Ë. Ô. Øèòîâà, Ò. Ë. Áðóñêèíà
ENGLISH IDIOMS
AND PHRASAL VERBS
ÀÍÃËÎ-ÐÓÑÑÊÈÉ ÑËÎÂÀÐÜ
ÈÄÈÎÌ È ÔÐÀÇÎÂÛÕ ÃËÀÃÎËÎÂ
Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã
ББК 81.2Англ3
Ш55
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Шитова Л. Ф., Брускина Т. Л.
English Idioms and Phrasal Verbs = Англорусский словарь
Ш55
идиом и фразовых глаголов. – 3е издание. – СПб. : Антология,
2012. – 256 с.
ISBN 9785949620120
Настоящее издание представляет собой опыт составления
словаря фразеологических соответствий образных слов и выра
жений английского и русского языков.
Впервые под одной обложкой объединены идиомы и соче
тания глаголов с послелогами, известные в лингвистике как фра
зовые глаголы.
Новизна подхода заключается в том, что вместо описатель
ного перевода английских фразеологических сочетаний читате
лю предлагается их образный эквивалент в русском языке.
Словарь расcчитан на широкий круг людей, изучающих
английский язык.
ББК 81.2Англ3
ISBN 9785949620120
© Шитова Л. Ф., Брускина Т. Л., 2012
© ООО «Антология», 2012
Adam and Eve must have been troublemakers
because they raised Cain.*
Foreword
Ïðåäèñëîâèå
Èäèîìàòèêà – íåîòúåìëåìàÿ ÷àñòü ëþáîãî ÿçûêà. Îíà øèðîêî
óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â óñòíîé ðå÷è, ãàçåòíûõ ñòàòüÿõ, õóäîæåñòâåííîé
ëèòåðàòóðå, äåëàÿ ÿçûê èçëîæåíèÿ áîëåå ÿðêèì è êðàñî÷íûì. Íåðåäêî
èäèîìû âñòðå÷àþòñÿ â íàçâàíèÿõ ïåñåí è êèíîôèëüìîâ. Áåç çíàíèÿ
èäèîì íåâîçìîæíî ïîíÿòü þìîð, òàê êàê èìåííî â øóòêàõ è àíåêäîòàõ
÷àñòî îáûãðûâàåòñÿ ìíîãîçíà÷íîñòü èäèîìàòè÷åñêèõ âûðàæåíèé.
Àâòîðû âçÿëè íà ñåáÿ ñìåëîñòü îòîéòè îò òðàäèöèîííîãî
îïèñàòåëüíîãî ïåðåâîäà èäèîì è ïîïûòàëèñü íàéòè â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå
ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèé îáðàçíûé ýêâèâàëåíò.
Ýòîò ïðèíöèï âïåðâûå ðàñïðîñòðàíÿåòñÿ è íà ôðàçîâûå ãëàãîëû,
÷òî çíà÷èòåëüíî îáëåã÷àåò èõ çàïîìèíàíèå è äàëüíåéøåå óïîòðåáëåíèå.
Æåëàíèå îáúåäèíèòü ïîä îäíîé îáëîæêîé èäèîìû è ôðàçîâûå
ãëàãîëû íå ñëó÷àéíî. È òå, è äðóãèå ôðàçåîëîãèçìû ïðåäñòàâëÿþò
ñîáîé íåðàçëîæèìûå ñî÷åòàíèÿ, íå ïîääàþùèåñÿ áóêâàëüíîìó
ïåðåâîäó. Îñîáîå âíèìàíèå è èíòåðåñ ê ôðàçîâûì ãëàãîëàì
ïðîäèêòîâàí æèçíüþ. Èçó÷àþùèå àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê ñî âðåìåíåì
îñîçíàþò òðóäíîñòü ïîíèìàíèÿ ôðàçîâûõ ãëàãîëîâ ïðè ÷òåíèè è
óñòíîì îáùåíèè ñ íîñèòåëÿìè ÿçûêà è äðóãèìè èíîñòðàíöàìè. Ê
ñîæàëåíèþ, ýòîìó ðàçäåëó àíãëèéñêîé ëåêñèêè óäåëÿåòñÿ
íåäîñòàòî÷íî âíèìàíèÿ, ÷òî ñëåäóåò ðàññìàòðèâàòü êàê ïðîáåë â
îòå÷åñòâåííîé ìåòîäèêå ïðåïîäàâàíèÿ.  îïðåäåëåííîé ñòåïåíè ýòà
êíèãà íàïðàâëåíà íà òî, ÷òîáû çàïîëíèòü ýòó íèøó. Ñëîâàðü íå
ïðåòåíäóåò íà ðîëü ïîñîáèÿ ïî ðàçâèòèþ íàâûêîâ óñòíîé ðå÷è, íî
îáðàçíûé ïîäõîä ê ïåðåäà÷å ôðàçîâûõ ãëàãîëîâ ìîæåò ïîìî÷ü
îâëàäåíèþ ýòèì òðóäíûì ðàçäåëîì àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà.
Ñëåäóåò îòìåòèòü, ÷òî â ïîïûòêå íàéòè îáðàçíîå ñîîòâåòñòâèå
îòîáðàííûì ãëàãîëüíûì ñî÷åòàíèÿì – äëÿ îáëåã÷åíèÿ èõ âîñïðèÿòèÿ
÷èòàòåëåì – àâòîðû íåðåäêî îêàçûâàëèñü â çàòðóäíèòåëüíîì ïîëîæåíèè,
òàê êàê íåêîòîðûå çíà÷åíèÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûõ ôðàçîâûõ ãëàãîëîâ
ëèøåíû îáðàçíîé îêðàñêè. Êðèòåðèåì îòáîðà çíà÷åíèé ôðàçîâûõ
ãëàãîëîâ ñòàë ôîðìàò ýêçàìåíîâ, ïðåäëàãàåìûõ Áðèòàíñêèì Ñîâåòîì**,
ïîýòîìó íåêîòîðûå çíà÷åíèÿ äàíû îïèñàòåëüíûì ïåðåâîäîì.
* r a i s e C a i n – ïîäíÿòü øóì, óñòðîèòü ñêàíäàë;
– âîñïèòàòü Êàèíà
** First Cambridge Certificate;
Advanced Cambridge Examination
3
Èäèîìàòèêà (îñîáåííî íåðàçëîæèìûå ãëàãîëüíûå ñî÷åòàíèÿ)
îòëè÷àåòñÿ ìíîãîçíà÷íîñòüþ.  ñòîëü íåáîëüøîì èçäàíèè íå
ñòàâèëàñü çàäà÷à îòðàçèòü âñå çíà÷åíèÿ òîãî èëè èíîãî ôðàçåîëîãèçìà.
Îñíîâíîé ïðèíöèï, êîòîðûé âûäåðæèâàåòñÿ â äàííîì ñëîâàðå, –
ïîäáîð îáðàçíîãî ôðàçåîëîãè÷åñêîãî ñîîòâåòñòâèÿ. Àâòîðû íàäåþòñÿ,
÷òî êðàñî÷íîñòü ðóññêîé ôðàçåîëîãèè ïîìîæåò ÷èòàòåëþ ëó÷øå
óñâîèòü è çàïîìíèòü ñëîæíûå ëåêñè÷åñêèå åäèíèöû àíãëèéñêîãî
ÿçûêà – èäèîìû è ôðàçîâûå ãëàãîëû.
Àâòîðû âûðàæàþò áëàãîäàðíîñòü çà ïîìîùü â ïîäãîòîâêå êíèãè
Ãîâàðäó Ãîëäôèíãåðó (ÑØÀ) çà òùàòåëüíóþ, ïðîôåññèîíàëüíóþ ðåäàêòóðó ðóêîïèñè è Èåíó Äîäñîíó (Âåëèêîáðèòàíèÿ) çà èëëþñòðàòèâíûå ïðèìåðû ê öåëîìó ðÿäó èäèîì.
Labels and Abbreviations
Óñëîâíûå îáîçíà÷åíèÿ è ñîêðàùåíèÿ
adj
adv
affect
Am
attr
bibl
derog
esp
facet
fig
folk
form
Fr
humor
imper
inf
Lat
lit
n
old-fash
sl
smb
smth
usu
v
ê-ë
÷-ë
adjective
adverb
affectionately
American
attributive
biblical
derogatory
especially
facetiously
figuratively
folksy
formal
French
humorously
imperative
informal
Latin
literary
noun
old-fashioned
slang
somebody
something
usually
verb
êòî-ëèáî, êîãî-ëèáî, êîìó-ëèáî
÷òî-ëèáî, ÷åãî-ëèáî, ÷åìó-ëèáî
Words are, of course,
the most powerful drug used by mankind.
Rudyard Kipling
IDIOMS AND
COLOURFUL WORDS
A
a ball and chain
ïóòû; îêîâû ˜ Our national debt
is an economic ball and chain dragging us down, keeping longer-term
interest rates high.
a back-handed compliment
ñîìíèòåëüíûé êîìïëèìåíò ˜ He
said he liked me a lot better than
the last time he met me, which I
thought was rather a back-handed
compliment.
a ball of fire
(inf)
ñãóñòîê ýíåðãèè ˜ Sally is a real
ball of fire – she works late every
night.
a backwater
«áîëîòî» ˜ Our town is a cultural
backwater.
a baptism of/by fire
áîåâîå êðåùåíèå ˜ I was given
a million-dollar project to manage
in my first month. It was a real baptism of fire. ˜ Can you remember
your first day in the classroom,
Pat? – Yes, I had to teach maths
to a class of 30 very difficult
sixteen-year-olds. It was a baptism
of fire, I can tell.
a bad patch
ïîëîñà íåâåçåíèÿ ˜ He went
through a very bad patch last year:
he lost his job and his wife left him
for another man.
a bag of bones
(inf)
êîæà äà êîñòè ˜ All the plumpness she’d acquired in middle age
had gone. She was a bag of bones.
a bash
òóñîâêà ˜ They would like to attend
the NewYear’s Eve bash in Times
Square. ˜ We were invited to the big
bash for Marjory Strider’s opening.
a bag/bundle of nerves
êîìîê íåðâî⠘ Monica cannot
work under pressure – she’s just a
bag/bundle of nerves.
a baker’s dozen
÷åðòîâà äþæèíà ˜ “How many of
the jelly doughnuts, Sir?” the
salesclerk asked. “Oh, make it a
baker’s dozen.”
a bear garden
áàçàð (øóìíîå ñáîðèùå) ˜ This
office is a bear garden when the
boss is away.
5
a bed of roses
bermouth, so don’t tell him anything
about your love life!
a bed of roses
ðàéñêàÿ æèçíü; íå æèçíü, à ìàëèíà; íå æèçíü, à ìàñëåíèöà ˜ Being
the mayor of a small town is a bed
of roses compared with being
mayor of New York.
a black Maria
÷åðíûé âîðîí; âîðîíîê; «Ìàðóñÿ» ˜ The bank robber was collared by the police and taken away
in a black Maria.
a bee in one’s bonnet
ïóíêòèê; ïðè÷óäà; èäåÿ ôèêñ ˜
She has a bee in her bonnet about
going to America. ˜ Bill’s got a bee
in his bonnet about burglars; he’s
always imagining strange noises.
a blind alley
òóïèêîâûé âàðèàíò ˜ Tom thinks
the job of motor mechanic is a blind
alley, as in ten years’ time all cars
may be electronic and computerdriven!
a big cheese/shot
(Am inf)
âàæíàÿ ïòèöà; áîëüøàÿ øèøêà
˜ Today we’re being visited by
some big shots from the head office. ˜ She loved being the big
cheese of her company.
a blind date
ñâèäàíèå âñëåïóþ (âñòðå÷à,
îðãàíèçîâàííàÿ äðóçüÿìè äëÿ
íåçíàêîìûõ ëþäåé) ˜ A blind
date can be a huge success, or a
big disappointment.
a big fish
áîëüøàÿ øèøêà; âàæíàÿ ïòèöà ˜
He works in the Ministry of Defence,
and I think he’s quite a big fish.
a block
(inf)
áàøêà ˜ I bumped my block
against the beam.
a bird/pea-brain
êóðèíûå ìîçãè ˜ She is a birdbrain.
a blow-out
(inf)
ïèðóøêà; êóòåæ ˜ Have a blowout on your birthday!
a bird of passage
(fig)
ïåðåëåòíàÿ ïòèöà ˜ Most of
these emigrants were birds of passage who returned to Spain after a
relatively short stay.
a blue movie
ïîðíóõà (ïîðíîôèëüì) ˜ Blue
movies should be shown late at
night.
a bird’s eye view
âèä ñ âûñîòû ïòè÷üåãî ïîëåòà
˜ We had a bird’s eye view of the
old town from the top of the city
walls.
a blue-eyed boy/girl (derog)
ëþáèì÷èê (íà÷àëüñòâà) ˜ Paula
thinks she can do what she likes,
just because she’s the blue-eyed
girl of the boss.
a blabbermouth
òðåïëî; áîëòóí ˜ Tom’s a blab-
a bolt from the blue
ãðîì ñðåäè ÿñíîãî íåáà ˜ His
6
a cash cow
a bright spark (esp about
children, pupils)
ñâåòëàÿ ãîëîâà; óìíèöà ˜ At
school I wasn’t one of the bright
sparks that went on to higher education.
resignation was a bolt from the
blue.
a bone of contention
êàìåíü ïðåòêíîâåíèÿ (ñïîðíûé/
òðóäíûé âîïðîñ); ÿáëîêî ðàçäîðà
˜ We’ve fought for so long that
we’ve forgotten what the bone of
contention is.
a bug
æó÷îê (ïîäñëóøèâàþùåå óñòðîéñòâî) ˜ Specialists were called
in to clean the Embassy of bugs.
a boozer
(inf)
àëêàø ˜ I used to be a boozer
for years during the war.
a buildup
«ðàñêðóòêà» (ðåêëàìà) ˜ The
new television series was given a
terrific buildup by the popular press.
a bottleneck
óçêîå ìåñòî (ïðîáëåìà) ˜ The
strike has created a bottleneck in
the assembly department.
a burning issue
çëîáà äíÿ ˜ Entry or non-entry
into the European Common Market
was one of the burning issues in
British politics in the early 1970s.
a brain like a sieve
ïàìÿòü êàê ðåøåòî ˜ He lost
the key to his Ferrari but
admitted that his brain was like
a sieve.
a busybody
êóìóøêà, ñïëåòíèöà; ñîâàòü
íîñ; ëåçòü â ÷óæèå äåëà ˜ Don’t
be a busybody! It’s none of your
business. ˜ Mr Heath said that
Britain should not be an interfering
busybody.
a brainwave
áëåñòÿùàÿ èäåÿ ˜ While in the
bath, Archimedes had a brainwave
for calculating the volume of irregular-shaped solids.
a can of worms
(inf)
ÿùèê Ïàíäîðû (èñòî÷íèê áåä/
íåñ÷àñòèé) ˜ Once you start making concessions to individual members of staff, you really open up a
can of worms.
a brat
(derog)
ùåíîê; ñîïëÿê; âûðîäîê ˜ Mrs
Estrupp’s children are all brats.
a bread heel
ãîðáóøêà õëåáà ˜ She saves
bread heels for the birds.
a carbon copy
òî÷íàÿ êîïèÿ ˜ He’s a carbon
copy of his father.
a breath of fresh air
ãëîòîê ñâåæåãî âîçäóõà ˜ After
all the criticism, his positive comments came as a breath of fresh
air.
a cash cow
«äîéíàÿ êîðîâà» ˜ I guess we
7
a catch 22
is a con-man, so I want to stop
dealing with him.
need a cash cow to start the business. ˜ Milking the cash cow is
much easier than setting up a new
business.
a copy-cat
«îáåçüÿíà» ˜ Billy is such a copycat. He bought a coat just like mine.
a catch 22
(Am sl)
çàêîëäîâàííûé êðó㠘 Homeless
people often find themselves in a
catch-22 situation: they can’t afford
lodgings, and employers won’t hire
them without a fixed abode.
a couch potato/a couchpotato
(inf)
ôàíàò «ÿùèêà»; òåëåìàí (ñìîòðåòü òåëåâèçîð, æóÿ è ëåæà íà
äèâàíå) ˜ Jane was in danger of
turning into a couch potato when
she was resting at home after her
operation. ˜ Poor Ted has become
such a couchpotato that we can’t
persuade him to do anything.
a chain smoker
çàÿäëûé êóðèëüùèê ˜ Mr Jones
is a chain smoker.
a charmed life
Áîã áåðåæåò (îò îïàñíîé ñèòóàöèè) ˜ He was in two airplane accidents, but he had a charmed life.
a country bumpkin
(inf)
äåðåâåíùèíà ˜ People who live
in large cities often consider those
who live in rural villages as unsophisticated and as ’country bumpkins’.
a cheapskate
êðîõîáîð; ñêðÿãà; ìåëêàÿ äóøîíêà ˜ I’m having nothing to do
with a cheapskate like him!
a crock
(humor)
êîëûìàãà; äðàíäóëåò (îá àâòîìîáèëå) ˜ Do you think this old crock
will keep going for the entire journey?
a cheeky monkey
íàãëàÿ òâàðü ˜ You’re a cheeky
monkey!
a cry-baby
(inf)
íþíÿ; ïëàêñà; ðåâà; ãëàçà íà
ìîêðîì ìåñòå ˜ Don’t be such a
cry-baby – I hardly touched you.
a close call/shave
íà âîëîñîê (îò íåñ÷àñòüÿ); ÷óäîì ñïàñòèñü/èçáåæàòü ÷-ë ˜
That was a close call! That van
came speeding round the corner
and didn’t see me crossing the
road! ˜ He’s never had an accident
but he’s had several close shaves.
a crying need
îñòðàÿ íåîáõîäèìîñòü/íóæäà ˜
There is a crying need for more
hospitals.
a con-man/conman
êèäàëà; ïðîõîäèìåö; æóëèê ˜
He’s a bit of a conman, I’d have
nothing to do with him if I were you!
˜ I suspect my business partner
a cushy job/life/number
òåïëîå ìåñòå÷êî; íåïûëüíàÿ
ðàáîòà ˜ You don’t know of any
cushy jobs in the Public Health
Department, do you?
8
a doss house
a dig
(inf)
øïèëüêà; êàìåøåê â ÷åé-òî îãîðîä ˜ The politician’s speech was
full of sly digs at the Monarchy.
˜ The last remark was a dig at me.
a cut above
íà ãîëîâó âûøå ˜ He’s a cut
above the average engineer.
a cut-throat price
áðîñîâàÿ öåíà ˜ The poster on
the window read: 45% reduction on
all refrigerators, washing machines
and vacuum cleaners. Many other
household appliances at cut-throat
prices.
a dime a dozen
íàâàëîì; ïîëíûì-ïîëíî ˜ Mr
Jones gives A’s to only one or two
students, but in Mr Smith’s class,
A’s are a dime a dozen.
a dime-dropper
(Am sl)
ñòóêà÷ ˜ I think she’s the dimedropper who caused the roust.
a dab hand
äîêà; ñïåö; ìàñòàê (çíàòîê ñâîåãî äåëà) ˜ He’s a dab hand at
carpentry. ˜ She was an avid reader
and a dab hand at solving difficult
crossword puzzles.
a dirt road
ïðîñåëî÷íàÿ äîðîãà (íåìîùåíàÿ) ˜ Their simple homes are
often miles apart along dusty dirt
roads.
a damp squib
ïðîâàë; íåóäà÷à; ïîëíîå ðàçî÷àðîâàíèå ˜ Our first meeting
to gather support for our ideas
was rather a damp squib – only
four people attended. ˜ Those
pictures we were promised turned
out to be a damp squib –
I thought they would be much
more exciting.
a dog in the manger
ñîáàêà íà ñåíå ˜ Don’t be such
a dog in the manger – you didn’t
want to play that record until
I asked to borrow it from you!
a do-gooder
äîáðîõîò ˜ The local vicar and
his wife spent much of their time
involved in charity work but were
regarded by many in the town as
interfering do-gooders.
a dark horse
òåìíàÿ ëîøàäêà ˜ We knew how
three of the four competitors would
perform, but the fourth was a dark
horse.
a domino effect
(Am)
ïðèíöèï «äîìèíî» (öåïíàÿ ðåàêöèÿ) ˜ Young couples can’t afford
even the small houses, so the people
in those houses can’t move on to the
bigger houses. It’s the domino effect.
a dead duck
äîõëûé íîìåð ˜ I’m afraid the
African project is a dead duck –
we can’t afford it.
a deadhead
(sl)
çàíóäà ˜ You’ll never get John to
tell a joke – he’s a deadhead.
a doss house
íî÷ëåæêà ˜ The tramps spend
9
a double-crosser/dealer
before to ensure that all would go
smoothly on the day. ˜ Before
putting the new magazine into circulation, we did dummy runs of two
editions.
the night in a doss house run by
the Salvation Army.
a double-crosser/dealer
ïðåäàòåëü; äâóëè÷íûé ÷åëîâåê
˜ Following the arrest, the underground resistance began to suspect that one of their own members
had been a double-crosser.
a dump
äûðà; çàõîëóñòüå ˜ The town is
not worth a visit, it’s a dump.
a fair-haired boy
(Am)
ëþáèì÷èê (íà÷àëüñòâà) ˜ Okay,
okay. I won’t do anything to hurt your
fair-haired boy. And business is
business. We’ll work together as
we always have.
a doubting Thomas
Ôîìà íåâåðóþùèé ˜ And I didn’t
believe in those flying saucers till
I saw one with my own eyes. – You’re
a bit of a doubting Thomas, what?
a down and out/down-and-out
áåçäîìíûé; áîìæ; êëîøàð ˜
The banks of the Seine in Paris
used to be a favourite sleeping
spot for down-and-outs. ˜ I just
assumed he was a down and out,
begging on the street corner.
a fall guy
(Am)
êîçåë îòïóùåíèÿ ˜ When the
Savings and Loan Bank failed, due
to embezzlement, the vice-president had to be the fall guy, saving
the necks of the owners.
a far cry from
êàê íåáî è çåìëÿ (îòëè÷àòüñÿ);
äèàìåòðàëüíàÿ ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîñòü ˜ This job is a far cry from
the last one I had.
a dressing down
(Am)
ðàçíîñ; âûâîëî÷êà ˜ His boss
gave him a dressing down for being late so often.
a drifter
ïåðåêàòè-ïîëå ˜ Don’t think of
employing him, he’s an out-and-out
drifter and you’ll soon be looking
for someone else.
a fare-dodger/fare dodger
çàÿö (áåçáèëåòíûé ïàññàæèð)
˜ With the ticket prices rising
what can you do about fare
dodgers?
a drop in the bucket/ocean
êàïëÿ â ìîðå ˜ The work we can
do in this area is, of course, just a
drop in the bucket/ocean.
a fat cat
(Am sl)
äåíåæíûé ìåøîê ˜ Breitenfeld
is a fat cat who lives in Beverly
Hills.
a dry/dummy run
îáêàòêà; ïðîãîí (ïðîáíîå èñïûòàíèå) ˜ The organizers of the procession made a dry run the week
a fifth/third wheel
(Am)
ïÿòîå êîëåñî â òåëåãå; ïÿòàÿ
ñïèöà â êîëåñíèöå; ñáîêó ïðèïå10
a frosty reception
a fool through and through
êðóãëûé äóðàê; äóðàê íàáèòûé
˜ Emlyn is a fool, through and
through.
êà ˜ I don’t have a role in the office any more – I feel like a fifth
wheel.
a fish out of water
íå â ñâîåé òàðåëêå ˜ The middleaged woman felt like a fish out of
water at her daughter’s party.
a fool’s paradise
ïðèçðà÷íûé ìèð; ñ÷àñòëèâîå
íåâåäåíèå ˜ James is living in a
fool’s paradise if he thinks things
are always going to be this good.
a flash in the pan
îäíîäíåâêà (îá óñïåõå, íîâîñòè) ˜ Tom had hoped to be a singer,
but his career was only a flash in
the pan.
a frame of mind
ðàñïîëîæåíèå äóõà ˜ Whether
or not you enjoy the film may depend on your frame of mind.
a flip-flop
(Am)
î
ïîâîðîò íà 180 (ðåçêî èçìåíèòü
ìíåíèå, ðåøåíèå) ˜ Without a
warning, the government did a flipflop on taxation. ˜ We expected
Dad to do a flip-flop concerning our
vacation plans.
a free hand
êàðò-áëàíø (ñâîáîäà äåéñòâèé)
˜ He gave her a free hand with the
servants.
a freeloader/free-loader
õàëÿâùèê; èæäèâåíåö ˜ We
want no free loaders in this house,
so go out and earn your keep like
everyone else!
a flop house
íî÷ëåæêà ˜ The tramps spend
the night in a flop house run by the
Salvation Army.
a friend at court/in high places
(Am)
âûñîêèé ïîêðîâèòåëü; âëèÿòåëüíûé äðóã; ñâîÿ ðóêà ˜ Of
course she has a friend at court –
her husband is the sales manager
of the firm. ˜ He has plenty of
friends in high places willing to support his political career.
a fly-by-night company
øàðàøêèíà êîíòîðà (êîìïàíèÿîäíîäíåâêà) ˜ It turned out to be
a fly-by-night company and its
manager went away without paying
his debts.
a fly in the ointment
ëîæêà äåãòÿ â áî÷êå ìåäà ˜ I enjoy
my job – the fly in the ointment is
that I start early in the morning.
a frosty reception
ëåäÿíîé/õîëîäíûé ïðèåì ˜ So,
you’ve met Brian’s parents at last!
How did you get on? – Well, her
mother gave me a fairly frosty reception at first, but I think she
warmed to me.
a flying carpet
êîâåð-ñàìîëåò ˜ Mr Smith’s new
car drove so smoothly that it
seemed like a flying carpet.
11
a fruit cake
such a good Samaritan. He used
to go shopping for my gran when
she was ill.
a fruit cake
ïñèõ; øèçèê ˜ Many leading specialists were thought to be fruit cakes
when they revealed their inventions.
a good trencherman
õîðîøèé åäîê; åñòü çà äâîèõ; íå
ñòðàäàòü îòñóòñòâèåì àïïåòèòà ˜
Your wife is a good trencherman.
a fuddy-duddy
ñòàðîìîäíûé/ñòàðîðåæèìíûé
÷åëîâåê; «èñêîïàåìîå» ˜ My
parents are fuddy-duddies.
a goody-goody
ïàèíüêà ˜ Sandra’s a real goodygoody – always doing extra homework and arriving early to lessons.
a fudge
òóôòà; «ñòðÿïíÿ» ˜ The report of
the committee investigating the use
of torture by police was declared a
fudge by civil rights groups.
a grain of truth
êðóïèöà ïðàâäû ˜ There’s a
grain of truth in what he says but
it’s greatly exaggerated.
a funny farm
(humor)
äóðäîì (ñóìàñøåäøèé äîì) ˜
If things get much worse, they’ll be
carrying me off to the funny farm.
a grand
(inf)
øòóêà; òîííà; êîñÿê (òûñÿ÷à ôóíòîâ ñòåðëèíãîâ èëè äîëëàðîâ) ˜
That still leaves you with fifty grand.
a globe-trotter/globetrotter
ëÿãóøêà-ïóòåøåñòâåííèöà (áûâàëûé ïóòåøåñòâåííèê) ˜ He
used to be a globetrotter, but since
getting married he can’t afford to
travel so much.
a grass widow
(humor)
ñîëîìåííàÿ âäîâà ˜ I’m a grass
widow at the moment – my husband
is playing cricket in Australia.
a godsend
ïîäàðîê ñóäüáû ˜ The extra
twenty dollars a week was a
godsend.
a greasy spoon
(inf)
çàáåãàëîâêà; çàõóäàëûé ðåñòîðàí/êàôå ˜ There’s a greasy spoon
on the corner of this street where
he usually has breakfast.
a goggle box
(Am inf)
«ÿùèê»; òåëåê; òåëåâèê ˜ What’s
on a goggle box tonight?
a green-horn/greenhorn
æåëòîðîòûé ïòåíåö (íåîïûòíûé,
ìîëîäîé) ˜ Isobel was only sixteen and still a greenhorn when she
arrived in San Francisco.
a gold mine/gold-mine
çîëîòàÿ æèëà; çîëîòîå äíî ˜
That clothes shop is an absolute
gold-mine.
a groaning board
ñòîë ëîìèòñÿ îò ÿñò⠘ On
church holidays and other celebra-
a good Samaritan
(bibl)
äîáðûé ñàìàðèòÿíèí ˜ He’s
12
a home (away) from home
hard nut to crack. I can’t figure him
out.
tions the dining table in the Russian household was a real groaning board, loaded with all sorts of
dishes and delicacies.
a has-been
áûâøèé (÷åëîâåê, ïåðåæèâøèé ñâîþ ñëàâó) ˜ Gorbachev,
Thatcher, Reagan – they’re all hasbeens now.
a guardian angel
àíãåë-õðàíèòåëü ˜ You thought
you had a guardian angel. Well, you
did, only you were looking for him
in the wrong place.
a heart-to-heart talk
ðàçãîâîð ïî äóøàì ˜ Sheila’s
feeling very depressed at the moment. We had a heart-to-heart talk
about her problems yesterday.
a guinea pig
ïîäîïûòíûé êðîëèê ˜ We’d like
to use you as a guinea pig to test
some of our theories.
a heavy mob
ãîëîâîðåçû; êðóòûå ðåáÿòà ˜ The
owner of the tenement block hired
a heavy mob to evict the remaining
tenants.
a half-baked scheme
(inf)
ñûðàÿ/íåçðåëàÿ èäåÿ, ïëàí ˜ It
was just another half-baked
scheme of his – it was never going
to work.
a hen party/night
äåâè÷íèê ˜ The restaurant doesn’t
allow men in on hen parties.
a handful
íàêàçàíèå; ñóùàÿ áåäà (î ðåáåíêå); «ïîäàðî÷åê» ˜ This child
can be a handful too.
a high-flyer/flier
âûñîêî ìåòèòü (î ÷åñòîëþáèâîì
÷åëîâåêå); ïòèöà âûñîêîãî ïîëåòà
˜ Their new managing director is a
high-flier. ˜ A high-flier in the 80s,
he was earning over $200,000 a
year.
a handout
ïîäà÷êà; ìèëîñòûíÿ ˜ We said
that we wouldn’t be relying on handouts from anyone for our future.
a happy accident
ïðèÿòíàÿ íåîæèäàííîñòü ˜ We
never planned to have a third child –
it was a happy accident.
a high-roller
(Am)
òðàíæèðà; êóòåæíèê; àçàðòíûé
èãðîê ˜ He became known as a
high-roller, and was invited to the
biggest gambling tables in town.
a happy medium
çîëîòàÿ ñåðåäèíà ˜ You can surely
find some happy medium between
starving yourself and overeating.
a home (away) from home
âòîðîé äîì ˜ You always stay in
the same place when you go on
holiday, don’t you? – Yes. The same
hotel in Venice every year. It’s a real
a hard nut to crack
êðåïêèé îðåøåê ˜ Tom sure is a
13
a home truth
a hue and cry
øóì-ãàì (áóðíûé ïðîòåñò) ˜
Local people raised a terrible hue
and cry about the plan to close the
village school.
home from home for us. ˜ I visit
Australia so often, it’s become a
home away from home for me.
a home truth
ãîðüêàÿ ïðàâäà/èñòèíà (íåïðèÿòíûé ôàêò) ˜ It’s time someone told that boy a few home truths
about his behaviour.
a jalopy
(humor)
êîëûìàãà; äðàíäóëåò (îá àâòîìîáèëå) ˜ Do you think this old
jalopy will keep going for the entire
journey?
a horse of another/different
colour
äðóãîé êîëåíêîð; ñîâñåì äðóãîå
äåëî ˜ You said you didn’t like
going to the movies, but if you don’t
want to go because you’re broke,
that’s a horse of another colour.
a jinx
(inf)
äóðíîé ãëàç; ñãëàç ˜ There
seems to be a jinx on our team,
because we can’t seem to win.
a Job’s comforter
ãîðå-óòåøèòåëü ˜ She’s a real
Job’s comforter. She keeps telling
me I’m going to die soon anyway
so I shouldn’t worry about anything.
a hot potato
(inf)
çàêîâûêà (ùåêîòëèâûé âîïðîñ);
ñêîëüçêàÿ òåìà ˜ Many school
boards found segregation a hot
potato in the 1960s. ˜ The abortion issue is a political hot potato
in the United States.
a judgement of Solomon (bibl)
ñîëîìîíîâî ðåøåíèå ˜ A French
judge divided custody of the child
between the two parents. This judgement of Solomon was greeted by
most French lawyers with incredulity.
a hotchpotch/hodge-podge
(Am inf)
êàøà; ïóòàíèöà; ñìåñü; ìåøàíèíà ˜ What do you think of my
latest report? – To be honest it’s
a hotchpotch of ideas and
opinions.
a kickback
(Am inf)
«îòêàò» (âçÿòêà çà âûãîäíûé êîíòðàêò) ˜ Former Kremlin property
manager Pavel Borodin stayed
silent during questioning by Swiss
authorities Monday over his alleged
involvement in the laundering of
some $30 million in kickbacks, his
lawyer said.
a household word
ó âñåõ íà óñòàõ; ïðèò÷à âî ÿçûöåõ ˜ Surely you’ve heard of Henry
Wogan and his talk show! His
name’s a household word with British
television viewers.
a kill-joy
êàéôîëîìùèê ˜ It can’t be time
to go home yet. Don’t be a kill-joy
and leave now.
a hubby
(inf)
ìóæåíåê ˜ What does hubby
think of the idea?
14
a lost cause
said he had never seen anything
quite like my paintings – a bit of a
left-handed compliment, I thought.
a kissing cousin
(old-fash)
ñåäüìàÿ âîäà íà êèñåëå (äàëüíèé ðîäñòâåííèê) ˜ I didn’t realize
she knew Tony, but in fact, they’re
kissing cousins.
a leg man
(inf)
ìàëü÷èê íà ïîáåãóøêàõ ˜ Joe
hired a leg man for the office.
a knock-down price
áðîñîâàÿ öåíà ˜ Now that the
spring has arrived, you can buy
electric radiators at knock-down
prices.
a live wire
æèâ÷èê; íåïîñåäà ˜ He is very
quiet but his sister is a real live wire.
a knock-on effect
ïðèíöèï «äîìèíî» (öåïíàÿ ðåàêöèÿ) ˜ We need to find a solution
that doesn’t have so many knockon effects.
a load off one’s mind
ñíÿòü êàìåíü ñ äóøè; ãîðà ñ
ïëå÷ ñâàëèëàñü ˜ If you could do
the accounts it would be a load off
my mind, because I’m no good at
figures. ˜ Good news about the
baby took a load off my mind.
a knock-out/knockout
ïîëíûé îòïàä ˜ Our new caravan is a knockout. ˜ That singer
is a knockout.
a loaded question
ïðîâîêàöèîííûé âîïðîñ ˜ The
police kept asking him loaded
questions.
a know-all
a know-it-all
(Am)
âñåçíàéêà ˜ No one likes him
because he’s such a know-all.
a loony-bin/loony bin
(inf)
ïñèõóøêà ˜ The gunman was
declared insane by the court and
sent to a high-security loony bin.
a ladies’ man
äàìñêèé óãîäíèê ˜ He was not
much of a ladies’ man, and preferred to be with his male friends.
a loose cannon
(fig)
ìèíà çàìåäëåííîãî äåéñòâèÿ
˜ He’s seen as a loose cannon by
other team members. If anyone’s
going to get into a fight, it’ll be
Pete. ˜ We knew the army was out
there, a sort of loose cannon in this
region.
a lady-killer
ñåðäöååä ˜ He thinks he’s a
lady-killer but most women find him
boring.
a laughing-stock
ïîñìåøèùå ˜ If I wear that hat, I’ll
be the laughing-stock of the village.
a lost cause
ãèáëîå äåëî ˜ Trying to book an
airline seat to Florida from Chicago
just before Christmas is usually a
lost cause.
a left-handed compliment
ñîìíèòåëüíûé êîìïëèìåíò ˜ Phil
15
a low blow
come quite a man-about-town
since he inherited his uncle’s
fortune.
a low blow
óäàð íèæå ïîÿñà ˜ When my
roommate moved out without a
word of warning, leaving me to pay
the entire rent, that was a low
blow.
a man-eater
(inf)
âàìï; ðîêîâàÿ æåíùèíà ˜ She
had a reputation as a man-eater.
a lukewarm reception
ïðîõëàäíûé ïðèåì ˜ His speech
got a very lukewarm reception.
a mark-up
íàêðóòêà (òîðãîâàÿ íàöåíêà) ˜
The cost is increased by the sales
mark-up.
a lump in one’s throat
êîìîê â ãîðëå ˜ John’s mother
had a lump in her throat at his college graduation.
a memory like a sieve
äûðÿâàÿ/äåâè÷üÿ ïàìÿòü; ïàìÿòü êàê ðåøåòî ˜ I’m so sorry.
I’ve forgotten to bring you my
dictionary again. I’ve got a memory
like a sieve these days!
a magic carpet
êîâåð-ñàìîëåò ˜ Mr Smith’s new
car drove so smoothly it seemed
like a magic carpet.
a millstone about/(a)round
smb’s neck
êàìåíü/õîìóò íà øåå ˜ This
huge and expensive house is a millstone about my neck. ˜ I’d rather
not be in debt – I don’t want that
millstone around my neck.
a magic touch
êîëäîâñêàÿ/âîëøåáíàÿ ñèëà;
äàðîâàíèå (ñòèëü, ìàñòåðñòâî) ˜
The film’s great success will no
doubt please the 46-year director
who was rumoured to have lost his
magic touch.
a mine of information
êëàäåçü çíàíèé ˜ He’s a mine of
information about insects.
a magic wand
âîëøåáíàÿ ïàëî÷êà ˜ Artiside
has warned that he has no magic
wand to provide food and work
overnight.
a mitt
(inf)
ëàïà (ðóêà) ˜ Keep your mitts off
my property!
a man Friday
ìàëü÷èê íà ïîáåãóøêàõ ˜ He is
employed as a man Friday in a
small boat-hire firm to keep the
books, answer the telephone and
do minor repairs to the boats.
a Monday morning quarterback
(Am)
çàäíèì óìîì êðåïîê ˜ Ethel
was a Monday-morning quarterback about all the personnel
changes in her department – she
always claimed to have known what
was going to happen.
a man-about-town
ñâåòñêèé ÷åëîâåê ˜ He has be16
a nut-house/nut house
employed, he had to break into his
nest-egg to keep up his family’s
standard of living.
a money-grabber
ñêîïèäîì; æìîò; æàäèíà ˜ Uncle
James is a real money-grabber, for
he didn’t want to cover his only
daughter’s travelling expenses.
a new lease of/on life
âòîðàÿ ìîëîäîñòü/æèçíü ˜ Dyeing my suede coat has given it a
new lease of life.
a month of Sundays
öåëàÿ âå÷íîñòü ˜ Torrential rain
and jet-black skies can make each
day seem like a month of Sundays.
˜ I haven’t seen Barbara in a month
of Sundays.
a night bird
ãóëÿêà ˜ Steve was a well-known
reveller in the city’s late night bars,
clubs and casinos and was regarded as a real night-bird.
a museum piece
ìóçåéíàÿ ðåäêîñòü; ðåäêèé ýêñïîíàò ˜ When Clave and Craig
moved into their new flat they soon
realised that the crockery was so
old that it looked like museum
pieces.
a nine-to-five job
ðàáîòàòü îò çâîíêà äî çâîíêà
˜ I wouldn’t want a nine-to-five
job. I like the freedom I have as
my own boss.
a namby-pamby
ìàìåíüêèí ñûíîê; êèñåéíàÿ áàðûøíÿ; «íåæåíêà» ˜ Most people
think the army is no place for
namby-pambies.
a nine days’ wonder
îäíîäíåâêà (îá óñïåõå, íîâîñòè) ˜ This film star is a nine days’
wonder.
a no-go area/district
çàêðûòàÿ çîíà ˜ There is going to
be no area in London which is no-go.
a narrow escape
íà âîëîñîê (îò íåñ÷àñòüÿ); ÷óäîì ñïàñòèñü/èçáåæàòü ÷-ë ˜
That was a narrow escape! I’ve
been trying to avoid my neighbour
all day, and I almost bumped into
him in the lift.
a number
(inf)
«ñëàäêàÿ ïàðî÷êà» ˜ Maybe
Marilyn will be a dish and you and
she will be a number when I get back.
a near miss
íà âîëîñîê (îò íåñ÷àñòüÿ); ÷óäîì
ñïàñòèñü/èçáåæàòü ÷-ë ˜ I managed
to brake just in time but it was a near
miss.
a nut-case/nutcase
ïñèõ, øèçèê ˜ Many leading specialists were thought to be nut-cases
when they revealed their inventions.
a nut-house/nut house
ïñèõóøêà ˜ The gunman was
declared insane by the court and
sent to a high-security nut house.
a nest-egg/nest egg
(Am)
çàíà÷êà; ñáåðåæåíèÿ íà ÷åðíûé
äåíü ˜ When Jules became un17
a nosey Parker/nosey parker
a paper-pusher
(Am inf)
êàíöåëÿðñêàÿ êðûñà ˜ I don’t
want to talk to some paper-pusher,
I want to talk to the boss.
a nosey Parker/nosey parker
ëþáîïûòíàÿ Âàðâàðà; ëåçòü â
äóøó; ñîâàòü íîñ â ÷óæèå äåëà
˜ I don’t see why I should tell her
all my plans – she’s just an old
nosey parker.
a parting shot
ïîä çàíàâåñ (ÿçâèòåëüíàÿ ôðàçà
íà ïðîùàíèå) ˜ His parting shot
was, “I’m going to spend the evening
with people who appreciate my
company.”
a one-armed bandit
«îäíîðóêèé áàíäèò» (èãîðíûé
àâòîìàò) ˜ How much have you lost
on the one-armed bandits?
a party-pooper
êàéôîëîìùèê ˜ It can’t be time
to go home yet. Don’t be a partypooper and leave now.
a one-man show
òåàòð îäíîãî àêòåðà ˜ Anything
Paul is involved in tends to become
a one-man show, much to everyone
else’s annoyance.
a paw
(inf)
ëàïà (ðóêà) ˜ Keep your paws off
my property!
a pack of lies
ñïëîøíàÿ ëîæü; ñïëîøíîå âðàíüå ˜ Don’t believe a word of it!
The story’s a pack of lies!
a peg
(inf)
êîñòûëü (íîãà) ˜ The footballer
injured his left peg in training.
a pack rat
(Am)
ïëþøêèí (ñòàðüåâùèê) ˜ For me
there could be nothing worse than
living with a pack rat. ˜ Why are
there so many things in this room? –
It’s my brother’s room, and he is a
pack rat; he is unable to throw stuff
away.
a pencil-pusher
(Am inf)
êàíöåëÿðñêàÿ êðûñà ˜ Look
here, you pencil pusher, I want to
talk to your boss.
a person Friday
ìàëü÷èê íà ïîáåãóøêàõ ˜ The
ad said, “Person Friday required for
general office duties.”
a pain in the neck
(inf)
çàíóäà; ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü ˜ My little
sister won’t leave me alone. She’s
a real pain in the neck. ˜ I’m on
24-hour call and find the night callouts a pain in the neck.
a pick-me-up
âñòðÿñêà (áîäðÿùèé íàïèòîê) ˜
I needed a pick-me-up so I stopped
at a bar on my way home.
a paper chase
(Am)
áóìàæíàÿ âîëîêèòà ˜ To receive
even the smallest amount of financial aid from a college is a real paper
chase.
a pie in the sky
æóðàâëü â íåáå ˜ He says he
will get a well-paid job but I think
it’s just a pie in the sky.
18
a question mark
her children’s performances, she
managed to keep a poker face.
a piece of cake
ïàðà ïóñòÿêîâ; ïëåâîå äåëî; ðàç
ïëþíóòü ˜ Winning the race was
a piece of cake.
a powder keg
ïîðîõîâàÿ áî÷êà (âçðûâîîïàñíàÿ ñèòóàöèÿ) ˜ We left just before the revolution, realizing that we
were sitting on a powder keg.
a pig in a poke
êîò â ìåøêå ˜ The new car we
bought was a pig in a poke because we were unable to get a
mechanic to check it before we
paid for it.
a problem child/kid
(inf)
òðóäíûé ðåáåíîê ˜ She is a
problem kid.
a pin-drop silence
ìåðòâàÿ/ãðîáîâàÿ òèøèíà ˜ During
the memorial service the congregation observed a pin-drop silence
which lasted the traditional two minutes.
a prophet is without honour (in
his own country)
(bibl)
íåò ïðîðîêà â ñâîåì îòå÷åñòâå
˜ Also on the programme are “If”,
who seem to be in the position of
prophets without honour. Highly regarded in America, their musicianship has yet to cut a lot of ice in
this country.
a pinky
ìèçèí÷èê ˜ Wayne was keen on
home repairs, but being clumsy, he
often hit his pinky with the hammer.
a push-over
(Am sl)
ïëåâîå äåëî; ðàç ïëþíóòü; ïàðà
ïóñòÿêî⠘ The thieves thought
the robbery would be a push-over.
a pipe dream
ãîëóáàÿ ìå÷òà (íåñáûòî÷íàÿ
íàäåæäà) ˜ Mr Peter Rees has a
pipe dream that one day the British
Royal family will be emperors of
Europe.
a put-up job
ïîäñòàâà ˜ Don’t you see? It was
a put-up job to discredit me. I know
nothing about the stolen money.
a pipsqueak
êîçÿâêà; áóêàøêà; ìåëî÷ü ïóçàòàÿ ˜ I won’t have any pipsqueaks
telling me what to do!
a Pyrrhic victory
ïèððîâà ïîáåäà ˜ So it looks as
if the politicians have won. My only
point is that it has been a Pyrrhic
victory. ˜ Winning the case may
well prove to be a Pyrrhic victory
as the award will not even cover
their legal fees.
a piss artist
(inf)
øàðëàòàí ˜ Those so-called
multi-media consultants were just
a bunch of piss artists.
a poker face
êàìåííîå/íåïðîíèöàåìîå ëèöî
˜ Whenever Betty attended one of
a question mark
ïîä áîëüøèì âîïðîñîì ˜ A ques19
a rat fink
tion mark hangs over the future of
the whole project.
much the garage charged Ben for
his car repairs? It was a rip-off!
a rat fink
(Am inf)
ñòóêà÷ ˜ If I find the rat fink who
informed on me, he won’t live long
enough to do it again.
a road hog
ëèõà÷ (îïàñíûé âîäèòåëü) ˜ I’m
surprised he hasn’t crashed his car –
he’s a thorough road hog.
a rat race
êðûñèíûå áåãà; ñóìàñøåäøàÿ
ãîíêà ˜ I’m looking forward to
retirement. At last I’ll be out of the
rat race.
a rough house/roughhouse
(Am inf)
ïîòàñîâêà; ñêàíäàë; ñâàëêà ˜
I’m sure a referee is within his right
to stop a game if he sees it degenerating into a roughhouse.
a ready wit/tongue
çà ñëîâîì â êàðìàí íå ëåçòü;
îñòðûé íà ÿçûê ˜ I’ve always envied people with a ready wit who always know just what to say and
when.
a rubber stamp
ïåøêà (íåçíà÷èòåëüíàÿ ôèãóðà)
˜ The employer used his secretary
as a rubber stamp and never
listened to any of her own suggestions. ˜ The committee is just
a rubber stamp for the president’s
policies.
a (real) bargain
äåøåâêà; äàðîì; äåøåâî è
ñåðäèòî (óäà÷íàÿ ïîêóïêà) ˜ What
did you pay for this picture? – It was
a real bargain! ˜ He couldn’t resist
a bargain.
a rubberneck
(sl)
çåâàêà ˜ In London in summer
you can’t go anywhere without bumping into a crowd of rubbernecks.
a red herring
îòâëåêàþùèé ìàíåâð ˜ This is
a total political red herring and an
attempt to divert from the main issues in the campaign. ˜ Talking
about the new plant is a red herring
to keep us from learning about
downsizing plans.
a rule of thumb
íåïèñàíîå ïðàâèëî; íà ãëàçîê;
ìåòîä «òûêà» (ïðèáëèçèòåëüíûé
ðàñ÷åò) ˜ As a rule of thumb, the
bigger the company, the easier it
is to buy and sell. ˜ A good rule of
thumb is to cook two handfuls of
rice per person. ˜ I usually work
by rule of thumb.
a red-letter day
ïàìÿòíûé äåíü ˜ The day I won
a prize on the football pools was a
real red-letter day.
a safe pair of hands
íàäåæíûå ðóêè ˜ He’s what
this troubled club needs, a good,
solid manager, a safe pair of
hands.
a rip-off
(sl)
îáäèðàëîâêà ˜ Did you hear how
20
a silver-tongued orator
a short cut
êðàò÷àéøèé ïóòü; íàïðÿìèê ˜
I know a short cut to the station,
which takes 10 minutes less than
the usual route.
a scapegoat
êîçåë îòïóùåíèÿ ˜ The company director claimed that with his
dismissal he had been made a
scapegoat for the financial mismanagement of other members of
the board.
a short memory
äåâè÷üÿ ïàìÿòü ˜ Sometimes
she doesn’t remember handing in
her work because she has such a
short memory.
a sea dog
ìîðñêîé âîëê ˜ I’m no sea dog,
I always feel ill on boats.
a shot in the dark
íàîáóì; íàóãàä ˜ The detective
admitted that his decision to check
the factory had just been a shot in
the dark.
a send-up
ïàðîäèÿ; ïàñêâèëü ˜ The play is
a send-up of the 18th-century
monarchy.
a second wind
(fig)
âòîðîå äûõàíèå ˜ I’ve been
awake for twenty hours, but I’m
beginning to get my second wind,
so I don’t feel tired.
a shotgun marriage/wedding
áðàê âäîãîíêó (âûíóæäåííûé
áðàê) ˜ I think theirs was a shotgun wedding – the bride was certainly pregnant at the time.
a shady character
òåìíàÿ ëè÷íîñòü ˜ He’s certainly
a shady character; don’t have anything to do with him.
a shoulder to cry on
òîò, êîìó ìîæíî ïîïëàêàòüñÿ â
æèëåòêó ˜ My father had just died
and I needed a shoulder to cry on. ˜
For a lot of new mums the health visitor becomes a real friend, full of sound
advice and the perfect shoulder to
cry on when it all gets too much.
a shaggy dog story
òÿãîìîòèíà (çàòÿíóòûé àíåêäîò,
øóòêà ñ ãëóïûì êîíöîì) ˜My
grandad insists on telling these
shaggy dog stories which nobody
finds funny except him.
a shrinking violet
ñâÿòàÿ íåâèííîñòü ˜ I wouldn’t
exactly describe him as a shrinking violet.
a shiner
(Am)
ôèíãàë/ôîíàðü ïîä ãëàçîì
(ñèíÿê) ˜ Someone had obviously
given him a couple of shiners.
a shut-out/shutout
(Am)
èãðà ñ «ñóõèì» ñ÷åòîì ˜ It was
another shutout.
a shoot-out
(Am inf)
ðàçáîðêà; ïåðåïàëêà; ïåðåñòðåëêà ˜ He was wounded during a
shoot-out with the police.
a silver-tongued orator
(lit)
çëàòîóñò ˜ He was a silver21
a sitting duck
tion says that the government’s review is a smokescreen to hide the
need for extra funding.
tongued orator who convinced many
people to support him.
a sitting duck
óäîáíàÿ ìèøåíü (äëÿ êðèòèêè)
˜ He wants to criticize someone,
and I’m afraid his secretary is a sitting duck.
a smooth operator
«âåëèêèé êîìáèíàòîð» (îáàÿòåëüíûé ìîøåííèê) ˜ Don’t agree
to let Joe look after your finances.
He’s a smooth operator and you
may not realize what his real intentions are until it’s too late.
a sixth sense
øåñòîå ÷óâñòâî (èíòóèöèÿ) ˜ He
couldn’t hear or see anyone, but a
sixth sense told him that he was
being followed.
a snake in the grass
çìåÿ ïîäêîëîäíàÿ ˜ Beware of
him – he’s a real snake in the grass.
a skinflint
ñêóïåðäÿé; ñêðÿãà; æàäèíà;
æìîò ˜ Charles Dickens’ famous
character Ebeneezer Scrooge is
often seen as the original skinflint.
a snare and a delusion
çàïàäíÿ; ëîâóøêà ˜ The rocks
were placed like a series of steps.
This was a snare and a delusion,
for each rock had been so cunningly
placed that it was quite impossible
to step from it to the next one.
a slap-up meal
ïèð ãîðîé ˜ The retiring chairman
was given a slap-up meal on his last
day at the firm.
a sob story
äóøåùèïàòåëüíàÿ èñòîðèÿ ˜
Most rich people receive letters telling sob stories and asking for money.
a slow-coach/slowcoach (inf)
òîðìîç; òóïèöà; êîïóøà ˜ Don’t
give Helen these letters to type –
she’s a slowcoach.
a sofa spud
(Am sl)
òåëåìàí; ôàíàò «ÿùèêà» (ñìîòðåòü òåëåâèçîð, æóÿ è ëåæà íà
äèâàíå) ˜ He’s getting to be a real
sofa spud.
a smarty pants
(inf)
ïèæîí; óìíèê ˜ Cindy, the little
smarty pants, will be the first to tell
us we went wrong.
a soft spot
ñëàáîñòü; ñëàáèíêà ˜ I’m not
surprised he married Maria. He’s
always had a soft spot for Italians.
a smash(ing) hit
îãëóøèòåëüíûé óñïåõ; ïðîéòè íà
óðà (î ñïåêòàêëå) ˜ This play was a
smash hit in New York. ˜ She was a
smash hit in the role of the governess.
a soft touch
áåçîòêàçíûé, óñòóï÷èâûé ˜ The
child is spoilt; he knows his mother
is a soft touch.
a smoke screen/smokescreen
äûìîâàÿ çàâåñà ˜ The Associa22
a stick-in-the-mud
part-time job teaching, but he’s a
square peg. He can’t handle the children and obviously can’t adapt to
school life. ˜ I never did understand
what Paddy was doing in accounts –
he was a square peg in a round hole.
a sore point/spot
áîëüíîå ìåñòî; áîëüíîé âîïðîñ
˜ Gambling has been a sore point
with him since he lost a fortune
betting on horses.
a soul mate
ðîäñòâåííàÿ äóøà/íàòóðà ˜ He
was a fellow spirit, a soul mate.
a squirt
íè÷òîæåñòâî ˜ I won’t have that
little squirt working here.
a specimen
(inf)
òèï÷èê; ôðóêò; ÷óäàê ˜ You’re a
useless specimen – you can’t even
wash up without breaking something.
a stab in the back
íîæ/óäàð â ñïèíó ˜ To have your
brother tell the press about your
private life! That must feel like a
real stab in the back.
a spoil-sport
êàéôîëîìùèê ˜ It can’t be time
to go home yet. Don’t be a spoilsport and leave now.
a stag party/night
ìàëü÷èøíèê ˜ On Keith’s stag
night, his friends left him tied to a
lamp-post in Trafalgar Square wearing only his underpants.
a spoof
ïàðîäèÿ; ïàñêâèëü ˜ The play is
a spoof of the 18th-century monarchy.
a stalking horse
øèðìà; ïîâîä; ïðåäëîã; ïðèêðûòèå ˜ The assassination of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand in
Sarajevo in August 1914 was the
stalking horse which triggered the
First World War.
a spread
ïèð ãîðîé ˜ The retiring chairman
was given a spread on his last day
at the firm.
a standing joke
äåæóðíàÿ øóòêà ˜ Mary’s “Denis
who?” when her husband is mentioned is a standing joke around her.
a square
(sl)
«èñêîïàåìîå»; îòñòàëûé ÷åëîâåê
˜ Penny didn’t like teenage parties,
discos or pop music and was
regarded even by her friends as a
‘square’.
a steal
äåøåâêà; äàðîì ˜ This car
wasn’t exactly a steal at the price.
a square peg (in a round hole)
íå ïðèøåé, íå ïðèñòåãíè; íå
ïðèøåé êîáûëå õâîñò (î ÷åëîâåêå
íå íà ñâîåì ìåñòå) ˜ Bernard used
to be a research scientist before his
institute had to close down. He got a
a stick-in-the-mud
êîñíûé/îòñòàëûé ÷åëîâåê; ïåðåñòðàõîâùèê, êîíñåðâàòîð ˜ She’s
a stick-in-the-mud who won’t learn
23
a stickler for detail
a stumbling block
êàìåíü ïðåòêíîâåíèÿ (ñïîðíûé/
òðóäíûé âîïðîñ) ˜ The scheme
would be excellent, but its cost is
the main stumbling block.
word-processing. ˜ Mr Thomas is
a stick-in-the-mud who plows with
mules; he won’t buy a tractor.
a stickler for detail
äîòîøíûé ÷åëîâåê; ïåäàíò;
áóêâîåä ˜ Miss Clark, the new
administrator, soon became known
as a real stickler for detail.
a sugar-daddy
(facet sl)
ñïîíñîð; áîãàòûé ïîêðîâèòåëü
(îáû÷íî ïîæèëîé) ˜ Betty Morgan
got a mink coat from her sugar-daddy.
a stone’s throw
ðóêîé ïîäàòü; â äâóõ øàãàõ ˜
The beach is only a stone’s throw
from the hotel. ˜ They live only a
stone’s throw away from here.
a sweeping statement
ãîëîñëîâíîå óòâåðæäåíèå ˜
Aren’t you making a rather sweeping statement when you claim that
private doctors use the same
methods as calculating businessmen?
a stooge
ìàðèîíåòêà ˜ At the conference,
it was claimed that the presidents
of several countries in Central
America were stooges of the USA.
a sweet tooth
ñëàäêîåæêà ˜ My friend has a
sweet tooth, so I always give her
chocolates.
a stool pigeon/stool-pigeon
(Am fig)
ïîäñàäíàÿ óòêà ˜ The police
received information about the
planned robbery from a stoolpigeon.
a swiz(z)/swizzle
îáëîì (áîëüøîå ðàçî÷àðîâàíèå); îáìàí; ìîøåííè÷åñòâî ˜
What a swiz! They’ve cancelled
the concert I was going to tonight.
