Risk Factors: ((Arnoldussen &
All,2017): Absence of menstrual
periods for long periods of time.
A family history of osteoporosis.
Drinking a large amount of
alcohol
Signs and Symptoms:(Williams &
Hopper,2020): Silent killer, no symptoms
until a bone is broken. Symptoms of vertebral
(spine) fracture include severe back pain, loss
of height, or spine malformations such as a
stooped or hunched posture (kyphosis).
Potential Complications: (Arnoldussen & All,2017) :
Fractures and deformities. Affected bones break more
easily. Osteoarthritis. can cause osteoarthritis. Heart
failure. Bone cancer.
Misshapen bones can increase the amount of stress on
nearby joints,
Disease Process: Osteoporosis
Pathophysiology (definition, etiology, prognosis):
is a metabolic bone disease that, on a cellular level, results from osteoclastic bone resorption not compensated by osteoblastic bone formation. This
causes bones to become weak and fragile, thus increasing the risk of fractures. It is a classic example of a multifactorial disease with a complex
interplay of genetic, intrinsic, exogenous, and lifestyle factors contributing to an individual's risk of the disease.
Etiology: Patients depend on which joints are affected and the level of symptomatology and functional impairment. Some patients remain relatively
unaffected by osteoarthritis, while others can experience severe disability.
Prognosis: Wear low-heeled shoes with nonslip soles and check your house for electrical cords, area rugs and slippery surfaces that might cause you
to fall. Keep rooms brightly lit, install grab bars just inside and outside your shower door, and make sure you can get into and out of your bed easily.
Nursing Interventions:
Nursing Diagnosis:
Medical Interventions: Analgesic
patches, hot and cold
-SN will assess pain during activity to provide
baseline data for future assessments.
Activity Imbalance r/t pain
-Creams, Rubs, Sprays, Exercise
-SN will encourage as much independence as
possible to promote activity.
-Hot and cold therapies
-Weight control
-SN will ensure nursing interventions are
grouped together to minimize patient.
(Arnoldussen & All,2017)
(Gulanick & Myers. 2011).
Impaired physical mobility r/t altered joint
function and pain.
Disturbed body image r/t changes in joint function
and structure.
(Gulanick & Myers (2011).
References:
Williams., L., S., & Hopper., P., D (2020). Understanding: Medical Surgical Nursing (Fifth Edition).
Gulanick., M., & Myers., J (2011). Nursing Care plans: Diagnoses. Interventions and outcomes (Eighth Edition).
Arnoldussen., B., Callahan., B., Daley., L., K., Hand., C., M., Phillips., P., Rodehorst., K., T (2017) Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning
(Third Edition).