burns. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name one of these three fuels that produces sulphur dioxide as it burns. ................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) When sulphur dioxide escapes into the environment it dissolves in water to produce acid rain. State two effects of acid rain on the environment. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ..................................................................................................................................[2] (c) State the gas, present in the air, that is needed for any fuel to burn. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (d) Suggest how the process of respiration is similar to the combustion of fuels. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] 10 Ammonia is manufactured by reacting nitrogen with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. (a) Balance the equation for the reaction. N2 + ___H2 → ___NH3 [1] (b) State the temperature and the pressure used in the manufacture of ammonia. temperature .......................................°C pressure .............................................atm (c) (i) [2] Name the catalyst used in the manufacture of ammonia. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Give a reason why a catalyst is used in the process. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 10 For Examiner’s Use 11 Fig. 11.1 shows the male reproductive system. A X X B C Fig. 11.1 (a) Name and give the function of each of the structures labelled A, B and C. A name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... B name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... C name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[6] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 11 For Examiner’s Use (b) Cutting both of the tubes shown at the points marked X is a form of contraception. (i) Explain why this method is effective. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of this method of contraception. advantage .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... disadvantage ............................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 12 12 Two plane mirrors are used to reflect a ray of light. The ray of light follows the path shown in Fig. 12.1. Fig. 12.1 On Fig. 12.1, draw two plane mirrors in the correct positions to reflect the ray along this path. [2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 For Examiner’s Use 13 For Examiner’s Use 13 Nuclei of a radioactive isotope of iodine, 13513 I, emit beta-particles. (a) Calculate the number of neutrons in a nucleus of 13513 I. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) When a nucleus of 13513 I emits a beta-particle, state the change in (i) the number of neutrons, ............................................................................................ (ii) the number of protons. .............................................................................................. [2] (c) The half-life of 13513 I is eight days. Sixteen days ago, a sample of 13513 I emitted 16 000 beta-particles per second. (i) Calculate the number of half-lives in sixteen days. (ii) Use your answer to (c)(i) to calculate the number of beta-particles now emitted per second by the sample. [3] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 14 14 (a) Define relative atomic mass. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (b) An element, X, is extracted from the oxide of the element, X2O3, by reduction with carbon. The equation for the reaction is X2O3 + 3C → 2X + 3CO The relative molecular mass of X2O3 is 160. (i) Calculate the relative atomic mass of X. [Ar: O,16] ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Calculate the mass of carbon that reacts with 8.0 g of the oxide, X2O3. [Ar: C,12] ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 For Examiner’s Use 15 For Examiner’s Use 15 (a) Many human mothers feed their babies on breast milk. (i) State what is in breast milk that helps babies’ muscles to develop. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name the mineral in breast milk that helps babies’ haemoglobin to develop. ................................................................................................................................... (iii) State what is in breast milk that helps a baby to overcome a disease such as influenza. ................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) (i) Suggest two advantages, other than those in (a), of breast milk rather than powdered milk mixed with water. 1. ............................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Suggest a disadvantage of feeding babies on breast milk. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 16 For Examiner’s Use 16 (a) State the formula used to calculate the moment of a force. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) Fig. 16.1 shows a spanner being used to tighten a nut. 0.15 m 40 N force nut spanner Fig. 16.1 Calculate the moment of the 40 N force about the centre of the nut. [2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 17 For Examiner’s Use 17 A kettle, as shown in Fig. 17.1, has a power rating of 1500 W. water heating element Fig. 17.1 (a) Explain what is meant by the term power rating. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) The connecting wire of the kettle is fitted with a plug containing a fuse. State whether the fuse is connected into the live, neutral or earth lead. ........................................[1] (c) The water at the bottom of the kettle is heated. Explain, in detail, how the rest of the water in the kettle is heated by convection. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[3] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 18 For Examiner’s Use 18 Study the reactions shown in Fig. 18.1. process A burning alkane carbon dioxide + colourless liquid B ethene process D hydrogen steam + catalyst colourless gas C poly(ethene) colourless liquid E Fig. 18.1 (a) Identify the processes A and D. process A .................................................... process D .................................................... [2] (b) Identify the substances B, C and E. substance B ................................................ substance C ................................................ substance E ................................................ [3] (c) Draw a diagram to show the structure of ethene. [1] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 19 For Examiner’s Use 19 Fig. 19.1 shows part of the carbon cycle. atmosphere C D A plants animals B fossil fuels Fig. 19.1 (a) Name a compound containing carbon that is found in the Earth’s atmosphere. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) Name the processes labelled A, B, C and D. Choose only words from the list below. You may use the words once, more than once or not at all. combustion decomposition A ............................................... B ............................................... C ............................................... D ............................................... © UCLES 2005 feeding photosynthesis respiration [4] 5129/02/M/J/05 [Turn over 20 20 A ball is thrown horizontally from a tall building and it follows the path shown in Fig. 20.1. ball tall building ground Fig. 20.1 (a) How can you tell from the path of the ball that there is a force acting on it? ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) On Fig. 20.1 draw an arrow to show the direction of the force on the ball after it has left the building. [1] (c) State the form of energy (i) lost by the ball as it falls to the ground, ..................................................................... (ii) gained by the ball as it falls to the ground. ............................................................[2] © UCLES 2005 5129/02/M/J/05 For Examiner’s Use 2 1 (a) Both animal and plant cells contain a nucleus. State two other features found in (i) animal cells, 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... (ii) plant cells. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [4] (b) Fig. 1.1 shows a cell. Fig. 1.1 State whether this is a plant cell or an animal cell. ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows an extension – load graph for an elastic band. extension / cm 12 8 4 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 load / N Fig. 2.1 (a) What load gives an extension of 5.0 cm? ..............................N [1] ..............................N [2] (b) The length of the elastic band with no load is 8.0 cm. What load gives the elastic band a length of 14.0 cm? (c) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus that may be used to obtain an extension – load graph for an elastic band. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 4 3 Fig. 3.1 represents the particles in different substances at room temperature. A B C D E F Fig. 3.1 Which diagram could represent (a) a gaseous element, ..................................... (b) an alloy, ..................................... (c) a gaseous mixture, ..................................... (d) sodium chloride, ..................................... (e) air? ..................................... [5] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 5 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a ray of light from a pin. The light is incident on a plane mirror. mirror pin Fig. 4.1 (a) On Fig. 4.1, (i) draw the reflected ray, (ii) mark with an X the position of the image of the pin. [3] (b) Fig. 4.2 shows a ray of light passing from air into a glass block. The normal to the surface of the glass is shown. glass block B 30° air normal Fig. 4.2 (i) Calculate the angle of incidence. .............................................................................. (ii) Name angle B. .......................................................................................................... [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 6 5 Fig. 5.1 shows a seedling with its roots in a coloured dye solution. The dye travels slowly up the stem to the leaves. leaf coloured dye solution Fig. 5.1 (a) After four hours, a section of one of the leaves is examined under a microscope. Fig. 5.2 shows the section as seen under the microscope. A B C D Fig. 5.2 (i) In which region, A, B, C or D will the coloured dye be seen? ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Name the tissue chosen in (a)(i). ...............................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 7 (b) (i) Name the chemical process for which the leaf uses water. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Suggest two other uses for water in a plant. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [3] (c) A healthy seedling is growing in a sunny place, but there is not enough water around its roots. (i) Describe how the appearance of the seedling changes after several hours. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Explain why the changes in (c)(i) take place. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 8 6 Fig. 6.1 shows a balanced uniform metre rule. The knife edge is at the 50.0 cm mark and the 0.1 N weight is at the 20.0 cm mark. 0 cm mark 20.0 cm mark 50.0 cm mark 0.1 N 0.2 N knife edge Fig. 6.1 (a) Calculate the anticlockwise moment of the 0.1 N weight about the knife edge. .........................N cm [2] (b) Calculate the distance of the 0.2 N weight from the knife edge. ............................cm © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [2] For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 9 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a blast furnace for the extraction of iron from haematite, Fe2O3. waste gases raw materials firebrick lining air slag molten iron Fig. 7.1 (a) Name the raw materials put in at the top of the blast furnace with the haematite. ............................................................... and ...............................................................[2] (b) (i) Balance the following equation for the reduction of haematite to iron. Fe2O3 + ....... CO (ii) → .......Fe + ....... CO2 Carbon monoxide acts as a reducing agent in the reaction. Explain the meaning of the term reducing agent. ................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................[2] (c) (i) Name the two substances that cause iron to rust. .............................................................. and ............................................................. (ii) State what is meant by galvanising and explain how it prevents iron from rusting. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... [4] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 10 8 Fig. 8.1 shows a longitudinal section through a blood vessel. Fig. 8.1 (a) State whether Fig. 8.1 shows an artery or a vein and give a reason for your choice. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State two other differences between arteries and veins. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 11 (c) Fig. 8.2 shows blood flowing towards the small intestine and away from it, during digestion of a meal. For Examiner’s Use small intestine blood vessels Fig. 8.2 The blood leaving the intestine has changed. State one change that has taken place in (i) the oxygen content of the blood, ................................................................................................................................... (ii) the pressure of the blood, ................................................................................................................................... (iii) the concentration of glucose dissolved in the blood. ................................................................................................................................... [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 12 9 (a) Heat is transferred in solids by conduction. Explain how the molecules in a solid are involved in conduction. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (b) Fig. 9.1 shows a convector heater in a room. This produces a convection current in the air in the room. Draw arrows on Fig. 9.1 to show the directions of the flow of air in the room. ceiling convector heater floor Fig. 9.1 [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 13 10 Argon is an element in Group 0 of the Periodic Table. One isotope of argon is represented below. For Examiner’s Use 40 18 Ar (a) How do isotopes of an element differ from one another? .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) How many neutrons are present in one atom of 40 Ar? 18 ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Explain why argon has no chemical reactions. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (d) State one use of argon. ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 14 11 The ammeter in Fig. 11.1 reads 0.2 A. A X 4Ω Z 4Ω Y Fig. 11.1 (a) State the current at Z. ..................................................................................................[1] (b) Calculate the potential difference between (i) X and Z, (ii) X and Y. [3] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use 15 12 Fig. 12.1 shows the female reproductive system. P Q R Fig. 12.1 (a) Name and state the function of the parts labelled P, Q and R. P name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... Q name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... R name.......................................................................................................................... function ...................................................................................................................... [6] (b) On Fig. 12.1 (i) label with an X the place where sperm are deposited, (ii) label with a Y where eggs are normally fertilised. [2] (c) A woman begins to menstruate on July 1st. When is the next date that she is likely to ovulate? ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over 16 13 (a) State the difference between magnetic and non-magnetic materials. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) Insulated wire is wrapped round a core as shown in Fig. 13.1. A current is passed through the wire to form an electromagnet. core coil Fig. 13.1 (i) Suggest a suitable material for the core. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) State two ways by which the strength of the electromagnet may be increased. 1. ............................................................................................................................... 2. ............................................................................................................................... [3] 14 (a) Name two gases that pollute the atmosphere. For each one, state a source of the pollutant. gas 1 ................................................................................................................................ source .............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... gas 2 ................................................................................................................................ source .............................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................[4] (b) Describe an effect of one of these gases on the environment. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 For Examiner’s Use For Examiner’s Use 17 15 Alpha-particles, beta-particles and gamma-rays are three types of radioactive emissions. (a) State which type is (i) the most penetrating, ................................................................................................ (ii) the most ionising, ...................................................................................................... (iii) part of the electromagnetic spectrum. ...................................................................... [3] (b) State what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive material. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[2] (c) A radioactive material emits beta-particles. Fig. 15.1 shows the number of beta-particles emitted in one second at two different times. time/hours number of particles emitted in one second 0 400 24 100 Fig. 15.1 Calculate the half-life of the radioactive material. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 [Turn over For Examiner’s Use 18 16 The first member of the alkene homologous series is ethene. Ethene, C2H4, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. (a) Explain what is meant by unsaturated. .......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................[1] (b) State the general formula of the alkenes. ......................................................................................................................................[1] (c) Ethanol, C2H5OH, can be produced by reacting ethene with steam. (i) State one condition required for this reaction. ................................................................................................................................... (ii) Deduce the equation for the reaction. ................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) Ethene undergoes polymerisation to form poly(ethene). Draw the structure of the polymer molecule. [2] © UCLES 2004 5129/02/M/J/04 2 1 Fig. 1.1 represents the arrangement of atoms or molecules in four different substances, A, B, C and D. A B C D Fig. 1.1 (a) Which substance is an alloy? ................................................................... [1] (b) Which substance is a compound? ............................................................ [1] (c) Which substances are elements? .......................... and .......................... [1] (d) Which substance could be carbon dioxide? ............................................. [1] 5129/02/M/J/03 For Examiner's Use 3 2 For Examiner's Use A measuring cylinder contains 80 cm3 of water and has a total mass of 300 g. A stone is then lowered into the cylinder. The new reading of the volume is 110 cm3 and the total mass is 390 g. The readings are shown in Fig. 2.1. 110 cm3 80 cm3 mass = 300 g mass = 390 g Fig. 2.1 (a) What is the mass of the stone? ............................................................. g [1] (b) What is the volume of the stone? ...................................................... cm3 [1] (c) Use your answers to (a) and (b) to calculate the density of the stone. [3] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 4 3 For Examiner's Use (a) Inspired air differs from expired air. State three differences between inspired and expired air. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................ [3] (b) Fig. 3.1 shows some apparatus for comparing inspired and expired air. breathe in and out here bicarbonate indicator solution test-tube 1 test-tube 2 Fig. 3.1 Each test-tube contains bicarbonate indicator solution. In atmospheric air, bicarbonate indicator solution is red. In expired air it turns yellow. The reaction is reversible. At the start of the experiment the bicarbonate indicator in both test-tubes is red. A person breathes in and out through the middle tube. In which test-tube will the bicarbonate indicator solution go yellow? .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5129/02/M/J/03 5 For Examiner's Use (c) The yellow bicarbonate indicator solution is put into the apparatus in Fig. 3.2. sunlight yellow bicarbonate indicator solution plant Fig. 3.2 The apparatus is left in sunlight for two hours. The yellow solution becomes red again. (i) Suggest why the bicarbonate indicator changes colour. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) Name the process in the plant that causes the colour change. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) State the word equation for this process taking place in the plant. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [2] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 6 4 A student investigated the reactivity of some metals. He placed small pieces of the metals copper, iron, magnesium and zinc in test-tubes containing the same volume of hydrochloric acid. The acid in each tube had the same concentration and initial temperature. His observations are shown in Fig. 4.1. bubbles of gas copper iron magnesium zinc Fig. 4.1 (a) Use his observations to list the metals in order of reactivity, the most reactive metal first. 1. ....................................................... 2. ....................................................... 3. ....................................................... 4. ....................................................... [2] (b) Suggest why the hydrochloric acid should be the same concentration and temperature in each of the test-tubes. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) (i) Name the gas given off when the metals react with hydrochloric acid. .................................................................................................................................. (ii) State the test for this gas. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. [2] (d) State the name and formula of the salt formed when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid. name ................................................. formula ..................................... 5129/02/M/J/03 [2] For Examiner's Use 7 5 Fig. 5.1 shows how the displacement of particles in a wave varies with distance from the source. For Examiner's Use 6 4 2 displacement / mm 0 –2 –4 –6 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 distance from source / cm Fig. 5.1 (a) Use Fig. 5.1 to determine (i) the wavelength, .............................................. cm [1] (ii) the amplitude. ............................................ mm [1] (b) The wave shown in Fig. 5.1 has a frequency of 5.0 Hz. (i) State what is meant by frequency. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [2] (ii) Use your answer to (a)(i) to calculate the speed of the wave. [3] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 8 6 (a) (i) State three different uses of energy within the body. 1. .............................................................................................................................. 2. .............................................................................................................................. 3. ........................................................................................................................ [3] (ii) Suggest three ways in which energy can be lost from the body. 1. .............................................................................................................................. 2. .............................................................................................................................. 3. ........................................................................................................................ [3] (b) The recommended daily energy intake for a man aged 45 is 12 100 kJ and for a 75 year old man is 8 800 kJ. Suggest a reason for this difference in daily energy intake. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 7 Sulphur dioxide is produced when coal is burnt in air. Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain. (a) Write the symbol equation for the burning of sulphur in oxygen. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) When the sulphur dioxide dissolves in rain water what happens to the pH value of the rain water? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) State two environmental problems caused by acid rain. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................ [2] 5129/02/M/J/03 For Examiner's Use 9 8 For Examiner's Use Fig. 8.1 shows an electric kettle. The heating element heats the water around it. water heating element Fig. 8.1 (a) Explain, in detail, how the rest of the water in the kettle is heated by convection. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) Suggest two reasons why the body of the kettle is made of plastic rather than metal. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................ [2] (c) The mains plug of the kettle has three connections. One of them is called the live. What are the names of the other two connections? ........................................... and ............................................. [2] (d) The mains supply is 230 V. The current in the heating element of the kettle is 8.0 A. Calculate the resistance of the heating element. [2] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 10 9 For Examiner's Use Fig. 9.1 shows a section through part of a green leaf. B A C D E Fig. 9.1 (a) Name the tissue in which water is carried through the leaf. .................