˜ Unfortunately, some charity collectors are really operating a
swizzle.
a storm in a teacup
áóðÿ â ñòàêàíå âîäû ˜ We
thought that they had decided not
to get married but their quarrel was
just a storm in a teacup.
a sword of Damocles
(lit)
äàìîêëîâ ìå÷ ˜ The newspaper
reported that the army was very discontent and that this was a sword
of Damocles hanging over the
government.
a stuffed shirt
ñïåñèâûé/÷îïîðíûé/ñàìîäîâîëüíûé ÷åëîâåê ˜ I knew he was
a banker and expensively educated
so I was expecting him to be a
stuffed shirt. ˜ He thinks that just
because he’s rich he’s cleverer
than everyone else. He’s nothing
but a stuffed shirt.
a tell-tale
ÿáåäà ˜ Bullying often goes unreported because children don’t
want to be seen as tell-tales.
24
a Trojan horse
êàìè) ˜ Kate spent a lot of her time
playing football and climbing trees
and was seen by her classmates
as a real tomboy.
a tempest in a teacup/teapot
(Am)
áóðÿ â ñòàêàíå âîäû ˜ This isn’t
a serious problem – just a tempest
in a teapot.
a top banana/dog
(inf)
âàæíàÿ ïòèöà; áîëüøàÿ øèøêà ˜
His plan was to be top banana within
ten years. ˜ Now that she’s top dog
you can’t get hold of her at all.
a thieves’ kitchen
«ìàëèíà» (âîðîâñêîé ïðèòîí) ˜
He told me the story in a cafe` in
the Socco Chico, which is the
thieves’ kitchen of Tangier.
a tough customer
òÿæåëûé ÷åëîâåê ˜ If Mr Jack
Evans phones, give me the call.
He’s a tough customer and I’d like
to deal with him personally.
a think-tank
ìîçãîâîé òðåñò/öåíòð ˜ The
pamphlet was published by the
Adam Smith Institute, a right-wing
think-tank.
a tough nut to crack
êðåïêèé îðåøåê ˜ It won’t be
easy getting her approval. She’s a
tough nut to crack.
a thorn in smb’s flesh/side
êîñòü â ãîðëå; áåëüìî íà ãëàçó
(èñòî÷íèê íåïðèÿòíîñòåé, ðàçäðàæåíèÿ) ˜ A relentless campaigner,
he was a thorn in the government’s
side for years. ˜ His sister is a thorn
in his flesh.
a tower of strength
îïîðà; íàäåæíûé, êàê ñêàëà/êàìåííàÿ ñòåíà ˜ He was a tower of
strength to me when my father died.
a tidy sum
êðóãëåíüêàÿ ñóììà ˜ Have you
seen what they’ve done to their
house? That must have cost them
a tidy sum.
a track record
ïîñëóæíîé ñïèñîê ˜ We like to
recruit managers with a strong track
record.
a tin ear
(inf)
ìåäâåäü íà óõî íàñòóïèë ˜ Even
to someone with a tin ear like mine,
their singing sounded pretty awful.
a train of thought
õîä ìûñëåé ˜ You interrupted my
train of thought – now I can’t remember what I was going to say.
a tippler
(inf)
àëêàø ˜ He used to be a tippler
for years during the war.
a trap
(sl)
ãëîòêà; ïàñòü ˜ Shut your trap!
a Trojan horse
òðîÿíñêèé êîíü ˜ In very gradual,
complex ways, Britain may prove to
be, not the Trojan horse of Ameri-
a tomboy
ñîðâèãîëîâà; äåâ÷îíêà-ñîðâàíåö (ñ ìàëü÷èøåñêèìè óõâàò25
a tuck-in
a walking disaster
òðèäöàòü òðè íåñ÷àñòüÿ ˜ He’s
an unlucky fellow: every day something happens to him, so they call
him Walking Disaster.
can influence, but, on the contrary,
a counterpoise to the American tide.
a tuck-in
(inf)
ïèðóøêà; êóòåæ ˜ We had a
tuck-in over Christmas.
a wandering Jew
(bibl)
âå÷íûé æèä ˜ Ronnie met her
when he came to work in Norwich. –
Another wandering Jew. Another one
who can’t settle himself.
a twister
ïðîõîäèìåö ˜ He’s a bit of a
twister – I’d have nothing to do with
him if I were you!
a waste of space
(inf)
ïóñòîå ìåñòî ˜ Her husband’s a
complete waste of space.
a video nasty
óæàñòèêè (ïî âèäåî) ˜ It’s not so
easy to stop children watching
video nasties at any time of the day.
a wet
(inf)
õëþïèê; òðÿïêà; ðàçìàçíÿ ˜ You
can’t expect David to do anything
about the problem. He’s far too wet.
He avoids all sorts of decisions. ˜
Don’t be such a wet!
a vicious circle
ïîðî÷íûé êðó㠘 He works hard,
gets tired, gets behind with his
work, and has to work harder still –
it’s a vicious circle.
a wet blanket
íûòèê, çàíóäà, êàéôîëîìùèê
(íà âå÷åðèíêå) ˜ Don’t ask him to
the party – he’s such a wet blanket!
a voice crying in the wilderness
(bibl)
ãëàñ âîïèþùåãî â ïóñòûíå ˜ He
was a man who had some excellent
ideas, but other men had greater
influence in the company and he was
just a voice crying in the wilderness.
a wheeler-dealer
âîðîòèëà; ëîâêà÷; äåëåö ˜ He
worked in the property business for
a number of years, acquiring a reputation as a formidable wheeler-dealer.
a walk of life
(form)
ñëîé îáùåñòâà ˜ People from all
walks of life went to the minister’s
funeral.
a whippersnapper/whippersnapper
ìîëîêîñîñ ˜ I’m fed up with being told what to do by young whippersnappers barely out of school.
a walking dictionary/encyclopedia
õîäÿ÷èé ñëîâàðü; õîäÿ÷àÿ ýíöèêëîïåäèÿ ˜ He’s a walking
dictionary. And by the way he’s a
great reader of your books. ˜ Ask
Rob – he’s a walking encyclopedia
of military history.
a whip-round
(inf)
ñêëàä÷èíà (î ñáîðå äåíåã) ˜ We
had a whip-round for Annie’s leaving present.
26
add fuel to the fire
I found a note saying ‘Parking
Fine’.
a whipping boy
(Am)
êîçåë îòïóùåíèÿ; ìàëü÷èê äëÿ
áèòüÿ ˜ “I used to be the whipping
boy during my early days at the
company,” he musingly remembered.
a wise guy
(Am inf derog)
óìíèê ˜ Bill is a wise guy and
displeases others by what he says.
a whistle-stop tour
ãàëîïîì ïî Åâðîïàì ˜ Coach
loads of tourists come for whistlestop tours of the main European
cities.
a witch-hunt
îõîòà íà âåäüì ˜ Senator McCarthy led a witch-hunt against suspected communists during the 1950s.
a white lie
ëîæü âî ñïàñåíèå; íåâèííàÿ
ëîæü ˜ When I said her novel was
good, it was a white lie.
a wolf in sheep’s clothing
âîëê â îâå÷üåé øêóðå ˜ John
Major’s grey image may disguise a
wolf in sheep’s clothing.
a whole new ball game
ñîâñåì äðóãîå äåëî ˜ We’d
done a lot of climbing in Scotland,
but the Himalayas were a whole
new ball game.
a workaholic
òðóäîãîëèê ˜ Working very hard
and without restraint will make you
a workaholic.
above one’s head
(adv)
âûøå ÷-ë ïîíèìàíèÿ ˜ When my
brother and father start talking
about politics I just don’t listen. All
that sort of thing is above my head.
a willing/work horse
ðàáî÷àÿ ëîøàäêà ˜ Poor Helen
is a willing horse and seems to do
three-quarters of the work of the
whole committee.
accidentally on purpose
ñëó÷àéíî-ñïåöèàëüíî ˜ The boy
told his father that he had dropped
the radio when he fell on the stairs,
but he later admitted to his mother
that he had broken it accidentally
on purpose because he wanted a
new one.
a wimp
òðÿïêà; ñëàáàê ˜ Quit being such
a wimp, for Chrissake! Don’t let her
walk all over you!
a windfall
ïðèâàëèòü (î äåíüãàõ); íåîæèäàííàÿ óäà÷à; íåïðåäâèäåííûé
äîõîä ˜ I’ve had a windfall. ˜ He
had a windfall from the football pool.
add fuel to the fire
ïîäëèòü ìàñëà â îãîíü ˜ Just
as the discussion seemed to be
becoming more rational Mary added
fuel to the fire saying that people
should only talk about things they
understand.
a wiper
«äâîðíèê» (ñòåêëîî÷èñòèòåëü)
˜ Today I’ve been complimented
on my driving. Under the wiper,
27
add insult to injury
all dressed up and/with nowhere to go
êàê äóðàê ñ ÷èñòîé øååé
(îñòàòüñÿ íè ñ ÷åì) ˜ Rob rang
up and said he had to work late,
so there I was all dressed up with
nowhere to go.
add insult to injury
ïîäëèòü ìàñëà â îãîíü ˜ Having
cut off our electricity in error, the
Electricity Board added insult to
injury by charging us the cost of
reconnection.
addle-brained/headed
ìîçãè íàáåêðåíü; êðûøà åäåò ˜
This is a city full of rumours and
stories. You would be addle-headed
if you listened to them all.
all ears
ïðåâðàòèòüñÿ â ñëóõ; âåñü âíèìàíèå; óøêè íà ìàêóøêå ˜ Well,
hurry up and tell me. I’m all ears.
all fingers and thumbs/all
thumbs
(inf)
ðóêè-êðþêè ˜ When it comes to
knitting, Mary is all thumbs. ˜ I’m
sorry I spilled your coffee. I’m all
fingers and thumbs this morning
because I’ve got a job interview
after lunch.
after one’s own heart
ïî äóøå; ïî âêóñó ˜ Ah, so you
enjoy a good drop of claret, too.
You’re a man after my own heart.
against the grain
íå ïî íóòðó/íðàâó ˜ You can’t
expect me to help you cheat. That
goes against the grain.
all for
äâóìÿ ðóêàìè çà` (îäîáðÿòü) ˜
Mary suggested that they sell their
house. They weren’t all for it, but
they did it anyway. ˜ I’m all for eating before we leave.
aim high
(v)
âûñîêî ìåòèòü ˜ He aimed high
but went under.
airy-fairy
(adj inf)
çàîáëà÷íûé (íåðåàëüíûé) ˜
Many democratic principles are rejected by governments in developing countries as too airy-fairy for the
harsh circumstances there.
all in a day’s work
äåëî ïðèâû÷íîå ˜ Administering
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is all
in a day’s work for firemen.
all in one piece
â öåëîñòè è ñîõðàííîñòè; öåë è
íåâðåäèì ˜The package was
handled carefully, and the vase inside arrived all in one piece.
alive and kicking
æèâ-çäîðî⠘ I had a letter from
Rod. He’s still very much alive and
kicking, working on a farm.
all and sundry
âñå è âñÿ (âñå áåç èñêëþ÷åíèÿ)
˜ He didn’t like his private life being made known to all and sundry
in the newspapers.
all Lombard street to a China
orange
äàâàòü ãîëîâó íà îòñå÷åíèå ˜
It’s all Lombard street to a China
28
an easy touch
published a condemnation of his
actions. ˜ The board did an aboutface on acquiring more land.
orange that he’ll lose his money if
he invests it in the X-company.
all mouth and trousers
áàëàáîëêà; ïóñòîçâîí; òðåïëî
(áîëòóí) ˜ He’ll talk all night about
your problems and how to solve
them, but he won’t actually do anything to help. His trouble is that he’s
all mouth and trousers.
an Achilles’ heel
àõèëëåñîâà ïÿòà ˜ His Achilles’
heel was his pride – he would get very
angry if anyone criticized his work.
an act of God
ñòèõèéíîå áåäñòâèå ˜ My insurance company wouldn’t pay for the damage because it was an act of God.
all over and done with
ïîêîí÷èòü; äåëî ïðîøëîå ˜ He
has behaved very wickedly in the
past but that’s all over and done
with.
an also-ran
âå÷íûé íåóäà÷íèê; ñîøåäøèé ñ
êðóãà ˜ Peter felt that he was one
of life’s ‘also-rans’. His education
had ended unsuccessfully; he had
taken a number of uninteresting
and poorly paid jobs.
all the King’s horses and all the
King’s men
«âñÿ êîðîëåâñêàÿ ðàòü» ˜ If you
haven’t got a degree or diploma in
engineering I doubt whether all the
King’s horses and all the King’s
men could get you a job with that
particular firm.
an apple of discord
ÿáëîêî ðàçäîðà ˜ His lawyer tried
to persuade him to make a more
equitable disposal of his property.
“What you have here,” he said, “is
not so much a will as an apple of
discord.”
all-singing, all-dancing
(humor)
ïîñëåäíåå ñëîâî/äîñòèæåíèå;
ñàìûé ïèñê ˜ She showed us the
new all-singing, all-dancing graphics software she’d bought for her
computer.
an eager beaver
òðóäÿãà; ýíòóçèàñò ˜ The new
assistant always works late – he’s
a real eager beaver.
along for the ride
(inf)
çà êîìïàíèþ ˜ Except for John,
all of us here are practising photographers; John is just along for
the ride.
an early bird
ðàííÿÿ ïòàøêà ˜ You have to be
an early bird if you want to get a
bargain at an auction sale.
an about-face î
(Am)
ïîâîðîò íà 180 (âíåçàïíî èçìåíèòü ïëàíû, ìíåíèå è ò.ä.) ˜ Both
papers did an about-face and
an easy touch
áåçîòêàçíûé; óñòóï÷èâûé ˜ Her
Dad’s an easy touch – he’s always
giving her money.
29
an honest Joe
of his from their student days at
Cambridge.
an honest Joe
÷åñòíûé ìàëûé ˜ He’s just an
honest Joe trying to earn enough
money to live.
an old hand
òåðòûé êàëà÷ (îïûòíûé ÷åëîâåê)
˜ He’s an old hand at this sort of
job.
an item
(sl)
«ñëàäêàÿ ïàðî÷êà» ˜ No one is
surprised to see them together
anymore. It is generally recognized
that they are an item.
an open book
êàê íà ëàäîíè (îá îòêðûòîì ÷åëîâåêå) ˜ His intentions and plans
are always an open book to people
who know him.
an obstacle race
áåã ñ ïðåïÿòñòâèÿìè ˜ We don’t
need this obstacle race every day.
I’m going to quit driving to work.
an open secret
ñåêðåò ïîëèøèíåëÿ (íè äëÿ êîãî
íå ñåêðåò) ˜ It’s an open secret
that he is having an affair with the
boss’s wife.
an odd fish
áåëàÿ âîðîíà; ñòðàííûé òèï ˜
This is not to say that Mr Hughes
is anything but an extremely odd
fish. He has not been seen in public for 16 years.
an outworker
íàäîìíèê ˜ The boss finds it
profitable to employ outworkers.
an old codger
(affect)
ñòàðûé õðû÷ ˜ I looked at this
marvellous old cadger laughing his
head off.
an ugly duckling
ãàäêèé óòåíîê ˜ The most successful company was last year’s
ugly duckling. ˜ A long time ago,
I was in an awful play where I had to
come downstairs transformed from
an ugly duckling into a beautiful lady.
an old chestnut
(inf)
àíåêäîò «ñ áîðîäîé» ˜ I did not
find that comedian funny. I’d heard
all those old chestnuts before.
an unknown quantity
òåìíàÿ ëîøàäêà ˜ John is an
unknown quantity. We don’t know
how he’s going to act.
an old doddler
áîæèé îäóâàí÷èê ˜ Although an
expert in his field, the 70-year old
professor of History was regarded
by students and colleagues alike
as an old doddler.
an upstart
âûñêî÷êà ˜ I refuse to let that
young upstart muscle in on my business.
an old flame
ñòàðàÿ ëþáîâü; çàçíîáà ˜ David
met Linda by chance in a restaurant yesterday. She’s an old flame
and all that jazz
(inf)
è âñå òàêîå ïðî÷åå; è òîìó ïî30
as deaf as a post
around the corner
íà íîñó; íå çà ãîðàìè ˜ You
should buy some warm clothes,
winter is around the corner.
äîáíîå ˜ They sell televisions and
all that jazz.
and stuff
è âñå òàêîå ïðî÷åå; è òîìó ïîäîáíîå ˜ Gina studies botany, you
know – plants and stuff.
arty-farty
(adj inf)
çàóìíûé; âû÷óðíûé, ïðåòåíöèîçíûé ˜ I don’t go for all this artyfarty talk about the meaning of
painting. I just know what I like.
and whatnot
÷åãî òàì òîëüêî íåò; ÷åðòà â
ñòóïå ˜ The luxury house has ten
bedrooms, a swimming pool and
whatnot.
as black as pitch
òüìà êðîìåøíàÿ; õîòü ãëàç âûêîëè ˜ It was pouring with rain, and
the night was as black as pitch.
another cup of tea
ñîâñåì äðóãîå äåëî ˜ I wasn’t
talking about Jeremy, I meant his
brother. – Ah, Rodney’s way of doing
business is quite another cup of tea.
as black as thunder
ìðà÷íåå òó÷è ˜ She didn’t say
anything but she was as black as
thunder.
another/a second string to
one’s bow
ëèøíèé êîçûðü; åùå îäèí ïëþñ
˜ If you can teach English as well
as yoga, it’s another string to your
bow.
as bold as brass
íàãëûé êàê òàíê ˜ He walked up
to me as bold as brass and asked
if I had any spare change.
as broad as it is long
(inf)
÷òî â ëîá, ÷òî ïî ëáó; áåç ðàçíèöû ˜ You can buy a ticket here or
pay on board the ferry, it’s as broad
as it is long.
any old how
(inf)
òÿï-ëÿï; êàê ïîïàëî; êàê áîã íà
äóøó ïîëîæèò ˜ Johnny doesn’t
care what his homework looks like.
He does it any old how. ˜ “Look,” I
said to the carpenter. “If I was content to have my shelves put up any
old how, I’d have done the job myself
instead of paying you to do it.” ˜ Her
desk is always terribly untidy – she
just throws down papers any old how.
as clever/cunning as a fox
õèòðûé êàê ëèñà ˜ Don’t trust your
boss! He’s as cunning as a fox!
as cross as two sticks
çëîé êàê ÷åðò ˜ Her father is as
cross as two sticks about what
she’s done.
around the clock
êðóãëûå ñóòêè ˜ Doctors and
nurses worked around the clock to
help the people injured in the train
crash.
as deaf as a post
ãëóõîé êàê ïåíü; ãëóõàÿ òåòåðÿ
˜ You may have to ring the door31
as different as chalk and/from cheese
as happy as a lark/sandboy/
Larry
äîâîëüíûé êàê ñëîí; ñ÷àñòëèâûé
êàê ðåáåíîê ˜ My son loves toys. If
you give him something to play with,
he’s as happy as a sandboy. ˜ We
married nine days after we met, and
three years on we’re happy as Larry.
bell several times because the old
lady is as deaf as a post.
as different as chalk and/from
cheese
êàê íåáî è çåìëÿ (îòëè÷àòüñÿ);
äèàìåòðàëüíî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíû
˜ The two brothers are as different
as chalk from cheese.
as hard as nails
1. æåëåçíûé (î ñèëüíîì ÷åëîâåêå); âûíîñëèâûé ˜ The soldier
was as hard as nails. ˜ It’s amazing! Sally works so hard but she
never complains! – She’s just as
hard as nails.
2. ÷åðñòâûé, áåçæàëîñòíûé ˜ He
won’t do you any harm. – My stepmother might. She’s ignorant, but
she’s as hard as nails and pretty sly.
as easy as pie
ïàðà ïóñòÿêîâ; ïëåâîå äåëî; ðàç
ïëþíóòü ˜ Learning to swim is as
easy as pie.
as fit as a fiddle
êàê îãóð÷èê ˜ My Dad’s nearly
eighty now but he’s as fit as a fiddle.
as fresh as a daisy/as new paint
câåæèé êàê îãóð÷èê ˜ After a
night without sleep we were all exhausted except Ann, who was as
fresh as a daisy.
as ill luck would have it
êàê íàçëî; êàê íà áåäó; êàê íà
ãðåõ ˜ As ill luck would have it he
was on holiday at that time.
as full as a tick
íàåñòüñÿ äîñûòà, äî îòâàëà ˜
Little Billy ate and ate until he was
as full as a tick.
as it were
òàê ñêàçàòü ˜ That was part of
the job, as it were.
as funny as a crutch
è ñìåõ, è ãðåõ ˜ The welldressed lady slipped and fell in the
gutter, which was funny as a crutch.
as large as life
ñîáñòâåííîé ïåðñîíîé ˜ I went
to the party and there was John, as
large as life.
as good as one’s word
äåðæàòü ñëîâî ˜ He said he
would lend me the money if I needed
it, and was as good as his word.
as keen as mustard
ãîðåòü ýíòóçèàçìîì ˜ My young
son only took up skiing last year,
but he’s as keen as mustard and
skis every weekend now.
as happy as a clam
(Am)
äîâîëüíûé êàê ñëîí; ñ÷àñòëèâûé êàê ðåáåíîê ˜ Since he’s been
at college he’s as happy as a clam.
as like as two peas
êàê äâå êàïëè âîäû (ïîõîæèé) ˜
The twins were as like as two peas.
32
as white as chalk/a ghost/a sheet
as pleased as Punch
ðàä-ðàäåøåíåê ˜ Milla is as
pleased as Punch with her birthday
present.
as stubborn as a mule
óïðÿìûé êàê áûê/îñåë ˜ You will
not persuade her to change her mind
– she is as stubborn as a mule.
as quick as a wink
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà ˜ Quick as a
wink, he snatched the book and ran
out of the room.
as tall as a beanpole/lamppost
âûñîêèé êàê êàëàí÷à ˜ The prisoner was as tall as a beanpole.
as thick as two (short) planks
ãëóïûé êàê ïðîáêà; òóïîé êàê
âàëåíîê ˜ She’s a pretty girl, but
as thick as two short planks.
as quick as lightning
áûñòðî êàê ìîëíèÿ ˜ The dog
grabbed the meat and was out of
the shop as quick as lightning.
as red as a beet
(Am)
êðàñíûé êàê ðàê ˜ I only had to
smile at him and he turned as red
as a beet.
as thin/skinny as a rake
õóäîé êàê ùåïêà ˜ Some people
can eat as many fatty foods and
sweet things as they like, and still
be as thin as a rake.
as rare as hen’s teeth
äíåì ñ îãíåì íå íàéòè ˜ On a
rainy night, taxis are as rare as
hen’s teeth.
as thin as a stick
õóäîé êàê ùåïêà ˜ I remember
her as a stick-thin teenager dressed
all in black.
as slippery as an eel
ñêîëüçêèé êàê óæ; ñêîëüçêèé òèï
˜ You’d be mad to go into business with him. He’s as slippery as
an eel.
as tight as a tick
ïåðåáðàòü (âûïèòü ëèøíåãî) ˜
You’d better keep an eye on
Barbara – she’s fast becoming as
tight as a tick, and when she gets
like that anything can happen.
as steady as a rock
íàäåæíûé êàê ñêàëà/êàìåííàÿ
ñòåíà ˜ Betty always knows her
part; she’s as steady as a rock.
as true as steel
ïðåäàííûé äóøîé è òåëîì ˜ My
old friend is as true as steel.
as white as chalk/a ghost/
a sheet
áëåäíûé êàê ñìåðòü ˜ She was
trembling all over and as white as
a sheet. ˜ In thirty years of marriage I have never seen my husband
in such a state. He was as white
as a ghost and trembling.
as stiff as a poker/a ramrod
êàê àðøèí ïðîãëîòèë; ïðÿìîé
êàê ñòðåëà ˜ My father sat
upright, stiff as a poker, while the
doctor explained to him the serious nature of his illness. ˜ At
eighty-three, he’s still as straight
as a ramrod.
33
ask point-blank
at a stroke
îäíèì ìàõîì (ñðàçó); â äâà ñ÷åòà
˜ He solved the problem at a stroke.
ask point-blank
ñïðîñèòü â ëîá; íàïðÿìèê ˜
You’ll have to ask him point-blank
whether he took the money or not.
at a toss
çàëïîì (âûïèòü àëêîãîëü) ˜ In
Russia, one downs the whole glass
at a toss.
at a/the crossroads
íà ðàñïóòüå ˜ At forty, she found
herself at a crossroads – should
she risk giving up a dull but secure
office job to go into full-time freelance journalism?
at an ungodly hour
íè ñâåò íè çàðÿ ˜ Why did you
phone me at this ungodly hour?
at a loose end
áîëòàòüñÿ áåç äåëà; áûòü íå ó
äåë ˜ After my return home I was
at a loose end, I read the typescript
over and over until I knew it by heart.
at bay
çàãíàííûé â óãîë; ïðèïåðòûé ê
ñòåíêå ˜ The police chased the thief
to a roof, where they held him at bay
until more policemen came to help.
at a loss for words
íå íàéòèñü ÷òî ñêàçàòü ˜ A good
salesman is never at a loss for
words. ˜ He took me so much by
surprise that I was at a loss for
words.
at best
â ëó÷øåì ñëó÷àå ˜ We can expect at best a loss of two million
pounds this year.
at daggers drawn
íà íîæàõ ˜ They’ve been at daggers drawn for years.
at a low ebb
íà ñïàäå ˜ After the failure of the
disarmament talks, relations between
the two countries were at a low ebb
for months. ˜ Public interest in new
car models was at a low ebb because
of the high price of petrol.
at death’s door
íà ãðàíè ñìåðòè/ãèáåëè; íà ïîðîãå ñìåðòè ˜ I was so ill with flu last
week I thought I was at death’s door.
at a pinch
â êðàéíåì ñëó÷àå; â ñëó÷àå
íóæäû; íà õóäîé êîíåö ˜ Will’s
car can take four people comfortably, five at a pinch. ˜ At a pinch,
you could get home on foot.
at first blush
íà ïåðâûé âçãëÿä ˜ At first blush
the offer looked good, but when we
studied it, we found things we could
not accept. ˜ At first blush, she
appeared to be quite old.
at a snail’s pace
÷åðåïàøüèì øàãîì ˜ When you
watch a clock, time seems to move
at a snail’s pace.
at first hand
èç ïåðâûõ ðóê ˜ I was able to
obtain information about the accident at first hand.
34
at stake
most ice-cream at one go. ˜ I can
read about 300 pages at a sitting.
at full lick/tilt
(inf)
ãíàòü âî âåñü äóõ /îïîð; ì÷àòüñÿ
˜ He came round the corner on his
bicycle at full lick and knocked the
old woman over.
at one’s best
â óäàðå; â ëó÷øåé ôîðìå; â
íàèëó÷øåì âèäå ˜ He is at his
best after a good nap. ˜ The photographer tried hard to show the
bride at her best.
at full stretch
íà âñþ êàòóøêó; â ïîëíóþ ñèëó
˜ They had to work at full stretch
in order to get the job finished before the end of the week.
at one’s wits’ end
óìà íå ïðèëîæèòü (íå çíàòü, ÷òî
äåëàòü) ˜ I’m at my wits’ end with
this terribly complicated situation.
at heart
â ãëóáèíå äóøè ˜ He seems
rather stern but he is a very kind
man at heart.
at sixes and sevens
1. â áåñïîðÿäêå; åðàëàø ˜ We
were at sixes and sevens for about a
week after we moved in. ˜ He apologized because his wife was away and
the house was at sixes and sevens.
2. íå íàõîäèòü ñåáå ìåñòà/äåëà;
â ïîëíîé ðàñòåðÿííîñòè ˜ Mrs
Smith is at sixes and sevens since
the death of her husband. ˜ After
the captain of the team broke his
leg, the other players were at sixes
and sevens.
at loose ends
(Am)
áîëòàòüñÿ áåç äåëà; áûòü íå ó
äåë; íå çíàòü, ÷åì ñåáÿ çàíÿòü ˜
Just before school starts all children are at loose ends.
at odds
(adj)
ðàñõîäèòüñÿ âî âçãëÿäàõ/ìíåíèÿõ; èìåòü ðàçíîãëàñèÿ ˜ She’s
at odds with the mayor over cuts in
the department’s budget. ˜ The boy
and girl were married a week after
they met and soon found themselves at odds about religion.
at smb’s beck and call
áûòü íà ïîáåãóøêàõ ó ê-ë; òîëüêî ïàëüöåì ïîìàíè ˜ She has
always had plenty of men at her
beck and call. ˜ TV companies
should not be at the beck and call
of government ministers.
at odds with smth
(adj)
èäòè âðàçðåç; íå âïèñûâàòüñÿ ˜
Blake’s version of events was at
odds with the official police report.
˜ He was a good piano player, but
slightly ashamed of it, as it seemed
at odds with his macho image.
at smb’s elbow
ïîä ðóêîé ˜ When doing translation work, it’s imperative to have
a good dictionary at one’s elbow.
at one go/a sitting
çà îäèí ïðèñåñò; íà îäíîì äûõàíèè (çà îäèí ðàç) ˜ The boys had a
competition to see who could eat the
at stake
(adj)
ïîñòàâëåííûé íà êàðòó ˜ A great
35
at the drop of a hat
avoid smb/smth like the plague
øàðàõàòüñÿ/áåæàòü êàê îò
÷óìû; ñòîðîíèòüñÿ ˜ What’s
wrong with Bob? Everyone avoids
him like the plague. ˜ Since
Wolfgang was bitten, he avoided
dogs like the plague.
deal of money is at stake. ˜ Our
children’s future is at stake.
at the drop of a hat
(adv)
â ëþáóþ ìèíóòó (ãîòîâíîñòü) ˜
Most unemployed people are not
lazy; they would accept work at
the drop of a hat. ˜ The main
supports of the bridge are weak
and could collapse at the drop of
a hat.
B
back-to-front
çàäîì íàïåðåä ˜ You are wearing your T-shirt back-to-front.
at the eleventh hour
â ïîñëåäíþþ ìèíóòó ˜ The child
was saved from the kidnappers at
the eleventh hour.
back the wrong horse
ïîñòàâèòü íå íà òó ëîøàäêó ˜
Simon backed the wrong horse
from the start. He favoured Hart but
it was Robins who won the election.
at the end of one’s rope/tether
íà ïðåäåëå (ýìîöèîíàëüíîì) ˜
I’m at the end of my tether, and if
the phone rings once more, I’ll
scream! ˜ He’s out of work, hanging around the house all day and at
the end of his rope.
back to square one/the drawing
board
íà÷èíàòü ïî íîâîé/ñ íóëÿ/îò
ïå÷êè ˜ If the experiment fails,
we’ll have to go back to square
one. ˜ Tanya was pleased to get
an interview after all her unsuccessful applications but when
she was turned down for the new
job, it was back to the drawing
board.
at the top of one’s lungs/voice
âî âñå ãîðëî (îðàòü, êðè÷àòü) ˜
How can I work when you’re all talking at the top of your lungs?
at the wheel
ñòîÿòü ó øòóðâàëà/ðóëÿ; ðóêîâîäèòü ˜ This company has not been
doing too well recently, but now that
you’re at the wheel, I think we are
going to have a lot of success in
the years to come.
backscratching/back scratching
òû – ìíå, ÿ – òåáå (âçàèìíûå
óñëóãè) ˜ There is a great deal of
back scratching involved in international politics.
at worst
íà õóäîé êîíåö; â õóäøåì ñëó÷àå ˜ When Don was caught
cheating in the examination, he
thought that at worst he would get
a scolding.
bad blood
âðàæäà; âðàæäåáíîñòü ˜ There
had been bad blood between them
for so long that neither was willing to
make the first friendly approaches.
36
be all over smb
bare one’s soul
èçëèòü/îòêðûòü äóøó ˜ We all
need someone we can bare our
souls to, someone we can confide
in.
badmouth
(Am v)
ñìåøèâàòü ñ ãðÿçüþ; ãîâîðèòü
ãàäîñòè; ÷åðòûõàòüñÿ; ïðîêëèíàòü
˜ He was her bitter enemy and
never missed a chance to
badmouth her. ˜ John badmouths
his car constantly because it
doesn’t run.
bare one’s teeth
âûïóñêàòü êîãîòêè; ïîêàçàòü
ñâîå èñòèííîå ëèöî ˜ The government soon showed its teeth to the
rebels. ˜ Come on, let him know
you’re angry – show your teeth!
bag and baggage
(inf)
ñî âñåìè ïîæèòêàìè/ìàíàòêàìè/ïîòðîõàìè ˜ She threw him
out of the house bag and baggage.
bark up the wrong tree
îáðàòèòüñÿ íå ïî àäðåñó ˜
You’re barking up the wrong tree if
you think you will be able to influence the judge.
bald as a coot/a billiard ball
(humor)
ãîëûé êàê êîëåíî; ñîâåðøåííî
ëûñûé ˜ He’s a good hairdresser,
although he’s as bald as a billiard
ball himself. ˜ Then he took off
his hat and he was as bald as a
coot.
batty
(adj)
÷îêíóòûé; òðîíóòûé ˜ Such a
shame about her son – he’s a bit
batty.
bang goes
(inf)
íàêðûòüñÿ; ëîïíóòü (î ïëàíàõ,
øàíñàõ è ò.ä.) ˜ Here’s the money
for the car repair and bang goes a
week’s salary. ˜ I’ve just been told
I’m working late this evening. – Oh
well, bang goes the cinema.
be a mixed blessing
èìåòü ñâîè «çà» è «ïðîòèâ» ˜ My
mother often looks after my children
for me, but it’s a mixed blessing,
because she gives them too many
sweets. ˜ Beauty can be a mixed
blessing. It gets you a lot of
attention but people are less likely
to take you seriously.
bang one’s head against a
brick wall
áèòüñÿ ãîëîâîé îá ñòåíó
(áåçðåçóëüòàòíî äîáèâàòüñÿ ÷-ë)
˜ I keep telling her that she should
change her job, but I’m just banging my head against a brick wall.
be all in
êàê âûæàòûé ëèìîí; èçìî÷àëåííûé (óñòàëûé) ˜ I just walked all
the way from town. I’m all in.
bang-up
(adj inf)
ïîòðÿñíûé; øèêàðíûé; áàëäåæíûé ˜ John did a bang-up job painting the house. ˜ We had a bangup time at your bash.
be all over smb
íîñèòüñÿ êàê ñ ïèñàíîé òîðáîé
˜ His boss was all over him because he had won the new contract
for our company.
37
be all smiles
ðóþùèé ˜ You’ll have to prove it
to me. I’m from Missouri.
be all smiles
ïðîñèÿòü; ñâåòèòüñÿ îò ðàäîñòè
˜ He was all smiles when he heard
the good news. ˜ She spent the
whole of yesterday shouting at people and yet this morning she’s all
smiles.
be Greek to smb
òåìíûé ëåñ (íè÷åãî íå ïîíèìàòü); êèòàéñêàÿ ãðàìîòà ˜ The
doctors were discussing my illness,
but what they were saying was
Greek to me. ˜ Soccer is, frankly,
all Greek to me.
be backed into a corner
çàãíàííûé â óãîë; ïðèïåðòûé ê
ñòåíêå ˜ I’ve been backed into a
corner and I have no choice but to
sign the contract.
be hard put
èñïûòûâàòü òðóäíîñòè/ñëîæíîñòè; ñ òðóäîì óäàâàòüñÿ ˜ You’d be
hard put to find a better school for
your kids. ˜ She’ll be hard put to
buy her own home on what she earns.
be blowed if
ïðîâàëèòüñÿ íà ýòîì ìåñòå; ðàçðàçè ìåíÿ ãðîì ˜ Steve is just
ungrateful and I’ll be blowed if I help
him again.
be lousy with
êèøìÿ êèøåòü; íàâîäíèòü ˜
The village was lousy with tourists.
be crossed in love
íå âåçòè â ëþáâè; ëþáèòü áåçîòâåòíî ˜ The boy looks thoughtful and unhappy; perhaps he’s been
crossed in love.
be more trouble than it’s worth
ñåáå äîðîæå ñòîèòü ˜ In the 80s
many company employees regarded new computer technology as
difficult to understand and more
trouble than it was worth.
be cruising for a bruising
íàðûâàòüñÿ/íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ íà
íåïðèÿòíîñòè ˜ If you really intend
to pay him with that false check
you are cruising for a bruising.
be nuts about
(sl)
áûòü áåç óìà îò ê-ë; ïîìåøàòüñÿ
íà ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ Otto is nuts about
boats. ˜ I’m nuts about her.
be dying to do smth
ñãîðàòü îò íåòåðïåíèÿ; ñòðàñòíî
æåëàòü ˜ My mother is dying to
meet you in person.
be one’s bag
(inf)
ñòèõèÿ; óâëå÷åíèå ˜ Mary didn’t
like social work, but teaching has
proved to be her bag.
be for the high jump
(inf)
âëåòåòü ïî ïåðâîå ÷èñëî ˜ She’ll
be for the high jump when her mother
finds out she’s been smoking.
be past one’s sell-by date
âûéòè â òèðàæ (óñòàðåòü) ˜Most
footballers are past their sell-by
date at 35 but Bobby is still a brilliant player. ˜ There’s plenty of time
be from Missouri
(Am)
íå âåðèòü íà ñëîâî; Ôîìà íåâå38
beat smb to it
beat a ban
(inf)
îáîéòè çàêîí ˜ By beating a ban
and smuggling alcohol he achieved
huge profit.
to have a baby, I’m not past my
sell-by date yet.
be rushed off one’s feet
ñáèòüñÿ ñ íî㠘 Just before
Christmas the staff in the shop are
always rushed off their feet.
beat a (hasty) retreat
äàòü òÿãó/äåðó (ïîñïåøíî óäàëèòüñÿ) ˜ The children beat a
hasty retreat when they saw the
headmaster.
be sitting pretty
õîðîøî óñòðîèòüñÿ; êàê ó Õðèñòà çà ïàçóõîé ˜ These problems
don’t worry you – you’re sitting pretty.
beat about/around the bush
õîäèòü âîêðóã äà îêîëî ˜ Stop
beating about the bush and tell me
what you came for!
be staring smb in the face
ëåæàòü íà ïîâåðõíîñòè; áûòü íà
âèäó; íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ ñàìî ñîáîé
˜ We spent ages wondering how
we could make more space in the
shop and the answer was staring
us in the face all the time.
beat it
(Am inf)
ïðîâàëèâàòü; óáèðàòüñÿ ïðî÷ü
˜ OK you kids, beat it!
beat one’s brains (out)
(sl)
ëîìàòü ãîëîâó; ìîçãè ñâåðíóòü
íàáåêðåíü ˜ I beat my brains out
to solve the problem. ˜ Some
students are lazy, but others beat
their brains out and succeed.
be wild about
(inf)
òàùèòüñÿ/áàëäåòü îò ÷-ë; ñõîäèòü ñ óìà ˜ My baby is wild about
pop music.
bear a grudge against smb
èìåòü çóá íà ê-ë; äåðæàòü/
çàòàèòü çëî íà ê-ë ˜ He still bears
a grudge against her because she
refused to go out with him years
ago.
beat smb black-and-blue
îòëóïèòü êàê ñèäîðîâó êîçó; íå
îñòàâèòü æèâîãî ìåñòà (èçáèòü äî
ñèíÿêîâ) ˜ He was beaten blackand-blue at boarding school.
bear fruit
ïðèíîñèòü ïëîäû (äàâàòü ðåçóëüòàò) ˜ Our advertising
campaign is starting to bear fruit.
Sales have risen this month.
beat smb hands down
ïîáåäèòü çàïðîñòî/â äâà ñ÷åòà
˜ Last week our team played very
badly and our opponents beat us
hands down.
bear one’s cross
íåñòè ñâîé êðåñò ˜ Someone has
to look after mother and because
I live the closest it’s a cross I have
to bear.
beat smb to it
(inf)
îáñêàêàòü; îïåðåäèòü ˜ She
wanted to be the first to welcome
him, but her sister had beaten her
to it.
39
beat to the punch/draw
behind the times
îòñòàâàòü îò âðåìåíè (óñòàðåòü)
˜ We have made changes here –
we don’t want to be accused of
being behind the times. ˜ Educationally, three schools are twenty
years behind the times.
beat to the punch/draw (Am)
îáñêàêàòü; îïåðåäèòü ˜ John
was going to apply for the job, but
Ted beat him to the draw. ˜ Lois
bought the dress before Mary could
beat her to the punch.
beat the band
(inf)
ïîáèòü âñå ðåêîðäû ˜ My millionaire grandfather left all his
money to research into proving that
the pyramids in Egypt were built by
visitors from outer space. That
really beats the band.
bells and whistles
ïðèáàìáàñû; íàâîðîòû ˜ Since
there are so many computers on
the market it is hardly surprising that
manufacturers have fixed a few
bells and whistles on their machines to get them noticed. ˜ Your
computer software may have all the
latest bells and whistles, but is it
good value for money?
beat the living daylights out of
smb
(inf)
èçáèòü äî ïîëóñìåðòè ˜ I’ll
beat the living daylights out of
anyone who scratches my new
car! ˜ Steve beat the daylights
out of him with a hefty length of
bike chain.
below par
íå â ôîðìå ˜ I was feeling a little below par this morning.
bend double
ñîãíóòüñÿ â òðè ïîãèáåëè ˜
Peasants work throughout the day
either hoeing arid soil or bend
double planting rice.
before you can say Jack Robinson
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà ˜ I’ll finish this
book before you can say Jack
Robinson.
bend over backward(s)
ðàçáèòüñÿ â ëåïåøêó; èç êîæè
âîí ëåçòü ˜ I bent over backwards
to be nice to him because he was a
stranger, but he wasn’t at all grateful.
beggar description
(form)
íå ïîääàâàòüñÿ îïèñàíèþ ˜ The
sunset that evening was of a beauty
to beggar all description.
bet one’s boots
(Am)
êàê ïèòü äàòü; äàòü ãîëîâó íà
îòñå÷åíèå ˜ This horse will win.
I would bet my boots on it. ˜ Jim
said he would bet his boots that he
would pass the examination.
behind smb’s back
çà ãëàçà (òàéêîì) ˜ I don’t want
to talk about it behind his back.
behind the scenes
(fig)
çà êóëèñàìè ˜ There was endless activity behind the scenes
days before the visit of the royal
couple.
bet one’s bottom dollar
êàê ïèòü äàòü; äàòü ãîëîâó íà
40
bite the hand that feeds you
îòñå÷åíèå ˜ I bet my bottom dollar you can’t swim across the pool.
ÿãîäà ˜ I’m sure you and Debbie
will get on – you’re birds of a feather.
better than a slap in the eye/
face
ëó÷øå ÷åì íè÷åãî ˜ Our wage
increase doesn’t keep up with
inflation. – Yes, but it’s better than
a slap in the face.
bite off more than one can chew
âçÿòü íà ñåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî;
ïåðåîöåíèòü ñâîè ñèëû ˜ He’s
bitten off more than he can chew,
trying to renovate his house.
bite one’s tongue
ïðèêóñèòü ÿçûê (ïðîìîë÷àòü) ˜
I really wanted to tell her what
I thought of him but I had to bite
my tongue. ˜ I’m perfectly prepared
to bite my tongue until I’ve learned
what the system is all about. Then
when I’ve got something to contribute, they will hear from me.
between the devil and the
deep blue sea
ìåæäó Ñöèëëîé è Õàðèáäîé/
äâóõ îãíåé ˜ Faced with a choice
between starving to death and emigrating, they were between the devil
and the deep blue sea.
between you, me and the lamppost/gatepost
ìåæäó íàìè (äåâî÷êàìè) ãîâîðÿ
˜ Between you, me and the lamppost, I think he has gone crazy.
bite smb’s head off
íàáðîñèòüñÿ/íàïóñòèòüñÿ íà ê-ë;
îòðóãàòü ˜ We have a lovely supper
for you, we ask a civil question, pass
a remark about how nice your friend
is, and get our heads bitten off. ˜
Keep away from Christine this
morning. She’s in a bad mood. –
I know. She bit my head off for no
reason when I arrived.
beyond one’s depth
íå ïî çóáàì ˜ The conductor
realized that playing the fugue at
the right tempo was beyond their
depth.
bite the bullet
(Am inf or sl)
ïðîãëîòèòü ïèëþëþ; ñìèðèòüñÿ ˜
He disliked being indebted to someone he despised, but he was obliged
to bite the bullet. ˜ They decided to
bite the bullet and pay the extra for
the house they really wanted.
big bucks
(Am)
áåøåíûå äåíüãè ˜ A swimming
pool – this means you’re spending
big bucks.
big of smb
(sl usu facet)
øèðîêèé æåñò ˜ It was very big
of him to offer us his car, especially
as it’s actually his mother’s. ˜ How
big of you to save the absolute
worst seat for me.
bite the hand that feeds you
îòïëàòèòü ÷åðíîé íåáëàãîäàðíîñòüþ; ðóáèòü ñóê, íà êîòîðîì
ñèäèøü (íàêàçàòü ñàìîãî ñåáÿ)
The man had worked for the company for several years. When he was
birds of a feather
äâà ñàïîãà ïàðà; îäíîãî ïîëÿ
41
black economy
want us asking any difficult
questions. ˜ Don’t blind me with
science; just tell me how long the
car repair will take.
caught stealing, his employer felt that
he had bitten the hand that fed him.
` ` had bit˜ She felt that her protege
ten the hand that fed him by making
unkind remarks about her in public.
blow away the cobwebs
ðàçâåÿòüñÿ; âñòðÿõíóòüñÿ (ïðîãóëÿòüñÿ) ˜ Let’s go for a walk to
blow the cobwebs away – you’ve
been studying all day. ˜ A stroll
along the cliffs will blow away the
cobwebs.
black economy
òåíåâàÿ ýêîíîìèêà ˜ Black
economy implies work, which is
paid for in cash, and therefore not
declared for tax.
black money
÷åðíûé íàë (äåíüãè, íå îáëàãàåìûå íàëîãîì) ˜ By moonlighting a lot of people earn black
money.
blow hot and cold
ñåìü ïÿòíèö íà íåäåëå (ìåíÿòü
îòíîøåíèå, ìíåíèå, ïëàíû) ˜ He
blows hot and cold on the plan so
that I don’t know whether he will
eventually help us or not. ˜ I can’t
understand it. First my wife says
she wants to go to Paris with me
and then she doesn’t. Why do you
think she’s blowing hot and cold?
blackball
(v)
«ïðîêàòèòü» (áðîñèòü ÷åðíûé
øàð ïðè ãîëîñîâàíèè) ˜ Voters
were entitled to blackball any candidate they did not like.
blow money
ïðîñàäèòü äåíüãè ˜ Some
West-End stores constantly introduce more expensive goods so you
never know how much money you’ll
blow in them.
bleed smb white
âûêà÷àòü äåíüãè; èñòîùèòü ìîðàëüíî è ôèçè÷åñêè ˜ He bled
them white with his demands for
more and still more money.
blind as a bat
ñëåïîé êàê êðîò; ñëåïàÿ êóðèöà
˜ Without his spectacles, he’s as
blind as a bat.
blow one’s brains out
ïóñòèòü ïóëþ â ëîá ˜ Blowing one’s
brains out is more a man’s type of
suicide; women lean toward poison.
blind drunk
(inf)
â ñòåëüêó/ìåðòâåöêè ïüÿí ˜ You
came in blind drunk last night.
What’s going on?
blow one’s own trumpet
òðóáèòü íà âåñü ìèð; êðè÷àòü íà
êàæäîì óãëó (î ñâîèõ óñïåõàõ) ˜
He really isn’t very clever but he is
always blowing his own trumpet.
blind smb with science
ïóäðèòü ìîçãè (çàóìíî îáúÿñíÿòü) ˜ I think he decided to blind
us with science because he didn’t
blow one’s top
(inf)
âçîðâàòüñÿ (îò ãíåâà); âûéòè èç
42
brand-new
born with a silver spoon in
one’s mouth
ðîäèòüñÿ â ñîðî÷êå/ïîä ñ÷àñòëèâîé çâåçäîé ˜ What does he
know about hardship – he was born
with a silver spoon in his mouth.
ñåáÿ; çà ñåáÿ íå ðó÷àòüñÿ ˜ I was
so mad I could have blown my top.
˜ If she calls about this one more
time I’m going to blow my top.
blow smb a kiss
ïîñëàòü âîçäóøíûé ïîöåëóé ˜
People on the platform were waving handkerchiefs and blowing
kisses to their friends.
bosom friends
(inf)
çàêàäû÷íûå äðóçüÿ ˜ The two
teenage girls were bosom friends
and went everywhere together.
blow the gaff
âûäàòü ñåêðåò/òàéíó; ïðîáîëòàòüñÿ ˜ We were planning a brilliant surprise for Dad, but my
younger brother blew the gaff.
bottoms up
(inf)
ïåé äî äíà! ˜ Bill raised his glass
of wine and said, “Bottoms up!”
bound hand and foot
ñâÿçàí ïî ðóêàì è íîãàì ˜ I’m
afraid there’s nothing I can do to
help you. I’m bound hand and foot
by the bank’s rules.
blow the whistle on
(Am sl)
íàñòó÷àòü íà ê-ë; çàëîæèòü ê-ë
(ñîîáùèòü çàèíòåðåñîâàííûì
ëèöàì) ˜ He made quite a lot of
money out of selling faulty electric
goods before someone finally blew
the whistle on him.
bow and scrape
ëåáåçèòü; çàèñêèâàòü; óíèæàòüñÿ;
ãíóòü øåþ/ñïèíó ïåðåä ê-ë ˜
Please don’t bow and scrape. We are
all equal here. ˜ In this fashionable
store, the salespersons virtually bow
and scrape before customers.
blow up in smb’s face
ëîïíóòü êàê ìûëüíûé ïóçûðü
˜ The government’s attempts at
reform have blown up in its face,
with demonstrations taking place
all over the country. ˜ The thief’s
plan to rob the bank blew up in
his face when a policeman stopped
him.
brainstorming
(n)
ìîçãîâàÿ àòàêà ˜ During our last
brainstorming session we tested
the effectiveness of an advertisement.
boiling
(adj)
äóøåãóáêà (î æàðå) ˜ Open a
window, it’s boiling in here!
brainwash
(v)
îáîëâàíèòü; ñäåëàòü ïðîìûâàíèå
ìîçãî⠘ The terrorists brainwashed
him into believing in their ideals.
born in the purple
çíàòíîãî ðîäà ˜ From a very early
age the Prince was aware that he
was born in the purple and was conscious of his elevated state.
brand-new
(adj)
ñ èãîëî÷êè; íîâåõîíüêèé ˜
I couldn’t afford a brand-new car,
43
brass monkey weather
spoke of his interest in mountain
climbing, and they soon had a
conversation going.
so I bought one second-hand. ˜ In
Uncle Tom’s trunk we found a wedding ring, still in its little satin-lined
box, still brand-new.
breathe again/easy/freely (Am)
ðàññëàáèòüñÿ; óñïîêîèòüñÿ ˜
Now that exams are over with, I can
breathe easy. ˜ Breathe again –
the police have gone.
brass monkey weather (inf)
ñîáà÷èé õîëîä ˜ It’s brass monkey weather outside.
bread
(Am n sl)
«áàáêè»; «êàïóñòà» (äåíüãè) ˜
We’ve got no bread. What do you
want to rob us for?
breathe down smb’s neck
ñòîÿòü íàä äóøîé (ïîñòîÿííî
êîíòðîëèðîâàòü) ˜ Our company
was accused of tax evasion, and
now we’ve got audition from the Inland Revenue breathing down our
neck. ˜ It’s awful having to work
with a boss who’s breathing down
your neck the whole time.
bread and circuses
` è çðåëèù ˜ One political
õëåáà
party offered bread and circuses;
the other – higher taxes and fewer
services.
breathing space
ïåðåäûøêà ˜ I felt I must be
alone. I must have breathing space
to think of the terrible thing that he
had accused me of.
break loose
âûðâàòüñÿ íà âîëþ/ñâîáîäó ˜
I was twenty years old before
I could break loose.
break one’s neck
øåþ ñåáå ñâåðíóòü ˜ Roger
goes muñh too fast on his skateboard. He’ll break his neck one of
these days!
bring smb/smth (out) in/into the
open
ïðåäàòü ãëàñíîñòè; âûâåñòè íà
÷èñòóþ âîäó ˜ The affair has been
kept secret for too long – it’s time
it was brought out into the open.
break one’s neck/back to do
smth
íàïðÿãàòüñÿ (ñòàðàòüñÿ èçî âñåõ
ñèë) ˜ I broke my neck to get here
on time. ˜ There is no point in
breaking your back. Take your time.
bring to smb’s knees
ïîñòàâèòü íà êîëåíè ˜ Sanctions were imposed in an attempt
to bring the country to its knees.
bring the house down
ñîðâàòü àïëîäèñìåíòû; âûçâàòü
áóðþ îâàöèé ˜ His solo brought the
house down. ˜ The clown sang a
duet with the talking horse, which
brought the house down every night.
break the ice
ðàñòîïèòü ëåä; ðàçðÿäèòü îáñòàíîâêó; ñäåëàòü ïåðâûé øàã (ñíÿòü
íàïðÿæåíèå) ˜ Let’s break the ice
by inviting our new neighbours for
a meal. ˜ To break the ice Ted
44
butter-fingers/butter fingered
long I would be there. I didn’t want
to burn my bridges.
bring under the hammer
ïîéòè ñ ìîëîòêà; ïóñòèòü ñ ìîëîòêà ˜ The Fra Angelico’s was
brought under the hammer yesterday.
burn one’s fingers
îáæå÷üñÿ ˜ He invested a lot of
money in the stock market without
professional advice and burned his
fingers.
bring up the rear
ïëåñòèñü â õâîñòå; çàìûêàòü
øåñòâèå ˜ One of the most experienced climbers brought up the
rear. ˜ Hurry up, Tom! Why are you
always bringing up the rear?
burst at the seams
1. ëîïàòüñÿ (îò ïåðååäàíèÿ) ˜
Fred ate so much he was bursting
at the seams.
2. áèòêîì íàáèò ˜ On her wedding
day the church was bursting at the
seams.
broad in the beam
ïîïåðåê ñåáÿ øèðå (î òîëñòîì
÷åëîâåêå) ˜ She’s getting very
broad in the beam.
burst into tears
óäàðèòüñÿ â ñëåçû; ðàçðåâåòüñÿ
˜ The brother and sister burst into
tears on hearing of the death of their
dog.
buckshee
(sl n)
õàëÿâà; íà õàëÿâó ˜ I was about
to pay for the drinks when I learnt it
was all buckshee.
bust-hump
(v)
ãîðáàòèòüñÿ (ðàáîòàòü) ˜ Steve
is at the low-wage end, yet always
willing to bust-hump.
bug
(Am v)
äîñòàâàòü ê-ë (ðàçäðàæàòü,
íàäîåäàòü) ˜ Those neighbours of
ours with their noisy radios and TV
sets definitely bug us.
buttoned-up
(Am)
çàìêíóòûé; îôèöèàëüíûé; «çàñòåãíóòûé íà âñå ïóãîâèöû» ˜
The American lawyers were more
open, less buttoned-up than their
British counterparts.
bum
(Am v)
ñòðåëÿòü; êëÿí÷èòü; ïîïðîøàéíè÷àòü ˜ The tramp was told
by the barman to stop bumming
drinks and cigarettes from guests.
butter wouldn’t melt in one’s
mouth
ïðèêèäûâàòüñÿ íåâèííîé îâå÷êîé ˜ Sally looks as if butter
wouldn’t melt in her mouth, but she
can be so cruel.
burn a hole in smb’s pocket
òÿíóòü êàðìàí; äåíüãè íå äåðæàòñÿ ˜ The money the little girl
received as a birthday present was
burning a hole in her pocket.
burn one’s bridges/boats
ñæèãàòü ìîñòû/êîðàáëè ˜ I didn’t
sell it because I didn’t know how
butter-fingers/butter fingered
äûðÿâûå ðóêè; ðóêè-êðþêè ˜
45
by fair means or foul
by the nape of the neck
çà øèâîðîò; çà øêèðêó ˜ If you
do it again, I’ll pick you up by the
nape of the neck and throw you out
the door.
That’s the third plate this butter-fingers has dropped.
by fair means or foul
íå ìûòüåì òàê êàòàíüåì; âñåìè
ïðàâäàìè è íåïðàâäàìè; ëþáîé
öåíîé ˜ I intend to win by fair
means or foul.
by word of mouth
íà ñëîâàõ; èç óñò â óñòà ˜ I think
she heard about the job by word of
mouth. ˜ We heard the news by
word of mouth long before it was
reported in the newspapers.
by fits and starts
óðûâêàìè ˜ The work on her new
novel is going by fits and starts at
the moment because she’s writing
a TV script as well.
C
by hook or by crook
íå ìûòüåì òàê êàòàíüåì; âñåìè
ïðàâäàìè è íåïðàâäàìè; ëþáîé
öåíîé ˜ I’ll get her to marry me, by
hook or by crook.
cadge
(Am v)
ñòðåëÿòü; êëÿí÷èòü; ïîïðîøàéíè÷àòü ˜ The tramp was told by
the barman to stop cadging drinks
and cigarettes from guests.
by leaps and bounds
ñåìèìèëüíûìè øàãàìè; íå ïî
äíÿì, à ïî ÷àñàì ˜ Production in
the factory was increasing by leaps
and bounds. ˜ The building of the
new sport complex is going ahead
by leaps and bounds.
calf love
ïåðâàÿ/þíîøåñêàÿ ëþáîâü ˜
Before he met Anneliese, all the
other girls had just been calf love.
call a spade a spade
íàçûâàòü âåùè ñâîèìè èìåíàìè; ãîâîðèòü íà÷èñòîòó ˜ Let’s call
a spade a spade. The man is a liar.
˜ You know me, I call a spade a
spade and when I see someone
behaving like an idiot, I tell them.
by miles/a mile
äàòü ñòî î÷êîâ âïåðåä; íà ãîëîâó âûøå ˜ Of all the 37 applicants
for the vacancy in the marketing
department, John was the best by
miles.
call it a day
çàêðóãëèòüñÿ; çàêîí÷èòü ˜ I haven’t
finished this piece of work but I’m so
tired that I’ll have to call it a day.
by the skin of one’s teeth
÷óäîì/åäâà óöåëåòü (èçáåæàòü
áåäû, íåïðèÿòíîñòè) ˜ We
escaped by the skin of our teeth.
˜ I myself survived by the skin
of my teeth. ˜ England held on
by the skin of their teeth to win
11:10.
call it quits
(inf)
1. ïîñòàâèòü òî÷êó; ïðåêðàòèòü ˜
This fight has been going on for
years – why don’t you two call it
quits and be friends. ˜ The
46
carry weight
÷åìó ˜ We couldn’t make head or
tail of the film. ˜ We don’t have any
enemies we know of, yet we keep
getting threatening telephone calls;
we can’t make head or tail of it.
relationship had been going from
bad to worse and we just decided it
was time to call it quits.
2. áûòü â ðàñ÷åòå; êâèòû ˜ You
paid for the theatre tickets so if I pay
for dinner we can call it quits.
can’t take/keep one’s eyes off
ãëàç íå îòîðâàòü ˜ The painting
is so beautiful. I can hardly take
my eyes off it. ˜ I couldn’t keep
my eyes off her amazing hairdo.
call on the carpet
âûçâàòü íà êîâåð (ê íà÷àëüñòâó)
˜ His boss called him on the carpet
for arriving late at work.
carry a thing too far
çàéòè ñëèøêîì äàëåêî; ïåðåáîðùèòü ˜ Mrs Robins takes her son
to the dentist’s every two months.
I think that’s carrying things a bit
too far, don’t you?
call smb every name in the book
ðóãàòü íà ÷åì ñâåò ñòîèò ˜ When
Gloria realised that Derek had deliberately damaged her new Italian
sports car, she used all sorts of
terrible language and called him
every name in the book.
carry coals to Newcastle
åõàòü â Òóëó ñî ñâîèì ñàìîâàðîì ˜ Taking her flowers is taking
coals to Newcastle – her garden is
full of flowers.
call smb names
îáçûâàòü; ïîíîñèòü ê-ë ˜ The
new foreman is unpopular because
he calls everyone names.
carry one’s cross
(Am)
íåñòè ñâîé êðåñò ˜ Poor soul,
she has a heavy cross to carry with
those young children and her husband out of work.
call the shots/the tune
(inf)
êîìàíäîâàòü ïàðàäîì; äèêòîâàòü óñëîâèÿ ˜ Baxter’s the big
man right now, but he won’t be calling
the shots much longer if he loses
the contract with the company.
canard
(n)
ãàçåòíàÿ «óòêà» ˜ The article
contained innumerable canards and
falsehoods.
carry the can
îòäóâàòüñÿ (íåñòè îòâåòñòâåííîñòü âìåñòî ê-ë) ˜ I always had
to carry the can for my younger
brother when he broke anything.
can’t hold a candle to smb
â ïîäìåòêè íå ãîäèòüñÿ ˜ She
cannot hold a candle to her mother
as far as cooking is concerned.
carry the day
âçÿòü/áðàòü âåðõ ˜ Her argument
in favoèr of pay increases eventually carried the day.
can’t make head or tail of smth
êîíöîâ íå íàéòè; íå ïîíÿòü ÷òî ê
carry weight
èìåòü âåñ ˜ The assistant man47
cast one’s lot with smb
ager’s opinions carry a lot of weight
in this office.
that John took the camera? The store
owner caught him with his pants down.
cast one’s lot with smb
ñâÿçàòü/ðàçäåëèòü ñâîþ ñóäüáó
ñ ê-ë ˜ Bill cast his lot with the new
company.
catch one’s breath
ïåðåõâàòèòü äûõàíèå ˜ He
looked into her face and caught his
breath. ˜ I caught my breath when
I saw the scar on her face.
cast-iron
(adj)
ñòîïðîöåíòíàÿ ãàðàíòèÿ/äîãîâîðåííîñòü/óâåðåííîñòü ˜ No new
business comes with a cast-iron
guarantee of success.
catch one’s eye
áðîñàòüñÿ â ãëàçà ˜ The dress
in the window caught her eye when
she passed the store.
catch smb cold
îãîðîøèòü; çàñòàòü âðàñïëîõ ˜
You caught me cold with this news.
I didn’t know anything about it.
cast the bait
çàáðîñèòü/çàêèíóòü óäî÷êó ˜
Since she remembered the mystery surrounding Claire’s past, she
decided to cast the bait and see if
Phoebe would take it.
catch smb in the act
çàñòóêàòü ˜ She’s guilty.She was
caught in the act. ˜ I was trying to
clear up the mess on the carpet
before anyone noticed it, but Isobel
came in and caught me in the act.
castles in the air/in Spain
`
`
âîçäóøíûå çàìêè;
çàìêè
íà
ïåñêå ˜ She tells me she’s planned
out her whole career; but as far as
I can see it’s all just castles in
Spain. ˜ I really like to sit on the
porch in the evening, just building
castles in the air.
catch smb napping
çàñòàòü âðàñïëîõ ˜ The first
heavy snowfall of the winter caught
the roads department napping –
they had no grit.
catch hell
ïîëó÷èòü ïî ìîçãàì; âëåòåòü ˜
I’m late. If I don’t get home soon,
I’ll catch hell.
catch smb red-handed
çàñòóêàòü/çàñòàòü íà ìåñòå
ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ ˜ The police caught
the thief red-handed.
catch it
ïîëó÷àòü íàãîíÿé; äîñòàòüñÿ ˜
You’ll catch it for breaking that cup
if your mother finds out.
catch smb with smb’s fingers
in the till
ïîéìàòü ñ ïîëè÷íûì; çàñòóêàòü
(î âîðîâñòâå íà ñëóæáå) ˜ Senior
officals who get caught with their
fingers in the till must expect to be
punished very severely.
catch one with one’s pants
down
çàñòóêàòü; çàñòàòü âðàñïëîõ/íà
ìåñòå ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ ˜ Did you hear
48
chock-a-block
chase skirts
áåãàòü çà þáêàìè ˜ He was given
to much skirt-chasing in his day.
caught in the cross-fire
ìåæäó äâóõ îãíåé ˜ Teachers
say they are caught in the crossfire between the education establishment and the Government.
checks and balances
ñäåðæêè è ïðîòèâîâåñû ˜ A system of checks and balances exists
to ensure that our government is
truly democratic.
caviar(e) to the general
«äëÿ òîíêîãî ñëîÿ» (äëÿ
èçáðàííûõ) ˜ His poetry is appreciated by experts, but it is
caviare to the general. ˜ The
writer considered that many of his
books were just caviar to the
general.
cheek by jowl
áîê î áîê (ðÿäîì) ˜ Peace and
war exist cheek by jowl in the world
today.
chalk and cheese
íåáî è çåìëÿ; ëåä è ïëàìåíü
(ïîëíàÿ ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîñòü) ˜
Our relationship works because we
are very aware of our differences.
We accept that we are chalk and
cheese.
chew the fat
(inf)
òî÷èòü ëÿñû; ÷åñàòü ÿçûêè; òðåïàòüñÿ; áîëòàòü ˜ We used to
meet after work, and chew the fat
over coffee and doughnuts. ˜ We’d
been lounging around, chewing the
fat for a couple of hours.
chalk smth up to experience
íàìîòàòü íà óñ ˜ There is no
point in worrying about losing so
much money – you’ll just have to
chalk it up to experience.
chicken feed
(n)
êðîõè; êîïåéêè; ãðîøè ˜ Investments of $20,000 are chicken feed
to massive companies like IBM.
child’s play
äåòñêèå èãðóøêè; ïàðà ïóñòÿêîâ
˜ Climbing that hill is child’s play
to the experienced mountaineer.
change hands
ïåðåõîäèòü èç ðóê â ðóêè (ìåíÿòü õîçÿèíà) ˜ The masterpiece
changed hands many a time.
change one’s tune
(Am)
çàïåòü ïî-äðóãîìó ˜ The man
said he was innocent, but when
they found the stolen money in his
pocket he changed the tune.
chilled to the bone/marrow
ïðîäðîãøèé/ïðîìåðçøèé äî
êîñòåé ˜ I forgot my coat and came
home chilled to the marrow. ˜ After
skiing in the wind for five hours
straight, I was chilled to the bone.
change the channel
(Am)
ñìåíèòü ïëàñòèíêó/òåìó ˜ Let’s
change the channel here before
there is a fight.
chock-a-block
(inf adj)
áèòêîì íàáèò (äî îòêàçà) ˜ London is chock-a-block with tourists
at the moment.
49
chop and change
close ranks
ñîìêíóòü ðÿäû ˜ We can fight
this menace only if we close ranks.
chop and change
øàðàõàòüñÿ èç ñòîðîíû â ñòîðîíó (ðåçêî ìåíÿòü) ˜I never know
which doctor will be on duty when
I phone because they’re always
chopping and changing. ˜ After
chopping and changing for the first
year, Paul and Jamie have settled
down to a stable system of
management.
clock
(v)
òðåñíóòü ïî áàøêå ˜ Be quiet or
else I’ll clock you.
clutch at straws
õâàòàòüñÿ çà ñîëîìèíêó ˜ They
hoped the operation might save the
child’s life although they knew they
were clutching at straws.
chopsticks
(n)
ñîáà÷èé âàëüñ; ÷èæèê-ïûæèê ˜
Geff claimed he could play the piano
but all that Christine remembered
him performing was a poor version
of ‘chopsticks’ at a Christmas party.
cock-and-bull stories
îõîòíè÷üè ðàññêàçû; âðàêè; íåáûëèöû ˜ The tramp told a cockand-bull story about finding the
money hidden in a bottle behind a
tree in the park.
clap smb in gaol/jail
ïîñàäèòü çà ðåøåòêó; áðîñèòü â
òþðüìó ˜ Nowadays debtors are
not just clapped immediately into
jail/gaol.
cock-eyed/cockeyed
(adj)
ñèêîñü-íàêîñü; íàïåðåêîñÿê ˜
You’ve hung the painting all cockeyed. ˜ My uncle is eccentric and
has a cock-eyed view of the world.
claptrap
(n)
÷åïóõà íà ïîñòíîì ìàñëå; ÷óøü
ñîáà÷üÿ ˜ Aldogan’s claim that
his family are wealthy landowners
in Anatolia is all claptrap.
cold cash
(Am)
çâîíêàÿ ìîíåòà (íàëè÷íûå äåíüãè) ˜ We gave him half the money
in cold cash and wrote a cheque
for the rest.
clear the air
ïðîÿñíèòü ñèòóàöèþ; âíåñòè
ÿñíîñòü ˜ The quarrel had not
solved any problems, but at least
it had cleared the air.
cold comfort
ñëàáîå óòåøåíèå ˜ I could tell you
that he is as miserable as you are,
but that would be cold comfort.
climb the wall(s)
(inf)
íà ñòåíêó ëåçòü (îò ðàçäðàæåíèÿ); íå íàõîäèòü ñåáå ìåñòà;
ðâàòü è ìåòàòü ˜ I’d better get
along home, or Dad’ll be climbing
the wall, wondering what’s happened
to me. ˜ I was practically climbing
the walls at her stupidity.
cold turkey
(inf)
ëîìêà (ïåðèîä ïîñëå ðåçêîãî îòêàçà îò ïðèåìà íàðêîòèêîâ) ˜ I knew
I would have to go through cold turkey.
˜ The nurses are there to encourage
patients through cold turkey.
50
come up in the world
come down in buckets
ëèòü êàê èç âåäðà ˜ I can’t drive in
this rain – it’s coming down in buckets.
come a cropper
1. çàãðåìåòü; ðóõíóòü; ñâàëèòüñÿ ˜ Supermodel Naomi Campbell
came a cropper last week on the
catwalk of a Paris fashion show.
2. ïðîâàëèòüñÿ; íå ïîâåçòè;
ïîòåðïåòü íåóäà÷ó ˜ Jane was
out all night before her test. She
really came a cropper. ˜ The former
East German regime came a cropper because it couldn’t trust its own
people.
come down on smb like a ton
of bricks
îáðóøèòüñÿ, íàêèíóòüñÿ (ñ êðèòèêîé, ðóãàíüþ) ˜ I just asked
Diana if I could leave early tonight
and she came down on me like a
ton of bricks.
come hell or high water
ëþáîé öåíîé; âî ÷òî áû òî íè ñòàëî; êðîâü èç íîñó ˜ I am going to
get my autobiography published –
come hell or high water!
come apart at the seams
òðåùàòü ïî øâàì; ïðîâàëèòüñÿ
(î äåëå) ˜ When one of the gang
was stopped by the police, their
whole plan began to come apart at
the seams and they eventually had
to abandon it.
ñome to grips (with)
(Am)
ñïðàâèòüñÿ; îäîëåòü; ðåøèòåëüíî
âçÿòüñÿ ˜ Many students have a hard
time coming to grips with algebra. ˜
Mr Blake’s teaching helps students
come to grips with the important ideas
in the History lessons.
come away empty-handed (Am)
âîçâðàùàòüñÿ íåñîëîíî õëåáàâøè (íè ñ ÷åì) ˜ Go to the bank and
ask for the loan again. This time don’t
come away empty-handed.
come to one’s senses
áðàòüñÿ çà óì ˜ So you’ve finally
realized what a mistake you’re making. I wondered how long it would
take you to come to your senses.
come clean
(inf)
âûëîæèòü âñå íà÷èñòîòó/áåç
óòàéêè (ãîâîðèòü ïðàâäó) ˜ The
minister was asked to come clean
about the government’s intention to
increase taxes. ˜ The lawyer said,
“I can help you only if you come
clean with me.”
come to terms
ïðèìèðèòüñÿ; ñâûêíóòüñÿ ˜ He
managed to come to terms with his
illness.
come down/back to earth
ñïóñòèòüñÿ ñ íåáåñ íà çåìëþ ˜
We came down to earth with a
bump when we got back from our
holidays to find we had a burst pipe.
˜ They were thrilled when the baby
arrived but came back to earth
when he cried all night.
come under the hammer
ïîéòè ñ ìîëîòêà; ïóñòèòü ñ ìîëîòêà ˜ The Matisse still life came
under the hammer yesterday.
come up in the world
âûéòè â ëþäè; èäòè â ãîðó; ïðå51
come what may
óñïåâàòü ˜ He has really come up
in the world – he now owns a yacht.
made me prickly with shame from
head to foot.
come what may
êðîâü èç íîñó; âî ÷òî áû òî íè
ñòàëî; ëþáîé öåíîé ˜ I’ll be home
for the holidays, come what may.
could not care less/could care
less
íàïëåâàòü; íà÷õàòü; àáñîëþòíî
âñå ðàâíî ˜ Pick whatever dessert you want; I couldn’t care less.
˜ I could care less about the editor’s opinion.
cook smb’s goose
âûðûòü ê-ë ÿìó (èñïîðòèòü, íàâðåäèòü) ˜ By trying to nick my
girlfriend he cooked his goose.
After that I just had to sack him.
count one’s blessings
áëàãîäàðèòü Áîãà/ñóäüáó (çà
óäà÷ó, âåçåíèå) ˜ Every time I hear
of someone who is paralyzed, I feel
we should all count our blessings.
cook the books
âåñòè ëèïîâûå ñ÷åòà/äâîéíóþ
áóõãàëòåðèþ ˜ Jane was sent to
jail for cooking the books of her
mother’s store.
cover one’s tracks
ïðÿòàòü êîíöû â âîäó; çàìåòàòü
ñëåäû ˜ Robert covered his tracks
by throwing the knife in the river and
burying his wife’s body.
cost a bomb
ñòîèòü êó÷ó äåíåã/öåëîå ñîñòîÿíèå; îáîéòèñü â êîïåå÷êó ˜ The
wedding of my daughter cost me a
bomb.
crack a bottle
ðàçäàâèòü áóòûëî÷êó ˜ After
dinner we cracked a bottle of port
and smoked cigars.
cost a pretty penny
âëåòåòü â êîïåå÷êó; îáîéòèñü â
êðóãëåíüêóþ ñóììó; ñòîèòü öåëîå
ñîñòîÿíèå ˜ I’ll bet that diamond
cost a pretty penny.
crack a joke
îòïóñòèòü øóòêó; ñîñòðèòü ˜ The
comedian in the concert kept
cracking jokes.
cost an arm and a leg
âëåòåòü â êîïåå÷êó; îáîéòèñü â
êðóãëåíüêóþ ñóììó; ñòîèòü öåëîå
ñîñòîÿíèå ˜It cost us an arm and
a leg to get here. But it has been
worth every penny and more. ˜ A
week’s stay in that five-star hotel
cost us an arm and a leg.
ñrackdown
(n)
çàêðó÷èâàíèå ãàåê ˜ After a series of terrorist bombings in the
capital the prime minister ordered
a nationwide security crackdown.
crash
(v)
çàâèñíóòü; ðóõíóòü (î êîìïüþòåðå) ˜ The computer system
crashed amid widespread
accusations of fraud.
could have kicked oneself
êóñàòü (ñåáå) ëîêòè ˜ I could have
kicked myself. The mere thought
52
cry buckets
Claire; she’s cross as a bear this
morning.
crash the gate
ââàëèâàòüñÿ áåç ïðèãëàøåíèÿ ˜
Three boys tried to crash the gate at
our party but we didn’t let them in.
cross one’s mind
ïðèõîäèòü â ãîëîâó/íà óì ˜ The
thought that he was a criminal didn’t
cross my mind for one moment. ˜
It did cross my mind that she might
get lost, but I never seriously
thought she would.
creature comforts
áëàãà öèâèëèçàöèè; æèòåéñêèå
ðàäîñòè ˜ I hate camping. I can’t
do without my creature comforts. ˜
It is difficult to save money when
you’re fond of your creature comforts.
crew cut
(n)
åæèê (ñòðèæêà) ˜ Many boys like
to get crew cut during the summer
to keep cooler.
cross smb’s palm with silver
ïîçîëîòèòü ðó÷êó (äëÿ ãàäàíèÿ)
˜ Cross my palm with silver and I’ll
tell you something you’ll be pleased
to hear.
crib
(v)
ñäóâàòü (ñïèñûâàòü ñî øïàðãàëêè/ñ ó÷åáíèêà) ˜ Sharon’s exam
results were so unusually good that
she was suspected of cribbing.
cross smb’s path
ïîïàäàòüñÿ íà ãëàçà; ïåðåñåêàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë ˜ I used to see him
quite a lot, but he hasn’t crossed
my path at all recently.
crook one’s elbow
(Am)
ïðèêëàäûâàòüñÿ ê áóòûëêå;
íàêëþêàòüñÿ (íàïèòüñÿ) ˜ Bill is
known to crook his elbow now and
then.
cross that bridge when you
come to it
ïåðåæèâàòü íåïðèÿòíîñòè ïî
ìåðå èõ ïîñòóïëåíèÿ; íå çàãàäûâàòü íàïåðåä ˜ What if the flight
is delayed? – I’ll cross that bridge
when I come to it. ˜ You can’t make
me talk to you. – No, but the police
can. – I’ll cross that bridge when I
come to it.
crook one’s little finger
ïàëüöåì ïîìàíèòü ˜ I love the
cool way you assume that I’ve just
been sitting here waiting for you to
crook your little finger.
crown
(v)
òðåñíóòü ïî áàøêå ˜ The anglers
dragged the shark on deck and the
captain crowned it with a baseball bat.
cross a bridge before one
comes to it
çàãàäûâàòü íàïåðåä; çàðàíåå
ïåðåæèâàòü ˜ She’s always crossing bridges before coming to them.
She needs to learn to relax.
cry buckets
ëèòü ñëåçû ðó÷üåì; îáëèâàòüñÿ
ñëåçàìè; ïëàêàòü â òðè ðó÷üÿ ˜
The boy cried buckets when his dog
was killed.
cross as a bear
(Am)
çëîé êàê ÷åðò ˜ Stay away from
53
cry one’s eyes out
cut off one’s nose to spite one’s
face
ðóáèòü ñóê, íà êîòîðîì ñèäèøü
(íàêàçàòü ñàìîãî ñåáÿ) ˜ By refusing to work they are cutting off
their noses to spite their faces because the company will close down.
cry one’s eyes out
âûïëàêàòü ãëàçà ˜ She cried her
eyes out after his death.
cry uncle
(Am inf)
ñäàâàòüñÿ; ïðîñèòü ïîùàäû ˜
The other team was beating us, but
we wouldn’t cry uncle.
cut smb dead
â óïîð íå âèäåòü (èãíîðèðîâàòü)
˜ I must have offended her, because
last time we met she cut me dead.
cut and run
1. ðâàòü êîãòè; ñìàòûâàòü óäî÷êè; óëåïåòûâàòü ˜ Max decided to
cut and run when he heard the
police sirens.
2. âûéòè èç èãðû; óìûòü ðóêè ˜
When foreigners own property and
corporations in the US, they are
less likely to cut and run in bad
times, and more likely to invest
extra capital. ˜ When his business
started to fail, he decided to cut
and run, rather than face financial
ruin.
cut smb down to size
(inf)
ïîñòàâèòü íà ìåñòî ˜ I’ll cut this
cheeky young rascal down to size!
cut smb short
îáîðâàòü íà ïîëóñëîâå; ïåðåáèòü ˜ I introduced myself again
but he cut me short with a kindly
“of course”. ˜ When Dick began
to tell about his summer vacations,
the teacher cut him short, saying
“Tell us about that another time.”
cut both ways
ïàëêà î äâóõ êîíöàõ; èìåòü
ïëþñû è ìèíóñû ˜ People who
gossip find it cuts both ways. ˜
Remember that your suggestion
that costs should be shared cuts
both ways. You will have to pay as
well.
cut smb to the quick
óÿçâèòü; çàäåòü çà æèâîå ˜
Tom’s sharp words to Mary cut her
to the quick.
cut the Gordian knot
ðàçðóáèòü ãîðäèåâ óçåë (ðàäèêàëüíî ðåøèòü ïðîáëåìó) ˜ The
Gordian knot had been cut, and the
peace talks could begin.  The way
to socialism and democracy was a
Gordian knot which could not be
cut.
cut from the same cloth
ñäåëàíû èç îäíîãî òåñòà ˜ Despite differences in age and in experience, these two great writers are
cut from the same cloth.
cut it fine
óëîæèòüñÿ òþòåëüêà â òþòåëüêó
(òî÷íî ðàññ÷èòàòü) ˜ Tom always
cut it fine, arriving at the last
minute.
cut-throat
(adj)
áåñïîùàäíûé; íå íà æèçíü, à íà
ñìåðòü ˜ Our company is faced
with cut-throat competition.
54
delusions of grandeur
D
˜ She was dead beat after doing
her spring-cleaning.
daily bread
õëåá íàñóùíûé ˜ How can people
earn their daily bread in times when
there is not enough work?
dead in the water
ñåñòü íà ìåëü; ñòîÿòü íà ìåñòå ˜
So how does a government revive an
economy that is dead in the water?
dance attendance on smb
õîäèòü íà çàäíèõ ëàïêàõ ïåðåä
ê-ë ˜ She expects everyone to
dance attendance on her.
dead on one’s feet
ïàäàòü/âàëèòüñÿ îò óñòàëîñòè ˜
Mom was in the kitchen all day and
was dead on her feet.
dance to smb’s tune
èäòè íà ïîâîäó ó ê-ë; ïëÿñàòü
ïîä ÷üþ-òî äóäêó ˜ Powerful local
residents seem to have the council dancing to their tune.
dead set on smth
ãîðåòü æåëàíèåì, ñòðàñòíî æåëàòü; òâåðäî ðåøèòü ˜ I’m dead
set on going to America.
dead to the world
ñïàòü áåç çàäíèõ íîã/êàê óáèòûé
˜ When he arrived home at midnight
his wife was already dead to the world.
day in, day out
èçî äíÿ â äåíü ˜ Day in, day out
she has to look after the baby.
dead wood
áàëëàñò (íåíóæíûé ÷åëîâåê,
âåùü) ˜ This worker is a dead
wood and we’ll give him the boot. ˜
It’s time we brought these files up
to date. We’ll start by throwing out
all the dead wood.
daylight robbery
(fig)
ãðàáåæ ñðåäè áåëà äíÿ ˜ Asking $15 for a book like that is daylight robbery.
days are numbered
äíè ñî÷òåíû ˜ If she continues
to behave like that, her days in this
firm are numbered.
deep down
â ãëóáèíå äóøè ˜ You always
liked me deep down.
dead and buried
áûëüåì ïîðîñëî ˜ No one ever
talks about Uncle Joe’s prison sentence any more. That’s all dead and
buried.
deep pockets
(Am inf)
òîëñòîñóì; áîãà÷ ˜ Deep pockets
are often asked for money, especially for loans.
dead beat
(inf)
çàãíàííûé; èçìî÷àëåííûé; èçìó÷åííûé; âàëèòüñÿ îò óñòàëîñòè/
áåç ñèë ˜ That horse was dead
beat before the race even began.
delusions of grandeur
ìàíèÿ âåëè÷èÿ ˜ Young bands
sometimes get delusions of grandeur after their No.1 hit.
55
demolish (a meal)
worries disappeared into the blue.
demolish (a meal)
óìÿòü; ñìîëîòèòü; óïëåòàòü ˜
I demolished the whole cake on my
own.
divide and rule
ðàçäåëÿé è âëàñòâóé ˜ We are
still sruggling to overcome the vestiges of the feudal order and of the
communism, which was encouraged
by the policy of ‘divide and rule’.
devil-may-care
íàïëåâàòåëüñêèé; áåñøàáàøíûé; áåççàáîòíûé ˜ Johny has a
devil-may-care feeling about his
school work. ˜ Alfred was a devilmay-care youth but became more
serious as he grew older.
do a snow job on smb
(Am inf)
âåøàòü ëàïøó íà óøè; ïóäðèòü/
êîìïîñòèðîâàòü ìîçãè ˜ Danny’ll
need to do a snow job on his Dad if
he’s going to borrow the car again.
dig one’s heels in
çààðòà÷èòüñÿ; óïåðåòüñÿ (ðîãîì);
çàóïðÿìèòüñÿ ˜ We suggested it
would be quicker to fly, but she dug
her heels in and insisted on taking
the train.
do a split
ðàñòÿíóòüñÿ (ïîñêîëüçíóòüñÿ è
óïàñòü) ˜ The pavements àre very
icy today – I nearly did the splits
twice on the way to work.
dig up dirt on smb
êîïàòüñÿ/ðûòüñÿ â ãðÿçíîì
áåëüå (èñêàòü êîìïðîìàò) ˜ No
effort is being spared to dig up dirt
on the enemy.
do a vanishing trick
èñïàðèòüñÿ; ñëèíÿòü; ñìûòüñÿ ˜
That fraudster sets up false companies to get people’s money, and
does a vanishing trick.
digs
(inf)
óãîë; ìåáëèðîâàííûå êîìíàòû;
æèëüå âíàåì ˜ It is difficult to find
digs in this town, because students
have taken up most cheap
accommodation.
do one’s best
ïðèëàãàòü âñå óñèëèÿ; ñòàðàòüñÿ
èçî âñåõ ñèë ˜ Her children do their
best to remember all they learn.
dirt cheap
(inf)
ñòîèòü êîïåéêè; äàðîì ˜ You
can buy such second-hand clothes
dirt cheap on the bazaar. ˜ In
Northern Europe gardeners pay high
prices for plants that are dirt cheap
in their countries of origin.
do one’s bit
âíåñòè ñâîþ ëåïòó ˜ I always try
to do my bit. How can I help this time?
do one’s business
äåëàòü ñâîè «äåëèøêè» (î ñîáàêå íà âûãóëå) ˜ The neighbour’s dog
has done its business on our lawn.
disappear into the blue
èñïàðèòüñÿ; ðàñòàÿòü (èñ÷åçíóòü) ˜ When he saw her all his
do or die
ïàí èëè ïðîïàë; áûëà íå áûëà
56
double Dutch
do time
ìîòàòü ñðîê (ñèäåòü â òþðüìå)
˜ He’s doing time in Bentonville.
˜ He knows it’s do or die, so he
has been working very hard.
do smb a bad turn
îêàçàòü ìåäâåæüþ óñëóãó (íàâðåäèòü) ˜ You did me a bad turn
by advising me to buy these shares.
dodder
(v)
êîâûëÿòü (ñ òðóäîì ïåðåäâèãàòüñÿ) ˜ An old woman was doddering along the path.
do smb a good turn
ñäåëàòü äîáðîå äåëî; îêàçàòü
óñëóãó ˜ He helped me to find a
job and I later thanked him for doing me a good turn.
dog
(v)
õîäèòü ïî ïÿòàì ˜ My ex-boyfriend
has been dogging my steps all day.
dog days
(Am)
ìåðòâûé ñåçîí (î ïðîäàæàõ) ˜
Every winter there’s a week or two
of dog days when sales drop dramatically.
do smb/smth credit
äåëàòü ÷åñòü ˜ Your honesty
does you credit.
do smb dirt
(Am inf)
ïîäëîæèòü ñâèíüþ ˜ Mack really did me dirt – he stopped me
from getting promotion.
doodle
(v)
ðèñîâàòü êàðàêóëè ˜ Throughout
the lecture, she sat doodling and
looking out the window.
do smb good
èäòè íà ïîëüçó ˜ A trip to London will do you good.
dot one’s i’s and cross one’s t’s
íè÷åãî íå óïóñêàòü èç âèäó;
ïðîâåðÿòü âñå äî ìåëî÷åé ˜ She
makes a good organizer because
she is always careful to dot her i’s
and cross her t’s. ˜ She writes
highly accurate reports – she always dots her i’s and crosses her
t’s.
do smb the world of good
ïðèíåñòè îãðîìíóþ ïîëüçó ˜ We
had a week away in the sun and it’s
done us both the world of good.
do smth blindfolded
íå ãëÿäÿ (íå ïðèëàãàÿ óñèëèé);
îäíîé ëåâîé ˜ An excellent carpenter, he could do just anything
blindfolded.
double-cross
(v)
âåñòè äâîéíóþ èãðó (îáìàíûâàòü) ˜ If you double-cross me
again, I’ll kill you.
do the dirty on smb
(inf)
ïîäëîæèòü ñâèíüþ; ñûãðàòü
çëóþ øóòêó ˜ Meteorological forecasts were good, but on the day
the weather did the dirty on us and
we got soaking wet.
double Dutch
êèòàéñêàÿ ãðàìîòà; òàðàáàðùèíà ˜ I couldn’t understand what he
was saying – it was double Dutch
to me.
57
dough
ees said the mayor had promised
to raise their pay, but was now dragging his feet. ˜ The children wanted
to watch TV, and dragged their feet
when their mother told them to go
to bed.
dough
(Am n)
«áàáêè», «êàïóñòà» (äåíüãè) ˜
They earn a lot of dough there.
down in the dumps/mouth (inf)
êàê â âîäó îïóùåííûé; ïîäàâëåííûé ˜ You haven’t been refused the job yet – don’t look so
down in the mouth! ˜ Things hadn’t
been going so well for her at work
and she was feeling a bit down in
the dumps.
draw a veil over
îáõîäèòü ìîë÷àíèåì; óìàë÷èâàòü ˜ Louise drew a veil over the
accounting errors. ˜ We’ll draw a
veil over your recent bad behaviour,
but I must warn you that if this happens again you’ll be punished.
down the drain/tube
(inf)
êîòó/ïñó ïîä õâîñò ˜ My catering firm is going down the drain
because of competition. ˜ If he
failed the test, his chances would
go down the tube.
Dr Clever Dick/clever dick
ïðîôåññîð êèñëûõ ùåé; âñåçíàéêà; óìíèê ˜Abdulla is one of
those clever dicks just out of college
who think they know better than
other, more experienced engineers.
down the hatch
(inf)
ïåé äî äíà! ˜ John raised his
glass of beer and said, “Down the
hatch!”
drenched to the skin
(adj)
äî íèòî÷êè ïðîìîêøèé ˜ They
got caught in a thunderstorm and
finally arrived home drenched to the
skin.
down-at-heel
down-at-the-heel
(Am)
çàõóäàëûé; îáâåòøàëûé (î çäàíèè); ïîòåðòûé; ïîòðåïàííûé (îá
îäåæäå è ëþäÿõ) ˜ When I first
met her she was down-at-heel but
still respectable. ˜ Tom’s house
needs paint. It looks down-at-heel.
˜ The play was set in a down-atthe-heel hotel in post-war Germany.
dressed to kill/to the nines
(Am)
ðàçîäåòûé â ïóõ è ïðàõ ˜ For
the opening of the restaurant she
was dressed to kill. ˜ At the opera
everyone was dressed to the nines.
drink like a fish
íå ïðîñûõàòü; áåñïðîáóäíî ïèòü
˜ He’s a kindly man, but he drinks
like a fish and is quite unreliable.
down-to-earth
çäðàâîìûñëÿùèé, ïðàêòè÷íûé ˜
Mr Jenkin never seems to know
what is happening around him, but
his wife is friendly and down-to-earth.
drink smb under the table (inf)
ïåðåïèòü ê-ë (óìåòü âûïèòü
áîëüøå) ˜ I like a few beers but
Mel can drink me under the table.
drag one’s heels/feet
(Am)
òÿíóòü ðåçèíó ˜ The city employ58
drunk as a coot/a skunk
˜ Branka dropped a clanger at work
with her criticism of Americans; she
didn’t know that the boss’s wife is
American. ˜ I was dismissed from
my job because I had dropped a
few bricks in front of some
important customers.
drunk out of one’s mind/senses
íàïèòüñÿ äî ÷åðòèêî⠘ The
bandsmen were drunk out of their
minds and couldn’t play the tune.
drive a hard bargain
æåñòêî òîðãîâàòüñÿ; íå óñòóïàòü; ñîâåðøàòü âûãîäíóþ ñäåëêó ˜ I saved $200 by driving a hard
bargain when I bought my new car.
drop a line
÷åðêíóòü ïàðó ñòðîê ˜ Be sure
to drop us a line and let us know
your new address.
drive a wedge between smb
âáèòü êëèí ˜ This is a clear attempt to drive a wedge between the
USA and its western allies.
drop dead
(Am sl)
ïðîâàëèâàòü; óáèðàòüñÿ ïðî÷ü
˜ When Sally bumped into Kate’s
desk and spilled ink for the fifth
time, Kate told her to drop dead.
drive smb bananas/nuts (inf)
äîâåñòè äî áåëîãî êàëåíèÿ;
âûâåñòè èç ñåáÿ ˜ His habitual
lateness drives me bananas. ˜ These
slovenly workmen drive me nuts.
drop-dead
(Am sl adj)
îòïàäíûé; ñíîãñøèáàòåëüíûé ˜
Her exquisite figure was shown off to
the full in a drop-dead black dress.
drive smb crazy
áåñèòü; ðàçäðàæàòü ˜ All these
telephone calls are driving me crazy.
drop names
êîçûðÿòü èìåíàìè çíàìåíèòîñòåé (íåâçíà÷àé óïîìèíàòü) ˜ If
you want to widen your clientele, try
dropping a few names – it always
works with potential customers. ˜
Her habit of dropping names made
everyone very skeptical about her
veracity.
drive the final nail in the coffin
ïîëîæèòü êîíåö; ïîñòàâèòü òî÷êó
˜ I think that argument drove the final
nail in the coffin of our friendship. ˜
Historians may well record the past
three days in Moscow as driving the
final nail into the coffin of more than
seventy years of Soviet communism.
drown one’s sorrow
çàëèòü ãîðå âèíîì ˜ Ah well,
since neither of us won the competition, let’s go and drown our sorrows together.
drop a bombshell
îãîðîøèòü; îøàðàøèòü ˜ He
dropped a bombshell on my grandmother and me by telling us that
on no account were we to risk the
journey to Norway this summer.
drunk as a coot/a skunk
â ñòåëüêó/ìåðòâåöêè ïüÿí ˜ He
went out to a reunion last night and
came home as drunk as a skunk. ˜
drop a brick/a clanger
ëÿïíóòü; äîïóñòèòü áåñòàêòíîñòü
59
dull as ditchwater/dishwater
I heard he was drunk as a coot last
night and got into a big fight at Toby’s.
˜ It’s amazing that Mary is so thin,
because she eats like a horse.
dull as ditchwater/dishwater
òîñêà çåëåíàÿ (ñêó÷íûé, çàíóäíûé) ˜ The lecture was as dull as
ditchwater.
eat one’s head off
åñòü îò ïóçà; íàáèâàòü æèâîò
(îáúåäàòüñÿ) ˜ People suffering
from bulimia eat their heads off in
secret.
dunk
(inf v)
ìàêàòü (â ñîóñ, ÷àé) ˜ Dunking
biscuits into coffee is not considered good etiquette.
eat one’s heart out
÷àõíóòü; ñîõíóòü; òîñêîâàòü;
òåðçàòüñÿ ˜ My young son is eating his heart out over a girl who lives
just down the street. ˜ The little
girl was eating her heart out because she was not allowed to have
a dog.
Dutch courage
õðàáðîñòü âî õìåëþ ˜ He drank
a glass of wine for Dutch courage
before he went to see his employer
about his pay rise.
eat one’s words
âçÿòü ñâîè ñëîâà îáðàòíî ˜
John was wrong about the election
and had to eat his words.
dyed-in-the-wool
(adj)
ìàõðîâûé; çàêîðåíåëûé; ñòîïðîöåíòíûé ˜ Walter Ulbricht was
a dyed-in-the-wool communist. ˜
He spoke as a dyed-in-the-wool
aristocrat himself.
eat out of smb’s hand
ñìîòðåòü â ðîò (ïîëíîñòüþ ïîä÷èíÿòüñÿ) ˜ The boys love their
new teacher. She has them eating
out of her hand already and they do
whatever she tells them. ˜ He has
the press eating out of his hand.
E
earn by the sweat of one’s brow
ðàáîòàòü äî ñåäüìîãî ïîòà; çàðàáàòûâàòü ñâîèì ãîðáîì ˜
Whatever I’ve got in life I’ve had to
earn by the sweat of my brow.
eke out a living
ñâîäèòü êîíöû ñ êîíöàìè ˜ The
islanders eked out a living by fishing and growing potatoes.
easy mark
(Am)
easy meat
ëåãêàÿ äîáû÷à (äîâåð÷èâûå
ëþäè) ˜ Bill is known to all the
neighbourhood beggars as an easy
mark. ˜ Old people are easy meat
for fraudsters.
elbow one’s way
ïðîáèâàòü ñåáå äîðîãó; ïðîêëàäûâàòü ñåáå ïóòü ˜ I don’t want to
elbow my way to the top like you did
and lose all my friends on the way.
elbow room
ñâîáîäà ðóê/äåéñòâèé ˜ The
eat like a horse
åñòü â òðè ãîðëà; åñòü çà òðîèõ
60
fall from grace
F
President should be given as much
elbow room as he needs to solve
these international problems.
face the music
(inf)
äåðæàòü îòâåò (ðàñïëà÷èâàòüñÿ
çà ñâîè äåéñòâèÿ) ˜ When the
missing money was noticed, he
chose to disappear rather than face
the music. ˜ George knew his
mother would cry when he told her,
but he decided to go home and face
the music.
enough to try the patience of
a saint/Job
âûâåñòè èç ñåáÿ (êîãî óãîäíî) ˜
I tried to talk to him sensibly and
reasonably, but his rudeness was
enough to try the patience of a
saint.
escape by the skin of one’s teeth
åäâà/ñ òðóäîì óíåñòè íîãè ˜ Our
correspondent in Saigon escaped by
the skin of his teeth on one of the
last US army helicopters.
fair and square
(adv)
ïðÿìî; ÷åñòíî; áåç îáìàíà ˜ I’ll
tell you fair and square the state of
my finances.
fair to middling
ñåðåäèíêà íà ïîëîâèíêó; òàê
ñåáå ˜ What’s your French like? –
Oh, fair to middling.
everything but the kitchen sink
(humor)
âîç è ìàëåíüêàÿ òåëåæêà ˜ We
were only going away for the weekend, but Jack insisted on taking
everything but the kitchen sink.
fall apart at the seams
òðåùàòü ïî âñåì øâàì; ðàçâàëèâàòüñÿ ˜ For a while it seemed
that the whole Asian economy was
just falling apart at the seams.
every inch
äî ìîçãà êîñòåé; äî êîí÷èêîâ
íîãòåé ˜ He looked well-bred and
every inch a gentleman.
every Tom, Dick and/or Harry
êòî ïîïàëî; ïåðâûé âñòðå÷íûéïîïåðå÷íûé; íåèçâåñòíî êòî ˜
But you can’t go on holiday with any
Tom, Dick or Harry you happen to
meet! ˜ I want a qualified plumber
to do the job, not just any Tom,
Dick or Harry.
fall flat on one’s face
ïðîâàëèòüñÿ; íå èìåòü óñïåõà;
ñåñòü â ëóæó ˜ The new scheme
fell flat on its face in spite of all the
financial support that was given. ˜
It’s always amusing to see a newscaster fall flat on his face. ˜ I may
fall flat on my face or it may be a
glorious end to my career.
eye-wash/eyewash
(n)
î÷êîâòèðàòåëüñòâî ˜ The smoothvoiced salesman’s talk was nothing but eyewash; I didn’t let him
cheat me.
fall from grace
ïîïàñòü â íåìèëîñòü ˜ The
king’s chief minister fell from grace
and was given no further part in
political affairs.
61
fall head over heels in love
fall on stony ground
íå ïîëó÷èòü îòêëèêà; îñòàòüñÿ
áåç âíèìàíèÿ ˜ I warned the
children not to go near the river but
my words seemed to fall on stony
ground. ˜ Dire warnings about the
effects on public services fell on
stony ground.
fall head over heels in love
âëþáèòüñÿ ïî óøè ˜ It was obvious that Alan had fallen head over
heels in love with Veronica.
fall into place
âñòàòü íà ñâîè ìåñòà (ñòàòü
ïîíÿòíûì) ˜ Once we knew he had
been in jail, his strange remarks
and behaviour fell into place.
fall over oneself
ðàçáèòüñÿ â ëåïåøêó; èç êîæè âîí
ëåçòü ˜ As soon as the film star
appeared in the restaurant, all the
waiters fell over themselves to see
that she had everything she wanted.
fall into smb’s clutches
ïîïàñòü â ëàïû ˜ He fell into the
clutches of a nationalist terrorist
group.
fall into smb’s lap
ñâàëèòüñÿ ñ íåáà (î íåîæèäàííîé óäà÷å, ïðèÿòíîé íåîæèäàííîñòè); ïëûòü â ðóêè ˜ You can’t
expect the ideal job to just fall into
your lap – you’ve got to go out there
and look for it. ˜ When Jane came
to live in Colchester she had no
trouble getting a job or a flat. Everything just fell into her lap.
fall short of
îêàçàòüñÿ íå íà âûñîòå; íå
îïðàâäàòü íàäåæä/îæèäàíèé ˜
The movie fell short of expectations.
˜ His skills fell short of the required
standards.
fall on deaf ears
ïðîïóñòèòü ìèìî óøåé; íîëü
âíèìàíèÿ; îñòàòüñÿ áåç âíèìàíèÿ
˜ His advice fell on deaf ears. ˜
My complaints about the dirty
sheets in our hotel room seem to
have fallen on deaf ears so far.
far from it
êóäà òàì; îòíþäü; ñîâñåì íå òàê
˜ It is not the most attractive pattern I have seen. Far from it!
fancy oneself
çàäàâàòüñÿ; âîîáðàæàòü ˜ He
fancies himself as an orator.
far-fetched
(adj)
ïðèòÿíóòûé çà óøè ˜ The theory
is too far-fetched to be considered.
fall on one’s feet
áûòü âåçóí÷èêîì; ïëûòü â ðóêè;
îòäåëàòüñÿ ëåãêèì èñïóãîì ˜
Everything I want, she got: good
marriage, good home, nice children.
While I struggle through life, she
falls on her feet. ˜ Don’t worry about
Joe’s losing his job two years in a
row – he always falls on his feet.
fat chance
êàê áû íå òàê; äåðæè êàðìàí
øèðå; ÷åðòà ñ äâà ˜ Do you think
your Dad’ll drive us to the disco? –
Fat chance!
fate worse than death (humor)
«âåñåëåíüêàÿ» ïåðñïåêòèâà ˜
62
fish for a compliment
fetch and carry
áûòü íà ïîáåãóøêàõ; íà ïîäõâàòå ˜ The old lady wanted someone to fetch and carry for her, as
she could no longer walk very well.
When you’re 16, an evening at
home with your parents is a fate
worse than death.
feather one’s nest
íàáèâàòü êàðìàí; ãðåòü ðóêè íà
÷-ë (íàæèâàòüñÿ) ˜ All the time he
has been a member of the committee he has been feathering his
own nest.
few and far between
ïî ïàëüöàì ìîæíî ñîñ÷èòàòü;
ðàç, äâà è îá÷åëñÿ ˜ Get some
gasoline now. Service stations on
this highway are few and far between.
fed up to the back teeth
(inf)
ñûò ïî ãîðëî ˜ I’m fed up to the
back teeth with this routine work.
I need a challenge.
fight a losing battle
âåñòè íåðàâíûé áîé; èãðàòü
çàâåäîìî ïðîèãðûøíóþ ïàðòèþ ˜
The medical profession is still fighting a losing battle against cancer.
feed smb to the lions
áðîñèòü íà ïðîèçâîë ñóäüáû;
îòäàòü íà ðàñòåðçàíèå ˜ Nobody
prepared me for the audience’s
hostility – I really felt I’d been fed
to the lions.
fight tooth and nail
áèòüñÿ/áîðîòüñÿ íå íà æèçíü, à
íà ñìåðòü ˜ They fought tooth and
nail to retain our share of the business.
feel free
íå ñòåñíÿéòåñü ˜ Feel free to
borrow the car whenever you need
it. ˜ Help yourself to the food! Feel
free!
filthy lucre
ïðåçðåííûé ìåòàëë (î äåíüãàõ)
˜ Inside that safe – packets and
packets of lovely, filthy lucre.
feel no pain
(Am inf)
ïîä ãðàäóñîì (íàïèòüñÿ) ˜ After
a few drinks, the man felt no pain
and began to act foolishly.
find oneself out in the cold
îñòàòüñÿ íå ó äåë/çà áîðòîì ˜
Everybody made plans for Christmas Day and Mary found herself out
in the cold.
feel one’s way
ïðîùóïàòü îáñòàíîâêó ˜ I won’t
ask her to marry me directly, I will
feel my way.
fingers itch (to do smth)
ðóêè ÷åøóòñÿ ˜ I watched him
mend the car knowing that he would
not let me help, though my fingers
itched to try.
feel smth in one’s bones
÷óÿòü íóòðîì ˜ Everything
seemed to be going well, but I could
feel it in my bones that something
was wrong.
fish for a compliment
íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ/íàáèâàòüñÿ íà
63
fish in troubled/muddy waters
2. ñïÿòèòü; áûòü íå â ñâîåì óìå
˜ When he offered me three times
the pay I was getting, I thought he
had flipped his lid.
êîìïëèìåíò ˜ When she showed
me her new dress, I could tell that
she was fishing for a compliment.
fish in troubled/muddy waters
ëîâèòü ðûáó â ìóòíîé âîäå
(íàæèâàòüñÿ) ˜ During the war, his
company had been quietly fishing
in troubled waters by selling electronic communication systems to
both sides.
flog
(v)
ñáûòü; ñáàãðèòü (ïðîäàòü ïðèîáðåòåííîå íå÷åñòíûì ïóòåì) ˜
He flogged a stolen car at a low price.
flourish like the green bay tree
ïðîöâåòàòü; öâåñòè è ïàõíóòü ˜
The wicked, he thought, did in fact
flourish like the green bay tree.
five o’clock shadow
ùåòèíà (íà ëèöå ê êîíöó äíÿ) ˜
My beard grows faster than other
men’s. – How do you know that? –
Because I always get a five o’clock
shadow by two in the afternoon.
flump
(v)
ïëþõíóòüñÿ ˜ On arriving home
from work, Helga would flump down
into an armchair with a glass of
sherry.
flat broke
(inf)
áåç ãðîøà; íà ìåëè ˜ Rik is
usually flat broke about five days
after pay day.
flunk (an exam)
çàâàëèòü (ýêçàìåí) ˜ The number of students flunking Maths has
increased dramatically.
flat out
(Am adv inf)
1. íà áåøåíîé ñêîðîñòè; â áåøåíîì òåìïå ˜ The Porsche was
going flat out down the Autobahn.
˜ The decorators have been working flat out to get the job finished.
2. â ëîá; áåç öåðåìîíèé (ïðÿìî)
˜ He called up and flat out asked
if I was having an affair with Bob.
fly a kite
çàáðîñèòü óäî÷êó ˜ Maria was
keen on a dog so over dinner she
flew a kite by mentioning that guard
dogs often prevent burglaries.
fleece
(v)
îáîáðàòü êàê ëèïêó ˜ Unless you
have expert knowledge, you can
easily get fleeced by antiquedealers selling realistic imitations.
fly in the face/teeth of
áðîñàòü âûçîâ; èäòè âðàçðåç ˜
She’s the sort of woman who
opposes everything on principle and
loves to fly in the face of convention.
˜ They went out without permission,
flying in the teeth of house rules.
flip one’s lid
(inf sl)
1. ñ öåïè ñîðâàòüñÿ (îò çëîñòè);
êèïÿòèòüñÿ ˜ She’ll flip her lid when
she finds out what’s been going on.
fly off the handle
âûéòè èç ñåáÿ; âñïûëèòü; ñîðâàòüñÿ ˜ He really flew off the handle
when I suggested selling the house.
64
forty winks
houses, which have been sold by
councils for a song.
fly the nest
óëåòåòü èç ðîäíîãî ãíåçäà; ðàçëåòåòüñÿ ˜ All my children have
grown up and flown the nest. ˜
Once the kids have all flown the
nest we might sell the house and
move somewhere smaller.
for all one is worth
`
÷òî áûëî ñèëû/ìî÷è
˜ As the
intruder crawled through the window,
Myra hit him for all she was worth
with a vase.
follow in smb’s footsteps
ïîéòè ïî ñòîïàì ˜ My friend’s
daughter decided to follow in her
father’s footsteps and become a
politician.
for all the tea in China
íè çà êàêèå êîâðèæêè; íè çà ÷òî
íà ñâåòå ˜ I wouldn’t be married
to that nasty man for all the tea in
China!
follow one’s nose
1. èäòè íàïðÿìèê ˜ Oh, I don’t
know just where I want to go; I’ll
just follow my nose and see what
happens.
2. ïðèñëóøèâàòüñÿ ê âíóòðåííåìó ãîëîñó (ðåøàòü ïî õîäó äåëà,
ïî ñèòóàöèè) ˜ As far as
recruitment is concerned, I tend to
follow my nose. I meet someone
for an informal interview and see if
I like them.
for old times’ sake
ïî ñòàðîé ïàìÿòè; ðàäè ñòàðîé
äðóæáû ˜ I spent my childhood in
Worcester. I’d like to go back there
one day – for old times’ sake. ˜ Do
you want to have lunch together
sometime, just for old times’ sake?
for one’s pains
çà òðóäû; â ðåçóëüòàòå ˜ She
looked after him for years, but she
got nothing for her pains. ˜ And all
he got for his pains was a failing grade.
footloose and fancy-free
(old-fash)
ñâîáîäíûé êàê âåòåð/ïòèöà ˜
Jane’s planning to go to parties and
clubs every night now that she’s
footloose and fancy-free.
forbidden fruit
(bibl)
çàïðåòíûé ïëîä ˜ Forbidden fruit
is always sweetest and there are
some people who enjoy sex more if
they feel guilty.
for a rainy day
íà ÷åðíûé äåíü (î äåíüãàõ) ˜
I don’t spend my whole salary – I
put some in the bank for a rainy day.
force smb’s hand
âûíóäèòü (ñäåëàòü ÷-ë) ˜ I didn’t
want to sack him – but he forced
my hand by always being late.
for a song
(inf)
ïî äåøåâêå; çà áåñöåíîê; çà ãðîøè ˜ In Krakov I found a shop where
antiques were going for a song. ˜ I
know of good, solid, stone-built
forty winks
(inf)
ñîñíóòü; âçäðåìíóòü (äíåâíîé
ñîí) ˜ Grandmother always likes to
have forty winks after her dinner.
65
four-eyes
fresh/new blood
ñâåæàÿ ñòðóÿ ˜ He has brought
vital new blood to the football team.
four-eyes
(n)
î÷êàðèê ˜ Edward had worn
spectacles since his early childhood and was used to the nickname of ‘four-eyes’.
fret and fume
ðâàòü è ìåòàòü; êèïÿòèòüñÿ (âîçìóùàòüñÿ) ˜ He spent ten minutes
at the phone while others fretted
and fumed.
fourth estate
÷åòâåðòàÿ âëàñòü (ïðåññà) ˜ Victoria was an experienced journalist
and enjoyed her career working for
the so-called fourth estate.
frogmarch
(v)
âûâîëî÷ü; ïèõíóòü; âòîëêíóòü
(çàëîìèâ ðóêè çà ñïèíó) ˜ The
unruly prisoner was frogmarched
back to his cell by wardens.
fraught with danger
÷ðåâàòûé îïàñíîñòüþ ˜ The
route across the bandit-infested
mountains of Kashmir was fraught
with danger.
from A to Z
îò À äî ß; äîñêîíàëüíî ˜ He has
studied the subject from A to Z.
freebie/freebee
(n)
íà äàðìîâùèíêó; çàäàðìà (÷àñòî áåñïëàòíûé ïîäàðîê îò ôèðìû) ˜ You don’t have to pay for this
T-shirt; it’s one of our freebies.
from the horse’s mouth
èç ïåðâûõ ðóê/óñò ˜ I got that story
straight from the horse’s mouth.
free, gratis, and for nothing
(humor)
äàðîì (ñîâåðøåííî áåñïëàòíî);
â ïðèäà÷ó ˜ Yours for free, gratis,
and for nothing, this set of wooden
spoons when you buy this bowl.
from the top drawer
èç âûñøåãî îáùåñòâà ˜ Caroline
liked to pretend that she came from
the very top drawer of society.
frozen to the bone/marrow
ïðîäðîãøèé/ïðîìåðçøèé äî
êîñòåé ˜ I forgot my coat and came
home frozen to the marrow. ˜ After
skiing in the wind for five hours
straight, I was frozen to the bone.
free-for-all
(Am inf)
ñâàëêà, íåðàçáåðèõà, ïîòàñîâêà
(äðàêà) ˜ On the first day of the
sale, a dispute between two customers over some half-price china
ended in a free-for-all.
full blast
(inf adv)
íà âñþ êàòóøêó; íà ïîëíóþ
ìîùíîñòü ˜ I’d sit by myself in the
middle of his living room floor with
the stereo going full blast.
freeze
(v)
çàâèñíóòü (î êîìïüþòåðå) ˜ As
the deadline approached, I feared
that my computer would freeze
and that I would be late with my
story.
full of beans
áèòü ÷åðåç êðàé (îá ýíåðãèè) ˜
66
get butterflies (in one’s stomach)
ïîíèìàíèå ˜ You can’t seem to
get a handle on what I’m saying. ˜
We need to get a better handle on
the effects of climate change.
George is usually fairly slow and lethargic but today he’s full of beans.
G
get a kick out of smth (Am inf)
ëîâèòü êàéô; òàùèòüñÿ; áàëäåòü
˜ Some perverse teenagers get
a kick out of vandalism.
gain the upper hand
âçÿòü âåðõ íàä ê-ë; îäîëåòü;
ïîëó÷èòü ïðåèìóùåñòâî ˜ Diplomats believe it is still far from clear
which side is gaining the upper hand
in the economic debate.
get a word in edgewise/edgeways
ââåðíóòü/âñòàâèòü ñëîâå÷êî;
âñòðÿòü â ðàçãîâîð ˜ She couldn’t
get a word in edgeways – those two
kept shouting at each other.
gall and wormwood
íîæ îñòðûé ˜ The mere mention
of another artist’s success was gall
and wormwood to Petersen, starving for recognition.
get above oneself
çàäèðàòü íîñ; âàæíè÷àòü; çàãîðäèòüñÿ ˜ She’s got a bit above herself since she went to live in London.
gawp
(v)
ïÿëèòüñÿ; ãëàçåòü ˜ The villagers
had never seen a hovercraft before,
and they stood around gawping at it.
get along/on like a house on
fire
âñïûõíóòü (î ñèìïàòèÿõ); áûñòðî
ïîäðóæèòüñÿ ˜ I’d never met Carla
before. But as soon as we met we
got along like a house on fire.
get a buzz out of smth
(Am inf)
ëîâèòü êàéô; òàùèòüñÿ; áàëäåòü
˜ I get a buzz out of photographing rare birds.
get away from it all
ñìåíèòü îáñòàíîâêó; áðîñèòü âñå
äåëà ˜ The politician tried to get
away from it all at the weekend when
he went with his family to the country.
get a foot in the door
ñäåëàòü ïåðâûé øàã (íà ïîïðèùå); çàöåïèòüñÿ; âíåäðèòüñÿ
(íà÷àòü ðàáîòàòü) ˜ I know it’s a
good company. I just want to get a
foot in the door and with any luck
I can work my way up.
get back on one’s feet
ñíîâà âñòàòü íà íîãè; îáðåñòè
ïî÷âó ïîä íîãàìè ˜ My parents
helped me a lot when I lost my job.
I’m glad I’m back on my feet now.
get a grip on oneself
âçÿòü ñåáÿ â ðóêè ˜ Get a grip
on yourself or the reporters will give
you a hard time.
get butterflies (in one’s stomach)
ïîä ëîæå÷êîé ñîñåò (îò ñòðàõà,
get a handle on smth (Am inf)
èìåòü ÷åòêîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå/
67
get canned/tanked
Harry usually keeps the kids occupied so they don’t get in my hair
while I’m cooking.