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) From Fig. 9.1 give (i) the letter that identifies the tissue in (a), .................. [1] (ii) the letter that identifies tissue containing chlorophyll. .................. [1] (c) Name the process by which water is lost from the leaf. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5129/02/M/J/03 11 10 Ethane and ethene are both hydrocarbons. They can be distinguished from each other using aqueous bromine solution. (a) For Examiner's Use (i) State the colour of aqueous bromine solution. ................................................... (ii) State what you would see when aqueous bromine solution is added to ethane and to ethene in separate test-tubes. ethane ...................................................................................................................... ethene ...................................................................................................................... [3] (b) Both hydrocarbons burn in oxygen. What are the products of complete combustion of the hydrocarbons? ............................................................. and .............................................................. [2] 11 Fig. 11.1 shows a simple electric bell. When the switch is closed the metal ball hits the gong. clamp switch springy metal electromagnet iron metal ball gong Fig. 11.1 (a) Explain why the metal ball moves when the switch is closed. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [3] (b) What difference, if any, does it make if the cells are reversed? .................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Complete the following sentence about the energy changes taking place in the cells. The cells change ……………………… energy into ……………………… energy. 5129/02/M/J/03 [2] [Turn over 12 For Examiner's Use 12 Fig. 12.1 shows a section through a flower. B C A D Fig. 12.1 (a) Suggest one use for each of the labelled parts. A ...................................................................................................................................... B ...................................................................................................................................... C ...................................................................................................................................... D ................................................................................................................................ [4] (b) On Fig. 12.1, mark with a cross (X) a place where fertilisation occurs. [1] (c) After fertilisation, what do the ovule and the ovary become? The ovule becomes a ................................................... . The ovary becomes a ................................................... . 5129/02/M/J/03 [2] 13 For Examiner's Use 13 (a) Ammonia contains nitrogen and hydrogen and is represented by the formula NH3. Use the information from the Periodic Table to help you complete Fig. 13.1 to show the arrangement of the outer shell electrons in a molecule of ammonia. H N H H Fig. 13.1 [2] (b) (i) Name the type of bonding present in ammonia. ................................................... [1] (ii) Explain, in terms of particles, why the boiling point of ammonia is –34 °C. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [2] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 14 14 Fig. 14.1 shows a bar magnet being pushed into a coil of wire to induce an e.m.f. S N Fig. 14.1 (a) State three factors that affect the size of the induced e.m.f. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ................................................................................................................................ [3] (b) The induced e.m.f. produces a current through the coil. State two ways by which the current may be reversed. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ................................................................................................................................ [2] 5129/02/M/J/03 For Examiner's Use 15 For Examiner's Use 15 Fig. 15.1 shows some plant tissue. cell X cell Y Fig. 15.1 (a) (i) Name the type of cell marked X. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (ii) Name the process by which water enters cell X. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (iii) Suggest why cell X is better at taking in water than cell Y. .................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................ [1] (b) Suggest four ways in which water is used in a plant. 1. ...................................................................................................................................... 2. ...................................................................................................................................... 3. ...................................................................................................................................... 4. ................................................................................................................................ [4] 5129/02/M/J/03 [Turn over 16 For Examiner's Use 16 An element X exists as two isotopes 28X and 30X. (a) What are isotopes? .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Complete the following table. isotope number of protons number of neutrons 28X 30X number of electrons 14 14 16 [3] (c) How do the chemical properties of each isotope of the element compare with each other? Explain your answer. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... [2] (d) Use the Periodic Table to identify element X. .................................................. [1] 5129/02/M/J/03 17 17 Ball A and ball B in Fig. 17.1 are both made of polythene. nylon threads A B Fig. 17.1 (a) A polythene ball, initially uncharged, can be given a negative charge by rubbing it with a duster. What type of charge does the duster gain? ............................................................... [1] (b) Fig. 17.2 shows the two balls after they have each been given a negative charge. A B Fig. 17.2 Explain why the two balls do not hang vertically. .................................................................................................................................... [1] 5129/02/M/J/03 For Examiner's Use

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