ãîëîäà) ˜ She always gets butterflies before she goes on stage.
get canned/tanked
íàáðàòüñÿ, íàäðàòüñÿ, íàïèòüñÿ
˜ He got canned in the bar.
get in touch with smb
ñâÿçàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë; íàëàäèòü
êîíòàêò ˜ I’ll get in touch with you
again about this matter.
get cold feet
ñòðóñèòü, èñïóãàòüñÿ; äóøà â
ïÿòêè óøëà ˜ The poor girl was left
standing there at the altar! Why
didn’t you come? – I thought about
it and decided I just wasn’t ready to
get married. I got cold feet.
get into hot water(s)
âëèïíóòü (íàâëå÷ü íà ñåáÿ áåäó/
íåïðèÿòíîñòü) ˜ John got himself
into hot water by being late.
get into one’s stride
ïðèíèìàòüñÿ çà äåëî âñåðüåç;
ðàçâåðíóòüñÿ ïî-íàñòîÿùåìó ˜
She began writing novels in the
1930s but really only got into her
stride after the war.
get even with smb
â ðàñ÷åòå; ðàñêâèòàòüñÿ; êâèòû
˜ Jack is waiting to get even with
Bill tearing up his notebook.
get goose bumps/pimples
ìóðàøêè ïî ñïèíå (îò âîçáóæäåíèÿ, âîñòîðãà, ñòðàõà) ˜ When
he sings, I get goose bumps. ˜
Horror movies always give me goose
pimples.
get into the swing of smth
âîéòè â êóðñ äåëà; îñâîèòüñÿ ˜
I was quite getting into the swing of
things when they transferred me to
another department.
get it hot and strong
ïîëó÷èòü âòûê/âçáó÷êó/ïî ïåðâîå ÷èñëî ˜ He got it hot and strong
from his father, who discovered that
he was in trouble at school.
get in/into a huff
ëåçòü â áóòûëêó (ñåðäèòüñÿ,
îáèæàòüñÿ áåç ïðè÷èíû) ˜ She
gets into a huff easily.
get in on the act
«ïðèìàçàòüñÿ» (ê óñïåøíîìó íà÷èíàíèþ/äåëó); ïðèìêíóòü ˜ We
ran a successful local delivery
business until other local companies
started trying to get in on the act.
get it in the neck
(inf)
ïîëó÷èòü ïî øåå ˜ I don’t understand why I should get it in the neck
for something I haven’t done. ˜ You’ll
get it in the neck from your father
when he finds out what you’ve done.
get in/into smb’s hair
(inf)
«äîñòàòü» ê-ë; ïóòàòüñÿ ïîä
íîãàìè; ðàçäðàæàòü; äåéñòâîâàòü
íà íåðâû ˜ During the holidays the
children keep getting in my hair. ˜
get lost
(Am sl)
ïðîâàëèâàòü; óáèðàòüñÿ ïðî÷ü
˜ Get lost! I want to study. ˜ John
told Bert to get lost.
68
get the better of
get out of hand
âûõîäèòü èç-ïîä êîíòðîëÿ ˜ The
angry crowd was getting out of
hand. ˜ At the time of the strike in
the Gdansk shipyard in the summer of 1980, the Kremlin felt things
were rapidly getting out of hand.
get nowhere
ïîòåðïåòü ôèàñêî (íè÷åãî íå
äîáèòüñÿ) ˜ The police tried to find
out who had stolen the money but
they got nowhere in their inquiries. ˜
I tried phoning but got nowhere fast.
get off cheap/easy
(inf)
äåøåâî/ëåãêî îòäåëàòüñÿ ˜ The
children who missed school to go
to the fair got off easy.
get pickled
íàáðàòüñÿ, íàäðàòüñÿ (íàïèòüñÿ) ˜ He got pickled in the bar.
get off one’s back
(sl)
îòöåïèòüñÿ/îòâÿçàòüñÿ îò ê-ë ˜
Get off my back! Can’t you see how
busy I am?
get smb out of a jam
(Am)
âûòàùèòü/âûðó÷èòü ê-ë èç áåäû
˜ I like Ted. He got me out of a
jam once.
get off the track
îòêëîíèòüñÿ îò òåìû; ñáèòüñÿ ñ
ïóòè ˜ I think we are getting off
the track. We were talking about
television programmes, not films.
get smth into smb’s head
âáèòü â ãîëîâó; âòåìÿøèòü ˜
I can’t get it into his head that he
will never be an artist.
get smth off one’s chest
èçëèòü/îáëåã÷èòü äóøó ˜ If
you’ve got a problem you might as
well get it off your chest.
get one’s fingers burnt/burned
«îáæå÷üñÿ» (îñîáåííî â ôèíàíñîâîì îòíîøåíèè) ˜ He got his
fingers badly burned speculating in
oil shares.
get smth/smb off one’s hands
ñïëàâèòü; ñáàãðèòü; ñáûòü ñ ðóê
(èçáàâèòüñÿ) ˜ After his wife’s
death he got his stepdaughter off
his hands in no time.
get one’s hooks/claws into smb
çààðêàíèòü; íàëîæèòü ëàïó íà ê-ë
˜ We’ll all be seeing a lot less of
Robert if Joanna gets her hooks
into him.
get (oneself) worked up
«çàâîäèòüñÿ» ˜ Don’t get yourself worked up over his impudence!
get smth out of one’s mind/
system
âûáðîñèòü/âûêèíóòü èç ãîëîâû ˜
Tell me all about your problem. I’ll
help you to get it out of your system.
get out of bed on the wrong side
âñòàòü ñ ëåâîé/íå ñ òîé íîãè ˜
What’s the matter with you? Did
you get out of bed on the wrong side
or something?
get the better of
âçÿòü âåðõ íàä ê-ë; îäîëåòü ˜ She
should not allow her temper to get
the better of her. ˜ John’s common
sense got the better of his pride.
69
get the business
get to the bottom of this affair if it
takes me a year.
get the business
(inf)
ïîëó÷èòü âòûê/ âçáó÷êó ˜ Whenever I go to that office, I end up getting
the business. They are so rude to me!
get up on the wrong side of the
bed
(Am)
âñòàòü ñ ëåâîé/íå ñ òîé íîãè ˜
Excuse me for being grouchy. I got
up on the wrong side of the bed.
get the hang/knack of smth
(Am)
íàáèòü ðóêó (ïðèîáðåñòè óìåíèå/ñíîðîâêó) ˜ It took me several
years to get the knack of playing
the piano. ˜ After three years of
using this computer I think I’ve finally got the hang of it.
get up smb’s nose
(inf)
äåéñòâîâàòü íà íåðâû; ðàçäðàæàòü ˜ To be honest, I prefer not
to have to deal with her. She gets
up my nose. ˜ It’s the way he
follows me around everywhere – it
gets right up my nose.
get the message
(sl)
óëîâèòü/óñå÷ü (ïîíÿòü); äîõîäèòü ˜ The principal talked to the
students about being on time, and
most of them got the message. ˜ I
kept hinting to Simon that it was
time he went home, but he didn’t
seem to get the message.
get uptight
(inf)
äåðãàòüñÿ, âîëíîâàòüñÿ ˜ You
needn’t get uptight about his
daughter’s coming late. ˜ Don’t get
uptight before the test.
get the third degree
(sl)
äîïðîñ ñ ïðèñòðàñòèåì ˜ Why
is it I get the third degree from you
every time I come home late?
get wind of smth
ïðîíþõàòü ˜ I don’t want my
boss to get wind of the fact that
I’m leaving, so I’m not telling many
people.
get the upper hand
âçÿòü âåðõ íàä ê-ë; îäîëåòü;
ïîëó÷èòü ïðåèìóùåñòâî ˜ John is
always trying to get the upper hand
on someone.
gift of/from the Gods
äàð Áîæèé ˜ Mary regarded
Anne’s talent for public speaking
as a gift of the Gods.
get to grips with
ðåøèòåëüíî âçÿòüñÿ; ñïðàâèòüñÿ; ïîäîéòè âïëîòíóþ (ê ðåøåíèþ
ïðîáëåìû) ˜ It’s further proof of the
government’s failure to get to grips
with two of the most important social
issues of our time.
gilded youth
çîëîòàÿ ìîëîäåæü ˜ The children
of the rich – who used to be called
“our gilded youth” – are less pampered today and more neglected by
their parents.
give-and-take
(n)
óñòóïêè, êîìïðîìèñc ˜ Giveand-take is essential between
get to the bottom of
äîêîïàòüñÿ/äîéòè äî ñóòè ˜ I’ll
70
give smb hell
neighbours. ˜ You can’t always insist on your own way – there has
to be some give-and-take.
give smb a lift
ïîäáðîñèòü, ïîäâåçòè (íà ìàøèíå) ˜ Shall I give you a lift?
give as good as one gets
îòïëàòèòü òîé æå ìîíåòîé; ðàññ÷èòàòüñÿ ñïîëíà ˜ I didn’t think
he would have the courage to argue with the boss, but he certainly
gave as good as he got.
give smb a pep talk
ïðèäàòü äóõó; âñåëèòü óâåðåííîñòü; îáîäðèòü ˜ I thought I’d give
the lads a pep talk before the match.
give smb a piece of one’s mind
âïðàâèòü ìîçãè (âûñêàçàòü íåîäîáðåíèå); îò÷èòàòü; ñêàçàòü
âñå, ÷òî äóìàåøü ˜ If he does that
again, she’s going to give him a
piece of her mind. ˜ You can’t let
people get away with that sort of
thing. You should have given her a
piece of your mind.
give free rein to smth
äàòü âîëþ (ìûñëÿì, ÷óâñòâàì)
˜ In writing that novel she gave free
rein to her imagination.
give oneself airs
íàïóñêàòü íà ñåáÿ âàæíîñòü;
çàäàâàòüñÿ ˜ She gives herself
such airs.
give smb a rocket
äàòü/çàäàòü æàðó (îòðóãàòü) ˜
My Mum gave me a rocket for tearing my new jeans.
give smb a break
(inf)
äàòü øàíñ ˜ “Give me just a little
break,” begged the suitor of the
beautiful but scornful object of his
affection.
give smb a telling off
ñäåëàòü âòûê; îò÷èòàòü (îòðóãàòü) ˜ A customer complained
about one of the waiters, so the
manageress came and gave him
a good telling off.
give smb a buzz/jingle (Am inf)
çâÿêíóòü; ïîçâîíèòü ˜ Give him a
buzz/jingle after five, he’ll be in then.
give smb a tongue-lashing
îò÷èõâîñòèòü (îòðóãàòü) ˜ The
manager gave his team a tonguelashing after they’d lost the game.
give smb a dressing down
(Am inf)
çàäàòü ïåðöó/âçáó÷êó; óñòðîèòü
âûâîëî÷êó/ðàçíîñ (îòðóãàòü) ˜
Andreas was given a dressing down
by the conductor for jumping on to
a moving train.
give smb a wide berth
îáõîäèòü çà âåðñòó; ñòîðîíèòüñÿ; èçáåãàòü âñòðå÷è ˜ After
Tom got Bob into trouble, Bob gave
him a wide berth.
give smb a hard time
ðàñïåêàòü; âûãîâàðèâàòü; ïîðòèòü æèçíü ˜ Annie was on the
phone to her office giving someone
the usual hard time.
give smb hell
(Am inf)
äàòü ïî ìîçãàì; çàäàòü æàðó/
71
give smb his walking papers
òðåïêó ˜I’m going to give Bill hell
when he gets home. He’s late again.
gave her the cold shoulder because
she ill-treated her children.
give smb his walking papers
(Am inf)
óêàçàòü íà äâåðü (âûãíàòü ñ ðàáîòû) ˜ The boss was not satisfied
with Paul’s work and gave him his
walking papers.
give smb the creeps
(inf)
ìîðîç ïî êîæå (îò ñòðàõà) ˜
Spiders in the bath give me the
creeps.
give smb the evil eye
1. ñãëàçèòü ˜ Nothing is going
right for me – I think he gave me
the evil eye.
2. çëî ïîñìîòðåòü ˜ I arrived late
for the meeting and Steve
Thompson gave me the evil eye.
give smb quite a turn
íàïóãàòü äî ñìåðòè ˜ You
shouldn’t creep up on people like
that – you gave me quite a turn.
give smb some/a dose of his
own medicine
îòïëàòèòü òîé æå ìîíåòîé ˜ He’s
always keeping us waiting, so
I think we’ll give him a dose of his
own medicine.
give smb the red-carpet treatment
âñòðå÷àòü ñ ïîìïîé (òîðæåñòâåííî) ˜ The Prime Minister was
given the red-carpet treatment,
when he visited the town.
give smb the air/brush-off
give smb the run-around
îòôóòáîëèòü ˜ Customers with
faulty goods are usually given the
run-around; the firm sends them
from one department to another.
(inf)
îòøèòü ê-ë (îòêàçàòü) ˜ She gave
me the brush-off when I asked her
to go to the cinema. ˜ John was
really upset when Mary gave him
the air.
give smb the slip
(inf)
ñäåëàòü ðó÷êîé; îñòàâèòü ñ íîñîì; äàòü ñòðåêà÷à (óäðàòü) ˜
Police chased the get-away car, but
the robbers succeeded in giving
them the slip. ˜ A young boy had
been stealing apples from the
farmer’s orchard. The farmer caught
him, but the boy was able to give
him the slip.
give smb the bird
(old-fash)
îñâèñòàòü, îøèêàòü ˜ He made
a couple of mistakes and the crowd
immediately gave him the bird.
give smb the boot
(inf)
âûòóðèòü/òóðíóòü/âûãíàòü ñ
ðàáîòû ˜ He won’t have a chance
of carrying out this project as he
has just been given the boot.
give smb what for
(inf)
ïîêàçàòü ãäå ðàêè çèìóþò/
êóçüêèíó ìàòü ˜ I’ll give you what
for, young lady, coming home at 2
give smb the cold shoulder
äåìîíñòðàòèâíî èçáåãàòü/íå
çàìå÷àòü ê-ë ˜ All the neighbours
72
go AWOL
2. îòäàòü êîíöû; ïðèêàçàòü
äîëãî æèòü (îêîí÷àòåëüíî ïðèéòè
â íåãîäíîñòü) ˜ The motor turned
over a few times and gave up the
ghost. ˜ We’ve had the same TV
set for 15 years and I think it’s
finally about to give up the ghost!
o’clock in the morning! ˜ You thieving hooligan! I’ll tell your father, and
he’ll give you what for!
give smth a lick and a promise
íà ñêîðóþ ðóêó (äåëàòü ÷-ë â
ñïåøêå, íåáðåæíî) ˜ John! You
didn’t clean your room! You just
gave it a lick and a promise.
give way
óñòóïàòü; ñäàòüñÿ; èäòè íà ïîâîäó ˜ I never give way to my
children when they want me to buy
them sweets. ˜ Billy kept asking
his mother if he could go to the
movies and she finally gave way.
give smth the go-ahead
äàòü äîáðî íà ÷-ë ˜ The Personnel Manager gave the project the
go-ahead.
give the axe
çàðóáèòü (ïëàí, èäåþ) ˜ My
research project was the first thing
to be given the axe when the new
boss arrived.
go all out
(inf)
âûëîæèòüñÿ äî êîíöà; ïðèëîæèòü âñå óñèëèÿ (äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ
öåëè) ˜ We went all out to win the
game. ˜ John went all out to finish
the job and was very tired afterwards.
give the green light
ðàçâÿçàòü ðóêè; äàòü çåëåíóþ
óëèöó ˜ We can’t start until he
gives us the green light.
go at it hammer and tongs (inf)
1. äî õðèïîòû; ñ ïåíîé ó ðòà
(ñïîðèòü, ðóãàòüñÿ) ˜ Helen and
Mary have been arguing all day, and
now they are going at it hammer and
tongs again.
2. íàâàëèòüñÿ, íàêèíóòüñÿ (íà
äåëî, ðàáîòó) ˜ He loves gardening. He goes at it hammer and
tongs as soon as he gets back from
work.
give the thumbs-up
äàòü äîáðî íà ÷-ë/çåëåíóþ óëèöó ˜ We can’t give the builders the
thumbs-up until all tenants have
vacated the block.
give up smb/smth as a bad job
ìàõíóòü ðóêîé íà ê-ë/÷-ë (áðîñèòü, îòêàçàòüñÿ äåëàòü) ˜ I could
not persuade him to practise the
piano, and finally gave it up as a
bad job.
go away empty-handed (Am)
âåðíóòüñÿ íåñîëîíî õëåáàâøè
(íè ñ ÷åì) ˜ Go to the bank and
don’t go away empty-handed.
give up the ghost
(humor)
1. èñïóñòèòü äóõ; ïðèêàçàòü
äîëãî æèòü; îòäàòü Áîãó äóøó ˜
After a long illness, the old woman
gave up the ghost.
go AWOL
óéòè â ñàìîâîëêó ˜ Private
Smith went AWOL last Wednesday.
Now he’s in a military prison.
73
go back on one’s word
go back on one’s word
ïîéòè íà ïîïÿòíûé (íå ñäåðæàòü
`
ñëîâà)
˜ The boy’s father told him
not to go back on his promise.
go for nothing
ïðîïàñòü çðÿ ˜ All his notes were
destroyed in the fire – three years
of research gone for nothing!
go bananas
(sl)
âçáåñèòüñÿ îò çëîñòè ˜ If your
mother sees that mess, she’ll go
bananas.
go hell for leather
ãíàòü âî âåñü äóõ; ì÷àòüñÿ ˜ He
was going hell for leather to get to
the supermarket before it closed.
go bust
(sl)
âûëåòåòü â òðóáó (ðàçîðèòüñÿ)
˜ Manufrance went bust in the
1970s.
go into a flat spin
âïàñòü â ïàíèêó; áûòü â çàìåøàòåëüñòâå/âîëíåíèè; íåãîäîâàòü ˜
When I found that all my money had
been stolen, I went into a flat spin
and lost all control of what I was saying
or doing. ˜ There’s no need to go into
a flat spin. It was a perfectly
reasonable request to make.
go cold turkey
(sl)
çàâÿçàòü (ðåçêî áðîñèòü äóðíóþ
ïðèâû÷êó); ñëåçòü ñ èãëû ˜ I had
to stop smoking, so I went cold
turkey. It’s awful!
go (like) a bomb
(inf)
ïðîõîäèòü íà óðà; èìåòü îãëóøèòåëüíûé óñïåõ ˜ Malcolm
Macdonald has two boutiques. They
are going a bomb. ˜ Judging from
the noise they’re making, the party
must be going like a bomb.
go down the drain
(inf)
âûëåòåòü â òðóáó (ðàçîðèòüñÿ,
îáàíêðîòèòüñÿ) ˜ My catering firm
is going down the drain because of
competition.
go Dutch
ñîáèðàòüñÿ âñêëàä÷èíó; ïëàòèòü çà ñåáÿ ˜ It’s getting expensive to have Sally for a friend; she
never wants to go Dutch.
go off the rails
ñâèõíóòüñÿ; ñáèòüñÿ ñ ïóòè
èñòèííîãî ˜ He went off the rails
in his twenties and started living on
the street. ˜ When his wife left him,
Steve went completely off the rails.
He stopped coming to work and
joined a weird sect.
go easy on smb
ìÿãêî îáðàùàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë ˜ At
school, teachers went easy on
Elena since they were aware of her
difficult home circumstances.
go on a bender
ïèòü ïî-÷åðíîìó; óäàðèòüñÿ â
çàïîé ˜ When Jurgen was dismissed
from his job, he went on a bender.
go far/a long way
äàëåêî ïîéòè; ïîéòè â ãîðó
(äîáèòüñÿ óñïåõà) ˜ He is a very
determined young man. I am sure
he will go far.
go on the hook
âëåçòü â äîëãè ˜ The company has
74
go to any/great length(s)
gone on the hook recently, so I wonder when they are going to pay me.
should help your party go with a
bang!
go on the razzle (inf old-fash)
êóòèòü, âåñåëèòüñÿ; ðàçâëåêàòüñÿ ïî ïîëíîé ïðîãðàììå ˜
We’re going out on the razzle on
New Year’s Eve – do you fancy coming? ˜ Birthdays are a good excuse
to go on the razzle.
go postal
(very inf)
âûéòè èç ñåáÿ; âñïûëèòü; ñîðâàòüñÿ ˜ When she heard she’d
been fired she went postal and
started throwing things around the
office.
go (stony) broke
ðàçîðèòüñÿ â ïóõ è ïðàõ ˜ This
company is going to go broke if you
don’t stop spending money
foolishly.
go one better
ñäåëàòü øàã âïåðåä; ïðåóñïåòü
˜ Rival firms reduced their prices,
but we went one better by offering
easy credit terms. ˜ He set the
world record last year. This year he
would like to go one better by beating his own record.
go straight
çàâÿçàòü (ñ ïðåñòóïíîé æèçíüþ)
˜ Franco promised that he would
go straight after serving his prison
sentence.
go out like a light
(inf)
âûðóáèòüñÿ (óñíóòü) ˜ Billy was
so tired after the birthday party.
When I put him to bed he went out
like a light in no time.
go through channels
ïðîéòè âñå èíñòàíöèè ˜ You’ll
never get anywhere in this firm unless you go through channels.
go out of one’s way
ðàçáèòüñÿ â ëåïåøêó; èç êîæè
âîí ëåçòü ˜ We went out of our
way to please the visitor.
go through fire and water
(old-fash)
èäòè â îãîíü è â âîäó çà ê-ë (ðèñêîâàòü) ˜ They went through fire and
water to ensure the prince’s safety.
go out of the window/go out
the window
(Am)
èäòè íàñìàðêó ˜ I’m supposed
to be on a diet at the moment.
Whenever I have dinner with
friends, it just goes out of the window.
go through the roof
âçëåòåòü; âçâèòüñÿ; ðåçêî ïîäñêî÷èòü (îá îáúåìå ïðîäàæ,
öåíàõ) ˜ As a result of the war, the
oil prices have gone through the roof.
go (over) with a bang (Am inf)
ïðîéòè íà óðà (î âå÷åðèíêå);
èìåòü øóìíûé óñïåõ ˜ The party
really went with a bang after he arrived. ˜ A karaoke machine? That
go to any/great length(s)
ïîéòè íà âñå (áûòü íà âñå ñïîñîáíûì) ˜ Bill will go to any length
to keep Dick from getting a date
with Mary.
75
go to pieces
ëîòêà ˜ Both collections will go
under the hammer and are
expected to make $1m at Phillips’
in London next month.
go to pieces
(inf)
ñëîìàòüñÿ (ìîðàëüíî) ˜ She went
to pieces when her husband died.
go to pot
(inf)
ïîéòè íàñìàðêó/ïðàõîì; âûëåòåòü â òðóáó (ðàçîðèòüñÿ) ˜ He
was under a terrible strain and his
work went completely to pot. ˜ The
motel business went to pot when
the new highway was built.
go up in smoke
ëîïíóòü êàê ìûëüíûé ïóçûðü ˜
Their hopes for a really good holiday went up in smoke when their
children became ill on the day before they were going to leave.
go up in the world
âûéòè â ëþäè; èäòè â ãîðó;
ïðåóñïåâàòü ˜ Since Sarah married that rich industrialist, she’s
certainly gone up in the world. ˜
Caroline was celebrating her second
promotion in 9 months and really felt
that she was going up in the world.
go to smb’s head
1. âñêðóæèòü ãîëîâó ˜ All the
publicity he has had because of his
book has gone to his head.
2. óäàðèòü â ãîëîâó (îá àëêîãîëå)
˜ That glass of wine I had before
supper went straight to my head.
go to town
ðàçìàõíóòüñÿ (íå ïîæàëåòü
äåíåã/ñèë) ˜ Your new luxury
kitchen has everything; you’ve really
gone to town. ˜ Angie and Phil have
really gone to town on their wedding.
go up the wall
íà ñòåíêó ëåçòü (îò ðàçäðàæåíèÿ); íå íàõîäèòü ñåáå ìåñòà;
ðâàòü è ìåòàòü ˜ He’s going up the
wall about the mess they’ve made
of his garden!
go to the wall
ðàçîðèòüñÿ, îáàíêðîòèòüñÿ (ïðåêðàòèòü ñâîå ñóùåñòâîâàíèå) ˜
After nine months of massive losses,
the company finally went to the wall.
go west
1. óéòè â ìèð èíîé; îòïðàâèòüñÿ
ê ïðàîòöàì ˜ He went west in a
plane crash.
2. âûéòè èç ñòðîÿ, ñëîìàòüñÿ;
ïîòåðÿòüñÿ ˜ My watch went west
when I accidentally dropped it on a
concrete floor. ˜ The food mixer
must have gone west along with my
baking tins, when we moved house.
go the whole hog
èäòè äî êîíöà ˜ In an attempt to
recoup his betting losses, he went
the whole hog and put all his remaining money on one horse. ˜ He
was rich, but he had refrained from
going the whole hog and becoming
a millionaire.
gobsmacked
(adj)
îøàðàøåííûé; îøåëîìëåííûé
˜ When she told him that she was
going to marry someone else, he
was absolutely gobsmacked.
go under the hammer
(Am)
ïîéòè ñ ìîëîòêà; ïóñòèòü ñ ìî76
grin and bear it
grass so I said, “Oh well, I’ll be a
painter then.”
goody two-shoes
(Am)
ïàèíüêà ˜ Phyllis was a real
goody two-shoes, tattling on her
friends to the teacher.
grab (a meal)
ïåðåõâàòèòü (åäó) íà õîäó ˜ I’ll
just grab some breakfast before
leaving.
green behind the ears
ìîëîêî íà ãóáàõ íå îáñîõëî; ìîëîêîñîñ ˜ In your first job, older
colleagues automatically think
you’re still green behind the ears
and seldom take you seriously.
grasp at straws
õâàòàòüñÿ çà ñîëîìèíêó ˜ This
speech was made by a man grasping at straws to gain much-desired
publicity.
green with envy
÷åðíûé îò çàâèñòè ˜ When Kathy
hears that the boss is going to make
you her personal assistant and not
her, she will be green with envy.
grate on one’s nerves
äåéñòâîâàòü íà íåðâû ˜ The
much repeated address of Mrs Vine
was beginning to grate on her
nerves.
greenbacks
(Am sl n)
«çåëåíåíüêèå» (äîëëàðû) ˜ He
dropped this pack of greenbacks
in her lap.
greenroom gossip/talk
çàêóëèñíûå ñïëåòíè ˜ At the
after-show party there was a lot
of greenroom gossip suggesting
that the theatre company was
bankrupt.
grease smb’s palm
(inf)
äàòü íà ëàïó; ïîäìàçàòü (äàòü
âçÿòêó) ˜ We had to grease the
palm of numerous officials before
they would allow us to collect our
luggage from the airport.
grey eminence
eminence
grise
(Fr form)
`
ñåðûé êàðäèíàë ˜ Although he
never became a minister, he was
the party’s eminence
grise for 15
`
years.
grease the wheels
ñäâèíóòü ñ ìåñòà; óñêîðèòü
ïðîöåññ; óëàäèòü äåëî (ëåñòüþ,
äåíüãàìè) ˜ You can count on Ben
to grease the wheels so we’ll be
waited on promptly. ˜ Credit cards
greased the wheels of the consumer boom by allowing us to buy
what we want, when we want.
grey matter
ñåðîå âåùåñòâî; èçâèëèíû
(ìîçãà) ˜ I’ve got a mathematical
problem for you to use your grey
matter on.
green as grass
æåëòîðîòûé ïòåíåö (ìîëîäîé,
íåîïûòíûé) ˜ My brother’s a joiner
and he said, “You don’t want to be
a bricklayer.” I was still green as
grin and bear it
ïðîãëîòèòü ïèëþëþ; äåëàòü
õîðîøóþ ìèíó ïðè ïëîõîé èãðå
77
grind to a halt
hammer smth home
âäîëáèòü/âáèòü â ãîëîâó (çàñòàâèòü ïîíÿòü) ˜ I tried to hammer
home to Ann the fact that she would
have to get a job.
˜ I don’t want to spend the whole
evening working but I guess I’ll just
have to grin and bear it.
grind to a halt
çàñòîïîðèòüñÿ; âñòàòü (ïåðåñòàòü äåéñòâîâàòü) ˜ The car
ground to a halt, and we got out to
stretch our legs. ˜ If the computer
network crashed, the whole office
would grind to a halt.
hand smth to smb on a plate
(inf)
íà áëþäå÷êå (ñ ãîëóáîé êàåìî÷êîé) (äîñòàòüñÿ ëåãêî/áåç
óñèëèé) ˜ His father was wealthy,
and he had everything handed to
him on a plate. ˜ You can’t expect
everything to be handed to you on
a plate – you’ve got to make a bit
of effort.
grist for the mill
âîäà íà ÷-ë ìåëüíèöó ˜ When
the sportswear company launched
a disastrous advertising campaign,
their business rivals saw it as grist
for the mill.
hand the reins over/hand over
the reins
ïåðåäàòü áðàçäû ïðàâëåíèÿ ˜
I built up the business, but I handed
over the reins to my daughter.
grit one’s teeth
ñòèñíóòü çóáû ˜ I can’t do anything
to change the situation so I’ll just have
to grit my teeth and put up with it.
hand-me-down
(n)
îáíîñêè; ñ ÷óæîãî ïëå÷à ˜ As a
child I was always dressed in my
sister’s hand-me-downs and I longed
for something new to wear.
grow too big for one’s boots/
britches
çàäèðàòü íîñ; âàæíè÷àòü; çàãîðäèòüñÿ ˜ Ever since he won that
tournament he’s grown too big for
his britches.
hang by a thread/hair
âèñåòü íà âîëîñêå ˜ For three
days Tom was so sick that his life
hung by a thread. ˜ As Joe got
ready to kick a field goal, the result of the game hung by a hair.
growing pains
áîëåçíè ðîñòà (î íîâûõ ïðîåêòàõ) ˜ Since the state was granted
its independence four years ago, it
has been going through a continual
phase of growing pains.
hang loose
(Am inf)
ðàññëàáèòüñÿ ˜ Hang loose, Bob.
Everything is going to be all right.
H
hang one’s head
âåøàòü íîñ/ãîëîâó ˜ We all
hung our heads when our team was
last in the competition.
half-seas over
ïîäâûïèâøèé; ìîðå ïî êîëåíî ˜
Look at Frank – half-seas over already, and the party’s hardly begun.
78
have a face like the back of a bus
hard up
(inf)
íà ìåëè; íà áîáàõ (áåç äåíåã) ˜
I’m a bit hard up at the moment.
hanky-panky
(n)
ôîêóñ-ïîêóñ; ìîøåííè÷åñòâî;
ìàõèíàöèè; æóëüíè÷åñòâî ˜ The
kilometer reading on that car’s
clock is far too low; I bet there’s
been some hanky-panky at the
dealer’s garage.
hats off to smb
øàïêè äîëîé; ñíÿòü øëÿïó
ïåðåä ê-ë ˜ Hats off to her – it
takes a lot of courage to go travelling on your own at that age.
happy-go-lucky
(adj)
áåñøàáàøíûé ˜ He struck me
as a happy-go-lucky kind of guy.
haul smb over the coals (Am)
óñòðîèòü ðàçíîñ/âûâîëî÷êó;
ïðîïåñî÷èòü ˜ I heard later that
Uncle Jim had been hauled over the
coals for not letting anyone know
where we were.
hard-and-fast
(adj)
æåñòêèé; ñòðîãèé; íåèçìåííûé (î
ïðàâèëàõ, çàêîíàõ) ˜There are no
hard-and-fast rules about the use
of hyphens in English. ˜ The rule
isn’t hard-and-fast but we expect
you to obey it anyway.
have a bone to pick with smb
ðàçîáðàòüñÿ (îáúÿñíèòüñÿ) ñ
ê-ë ˜ I’ve a bone to pick with you
about revealing information given in
confidence.
hard cash
çâîíêàÿ ìîíåòà (íàëè÷íûå
äåíüãè) ˜ We gave him half the
money in hard cash and wrote a
cheque for the rest.
have a bun in the oven
â èíòåðåñíîì ïîëîæåíèè (áåðåìåííàÿ) ˜ He had to get married
because his girlfriend had a bun in
the oven.
hard lines
íåïðóõà; íåâåçóõà (íåóäà÷à) ˜
Hard lines! I’m afraid you haven’t
won this time.
have a case/crush on smb (inf)
áåç óìà îò ê-ë (äî ñìåðòè âëþáèòüñÿ) ˜ He has a crush on the
new gym mistress. ˜ He’s had a
case on her for years.
hard money
ìåëî÷ü (ìîíåòû) ˜ I need some
hard money for a vending
machine.
have a drop too many
ñëåãêà ïåðåáðàòü; âûïèòü ëèøíåãî ˜ When Gitte has had a drop
too many, she would tell her life story
to a complete stranger.
hard of hearing
òóãîé íà óõî ˜ He’s a bit hard of
hearing now.
hard on smb’s heels
ïî ïÿòàì (èäòè ñëåäîì) ˜ Here
comes Sally, and John is hard on
her heels.
have a face like the back of a
bus
ñòðàõîëþä; ðîæà êèðïè÷à ïðî79
have a final/last fling
I’ve a good mind to stop my son’s
pocket money until he behaves
himself.
ñèò ˜ Her husband has a face like
the back of a bus.
have a final/last fling
ðàçãóëÿòüñÿ íàïîñëåäîê; ãóëüíóòü íà ïîëíóþ êàòóøêó ˜ On
the last night of the holiday they
decided to have a final fling and
visit the town’s most expensive
nightclub. ˜ He’s planning to
have one last fling before joining
the army.
have a good nose for
èìåòü íþõ/÷óòüå íà ÷-ë ˜ Henry
must have a good nose for antiques. When this table is polished
up, it will be worth at least five times
what he paid for it.
have a gut feeling
(Am)
÷óÿòü íóòðîì ˜ I have a gut feeling that they will never get married
in spite of all they say.
have a finger in every pie
ïðèëîæèòü ðóêó ê ÷-ë; ëåçòü âî
âñå äåëà; êàæäîé áî÷êå çàòû÷êà
˜ Jim’s on the board of three companies, chairman of the local planning committee, and a school
governor. He makes sure he’s got
a finger in every pie.
have a hand in smth
ïðèëîæèòü ðóêó ê ÷-ë; äåëî íå
îáîøëîñü áåç ê-ë ˜ The colour
scheme is excellent. Didn’t Mike
have a hand in the redecorating?
have a fit
çàêàòèòü ñêàíäàë/èñòåðèêó ˜ If
your mother sees you in that state,
she’ll have a fit!
have a handle on smth (Am inf)
èìåòü ÷åòêîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå/
ïîíèìàíèå ˜ No one in the
pressroom had a handle on Balkan
history.
have a fling
ïåðåáåñèòüñÿ; îòãóëÿòü ñâîå ˜
Let him have his fling. He’ll settle
down, you’ll see. ˜ Let him have
his fling now while he’s young.
have a run of luck
óëûáíóòüñÿ (îá óäà÷å) ˜ The
builders had a run of luck with day
after day of good weather.
have a foot in each camp
ñëóæèòü äâóì ãîñïîäàì ˜
Many Eastern European countries
feel they have a foot in each camp,
historically attached to the former
Soviet Union but increasingly
looking to the USA for support and
finance.
have a screw loose
(inf)
âèíòèêà/øàðèêîâ (â ãîëîâå) íå
õâàòàåò ˜ She must have a screw
loose to go skiing at her age! ˜
Anyone who approves of that purchase must have a screw loose.
have a soft spot for smb
ïèòàòü íåæíûå ÷óâñòâà; èìåòü
ñëàáîñòü ê ê-ë ˜ He’s always had
a soft spot for his younger son.
have a good mind to do smth
òâåðäî ðåøèòü/íàìåðåâàòüñÿ ˜
80
have (got) one’s head in the clouds
had to see a lot of officials and they
all had itching palms.
have a way with words
ÿçûê õîðîøî ïîäâåøåí ˜ Dave
has such a way with words that his
staff does everything he tells them
to do.
have bats in the belfry
(inf facet)
íå â ñâîåì óìå; íå âñå äîìà ˜
The eccentric old woman was generally considered to have bats in
the belfry.
have all one’s buttons/marbles
(sl)
â ñâîåì óìå; ñ ãîëîâîé âñå â
ïîðÿäêå ˜ Mike acts sometimes as
if he didn’t have all his buttons. ˜
He’s pretty old but he still has all his
marbles, if that’s what you mean.
have been around
(inf)
ïîâèäàòü æèçíü; çíàòü ÷òî ïî÷åì
˜ Ask Sally about how the government works. She’s been around.
have an ace in the hole (Am)
èìåòü êîçûðü (ïðî çàïàñ) ˜ He
doesn’t usually risk that much
unless he thinks he has an ace in
the hole.
have (got) both feet on the
ground
íå âèòàòü â îáëàêàõ; òâåðäî
ñòîÿòü íà çåìëå ˜ I don’t worry
about her – she’s got both feet on
the ground and I know she won’t do
anything silly.
have an eye/a good eye for
smth
ãëàç-àëìàç; ãëàç íàìåòàí ˜
Kate’s apartment is very attractive.
She obviously has an eye for colour
and furnishings.
have butterflies (in one’s stomach)
ïîäæèëêè òðÿñóòñÿ; êîëåíè
äðîæàò ˜ She had butterflies in her
stomach as she walked out onto
the stage.
have an inside track
áûòü â ÷èñëå ïðèáëèæåííûõ;
âëàäåòü âíóòðåííåé èíôîðìàöèåé ˜ His relationship with Walter
put him on the inside track with the
company. ˜ I would probably get
that job if I could get the inside track.
have (got) cold feet
ñòðóõíóòü; äî ñìåðòè èñïóãàòüñÿ; êîëåíêè äðîæàò ˜ The planned
burglary never took place. Fred’s
accomplice got cold feet and Fred
couldn’t do it on his own.
have an itch for/itch to do smth
æàæäàòü; ñòðàñòíî æåëàòü ÷-ë ˜
Dean has an itch for excitement. ˜
Chris is itching to go around the world.
have (got) one’s head in the
clouds
âèòàòü â îáëàêàõ ˜ She walks
around all day with her head in the
clouds. She must be in love. ˜ He’ll
never be able to run the business –
he’s always got his head in the clouds.
have an itching/itchy palm
íå÷èñòûé íà ðóêó (áðàòü âçÿòêè)
˜ It cost us a lot of money to get
papers to leave the country – we
81
have designs on smb
have itchy feet
(inf)
÷åìîäàííîå íàñòðîåíèå; îõîòà
ê ïåðåìåíå ìåñò; íå ñèäèòñÿ
äîìà ˜ Why’ve you got all these
travel brochures? Do you have itchy
feet? ˜ Many 19th-century pioneers
in North America travelled West not
in order to find gold or riches, or
even new farmland, but rather because they were suffering from itchy
feet.
have designs on smb
èìåòü âèäû íà ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ He has
designs on my job. ˜ She suspected that Helen had designs on
her husband.
have egg on one’s face
ñåñòü â ëóæó; âëÿïàòüñÿ ˜ Bob
had egg on his face because he
wore jeans to the party and everybody else wore formal clothes.
have mixed feelings about smth
èñïûòûâàòü ñìåøàííûå ÷óâñòâà
˜ I had mixed feelings about leaving home. I was looking forward to
going to university, but I would miss
my family.
have eyes for smb
«ñâåò â îêîøêå»; ñâåò êëèíîì
ñîøåëñÿ ˜ She has eyes only for
her husband since their marriage.
have green fingers/have a
green thumb
(Am)
ëåãêàÿ ðóêà (î ñàäîâîäå) ˜ I’m
afraid I don’t have green fingers. I’ve
killed every plant I’ve owned. ˜
I was just admiring your beautiful
plants, Helen. You must have a
green thumb.
have money to burn
äåíåã êóðû íå êëþþò; äåíåã êàê
ãðÿçè ˜ Anyone who spends
$10,000 on a diamond collar for a
poodle must have money to burn.
have nothing to do with
íå èìåòü íè÷åãî îáùåãî; íå
èìåòü îòíîøåíèÿ ê ÷-ë ˜ That
letter has nothing to do with you. ˜
Their visit has nothing to do with
the holiday.
have had a bellyful of smth (inf)
ñûò ïî ãîðëî ˜ He’s probably had
a bellyful of your moaning. ˜ I’ve
had my bellyful of meetings.
have had enough
ñ ìåíÿ õâàòèò ˜ I’ve had enough
of work this morning. I think I’ll go
home early. ˜ I’ve had enough of
their quarreling.
have one over the eight
ñëåãêà ïåðåáðàòü; âûïèòü ëèøíåãî ˜ When Jane has had one
over the eight, she would tell her
life story to a complete stranger.
have it both ways
è âîëêè ñûòû, è îâöû öåëû; è
íà åëêó âëåçòü, è íå óêîëîòüñÿ
˜ John wants the security of marriage and the freedom of being single. He wants to have it both
ways.
have one’s back to/against the
wall
çàãíàííûé â óãîë; ïðèïåðòûé ê
ñòåíêå ˜ He certainly has his back
to the wall as he has lost his job
and cannot find another one.
82
have words with smb
(ïðåäìåò); ñîáàêó ñúåñòü ˜ He has
the history of the firm at his fingertips.
have one’s eye on
ïîëîæèòü ãëàç (ïðèñìîòðåòü ÷-ë) ˜
I have had my eyes on a dress in the
shop across the road for some time.
˜ I’ve got my eye on a really nice
sofa – I just hope we can afford it.
have smth on the brain (inf)
çàöèêëèòüñÿ; òîëüêî îäíî íà óìå
˜ He has football on the brain and
talks about it all the time. ˜ John
has nothing but girls on the brain.
have one’s hands full
çàáîò/õëîïîò ïîëîí ðîò ˜ She
must have her hands full with those
four children to look after.
have the DTs
áåëàÿ ãîðÿ÷êà ˜ When she gets
the DTs, she can’t even hold a glass
in her hand.
have one’s head screwed on
(the right way)
èìåòü ãîëîâó íà ïëå÷àõ ˜
Robert has his head screwed on the
right way – if he gets lost he’ll ask
someone for directions.
have the gift of the gab
ÿçûê õîðîøî ïîäâåøåí ˜ Politicians need to have the gift of the gab.
have the patience of a saint
èìåòü àíãåëüñêîå òåðïåíèå ˜ To
train animals successfully, you have
to have the patience of a saint.
have one’s wits about one
íå òåðÿòü ãîëîâû; ñîõðàíÿòü
ñàìîîáëàäàíèå ˜ Cycling is potentially very dangerous in London
– you really need to have your wits
about you.
have the time of one’s life
îòâåñòè äóøó; íàñëàäèòüñÿ
ïîëíîñòüþ ˜ They are having the
time of their lives in London.
have pull with smb
(Am)
èìåòü áëàò/ñâÿçè; «âîëîñàòàÿ
ðóêà» ˜ Let’s ask Ann to help us.
She has pull with the mayor. ˜ She
had pull with several of the board
members.
have too many irons in the fire
çà âñå õâàòàòüñÿ (äåëàòü ìíîãî
äåë îäíîâðåìåííî); âçâàëèâàòü íà
ñåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî ˜ Besides
writing books, Oliver does
translation work and teaching. He’s
continually overworked because he
simply has too many irons in the fire.
have seen better days
çíàâàòü ëó÷øèå äíè (î ñòàðîé
âåùè) ˜ My coat has seen better
days, but it is very warm.
have words with smb
îáìåíÿòüñÿ «ïàðîé ëàñêîâûõ»;
âûãîâàðèâàòü ê-ë ˜ He’s in a foul
mood – I think they’ve been having
words. ˜ There were several penalties and the referee had words with
one of the players after the match.
have smb’s number (Am inf)
ðàñêóñèòü ê-ë (ïîíÿòü) ˜ I’ve got
Tom’s number. He’s ambitious.
have smth at one’s fingertips
çíàòü êàê ñâîè ïÿòü ïàëüöåâ
83
head and shoulders above
êî îäíî íà óìå ˜ There are many
fanatics hell-bent on overthrowing
the government.
head and shoulders above
íà ãîëîâó âûøå ˜ Catherine is a
highly gifted child. She seems to
be head and shoulders above most
of the others in the class. ˜ This
book is head and shoulders above
her first one.
hem and haw
(folk)
òÿíóòü êîòà çà õâîñò; ìÿìëèòü;
çàïèíàòüñÿ ˜ Stop hemming and
hawing around. I want an answer.
˜ The man was a poor lecturer
because he hemmed and hawed
too much.
heads will roll
ãîëîâû ïîêàòÿòñÿ; íå ñíåñòè
ãîëîâû ˜ The American company
we took over at great expense
turned out to be bankrupt; heads
will roll in our boardroom.
henpecked
(inf adj)
çàòþêàííûé; ïîä êàáëóêîì/
ïÿòîé ˜ He never does anything
without asking his wife first – he’s
completely henpecked.
heart-to-heart talk
ðàçãîâîð ïî äóøàì ˜ When Colin
heard that his son was having marital
problems, he was eager to have a
serious heart-to-heart talk with him.
here today and gone tomorrow
ñåãîäíÿ çäåñü, à çàâòðà òàì;
Ôèãàðî çäåñü, Ôèãàðî òàì ˜ Our
son does come to visit us
sometimes, but he’s always here
today and gone tomorrow and we
never have time to have a good talk
with him.
heads or tails
îðåë èëè ðåøêà ˜ Heads I win,
tails I lose.
hear smth on/over/through the
grapevine
óñëûøàòü ïî «ñàðàôàííîìó ðàäèî»; «îäíà áàáà ñêàçàëà» ˜ This
isn’t official but I did hear through the
grapevine that he is leaving.
hide one’s light under the
bushel
(bibl)
äåðæàòü ïîä ñïóäîì (ñêðûâàòü
ñâîè òàëàíòû) ˜ I didn’t realize you
could play the piano – you’ve been
hiding your light under the bushel.
Heath Robinson
(attr)
ïðè÷óäëèâàÿ ñàìîäåëêà; äèêîâèíêà; «÷óäî-þäî» ˜ My Granny’s
got this great Heath Robinson
device for slicing eggs. ˜ Mr Gadget
has invented a Heath Robinson
device which vacuums the floor
and washes the dishes simultaneously.
high season
ðàçãàð ñåçîíà ˜ It is hoped that
other types of tourism can be developed as an alternative to mass
high season travel.
highway robbery
(Am)
ãðàáåæ ñðåäè áåëà äíÿ ˜ Three
pounds for an orange juice? It’s
highway robbery.
hell-bent on doing smth
îäåðæèìûé; çàöèêëåííûé; òîëü84
hoist a few
hit and/or miss
íàîáóì; íàóãàä; êàê ïîâåçåò ˜
We handed out the free tickets hit
or miss. Some people got one;
others got five or six.
hit the headlines
ïîïàñòü íà ïåðâûå ïîëîñû ãàçåò
˜ I see the Royals have hit the
headlines again this morning.
Another baby for the Princess.
hit home
äîõîäèòü (äî ñîçíàíèÿ) ˜ In
many cases the reality of war
doesn’t hit home with reservists,
until they’re actually called upon to
fight. ˜ I could see that the criticism was beginning to hit home.
hit the jackpot
ñîðâàòü êóø ˜ The firm hit the
jackpot when they won a massive
export contract.
hit the mark
1. ïîïàñòü â òî÷êó ˜ You
certainly hit the mark when you said
that he was lazy. ˜ The governor’s
speech on attracting new business
hit the mark.
2. ïîëüçîâàòüñÿ óñïåõîì/ïîïóëÿðíîñòüþ ˜ She had a good voice,
but her songs never quite hit the mark.
hit one’s stride
(Am)
ïðèíèìàòüñÿ çà äåëî âñåðüåç;
ðàçâåðíóòüñÿ ïî-íàñòîÿùåìó ˜
Now that I’ve hit my stride, I can
work more efficiently.
hit smb’s pocket
óäàðèòü ïî êàðìàíó ˜ His creative accounting had hit our pockets.
hit the nail on the head
ïîïàñòü íå â áðîâü, à â ãëàç;
ïîïàñòü â ÿáëî÷êî/â öåëü ˜ You
hit the nail (right) on the head when
you described her as being naive.
hit the bottle
(inf)
çàêëàäûâàòü çà âîðîòíèê/ãàëñòóê; ïðèêëàäûâàòüñÿ ê áóòûëêå;
çàïèòü ˜ When his wife died he
really hit the bottle and was never
really sober for a fortnight.
hit the roof
1. âçëåòåòü; âçâèòüñÿ; ðåçêî
ïîäñêî÷èòü (îá îáúåìå ïðîäàæ,
öåíàõ) ˜ In 1990, wool prices hit
the roof.
2. âçâèòüñÿ îò çëîñòè; âçîðâàòüñÿ îò ÿðîñòè; âûéòè èç ñåáÿ
˜ Dad hit the roof when he didn’t
get his usual bonus.
hit the bull’s eye
ïîïàñòü íå â áðîâü, à â ãëàç;
ïîïàñòü â ÿáëî÷êî/â öåëü ˜ As far
as Christmas presents were concerned the family agreed that Aunt
Helen had hit the bull’s eye by giving them a sledge.
hit the sack/hay
(inf)
îòïðàâèòüñÿ íà áîêîâóþ (ëå÷ü
ñïàòü) ˜ It’s time to hit the sack/
the hay.
hit the ceiling
(inf)
âçâèòüñÿ îò çëîñòè; âçîðâàòüñÿ
îò ÿðîñòè; âûéòè èç ñåáÿ ˜ My
Father hit the ceiling when I damaged the car.
hoist a few
(Am inf)
ïðîïóñòèòü ñòàêàí÷èê ˜ We
85
hold in check
hop it
(inf)
ïðîâàëèâàòü; óáèðàòüñÿ ïðî÷ü
˜ I’m warning you, Kevin, take a
tip from a friend, hop it! Get out!
stopped at Donovan’s on the way
home and hoisted a few.
hold in check
äåðæàòü â óçäå; ñäåðæèâàòü ˜
The central bank’s action seemed
at the time to be holding the dollar
in check.
hope against hope
íå òåðÿòü íàäåæäû ˜ Their cat
had been missing for six weeks but
they were still hoping against hope
that it would come back to them.
hold one’s breath
çàòàèòü äûõàíèå ˜ It means the
world will have to hold its breath as
it did with the Cuban missile crisis
in 1962.
horsefeathers
(Am sl n)
÷åïóõà/åðóíäà íà ïîñòíîì ìàñëå ˜ Horsefeathers! I did no such
thing!
hold one’s tongue
äåðæàòü ÿçûê çà çóáàìè; ïîìàëêèâàòü; ïðèäåðæàòü ÿçûê ˜ There
were a lot of things I wanted to say,
but I thought I’d better just hold my
tongue.
hot air
(inf)
ïóñòàÿ áîëòîâíÿ; òðåïîòíÿ; ñîòðÿñåíèå âîçäóõà ˜ His promises to take her to Paris for the
weekend were just hot air. ˜ Their
trade negotiations were only hot
air that produced no worthwhile
agreement.
hold smb at arm’s length
äåðæàòü äèñòàíöèþ/íà ðàññòîÿíèè ˜ I always had the feeling she
was holding me at arm’s length.
hot on the heels of smth
ïî ãîðÿ÷èì ñëåäàì ˜ A film contract came hot on the heels of the
success of their first album.
honest as the day (is long)
êðèñòàëüíî ÷åñòíûé ÷åëîâåê
˜ You can be as honest as the
day is long and still get into
trouble if you fill in your tax form
incorrectly.
hot stuff
(inf)
òî, ÷òî íàäî; ñóïåð; ïîëíûé îòïàä; ïîñëåäíèé ïèñê (î ìîäå íà ÷ë) ˜ That computer programmer is
hot stuff. ˜ If the car can reach that
speed, it really is hot stuff. ˜
Skateboarding is hot stuff nowadays.
hoof it
(sl)
èäòè ïåõîì;
íà ñâîèõ äâîèõ ˜
`
I’m sorry that I’m late – I missed
the bus and I had to hoof it.
I
hooked on smth/smb
(sl)
ïîìåøàòüñÿ íà ÷-ë/ê-ë; ïðèñòðàñòèòüñÿ; áàëäåòü ˜ The
children are hooked on icecream.
if it comes to the push
â êðàéíåì ñëó÷àå; â ñëó÷àå
÷åãî; åñëè ïðèæìåò ˜ We really
need three people in order to do this
86
in cahoots with smb
in a nutshell
(inf adv)
1. â äâóõ ñëîâàõ; âêðàòöå ˜ The
book explains basic electronics in
a nutshell.
2. êîðî÷å ãîâîðÿ ˜ Well, to put
it in a nutshell, we’re going to have
to start again.
job well, but we could do it with two
if it comes to the push.
if push comes to shove
åñëè ïðèæìåò/ïðèïðåò ˜ Look,
if push comes to shove, we’ll just
have to sell the car.
in a pickle
â ïèêîâîì ïîëîæåíèè ˜ Ed has
gotten himself into a pickle. He has
two dates for the party.
if the worst comes to the worst
íà õóäîé êîíåö; â õóäøåì
ñëó÷àå ˜ If the worst comes to the
worst and your business fails, you
can always sell your house.
in a rut
çàåñòü (î ðóòèíå); â ïðèâû÷íîé/
ñêó÷íîé êîëåå ˜ At forty my life
was in a rut, so I gave up work and
travelled to India.
in a bind/a jam
â ïèêîâîì ïîëîæåíèè; ïîïàñòü
â ïåðåïëåò/ïåðåäðÿãó ˜ This family is really in a jam; they are to be
evicted and have nowhere to live.
˜ He’s put us in a bind: we can’t
refuse, but at the same time we
can’t fill the order.
in a tight corner/spot
â ïèêîâîì ïîëîæåíèè; ïîïàñòü
â ïåðåïëåò/ïåðåäðÿãó ˜ We’ll be
in a tight corner unless we can find
another $1,000. ˜ Look, John, I’m
in a tight spot. Can you lend me
$20?
in a body
(adv)
âñåì ñêîïîì; êàê îäèí; âñå
âìåñòå; îäíîâðåìåííî ˜ The
workers went in a body to see their
employer. ˜ All the guests came
in a body.
in a trice
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà; ìèãîì ˜ The
punctured tyre was changed in a trice.
in a flash
(inf)
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà ˜ It happened in
a flash. Suddenly my wallet was gone.
in black and white
÷åðíûì ïî áåëîìó ˜ He promised me a film contract in Hollywood
but I’ll only believe it when I see it
in black and white.
in a (flat) spin
â ïàíèêå/ñìÿòåíèè/çàìåøàòåëüñòâå/âîëíåíèè ˜ She’s in a spin
over the arrangements for the party.
˜ News of the director’s resignation
had sent management into a spin.
in broad daylight
ñðåäü áåëà äíÿ ˜ She was accosted on her own street in broad
daylight.
in a jiffy
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà; ìèãîì ˜ Just
wait a minute. I’ll be there in a jiffy.
in cahoots with smb
áûòü ïîâÿçàííûì/çàîäíî ñ ê-ë
87
in clover
in mint condition
êàê íîâåíüêèé; ñ êîíâåéåðà ˜
My car is two years old, but it’s still
in mint condition.
˜ In this city, many policemen are
in cahoots with organized crime.
in clover
êàê ñûð â ìàñëå êàòàòüñÿ; æèòü
ïðèïåâàþ÷è ˜ After they won the
competition they were in clover for the
rest of their lives. ˜ With the income
from the family estate, she’s in clover.
in name alone/only
îäíî íàçâàíèå; òîëüêî ãîâîðèòñÿ ˜ They are married in name
alone, since they have been living
apart for years.
in cold blood
(adv)
ãëàçîì íå ìîðãíóâ (õëàäíîêðîâíî, ïðåäíàìåðåííî) ˜ He killed
them in cold blood.
in no time
(inf adv)
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà ˜ It won’t take
long. It’ll be finished in no time
at all.
in dire straits
íà ìåëè; â ñòåñíåííûõ îáñòîÿòåëüñòâàõ ˜ After the financial
meltdown, a lot of people were left
in dire straits.
in one breath
íà îäíîì äûõàíèè; íå ïåðåâîäÿ
äûõàíèÿ ˜ Jane was in a play, and
she was so excited that she said
her whole speech in one breath.
in full swing
â ðàçãàðå; ïîëíûì õîäîì ˜ The
party was in full swing.
in one’s birthday suit (facet)
â ÷åì ìàòü ðîäèëà ˜ We used
to go down the river and swim in
our birthday suits.
in high gear
(Am)
â ðàçãàðå; ïîëíûì õîäîì ˜ We
go skiing in the mountains each
winter. Things get into high gear
there in November.
in one’s cups
(old-fash)
ïîä ìóõîé; íàâåñåëå ˜ When he
was in his cups he would recite lines
of poetry in a loud voice.
in leaps and bounds
ñåìèìèëüíûìè øàãàìè; ñòðåìèòåëüíî; íå ïî äíÿì, à ïî ÷àñàì
˜ Ashley’s reading has come on in
leaps and bounds since she’s been
at her new school.
in one’s element
êàê ðûáà â âîäå; â ñâîåé ñòèõèè
˜ He is in his element when he is
organizing something. ˜ You should
have seen her when they asked her
to sing; she was in her element.
in low water
íà ìåëè; áåç ãðîøà ˜ He was in
very low water when I saw him last
week – he even asked if I could
lend him some money to pay the
rent.
in one’s heart of hearts
â ãëóáèíå äóøè ˜ Although she
tried to be hopeful, in her heart of
hearts she knew her mother was
dying.
88
in the heat of the moment
in someone’s good books
íà õîðîøåì ñ÷åòó ˜ Matthias
wants to stay in the management’s
good books, so he hasn’t joined the
strike.
in one’s prime
â ðàñöâåòå ñèë/ëåò ˜ I could work
long hours when I was in my prime.
in one’s right mind
â çäðàâîì óìå; â ñâîåì óìå ˜
No one in his right mind would behave like that.
in the altogether
(humor)
â ÷åì ìàòü ðîäèëà ˜ He was just
standing there in the altogether.
in one’s second childhood
(derog)
âïàñòü â äåòñòâî ˜ He was acting
very stupidly, as if he were in his
second childhood. ˜ Grandpa
needs full-time care, now that he’s
in his second childhood.
in the bag
äåëî â øëÿïå ˜ Between you and
me, laddie, it’s in the bag. Unofficially,
the job’s yours.
in the balance
â ïîäâåøåííîì ñîñòîÿíèè (â
ñîñòîÿíèè íåîïðåäåëåííîñòè) ˜
He stood on the edge of the cliff,
his life in the balance.
in (the) seventh heaven
íà ñåäüìîì íåáå (îò ñ÷àñòüÿ) ˜
When she won the prize she was
in the seventh heaven.
in the dark
â íåâåäåíèè ˜ The press were
kept in the dark about what had
happened.
in smb’s bad/black books (Am)
â ÷åðíîì ñïèñêå ˜ Ever since
he forgot about her birthday, he
has been in her black books. ˜
Sir John was definitely in the
Treasury’s bad books for
incorrect thinking on economic
prospects.
in the dog house
(inf)
â îïàëå ó ê-ë ˜ That politician
has been in the dog house since
his removal from the office for accepting bribes.
in smb’s pocket
(inf)
â ðóêàõ ó ê-ë (êîíòðîëèðîâàòü,
ïîä÷èíÿòü ñåáå); âî âëàñòè ˜
John will do just what I tell him. I’ve
got him and his brother in my
pocket.
in the family way
(old-fash)
â èíòåðåñíîì ïîëîæåíèè (áåðåìåííàÿ) ˜ Have you heard that
Jean’s in the family way?
in the flesh
ñîáñòâåííîé ïåðñîíîé ˜
I
couldn’t believe it, but there she
was, in the flesh.
in smb’s shoes
â ÷-ë øêóðå; íà ÷-ë ìåñòå ˜
I wouldn’t like to be in your shoes
when they find out what you’ve
done! ˜ In your shoes I wouldn’t
accept the offer.
in the heat of the moment
ïîä ãîðÿ÷óþ ðóêó ˜ In the heat
89
in the hot seat
there just in the nick of time.
A minute later and she’d have left.
of the moment, he vowed revenge
on his attackers, but later realized
this would be unwise.
in the palm of one’s hand
â ðóêàõ ó ê-ë (êîíòðîëèðîâàòü,
ïîä÷èíÿòü ñåáå); âî âëàñòè ˜ He
has the local press in the palm of
his hand and is never criticized by
any of them.
in the hot seat
ïîä îáñòðåëîì (êðèòèêè, ïðåññû); â ñëîæíîì/íåïðèÿòíîì ïîëîæåíèè ˜ The Prime Minister is
really in the hot seat over this
problem. ˜ When merger negotiations broke down, he was in the hot
seat with the stockholders.
in the pink
(old-fash)
â ïðåêðàñíîé ôîðìå ˜ I wasn’t
well last week, but I’m back in the
pink, I’m pleased to say.
in the know
â êóðñå (îñâåäîìëåííûé) ˜ People
in the know tell me that she has got
the job. ˜ The resort is considered
by those who are in the know to have
the best down hill skiing in Europe.
in the public eye
ó âñåõ íà âèäó ˜ I wouldn’t want
to be famous. You live your life in
the public eye. You get no privacy
whatsoever. It would drive me mad.
in the lap of luxury
ó Õðèñòà çà ïàçóõîé ˜ They live
in the lap of luxury in a huge great
house in the south of France.
in the pudding club (old-fash)
«ïîäçàëåòåòü» (çàáåðåìåíåòü)
˜ Tina says Karen’s in the pudding
club.
in the limelight/spotlight
â öåíòðå âíèìàíèÿ ˜ Members
of the Royal Family spent their
whole lives in the limelight.
in the same boat
äðóçüÿ ïî íåñ÷àñòüþ; â îäèíàêîâîì ïîëîæåíèè ˜ We’re all in
the same boat as far as low wages
are concerned.
in the line of fire
(inf)
íà ïåðåäíåì êðàå; íà ëèíèè
îãíÿ; íà ïåðåäîâîé ˜ As both
Joe’s sister and Bill’s wife, she was
right in the line of fire whenever the
two men quarrelled.
in the swim of things
â ãóùå ñîáûòèé; â êóðñå äåëà
˜ I’ve been ill, but soon I’ll be back
in the swim of things.
in the middle of nowhere
ó ÷åðòà íà êóëè÷êàõ/ðîãàõ;
ãëóõîìàíü ˜ We found a great little
hotel, out in the middle of nowhere.
in the thick
â ãóùå ñîáûòèé; â êóðñå äåëà ˜
When you are in the thick of action,
you don’t always have time to think.
in the nick of time
â ïîñëåäíèé ìîìåíò ˜ We got
in the twinkling of an eye
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà; ìãíîâåííî ˜ I
90
Jack of all trades/jack of all trades
ëáó; è åæó ïîíÿòíî ˜ It does’t take
a rocket scientist to make a rock
record.  It doesn’t take a rocket
scientist to understand this
computer program – you can learn
it in an hour or two.
gave Bill $10 and, in the twinkling
of an eye, he spent it.
in the van
(form)
â ïåðâûõ ðÿäàõ ˜ He has been in
the van of medical progress for years.
it’ll all come out in the wash
ïåðåìåëåòñÿ – ìóêà áóäåò ˜ It
was the wrong thing to say, but don’t
get too upset, I’m sure it’ll all come
out in the wash eventually.
in the way
ïîïåðåê äîðîãè; ìåøàòü; çàñëîíÿòü (âèä) ˜ You’re standing in the
way; please move to one side. ˜
That truck is in our way. ˜ Just as
the accident happened some
people got in my way, so I didn’t
see it at all.
it’s a pound to a penny
äàþ ãîëîâó íà îòñå÷åíèå ˜ It’s
a pound to a penny that he’ll lose
his money if he invests it in the Xcompany.
in touch
1. â êóðñå; äåðæàòü ðóêó íà
ïóëüñå ñîáûòèé ˜ I try to stay in
touch with what’s going on in the
arts world.
2. ïîääåðæèâàòü ñâÿçü/îòíîøåíèÿ ˜ Are you still in touch with
Caroline? ˜ Her family have kept
in touch with me since her death.
it’s curtains
êðûøêà; êîíåö ˜ If the vote is
yes, it’s curtains for us.
it’s dollars to doughnuts (Am)
äàþ ãîëîâó íà îòñå÷åíèå; äåñÿòü ïðîòèâ îäíîãî ˜ It’s dollars
to doughnuts that the team will
make the play offs.
Indian summer
áàáüå ëåòî ˜ The Indian
summer we had this year was an
unexpected bonus for ice-cream
manufacturers.
J
jack of all trades (but master of
none)
ìàñòåð-ëîìàñòåð ˜ “How come
Joe did such a sloppy job?” Mary
asked. “He’s a jack of all trades,”
Sally answered.
Ingres’ violin
«ñêðèïêà Ýíãðà»; õîááè ˜ For
Queen Elizabeth II horse riding is
her Ingres’ violin.
inside out
(adv)
íàèçíàíêó ˜ I always turn shirts
inside out before washing them.
Jack of all trades/jack of all
trades
ìàñòåð íà âñå ðóêè ˜ Bill can
do plumbing, carpentry, or a bit of
gardening – he’s a jack of all
trades.
it doesn’t take a rocket scientist (to do smth)
íå íàäî áûòü ñåìè ïÿäåé âî
91
jam tomorrow
jumped-up
(inf adj)
âûñêî÷êà ˜ It’s all jumped-up
people these days.
jam tomorrow
êîðìèòü «çàâòðàêàìè»; «ñâåòëîå
çàâòðà» ˜ For years politicians
have persuaded the people of this
country to put up with hardships by
promising them jam tomorrow.
just for the fun/hell of it
ñìåõà/øóòêè ðàäè; èç ñïîðòèâíîãî èíòåðåñà ˜ I decided to dye
my hair bright green, just for the
hell of it.
jerry-built/jerry-building
«õðóùåâêà»; «õðóùîáà» (î íåêà÷åñòâåííîì æèëüå) ˜ These
houses were jerry-built and must
now be demolished.
just the ticket
òî, ÷òî äîêòîð ïðîïèñàë ˜ This
nice cold beer is just the ticket.
jobs for the boys
òåïëîå ìåñòå÷êî; íåïûëüíàÿ
ðàáîòà ˜ When they told me the
boss’s nephew had got the job,
I could not help saying, “I see, jobs
for the boys, is it?”
K
keen competition
æåñòîêàÿ êîíêóðåíöèÿ ˜ Though
we confront really keen competition
here, we are much better than our
rival businesses.
jot or tittle
÷óòü-÷óòü; õîòü íà éîòó ˜ I don’t
suppose preachers and philosophers have changed human nature
by one jot or tittle.
keep a level/cool head
íå òåðÿòü ãîëîâû (íå ðàñòåðÿòüñÿ) ˜ When currency
dealings become hectic, brokers
must keep a level head. ˜ My job
is quite dangerous. You have to
keep a cool head in case you hurt
yourself.
jump for joy
ïîäïðûãíóòü îò ðàäîñòè ˜ Tina
jumped for joy when she found out
she’d be in the team.
keep a low profile
äåðæàòüñÿ â òåíè; íå âûñîâûâàòüñÿ ˜ The boss is angry with
me, so I’m trying to keep a low profile and not attract his attention for
a week or so.
jump on the bandwagon
ïðèìàçàòüñÿ (ê óñïåøíîìó íà÷èíàíèþ/äåëó); ïðèìêíóòü ˜
When it became clear that goods
marked ‘environment-friendly’
were selling well, other firms
started jumping on the bandwagon.
keep a straight face
óäåðæàòüñÿ îò ñìåõà ˜ I could
hardly keep a straight face when
Father’s spectacles fell off the end
of his nose in the middle of his
speech.
jump the line/queue
ëåçòü áåç î÷åðåäè ˜ That man
jumped the queue. It was not his
turn to pay.
92
keep one’s eyes open
don’t chatter when he’s playing his
best-loved discs.
keep a tight rein on smb
(form)
äåðæàòü íà êîðîòêîì ïîâîäêå/
â óçäå; äåðæàòü â åæîâûõ ðóêàâèöàõ ˜ The teacher kept a tight
rein on his students. ˜ I have to
keep a tight rein on my wife’s
spending.
keep on ice
(inf)
äåðæàòü ïðî çàïàñ; îòëîæèòü äî
ëó÷øèõ âðåìåí ˜ Some football
teams keep their best players on
ice ready for the more important
games. ˜ You will have to put your
vacation plans on ice until your
debts are paid.
keep a weather eye on smth/
smb
ñìîòðåòü â îáà; áûòü íà÷åêó ˜
I’d like you to keep a weather eye
on the situation and report any
major developments to me at once.
keep on one’s toes
áûòü íà÷åêó/íàãîòîâå ˜ He’ll only
be here for a few minutes, so you’ll
have to be on your toes if you want
to speak to him.
keep an eye on smb
ïðèñìîòðåòü çà ê-ë ˜ Keep an
eye on the baby while I am out!
keep one’s chin up (Am inf)
íå óíûâàòü; íå ñäàâàòüñÿ; äåðæàòü õâîñò ïèñòîëåòîì ˜ Richard
was keeping his chin up yesterday
despite the continued setbacks. ˜
Keep your chin up! Things will get
better!
keep body and soul together
ñâîäèòü êîíöû ñ êîíöàìè ˜ We
can barely keep body and soul together on what he earns.
keep clear of
îáõîäèòü ñòîðîíîé; äåðæàòüñÿ
ïîäàëüøå ˜ I usually keep clear
of Soho, partly because it’s so bad
for the nerves and partly because
it’s so expensive.
keep one’s ear to the ground
äåðæàòü óøêè íà ìàêóøêå; äåðæàòü ðóêó íà ïóëüñå ñîáûòèé;
îòñëåæèâàòü èíôîðìàöèþ ˜ John
had his ear to the ground, hoping
to find out about new ideas in computers. ˜ I have a company that
deals in arms. In business, we have
our ears very close to the ground.
keep in cold storage
ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó; îòëîæèòü â
äîëãèé ÿùèê; çàìîðîçèòü ˜ Your
suggestions are very good, but we’ll
have to keep them in cold storage
until we have enough money to put
them into practice.
keep one’s eye on the ball (inf)
áûòü íà÷åêó; íàñòîðîæå; íè÷åãî
íå óïóñêàòü èç âèäó ˜ If you want
to get along in this office, you will
have to keep your eye on the ball.
keep mum
äåðæàòü ÿçûê çà çóáàìè;
ïîìàëêèâàòü ˜ Keep mum during
all his favourite TV programmes –
keep one’s eyes open
äåðæàòü óõî âîñòðî ˜ I’m keep93
keep one’s eyes peeled/skinned
ing my eyes open for a sale on winter coats.
your wits about you in a dangerous
situation.
keep one’s eyes peeled/skinned
(inf)
cìîòðåòü â îáà; âñå ãëàçà ïðîãëÿäåòü ˜ Keep your eyes peeled
for Jacobs; I don’t want him to come
in and find me looking in his papers.
keep smb at arm’s length
äåðæàòü äèñòàíöèþ/íà ðàññòîÿíèè ˜ She keeps her neighbours
at arm’s length.
keep smb company
ñîñòàâèòü êîìïàíèþ ˜ I’ll come,
too, and keep you company.
keep one’s fingers crossed
äåðæàòü êóëàêè (íà ñ÷àñòüå) ˜
I hope you win the race Saturday. I’m
keeping my fingers crossed for you.
keep smb in stitches
óìîðèòü ñî ñìåõó; ñìåøèòü äî
óïàäó ˜ The comedian kept us in
stitches for nearly an hour .
keep one’s head above water
äåðæàòüñÿ íà ïëàâó ˜ We’re not
making a lot of money in the shop,
but we are keeping our heads above
water.
keep smb in the dark
äåðæàòü â íåâåäåíèè ˜ They
kept me in the dark about their
plans.
keep one’s nose to the grindstone
ðàáîòàòü, íå ðàçãèáàÿ ñïèíû ˜
You’ll have to keep your nose to the
grindstone if you intend to finish all
this paperwork before you go on
holiday.
keep smb in the picture
äåðæàòü â êóðñå ˜ I’ll be counting on you to keep me in the picture while I’m away.
keep smb on a short/tight leash
äåðæàòü ê-ë íà êîðîòêîì ïîâîäêå ˜ He doesn’t go out with the
lads so much these days: Michelle
keeps him on a tight leash.
keep one’s pecker up
(sl)
äåðæàòü õâîñò ïèñòîëåòîì (íå
óíûâàòü) ˜ When things go wrong
it is very difficult for me to keep
my pecker up.
keep smb posted
äåðæàòü â êóðñå ˜ The TV announcer promised to keep viewers
posted on developments in the White
House. ˜ Keep me posted on anything that happens while I’m away.
keep one’s powder dry
äåðæàòü ïîðîõ ñóõèì; áûòü íàãîòîâå ˜ All you have to do is
keep your powder dry and await
orders.
keep tabs on smb/smth
äåðæàòü â ïîëå çðåíèÿ; ñëåäèòü
˜ I like to keep tabs on my bank
balance so that I don’t get overdrawn.
keep one’s wits about one
íå òåðÿòü ãîëîâû; ñîõðàíÿòü ñàìîîáëàäàíèå ˜ You have to keep
94
knock off one’s feet
˜ Customs officers discovered that
the lorry was transporting drugs, and
kept tabs on it after it left the docks.
tend to follow rather than lead. It
takes courage to kick against the
pricks.
keep to the beaten track
èäòè ïî ïðîòîðåííîé äîðîæêå ˜
His employer told him to keep to
the beaten track and not use any
new ideas until the company became established.
kick cold turkey/it
(sl)
ñëåçòü ñ èãëû; çàâÿçàòü (ðåçêî
áðîñèòü äóðíóþ ïðèâû÷êó) ˜ He
tried to kick cold turkey but it was
just too much. ˜ Farnsworth finally
kicked it; he’s in good shape.
keep track of smb/smth
äåðæàòü â ïîëå çðåíèÿ; ñëåäèòü; óñëåäèòü ˜ I can’t keep track
of the money I earn. Maybe
someone else is spending it.
kick the bucket
(inf)
ñûãðàòü â ÿùèê; çàãíóòüñÿ; îòáðîñèòü êîïûòà; äóáà äàòü (óìåðåòü) ˜ They were all just waiting
for the old man to kick the bucket
so they could get their hands on
his money.
keep up appearances
äåðæàòü ìàðêó ˜ They haven’t
much money but they buy expensive clothes in order to keep up
appearances.
kick the habit
(Am inf)
çàâÿçàòü (áðîñèòü ïðèâû÷êó) ˜
I want to give up smoking, but it’s
hard to kick the habit.
keep up with the Joneses
áûòü íå õóæå ÷åì ó ëþäåé; íå
îòñòàâàòü îò äðóãèõ ˜ Mr and Mrs
Brown bought a new car simply to
keep up with the Joneses. ˜ It used
to be a new car. Now it’s a personal
computer and a sauna if you want
to keep up with the Joneses.
kick up a fuss/row
ïîäíèìàòü øóì; óñòðàèâàòü
ñêàíäàë/ðàçíîñ ˜ The waiter was
rude, but none of the customers
would kick up a fuss about it. ˜
Our food was cold so my father
kicked up a row and refused to pay
the service charge.
keep up with the times
èäòè â íîãó ñî âðåìåíåì; íå
îòñòàâàòü îò æèçíè ˜ I don’t really
like using a computer, but you have
to keep up with the times,
I suppose. ˜ I bought a whole new
wardrobe because I want to keep
up with the times.
kids’ stuff
äåòñêèå èãðóøêè; ïàðà ïóñòÿêîâ
˜ Making clothes is kids’ stuff for
my sister.
kitty-corner/cornered
(Am)
íàèñêîñîê ˜ You know the building – it’s kitty-corner to my office.
kick against the pricks
(lit)
èäòè íà êîíôðîíòàöèþ (ñ
âëàñòüþ) ˜ People in this country
knock off one’s feet
ïîòðÿñòè äî ãëóáèíû äóøè (ïî95
knock on wood
the stuffing out of them. ˜ An operation like that is bound to knock
the stuffing out of you.
2. èçáèòü äî ïîëóñìåðòè; âñþ
äóøó âûòðÿñòè ˜ Bob knocked
the stuffing out of that bully.
ðàçèòü, ïîêîðèòü) ˜ Winning first
prize knocked her off her feet.
knock on wood
(Am)
ïëþíóòü ÷åðåç ëåâîå ïëå÷î (÷òîáû íå ñãëàçèòü) ˜ I haven’t been
sick all winter. – You’d better knock
on wood when you say that.
know all the answers
çíàòü âñå íà ñâåòå ˜ Helen always knew all the answers, or
thought she did.
knock sense into smb
(inf)
âïðàâèòü ìîçãè ˜ A month in
prison should knock some sense
into him.
know one’s onions/stuff (inf)
çíàòü ñâîå äåëî ˜ I know my
onions. I can do my job. ˜ Patrice
knows her stuff when it comes to
Mexican history.
knock smb into the middle of
next week
âñûïàòü ïî ïåðâîå ÷èñëî ˜ The
little boy had to do as he was told
or his brother would have knocked
him into the middle of next week.
know one’s way around (Am)
çíàòü âñå õîäû è âûõîäû; çíàòü
÷òî ê ÷åìó ˜ Since Sally worked
at City Hall for a year, she really
knows her way around.
knock smb’s block off (Am sl)
îòîðâàòü ãîëîâó; áàøêó îòêðóòèòü ˜ If you touch me again, I’ll
knock your block off.
know smb through and through
âèäåòü íàñêâîçü; äîñêîíàëüíî
çíàòü ˜ She tried to hide her disappointment, but I knew her
through and through and I could tell
she was upset.
knock the (living) daylights out
of smb
äóøó âûòðÿñòè; èçáèòü äî ïîëóñìåðòè ˜ I’ll knock the living
daylights out of him if I catch him
doing it again!
know smth inside out
çíàòü êàê ñâîè ïÿòü ïàëüöåâ
(ïðåäìåò); ñîáàêó ñúåñòü ˜ Why
don’t you ask Mike? He knows the
system inside out. ˜ He knows the
publishing business inside out.
knock the living Jesus out of
smb
âðåçàòü/òðåñíóòü ê-ë êàê ñëåäóåò
˜ Quit your foolishness, before
I knock the living Jesus out of you.
know smth like the back of
one’s hand/palm
çíàòü êàê ñâîè ïÿòü ïàëüöåâ
(ìåñòíîñòü) ˜ I’ve driven a taxi in
Madrid for years, and know the city
like the back of my palm.
knock the stuffing out of smb
(Am)
1. âûáèòü èç êîëåè; èçìîòàòü;
ïîäêîñèòü ˜ It was their third defeat in a row and it really knocked
96
lead smb a merry dance
äîòðîíóòüñÿ ˜ If you lay a finger
on me, I’ll scream.
know the ropes
áûòü â êóðñå äåëà (âëàäåòü
èíôîðìàöèåé) ˜ He’ll be very good
once he knows the ropes a bit
better.
lay it on the line
âûëîæèòü ïðÿìî/áåç îáèíÿêîâ/
îòêðûòûì òåêñòîì ˜ You’re just going
to have to lay it on the line and tell
her her work’s not good enough. ˜
On the first day he let me work as
I wanted to, but on the second day
he really laid the rules on the line.
kowtow
(v)
êëàíÿòüñÿ â ïîÿñ; ëåáåçèòü;
çàèñêèâàòü ˜ My boss expects me
to kowtow to him all the time.
L
lay it on thick
(inf)
ïåðåáîðùèòü (î êðèòèêå,
ïîõâàëå); «çàãíóòü», õâàòèòü
÷åðåç êðàé; ïåðåãíóòü ïàëêó ˜
Gerhard explained the position to
the Press Officer, laying it on
thick about Adrian Winter’s
importance. ˜ Sally was laying it
on too thick when she said that
Tom was the best singer she had
ever heard.
land on one’s feet
(Am)
áûòü âåçóí÷èêîì; ïëûòü â ðóêè;
îòäåëàòüñÿ ëåãêèì èñïóãîì ˜ The
company went bankrupt, but the
following year it was restructured
and landed on its feet. ˜ Richard
takes the most awful risks, but he
always seems to land on his feet.
last resort
ïîñëåäíèé øàã; â êðàéíåì ñëó÷àå; íà õóäîé êîíåö ˜ If we can’t
get the money in any other way,
I suppose we could, as a last resort, sell the car.
lay one’s hands on smb
äîáðàòüñÿ äî ê-ë; ïîïàäèñü ìíå
(âèíîâíèê) ˜ If I ever lay my hands
on the person who stole my car,
he’ll wish he hadn’t.
laugh up one’s sleeve
ñìåÿòüñÿ â êóëàê/óêðàäêîé; õèõèêàòü èñïîäòèøêà; óñìåõàòüñÿ
ñåáå â óñ ˜ He was laughing up
his sleeve when Joe answered the
phone because he knew the call
would be a joke.
lead astray
1. ñáèòü ñ ïóòè èñòèííîãî ˜ Parents always worry about their children being led astray by unsuitable
friends.
2. ââåñòè â çàáëóæäåíèå ˜ The
police were led astray by false
information from one of the witnesses.
launder (money)
îòìûâàòü äåíüãè ˜ Drug dealers
attempt to cover up the crime by
laundering their profits.
lead smb a merry dance
óñòðîèòü «âåñåëóþ æèçíü» ˜
I believe their teenage daughter
leads them a merry dance.
lay a finger on smb
ïàëüöåì òðîíóòü; õîòü ïàëüöåì
97
lead smb by the nose
when my two colleagues went sick
I was left holding the baby.
lead smb by the nose
âåðòåòü êàê õîòåòü ˜ She leads
her husband by the nose.
leave smb in the lurch
áðîñèòü íà ïðîèçâîë ñóäüáû ˜
He emigrated to Taiwan and left his
wife and children in the lurch on
mainland China.
lead smb up the garden path
âîäèòü çà íîñ; îáâåñòè âîêðóã
ïàëüöà; ïðîâåñòè ˜ He realized
that she had been leading him up
the garden path and had no intention of marrying him.
leave smb/smth standing
îñòàâèòü äàëåêî ïîçàäè; áûòü íà
ïîðÿäîê âûøå/ëó÷øå ˜ He didn’t
know football, but his knowledge
of cricket left us all standing.
leave much to be desired
îñòàâëÿòü æåëàòü ìíîãî ëó÷øåãî ˜ This film leaves much to be
desired.
leftovers
(n)
îáúåäêè ˜ The dogs eat the leftovers.
leave no stone unturned
ïóñòèòü â õîä âñå ˜ Both organizations have vowed to leave no
stone unturned in the search for
peace. ˜ The police will leave no
stone unturned in their search for
the bank robbers.
leg it
(sl)
èäòè ïåõîì;
íà ñâîèõ äâîèõ ˜
`
I’m sorry that I’m late – I missed
the bus and I had to leg it.
leave smb high and dry
îñòàâèòü íè ñ ÷åì/íà áîáàõ (â
çàòðóäíèòåëüíîì ïîëîæåíèè) ˜
The car broke down, miles away from
nowhere. A van took Barry to the next
village to get help, so I was left high
and dry until he got back. ˜ The
stock market crash left us high and
dry with debts of over $200,000.
let it all hang out
äàòü ñåáå âîëþ; ðàññëàáèòüñÿ
˜ When I’m on holiday I like to let
it all hang out.
let off steam
(inf)
ñïóñòèòü ïàðû; âûïóñòèòü ïàð ˜
After the long ride on the bus, the
children let off steam with a race
to the lake.
leave smb holding/to hold the
bag/baby
áðîñèòü íà ïðîèçâîë ñóäüáû;
çàñòàâèòü ðàñõëåáûâàòü êàøó;
îñòàâèòü íè ñ ÷åì/â äóðàêàõ ˜
When the ball hit the glass, the team
scattered and left George holding the
bag. ˜ In the rush for seats, Joe was
kept holding the bag. ˜ That important job needed three of us on it;
let one’s hair down
(inf)
ðàññëàáèòüñÿ ˜ It’s wonderful to
let your hair down at the weekend
after you’ve been working hard all
week. ˜ Kings and queens can
seldom let their hair down.
let oneself go
äàòü ñåáå âîëþ; ðàçîéòèñü ˜
98
light-fingered
lick smb’s boots
ëèçàòü ïÿòêè/ñàïîãè (ëàêåéñòâîâàòü, ïîäõàëèìíè÷àòü) ˜ She will
not join in our campaign for higher
wages – she is always too anxious
to lick the boss’s boots.
She really let herself go at the party.
˜ When the music began, Jane let
herself go and started a wild dance.
let ride
(Am inf)
ïóñòèòü íà ñàìîòåê; íå îáðàùàòü
âíèìàíèÿ ˜ I disagree with you, but
I’ll let it ride. ˜ The class was rather
noisy but the teacher let it ride because it was near Christmas.
lie down on the job
ðàáîòàòü ñïóñòÿ ðóêàâà/ñ ïðîõëàäöåé ˜ Sorry, I was lying down
on the job in English class.
let smb in for smth
âëåçòü âî ÷-ë; âïóòàòüñÿ; îáðå÷ü
ñåáÿ íà ÷-ë ˜ When I agreed to do
the job, I didn’t know what I was
letting myself in for, or I would have
refused.
lie low
(Am inf)
çàòèõàðèòüñÿ; «ëå÷ü íà äíî»
(çàòàèòüñÿ) ˜ After holding up the
bank, the robbers lay low for a while.
lie through one’s teeth
âðàòü êàê ñèâûé ìåðèí; íàãëî
ëãàòü ˜ I know she was lying
through her teeth, but I didn’t want
to say so just then.
let (smth) slip
îáðîíèòü (ñêàçàòü ÷-ë íåâçíà÷àé) ˜ Pam let slip an interesting
bit of gossip yesterday.
life of Riley/Reilly
(inf)
ñëàäêàÿ/ïðàçäíàÿ æèçíü (áîãàòîãî ÷åëîâåêà) ˜ He’s living the
life of Riley. He doesn’t have to
work anymore.
let the cat out of the bag
âûäàòü ñåêðåò/òàéíó/ïëàí; ïðîáîëòàòüñÿ ˜ We wanted to surprise
Mary with a birthday gift, but Allen
let the cat out of the bag by asking
her what she would like.
lift a weight off smb’s mind
ñíÿòü ñ äóøè êàìåíü ˜ It lifted
a great weight off my mind.
let the grass grow under one’s
feet
æäàòü ó ìîðÿ ïîãîäû ˜ The
Managing Director is not a man who
lets the grass grow under his feet
when there are decisions to be
made.
lift up one’s heart
ïîäíÿòü íàñòðîåíèå ˜ When the
tired reader comes home at night,
he wishes to read something that
will lift up his heart.
lick one’s lips
(inf)
ïîòèðàòü ðóêè; ïðåäâêóøàòü
(îæèäàòü ñ íåòåðïåíèåì) ˜ The
popular newspapers were licking
their lips at the prospect of a really
big political scandal.
light-fingered
(adj)
íå÷èñòûé íà ðóêó (âîðîâàòûé) ˜
Don’t leave your handbag for a
moment – this place is full of lightfingered people!
99
like a bat out of hell
like a bat out of hell
êàê ïóëÿ; ñòðåëîé ˜ She rushed
out of the house like a bat out of
hell, thinking she had seen a ghost.
like a bull in a china shop
êàê ñëîí â ïîñóäíîé ëàâêå ˜ He
was a bad diplomat, because he
tended to approach vital and delicate negotiations like a bull in a
china shop.
like a bump on a log/like a
dummy
êàê èñòóêàí/ïåíü ˜ Don’t stand
there like a bump on a log. Give
me a hand!
like a lamb
êàê ïîñëóøíàÿ îâå÷êà ˜ She
didn’t want to go to school, but
when the time came she went like
a lamb.
like a red rag to a bull
êàê êðàñíàÿ òðÿïêà íà áûêà
(äåéñòâîâàòü); ïðèâîäèòü â
áåøåíñòâî/ÿðîñòü ˜ Criticizing
the Liberal Party in front of him is
like a red rag to a bull.
like a shot
â ìãíîâåíèå îêà ˜ He accepted
my invitation like a shot.
like as two peas in a pod
(Am)
ïîõîæè êàê äâå êàïëè âîäû ˜
They’re not even sisters, but they’re
like as two peas in a pod.
like clockwork
êàê ÷àñû (ãëàäêî è áåç ïðîáëåì)
˜ Everything went like clockwork.
like hell
(inf adv)
1. ÷åðòà ñ äâà ˜ The house is
half mine. – Like hell it is. I could
throw you out tomorrow. ˜ You think
I’ll call her stupid? Like hell I will!
`
2. ñî âñåé ìî÷è;
ñî âñåõ íî㠘
As soon as they saw the cops, they
ran like hell.
like it or lump it
õîòèòå âû ýòîãî èëè íåò; íðàâèòñÿ âàì ýòî èëè íåò ˜ Like it or
lump it, romantic fiction is read
regularly by thousands.
like looking for a needle in a
haystack
èñêàòü èãîëêó â ñòîãå ñåíà ˜
Finding a particular J. Smith in the
London telephone directory is like
looking for a needle in a haystack.
like nothing on earth (Am inf)
1. ÷óäî ìîðñêîå (âûãëÿäåòü
íåïðèâëåêàòåëüíî) ˜ You look
like nothing on earth in that dress.
2. êàê ñ äðóãîé ïëàíåòû (áåñïîäîáíî, íåïîäðàæàåìî, íåîáû÷íî) ˜
The new car models look like nothing
on earth this year. ˜ This cake is so
good. It’s like nothing on earth.
like pigs in clover
(Am)
êàê ñûð â ìàñëå êàòàòüñÿ ˜ They
had a handsome pension and lived
like pigs in clover.
like taking candy from a baby
ïðîùå ïðîñòîãî ˜ In the end it
was like taking candy from a baby.
like the side of a house
òîëñòûé êàê áî÷êà ˜ She’s getting like the side of a house.
100
look daggers
like water off a duck’s back
êàê ñ ãóñÿ âîäà ˜ There’s no
point being sarcastic to Mark – it’s
like water off a duck’s back.
line one’s pockets
íàáèâàòü êàðìàí; ãðåòü ðóêè íà
÷-ë (íàæèâàòüñÿ) ˜ The agent was
dismissed when the company discovered he had been lining his
pockets for the past five years.
live from day to day/live a day
at a time
æèòü ñåãîäíÿøíèì äíåì ˜ We
did not know how long it would take
him to recover, so we just lived from
day to day.
live (from) hand to mouth
ïåðåáèâàòüñÿ ñ õëåáà íà êâàñ;
æèòü îäíèì äíåì ˜ They are so
poor they just live from hand to
mouth and never have any
money in the bank. ˜ Ken won’t
suddenly start saving money
when he’s been living hand to
mouth all his life.
suitcase. For my next vacation, I
want to go to just one place and
stay there the whole time.
lock, stock and barrel
ñî âñåìè ïîæèòêàìè/ïîòðîõàìè/
ìàíàòêàìè ˜ He has moved down
from the northeast, lock, stock and
barrel.
locker-room (humour)
(attr)
ñîëäàòñêèé þìîð; ñîëåíûå øóòêè ˜ There’s the usual locker-room
banter, which I try to stay out of.
long in the tooth
(humor old-fash)
íå ïåðâîé ìîëîäîñòè ˜ Wish
I was young enough to wear that kind
of thing. – We’re both pretty long in
the tooth, eh? ˜ I’d have thought
she was a bit long in the tooth to be
starring as the romantic heroine.
long johns
«íåâûðàçèìûå» (êàëüñîíû) ˜ In
winter, many old people put on their
long johns.
live high on/off the hog
æèòü íà øèðîêóþ íîãó ˜ The
Jones family lived high off the hog
after they struck oil.
long time no see
ñêîëüêî ëåò, ñêîëüêî çèì; ñòî
ëåò íå âèäåòü ê-ë ˜ Hullo there,
Monika – long time no see!
live on Easy street
(Am)
æèòü ïðèïåâàþ÷è; êàê ñûð â
ìàñëå êàòàòüñÿ ˜ If I had a million
dollars, I’d live on Easy street.
look askance at smb
êîñî ñìîòðåòü ˜ They looked
askance at him when he said he’d
just made a million in the stock
market.
living out of a suitcase
æèçíü íà êîëåñàõ (íå ðàñïàêîâûâàÿ ÷åìîäàíû) ˜ Some people do find living out of a suitcase
exciting. ˜ I hate living out of a
look daggers
ñìîòðåòü âîëêîì; èñïåïåëÿòü
âçãëÿäîì ˜ I suddenly noticed David
looking daggers at me and thought
101
look down in the mouth
I’d better shut up. ˜ I realized I had
said something wrong when I saw my
wife looking daggers at me from the
other side of the room.
way. ˜ As long as she is discreet
in the conduct of her love affairs,
her husband is prepared to look the
other way.
look down in the mouth
âåøàòü íîñ/ãîëîâó ˜ You haven’t
been refused the job yet – don’t
look so down in the mouth!
loosen one’s tongue
ðàçâÿçàòü ÿçûê (ïîä âëèÿíèåì
àëêîãîëÿ) ˜ Her tongue loosened
by drink, she began to say things
that she would later regret.
look down one’s nose
ñìîòðåòü ñâûñîêà ˜ His mother
looks down her nose at his wife.
look for trouble
ëåçòü íà ðîæîí; íàðûâàòüñÿ íà
íåïðèÿòíîñòè ˜ The guard asked
me to leave unless I was looking
for trouble.
look like death warmed up/
over
êðàøå â ãðîá êëàäóò ˜ He always looks like death warmed up
first thing in the morning.
look like something the cat
brought/dragged in
(inf)
âûãëÿäåòü êàê ÷ó÷åëî ãîðîõîâîå
˜ You can’t possibly go to school
like that – you look like something
the cat dragged in! ˜ After running
around in the rain for hours, I looked
like something the cat dragged in.
look like thunder
ìðà÷íåå òó÷è ˜ She didn’t say
anything but she looked like thunder.
look the other way
çàêðûòü ãëàçà; íå îáðàùàòü
âíèìàíèÿ ˜ They’re not really entitled to a discount but the sales
manager decided to look the other
lose count
ñáèòüñÿ ñî ñ÷åòà; ïîòåðÿòü ñ÷åò
˜ Eva is getting married for the third
time. At this rate she’ll lose count
of her husbands before she’s forty.
lose face
ïîòåðÿòü ëèöî; óòðàòèòü ïðåñòèæ
˜ Political observers said the army
chief had lost a lot of face because
of the government’s victory.
lose ground
òåðÿòü ïîçèöèè/ïîïóëÿðíîñòü;
óòðàòèòü âëèÿíèå ˜ The leader of
the political party said that he was
worried because his party was losing ground.
lose heart
îïóñòèòü êðûëüÿ; ïàäàòü äóõîì
˜ After more than fifty unsuccessful attempts to get a job, he began
to lose heart.
lose one’s cool
òåðÿòü õëàäíîêðîâèå/ïðèñóòñòâèå äóõà ˜ Although the party of
tourists was in danger, their guide
never lost his cool.
102
lose one’s grip
cäàòü (ôèçè÷åñêè è ìîðàëüíî) ˜
make a monkey/an ass (out) of smb
Mr Jones began to lose his grip: he
no longer wanted the hard jobs, and
he left decisions to others.
lose one’s shirt
(Am)
îñòàòüñÿ áåç øòàíîâ; ðàçîðèòüñÿ ˜ No, I can’t loan you $200.
I just lost my shirt at the racetrack.
˜ Uncle Joe spent his life savings
to buy a store, but it failed and he
lost his shirt.
lose one’s temper
âûõîäèòü èç ñåáÿ; òåðÿòü ñàìîîáëàäàíèå ˜ He lost his temper
and shouted at me.
lose one’s touch
ïîòåðÿòü ôîðìó ˜ He used to be
good at tennis, but recently he’s lost
his touch.
lose sight of
1. óïóñòèòü èç âèäó; çàáûòü ˜
He became so involved in discussing the details of his plan that he
lost sight of his original intentions.
2. òåðÿòü èç âèäó ˜ She lost
sight of him in the crowd.
lose sleep over
áðàòü â ãîëîâó (ïåðåæèâàòü) ˜ It’s
too bad the experiment failed, but I’m
not going to lose sleep over it.
lose track of
ïîòåðÿòü èç âèäó/ñâÿçü ˜ I’ve
lost track of my old friends.
loud and clear
÷åòêî è ÿñíî ˜ In all this research,
one message comes through loud
and clear: excessive exposure to
sun causes skin cancer.
M
make a beeline for
ïðÿìûì õîäîì íàïðàâèòüñÿ ˜
When our bus got to the hotel,
some of the travellers made a beeline for the bar.
make a bomb
(inf)
make a bundle
(Am)
çàðàáîòàòü áåøåíûå äåíüãè;
íàæèòü öåëîå ñîñòîÿíèå ˜ He
made a bomb when he sold his
house to a film-star. ˜ When the
market went up they made a bundle.
make a clean breast of smth
âûëîæèòü íà÷èñòîòó ˜ I was
forced to make a clean breast of
the whole affair.
make a face
ñêðèâèòüñÿ; ãðèìàñíè÷àòü; êîð÷èòü ðîæè ˜ Joe took a drink of
whisky and made a face.
make a fast/quick buck (inf)
çàêîëà÷èâàòü/çàøèáàòü äåíüãó
˜ Times are hard – you have to
make a fast buck wherever and
however you can.
make a great fuss about/over
smb
íîñèòüñÿ êàê ñ ïèñàíîé òîðáîé;
äðîæàòü íàä ê-ë ˜ He always
makes a fuss over his grandchildren.
make a monkey/an ass (out) of
smb
(inf)
âûñòàâëÿòü äóðàêîì; ñòàâèòü â
äóðàöêîå ïîëîæåíèå ˜ Are you
trying to make a monkey out of me?
˜ Don’t make an ass of yourself!
103
make a mountain out of a molehill
make a mountain out of a
molehill
äåëàòü èç ìóõè ñëîíà ˜ Come
on, don’t make a mountain out of a
molehill. It’s not that important.
make an exhibition of oneself
ñäåëàòü èç ñåáÿ ïîñìåøèùå ˜
Sybille got drunk at the wedding
reception and made an exhibition
of herself in front of all her relatives.
make a pig’s ear (out) of smth
(inf)
íàïîðòà÷èòü; çàïîðîòü; ñäåëàòü
èç ðóê âîí ïëîõî ˜ He made a
pig’s ear out of repairing his car. ˜
Tim made a right pig’s ear of putting
those shelves up.
make (both/two) ends meet
ñâîäèòü êîíöû ñ êîíöàìè ˜
Many people on fixed incomes are
finding it increasingly difficult to
make ends meet.
make a rod for one’s own back
âûñå÷ü ñàìîãî ñåáÿ (íàêàçàòü) ˜
That child’s mother is making a rod
for her back by spoiling him like that!
make a scene
óñòðîèòü ñöåíó; çàêàòèòü ñêàíäàë ˜ He made a scene in the pub
because his girlfriend was drinking
too much.
make a song and dance about
smth
ïîäíèìàòü øóì; óñòðàèâàòü øóìèõó ˜ I don’t know why you’re
making such a song and dance
about the accident – no one was
hurt, after all!
make a splash
(Am)
íàäåëàòü øóìó; ïðèâëå÷ü ê ñåáå
âíèìàíèå ˜ It wasn’t a best-seller
but it did make quite a splash in
American literary circles.
make an all-out effort
âûêëàäûâàòüñÿ äî êîíöà; âûâåðíóòüñÿ íàèçíàíêó ˜ In my job,
I have to make an all-out effort
every day.
make eyes at smb
ñòðîèòü ãëàçêè ê-ë ˜ Stop making eyes at this blonde!
make fun of
ïîòåøàòüñÿ íàä ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ At first
the kids made fun of her because
she spoke with a Dutch accent.
make it
(inf)
1. äîáèòüñÿ óñïåõà/ïðèçíàíèÿ ˜
Now that he’s got his own TV show
he feels as though he’s really made
it. ˜ She hasn’t got a hope of making it as a dancer.
2. îñòàòüñÿ â æèâûõ, âûæèòü;
ïðîòÿíóòü ˜ She was losing so
much blood, I really thought she
wasn’t going to make it.
make mincemeat of smb (inf)
íàãîëîâó ðàçãðîìèòü; êàìíÿ íà
êàìíÿ íå îñòàâèòü ˜ The enemy
guns made mincemeat of our troops.
˜ Naturally, Lord Goodman will make
mincemeat of this absurd claim. ˜
The state prosecutor made mincemeat of the defence lawyer’s case.
make much of
íîñèòü íà ðóêàõ; âûñîêî ñòàâèòü
˜ He made much of his nephew. ˜
104
mean curtains
Whenever Alice came home for a
visit they made much of her.
make no bones about/of
íå öåðåìîíèòüñÿ; íå ñòåñíÿòüñÿ; íå âûáèðàòü âûðàæåíèé ˜ He
made no bones about telling us
how they felt.
make one’s blood boil
äîâåñòè äî áåëîãî êàëåíèÿ;
âûâåñòè èç ñåáÿ ˜ His behaviour
really made my blood boil!
make one’s mouth water
ïîäîãðåòü èíòåðåñ; ñëþíêè òåêóò
˜ The pies in the store window
made Dan’s mouth water. ˜ Those
travel folders about Nepal make my
mouth water.
make oneself scarce
(inf)
ñëèíÿòü, èñïàðèòüñÿ, èñ÷åçíóòü
˜ As soon as his mother-in-law arrived, he made himself scarce.
make room for
äàòü ìåñòî; ïîòåñíèòüñÿ ˜ Sit
here with us. We can move over
and make room for you on this sofa.
make smb’s flesh creep
ìîðîç ïî êîæå (îò ñòðàõà) ˜ That
science fiction story really made my
flesh creep.
make smb’s hair stand (up) on
end
âîëîñû äûáîì ñòàíîâÿòñÿ ˜
Why, I could tell you things that
would make your hair stand on end.
make the grade
ïðåóñïåòü; äîáèòüñÿ óñïåõà ˜
Barbara certainly has made the
grade as a trial lawyer. ˜ Every
year we have hundreds of young
musicians wishing to join the
orchestra, but only a few make the
grade.
make the most of smth
âçÿòü âñå (ìàêñèìàëüíî èñïîëüçîâàòü) ˜ I’ve only got two weeks’
holiday and I intend to make the
most of it.
make up one’s mind
ïðèõîäèòü ê ðåøåíèþ; ðåøèòü
äëÿ ñåáÿ ˜ At a very early age she
made up her mind to become an
actress.
manna from heaven
(bibl)
ìàííà íåáåñíàÿ ˜ Both sides
were losing hope of reaching agreement when the government made
a very helpful suggestion that was
manna from heaven.
mark time
òîïòàòüñÿ íà ìåñòå; òÿíóòü âðåìÿ; âîëûíèòü ˜ He’s only marking
time in this job until he gets one
more suited to his qualifications. ˜
We were just marking time until we
received our instructions.
meat and drink to smb
íóæåí êàê âîçäóõ/õëåá ˜ The
weekly letters from his son are
meat and drink to the old man. ˜
Music has been his meat and drink
for many years.
mean curtains
êðûøêà; êîíåö ˜ And be careful
how you drive. If you run into any-
105
meet one’s Waterloo
thing big in that car, it’ll mean curtains for you, my lad.
meet one’s Waterloo
(facet)
ïîòåðïåòü ïîðàæåíèå ˜ The thief
met his Waterloo when he tried to
rob our local judo champion.
meet oneself coming and going
âèäåòü íà êàæäîì øàãó/âñòðå÷íîì-ïîïåðå÷íîì (îá îäåæäå è
ò.ä.) ˜ With that hat, you won’t meet
yourself coming and going.
meet smb half way/halfway
ïîéòè íàâñòðå÷ó (ñäåëàòü
óñòóïêó) ˜ Bob wants to make up
after your fight and you should meet
him halfway.
milk smb (bone) dry
âûæàòü âñå ÷òî ìîæíî (ñèëû,
äåíüãè, ïîìîùü, èíôîðìàöèþ) ˜ If
Kipling was interested in a subject or
a way of life, he could fasten himself
on a man and milk him dry of all
relevant information in an hour or less.
mind one’s own business
íå ñîâàòü ñâîé íîñ (â ÷óæèå äåëà); çàíèìàòüñÿ ñâîèìè äåëàìè
˜ Leave me out of it, I’m minding
my own business.
mind one’s p’s and q’s
ïðîÿâëÿòü îñòîðîæíîñòü; ñîáëþäàòü öåðåìîíèè ˜ Matron’s not
very keen on a man for this job, so
you’d better mind your p’s and q’s
if you want to keep it.
mind over matter
ñèëà âîëè/äóõà ˜ Giving up
smoking is just a question of mind
over matter. ˜ I’m sure you can talk
yourself into believing that you’re
well. It’s a case of mind over matter.
miss the bus/boat
ïðîâîðîíèòü; ïðîçåâàòü; óïóñòèòü øàíñ; ïîåçä óøåë ˜ I meant
to send her a birthday card but I
missed the bus – her birthday was
last week. ˜ Ted could have
married Lena but he put off asking
her and missed the boat.
money for jam/old rope
ëåãêèå äåíüãè ˜ They pay me very
highly just to give them advice on
exporting to Eastern Europe – it’s
money for jam. ˜ Selling hamburgers from a prime position on
the beach is money for old rope.
money upfront
äåíüãè âïåðåä/íà áî÷êó ˜ He
was going to pay the rent at the end
of the season but the landlady demanded money upfront.
monkey business
(inf)
òåìíûå äåëèøêè ˜ He seems to
be involved in some monkey business or other.
moonlight
(v)
õàëòóðèòü (ïîäðàáàòûâàòü íà
ñòîðîíå) ˜ I don’t earn money as
a nurse so I moonlight as a waitress in the evening!
moonshine
(n)
ñàìîãîí ˜ Many farmers in this
region make their own moonshine.
106
mothball
(v)
ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó; îòëîæèòü â
neither here nor there
äîëãèé ÿùèê ˜ The new swimming
pool project was mothballed due to
the city council’s lack of funds.
move heaven and earth
ïóñòèòü â õîä âñå (ïðèëîæèòü
âñå óñèëèÿ); ãîðû ñâåðíóòü ˜ He
moved heaven and earth to get
them to agree to this plan. ˜ Joe
moved heaven and earth to be sent
to Washington.
move with the times
èäòè â íîãó ñî âðåìåíåì; íå
îòñòàâàòü îò æèçíè ˜ I don’t really
like using a computer, but you have
to move with the times, I suppose.
mud-slinging
(n)
îáëèâàíèå ãðÿçüþ; î÷åðíåíèå
(êëåâåòà) ˜ The defeated candidate alleged that his private life had
been used for mud-slinging.
muddy the waters
ìóòèòü âîäó ˜ Bringing up one
irrelevant fact after another, he succeeded in muddying the waters.
mum’s the word
ðîò íà çàìîê ˜ Don’t tell anyone
what I told you. Remember, mum’s
the word.
murder a language
óðîäîâàòü ÿçûê ˜ Roberto used
to murder English before he went
on the course.
Murphy’s law
çàêîí ïîäëîñòè; çàêîí áóòåðáðîäà ˜ While we were inflating
the hot-air balloon for the journey,
we became victims of Murphy’s
law: a gust of wind blew it into the
sea.
mutton dressed (up) as lamb
(derog)
ìîëîäèòüñÿ (â îäåæäå) ˜ Do you
think this skirt is too short? I don’t
want to look like mutton dressed
as lamb.
my better half
äðàæàéøàÿ ïîëîâèíà (î æåíå)
˜ I don’t know where we’re going
on holiday – ask my better half.
N
need smth like a hole in the
head
íóæåí êàê ñîáàêå ïÿòàÿ íîãà/êàê
ðûáêå çîíòèê/êàê òåëåãå ïÿòîå
êîëåñî ˜ With all my debts, I need
this electricity bill like I need a hole
in the head.
needle
(v)
ïîäêàëûâàòü; ïîäïóñêàòü øïèëüêè ˜ He kept needling me all evening.
neither fish nor fowl/neither
fish, flesh nor good red herring
íè ðûáà, íè ìÿñî; íè òî, íè ñå
˜ They felt he was neither fish nor
fowl – not qualified to lead the department, yet not appropriate to
work as a staff member either. ˜
The author seems undecided as
to whether his book should be a
light novel or a serious biography,
with the result that it is neither fish
nor flesh nor good red herring.
107
neither here nor there
1. íè ïðè ÷åì; íåâàæíî; íå èìåòü
neither/no rhyme nor/or reason
íèêàêîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ˜ Whether they
go or not is neither here nor there as
far as I’m concerned. ˜ The fact that
she’s Lord Dunvale’s daughter is
neither here nor there. She’ll lose her
driving licence, as would anyone
else caught driving a car in that
condition.
2. íå ïðèøåé, íå ïðèñòåãíè; íè
òî, íè ñå; íå ïðèøåé êîáûëå õâîñò
˜ Your comment – though interesting – is neither here nor there.
neither/no rhyme nor/or reason
(Am)
1. áåç âèäèìûõ ïðè÷èí; íè ñ òîãî,
íè ñ ñåãî ˜ I don’t know what makes
her behave like that. There’s no
rhyme or reason to it. ˜ Sometimes
I still get so depressed. There’s no
rhyme or reason for why all these
awful things have happened.
2. íè ñêëàäó, íè ëàäó; íè óìó,íè
ñåðäöó; áåññìûñëåííî ˜ This
memo has no rhyme or reason. ˜
People who sent in poems might
be told there was neither rhyme nor
reason in them.
never darken smb’s door again
(old-fash)
íå ïåðåñòóïàòü ïîðî㠘 Did her
father really tell you never to darken
his door again? How melodramatic!
never say die
íå âåøàòü íîñ; íå ñäàâàòüñÿ, íå
óíûâàòü ˜ This stage set doesn’t
look too promising, but never say
die, it may still work.
never set eyes on
â ãëàçà íå âèäåòü ˜ I wish I’d
never set eyes on her!
nip in the bud
ïðåñå÷ü â êîðíå ˜ John is getting into bad habits, and it’s best
to nip them in the bud.
no end of money
(inf)
ïðîðâà äåíå㠘 I’m afraid it will
cost us no end of money.
no great shakes
(inf)
íå àõòè ÷òî; íè÷åãî îñîáåííîãî
˜ He has written a book, but it’s
no great shakes.
no ifs and buts
íèêàêèõ «íî»; íèêàêèõ âîçðàæåíèé ˜ I want this work finished
before you go home, and I’ll have
no ifs or buts from any of you.
no love lost
âðàæäà; íå âûíîñèòü/íå òåðïåòü
äðóã äðóãà ˜ There’s no love lost
between those two. They could never
work together. ˜ They may be brothers
but there’s no love lost between them.
no peace/rest for the wicked
(humor)
íè ñíà, íè îòäûõà èçìó÷åííîé
äóøå; íè ìèíóòû ïîêîÿ ˜ “Oh,
dear, I’ll have to go,” Mrs Batey said
equably. “No peace for the wicked,
they say.” ˜I can’t talk – I’ve got to
finish this essay. There’s no rest
for the wicked.
no picnic
íå ñàõàð/íå ìåä (íå ðàçâëå÷åíèå) ˜ The sea is rough and the
salvage operation will be no picnic.
108
no room to swing a cat
ÿáëîêó íåãäå óïàñòü; íåãäå ïîâåð-
not for love or money
íóòüñÿ ˜ But you can’t possibly live
and work in this tiny flat. There isn’t
enough room to swing a cat.
no spring chicken
(humor)
íå ïåðâîé ìîëîäîñòè ˜ He must
be ten years older than Grace, and
she’s no spring chicken. ˜ I know
Sheila looks young, but I can tell you
she’s no spring chicken. – I should
know! I was in her class at school.
no sweat
(inf)
çàïðîñòî; ëåãêî ˜ Do you think
you’ll be able to manage all those
boxes yourself? – Yeah, no sweat!
no two ways about it
îäíîçíà÷íî ˜ The city can’t afford to keep the museum open,
there are no two ways about it.
nobody’s fool
íå ïðîìàõ ˜ In the classroom
and on the football field, Henry was
nobody’s fool.
noodle
(inf n)
áàøêà ˜ I bumped my noodle
against the beam.
not a patch on
â ïîäìåòêè íå ãîäèòüñÿ; íå èäòè
íè â êàêîå ñðàâíåíèå ˜ Her cooking is not a patch on my mother’s.
not all beer and skittles
íå ðàéñêèå êóùè; íå ñïëîøíîå
óäîâîëüñòâèå ˜ You’ll soon find
out that this job is not all beer and
skittles.
not all there
íå â ñâîåì óìå; íå âñå äîìà ˜
Joe acted queerly and talked wildly,
so we thought he was not all there.
not bat an eyelash/eyelid
ãëàçîì íå ìîðãíóòü; è áðîâüþ
íå âåñòè (íå âûêàçàòü ýìîöèé) ˜
He didn’t bat an eyelid when I told
him he was sacked.
not bloody likely
êàê áû íå òàê; äåðæè êàðìàí øèðå
˜ Will he get the job? – Not bloody
likely – he has no qualifications.
not born yesterday
íå ëûêîì øèò; íå â÷åðà ðîäèëñÿ; íå ïåðâûé äåíü çàìóæåì ˜
Surely you don’t expect me to believe that rubbish – I wasn’t born
yesterday, you know!
not budge/give an inch
íå óñòóïèòü íè íà éîòó ˜ We
need a compromise if we are going
to solve this matter amicably, but
Peter’s sticking to his point of view.
He won’t give an inch. ˜ I keep
asking her to think again, but she
won’t budge an inch.
not darken smb’s door (old-fash)
íå ïåðåñòóïàòü ïîðî㠘 He had
not darkened the door of a church
for a long time.
not fit to turn a dog out
õîðîøèé õîçÿèí ñîáàêó íå
âûãîíèò (î ïëîõîé ïîãîäå) ˜ It’s
not fit to turn a dog out tonight.
not for love or money
íè çà ÷òî íà ñâåòå; íè çà êàêèå
êîâðèæêè ˜ You won’t get a room
here, not for love or money.
109
not for the faint-hearted
not for the faint-hearted
íå äëÿ ñëàáîíåðâíûõ ˜ The
drive along the winding coast road
is not for the faint-hearted, particularly when it’s foggy.
not get a wink of sleep
íå ñîìêíóòü ãëàç ˜ I didn’t get a
wink of sleep on the plane.
not give a damn
(inf)
íàïëåâàòü; íå áðàòü â ãîëîâó;
÷èõàòü íà âñå ˜ He was unemployed, but he didn’t give a damn.
not give a hang/two pins
íà÷õàòü; íàïëåâàòü (íå îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèÿ) ˜ I don’t give a
hang what he says. ˜ This government doesn’t give two pins about
old-age pensioners.
not give a tinker’s toot
íàïëåâàòü; íà÷õàòü (íå ïðèíèìàòü âî âíèìàíèå) ˜ “I don’t give
a tinker’s toot what your mummy
thinks,” the Trunchbull yelled.
not have a clue
íå èìåòü íè ìàëåéøåãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ/ïîíÿòèÿ ˜ I don’t speak
Spanish, so I’m afraid I haven’t got
a clue what he’s telling us.
not have the heart to say smth
ÿçûê íå ïîâîðà÷èâàåòñÿ ñêàçàòü; äóõó íå õâàòàåò ˜ I haven’t
the heart to tell him he hasn’t any
hope of getting the job.
not have the foggiest/faintest
idea
íå èìåòü íè ìàëåéøåãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ/ïîíÿòèÿ ˜ I haven’t got
the faintest idea of what to buy them
for Christmas. ˜ What’s the time,
Bill? – I haven’t the foggiest idea.
not have the guts
êèøêà òîíêà; äóõó íå õâàòàòü ˜
He also saw in Lansbury the goodnatured pacifist who would not have
the guts to use force.
not hold water
(form)
íå âûäåðæèâàòü êðèòèêè ˜ His
explanation doesn’t hold water. ˜
They make it clear that the British
Government’s argument doesn’t
hold water.
not hurt a fly
ìóõè íå îáèäåòü ˜ Our dog looks
fierce, but he really wouldn’t hurt a fly.
not know smb from Adam
ïîíÿòèÿ íå èìåòü, êòî òàêîé ˜
He spoke to her in a friendly way,
but she didn’t know him from Adam.
not know the first thing about
smth
íå çíàòü àçîâ; íè áå, íè ìå; íè â
çóá íîãîé ˜ I’m afraid I don’t know
the first thing about cars.
not know whether one is coming
or going
çàìîòàòüñÿ; íå çíàòü, íà êàêîì
ñâåòå íàõîäèøüñÿ ˜ With this
company anniversary I don’t know
whether I’m coming or going.
not let the side down
íå ïîäêà÷àòü ˜ In our family, there
is a tradition of sons taking over the
farm from their fathers, and I hope
that my son won’t let the side down.
110
not worth a (red) cent/a bean
not lift a finger
ïàëåö î ïàëåö íå óäàðèòü; ïàëüöåì íå ïîøåâåëèòü ˜ She didn’t
lift a finger to prevent his arrest.
not mince matters
íå ñìÿã÷àòü/âûáèðàòü âûðàæåíèÿ; ãîâîðèòü áåç îáèíÿêî⠘ The
new president didn’t mince matters
and declared that the country was
facing the threat of war. ˜ He didn’t
mince matters – he just told her she
was useless.
not on your nelly
êàê áû íå òàê; äåðæè êàðìàí øèðå
˜ Will you lend me your car? – Not
on your nelly!
not one jot
íè íà éîòó; íè êàïåëüêè ˜ Mrs
Thorpe seemed a bit baffled but it
didn’t disconcert Mr Thorpe one jot.
not oneself
íå â ñåáå; íå â äóõå; íå â íàñòðîåíèè ˜ I’d better go home – I’m
not myself today. ˜ I think there’s
something wrong; he’s not himself.
not pull one’s punches
íå ñòåñíÿòüñÿ â âûðàæåíèÿõ; íå
âûáèðàòü âûðàæåíèé ˜ Tell me
what you think and don’t pull any
punches.
not put a foot wrong
íå îñòóïèòüñÿ; íå ñäåëàòü íåâåðíûé øà㠘 Since leaving
prison, Teshima hasn’t put a foot
wrong.
not put too fine a point on it
ãîâîðèòü ïðÿìî/áåç îáèíÿêî⠘
Not to put too fine a point on it, I’m
very dissatisfied with your work.
not sleep a wink
íå ñîìêíóòü ãëàç ˜ I didn’t sleep
a wink all night.
not the only pebble on the
beach
ñâåò êëèíîì íå ñîøåëñÿ ˜ You
should encourage her to understand
that he is very definitely not the only
pebble on the beach.
not know which way to turn
óìà íå ïðèëîæèòü (íå çíàòü, ÷òî
äåëàòü) ˜ He’s lost his job and
can’t pay the bills. On top of that
his wife’s left him. He simply doesn’t
know which way to turn.
not touch with a ten-foot pole
(Am)
íà ïóøå÷íûé âûñòðåë íå ïîäõîäèòü; äåðæàòüñÿ ïîäàëüøå; íå
ïðèòðàãèâàòüñÿ ˜ Ronald wouldn’t
touch raw oysters with a ten-foot
pole.
not trust smb an inch
ïàëåö â ðîò íå êëàäè ˜ He’s
charming enough but I wouldn’t trust
him an inch.
not turn a hair
ãëàçîì íå ìîðãíóòü; è áðîâüþ
íå âåäåò (íå âûêàçàòü ýìîöèé) ˜
He didn’t turn a hair when the madman ran towards him waving a knife.
not worth a (red) cent/a bean
ãðîøà ëîìàíîãî íå ñòîèòü ˜ The
book was old and it was not worth
a cent.
111
not worth one’s salt
not worth one’s salt
äàðîì õëåá åñòü ˜ If he can’t
even do that, he’s not worth his salt.
nothing to write home about
íå áîã âåñòü ÷òî/ñêîëüêî/êàê
(íè÷åãî îñîáåííîãî) ˜ I don’t know
why you think that girl is so pretty.
As far as I can see, she is nothing
to write home about. ˜ The restaurant was all right but nothing to write
home about.
nourish/nurse a viper in one’s
bosom
ïðèãðåòü çìåþ íà ãðóäè ˜ Betrayed
by her son at last month’s Board of
Directors meeting, Lady Brookes
realised that for 26 years she had
nourished a viper in her bosom.
O
odds and ends
âñÿêàÿ âñÿ÷èíà ˜ In the drawer
I found a candle, a bicycle bell, a
broken watch and other odds and
ends.
of a certain age
íå ïåðâîé ìîëîäîñòè; â âîçðàñòå ˜ He had discovered from
experience that women of a certain
age were flattered by the attention
of handsome young men.
off (one’s) guard
âðàñïëîõ ˜ Timmy’s question
caught Jean off guard, and she told
him the secret before she knew it.
off one’s chump/head/nut/
rocker
(inf)
ñïÿòèòü; áåëåíû îáúåñòüñÿ; íå â
ñâîåì óìå; òðîíóòûé; ÷îêíóòûé ˜
He must be off his chump to pay so
much money for old junk. ˜ Spending
that much on a car! He must be off
his rocker! ˜ You’re off your head if
you think I’ll pay your debts. ˜When
she said we had to sleep in the barn
we thought she was off her nut.
off the bottle
(inf)
çàâÿçàòü (î âûïèâêå) ˜ He’s off
the bottle.
off the cuff
(inf)
ýêñïðîìòîì; ñïîíòàííî; áåç
ïîäãîòîâêè ˜ Her remarks were off
the cuff, but very sensible. ˜ I had
no time to prepare a speech, so
I said a few words off the cuff.
of the first water
÷èñòîé âîäû; âûñøåé ïðîáû/
êà÷åñòâà ˜ He is a television journalist of the first water.
off the peg
off the rack
(Am)
ãîòîâîå ïëàòüå; ãîòîâàÿ îäåæäà
˜ If I buy trousers off the peg
they’re always too short. ˜ She has
all her clothes made; she never
buys a dress off the rack.
off the record
íå äëÿ ïðîòîêîëà ˜ This is off
the record, but I disagree with the
mayor on this matter.
off the top of one’s head (inf)
ñ õîäó; ñðàçó (áåç ïîäãîòîâêè)
˜ When asked what the company’s
profits were, he said he could only
give them some figures off the top
of his head.
112
on its/one’s last legs
oil the wheels
ñäâèíóòü ñ ìåñòà; óñêîðèòü
ïðîöåññ; óëàäèòü äåëî (ëåñòüþ,
äåíüãàìè) ˜ It would have taken a
long time to get permission to build a
new house but fortunately my Father
knew the chairman of the planning
committee and that helped to oil the
wheels a bit. ˜ An aid programme
was established to oil the wheels of
economic reform in the region.
old hat
â÷åðàøíèé äåíü ˜ A 24-hour
banking service may seem old hat
in the United States, but it’s still
innovative in Europe.
on a knife-edge
íà êðàþ ïðîïàñòè ˜ The theatre
is on a financial knife-edge and
I must sell 75% of its seats every
night to survive.
on a (silver) platter
íà áëþäå÷êå (ñ ãîëóáîé êàåìî÷êîé) ˜ The Opposition has been
handed this issue on a platter.
on a roll
íà ïîäúåìå ˜ ‘United’ are on a
roll right now. They’ve won thirteen
games in a row.
on a shoestring
(inf)
«òîùèé» áþäæåò; íà êîïåéêè/íà
ãðîøè` ˜ A British science fiction film
made on a shoestring budget is
taking America by storm. ˜ The restaurant is run on a shoestring, so we
can’t afford to take on any more staff.
on all fours
(inf)
íà ÷åòâåðåíüêàõ; íà êàðà÷êàõ ˜
He went up the steep path on all
fours. ˜ I dropped a contact lens
and spent an hour on all fours looking for it.
on bended knees
íà êîëåíÿõ; óíèæåííî ˜ He was
willing to go to her father on bended
knees to ask if he could marry her.
on cloud nine
íà ñåäüìîì íåáå (îò ñ÷àñòüÿ) ˜
She has been on cloud nine ever
since she was offered the job in
Rotterdam.
on edge
íà âçâîäå; äåðãàòüñÿ (íåðâíè÷àòü) ˜ Tom’s terribly on edge. He’s
waiting for his new passport to
come by post. He’s flying to Madrid tomorrow.
on ice
(sl)
íà ìàçè; â êàðìàíå ˜ The score
was 20:10, and our team had the
game on ice. ˜ The contract is on
ice. We’re just going to check all
the details.
on one’s doorstep
ðóêîé ïîäàòü ˜ It must be awful
to live in the middle of town. – It’s all
right, once you’re used to it. You’ve
got everything right on your doorstep.
on one’s guard
íà÷åêó; äåðæàòü óõî âîñòðî ˜
He was trying to trick me but I was
on my guard all the time.
on its/one’s last legs
(fig)
äûøàòü íà ëàäàí ˜ My washing
machine is on its last legs – I’ve
113
on pins and needles
had it 25 years. ˜ It looks as if her
granny is on her last legs now.
on pins and needles
êàê íà èãîëêàõ ˜ The students
were all on pins and needles waiting for their exam results.
on Shank’s/shanks’s mare
íà ñâîèõ äâîèõ (ïåøêîì) ˜ If my
car won’t start I have to get to work
on Shank’s mare.
on spec
íà àâîñü (ðèñêíóòü â íàäåæäå
íà ÷-ë) ˜ You could always turn up
at the airport on spec and see
what’s available on the day. ˜
I didn’t have an appointment, but
I went along on spec and they were
able to give me one.
on tenterhooks
êàê íà èãîëêàõ ˜ We were all on
tenterhooks waiting to hear the result of the general election.
on the alert
(Am)
íà÷åêó; äåðæàòü óõî âîñòðî ˜ We
were all on the alert for any sound
that might tell us where he was.
on the blink
áàðàõëèòü (áûòü â íåèñïðàâíîñòè); âûõîäèòü èç ñòðîÿ ˜
I think the photocopier’s on the
blink. ˜ We had to have the washing done at the laundry because our
machine was on the blink.
on the bottle
(inf)
ïîääàâàòü (âûïèâàòü) ˜ Chao is
a completely different person when
he’s on the bottle.
on the button
(Am inf)
ïîïàñòü â ÿáëî÷êî/â öåëü; íå â
áðîâü, à â ãëàç ˜ Your remarks
about Tim were right on the button.
He’s arrogant, rude and selfish.
on the cards
ê ãàäàëêå íå õîäè (ýòî î÷åâèäíî) ˜ It’s on the cards that they’ll
buy a house soon.
on the cheap
ïî äåøåâêå; äàðîì; çà áåñöåíîê
˜ She got some clothes on the
cheap.
on the crest of the wave
íà ïèêå ïîïóëÿðíîñòè; íà âåðøèíå ñëàâû ˜ Both men have
chosen to make foreign tours at a
time when they are on the crest of
the wave politically.
on the dot
òèê â òèê; ìèíóòà â ìèíóòó; òþòåëüêà â òþòåëüêó ˜ The first
customers arrived on the dot of 9 am.
˜ Shops in this part of the city shut
at 5.30 pm on the dot.
on the face of it
íà ïîâåðõíîñòè; íà ïåðâûé
âçãëÿä ˜ On the face of it, the
problem was quite easy, but it actually turned out to be very difficult.
on the fly
(Am)
íà õîäó; íà ëåòó; ìåæäó äåëîì ˜
She was the sort of person who would
make decisions on the fly rather than
allowing herself time to think.
114
on the go
(inf)
â äåëàõ; â áåãàõ; íà íîãàõ; íè
on the skids
ìèíóòû áåç äåëà; êðóòèòüñÿ êàê
áåëêà â êîëåñå ˜ I’ve been on the
go all morning and I’m exhausted.
˜ He’s always on the go from morning till night.
on the ground floor
äåëàòü ïåðâûå øàãè ˜ We are on
the ground floor and that’s why our
company has got some difficulties.
on the hop
âðàñïëîõ ˜ He wasn’t expecting
to be asked such detailed questions
– we rather caught him on the hop.
on the house
(inf)
ôèðìà ïëàòèò (ðàñõîäû çà ñ÷åò
ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ) ˜ To celebrate Jim’s
birthday, drinks and refreshments
are on the house tonight.
on the level
áåç îáìàíà; ïî-÷åñòíîìó ˜ Tell
me, on the level, what has happened to the car?
on the mend
(inf)
èäòè íà ïîïðàâêó ˜ My broken
leg is already on the mend.
on the nail
áåç ïðîâîëî÷åê
` (íåìåäëåííî) ˜
He paid cash on the nail and took
the car away with him.
on the off-chance
íà àâîñü (â ñëàáîé íàäåæäå íà
óñïåõ) ˜ When her husband didn’t
return home, she went to the bar, on
the off-chance of finding him there.
on the receiving end
äîñòàâàòüñÿ (î íåïðèÿòíîñòÿõ);
ñòðàäàòü ˜ When the volcano
erupts, the lava usually flows harmlessly away from our village, but last
year we were on the receiving end.
˜ It seems I’m always on the receiving end of his bad moods.
on the right track
íà âåðíîì/ïðàâèëüíîì ïóòè ˜
I knew then that my wife and I were
on the right track with our children,
that everything we had worked for
could come true. ˜ We want to design
an affordable, eco-friendly car. There
are one or two serious problems but
basically we’re on the right track.
on the run
â áåãàõ (ñêðûâàòüñÿ îò ïðåñëåäîâàíèÿ) ˜ He has been on the run
ever since the police discovered his
hideout.
on the safe side
íà âñÿêèé (ïîæàðíûé) ñëó÷àé ˜
They will leave for the station at
least an hour before the train leaves,
just to be on the safe side.
on the same wavelength
ãîâîðèòü íà îäíîì ÿçûêå; ïîíèìàòü ñ ïîëóñëîâà ˜ I can’t understand her – I’m just not on her wavelength. ˜ Although I belonged to
their children’s generation I found
myself very much on their wavelength, often exchanging friendly
glances with them.
on the skids
(Am inf)
îáðå÷åííûé íà ïðîâàë/ãèáåëü ˜
Their business had been on the
skids for months; their latest report
of big profits looked suspicious.
115
on the sly
on the sly
âòèõàðÿ; èñïîäòèøêà; ïîä øóìîê (òàéêîì, óêðàäêîé) ˜ I think
he’s helping himself to the firm’s
stationery on the sly.
on the square
÷èñò êàê ñòåêëûøêî; àáñîëþòíî
÷åñòåí; ïî-÷åñòíîìó ˜ Not many
successful businessmen can
claim to have always acted on the
square. ˜ So this guy you’re buying a car from – do you think he’s
on the square?
on the take
ïðîäàæíûé, êîðûñòíûé; âçÿòî÷íèê ˜ I don’t believe that the mayor
is on the take.
on the tiles
â çàãóëå ˜ We spent a night on
the tiles.
on the tip of one’s tongue
âåðòåòüñÿ íà ÿçûêå ˜ Her name
is on the tip of my tongue. ˜ I know
this, no, no, don’t tell me, it’s on
the tip of my tongue.
on the wagon
(inf)
çàâÿçàòü (î âûïèâêå) ˜ I’ve been
on the wagon three months now.
on the wrong track
íà ëîæíîì ïóòè ˜ You’ll never
get the right answer. You’re on the
wrong track.
on top of the world
ëèêîâàòü; íà âåðõó áëàæåíñòâà;
êóì êîðîëþ ˜ Bill was on top of
the world when he found out that
he got into college. ˜ She’d just
discovered she was pregnant and
she felt on top of the world.
once and for all
ðàç è íàâñåãäà ˜ I’m telling you
once and for all. No, I won’t lend
you another $50.
once in a blue moon
â êîè-òî âåêè; ðàç â ñòî ëåò ˜
I seldom go to a movie – maybe
once in a blue moon.
one for the road
ïîñîøîê íà äîðîæêó (ðþìêà íà
ïðîùàíèå) ˜ It’s just about time we
were heading home – let’s just have
one for the road and then we’ll go.
one’s heart bleeds
ñåðäöå êðîâüþ îáëèâàåòñÿ ˜ My
heart bleeds for the poor children
caught up in the fighting.
one’s heart is in one’s mouth/
boots
äóøà/ñåðäöå â ïÿòêè óõîäèò ˜
His heart was in his mouth as he
watched the firemen trying to reach
the child on the roof of the burning
building. ˜ The boy’s heart was in
his boots as he arrived home because he knew his mother would
be angry with him for tearing his
jersey.
one’s heart isn’t in it
äóøà íå ëåæèò ˜ He should try to
find another job because his heart
is simply not in his work at all.
one’s own master/man
âîëüíûé êàçàê; âîëüíàÿ ïòèöà ˜
His expression hardened at the
116
out of step with the times
thought of working for somebody
else, of no longer being his own
master.
or I’m a Dutchman
äàòü ãîëîâó íà îòñå÷åíèå; ÿ íå
ÿ ˜ There will be snow this week,
or I’m a Dutchman.
out at the elbows
îáíîñèòüñÿ; áûòü áåäíî îäåòûì
˜ When we last saw Phil he was
out at the elbows.
out for the count
âûðóáèòüñÿ (ïîòåðÿòü ñîçíàíèå)
˜ I can’t say what happened then,
since I was out for the count.
out in the cold
íà áîáàõ; â äóðàêàõ; çà áîðòîì;
ïðè ïèêîâîì èíòåðåñå (íè ïðè
÷åì, íè ñ ÷åì) ˜ Some workers
were left out in the cold in the recent wage agreement with their
employers. ˜ Women’s football
teams feel they are left out in the
cold as far as media coverage is
concerned.
out of favour
â íåìèëîñòè ˜ Peter criticised his
boss yesterday and now he’s out
of favour.
out of one’s mind
ñïÿòèòü; íå â ñâîåì óìå ˜ He
plans to cross the Sahara on rollerskates. He must be out of his
mind.
out of pocket
îñòàòüñÿ âíàêëàäå (ïîòðàòèòüñÿ)
˜ I’ll give you the money for my
ticket now, so you won’t be out of
pocket.
out of print
ðàçîéòèñü; çàêîí÷èòüñÿ (î
òèðàæå) ˜ The bookshop couldn’t
order the book I wanted because it
was out of print. ˜ The book is out
of print. An edition of one thousand
copies was sold and no more copies were printed.
out of shape
íå â ôîðìå ˜ He seems to be
out of shape for this race.
out of sight
(Am)
íåïîìåðíûé; íåìûñëèìûé; ôàíòàñòè÷åñêè îãðîìíûé ˜ The cost
of health care in this country is
going out of sight. ˜ These executives in big corporations get salaries that are out of sight.
out of nowhere
êàê ñíåã íà ãîëîâó ˜ He arrived
out of nowhere, without letting us
know he was in the area.
out of sorts
íå â ñåáå; íå â äóõå; íå â íàñòðîåíèè; êóêñèòüñÿ ˜ He’s been a
little out of sorts since they told him
to stay at home. ˜ Don’t ask him
to stay; he’s out of sorts.
out of one’s element
íå â ñâîåé ñòèõèè; íå â ñâîåé
òàðåëêå ˜ He felt out of his element at such a formal occasion.
out of step with the times
èäòè íå â íîãó ñî âðåìåíåì;
îòñòàâàòü îò æèçíè ˜ The developer had been so out of step with the
117
`
out of the blue
times that he hadn’t even bulldozed
the trees and seawalled the river.
out of the blue
êàê ñíåã íà ãîëîâó ˜ Rosalind’s
ex-husband has turned up again out
of the blue, saying he wants her to
give him a second chance.
out of the frying pan (and) into
the fire
èç îãíÿ äà â ïîëûìÿ ˜ I changed
my job because it was boring, but
I soon realised I had jumped out of
the frying pan into the fire.
out of the question
è ðå÷è áûòü íå ìîæåò; íåâîçìîæíî ˜ You can’t go to Florida
this spring. We can’t afford it. It’s
out of the question.
out of the running
íå ñâåòèòü (íå èìåòü øàíñîâ íà
óñïåõ) ˜ After seeing how well his
friend had done, Tom realized that
he was out of the running for the job.
out of the top drawer
èç âûñøåãî îáùåñòâà ˜ I don’t
know anything about art, and I haven’t
met any grand people. I’m not what
he calls ‘out of the top drawer’.
so out of touch, they’ve never even
heard of Ecstasy. ˜ I’ve been out
of touch with automobile mechanics
for many years.
2. ïîòåðÿòü èç âèäó; íå ïîääåðæèâàòü îòíîøåíèÿ ˜ John and Mark
have been out of touch for years.
outshine
(v)
çàòìèòü ˜ Never try to outshine
your boss, even if you believe she or
he is less competent than you are.
over one’s dead body
÷åðåç ìîé òðóï ˜ They will get
Penbrook Farm only over my dead
body.
over smb’s head
1. âûøå ÷-ë ïîíèìàíèÿ ˜ Mary
laughed just to be polite, but the
joke was really over her head.
2. ÷åðåç ÷-ë ãîëîâó (äåéñòâîâàòü) ˜ He was promoted over the
head of three people who were
senior to him.
over the hill
ïîä ãîðêó (î âîçðàñòå) ˜ In the
world of pop music, people think
you’re over the hill at the age of
twenty-five.
out of thin air
âûñîñàòü èç ïàëüöà; âçÿòüñÿ èç
íèîòêóäà ˜ The teacher scolded
Dick because his story was made
out of thin air. ˜ A crisis had materialised out of thin air.
over the moon
íà ñåäüìîì íåáå (îò ñ÷àñòüÿ);
ïîòåðÿòü ãîëîâó; áûòü âíå ñåáÿ (îò
ðàäîñòè) ˜ He’s a grandfather for the
first time. And he’s over the moon
about it. ˜ When she found out she
was pregnant she was over the moon.
out of touch
1. îòñòàòü îò æèçíè; áûòü íå â
êóðñå ˜ Some of these judges are
over the top
(inf)
ïåðåáîð; ÷åðåñ÷óð; ïåðåáîðùèòü ˜ I think pink champagne and
118
pass the baton
caviar was a bit over the top for a
twelve-year-old’s birthday party. ˜
They’ve gone a bit over the top with
the Christmas decorations this year.
overnight
(adv)
â îäíî÷àñüå ˜ He rose to international fame almost overnight.
overplay one’s hand
âçÿòü íà ñåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî;
ïåðåîöåíèòü ñâîè ñèëû ˜ US officials tried to persuade Nazarbayev
he had overplayed his hand, that
he would lose any prospects for
economic and technical assistance
by holding onto weapons.
overstep the mark
âûéòè çà ðàìêè (ïðèëè÷èé) ˜ You
overstepped the mark with that
impolite comment.
P
packed like sardines
êàê ñåëüäè â áî÷êå ˜ The beach
was tiny and bathers were packed
like sardines.
paint oneself into a corner
çàãíàòü ñåáÿ â óãîë ˜ I’ve
painted myself into a corner here.
Having said I won’t take less than
$20 an hour, I can’t then be seen
to accept a job that pays less.
paint the town red
(Am)
óñòðîèòü øóìíóþ ïîïîéêó; óäàðèòüñÿ â çàãóë ˜ Jack finished his
exams today so he’s gone out to
paint the town red. ˜ He inherited
a lot of money and proceeded to
paint the town red.
parched
(adj)
â ãîðëå ïåðåñîõëî ˜ It was so
hot, I was parched.
paper over the cracks
ñãëàæèâàòü îñòðûå óãëû (óñòðàíÿòü ðàçíîãëàñèÿ, ïðîòèâîðå÷èÿ)
˜ He was very anxious, after a
stormy board meeting, that they
should paper over the cracks and
present their decision as
unanimous.
parrot-fashion
(inf)
êàê ïîïóãàé (ïîâòîðÿòü) ˜ He just
repeats what his father says, parrot-fashion.
part company
ðàçîéòèñü êàê â ìîðå êîðàáëè ˜
My husband and I finally parted
company because he was having
an affair with another woman!
part of the furniture
(inf)
ïðèìåëüêàòüñÿ; ïåðåñòàòü çàìå÷àòü (î ëþäÿõ, âåùàõ) ˜ After
twenty years in the firm, Julia had
become part of the furniture, and
younger executives were promoted
while she remained at the same job.
˜ He had become part of the
furniture of British politics.
pass the baton
ïåðåäàòü ýñòàôåòó/áðàçäû ïðàâëåíèÿ ˜ If Ron’s still ill, who’s
going to be in charge of organizing
the conference? – He’s passed the
baton over to Jill until he’s well
enough to return to work. ˜ Dougal
resigns as head of the treasury this
month, passing the baton to one
of his closest associates.
119
pass the buck
pass the buck
(inf)
âàëèòü ñ áîëüíîé ãîëîâû íà
çäîðîâóþ; óâèëèâàòü îò îòâåòñòâåííîñòè ˜ Don’t try to pass the
buck! It’s your fault, and everybody knows it. ˜ Parents often
try to pass the buck to teachers
when children misbehave in
school.
pass the hat around/round
ïóñòèòü øàïêó ïî êðóãó ˜ We’re
passing the hat round for Simon’s
leaving present. ˜ When Tom had
an accident and was out of work,
his colleagues passed round the hat
for him.
pat smb on the back
ãëàäèòü ïî ãîëîâêå; õâàëèòü ˜
We patted Ann on the back for a
good performance.
pave the way
ïîäãîòîâèòü ïî÷âó ˜ A peace
agreement last year paved the way
for this week’s elections.
pay over the odds
âëåòåòü â êîïåå÷êó; ïåðåïëàòèòü ñ ëèõâîé ˜ It’s a nice enough
car but I’m sure she paid over the
odds for it.
peanuts
(Am inf n)
êðîõè; êîïåéêè; ãðîøè ˜ This
salary is peanuts.
penny-wise and pound- foolish
(old-fash)
ýêîíîìèòü íà ñïè÷êàõ ˜ John
drives thirty miles to buy gas for
three cents a gallon less than it
costs here. He’s really penny-wise
and pound-foolish.
phony/phoney
(adj)
ëèïîâûé; ôàëüøèâûé; ëîæíûé
˜ She was arrested for passing
phony ten-dollar bills.
pick and choose
êîâûðÿòüñÿ; êîïàòüñÿ; ïðèâåðåäíè÷àòü ˜ Some people pick
and choose to get something perfect, and some just because they
can’t make up their minds.
pick to pieces
ðàçäðàêîíèòü; ðàçíåñòè â ïóõ è
ïðàõ (êðèòèêîâàòü) ˜ The new editor
picked her manuscript to pieces. ˜
It’s discouraging because every time
I show him a bit of work I’ve done,
he picks it to pieces.
pay through the nose
ïëàòèòü âòðèäîðîãà ˜ If you want
a really good car you have to pay
through the nose for it.
pigeon-hole/pigeonhole
(v)
1. îòëîæèòü â äîëãèé ÿùèê; ïîëîæèòü ïîä ñóêíî ˜ His plan was
pigeonholed.
2. âåøàòü ÿðëûêè ˜ The manager
pigeon-holed Tim as a trouble-maker.
peace and quiet
òèøèíà è ïîêîé ˜ Turn this
music down! Some people in this
house are trying to get some Sunday morning peace and quiet.
pick up one’s marbles (and go
home)
(Am)
âûéòè èç èãðû ˜ If you don’t like
the way we do things around here,
well, you can pick up your marbles
120
play a trick on smb
and leave. ˜ Many Asians regard a
US presence as a desirable counterweight to Japanese influence.
No one wants the US to pick up its
marbles and go home.
pick up the tab
âçÿòü íà ñåáÿ ðàñõîäû ˜ The
company picked up the tab for the
annual picnic.
pigs may/might fly
ïîñëå äîæäè÷êà â ÷åòâåðã
(íèêîãäà) ˜ Sure he’ll pay for the
drinks – and pigs may fly.
pile it on thick
ïåðåáîðùèòü (î êðèòèêå, ïîõâàëå); ïðåóâåëè÷èâàòü; çàãíóòü ˜
John gave a good talk at the conference, but Dawson was piling it
on thick when he spoke of ‘an unforgettable experience’.
pile on the agony
(inf)
ïðèêèäûâàòüñÿ íåñ÷àñòíûì;
áèòü íà æàëîñòü ˜ He was really
piling on the agony, saying he was
heart-broken and hadn’t got anything left to live for.
pin money
äåíüãè íà áóëàâêè ˜ He tutors
for pin money. It’s not enough to
live on.
pin one’s hope/faith on smb
(Am)
âîçëàãàòü íàäåæäû ˜ Britain’s
athletes have not done very well so
far this year, but this afternoon we
are pinning our hopes on Lorna
Smith. ˜ Don’t pin your faith on
Tom. He’s not dependable.
pin smb’s ears back
(sl)
äàòü ïî ìîçãàì; çàäàòü æàðó/
òðåïêó ˜ Tom pinned my ears back
because I insulted him.
pin the blame on smb
(inf)
êàòèòü áî÷êó; âñåõ ñîáàê âåøàòü
(îáâèíÿòü) ˜ I didn’t take the
money. Don’t try to pin the blame
on me. I wasn’t even there.
pinch and scrape
ïåðåáèâàòüñÿ ñ õëåáà íà êâàñ;
íà âñåì ýêîíîìèòü ˜ We really
have to pinch and scrape to afford
a holiday on my husband’s salary.
pinch money/pennies
òðÿñòèñü íàä êàæäîé êîïåéêîé
˜ There’s no need to pinch money
now that you’re working full-time.
pinpoint accuracy
þâåëèðíàÿ ðàáîòà; ñ þâåëèðíîé
òî÷íîñòüþ ˜ The surgeon performed the complicated operation
with pinpoint accuracy.
piping hot
ñ ïûëó, ñ æàðó; ñ îãíÿ; êèïÿòîê
˜ All the food was served piping
hot. ˜ A pie is piping hot out of the
oven. ˜ Watch out! The water is
piping hot!
plain sailing
èäòè êàê ïî ìàñëó ˜ Once we have
got the money, it will be plain sailing.
play a trick on smb
ðàçûãðûâàòü ê-ë ˜ My children
often play tricks on me, like hiding
my spectacles and putting spiders
in my shoes.
121
play ball with
play ball with
(inf)
èìåòü äåëî ñ ê-ë; ñîòðóäíè÷àòü
˜ I tried to get him to help but he
wouldn’t play ball. ˜ The opposing
attorneys refused to play ball with us.
play dirty
(inf)
âåñòè íå÷åñòíóþ èãðó ˜ He
loses his temper from time to time,
but he never plays dirty.
play footsie
(inf)
çàèãðûâàòü; ôëèðòîâàòü; êîêåòíè÷àòü ˜ They shouldn’t play
footsie at a formal dinner. ˜ Politicians are playing footsie with government officials.
play for time
òÿíóòü ðåçèíó/âðåìÿ ˜ Play for
time – tell them we need more information from them before we can
make a decision.
play gooseberry
(inf)
òðåòèé ëèøíèé ˜ I’m certainly not
coming with you and your fiancee
`
– I hate playing gooseberry.
play hard to get
(inf)
íàáèâàòü ñåáå öåíó; ñòðîèòü èç
ñåáÿ íåäîòðîãó ˜ I’ve asked her to
go out with me several times but she
always says she’s busy. I’m not sure
whether it’s true or she’s just playing
hard to get. ˜ Sally annoys all the
boys because she plays hard to get.
play hardball
(Am)
çàíÿòü æåñòêóþ ïîçèöèþ;
ïðèìåíÿòü ñèëîâûå ïðèåìû ˜
It’s only a month before the election, and I’m sure they’ll start to
play hardball.
play hooky/hookey
(Am inf)
ïðîãóëèâàòü óðîêè ˜ Any kid
who’s not in school at this time of
day must be playing hooky.
play into smb’s hands
èãðàòü íà` ðóêó ê-ë; ëèòü âîäó íà
÷-ë ìåëüíèöó; ïîäûãðàòü ˜ By
accepting the money he has played
right into my hands. ˜ The senator
played right into the hands of her
opponents when she backed that
unpopular amendment to the tax
bill.
play it by ear
ïðèñëóøàòüñÿ ê âíóòðåííåìó
ãîëîñó; ñîðèåíòèðîâàòüñÿ ïî
îáñòàíîâêå/íà ìåñòå ˜ He was
surprised when he was called
into his employer’s office, but
decided to remain calm and play
it by ear.
play (it) safe
íå èäòè íà ðèñê ˜ The Germans
played it safe and made just that
one swift pass over our field and
then beat it for home.
play one’s cards close to one’s
chest
«äåðæàòü êàðòû áëèæå ê îðäåíàì»; íå ïîêàçûâàòü êàðòû ˜ I’m
sure he has some scheme in mind,
but he’s playing his cards very close
to his chest and I don’t know what
his scheme is.
play the fool
(inf)
âàëÿòü âàíüêó/äóðàêà; äóðà÷èòüñÿ ˜ He always played the
fool when the teacher left the
classroom.
122
pot
play to the gallery
ðàáîòàòü/èãðàòü íà ïóáëèêó ˜
Politicians these days are more interested in playing to the gallery
than exercising real influence on
world events.
play truant
ïðîãóëèâàòü óðîêè ˜ Of the five
missing pupils, the teacher reckoned that two were ill and three
were playing truant.
played out
êàê âûæàòûé ëèìîí; åäâà íà íîãàõ
äåðæàòüñÿ; èçìî÷àëåííûé ˜ She
was busy spring-cleaning all day, and
by the evening she was played out.
plonk (on) the piano
áðåí÷àòü íà ðîÿëå/ïèàíèíî ˜
After a few drinks in the bar she
usually starts plonking on the piano
and we sing a song or two.
plough
(v)
çàðóáèòü, çàâàëèòü (íà ýêçàìåíå) ˜ Ten students were ploughed
in Physics this year.
pluck up one’s courage
íàáðàòüñÿ õðàáðîñòè; ñîáðàòüñÿ
ñ äóõîì ˜ Come on, Ann, make the
dive. Pluck up your courage, do it.
pocket one’s pride
ñïðÿòàòü ãîðäîñòü â êàðìàí ˜
But he needed the aid and companionship of his wife. Pocketing his
badly damaged pride, he hurried to
the door of Madam’s locked room.
poke fun at
ïîòåøàòüñÿ íàä ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ James
poked fun at the new pupil because her speech was not like the
other pupils’.
poke one’s nose
(derog inf)
ñîâàòü íîñ (â ÷óæèå äåëà) ˜ He
is always poking his nose into my
affairs.
poles apart
êàê íåáî è çåìëÿ (îòëè÷àòüñÿ);
äèàìåòðàëüíî ïðîòèâîïîëîæíû
˜ They are poles apart in their attitude to education.
polish the apple
ïðîãíóòüñÿ; ïîäìàçàòüñÿ (ïîäõàëèìíè÷àòü) ˜ Susan is the
teacher’s pet because she always
polishes the apple.
pooh-pooh
(v)
îòìàõíóòüñÿ; îòîãíàòü (ìûñëü)
˜ I asked my parents if I could go
to Australia with my friends but
they pooh-poohed the idea.
poor-mouth
(Am inf v)
ïðèáåäíÿòüñÿ ˜ He often poormouthed his chances of winning
the election.
post-mortem/post mortem
(fig Lat)
«ðàçáîð ïîëåòîâ» (àíàëèç ñîáûòèÿ) ˜ After every case is wrapped
up, the District Attorney and his
staff always conduct a postmortem to see if they could’ve done
a better job.
pot
(n)
òðàâêà (íàðêîòèê) ˜ He sometimes smokes pot.
123
pots of money
pots of money
ìåøêè äåíå㠘 They’ve got pots of
money but they never spend any of it.
potty
(inf adj)
ïîìåøàííûé; ñ óìà ñõîäèòü îò
÷-ë/ê-ë ˜ He is potty about Jane.
˜ Otto is potty about rock music.
pour cold water
âûëèòü óøàò õîëîäíîé âîäû
(ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü); îñòóäèòü/îõëàäèòü ïûë ˜ Ria didn’t want to pour
cold water on his dreams. ˜ “Oh,
I think for a restaurant like that he’d
need a proper laundry,” – Rosemary
poured cold water on the scheme.
pour money down the drain
áðîñàòü äåíüãè íà âåòåð ˜
You’re pouring money down the
drain. What a waste!
pour oil on troubled waters
óëàæèâàòü êîíôëèêòû ˜ Bob is
the kind of person who pours oil on
troubled water.
pour one’s heart out
èçëèâàòü äóøó ˜ I’d only met him
once, and here he was, pouring out
his heart to me.
pregnant pause/silence
íàïðÿæåííàÿ/ìíîãîçíà÷èòåëüíàÿ ïàóçà ˜ The jokes are not so
funny, after all. It’s the perfect
timing, the pregnant pause in
exactly the right place, that makes
their act such a success.
presence of mind
ïðèñóòñòâèå äóõà ˜ Thanks to
the pilot’s presence of mind, the
burning plane landed safely.
press/push one’s luck
(inf)
èñêóøàòü ñóäüáó ˜ I think he’s
pushing his luck to ask for another
day off this week. ˜ If you’re lucky
at first, don’t press your luck.
pressed for time
âðåìåíè â îáðåç; âðåìÿ ïîäæèìàåò ˜ Do hurry up – I’m pressed
for time.
prick one’s ears up/prick up
one’s ears
(inf)
íàâîñòðèòü óøè; äåðæàòü óøêè
íà ìàêóøêå ˜ Eve pricked her
ears up when she heard her name
being mentioned.
practice what one preaches
ñëîâà íå ðàñõîäÿòñÿ ñ äåëîì ˜
He says he’s a supporter of comprehensive education, but he doesn’t
practise what he preaches – his son
is at boarding school.
pride of place
ïî÷åòíîå ìåñòî ˜ Among the
thousands of shots, these would
have pride of place in all the
different homes over Dublin. ˜
Works by contemporary artists are
given pride of place in the
exhibition.
praise to the skies
ðàñõâàëèâàòü äî íåáåñ ˜ He
should be good – his last boss
praises him to the skies.
promise everything but the
kitchen sink
ñóëèòü çëàòûå ãîðû ˜ A politician who promises everything but
124
pull smb/smth up short
the kitchen sink during a campaign
loses the voters’ respect.
promise the earth/moon (and
the stars)
ñóëèòü çëàòûå ãîðû ˜ My boss
promised the moon, but only paid
the minimum wage. ˜ He had
promised her the earth but five
years later they were still living in
the same small house.
pull a boner
(sl)
äàòü ìàõó (ñîâåðøèòü îøèáêó)
˜ I just pulled a real boner. I left the
directions on the table back there.
pull a fast one on smb
(inf)
íàêîëîòü; íàäóòü; ïðîêàòèòü (îáìàíóòü) ˜ He certainly pulled a fast
one on me. ˜ I paid him for six
bottles of champagne, but he
pulled a fast one on me and gave
me six bottles of cheap wine.
pull a (long) face
êîð÷èòü ðîæè; ãðèìàñíè÷àòü ˜
“I hate pepperoni pizza!” he said,
pulling a face.
pull chestnuts out of the fire
òàñêàòü êàøòàíû èç îãíÿ (ïîäâåðãàòüñÿ îïàñíîñòè âìåñòî ê-ë) ˜
I had pulled the chestnuts out of the
fire for him on several occasions and
was unwilling to do it again.
pull one’s socks up
âçÿòüñÿ çà óì/äåëî; ïîäíàæàòü;
ðàáîòàòü íå ðàçãèáàÿ ñïèíû ˜
You’re going to fail this course unless you pull your socks up. ˜ He’s
going to have to pull his socks up
if he wants to stay in the team.
pull one’s weight
ðàáîòàòü â ïîëíóþ ñèëó/ñ ïîëíîé îòäà÷åé; âûêëàäûâàòüñÿ ˜
The rest of the team complained
that Sarah wasn’t pulling her weight.
˜ You must keep more regular
hours if you want to pull your weight
in this organization.
pull oneself together
âçÿòü ñåáÿ â ðóêè ˜ At first she
was terrified, then she pulled herself together.
pull out all the stops
âûëîæèòüñÿ äî êîíöà; ïðèëîæèòü
âñå óñèëèÿ (äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ öåëè)
˜ We’ll have to pull out all the stops
if we want to get home before dark.
˜ They pulled out all the stops for
their daughter’s wedding.
pull rank
(inf)
ïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ñëóæåáíûì
ïîëîæåíèåì ˜ Councillors who
are not on official business have
no right to borrow a car and
shouldn’t attempt to pull rank with
attendants in the city car-pool. ˜
She was boss of forty or more people but, to her credit, she never
once pulled rank.
pull smb’s leg
ðàçûãðûâàòü; ìîðî÷èòü ãîëîâó;
äóðà÷èòü ˜ You haven’t really got
a black mark on your face – he’s
only pulling your leg.
pull smb/smth up short
îñòàíàâëèâàòü íà ïîëíîì ñêàêó;
îäåðíóòü (çàñòàâèòü áðîñèòü ÷-ë)
˜ Our business in the country was
doing very well until the political
125
pull strings/wires
troubles pulled us up short and we
had to leave. ˜ The doctor also
knew that people need to have a
spade called a spade – to be pulled
up short by people who care when
they are not behaving well.
pull strings/wires
(inf)
íàæàòü íà êíîïêó; ñíÿòü òðóáêó;
ïóñòèòü â õîä âñå ñâÿçè; ñäåëàòü
ïî áëàòó ˜ If you want to see the
Governor, Mr Root can pull strings
for you. ˜ Jack pulled wires and
got us a room at the crowded hotel.
pull the plug on smb/smth
ïåðåêðûòü êèñëîðîä ˜ If the
viewing figures drop much further,
the TV company will pull the plug
on the whole series. ˜ The mayor
was doing a fine job until the treasurer pulled the plug because there
was no more money.
pull the rug out from under
smb
âûáèòü ïî÷âó èç-ïîä íî㠘 She
was about to appeal to the bishop
for support when he pulled the rug
out from under her by saying that
he found her attitude unchristian.
pull the wool over smb’s eyes
âåøàòü ëàïøó íà óøè; âòèðàòü
î÷êè ˜ She tried to pull the wool
over his eyes with some ridiculous
excuse.
pull up stakes
(Am)
ñíÿòüñÿ ñ íàñèæåííîãî ìåñòà ˜
He pulled up stakes in Indiana and
moved, permanently. ˜ We’ve lived
here for years, but now it’s time to
pull up stakes.
pump iron
êà÷àòüñÿ (íàêà÷èâàòü ìûøöû) ˜
These days, both men and women
pump iron for fitness.
puppy love
ïåðâàÿ/þíîøåñêàÿ ëþáîâü ˜ At
the time I was sure I would marry
him when I grew up, but of course
it was just puppy love.
purple patches/passages
ïûøíûå/öâåòèñòûå ôðàçû
(âèòèåâàòûé ñòèëü â èñêóññòâå) ˜
There are long purple passages
which distract the reader from the
real point of the argument.
pushed for time
ïîäæèìàòü (î âðåìåíè) ˜ Interest rates are still high, and he may
be pushed for time.
pussyfoot
(v)
âèëÿòü; îñòîðîæíè÷àòü ˜ I didn’t
pussyfoot and told him what
I thought of him. ˜ Stop pussyfooting and say what you mean.
put (a product) on the map
ðàñêðóòèòü (ïðîäóêò, âåùü) ˜
He’s a highly talented public relations person so he will surely put
the product on the map.
put a sock in it
(old-fash)
çàêðûòü ðîò; ïîìîë÷àòü ˜ “Can
he not speak for himself?”–“He
can,” Dermot said. – “Put a sock
in it, all of you.”
put a spoke in smb’s wheel
âñòàâëÿòü ïàëêè â êîëåñà ˜ The
government grant for our research
126
put one’s back into smth
project should be approved within
the month, unless anyone puts a
spoke in our wheel.
put all one’s eggs in one basket
ïîñòàâèòü íà êàðòó âñå ˜ If
you’re going to invest the money,
my advice would be don’t put all
your eggs in one basket. ˜ He had
warned Peter about investing heavily in a single stock; it was putting
all his eggs in one basket.
put elbow grease
(facet)
ïðèëîæèòü ðóêè (íåìàëî ïîòðóäèòüñÿ); ïîïîòåòü ˜ This house will
need a lot of elbow grease before
it’s comfortable enough to live in.
put in a (good) word for smb
çàìîëâèòü ñëîâî ˜ I hope you
get the job, I’ll put in a good word
for you.
put in a plug for smb (Am sl)
çàìîëâèòü ñëîâî ˜ I’m seeing
the boss this afternoon and I’ll put
in a plug for you.
put in one’s two cents’ worth
âñòàâèòü ñâîè ïÿòü êîïååê (ëåçòü
ñ çàìå÷àíèÿìè, êîììåíòàðèÿìè)
˜ Can I put in my two cents’ worth? –
Sure, go ahead – put your two
cents in.
put it mildly
ìÿãêî ãîâîðÿ ˜ You say Sarah
has an annoying manner sometimes. She’s a damned nuisance,
to put it mildly!
put new heart into smb
âñåëèòü íàäåæäó/óâåðåííîñòü
˜ The news of the naval victory
put new heart into the tired soldiers.
put on/up a bold face
äåëàòü õîðîøóþ ìèíó ïðè ïëîõîé èãðå; íå ïîäàâàòü âèäó ˜ We
are nearly bankrupt, but we must
put a bold face on it and try to overcome our difficulties by carrying on
our business as usual.
put on act
ëîìàòü êîìåäèþ (ïåðåä ê-ë) ˜
He was amazed at her capacity to
put on this act. He wouldn’t have
suspected her capable of such a
masquerade.
put on airs and graces
íàïóñêàòü íà ñåáÿ âàæíîñòü;
çàäàâàòüñÿ ˜ Roger certainly put
on airs in the television interview.
He gave the impression of being
arrogant and opinionated.
put on one’s thinking cap/put
one’s thinking cap on
ïîðàñêèíóòü ìîçãàìè ˜ Let me
put my thinking cap on and see if
I can come up with an answer. ˜
Miss Stone told her pupils to put
on their thinking caps before
answering the question.
put on the dog
(Am inf)
äåðæàòü ôàñîí ˜ The Smiths
really put on the dog at their party
last Saturday.
put one’s back into smth
âûêëàäûâàòüñÿ (ôèçè÷åñêè èëè
óìñòâåííî); ïîäíàæàòü ˜ All right,
you guys. Put your backs into moving this piano!
127
put one’s best foot forward
put one’s best foot forward
âûëîæèòüñÿ; ïðèëîæèòü âñå
ñèëû ˜ If you put your best foot
forward, you will complete the work
in time.
put one’s cards on the table
ðàñêðûòü êàðòû ˜ We haven’t
been entirely frank with one another up to now, but I think the time
has come to put our cards on the
table.
put one’s foot in it/in one’s
mouth
ïîïàñòü âïðîñàê; äàòü ìàõó;
ñåñòü â ëóæó; âëÿïàòüñÿ (ñêàçàòü
íåâïîïàä) ˜ I really put my foot in
it when I asked about his wife –
she has just run away with his
friend! ˜ To the majority of voters,
he is hopelessly unpresidential, a
lightweight, forever putting his foot
in his mouth.
put one’s head on the block
ïîëîæèòü ãîëîâó íà ïëàõó ˜ By
admitting to the boss that she was
the one who made the mistake,
I think she’s put her head on the
block.
put one’s heart and soul into
smth
âûêëàäûâàòüñÿ (ôèçè÷åñêè è
ìîðàëüíî) ˜ Tom put his heart and
soul into passing his examination.
put one’s money on smb/smth
áèòüñÿ îá çàêëàä; ñòàâèòü íà ê-ë/
÷-ë (ñ óâåðåííîñòüþ â ïîáåäå,
óñïåõå) ˜ Who do you think will get
the job, then? – I’d put my money on
Val.
put one’s shoulder to the wheel
çàñó÷èòü ðóêàâà (ýíåðãè÷íî
âçÿòüñÿ çà ðàáîòó); ïîäíàòóæèòüñÿ; ïîäíàæàòü ˜ If everyone
puts their shoulder to the wheel, the
job will be finished in no time.
put oneself in smb’s shoes
âîéòè â ïîëîæåíèå; ïîñòàâèòü
ñåáÿ íà ÷-ë ìåñòî ˜ Try putting
yourself into my shoes – the situation isn’t nearly as simple as you
think.
put paid to smth
ïîñòàâèòü êðåñò íà ÷-ë; ïîëîæèòü
êîíåö ˜ Mum will hear you and that
will put paid to either of us going
anywhere ever again. ˜ His hopes
of marrying her were put paid to
by her reply to his letter.
put smb in the cart
ïîäâåñòè ïîä ìîíàñòûðü (íàâëå÷ü íåïðèÿòíîñòè) ˜ My wife’s
behaviour at my office party put
me in the cart at work.
put smb in the doghouse (Am)
ïîäâåñòè ïîä ìîíàñòûðü (íàâëå÷ü íåïðèÿòíîñòè) ˜ Jane knew
that forgetting the check would put
her in the doghouse.
put smb in the picture
ââåñòè â êóðñ äåëà (îáúÿñíèòü
ïðîèñõîäÿùåå) ˜ The director,
who had been away for a week,
didn’t know about the new contract,
so we put her in the picture.
put smb in the shade
çàòìèòü ˜ His piano playing put
me and my playing in the shade.
128
queer smb’s pitch
put smth in smb’s pipe and
smoke it
çàðóáèòü ñåáå íà íîñó; ïðèíÿòü
ê ñâåäåíèþ ˜ The boss said this
morning my work was better than
yours so you can put that in your
pipe and smoke it!
put smb off one’s stroke
âûáèòü èç êîëåè ˜ I’m sorry
about the mistakes; a row with my
wife this morning has put me off
my stroke.
put smb on the spot
ïîñòàâèòü â íåëîâêîå ïîëîæåíèå ˜ Steve rather put him on the
spot by asking when we were going to get a pay rise.
put smb to shame
çàòêíóòü çà ïîÿñ; ïåðåïëþíóòü
(îñòàâèòü äàëåêî ïîçàäè) ˜ Roger
Maris put other players to shame
when he hit 61 home runs in 1961.
put smb wise to smth
íàó÷èòü óìó-ðàçóìó; ïðîñâåòèòü
˜ You’d better put Arthur wise
about the protocol, before he visits
them.
put smb’s nose out of joint
óòåðåòü/íàñòàâèòü íîñ ˜ You
really put his nose out of joint if you
go out with his old girlfriend.
put smth on hold/ice
«çàêîíñåðâèðîâàòü»; îòëîæèòü íà
` ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó ˜ They
ïîòîì;
put the project on hold until they got
enough money to finish it. ˜ I’m
afraid that we’ll have to put your
project on ice for a while.
put smth on the back burner
(Am inf)
«çàêîíñåðâèðîâàòü»; îòëîæèòü
` ïîâðåìåíèòü ˜ Just put
íà ïîòîì;
your idea on the back burner and
keep it there till we get some money.
put the cart before the horse
äåëàòü øèâîðîò-íàâûâîðîò ˜
They had bought all their furniture
before they had a house – that’s really putting the cart before the horse.
˜ You’re eating your dessert! You’ve
put the cart before the horse.
put the cat among the pigeons
âûçâàòü ïåðåïîëîõ ˜ Once again
she put the cat among the pigeons,
claiming that Michael was lying.
put the clock back
ïîâåðíóòü âðåìÿ âñïÿòü ˜ One of
the teachers wanted to bring back
beating as a punishment in the school,
but the others said that would be
putting the clock back 30 years.
put the screws on smb
(inf)
îêàçàòü íàæèì/äàâëåíèå ˜ In the
50s and 60s Russia put the screws
on those countries that wanted to
break away from the Soviet block.
put two and two together
ñìåêíóòü, ÷òî ê ÷åìó ˜ You won’t
be able to keep your marriage a
secret – people will soon put two
and two together.
Q
queer smb’s pitch
ïåðåáåæàòü äîðîãó ê-ë; ïîäñòàâèòü íîæêó; ïîäëîæèòü ñâèíüþ ˜
129
quick on the uptake
She queered my pitch by asking
for promotion before I did. ˜ We
did everything we could for you here,
and you repay the school by doing
your best to queer the pitch for us.
quick on the uptake
ñõâàòûâàòü íà ëåòó (áûñòðî ñîîáðàæàòü) ˜ She’s inexperienced,
but very quick on the uptake. ˜
Shirley will have no trouble learning that new computer program –
she’s very quick on the uptake.
quid pro quo
(Lat)
òàê íà òàê ˜ You collect the children
from school and I’ll meet mother at
the station. Quid pro quo. OK?
R
rack one’s brains
ëîìàòü ãîëîâó ˜ They asked me
for fresh ideas, but I had none.
I racked my brains, but couldn’t
come up with anything.
railroad
(v)
íàæèìàòü; ïîäãîíÿòü; âûíóæäàòü äåéñòâîâàòü ˜ Some NATO
generals complained that the EastWest was railroading them into potentially dangerous cuts in military
spending.
rain cats and dogs
äîæäü êàê èç âåäðà ˜ You mean
she wasn’t wearing a coat, even
though it was raining cats and
dogs? ˜ It was raining cats and
dogs so I couldn’t walk to the store.
ñëó÷àå ˜ Don’t worry. I’ll be there
rain or shine.
raise Cain/hell
óñòðîèòü ñòðàøíûé ñêàíäàë;
ïîäíÿòü õàé ˜ We’ve been on the
housing list for three years: I’m sure
the only way to get a flat is to raise
Cain at the housing office.
rake over the ashes/coals
âîðîøèòü ïðîøëîå ˜ There is no
point in raking over the ashes now,
you did what you thought was right
at the time.
rake smb over the coals (Am)
óñòðîèòü ðàçíîñ/âûâîëî÷êó;
ïðîïåñî÷èòü ˜ The headmaster
really raked the child over the coals
for being absent without permission.
rant and rave
áðûçãàòü ñëþíîé; ðâàòü è ìåòàòü (âîçìóùàòüñÿ, ïðîòåñòîâàòü) ˜ He’s still ranting and raving
about the damage to his car.
rattle away nineteen to the
dozen
òðåùàòü êàê ïóëåìåò ˜ The tourist guide rattled away nineteen to
the dozen about the history of the
pyramid.
rattle one’s sabre
áðÿöàòü îðóæèåì ˜ They’ve got no
real power to oppose your decision –
all they can do is rattle their sabres
and then quietly accept it.
rain or shine
âî ÷òî áû òî íè ñòàëî; â ëþáîì
130
read one’s mind
÷èòàòü ÷óæèå ìûñëè ˜ I have
rig
known John so long that I can read
his mind.
read smb like a book
âèäåòü íàñêâîçü ˜ Of course I understand you, I read you like a book.
read the tea leaves
ãàäàòü íà êîôåéíîé ãóùå ˜ The
first term will be devoted to reading
the tea leaves. Next term we shall
progress to palmistry.
read the Riot Act/riot act to smb
(Am)
îáâèíèòü âî âñåõ ñìåðòíûõ
ãðåõàõ; îò÷èòàòü ˜ The teacher
read the students the riot act for
their failure to do their assignments.
red tape
êðþ÷êîòâîðñòâî; âîëîêèòà; áþðîêðàòèçì ˜ I need a new passport,
but because of all the red tape,
I won’t get it in time for my holiday.
reduce to tears
äîâåñòè äî ñëåç ˜ His classmates jeered, reducing him to tears.
refuse point blank
îòêàçàòüñÿ íàîòðåç ˜ He locked
himself in the bathroom and refused point blank to come out.
reinvent the wheel
èçîáðåòàòü âåëîñèïåä; îòêðûâàòü Àìåðèêó ˜ Why reinvent the
wheel when there are drugs already
on the market that are effective?
rest on one’s laurels
ïî÷èâàòü íà ëàâðàõ ˜ As he grew
older he rested on his laurels and
let the younger men take over responsibility. ˜ Getting an A in
Chemistry almost caused Mike to
rest on his laurels.
rest on one’s oars
âçÿòü òàéì-àóò; ñêèíóòü îáîðîòû
˜ After the hard work of the last
few weeks, I think I am entitled to
rest on my oars for a day or two.
rich pickings
æèðíûå êóñêè (âíóøèòåëüíàÿ
ïðèáûëü) ˜ In the long term, the
reconstruction of Russian industry
promises rich pickings for Western companies.
ride hell for leather
ãíàòü âî âåñü äóõ/îïîð; ì÷àòüñÿ
˜ He rode hell for leather down the
street, scattering the chickens and
leaving a cloud of dust behind him.
ride high
íà êîíå ˜ She has just been promoted, so she is riding high at the
moment. ˜ With three hit singles in
the charts, the band are riding high.
ride roughshod over
íå ñ÷èòàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë; ïðåíåáðå÷ü
˜ He’s a cruel person who loves to
ride roughshod over other people’s
feelings. ˜ Government has ridden
roughshod over the recommendations made by the committee of
enquiry.
rig
(inf v)
ïîäòàñîâàòü (ôàêòû, ðåçóëüòàòû); ñìîøåííè÷àòü ˜ The opposition accused the ruling party of rigging the election.
131
right off the bat
right off the bat
(Am)
ñ ìåñòà â êàðüåð; íå çàäóìûâàÿñü; ñðàçó, ñ õîäó ˜ I could tell
right off the bat there was something different about this man. ˜
I can’t tell you the figures right off
the bat, but I can find out.
ring a bell
âñïëûâàòü â ïàìÿòè ˜ His name
rings a bell, but I can’t remember
where I’ve heard it.
ring down the curtain
ïîñòàâèòü òî÷êó ˜ They decided
to ring the curtain down on their love
affair after four years.
ring off the hook
ðàñêàëèòüñÿ (î òåëåôîíå);
ðàçðûâàòüñÿ îò çâîíêî⠘ The
box office phones were ringing off
the hook all day.
rise to the bait
êëþíóòü íà óäî÷êó; ïîïàñòüñÿ
íà êðþ÷îê ˜ I could see he was
trying to make me angry, but I didn’t
rise to the bait.
rise to the occasion
îêàçàòüñÿ íà âûñîòå ïîëîæåíèÿ/íà äîëæíîé âûñîòå ˜ He had
never been asked to chair a meeting before, but he rose to the occasion magnificently.
Copper prices have rocketed and are
sky-high now. ˜ Sales have rocketed
since their lowest point last year.
roll in it/money
(inf)
êóïàòüñÿ â äåíüãàõ ˜ He doesn’t
have to worry about money – he’s
rolling in it! ˜ If they can afford a
yacht, they must be rolling in it.
roll in the aisles
ïîêàòûâàòüñÿ ñî ñìåõó (î
ïóáëè-êå) ˜ They were rolling in
the aisles at his jokes.
roller coaster/rollercoaster
«àìåðèêàíñêèå ãîðêè» (ïàðêîâûé àòòðàêöèîí) ˜ On the roller
coaster of Russian politics, he could
lose his overwhelming popularity.
roly-poly
(adj)
êîëîáîê (òîëñòûé è êðóãëûé) ˜
He is a roly-poly toddler.
rough-and-tumble
ñâàëêà (äðàêà, íåðàçáåðèõà);
ïîòàñîâêà ˜ Ice-hockey is a sport
for those who can take a bit of
rough-and-tumble.
rough it
(inf)
òåðïåòü ëèøåíèÿ; îáõîäèòüñÿ áåç
óäîáñò⠘ I want a man who knows
Upper Burma, who is prepared to
rough it and who can drive a jeep.
risk life and limb
ðèñêîâàòü ãîëîâîé ˜ These
skiers risk life and limb every day
for the thrill of speed.
round the clock
êðóãëûå ñóòêè ˜ If we are to get
this book published we’ll have to
work round the clock.
rocket
(v)
âçëåòåòü (î öåíàõ, ïðîäàæàõ) ˜
royal road
ñòîëáîâàÿ äîðîãà (ëåãêèå ïóòè)
132
run out of steam
˜ There is no royal road to success.
rub salt into the wound/smb’s
wounds
ñûïàòü ñîëü íà ðàíó ˜ I was very
disappointed at having to miss the
concert, and my friends kept rubbing salt into the wound by telling
me how good it was.
rub shoulders with
âîäèòü êîìïàíèþ ˜ He rubs
shoulders with some very strange
people in his job.
rub smb (up) the wrong way
ãëàäèòü ïðîòèâ øåðñòè (ðàçäðàæàòü) ˜ He’s always rubbing me
(up) the wrong way.
rub smb’s nose in it
(inf)
òûêàòü íîñîì ˜ I know I should
have accepted that job when I was
offered it, but I do wish you would
stop rubbing my nose in it.
rule smb with an iron hand/a
rod of iron
äåðæàòü â åæîâûõ ðóêàâèöàõ ˜
He used to lead a riotous life before his marriage, but his wife rules
him with an iron hand. ˜ Jack told
us how his step-father ruled the
family with a rod of iron; the
teachers at school were quite gentle
by comparison.
rule the roost
«êîìàíäîâàòü ïàðàäîì» (âåðõîâîäèòü â ñåìüå, âñåì çàïðàâëÿòü)
˜ In that family there is no doubt
that the grandmother rules the
roost.
run down a company
«ñâîðà÷èâàòü» ôèðìó ˜ The
company is being run down as the
owner is going to sell his business.
run errands
(Am)
íà ïîäõâàòå; íà ïîáåãóøêàõ ˜
He runs errands for his mother.
run for one’s life
áåæàòü ñëîìÿ ãîëîâó/âî âåñü îïîð/
` ˜ I hit the floor
÷òî åñòü äóõó/ìî÷è
and jumped up and ran for my life.
run in the family
â êðîâè; â ðîäó (ñåìåéíàÿ ÷åðòà)
˜ My brother and I have red hair. It
runs in the family.
run off at the mouth
òðåïàòü ÿçûêîì; çàíèìàòüñÿ
ïóñòîé áîëòîâíåé ˜ He’s just another one of the politicians who run
off at the mouth.
run one’s eye over smth
ïðîáåæàòü(ñÿ) ãëàçàìè; ïðîñìîòðåòü ˜ I’d like your opinion on
this report as soon as you’ve got a
minute. – Just leave it with me and
I’ll run my eye over it.
run out of patience
ëîïàòüñÿ (î òåðïåíèè); òåðÿòü
òåðïåíèå ˜ You still haven’t got
your new car yet? – No, they phoned
to say it still hasn’t been delivered.
I think I’ll cancel the order and look
somewhere else. I’m running out of
patience.
run out of steam
(inf)
âûäîõíóòüñÿ ˜ He ran out of steam
shortly before the end of the race.
133
run rings around/round smb
run rings around/round smb
äàòü ñòî î÷êîâ âïåðåä ˜ The Italian prince was rich and handsome,
and could run rings around other
suitors for the hand of the princess.
˜ For sheer cleverness Matilda
could run rings around them all.
run smb to earth
íàñòèãíóòü (âûñëåäèòü è íàéòè) ˜
The film star was run to earth by reporters in an exclusive golf complex.
run the gauntlet
ïðîõîäèòü ñêâîçü ñòðîé (ïîäâåðãàòüñÿ íàïàäêàì, êðèòèêå) ˜
After the publication of his article
sharply criticising the Queen, he had
to run the gauntlet of outraged monarchists from all over the country.
run the show
ñòîÿòü âî ãëàâå; ïðàâèòü áàë ˜ He
started off working in the kitchen and
now he’s running the show. ˜ Ever
since Bill retired from the business, his
daughter’s been running the show.
run to seed
îïóñòèòüñÿ (ìîðàëüíî) ˜ I almost didn’t recognise John. He’s
really run to seed since his wife left
him. ˜ Famous for his profligacy,
many of George Gordon Byron’s
contemporaries feared he might
completely run to seed.
run wild
áåñèòüñÿ; øàëèòü ˜ They let their
children run wild.
run with the hare and hunt with
the hounds
ñèäåòü ìåæäó äâóõ ñòóëüå⠘
You’ve got to decide where you
stand on this issue. You can’t run
with the hare and hunt with the
hounds.
S
safe and sound
æèâ-çäîðîâ; öåë è íåâðåäèì ˜
It was a challenging climb, so I’m
relieved they got home safe and
sound.
save face
ñîõðàíèòü ëèöî; ñïàñòè ðåïóòàöèþ/÷åñòü ìóíäèðà ˜ The ambassador was more interested in
saving his face than winning the
argument.
save one’s bacon
ñïàñàòü øêóðó ˜ The teacher
knew that it was Tom who had torn
the book, and the boy managed to
save his bacon by admitting it
straightaway.
save the day
ñïàñòè ñèòóàöèþ ˜ We thought
we were stranded but his offer of a
lift saved the day.
say uncle
(Am inf)
ñäàâàòüñÿ; ïðîñèòü ïîùàäû ˜
The Serbs want the Bosnians to say
uncle.
scarce as hen’s teeth
(Am)
äíåì ñ îãíåì íå íàéòè ˜ On a
rainy night, taxis are as scarce as
hen’s teeth.
134
scare smb out of smb’s wits
äî ñìåðòè ïåðåïóãàòü/èñïóãàòü
see eye to eye (on smth)
˜ The sight of the gun in his hand
scared me out of my wits.
even after college graduation, they
still find there is much more to learn.
scare smb stiff
(Am inf)
äî ñìåðòè íàïóãàòü ˜ The child
was scared stiff in the dentist’s
chair.
scream blue/bloody murder
1. âîïèòü ÷òî åñòü ìî÷è;
îðàòü
`
âî âñå ãîðëî ˜ Somebody took
the child’s ice-cream away and he
started screaming bloody murder.
2. êðè÷àòü êàðàóë (âîçìóùàòüñÿ)
˜ When we put him in an office
without a window, he screamed
bloody murder. ˜ Readers screamed blue murder when the price of
their daily paper went up.
scare the hell/life out of smb
íàïóãàòü äî ñìåðòè ˜ The thud
of the two cars crashing scared the
hell out of me. ˜ She scared the
life out of me, shouting like that.
score the bull’s eye
ïîïàñòü íå â áðîâü, à â ãëàç;
ïîïàñòü â ÿáëî÷êî/öåëü ˜ As far
as Christmas presents were concerned, the family agreed that Aunt
Helen had scored the bull’s eye by
giving them a sledge.
scrape a living
ñâîäèòü êîíöû ñ êîíöàìè ˜ The
islanders scraped a living by fishing and growing potatoes.
scrape (the bottom of) the
barrel
ïî ñóñåêàì ïîñêðåñòè ˜ In the
last days of the Third Reich, the
German home guard was forced to
scrape the barrel and recruit even
children and old men.
screw up one’s courage
íàáðàòüñÿ õðàáðîñòè; ñîáðàòüñÿ
ñ äóõîì ˜ He screwed up his courage and asked to see the manager.
second-guess
(v)
ðóãàòü/êðèòèêîâàòü çàäíèì ÷èñëîì ˜ I believe that the jury was
wrong. But it is easy to secondguess ten years later, when we
know the whole story.
second sight
ÿñíîâèäåíèå ˜ They asked a
woman with second sight where the
dead body was.
scrape the fiddle
ïèëèêàòü íà ñêðèïêå ˜ Sherlock
Holmes used to scrape the fiddle
for relaxation.
see beyond/further than the
end of one’s nose
âèäåòü äàëüøå ñâîåãî íîñà ˜
If he could see beyond the end of
his nose he would know that his
strictness will result in his children
resenting him.
scratch the surface
(Am)
íàõâàòàòüñÿ âåðõî⠘ High
school students have only scratched
the surface of their subjects, and
see eye to eye
ñõîäèòüñÿ âî âçãëÿäàõ; íàõîäèòü îáùèé ÿçûê; ñîãëàøàòüñÿ ˜
I get on very well with my father.
135
see how the land lies
We see eye to eye on most things.
˜ He’s asked for a transfer because
he doesn’t see eye to eye with the
new manager.
see how the land lies
çîíäèðîâàòü/ïðîùóïàòü ïî÷âó;
ñìîòðåòü, êóäà âåòåð äóåò ˜
I thought I’d better call my Mother
and see how the land lies before
going home for the weekend.
see smb’s true colours
âèäåòü èñòèííîå ëèöî ˜ It wasn’t
until we started to live together that
I saw her true colours.
see smth a mile off
(fig)
âèäåòü çà âåðñòó/íåâîîðóæåííûì ãëàçîì ˜ Derek is crazy about
Vanessa. He’s never told anyone,
but you can see it a mile off.
see stars
èñêðû èç ãëàç ïîñûïàëèñü ˜
I banged my head on the car door
and saw stars.
see straight through smb
âèäåòü íàñêâîçü ˜ We saw
straight through him and his little
plan.
see the colour of smb’s money
âûêëàäûâàòü äåíüãè íà áî÷êó ˜
Before we talk any more about this
car, let’s see the colour of your money.
see the light at the end of the
tunnel
âèäåòü ñâåò â êîíöå òóííåëÿ ˜
I had been terribly ill for two months
before I began to see the light at
the end of the tunnel.
see the writing on the wall
âèäåòü ãðîçíûé çíàê; çëîâåùåå
ïðåäîñòåðåæåíèå; äóðíîå ïðåäçíàìåíîâàíèå ˜ He saw the writing on the wall for the British car
industry several years ago.
see which way the cat jumps
ïîñìîòðåòü, êàê êàðòà ëÿæåò/
îòêóäà âåòåð ïîäóåò (íå ñïåøèòü
ñ ðåøåíèåì) ˜ He always waits to
see which way the cat is going to
jump before committing himself. ˜
I’m going to sit tight and see which
way the cat jumps.
see which way the wind blows
âûæèäàòü, êóäà/îòêóäà âåòåð
äóåò/ïîäóåò (íå ñïåøèòü ñ ðåøåíèåì) ˜ Before we decide on our
expansion plan for the firm, I think we
should see which way the wind blows.
seize the bull by the horns
âçÿòü áûêà çà ðîãà ˜ If we are
going to solve this problem, someone will have to seize the bull by
the horns.
sell a pup
(Am sl)
âñó÷èòü áàðàõëî ˜ I think I’ve been
sold a pup – this second-hand stereo
doesn’t seem to work properly.
sell like hot cakes
íàðàñõâàò (î òîâàðå) ˜ These old
books are selling like hot cakes.
sell oneself short
ïðîäåøåâèòü (â ìîðàëüíîì
ïëàíå); íåäîîöåíèâàòü ñåáÿ ˜ He
had not risen to his lofty position
by selling himself short or underestimating his own potential.
136
set the cat among the pigeons
sell smb short
íåäîîöåíèòü ê-ë; íå îöåíèâàòü ïî
äîñòîèíñòâó ˜ When you say that
John isn’t interested in music, you’re
selling him short. Did you know he
plays the violin quite well? ˜ Don’t
sell her short; she’s a very able lawyer.
send smb on a wild goose chase
çà ñåìü âåðñò êèñåëÿ õëåáàòü;
ïîñëàòü íåâåäîìî êóäà ˜ It’s no
use sending the rescue helicopter
out on a wild goose chase in this
storm, as the survivors from the
shipwreck couldn’t have survived
long in the icy water.
send smb packing/about smb’s
business
äàòü îò âîðîò ïîâîðîò; ïðîãíàòü
íà âñå ÷åòûðå ñòîðîíû ˜ The maid
proved to be so incompetent that
I had to send her packing. ˜ They
always ring the bell at suppertime,
asking for signatures, but I send
them about their business.
send smb to the glue factory
ñäàòü â àðõèâ; ñïèñûâàòü ñî
ñ÷åòîâ (èçáàâèòüñÿ) ˜ When
Bernard White was forced to take
early retirement at the age of 59 he
felt that the oil company, where he
has worked for 32 years, were
sending him to the glue factory.
serve smb right
òàê èì è íàäî; ïîäåëîì ˜ It
would serve you right if your children
never spoke to you again. ˜ And
she didn’t get the promotion she’d
hoped for, which served her right
for being so smug.
serve time
îòáûâàòü ñðîê; îòñèäåòü â
òþðüìå ˜ We couldn’t hire him
when we learned that he had served
time for robbery.
set one’s heart on smth/doing
smth
ãîðåòü æåëàíèåì; íàñòðîèòüñÿ;
ëåëåÿòü ìå÷òó ˜ He had set his
heart on winning the prize.
set one’s sights on smth
íàöåëèòüñÿ/íàñòðîèòüñÿ íà ÷-ë;
çàäàòüñÿ öåëüþ; ïîñòàâèòü ñåáå
çàäà÷ó ˜ Gil is very ambitious.
She’s set her sights on running her
own company by the time she’s 30,
and I think she’ll do it! She’s that
sort of person.
set (smb) up in business
çàïóñòèòü äåëî (îðãàíèçîâàòü)
˜My Father set my sisters up in
business. ˜ He’s set up in
business which proved to be very
profitable.
set smb’s teeth on edge
ñêóëû ñâîäèò; íàáèòü îñêîìèíó
(îò êèñëîãî) ˜ Have you ever eaten
a lemon? It’ll set your teeth on edge.
 He spoke with an insincere
politeness that set my teeth on
edge.
set the cat among the pigeons
âûçâàòü ïåðåïîëîõ ˜ Tell them
all they’ve got to work on Saturday.
That should set the cat among the
pigeons. ˜ She set the cat among
the pigeons at home when she said
she wanted to leave school
immediately.
137
set the pace for
set the pace for
çàäàòü òåìï ˜ Her experiments
set the pace for future research.
set the Thames on fire
èçîáðåñòè/âûäóìàòü ïîðîõ;
õâàòàòü çâåçäû ñ íåáà ˜ Her
teacher seemed quite pleased with
her and said that she was working
well, but he doubted if she would
ever set the Thames on fire.
set the tone
çàäàòü òîí ˜ His obvious boredom at the entire proceedings set
the tone for what promised to be a
remarkably cheerless Christmas dinner.
set up shop
(inf)
îòêðûòü/íà÷àòü ñâîå äåëî ˜ She
set up shop as a singing teacher.
settle old scores/a score with
smb
ñâåñòè ñ÷åòû; ðàñêâèòàòüñÿ ˜
I have some old scores to settle
with you.
shake in one’s shoes/boots
ïîäæèëêè òðÿñóòñÿ ˜ I was shaking in my boots because I had to
see the manager.
shake like a leaf
äðîæàòü êàê îñèíîâûé ëèñò ˜
It’s a dreadful feeling waiting for
one’s final exam results. I remember that I was shaking like a leaf.
shake loose
ñòðÿõíóòü ñ ñåáÿ îïåêó/çàáîòó;
îñâîáîäèòüñÿ; èçáàâèòüñÿ ˜
When she went to University, Sophie
hoped to ‘shake loose’ from the influence of her parents.
shed light on smth
ïðîëèòü ñâåò íà ÷-ë (ïðîÿñíèòü
ñèòóàöèþ) ˜ This letter sheds light
on the reasons for his actions at the
time. ˜ Let’s see if Ann can shed
light on this question.
sheepskin
(Am inf n)
«êîðî÷êè» (äèïëîì) ˜ On the
day they received their sheepskins
they had themselves a blowout.
shelve
(v)
îòëîæèòü â äîëãèé ÿùèê; ïîëîæèòü ïîä ñóêíî ˜ The project
seems to have been shelved for the
moment.
shenanigans
(n)
âûõîäêè; âîçíÿ; ïðîäåëêè; ìîøåííè÷åñòâî ˜ Last week, Yury
Luzhkov called for a parliamentary
investigation into the Kremlin’s
alleged shenanigans. ˜ On holiday
the boys got up to all sorts of
shenanigans with drunken parties,
lost passports and trouble with local
police.
shipshape
(adj)
â ïîëíîì ïîðÿäêå; â äîáðîì
çäðàâèè ˜ I got the house all shipshape while she was away. ˜ I’m
feeling shipshape.
shoot off one’s mouth
(inf)
ðàñòðåçâîíèòü; ñáîëòíóòü ëèøíåå; òðåïàòüñÿ ˜ The soldier had
been heard shooting his mouth off
about the camp’s defence
system.
138
shut up shop
shoot oneself in the foot (Am)
ðóáèòü ñóê, íà êîòîðîì ñèäèøü
(íàêàçàòü ñàìîãî ñåáÿ) ˜ He shot
himself in the foot by suggesting that
women politicians were incompetent.
shoot smb/smth down in flames
(inf)
ðàçíåñòè â ïóõ è ïðàõ (ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü); ðàçäðàêîíèòü ˜ I thought
I’d made a sensible suggestion, but
they just shot me down in flames.
shoot (straight) from the hip
ðóáèòü ñïëå÷à; ÷òî âçáðåäåò â
ãîëîâó (ãîâîðèòü, äåëàòü) ˜ Don’t
pay any attention to John. He
means no harm. It’s just his nature
to shoot from the hip. ˜ Steve isn’t
very tactful; indeed, he’s known for
shooting from the hip.
shoot the breeze
òî÷èòü ëÿñû; ÷åñàòü ÿçûêè;
òðåïàòüñÿ; áîëòàòü ˜ Father shot
the breeze with his neighbour while
the children were playing. ˜ Goldie
does what she likes doing best:
shooting the breeze about life, love,
and her bad reputation.
shoot wide of the mark
ïîïàñòü ïàëüöåì â íåáî (äîïóñòèòü îøèáêó) ˜ When the junior doctor diagnosed Mr Brown’s serious
brain hemorrhage as a bad headache
he certainly shot wide of the mark.
shoulder responsibility
(v)
íåñòè îòâåòñòâåííîñòü ˜ Jill’s not
her usual self at the moment. Is
there something wrong? – I think
it’s pressure of work. She has to
shoulder a lot of responsibility.
shout blue/bloody murder
`
1. âîïèòü ÷òî åñòü ìî÷è;
îðàòü
âî âñå ãîðëî ˜ The baby shouted
blue murder when I put it in the bath.
2. êðè÷àòü êàðàóë (âîçìóùàòüñÿ)
˜ When the city doubled property
taxes, home owners shouted bloody
murder.
shout smth from the rooftops
êðè÷àòü íà âñåõ óãëàõ ˜ When
I discovered I was pregnant, I
wanted to shout it from the rooftops.
show a clean pair of heels
äàòü ñòðåêà÷à; óëåïåòûâàòü ˜
The police caught one of the
thieves, but the other showed them
a clean pair of heels and got away.
show one’s hand
ðàñêðûòü êàðòû/ïëàíû ˜ I’m a bit
reluctant to show my hand at this
stage in the proceedings.
show promise
ïîäàâàòü íàäåæäû ˜ I met Bill
in high school. Even then he
showed promise.
show the ropes
ââåñòè â êóðñ äåëà ˜ The new
secretary started today – so I spent
most of the morning showing her
the ropes.
shut up like a clam
óéòè â ñåáÿ; çàìêíóòüñÿ ˜ When
the reporter mentioned her private
life, she shut up like a clam.
shut up shop
(inf)
ñâåðíóòü äåëà; çàêðûòü ëàâî÷êó
˜ This is the last lot of envelopes
139
sick to death
we’ve to address – after this we can
shut up shop.
sick to death
ñûò ïî ãîðëî; äî ñìåðòè íàäîåñòü ˜ Can’t we change the subject? I’m sure that, after a school
day, James is sick to death of kids
and conversations about kids.
Silly-Billy/silly-billy
Èâàíóøêà-äóðà÷îê; ãëóïûø(êà) ˜
Phil was just teasing you. Now stop
crying and don’t be such a silly-billy.
sing smb’s praises
ïåòü äèôèðàìáû (ðàñõâàëèâàòü)
˜ She was singing the praises of
her new secretary, who is apparently
absolutely ideal.
sink one’s teeth into smth
âïðÿ÷üñÿ (ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà äåëî) ˜
Being the manager of this department is a big task. I’m very eager
to sink my teeth into it.
sink or swim
ïàí èëè ïðîïàë; áûëà íå áûëà
˜ Tom’s new job was confusing and
no one had time to help him learn,
so he had to sink or swim.
sink through the floor
ãîòîâ ïðîâàëèòüñÿ ñêâîçü çåìëþ
˜ When she called our name on
the list of those who owed dues,
I sank through the floor.
sit on a powder keg/time bomb
æèòü êàê íà âóëêàíå; ñèäåòü íà
ïîðîõîâîé áî÷êå ˜ We left just
before the revolution, realizing that
we were sitting on a powder keg.
sit on one’s hands
ñèäåòü, ñëîæà ðóêè (áåçäåéñòâîâàòü) ˜ We asked Bill for help with
our project, but he sat on his hands.
sit on the fence
ñîõðàíÿòü íåéòðàëèòåò; íå ìû÷èò è íå òåëèòñÿ (î ëþäÿõ, çàíèìàþùèõ âûæèäàòåëüíóþ ïîçèöèþ) ˜ She criticized members of
the committee for sitting on the
fence and failing to make a useful
contribution to the debate. ˜ No
decision has been taken about the
building of the new airport. The
authorities are still on the fence.
sit tight
çàïàñòèñü òåðïåíèåì ˜ Shareholders are advised to sit tight and
see how the situation develops.
six of one and half a dozen of
the other
÷òî â ëîá, ÷òî ïî ëáó; áåç ðàçíèöû ˜ We can go in your car or mine,
it’s six of one and half a dozen of
the other.
skate on thin ice
èãðàòü ñ îãíåì ˜ That car is in a
dangerous condition and you’re
skating on thin ice by driving
around in it.
skim the surface
íàõâàòàòüñÿ âåðõî⠘ Íå seems
knowledgeable in many different
areas but he only skims the
surface of everything he touches.
skin smb alive
ñïóñòèòü øêóðó c ê-ë ˜ The boss
will skin him alive for crashing the lorry.
140
Smart Alec/smart aleck
skinheads
(n)
áðèòîãîëîâûå ˜ I was attacked
by a group of skinheads on the railway station.
sky-high prices
áàñíîñëîâíûå öåíû ˜ The
prices in that shop are sky-high.
slapdash
(adj)
òÿï-ëÿï; õàëòóðíûé ˜ It looks like
a really slapdash job to me – I think
you should ask for your money back.
sleep like a log
ñïàòü áåç çàäíèõ íîã/êàê óáèòûé
˜ After my hard day’s work I slept
like a log.
slip on a banana peel/skin
íàñòóïèòü íà ãðàáëè (äîïóñòèòü
äîñàäíûé ïðîìàõ/ãëóïóþ îøèáêó) ˜ The government has slipped
on too many banana skins for its
own good.
slip one’s mind
âûñêî÷èòü/âûëåòåòü èç ãîëîâû ˜
I meant to ask him if he could come
to the party, but it slipped my mind.
slip through one’s fingers
óïóñòèòü âîçìîæíîñòü/øàíñ ˜
We could have won the trophy but
we let it slip through our fingers.
sloshed
(adj)
ïîä ìóõîé; íàâåñåëå ˜ His wife
warned him not to come home
sloshed.
slow on the uptake
òóãî ñîîáðàæàòü ˜ You’re a bit
slow on the uptake at the weekend
and someone bright and sly could
take advantage of you.
smackers
(Am sl n)
«çåëåíåíüêèå» (äîëëàðû) ˜
Don’t waste your hard-earned
smackers like that.
small beer
ìåëî÷ü; åðóíäà; ïóñòÿêè ˜ The
present series of royal scandals
makes the 1936 abdication look
like pretty small beer.
small fry
1. ìåëêàÿ ñîøêà/ðûáåøêà ˜
Compared to other companies, our
firm is still small fry.
2. ìåëþçãà; ìàëûøíÿ ˜ The
parents took their small fry off to
the zoo.
small mercies
ìàëåíüêèå ðàäîñòè ˜ They’ve
agreed to end the meeting half an
hour early. I suppose we should be
thankful for small mercies.
small potatoes
(Am)
ïóñòÿêè, åðóíäà, ìåëî÷ü ˜ While
a total tour attendance of around
$20,000 is small potatoes by British
standards, it is very big in this country.
small talk
ñâåòñêàÿ áåñåäà ˜ I refuse to go
to the party and indulge in small
talk all evening.
Smart Alec/smart aleck
ïðîôåññîð êèñëûõ ùåé; âñåçíàéêà; óìíèê ˜ New teachers
often have a hard time coping with
the smart alecks in their classes.
141
smart as a whip
smart as a whip
ñåìè ïÿäåé âî ëáó ˜ Little Brian
is smart as a whip; he’s only three
and already learning to read.
smell a rat
(inf)
ïî÷óÿòü íåëàäíîå ˜ The police
set up a trap, but the thieves smelt
a rat and drove away.
smell fishy
íå âíóøàòü äîâåðèÿ; êàçàòüñÿ
ñîìíèòåëüíûì/ïîäîçðèòåëüíûì
˜ Webber’s account of what he was
doing that evening smells a bit fishy
to me.
smelling of roses/smelling like
a rose
(Am)
êàê íè â ÷åì íå áûâàëî ˜ The
businessman was suspected of
dealing illegally in weapons and was
given a security check, but he
came out of it smelling of roses.
smoke like a chimney
äûìèòü êàê ïàðîâîç ˜ It’s not
surprising that Charlie has a bad
cough. He smokes like a chimney
– at least forty a day.
smoke off and on
áàëîâàòüñÿ êóðåíèåì ˜ Mark
was eleven and had been smoking
off and on for two years.
snap
(v)
ùåëêíóòü; ñíÿòü (ñôîòîãðàôèðîâàòü) ˜ I snapped her standing in
front of the fountain.
soaked to the skin
äî íèòî÷êè ïðîìîêøèé ˜ What
a downpour; I’m soaked to the skin.
sober as a judge
òðåçâûé êàê ñòåêëûøêî ˜ They
were all drunk except for the unlucky man who had promised to
drive them home, and was sober
as a judge.
sod’s law
(humor)
çàêîí ïîäëîñòè ˜ He had just
bought a new watch, but the same
day he dropped it and broke it. Well,
that’s sod’s law, isn’t it?
soft/sweet nothings
ìèëûå ãëóïîñòè ˜ He was whispering sweet nothings into the ear
of the prettiest girl there.
softie/softy
(Am inf n)
òðÿïêà; ñëàáàê ˜ In business you
can’t afford to be a softie.
soft-pedal
(v)
ñïóñòèòü íà òîðìîçàõ ˜ The government is soft-pedalling (on) the
wages issue until after the election.
soft-soap smb
(v)
ïîäëèçûâàòüñÿ; ïîäìàçàòüñÿ ˜
Don’t try to soft-soap me because I
won’t lend you the money.
somehow or other
òàê èëè èíà÷å ˜ Difficult though
it might be, she intended to get to
Baghdad somehow or other.
sound like a broken record
çàëàäèòü (îäíî è òî æå); çâó÷àòü
êàê çàåçæåííàÿ ïëàñòèíêà ˜ The
headmaster had told the children so
many times not to throw snowballs
that he was beginning to sound like
a broken record.
142
spit-and-sawdust
spadework
(n)
÷åðíàÿ/÷åðíîâàÿ ðàáîòà ˜ I did
all the spadework setting up the
new department, but my boss got
all the credit.
spare tyre
(inf)
«áóëêè» (ëèøíèé æèð íà òåëå)
˜ I must go on a diet and try to get
rid of my spare tyre.
speak out of turn
ãîâîðèòü íåîáäóìàííî/íåáëàãîðàçóìíî; ñêàçàòü íåâïîïàä ˜ Bob
was quite honest, even if he was
speaking out of turn. ˜ Excuse me
if I’m speaking out of turn, but what
you are proposing is quite wrong.
speak volumes
ãîâîðèò ñàìî çà ñåáÿ; î ìíîãîì
ãîâîðèò ˜ What we wear speaks
volumes about our personality.
spend money like water
ñîðèòü äåíüãàìè; òðàíæèðèòü;
øâûðÿòü äåíüãè íàëåâî è íàïðàâî ˜ Carol spends money like water – no wonder she’s always broke.
˜ She doesn’t earn very much, but
she spends money like water –
I don’t know where she gets it from.
spike (a drink)
(v)
ïîäìåøàòü (äîáàâèòü áîëåå
êðåïêîå ñïèðòíîå â àëêîãîëüíûé
íàïèòîê), ñäåëàòü «åðø» ˜ After
he failed the breathalyser-test, the
drunken motorist claimed that
someone in the bar had spiked his
lager with vodka.
spill the beans
âûäàòü ñåêðåò/òàéíó; ïðîáîë-
òàòüñÿ ˜ It was then that she threatened to spill the beans about her
affair with the president.
spin a yarn
(Am)
íàïëåñòè ñ òðè êîðîáà (âûãîðàæèâàÿ ñåáÿ) ˜ He arrived two
hours late and spun a yarn about
his being late.
spin in one’s grave
â ãðîáó ïåðåâåðíóòüñÿ ˜ The man
would spin in his grave if he saw the
size of an encyclopedia now.
spin one’s wheels
òîëî÷ü âîäó â ñòóïå; ïåðåëèâàòü
èç ïóñòîãî â ïîðîæíåå; êîïòèòü
íåáî (ïîïóñòó òåðÿòü âðåìÿ) ˜
This is a terrible job. I’m just spinning my wheels and not getting anywhere. ˜ Get organized and try to
accomplish something. Stop spinning your wheels.
spit in/into the wind
çàíèìàòüñÿ ïóñòûì äåëîì;
ïðîòèâîðå÷èòü çäðàâîìó ñìûñëó
˜ But the idea that you can talk
about a single currency today is
to spit in the wind of economic
reality. ˜ Trying to get a pay increase here is like spitting in the
wind.
spit (with rain)
ìîðîñèòü (î äîæäå) ˜ Take your
raincoat, it’s starting to spit!
spit-and-sawdust
(adj)
çàïëåâàííûé, çàïóùåííûé ˜
There are one or two spit-and-sawdust pubs in the town centre but
nothing remotely trendy.
143
split one’s sides (laughing)
split one’s sides (laughing)
æèâîòèêè íàäîðâàòü; ëîïíóòü îò
ñìåõà ˜ We nearly split our sides
laughing watching Paul trying to
give the rabbit a bath. ˜ Farid split
his sides laughing when he saw the
state of her hair.
split hairs
ìåëî÷èòüñÿ ïî ïóñòÿêàì (â ñïîðå, äèñêóññèè) ˜ He is only
interested in hair-splitting, not real
discussion.
split the difference
ïîéòè íà êîìïðîìèññ/óñòóïêó â
öåíå ˜ The man wanted $500 for
the car and I would give him $450,
so we decided to split the difference
and he sold it to me for $475.
splurge
(Am v)
ðàçîðèòüñÿ; ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ ˜
He decided to splurge on a new
car.
spread one’s wings
ðàñïðàâèòü êðûëüÿ ˜ You can’t
keep your children at home for ever –
you must let them spread their wings.
spread oneself (too) thin
ðàçáðàñûâàòüñÿ; ðàñïûëÿòüñÿ
˜ It’s a good idea to get involved in
a lot of activities, but don’t spread
yourself too thin.
spread smth on (too) thick
ïåðåãèáàòü ïàëêó; ïåðåáîðùèòü
(ïðåóâåëè÷èâàòü) ˜ Bob always
spreads it on thick.
spring to mind
ïðèõîäèòü â ãîëîâó/íà óì ˜
Now, who could we get to chair the
new committee? – Nobody springs
to mind, I’m sorry to say.
stamp one’s foot
òîïíóòü íîãîé (â ðàçäðàæåíèè,
ãíåâå) ˜ “Don’t keep saying that!”–
Helen stamped her feet lightly.–
“I’ve never asked you to pay me
back.”
stand smb a drink
ïîñòàâèòü áóòûëêó (çàïëàòèòü çà
âûïèâêó) ˜ If you’ve no money, I’ll
stand you a few beers.
stand out a mile
çà âåðñòó âèäíî; íà ëáó íàïèñàíî ˜ Of course he’s unhappy – it
stands out a mile.
stand the test of time
âûäåðæàòü èñïûòàíèå âðåìåíåì ˜ Very little of the drama from
this period has stood the test of
time.
stare smb in the face
ëåæàòü íà ïîâåðõíîñòè; áûòü íà
âèäó; íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ ñàìî ñîáîé
˜ The solution to the problem had
been staring me in the face all
along.
start from scratch
íà÷àòü ñ íóëÿ ˜ I built every bit
of my own house. I started from
scratch and did everything with my
own hands.
state-of-the-art
ñóïåðñîâðåìåííûé ˜ State-ofthe-art computer graphics show how
your kitchen could be transformed.
144
stone-cold sober
steal a march on smb
îáñêàêàòü; îïåðåäèòü (ïðîòèâíèêà) ˜ The company plans to steal
a march on its competitors by offering the same computer at a lower
price.
steal smb’s thunder
ïåðåáåæàòü äîðîãó ê-ë ˜ He
was looking forward to telling his
family the news and was annoyed
to find that his cousin had
phoned them and stolen his thunder.
steamroller
(v)
ðàçäàâèòü; îñòàâèòü ìîêðîå
ìåñòî ˜ Many small shops have
been steamrollered by the pricing
policies of the hypermarkets and
have been forced to close.
steer clear of smb/smth
äåðæàòüñÿ ïîäàëüøå ˜ Bill is
mad at me, so I’ve been steering
clear of him.
step into smb’s shoes
çàíÿòü êðåñëî ê-ë; çàñòóïèòü íà
ïîñò ˜ When his father retires, Victor will be ready to step into his
shoes.
step on smb’s toes/corns
íàñòóïèòü íà ëþáèìóþ ìîçîëü;
çàäåòü (îáèäåòü) ˜ He is very tactless and is always stepping on other
people’s corns.
step out of line
âûéòè çà ðàìêè (ïðèëè÷èé) ˜
John is a lot of fun to go out with,
but he has a tendency to step out
of line.
stick in one’s head
çàñåñòü â ãîëîâå (î ìûñëÿõ,
ìåëîäèè) ˜ The tune has stuck in
my head.
stick one’s neck out
(inf)
ëåçòü íà ðîæîí; âûñîâûâàòüñÿ
(ðèñêîâàòü) ˜ Why should I stick
my neck out to do something for
her? What’s she ever done for me?
˜ John is always sticking his neck
out by saying something he shouldn’t.
stick out a mile
çà âåðñòó âèäíî; íà ëáó íàïèñàíî ˜ She sticks out a mile with her
red hair.  How could you believe
his promises? It sticks out a mile
that he’s a con-man.
stick out like a sore thumb
áûòü áåëîé âîðîíîé (îòëè÷àòüñÿ
îò äðóãèõ) ˜ The dinner is formal;
if you don’t wear the correct
clothes, you’ll stick out like a sore
thumb.
stick to one’s guns
(inf)
ñòîÿòü íà ñâîåì ˜ I’ll stick to my
guns on this matter. I’m sure I’m right.
stiff competition
æåñòîêàÿ êîíêóðåíöèÿ ˜ Though
we confront really stiff competition
here, we are much better than our
rival businesses.
stone/stony-broke
áåç ãðîøà; íà ìåëè ˜ I can’t help
you – I’m stone-broke again.
stone-cold sober
(inf adj)
òðåçâûé êàê ñòåêëûøêî ˜ There
is no reason why I shouldn’t drive you
145
stoned
home. I’ve drunk nothing but coffee
all night, so I’m stone-cold sober.
stoned
(inf adj)
ìåðòâåöêè ïüÿíûé; îäóðåâøèé îò
íàðêîòèêî⠘ His wife warned him
not to come home stoned. ˜ Greg
studied in California in the late 1960s,
and as a result of his love of marijuana,
spent much of his time stoned.
stop at nothing
èäòè íàïðîëîì; íå îñòàíàâëèâàòüñÿ íè ïåðåä ÷åì ˜ He’ll stop
at nothing to get what he wants.
straight as a die
íåïîäêóïíûé ˜ He’s an intellectual and as straight as a die.
straight from the shoulder
íà÷èñòîòó; áåç îáèíÿêîâ; ðåçàòü
ïðàâäó-ìàòêó (ãîâîðèòü òî, ÷òî
äóìàåøü) ˜ Sally always speaks
straight from the shoulder. You
never have to guess what she really
means. ˜ I’ll tell you, straight from
the shoulder, that you’ll have to do
better or they’ll fire you.
strapped
(adj)
íà ìåëè; áåç ãðîøà; íåõâàòêà;
«íàïðÿæåíêà» (î äåíüãàõ) ˜
Would you lend me some money,
I’m strapped for cash.
streets ahead
îñòàâèòü äàëåêî ïîçàäè; áûòü íà
ïîðÿäîê âûøå/ëó÷øå ˜ Our
scientists are streets ahead of the
rest of the world.
stretch one’s legs
(inf)
ðàçìÿòüñÿ; ïðîéòèñü ˜ After
such a lengthy discussion, I feel that
I need to stretch my legs. Would you
like to join me in the garden?
strike a bad patch
ïåðåæèâàòü ïîëîñó íåâåçåíèÿ (â
æèçíè) ˜ Last year he was the best
cricketer in Britain, but he has struck
a bad patch in the last few months.
strike a chord
çàäåòü ñòðóíó; âûçâàòü îòêëèê ˜
That poem strikes a chord in all
those touched by the Holocaust.
strike a happy medium
íàéòè çîëîòóþ ñåðåäèíó ˜ The
management and the union had to
strike a happy medium as the negotiations had reached the deadlock.
strike home
ïîïàñòü â òî÷êó/öåëü (çàäåòü
÷óâñòâà) ˜ He just shook his head
and looked away, but she saw it
struck home.
strike it rich
(inf)
íàïàñòü íà çîëîòóþ æèëó ˜ If
I could strike it rich, I wouldn’t have
to work any more.
strike up a friendship/conversation
çàâÿçàòü çíàêîìñòâî/áåñåäó;
çàâåñòè äðóçåé ˜ It didn’t take
Mary long to strike up acquaintance
in her new school.
strong suit
ñèëüíàÿ ñòîðîíà (õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ÷åëîâåêà) ˜ I’m afraid mathematics isn’t my strong suit. I failed
all my maths exams at school.
146
sweep the board
stuck-up
(inf adj)
çàíîñ÷èâûé; ñàìîäîâîëüíûé;
âîîáðàæàëà ˜ Mary is very stuckup, and will not speak to the poor
children in her class.
stuff and nonsense
÷åïóõà íà ïîñòíîì ìàñëå; ÷óøü
ñîáà÷üÿ ˜ You’re too tired to work?
Stuff and nonsense!
stump
(v)
ïîñòàâèòü â òóïèê ˜ His question
stumped her.
suck smb (bone) dry
âûæàòü âñå, ÷òî ìîæíî (ñèëû,
äåíüãè, ïîìîùü, èíôîðìàöèþ) ˜
It’s hard work keeping him amused:
I feel sucked dry after an hour in
his company.
sugar-coat the pill
(Am)
ïîäñëàñòèòü ïèëþëþ ˜ The
manager asked me not to sugarcoat anything and give him the real
number of orders.
swallow
(inf v)
ïîâåðèòü áàñíÿì /ðîññêàçíÿì ˜
Did they actually swallow what he
told them?
swallow one’s pride
ñïðÿòàòü ãîðäîñòü â êàðìàí;
îáóçäàòü ñâîþ ãîðäûíþ ˜ You’ll
have to swallow your pride and admit that you made a mistake.
swallow smth hook, line and
sinker
êëþíóòü íà óäî÷êó; ïîïàñòüñÿ
íà êðþ÷îê ˜ I didn’t think he
would believe my excuse, but he
swallowed it hook, line and
sinker.
swan
(v)
ïðîïëûòü (ãîðäåëèâî/âàæíî
èäòè); âûñòóïàòü ñëîâíî ïàâà ˜
The bride-to-be swanned down the
aisle of the church.
swear like a fish-wife/sailor/
trooper
ðóãàòüñÿ êàê èçâîç÷èê/ñàïîæíèê; ÷åðòûõàòüñÿ ˜ When she’s
angry, she can swear like a fishwife. ˜ He swore like a trooper when
I complained about his work.
sweat blood
ðàáîòàòü äî ñåäüìîãî ïîòà ˜
I sweat blood every week just to
earn enough money to feed my
family.
sweep off one’s feet
ïîòðÿñòè äî ãëóáèíû äóøè
(ïîðàçèòü, ïîêîðèòü) ˜ She was
swept off her feet by a dark, handsome stranger.
sweep smth under the carpet
çàìàë÷èâàòü, óòàèâàòü ˜ The
existence of his illegitimate child
was simply swept under the carpet.
sweep the board
äîáèòüñÿ îãëóøèòåëüíîé ïîáåäû (ñîáðàòü âñå ïðèçû, íàãðàäû, ãîëîñà íà âûáîðàõ) ˜ The
opposition has swept the board in
Sofia, where the renamed
Communists have failed to win a
single seat. ˜ Her latest film
swept the board at last night’s
cinema awards.
147
sweet papers
sweet papers
ôàíòèêè ˜ Young Andrew’s bedroom was a mess, with dirty socks,
pop music cassettes and sweet
papers lying all over the place.
sweeten the pill
ïîäñëàñòèòü ïèëþëþ ˜ The government have cut income tax to
sweeten the pill of a tough budget.
sweet-talk smb
çóáû çàãîâàðèâàòü (óãîâàðèâàòü) ˜ I didn’t want to help her,
but she sweet-talked me into it.
sweltering
(adj)
çíîéíûé; äóøåãóáêà (î æàðêîé
ïîãîäå) ˜ The weather’s been
sticky and sweltering through much
of the northern United States.
swim against the current/
stream/tide
ïëûòü ïðîòèâ òå÷åíèÿ ˜ Bob
tends to do what everybody else
does. He isn’t likely to swim
against the tide. ˜ The boy who
tries to succeed today without an
education is swimming against the
stream. ˜ I’m voting for him even
if that is swimming against the current.
swim like a brick
ïëàâàòü êàê òîïîð ˜ I’m not going out of my depth – I swim like a
brick!
swim with the tide
ïëûòü ïî òå÷åíèþ ˜ In politics
it’s sometimes wiser to swim with
the tide than to take an individual
course.
T
take a back seat
óéòè â òåíü/íà âòîðûå ðîëè/íà
çàäíèé ïëàí ˜ I had done the best I
could, but it was time to take a back
seat and let someone else run things.
take a dim view of
êîñî ñìîòðåòü (íå îäîáðÿòü) ˜
John’s father took a dim view of his
wanting to borrow the car.
take a drop
ïðîïóñòèòü ðþìî÷êó/ñòàêàí÷èê
˜ He’s taken a drop to keep the
cold out.
take a fancy to
ïîëîæèòü ãëàç; ïðèãëÿíóòüñÿ ˜
He bought that house because his
wife took a fancy to it.
take a powder
(sl)
ñìîòàòü óäî÷êè; ñìûòüñÿ ˜ He’s
not the first, and won’t be the last,
to take a powder after getting a
young woman pregnant.
take a shot at
(Am inf)
ïðîáîâàòü ñåáÿ/ñâîè ñèëû;
ðèñêíóòü ˜ He’s proven himself to
be a talented actor, and now he’s
taking a shot at directing his first
play.
take a sledgehammer to crack/
break a walnut/nut
ñòðåëÿòü èç ïóøåê ïî âîðîáüÿì
˜ Three men spent all day yesterday mending my telephone. One
man could have done the job in half
an hour. It was like taking a sledgehammer to crack a walnut.
148
take smb at smb’s word
take smb for a ride
(inf)
íàêîëîòü; íàäóòü; ïðîêàòèòü
(îáìàíóòü) ˜ He doesn’t work for
charity at all, so the people who
have sent him money have been
taken for a ride.
take French leave
(humor)
óéòè ïî-àíãëèéñêè (áåç ðàçðåøåíèÿ; íå ïðîùàÿñü) ˜ The soldier
took French leave because he
wanted to see his girlfriend. ˜ Is Ray
really ill again or is he just taking
French leave?
take heart
âîñïðÿíóòü äóõîì ˜ He had
been unemployed for several
months, but when he saw the perfect job advertised, he took heart.
take it out of smb
(inf)
èçìîòàòü (ôèçè÷åñêè) ˜ The long
walk really took it out of me.
take it out on smb
ñðûâàòü çëîñòü íà ê-ë ˜ At work
he was under great strain, and in the
evenings he took it out on his family.
take on board
äîéòè äî ê-ë; óÿñíèòü; îñîçíàòü
˜ It seems that young people are
finally taking on board the message that it’s not cool to smoke.
take one’s breath away
çàõâàòèòü äóõ; ïåðåõâàòèòü äûõàíèå (îò âîñõèùåíèÿ, óäèâëåíèÿ) ˜ The beauty of the Taj Mahal
took my breath away.
take one’s hat off to smb (inf)
ñíÿòü øëÿïó; ïðåêëîíèòüñÿ
ïåðåä ê-ë ˜ I take my hat off to
that woman for bringing up five children on her own.
take one’s life in(to) one’s hands
ñòàâèòü æèçíü ïîä óãðîçó ˜ As
a war cameraman, I often have to
take my life in my hands to get a
good picture.
take pains
ñòàðàòüñÿ èçî âñåõ ñèë; ïðèëîæèòü óñèëèÿ ˜ I went to great pains
to get this record for you. ˜ Mary
took pains to make sure her speech
would interest the audience.
take potluck/pot luck/pot-luck
(inf)
1. ïîïûòàòü ñ÷àñòüÿ; äåéñòâîâàòü íàóäà÷ó; ïîëîæèòüñÿ íà
ñëó÷àé ˜ I took pot luck at the airport and just got on the first available flight.
2. ïåðåêóñèòü ÷åì Áîã ïîñëàë
(äîâîëüñòâîâàòüñÿ òåì, ÷òî åñòü)
˜ We’d take potluck at whatever
restaurants might still be open. ˜
You are welcome to stay to dinner
if you will take potluck.
take root
ïóñòèòü êîðíè; óêîðåíèòüñÿ ˜
The Women’s Liberation movement
received little support at first, but
now it’s beginning to take root. ˜
Democracy is now struggling to take
root in most of these countries.
take smb at smb’s word
ëîâèòü/ïîéìàòü íà ñëîâå ˜ When
she said that she would like them to
visit her, they took her at her word
and arrived the following week.
149
take smb down a peg (or two)
take smb down a peg (or two)
ñáèòü ñïåñü; îäåðíóòü ˜ She
thought she was very clever, but
she was taken down a peg when
she failed the exam.
take smb/smth on trust
ïðèíèìàòü íà âåðó; äîâåðÿòü ˜
He always takes his friends on
trust.
take smb under one’s wing
âçÿòü ïîä êðûëûøêî (ïîä ïîêðîâèòåëüñòâî) ˜ A wealthy film producer took her under his wing after
seeing her first performance, and
she has acted in all his films since
then. ˜ I took the new workers
under my wing, and they learned the
job in no time.
take smb’s part/side
âñòàòü íà ÷-ë ñòîðîíó ˜ His
mother always takes his part.
take smb’s word for it
ïîâåðèòü íà ñëîâî ˜ I wasn’t informed that the party had been
cancelled, but I’ll take your word
for it.
take smth at face value
ïðèíèìàòü çà ÷èñòóþ ìîíåòó/
âñåðüåç ˜ She took his stories at
face value and did not know he was
joking. ˜ You can’t take what Robin
says at face value – there’s always
a catch somewhere, with some advantage in it for him.
take smth to heart
ïðèíèìàòü áëèçêî ê ñåðäöó ˜
You mustn’t take his unkind remark
to heart.
take smth with a pinch/grain of
salt
äåëèòü íà äåñÿòü (íå ïðèíèìàòü
íà âåðó; îòíîñèòüñÿ êðèòè÷åñêè)
˜ I took his story with a pinch of
salt, because he has a tendency
to exaggerate.
take stock
ïîäâîäèòü èòîãè; òðåçâî îöåíèòü
˜ Anniversaries are a time for celebration. They are also a time for
taking stock. ˜ During the battle
the commander paused to take
stock of the situation.
take the biscuit
take the cake
(Am)
íå ëåçòü íè â êàêèå âîðîòà;
ïîáèòü âñå ðåêîðäû ˜ His latest
piece of impertinence really takes
the biscuit! ˜ That advertising
slogan really took the cake. ˜ What
a mess they made of the concert –
that takes the cake!
take the bit between one’s teeth
çàêóñèòü óäèëà ˜ The interviewer
had taken the bit between his teeth
and was beginning to ask very awkward questions.
take the bread out of smb’s
mouth
îòáèðàòü õëåá ˜ She accused
her husband of drinking and gambling – taking bread out of his
children’s mouths.
take the bull by the horns
âçÿòü áûêà çà ðîãà ˜ If we are
going to solve this problem, someone will have to take the bull by
the horns.
150
talk at cross-purposes
take the edge off
ïðèòóïèòü; îñëàáèòü; ñìÿã÷èòü
(îñòðîòó ÷óâñòâ) ˜ Her kind manner
took the edge off her refusal. ˜ His
apology took the edge off her anger.
take the heat off/out of smth
óñïîêîèòü ñòðàñòè; ñãëàäèòü
îñòðîòó ìîìåíòà (ñíÿòü íàïðÿæåíèå) ˜ They hoped that a period of
calm would take the heat off the
political situation.
take the plunge
ñäåëàòü ðåøèòåëüíûé øàã; ðåøèòüñÿ íà ÷-ë ˜ Fred and I had
been going together for over two
years before he asked me to marry
him. I thought he was never going
to take the plunge. ˜ Mum had finally taken the plunge and bought a
mobile phone.
take the rough with the smooth
ïðèíèìàòü æèçíü êàê îíà åñòü;
áûòü êî âñåìó ãîòîâûì; ôèëîñîôñêè îòíîñèòüñÿ ê íåóäà÷àì è
íåïðèÿòíîñòÿì ˜ I don’t like living in the town, but with a new job
you have to take the rough with
the smooth. ˜ As a vegetable gardener, you must take the rough
with the smooth and not be disheartened by a year of drought or
pests.
take the trouble
áðàòü íà ñåáÿ òðóä ˜ I wish I had
taken the trouble to study this matter more carefully.
take the wind out of smb’s sails
âûáèòü ïî÷âó èç-ïîä íî㠘 She
was about to tell him her secret when
he took the wind out of her sails by
saying that he already knew it.
take the words out of smb’s
mouth
÷èòàòü ÷óæèå ìûñëè ˜ I was just
going to mention that, but you took
the words right out of my mouth.
take to smb/smth in a big way
ñèëüíî ïðèâÿçàòüñÿ ê ê-ë; î÷åíü
óâëå÷üñÿ ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ Mary has taken
to him in a big way. ˜ We have
taken to the new house in a big
way. ˜ She has taken to skiing in
a big way.
take to smth like a duck to
water
ëåãêî îñâîèòü(ñÿ) ˜ She’s taken
to skiing like a duck to water.
take up the cudgels against
âçÿòüñÿ çà òîïîðû; âñòàòü íà
òðîïó âîéíû (âûñòóïèòü ïðîòèâ)
˜ Environmental groups have taken
up the cudgels against multinational
companies.
talk a blue streak
(Am)
ãîâîðèòü êàê çàâåäåííûé; òðåùàòü êàê ïóëåìåò ˜ She talked a
blue streak and we just had to listen.
talk a mile a minute
òðåùàòü êàê ñîðîêà/ïóëåìåò ˜
Most men would say that women
talk a lot, but Harry beats the lot.
He can talk a mile a minute.
talk at cross-purposes
ãîâîðèòü íà ðàçíûõ ÿçûêàõ; íå
ïîíèìàòü äðóã äðóãà ˜ I think we’ve
been talking at cross-purposes. ˜
151
talk sense
Just a moment, I think we’re talking
at cross-purposes. I was referring to
John, not to his father.
talk sense
ãîâîðèòü äåëî ˜ Well, if you want
an exciting holiday, why don’t you
go to Greenland? – Ah! Now you’re
talking sense!
talk shop
ãîâîðèòü î äåëàõ (íà äîñóãå) ˜
All right everyone, we’re not here to
talk shop. Let’s have a good time.
talk the back/hind legs off a
donkey
çàãîâîðèòü äî ñìåðòè; óìîðèòü
ðàçãîâîðîì ˜ My wife can talk the
hind legs off a donkey.
talk through one’s hat
(inf)
ãîðîäèòü ÷óøü; íåñòè ÷åïóõó ˜
Don’t believe what he says – he always talks through his hat.
talk turkey
(Am)
ãîâîðèòü áåç îáèíÿêîâ/íà÷èñòîòó/ïî-äåëîâîìó ˜ OK, Bob, we
have business to discuss. Let’s
talk turkey.
Palace, but that’s just one of his tall
stories.
tarred with the same brush
îäíèì ìèðîì ìàçàíû ˜ I dislike
politicians of all parties. As far as
I’m concerned they’re all tarred with
the same brush – they simply will
not tell the public the truth.
teach smb a lesson
ïðîó÷èòü; áûòü óðîêîì ˜ You
were teasing the cat again and this
time it scratched you. That will
teach you a lesson!
tear one’s hair
âîëîñû ðâàòü íà ñåáå (îò ãíåâà,
îò÷àÿíèÿ) ˜ She stamped and
raged and tore her hair, and swore
she’d never been so insulted.
teeny-wee/teeny-weeny
êðîõîòóëÿ; êðîøå÷íûé ˜ The
factory girls were soldering teenyweeny electronic components with
great dexterity. ˜ She carried a
teeny-wee poodle in her arms.
tall, dark and handsome
âûñîêèé, êðàñèâûé (ñòåðåîòèï
ìóæñêîé êðàñîòû) ˜ An inch or so
short of being really tall, dark and
handsome, Dillman has the easy,
relaxed ways of a man used to the
Hollywood-style good life.
teething troubles
áîëåçíè ðîñòà (î íîâûõ ïðîåêòàõ)
˜ Many newly-installed burglar alarm
systems have their teething troubles,
but subsequent adjustment usually
solves the problem. ˜ We can improve the new engine design; we
don’t need to change it completely.
The failure of the engine test was only
due to teething troubles.
tall stories
îõîòíè÷üè ðàññêàçû; âðàêè;
íåáûëèöû ˜ He says the Queen
has invited him to Buckingham
tell smb where to get off (inf)
ïîñëàòü ê-ë ïîäàëüøå; ãðóáî
îòêàçàòü(ñÿ) ˜ He was trying to tell
me how to do my job, but I soon
152
the brain drain
told him where to get off. ˜ She
wanted to borrow money again so
I told her where to get off.
tell tales
ÿáåäíè÷àòü ˜ I had half a mind to
tell my boss about him but I didn’t
want her to think I was telling tales.
tell tales out of school
âûíîñèòü ñîð èç èçáû ˜ I wish
that John would keep quiet. He’s
telling tales out of school again.
tempt fate/providence
èñêóøàòü ñóäüáó ˜ Going out for
the whole day without a coat in April
is tempting providence – it’s sure
to rain if you do that.
test the waters
ïðîùóïàòü îáñòàíîâêó ˜ Perhaps you should go to a couple of
meetings to test the waters before
you decide whether to join the club.
thank one’s lucky stars
áëàãîäàðèòü íåáåñà ˜ You can
thank your lucky stars that no one saw
you, otherwise you’d be in trouble.
that’s the way the cookie crumbles
òàêîâà æèçíü ˜ They wanted a
baby girl but got a third boy – that’s
the way the cookie crumbles. ˜ John
wrecked his car and then lost his job.
That’s the way the cookie crumbles.
the acid test
èñïûòàíèå íà ïðî÷íîñòü ˜ The
acid test of his ability came when
he was put in charge of an important new company.
the back of beyond
êðàé ñâåòà; ãëóõîìàíü; ó ÷åðòà íà
êóëè÷êàõ ˜ For many Westerners,
the remote Sahara town in Mali has
come to signify the back of beyond.
the bare bones
ãîëûå ôàêòû; îñíîâíûå ìîìåíòû
˜ He only had time to tell me the
bare bones of his scheme. ˜ This
outline gives just the bare bones of
the story; details will come later.
the bee’s knees
(inf)
ñóïåð; êëàññ; òî, ÷òî íàäî; íåïðåâçîéäåííûé ˜ Have you tried this
double chocolate-chip ice-cream?
It’s the bee’s knees, it really is. ˜
I bought this white sweatshirt –
I thought I looked the bee’s knees.
the best thing since sliced
bread
(humor)
ëó÷øå íå áûâàåò/íå ïðèäóìàòü
˜ At the time, a lot of people outside Russia thought that Gorbachev was the best thing since
sliced bread.
the black sheep (of the family)
ïàðøèâàÿ îâöà ˜ Alex started
taking drugs at college, failed his
exams and has been jobless for the
last three years. He’s certainly the
black sheep of the Spencer family.
the box
«ÿùèê»; òåëåê ˜ What’s on the
box tonight?
the brain drain
óòå÷êà ìîçãî⠘ As a result of
the brain drain Britain does not have
enough doctors.
153
the bush telegraph
the bush telegraph
ñàðàôàííîå ðàäèî; «îäíà áàáà
ñêàçàëà» ˜ The bush telegraph in
our office is the most effective way
of spreading news.
friend Doris is going to the Garden
Party at Buckingham Palace. The
`
`
creme
de la creme
will be there –
Lords, Ladies, Dukes and Duchesses – it’ll be so exciting.
the calm before the storm
çàòèøüå ïåðåä áóðåé ˜ Things
are relatively calm at the moment,
but I think it probably is the calm
before the storm.
the cut and thrust of
ïèêèðîâêà (îæèâëåííûé ñïîð,
äèñêóññèÿ); ñõâàòêà ˜ James enjoys the cut and thrust of debating.
˜ I’ve always enjoyed the cut and
thrust of a clever debate.
the carrot and the stick
êíóò è ïðÿíèê ˜ John’s father
used the carrot and the stick when
he talked about his low grades.
the cat’s whiskers (old-fash)
ñóïåð; êëàññ; òî, ÷òî íàäî;
íåïðåâçîéäåííûé ˜ I thought I
was the cat’s whiskers in my new
dress. ˜ As far as knowing the
market and supplying it are concerned, she’s the cat’s whiskers.
the common touch
÷óâñòâî ëîêòÿ; ñâÿçü ñ íàðîäîì
˜ He was the son of a miner and even
when he went to university he did not
lose the common touch. ˜ It was always said of the princess that she
had the common touch and that’s
why she was so loved by the people.
the conventional wisdom
ïðîïèñíàÿ èñòèíà ˜ The conventional wisdom is that marriage
makes a relationship more secure,
but as the divorce rates show, this
is not necessarily true.
`
the cream of society/the creme
`
de la creme
(Fr)
ñëèâêè/öâåò îáùåñòâà ˜ My
the dead spit
âûëèòûé; ïîõîæèé êàê äâå êàïëè
âîäû ˜ He is the dead spit of his
father.
the die is cast
æðåáèé áðîøåí ˜ From the
moment the first shot was fired,
the die was cast and war became
inevitable.
the eternal triangle
ëþáîâíûé òðåóãîëüíèê ˜ In this
novel Katy loves Ben, but Ben loves
Caroline – the classic eternal triangle in fact.
the evil eye
äóðíîé ãëàç ˜ “There you go,”
said Lefty. “It’s like the evil eye. You
don’t really believe in it, yet it paralyses you.”
the fair sex
(usu facet)
ïðåêðàñíûé ïîë ˜ He has very
little success with the fair sex.
the finishing touches
ïîñëåäíèé øòðèõ (èçìåíåíèÿ,
äîáàâëåíèÿ) ˜ They had a meeting to put the finishing touches to
154
the lesser of two evils/the lesser evil
their plan. ˜ The room still needed
a few finishing touches.
the four corners of the earth/
world
÷åòûðå ñòîðîíû ñâåòà; ñî âñåõ
êîíöîâ ñâåòà ˜ Wedding guests arrived from the four corners of the
world.
the full monty
ïî ïîëíîé ïðîãðàììå ˜ Their
wedding was magnificent, with a
champagne reception, three-course
dinner and a band – the full monty.
˜ For breakfast, Chris had the full
monty – bacon, sausages, eggs,
mushrooms, tomatoes and toast.
the golden mean
çîëîòàÿ ñåðåäèíà ˜ Trollope’s
hero and anti-hero personify the
excess of virtue and the excess of
vice which in his philosophy threatens the British golden mean.
the gravy train
(inf)
êîðìóøêà; äîõîäíîå ìåñòî;
ðàáîòåíêà íå áåé ëåæà÷åãî ˜
Jack’s job at the Athletic club as
Social Director is a regular gravy
train. ˜ Previously, it was a commonly held view among US companies that military supply contracts
with the Pentagon were a gravy train.
be two kinds of justice – one for
the haves and another for the havenots.
the heart skipped/missed a
beat
ñåðäöå åêíóëî; äóøà óøëà â
ïÿòêè ˜ When Paul saw the bear
standing in front of him, his heart
skipped a beat.
the hit of the season
ãâîçäü ñåçîíà ˜ His new play has
become the hit of the season.
the holy of holies
ñâÿòàÿ ñâÿòûõ ˜ Last year, his
work was performed for the first
time at the Aldeborough Festival,
the holy of holies in the contemporary British music scene.
the home straight
ôèíèøíàÿ ïðÿìàÿ ˜ Is there
much more to do on this database?
I’ve had enough of it. – Don’t worry.
Only two hundred more addresses.
We’re on the home straight.
the ins and outs
ïîëíûé ðàñêëàä (ìåëü÷àéøèå
ïîäðîáíîñòè/äåòàëè); ïîäíîãîòíàÿ ˜ He alone knows all the ins
and outs of the scheme.
the gutter press
(derog)
áóëüâàðíàÿ ïðåññà ˜ The gutter press was full of stories of the
actress’s divorce today.
the last straw
ïîñëåäíÿÿ êàïëÿ (òåðïåíèÿ) ˜
Everything was going wrong, and
his message was the last straw –
she just burst into tears.
the haves and the have-nots
èìóùèå è íåèìóùèå ˜ In
several countries there appear to
the lesser of two evils/the lesser
evil
íàèìåíüøåå çëî ˜ I suppose
155
the life and soul of the party
I regard the Democratic candidate
as the lesser of two evils.
tracted the attention of the Broadway movers and shakers.
the life and soul of the party
äóøà îáùåñòâà/êîìïàíèè ˜
Theo sings, tells jokes and dances
with all the girls – he’s the life and
soul of the party.
the net result
â êîíå÷íîì ñ÷åòå; îêîí÷àòåëüíûé ðåçóëüòàò ˜ Do you mean that
even if I undergo these two
operations the net result may be
that I will be no better than I am at
the moment?
the limit
íå ëåçòü íè â êàêèå âîðîòà;
äàëüøå åõàòü íåêóäà ˜ That firm
is the limit! This is the sixth time
they have sent us faulty goods!
the lowdown/low-down on/of
smth
ïðàâäà-ìàòêà; ïîëíûé ðàñêëàä;
ðàñêëàäêà (î ñèòóàöèè, èíôîðìàöèè) ˜ Don’t wait they give you the
lowdown on Watergate. ˜ On his
arrival in the country, the new diplomat was given the low-down of the
political situation there.
the luck of the devil
÷åðòîâñêè âåçòè ˜ I had the luck
of the devil to come out of that
plane crash alive.
the man of the moment
ãåðîé äíÿ ˜ Mansell is the man of
the moment after two marvelous victories in five days on the race track.
the morning after the night
before
ïîñëå â÷åðàøíåãî; ñ ïîõìåëüÿ
˜ Have you got any aspirins, Anny?
I’ve got a bad case of the morning
after the night before.
the movers and shakers
âîðîòèëû ˜ This play has at-
the off season
ìåðòâûé ñåçîí ˜ Things are very
quiet here in the off season.
the once-over
áåãëûé/ïîâåðõíîñòíûé âçãëÿä ˜
It’s enough to give those things the
once-over to realize that they are
typical catchpennies.
the one and only
åäèíñòâåííûé è íåïîâòîðèìûé
˜ This is the one and only time that
we are going to stop for anything
like that. ˜ He swore she was his
one and only but the detective following him knew better.
the patience of Job
àíãåëüñêîå òåðïåíèå ˜ You need
the patience of Job to be a teacher.
˜ To train animals successfully, you
have to have the patience of Job.
the picture of health
öâåòóùèé âèä ˜ I can’t believe
there’s anything seriously wrong
with him – he’s the picture of health.
the plot thickens
èíòðèãà çàêðó÷èâàåòñÿ; ýòî óæå
ñòàíîâèòñÿ èíòåðåñíî ˜ We all
thought it was Jim who sent the
156
the spitting image
flowers, but he denies it – the plot
thickens! ˜ So it was not you I saw
leaving the house that night. I wonder who it was, then. The plot thickens.
the power behind the throne
ñåðûé êàðäèíàë ˜ He is the
chairman of the family company,
but his wife is the real power behind the throne.
the powers that be
ñèëüíûå ìèðà ñåãî ˜ No doubt
a confrontation on this scale would
be deplored by the powers that be
in the Labour Party.
the prodigal son
(bibl)
áëóäíûé ñûí ˜ The Church is
always ready to receive back her
prodigal sons.
the promised land
(bibl)
çåìëÿ îáåòîâàííàÿ ˜ Her ambition
was always to come to England, which
she thought of as a promised land.
the quick and the dead
æèâûå è ìåðòâûå ˜ His decision
was completely unexpected – it was
enough to surprise both the quick
and the dead.
the rag-tag and bobtail
âñÿêèé ñáðîä; øóøåðà ˜ Tattooing is a sign of rag-tag and bobtail
for many.
the riff-raff
âñÿêèé ñáðîä; øóøåðà ˜ The
mercenary armies of feudal
princes consisted of the riff-raff of
society.
the rotten apple
ïàðøèâàÿ îâöà ˜ Most students
are polite and hard working, but
there are a few rotten apples.
the school of hard knocks
øêîëà æèçíè; ãîðüêèé îïûò ˜ He
never went to high school; he was educated in the school of hard knocks.
the scum of the earth (very inf)
ïîäîíêè; îòáðîñû îáùåñòâà ˜
To the people’s prosecutor the accused were ‘the scum’ of capitalist
society. ˜ People who abuse children are the scum of the earth.
the seamy side (of life)
èçíàíêà (æèçíè) ˜ As a social
worker, you certainly see the seamy
side of life.
the silly season
ìåðòâûé ñåçîí (çàòèøüå â ïðåññå, íà òåëåâèäåíèè â ñåðåäèíå
ëåòà) ˜ I see from today’s paper
that the silly season is here again –
nothing in it but rubbish.
the sky is the limit
íåò ïðåäåëà ˜ With two important film roles and a major award, it
seems like the sky’s the limit for
this talented young actress.
the soft underbelly
óÿçâèìîå ìåñòî ˜ Sensing victory within his grasp, the general
planned to strike at the soft underbelly of his enemy.
the spitting image
âûëèòûé; ïîõîæèé êàê äâå êàïëè
âîäû ˜ People are always stopping
157
the staff of life
him in the street because he’s the
spitting image of Ronald Reagan.
the staff of life
(bibl lit)
õëåá íàñóùíûé ˜ The dough
was kneaded in long rolls, each a
literal ‘staff of life’, and left to rise
before being divided into sections
for baking. ˜ Bread is the staff
of life, which is why we only use
the finest organic flour to make
ours.
the talk of the town
ó âñåõ íà óñòàõ; ïðèò÷à âî ÿçûöåõ; òîëüêî è ðàçãîâîðî⠘ Their
divorce is the talk of the town.
the telly
«ÿùèê»; òåëåê, òåëåâèê ˜ What’s
on the telly tonight?
the top brass
áîëüøàÿ «øèøêà» (ïðåèìóù. î
âîåííûõ) ˜ All the top brass of the
army and the party apparatus attended the May Day parade.
the university of life
øêîëà æèçíè ˜ Having spent few
years in the army and three years
working as a free-lance journalist
in Africa, Terry could claim that he
had studied at the university of life.
the upper crust
«ñëèâêè»/öâåò îáùåñòâà ˜ In
certain working situations, belonging to the upper crust can create
more problems than belonging to
the underprivileged classes. ˜ Highranking army officers and communist party officials belonged to the
upper crust of Soviet society.
the yellow press
æåëòàÿ/áóëüâàðíàÿ ïðåññà ˜
The film reports of the Hong Kong
and French disasters were in the
worst traditions of the yellow
press.
there are other/plenty more fish
in the sea
ñâåò êëèíîì íå ñîøåëñÿ ˜ If
your daughter is upset because her
boyfriend left her, declaring cheerfully “There are other fish in the
sea” won’t help. ˜ After his divorce,
friends consoled him with the fact
that there were plenty of other fish
in the sea.
there’s life in the old dog yet
åñòü åùå ïîðîõ â ïîðîõîâíèöàõ
˜ Don’t think I’m too old to swim that
river, there’s life in the old dog yet.
thick as thieves
âîäîé íå ðàçîëüåøü; íå ðàçëåé
âîäîé ˜ They didn’t like each other
at first, but they’re as thick as
thieves now.
thick on the ground
âàëÿòüñÿ ïîä íîãàìè/íà äîðîãå
˜ If I were you, I’d take the job.
Such opportunities are not thick on
the ground.
thin on the ground
íå ãóñòî (íåäîñòàòî÷íî) ˜ Ideas
are thin on the ground in the British
film industry.
thingy/thingummy
íó, ýòîò/ýòà, êàê åãî/åå òàì (î ÷åëîâåêå èëè âåùè) ˜ I saw thingummy in the post office yesterday.
158
throw down the gauntlet
think no small beer of oneself
ìíîãî î ñåáå âîîáðàæàòü ˜
Since Heike won a place at university to study law, she thinks no
small beer of herself.
think the world of smb
äóøè íå ÷àÿòü ˜ He thinks the
world of his wife. ˜ He’s an excellent doctor. His patients all think
the world of him.
thirty pieces of silver
(bibl)
òðèäöàòü ñðåáðåíèêî⠘ He has
thrown his humanity into the gutter,
he had betrayed the trust that men
place in one another, and with his
thirty pieces of silver he had bought
– what had he bought?
this, that and the other
òî, ñå, ïÿòîå, äåñÿòîå; òî îäíî,
òî äðóãîå ˜ My boss and I spend
our time arguing about this, that and
the other, and never come to any
agreement on anything.
thrash out a problem
ðàçîáðàòü ïî êîñòî÷êàì (òùàòåëüíî ðàçîáðàòüñÿ â ïðîáëåìå)
˜ Try and see how many of these
questions you can thrash out
among the three of you.
really settled in England. She was
French through and through.
2. îò êîðêè äî êîðêè; äîñêîíàëüíî; òùàòåëüíî ˜ I’ve studied
this report through and through trying to find the facts you’ve mentioned.
through the back door
îêîëüíûì ïóòåì; ÷åðåç ÷åðíûé
õîä ˜ How did you manage to get
a job with the bank? – Well, I got
in through the back door, really. My
dad plays golf with one of the directors.
through thick and thin
è â ðàäîñòè, è â ãîðå; ïðåîäîëåòü ëþáûå òðóäíîñòè; íå îòñòóïàòü íè íà øà㠘 His wife stuck
faithfully to him through thick and
thin. ˜ She remained loyal to the
party through thick and thin.
throw a party
çàêàòèòü/óñòðîèòü âå÷åðèíêó ˜
I’m throwing a birthday party tonight.
throw a tantrum
çàêàòèòü ñêàíäàë/èñòåðèêó ˜ As
a young girl, Elko was always
throwing tantrums.
three sheets in/to the wind
(Am inf)
ìîðå ïî êîëåíî; âî õìåëþ ˜
After six beers he’s three sheets in
the wind.
throw cold water on
(inf)
âûëèòü óøàò õîëîäíîé âîäû
(ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü) ˜ She often has
good ideas but her boss throws cold
water on all of them. ˜ Margaret
Thatcher poured cold water on the
idea of a European central bank.
through and through
1. äî ìîçãà êîñòåé ˜ He’s not
just a crook. He’s mean and rotten
through and through. ˜ She never
throw down the gauntlet
áðîñèòü ïåð÷àòêó/âûçî⠘ He
threw down the gauntlet by calling
his opponent a liar.
159
throw dust into smb’s eyes
throw dust into smb’s eyes
âåøàòü ëàïøó íà óøè; âòèðàòü
î÷êè ˜ She only mentioned the possibility in order to throw dust in my eyes.
throw in one’s lot with smb
ñâÿçàòü ñóäüáó ñ ê-ë ˜ He’s understandably reluctant to throw in his
lot with a struggling young company
who might not exist in a year’s time.
throw in the towel
(inf)
ìàõíóòü ðóêîé (ïðèçíàòü ñâîå
ïîðàæåíèå); ñäàòüñÿ; ïîäíÿòü
ëàïêè êâåðõó ˜ If we cannot raise
any money to carry on our campaign,
we shall have to throw in the towel.
throw light on smth
ïðîëèòü ñâåò íà ÷-ë (ïðîÿñíèòü
ñèòóàöèþ) ˜ Thank you for throwing some light on what is really a
very complicated subject. ˜ This
letter throws light on the reasons
for his actions at the time.
throw one’s weight about/
around
(inf)
äàâèòü ñâîèì àâòîðèòåòîì;
âûïåíäðèâàòüñÿ; êè÷èòüñÿ ñâîèì
ïîëîæåíèåì, óñïåõàìè ˜ The district manager came to our office and
tried to throw his weight around, but
no one paid any attention to him. ˜
Bob was stronger than the other
boys, and he threw his weight around.
have to throw myself at your feet in
order to convince you that I’m sorry?
throw smb a curve
èñïîðòèòü ìóçûêó; ïîäëîæèòü
ñâèíüþ ˜ When I ran into Steve
stepping out with a young girl, I threw
him a curve asking after his wife.
throw smb a lifeline
áðîñèòü ñïàñàòåëüíûé êðóã; âûðó÷èòü èç áåäû ˜ I wish someone
would throw me a lifeline! With a
loan of a couple of thousand
pounds I could just about get myself out of trouble.
throw smb off the scent
ñáèòü ñî ñëåäà ˜ She told the
police a lie in order to throw them
off the scent.
throw smb/smth on the scrap
heap
(inf)
âûêèíóòü/âûáðîñèòü íà ñâàëêó
(çà íåíàäîáíîñòüþ) ˜ Many people
over 40 who can’t find a job feel
they’ve been thrown on the scrap
heap.
throw smb to the wolves
ïîäñòàâèòü; ïîñòàâèòü ïîä óäàð;
îòäàòü íà ðàñòåðçàíèå ˜ No one
warned me what sort of people
I would be dealing with. I felt I’d
been thrown to the wolves.
throw oneself at
âåøàòüñÿ íà øåþ ˜ She was constantly phoning him and inviting him
over, really throwing herself at him.
throw smth in smb’s face/teeth
áðîñàòü â ëèöî (óïðåê);
ïîïðåêàòü ˜ She was always
throwing mistakes in his teeth.
throw oneself at smb’s feet
áðîñèòüñÿ/êèíóòüñÿ â íîãè ˜ Do I
throw the book (of rules) at smb
îáâèíèòü âî âñåõ ñìåðòíûõ
160
till kingdom come
ãðåõàõ; îò÷èòàòü ˜ I made the police officer angry, so he took me to
the station and threw the book at me.
thumb one’s nose at
íè â ãðîø íå ñòàâèòü (çàêîíû,
âëàñòü); èçäåâàòüñÿ; íàñìåõàòüñÿ
˜ The police must do something
to prevent these criminals thumbing their noses at the authorities and
getting away with it.
tickle one’s funny bone
óìîðèòü; ðàññìåøèòü ˜ This
story tickled John’s funny bone and
he giggled and giggled.
tickle/tinkle the ivories
(humor)
áðåí÷àòü íà ïèàíèíî; áàðàáàíèòü ïî êëàâèøàì ˜ Grandma
could tickle the ivories like a professional.
tiddly
(adj)
ïîääàòûé, äàòåíüêèé (ñëåãêà
ïüÿíûé) ˜ I’m feeling tiddly after
that glass of cognac.
tie smb in/into knots
ñáèòü ñ òîëêó ˜ Without a lawyer
to represent you in court, the prosecution will tie you in knots.
tied to smb’s apron strings
äåðæàòüñÿ çà þáêó (ïîëíîñòüþ
çàâèñåòü) ˜ At 25, he was still too
tied to her apron strings to get an
apartment of his own.
tight
(sl adj)
ïîä ìóõîé; íàâåñåëå ˜ Dennis
had been at the pub since lunchtime and that evening his wife was
dismayed when he returned home
tight once again.
tight as a drum
â îáòÿæêó, â îáëèïî÷êó (îá
îäåæäå) ˜ Trying on her sister’s
dress, Claire remarked, “It’s as tight
as a drum. I can’t possibly wear
this to the ball on Saturday.”
tighten one’s belt
çàòÿíóòü ïîòóæå ïîÿñ ˜ If the
economy gets worse, we shall just
have to tighten our belts.
tighten the reins
íàòÿíóòü âîææè ˜ She tightened
the reins on her younger sons in an
effort to curb their wild behaviour
before it’s too late.
tighten the screws on smb
(inf)
çàâèí÷èâàòü ãàéêè ˜ The police
are tightening the screws on drivers
who don’t wear their seat belts by
fining them.
tight-fisted
(adj)
ïðèæèìèñòûé, ñêóïîé ˜ Our
boss is too tight-fisted to buy
proper equipment for his workers.
till all hours
äî ïåðâûõ ïåòóõî⠘ There was
a big party somewhere close by last
night. Car doors were banging till
all hours.
till kingdom come
äî âòîðîãî ïðèøåñòâèÿ (äî áåñêîíå÷íîñòè) ˜ I can’t get my wife away
from parties – she’d be quite happy
to sit there chatting till kingdom come.
161
till the cows come home
till the cows come home
äî âòîðîãî ïðèøåñòâèÿ (äî áåñêîíå÷íîñòè) ˜ We could cheerfully
sit here talking till the cows come
home.
till/until one drops
äî ïîòåðè ïóëüñà ˜ But there
was tremendous competition, and
the only way to get on was to practise till you dropped.
till/until one is blue in the face
äî õðèïîòû/èçíåìîæåíèÿ/ïîñèíåíèÿ (ãîâîðèòü, óáåæäàòü) ˜ I’ve
talked to Jim till I’m blue in the face
about smoking, but he has no intention of giving up.
time will tell
âðåìÿ ïîêàæåò ˜ Only time will tell
if the business will be successful.
tip the scales
ïåðåòÿíóòü ÷àøó âåñî⠘ The sudden economic growth should tip the
scales in favour of new investment.
tit for tat
(inf)
îêî çà îêî; çóá çà çóá ˜ I forgot
her birthday and so she didn’t send
me a card either. It was just tit for
tat.
to a T
êîìàð íîñà íå ïîäòî÷èò; èäåàëüíî;
òî÷ü-â-òî÷ü ˜ We saw a woman on
TV who could imitate Mrs Thatcher
to a T. ˜ That hat suits you to a T.
to one’s cost
íà ñâîåé øêóðå (èñïûòàòü) ˜
I have discovered to my cost that
the boss is not very kind and friendly.
to one’s heart’s content
ñêîëüêî äóøå óãîäíî ˜ During
the summer, she can play in the
garden to her heart’s content.
to the life
òî÷ü-â-òî÷ü; îäèí ê îäíîìó (ïîõîæ) ˜ When he put on that
uniform he was Napoleon to the life.
˜ The child can copy his teacher’s
manner of speaking to the life.
to the tune of
íà êðóãëåíüêóþ ñóììó ˜ The
collapse of the Banco Ambrossiano
stung several Italian investors to the
tune of many million lire.
toe the line
õîäèòü ïî ñòðóíêå (ïîä÷èíÿòüñÿ
ïðàâèëàì) ˜ He was sacked for
not toeing the Party line. ˜ John
finally got fired. He just couldn’t
learn to toe the line.
tongue-tied
(adj)
êîñíîÿçû÷íûé; ÿçûê çàïëåòàåòñÿ
˜ Whenever a teacher speaks to
me, I get tongue-tied.
top drawer
(adj)
ýêñòðà-êëàññ; ñóïåð ˜ The musicians in this pick-up orchestra were
top drawer.
top-notch/topnotch
(adj)
áåñïîäîáíûé; ïåðâîêëàññíûé;
êëàññíûé ˜ The marines are topnotch troops. ˜ The figure-skating
pair put in a top-notch performance.
topsy-turvy
(inf adj)
ââåðõ äíîì; ââåðõ òîðìàøêàìè;
ïåðåâåðíóòûé ñ íîã íà ãîëîâó ˜
162
try one’s hand at smth/doing smth
He went out leaving the house all
topsy-turvy. ˜ We are living in
topsy-turvy times.
touch a chord
çàäåòü ñòðóíó; âûçâàòü îòêëèê ˜
The orphan’s smile touched a chord
in the stern old lady’s heart.
touch and go/touch-and-go
ïîëíàÿ íåîïðåäåëåííîñòü; íèêàêîé ãàðàíòèè ˜ After the accident
it was touch-and-go whether she
would survive. ˜ I thought I was
going to win the race, but it was
still touch and go.
^
organize the fete
but I am afraid to
suggest it in case I tread on someone’s toes. ˜ He is very tactless and
is always treading on other people’s
corns.
tremble like a leaf
äðîæàòü êàê îñèíîâûé ëèñò ˜
It’s a dreadful feeling waiting for
one’s final exam results. I remember that I was trembling like
a leaf.
trendy
(inf adj)
ñóïåðìîäíûé ˜ Trendy clothes
need not be expensive.
touch wood
ïëþíóòü ÷åðåç ëåâîå ïëå÷î (÷òîá
íå ñãëàçèòü) ˜ Everyone seems to
have the flu except me. – Touch
wood!
tricks of the trade
òîíêîñòè ïðîôåññèè; ìàëåíüêèå
õèòðîñòè ˜ Remembering the customers’ names is one of the tricks
of the trade.
touched (in the head)
(adj)
÷îêíóòûé, òðîíóòûé (íå â ñâîåì
óìå) ˜ Such a shame about her
son – he’s a bit touched, you know.
˜ I think the war left him a little
touched in the head.
trim one’s sails (to the wind)
(Am)
óìåðèòü àïïåòèòû; óðåçàòü ðàñõîäû (ïðèñïîñîáèòüñÿ ê îáñòîÿòåëüñòâàì) ˜ The school is having to trim its sails because of government cutback. ˜ Before they
were elected, the government promised that many new schools and
hospitals would be built, but with
the present lack of money they have
had to trim their sails to the wind.
tough luck
íåïðóõà; íåâåçóõà ˜ So you
were late and missed the bus.
Tough luck!
trade barbs
îáìåíÿòüñÿ êîëêîñòÿìè ˜ US
Vice President Al Gore and former
Senator Bill Bradley traded barbs
on health care and Russia.
tread on smb’s toes/corns
íàñòóïèòü íà ëþáèìóþ ìîçîëü;
çàäåòü (îáèäåòü) ˜ I would like to
true to form/type
â ñâîåì ðåïåðòóàðå; âåðåí ñåáå
˜ True to form, he arrived at the
party late.
try one’s hand at smth/doing
smth
ïîïðîáîâàòü ñåáÿ ˜ He tried his
163
try one’s luck
hand at farming; I think I’ll try my
hand at swimming.
try one’s luck
ïîïûòàòü ñ÷àñòüÿ ˜ He was not
sure whether he would be able to
find their house, but he decided to
try his luck.
turn a blind eye to smb/smth
ñìîòðåòü ñêâîçü ïàëüöû; çàêðûâàòü ãëàçà ˜ The usher turned a blind
eye to the little girl who sneaked into
the theatre. ˜ Because he works so
hard, his boss turns a blind eye when
he comes in late.
turn a deaf ear to smth
óõîì íå ïîâåñòè (íå ñëóøàòü,
èãíîðèðîâàòü); íîëü âíèìàíèÿ ˜
They tried to persuade her not to
go, but she turned a deaf ear to their
advice.
turn a fast/quick buck
(inf)
çàêîëà÷èâàòü/çàøèáàòü äåíüãó
˜ During the summer season, icecream sellers on the sea front turn
a quick buck.
turn on/up the heat
ïîääàòü æàðó (ïðèëîæèòü
áîëüøå óñèëèé) ˜ Nottingham
turned up the heat in the second
half and forced their opponents
back onto the defensive. ˜ We
must turn on the heat and make
up the right strategy to succeed.
turn over a new leaf
íà÷àòü íîâóþ æèçíü ˜ He has
been in jail several times, but now
he seems to have turned over a new
leaf.
turn smb’s head
âñêðóæèòü ãîëîâó (îá óñïåõå,
ëåñòè) ˜ Don’t let our praise turn
your head. You’re not perfect.
turn tail
(inf)
ïóñòèòüñÿ íàóòåê; äàòü òÿãó ˜
When I saw him my first impulse
was to turn tail and flee.
turn the other cheek
ïîäñòàâèòü äðóãóþ ùåêó (íå
îòâå÷àòü íà îñêîðáëåíèÿ è îáèäû)
˜ Jane must learn to turn the other
cheek, no matter what the
provocation.
turn the tables
ïîìåíÿòüñÿ ðîëÿìè/ìåñòàìè
(èçìåíèòü ñèòóàöèþ); îòïëàòèòü
òîé æå ìîíåòîé ˜ In their first game
John beat Peter, but in the next
game Peter turned the tables and
won easily. ˜ In his response,
Kissinger sought to turn the tables
on his critics.
turn the tide
ñîçäàòü ïåðåëîì; èçìåíèòü õîä
ñîáûòèé ˜ It looked like the team
was going to lose, but near the end
of the game, our star player turned
the tide.
turn turtle
ïåðåâåðíóòüñÿ ââåðõ òîðìàøêàìè/ââåðõ äíîì ˜ We lost all our
diving gear when the boat turned
turtle just off the shore.
turn up one’s nose/turn one’s
nose up
(inf)
âîðîòèòü íîñ (îòêàçàòüñÿ) ˜ The
child turned up his nose at the
164
under smb’s thumb/under the thumb
school dinner. ˜ He turned his nose
up at my offer of soup and said he
wanted a proper meal.
turn up one’s toes (inf humor)
êîíüêè îòêèíóòü; äóáà äàòü;
ñûãðàòü â ÿùèê ˜ One morning the
children found that their pet mouse
had turned up his toes, so they had
a funeral for him. ˜ I hope to see
my grandchildren in Australia before I turn up my toes.
twiddle one’s thumbs
(inf)
ïëåâàòü â ïîòîëîê; ñèäåòü ñëîæà ðóêè; áèòü áàêëóøè (áåçäåëüíè÷àòü) ˜ He spent six months
twiddling his thumbs while he waited
for a job.
twist smb’s arm
(inf)
íàæàòü/íàäàâèòü íà ê-ë; âûêðó÷èâàòü ðóêè (çàñòàâëÿòü) ˜ He might
help us with the painting if you twist
his arm. ˜ I didn’t want to run for mayor,
but everyone twisted my arm.
twist smb round one’s little
finger
âåðåâêè âèòü ˜ She can twist her
father round her little finger and she
always gets her way.
two/ten-a-penny
íàâàëîì; ïîëíûì-ïîëíî ˜ In
England, the avocado is a delicacy.
Here it is two-a-penny that is used
for fattening pigs.
two-time smb
(sl)
õîäèòü íàëåâî (èçìåíÿòü) ˜ Ann
told Bob that if he ever two-timed
her, she would cause him a lot of
trouble.
U
ugly as sin
íè êîæè, íè ðîæè; ñòðàøíûé êàê
ñìåðòíûé ãðåõ ˜ She’s very beautiful, but I would still love her if she
was as ugly as sin!
ultimate sensation
îñòðûå îùóùåíèÿ ˜ The visit to
the Russian banya was the ultimate
sensation.
Uncle Sam
äÿäÿ Ñýì (Àìåðèêà è àìåðèêàíöû) ˜ We’re going on holiday
to Uncle Sam.
under lock and key
1. çà ñåìüþ çàìêàìè ˜ I always
keep all my medicines under lock
and key so the children can’t get
hold of them.
2. çà ðåøåòêîé ˜ I think the feeling
from the general public is that people like that should be kept under
lock and key for the rest of their lives.
under one’s belt
çà ïëå÷àìè (îá îïûòå, äîñòèæåíèÿõ) ˜ But with no business
knowledge under his belt, Joe decided
to hire someone to run the business.
under one’s own steam
ñâîèì õîäîì ˜ The girls were
offered hotel work in Saudi Arabia,
but had to get there under their own
steam. ˜ I don’t need a lift, thanks.
I’ll get there under my own steam.
under smb’s thumb/under the
thumb
1. â êóëàêå; â ïîëíîì ïîä÷èíå-
165
under smb’s (very) nose
íèè ˜ The committee is firmly under his thumb and will agree to
whatever he asks. ˜ National television is firmly under the thumb of
the hardline president.
2. ïîä ïÿòîé/êàáëóêîì (ó æåíû)
˜ He won’t be able to do any of
this without his wife’s permission.
He’s under the thumb these days.
16th century, the Americas held
untold riches.
under smb’s (very) nose
ïåðåä/ïîä ñàìûì íîñîì ˜ The
book I was looking for was right
under my very nose.
up and down
âçàä è âïåðåä ˜ He walked up
and down outside the hospital room
waiting for news of his wife and
baby.
under the aegis
ïîä ýãèäîé ˜ This is the Morse
collection of the 17th-century
Chinese painting, which has come
to the British Museum under the
aegis of the Arts Council.
under the counter
èç-ïîä ïîëû/ïðèëàâêà ˜ Many of
his books are banned and only available under the counter. ˜ The shop
was not licensed to sell alcohol, but
supplied many people with whisky
under the counter.
under the wire
(Am)
â ïîñëåäíþþ ìèíóòó ˜ I turned
in my report just under the wire.
until hell freezes over (humor)
äî âòîðîãî ïðèøåñòâèÿ; äî
áåñêîíå÷íîñòè ˜ You can argue
with him until hell freezes over but
you’ll never make him change his
mind.
untold riches
íåñìåòíûå áîãàòñòâà ˜ For the
Spanish Conquistadores of the
up and about/around
íà íîãàõ (ïîñëå áîëåçíè); îêëåìàòüñÿ ˜ My father is out of hospital and up and about at last. ˜ I’m
so glad you’re up and around; we
need your help.
up in the air
âî âçâåøåííîì ñîñòîÿíèè; ïîä
âîïðîñîì ˜ Our plans for the next
year’s holiday are still up in the air.
˜ I may be moving to New Zealand, but it’s still up in the air.
up to one’s elbows
ïî ãîðëî (â äåëàõ) ˜ I was up to
my elbows in cooking and children
and I couldn’t concentrate on you.
up to one’s eyes/ears in smth
ïî óøè/ãîðëî â ÷-ë; ïîãðÿçíóòü
˜ She is up to her eyes in schoolwork just at the moment – the exams are next week. ˜ They are up
to their ears in business before
Christmas.
up to one’s neck
(Am)
ïî ãîðëî (â äåëàõ) ˜ Right now
I’m up to my neck in work.
up smb’s street
â äóõå ê-ë; ïî ÷-ë ÷àñòè; â ñôåðå êîìïåòåíöèè/èíòåðåñîâ ê-ë ˜
Don’t ask me anything about
166
walk on air
football – it’s not up my street at
all. ˜ I’ve got a little job here, which
should be right up your street.
ups and downs
âçëåòû è ïàäåíèÿ ˜ I’ve had my
ups and downs, but in general life
has been good to me.
upset the applecart
ðàññòðîèòü ïëàíû; ñïóòàòü
êàðòû ˜ The football team were
doing very well when their best
player upset the applecart by
breaking his leg.
upside down
(adv)
ââåðõ íîãàìè; ââåðõ òîðìàøêàìè ˜ I could tell he was only pretending to read, because his book
was upside down.
use a sledgehammer to crack a
nut
èç ïóøåê ïî âîðîáüÿì ˜ Sending ten men to arrest one small boy
was a clear case of using a sledgehammer to crack a nut.
use one’s loaf
(inf)
øåâåëèòü ìîçãàìè/èçâèëèíàìè
˜ Use your loaf the next time you
light a garden fire on a windy day!
user-friendly
ëåãêèé â èñïîëüçîâàíèè ˜ We
need a new complaints procedure,
which is simple and clear. Can you
think of a user-friendly system?
U-turn
î
ïîâîðîò íà 180 ˜ The government is about to do a U-turn over
its plans to freeze child benefit.
V
vanish into the blue
vanish into thin air
(inf)
èñïàðèòüñÿ; áåññëåäíî èñ÷åçíóòü; êàê ñêâîçü çåìëþ ïðîâàëèòüñÿ ˜ When he saw her all his
worries vanished into the blue. ˜
The report was here on my desk
and now it’s gone, vanished into
thin air.
vent one’s spleen
ñîðâàòü çëîáó; èçëèòü ãíåâ; âûïëåñíóòü çëîñòü ˜ Politicians used
the press conference as an opportunity to vent their spleen on reporters.
vote with one’s feet
ãîëîñîâàòü íîãàìè ˜ Parents are
voting with their feet and moving
their children to schools where
there is better discipline.
W
wait and see
ïîæèâåì – óâèäèì ˜ Do you
think they’ll raise taxes? – We’ll
have to wait and see.
walk a tightrope
õîäèòü ïî îñòðèþ íîæà ˜ As a
manager, you walk a tightrope. The
dividing line between success and
failure is very, very thin.
walk on air
íîã ïîä ñîáîé íå ÷óÿòü;
ïîòåðÿòü ãîëîâó (îò ðàäîñòè) ˜
When the doctor told me I was
going to have a baby, I was walking on air.
167
walk on eggshells
walk on eggshells
õîäèòü ïî òîíêîìó ëüäó ˜ They
were walking on eggshells. Not a
mention of what had happened or
what might happen next. ˜ It was
like walking on eggshells with my
father. The smallest thing would
make him angry.
warm the cockles of smb’s heart
ñîãðåâàòü äóøó ˜ It warmed the
cockles of my heart to see my native country again after so many
years abroad.
wash one’s dirty linen in public
âûíîñèòü ñîð èç èçáû ˜ We
must not allow this matter to be
taken to court. The last thing we
want to do is to wash our dirty linen
in public.
washed out
(adj)
êàê âûæàòûé ëèìîí ˜ I feel
washed out today.
waste one’s breath
ñîòðÿñàòü âîçäóõ; ãîâîðèòü
âïóñòóþ/íà âåòåð ˜ I don’t know
why I bother talking to you – I’m
just wasting my breath. ˜ Don’t
waste your breath talking to her.
She won’t listen.
water under the bridge
äåëî ïðîøëîå; äåëà äàâíî
ìèíóâøèõ äíåé ˜ We certainly
had our disagreements in the past,
but that’s all water under the bridge
now.
wave one’s magic wand
âçìàõíóòü âîëøåáíîé ïàëî÷êîé; ïî ìàíîâåíèþ âîëøåáíîé
ïàëî÷êè; ïî ùó÷üåìó âåëåíèþ ˜
He thinks I can wave my magic
wand and all the housework will be
done; he doesn’t realize how much
time it takes to do it.
wear one’s heart upon one’s
sleeve
äóøà íàðàñïàøêó; îòêðûòûé
÷åëîâåê ˜ I think he was really
disappointed when he didn’t get the
job, but he is not a person who
wears his heart on his sleeve.
wear the trousers/wear the
pants in the family
(Am)
êîìàíäîâàòü ïàðàäîì (âåðõîâîäèòü â ñåìüå; âñåì çàïðàâëÿòü) ˜ He looks like a tough,
strong-minded man, but actually
it’s his wife who wears the trousers.
˜ I don’t think there’s any doubt
about who wears the pants in their
house.
wear thin
èññÿêàòü (î òåðïåíèè); èñòîùèòüñÿ ˜ I’ve warned you several
times about being late and my patience is wearing thin.
weed
(n)
òðàâêà (íàðêîòèê) ˜ He sometimes smokes weed.
weep buckets
ïëàêàòü â òðè ðó÷üÿ; îáëèâàòüñÿ
ñëåçàìè ˜ She wept buckets when
she watched a sad film.
well-heeled
(inf)
«óïàêîâàííûé» (áîãàòûé) ˜ You
need to be well-heeled to be able
to afford to stop here.
168
window dressing
well-versed
ïîäêîâàííûé (â ïðåäìåòå) ˜ She
is well-versed in French history.
wet behind the ears
ìîëîêî íà ãóáàõ íå îáñîõëî;
ìîëîêîñîñ ˜ Hawking was a
research student, still wet behind
the ears by scientific standards.
wet one’s whistle
(Am inf)
ïðîìî÷èòü ãîðëî ˜ We stopped
at a pub to wet our whistles.
what makes smb tick
âîëíîâàòü (ïðèâëåêàòü, èíòåðåñîâàòü) ˜ If I knew what made my
customers tick, I would be able to
sell them more merchandise. ˜ A
good salesperson knows what
makes a customer tick.
what the doctor ordered
òî, ÷òî äîêòîð ïðîïèñàë ˜ At this
moment a cup of tea is just what
the doctor ordered.
wheel and deal
(v)
îáäåëûâàòü äåëèøêè; çàíèìàòüñÿ ìàõèíàöèÿìè ˜ He’s the sort of
guy that likes to drive fast cars and
wheel and deal on the stock exchange.
when hell freezes over
êîãäà ðàê ñâèñòíåò; ïîñëå
äîæäè÷êà â ÷åòâåðã (íèêîãäà) ˜ I’ll
believe you when hell freezes over.
˜ “Tell them you’ll get married when
hell freezes over,” she says.
when pigs fly
ïîñëå äîæäè÷êà â ÷åòâåðã; êîãäà
ðàê ñâèñòíåò (íèêîãäà) ˜ Do you
think he will agree to our proposal?
– Yes, when pigs fly!
when push comes to shove
åñëè ïðèæìåò/ïðèïðåò (â êðèòè÷åñêîé ñèòóàöèè) ˜ They knew they
could sit back, and when push came
to shove I’d do all the work.
whet one’s appetite
ðàçæå÷ü àïïåòèò ˜ That first
flying lesson whetted her appetite.
˜ I’ve read only the first few pages
of his book, but it was enough to
whet my appetite.
when the spirit moves you
(humor)
ïîä íàñòðîåíèå ˜ He’ll cook now
and again, when the spirit moves him.
wide of the mark
ïîïàñòü ïàëüöåì â íåáî ˜ You
were wide of the mark when you
said I did it, because Bill did it.
willy-nilly
(adv)
ïðîòèâ âîëè; âîëåé-íåâîëåé ˜
Both countries are being drawn,
willy-nilly, into the conflict.
win one’s spurs
ïðîÿâèòü ñåáÿ; çàâîåâàòü ïðèçíàíèå; ïðèîáðåñòè èìÿ ˜ He won
his political spurs fighting hospital
closures during his time as a local
councillor in Bristol.
win the day
âçÿòü/áðàòü âåðõ ˜ Good sense
will always win the day in the end.
169
window dressing
ïîêàçóõà; î÷êîâòèðàòåëüñòâî;
wipe the floor with
ïîòåìêèíñêèå äåðåâíè ˜ They are
too loving in public. I don’t believe
in it, I think it’s window dressing. ˜
All those fancy invitations turned out
to be nothing but window dressing.
All he really wanted was to be introduced to my influential father-in-law.
wipe the floor with
ìîêðîå ìåñòî îñòàâèòü; â ïîðîøîê ñòåðåòü; ïî ñòåíêå ðàçìàçàòü
˜ Do you really think we will win the
football match on Saturday? – Yes,
we’ll wipe the floor with them.
wipe the slate clean
íà÷àòü íîâóþ æèçíü ˜ I’d like to
wipe my slate clean and start all
over again.
wise after the event
çàäíèì óìîì êðåïîê ˜ It’s all
very well, being wise after the
event, but what we really need is
to be able to act decisively when
an emergency arises.
wishful thinking
áëàãèå ïîæåëàíèÿ; ïóñòûå
ìå÷òû; ñàìîîáîëüùåíèå ˜ When
Ministers predict that we are on the
verge of a boom, they are naturally
suspected of wishful thinking. ˜
Mathew wanted to be a basketball
player, but with his height that was
wishful thinking.
with a vengeance
ñ ëèõâîé ˜ I was warned it would
be hard work, and hard work with a
vengeance it was.
with bated breath
çàòàèâ äûõàíèå ˜ The crowd
watched with bated breath as the
fireman brought the child down the
ladder.
with flying colours
áëåñòÿùå; ñ óñïåõîì; ñ ïîáåäîé
˜ He passed his exams with flying
colours. ˜ Tom finished the race
with flying colours.
with it
(inf)
â ñòðóå (ìîäíûé, ñîâðåìåííûé);
íå îòñòàâàòü îò æèçíè; èäòè â
íîãó ñî âðåìåíåì ˜ She may be
a grandmother, but she’s quite with
it in the way she dresses. ˜ Jenny’s very with it – she’ll know what
people are wearing this summer.
with no strings attached
áåç îãîâîðîê/îãðàíè÷åíèé; íå
íàâÿçûâàÿ óñëîâèé ˜ The donation has no strings attached, so the
charity is free to use it for whatever purpose it chooses. ˜ It’s very
rare that you get a loan that size
with no strings attached.
with one arm tied behind one’s
back
îäíîé ëåâîé; íå ïðèêëàäûâàÿ
óñèëèé ˜ I can assemble that chair
with one arm tied behind my back.
with one’s bare hands
ãîëûìè ðóêàìè ˜ Having no
knife, he tore at the meat with his
bare hands.
with one’s tail between one’s
legs
ïîäæàâ õâîñò; ïðèñòûæåííî;
óíèæåííî; ñìóùåííî ˜ I gave the
child a severe scolding and he went
170
would not say “boo”/boo to a goose
away with his tail between his legs.
˜ The losing team walked off with
their tails between their legs.
with open arms
ñ ðàñïðîñòåðòûìè îáúÿòèÿìè ˜
They received their visitors with open
arms.
with the naked eye
íåâîîðóæåííûì ãëàçîì ˜ He
went on watching them through his
binoculars until they were close
enough to be seen with the naked
eye.
ñåðäöó; áåññìûñëåííî ˜ His
method of classifying books seems
to be without rhyme or reason. ˜
English spelling and pronunciation
must seem to the foreigner to be
totally without rhyme or reason. ˜
Why should Wilson close down the
store when it’s making such profits? It’s without rhyme or reason!
wool-gathering
(inf)
âèòàòü â îáëàêàõ ˜ I’m tired of
his constant wool-gathering –
I wish he could concentrate on his
work.
within an ace of smth/doing
smth
÷óòü áûëî íå; ïî÷òè ˜ Her ambition to star in a musical is within
an ace of being fulfilled following
talks with a West End producer.
˜ We were within an ace of calling you, but we’d lost your phone
number.
word perfect
çíàòü íàçóáîê ˜ By Friday, when
the show is recorded, we are all
expected to be word perfect.
within reason
â ïðåäåëàõ ðàçóìíîãî ˜ I’ll pay
any sum you ask – within reason.
work wonders
òâîðèòü ÷óäåñà ˜ The new medicine has worked wonders for my
backache.
without a hitch
áåç ñó÷êà è çàäîðèíêè; êàê ïî
íîòàì (ãëàäêî) ˜ The removal van
was quite prepared to come in the
evening when it was dark, and the
whole operation went without a hitch.
without a stitch on
(inf)
â ÷åì ìàòü ðîäèëà ˜ They let
their child run around outside without a stitch on.
without rhyme or reason
íè ñêëàäó, íè ëàäó; íè óìó, íè
work like a horse
ðàáîòàòü êàê âîë ˜ I’ve been
working like a horse all day, trying
to finish the roof repairs.
worn to a shadow
ïðåâðàòèòüñÿ â òåíü ˜ She
was worn to a shadow after
months of nursing her sick
husband.
worth one’s weight in gold
íà âåñ çîëîòà ˜ My secretary is
worth her weight in gold.
would not say “boo”/boo to a
goose
ìóõè íå îáèäåòü; çàñòåí÷èâûé,
171
wouldn’t/won’t touch smb/smth with a barge pole
ñêðîìíûé ˜ She ought to have
complained about it, but she’s so
quiet she wouldn’t say boo to a
goose.
wouldn’t/won’t touch smb/
smth with a barge pole
íà ïóøå÷íûé âûñòðåë íå ïîäõîäèòü; äåðæàòüñÿ ïîäàëüøå; íå
ïðèòðàãèâàòüñÿ ˜ I wouldn’t touch
the food in that restaurant with a
barge pole.
wound up
(inf adj)
âçâèí÷åííûé; íà íåðâàõ ˜ She
gets very wound up about going to
the dentist.
wring one’s hands
çàëàìûâàòü ðóêè (îò îò÷àÿíèÿ)
˜ Clinton’s staunchest defenders
have been wringing their hands
over his scandalous personal behaviour.
Y
you can hear a pin drop
ñëûøíî êàê ìóõà ïðîëåòèò ˜
You could have heard a pin drop
when the manager announced that
he was leaving – no one wanted to
say the wrong thing.
you can’t make an omelette
without breaking eggs
ëåñ ðóáÿò – ùåïêè ëåòÿò ˜
Twenty jobs will have to be cut if
the company’s going to be made
more efficient. But you can’t make
an omelette without breaking eggs.
Z
zoo daddy
âîñêðåñíûé ïàïà ˜ I grew up alone
with my Mom and have only vague
recollections of my zoo daddy buying me ice-cream on a Sunday.
Without knowing the force of words,
it is impossible to know men.
Confucius
PHRASAL VERBS
A
act up
(inf)
1. áàðàõëèòü (î ìåõàíèçìå) ˜
The car acted up because the spark
plugs were dirty. ˜ Her washing
machine was acting up again.
2. ïðîêàçíè÷àòü ˜ The children
always start acting up when it’s
time to go to bed. ˜ As soon as
one of the kids starts acting up,
the others follow.
add up
(inf)
ñîéòèñü, ñîâïàñòü, âÿçàòüñÿ (ïî
ñìûñëó) ˜ I’m not sure that all this
testimony will add up. ˜ It all added
up, I became aware that Halliday
was the thief.
answer back
îãðûçàòüñÿ, äåðçèòü ˜ Answering your teachers back is not the
best way to make yourself popular
with them. ˜ What do you do with
a child who answers back?
ante up
(Am inf)
âûëîæèòü äåíåæêè, ðàñïëàòèòüñÿ
˜ “I guess I’d better ante up if I want
to stay an active member of the
Association,” Max said. ˜ The
government anted up $10,000 to send
the children’s theatre company on tour.
ask for (it)
(inf)
íàðûâàòüñÿ/íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ íà
íåïðèÿòíîñòè; ëåçòü íà ðîæîí ˜
The workman lost his job, but he
asked for it by coming to work
drunk several times. ˜ Speeding
as much as he does, he has been
asking for a ticket.
B
back down (on)
ïîéòè íà óñòóïêè, ñäàòüñÿ, îòêàçàòüñÿ ˜ The speaker’s forceful
words persuaded his opponents to
back down. ˜ Don’t back down on
what you asked at the beginning of
the negotiations.
back out
1. âûéòè èç èãðû, ïîéòè íà ïîïÿòíûé, óêëîíÿòüñÿ ˜ He agreed
to help but backed out when he
found how difficult it was. ˜ At the
last moment John backed out and
refused to go with us. ˜ I’ve already signed a lease for my appointment, but I wish I could back
out of it.
2. äàòü çàäíèé õîä (âûåõàòü
çàäîì) ˜ When wedged between
173
back smb up
two cars, it is difficult to back out.
˜ Bob slowly backed his car out
of the garage.
back smb up
ïîääåðæèâàòü ˜ I’d never complain to the boss unless I was sure
my colleagues would back me up.
˜ Will you back me up when I tell
the story to the police?
back up
äàòü íàçàä/çàäíèé õîä (âúåõàòü
çàäîì) ˜ If you want to get your car
in that tight space, you’ll have to back
it up some more. ˜ He told her to
back up into the garage.
bang out
(inf)
òàðàáàíèòü, áðåí÷àòü (íà ðîÿëå);
íàøëåïàòü (íàïå÷àòàòü íà ìàøèíêå) ˜ He was banging out ‘Au Clair
de la Lune’ for all he was worth. ˜
The accompanist banged out the
melody on the piano. ˜ I managed
to bang a few pages out last night.
bang up
(inf)
ïîñàäèòü â òþðüìó ˜ He was
banged up for 16 years for a murder that he didn’t commit.
bank on smb/smth
ñòàâèòü (ðàññ÷èòûâàòü íà ê-ë/÷-ë)
˜ Bill is banking on Jane to lend him
the money he needs. ˜ Green Cross
is clearly banking on these advantages to outweigh the drawbacks.
bargain for/on
ðàññ÷èòûâàòü, îæèäàòü ˜ The
strength of the opposition was rather
more than she’d bargained for. ˜
When Sheila offered to look after
the neighbour’s four children, she got
more than she had bargained for.
barge in/into
(inf)
1. ïåðåáèâàòü, ïðåðûâàòü áåñåäó,
âìåøèâàòüñÿ â ðàçãîâîð ˜ I’m
sorry for barging in while you two are
having a discussion, but could you
please tell me where the nearest exit
is. ˜ Renate spoke stiffly to her when
she barged into these conversations.
2. íàãðÿíóòü, ââàëèòüñÿ , çàÿâèòüñÿ (áåç ïðèãëàøåíèÿ) ˜ I’m sorry
for barging in like that, Sir, but my car
broke down and there is no pay phone
anywhere. ˜ Most women would have
come barging into the kitchen with
ironic or unhelpful suggestions.
bark out
ðÿâêíóòü (ãðîìêî âûêðèêíóòü) ˜
Billy Fry stood on the bridge, barking out orders through a megaphone. ˜ The policeman barked
out a warning as the gunmen appeared.
bawl out
(inf)
ïðîïåñî÷èòü, îò÷èõâîñòèòü, îò÷èòàòü ˜ Just for my benefit he
bawled out a junior clerk. ˜ Her
teacher was always bawling out the
class for not paying attention.
be after smth
ìåòèòü, íàöåëèòüñÿ íà ÷-ë ˜
Jack’s after a promotion to head of
department. ˜ Jim visits his old
uncle every week. He may be after
the old man’s money.
be at smb
(inf)
öåïëÿòüñÿ, ïðèñòàâàòü; ñòàðàòüñÿ
óáåäèòü ˜ Jill wants her husband to
174
be mixed up in smth
stop smoking. He says she’s
continually at him. ˜ She’s always at
the children for one thing or another.
be cut up
(inf)
çàäåòûé, óÿçâëåííûé, îãîð÷åííûé ˜ She’s really cut up about
getting a D in Maths. ˜ John was
badly cut up when Susie gave him
back his ring.
be done for
êîíåö, êðûøêà ˜ If his battery fails,
he’s done for. ˜ The nation is done
for now that this party is in power.
be down on smb/smth (inf)
ðàçíåñòè (ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü); ïðèäèðàòüñÿ, áðàíèòü ˜ The critics are
very down on Stevenson’s new book,
but I like it. ˜ The teacher is always
down on the slower students.
be fed up with smb/smth (inf)
ñûò ïî ãîðëî ˜ I should think
they are getting pretty fed up with
him by now. ˜ He was fed up with
her excuses.
be gone on smb/smth
(sl)
ïîìåøàòüñÿ, ñ óìà ñõîäèòü ˜
She was relly gone on that man. ˜
Why are young people so gone on
that loud pop music?
be hung up (on)
(inf)
çàöèêëèòüñÿ (ïîìåøàòüñÿ,
èìåòü íàâÿç÷èâóþ èäåþ) ˜ For
years the FBI was hung up on
communist spies. ˜ The girl is
really hung up on that musician.
be in for
íàäâèãàòüñÿ (î íåæåëàòåëüíûõ
ñîáûòèÿõ); íåñäîáðîâàòü ˜ It
looks as if we’re in for a storm. ˜
We saw Father looking angrily out
of the broken window, and we knew
we were in for it.
be in on
(inf)
áûòü ïîñâÿùåííûì/â êóðñå;
ó÷àñòâîâàòü ˜ Who’s in on the
plan apart from you and me? ˜ Is
she in on our secret?
be (well) in with smb
(inf)
áûòü íà «òû»/íà êîðîòêîé íîãå
ñ ê-ë; òåñíî ñâÿçàíû ˜ Janet always makes sure she’s in with the
most influential people at the sailing club. ˜ I think the local police
are in with the criminals.
be keyed up
áûòü íà âçâîäå/íà íåðâàõ/
âçâèí÷åííûì ˜ We can’t delay the
race too long, the competitors are
all keyed up. ˜ His anger surprised
him: he was more keyed up than
he had anticipated.
be laid up
ñâàëèòüñÿ, çàáîëåòü ˜ We are
working with a skeleton staff at the
moment as most our employees are
laid up with influenza. ˜ The
gentleman had been laid up for five
days with a bad cold.
be mixed up in smth
çàìåøàííûé, âïóòàííûé, âòÿíóòûé âî ÷-ë ˜ How many more
people were mixed up in the
shameful harbour matter? ˜ Are
you going to get mixed up in this
gang war the papers are talking
about?
175
be put out
be put out
ðàññòðîåííûé, îãîð÷åííûé, ïîäàâëåííûé ˜ She was very put
out when I said that her new summer
dress didn’t suit her. ˜ “So,” asked
von Amsburg, obviously put out by
the general’s answer.
be run down
èçìî÷àëåííûé, èçìó÷åííûé,
èçìîæäåííûé; êàê âûæàòûé ëèìîí ˜ After writing that report,
I felt rather run down. ˜ In spite of
my holiday in the sun, I’ve been run
down recently.
be soaked through
ïðîìîêíóòü äî êîñòåé/äî íèòî÷êè/íàñêâîçü ˜ The children came
soaked through, so we put them in
hot bath. ˜ She fell in the stream
and was soaked through.
be stuck-up
(inf)
çàäàâàòüñÿ, çàíîñ÷èâî äåðæàòüñÿ ˜ Mary is very stuck-up,
and will not speak to the poor children in her class.
be up
èñòå÷ü (î âðåìåíè) ˜ We hired
a boat for an hour and when the
time was up, we returned it. ˜ Hand
in your papers, your time is up.
be up against it
ñòîëêíóòüñÿ ñ áîëüøèìè òðóäíîñòÿìè ˜ The Welsh rugby team
will really be up against it when they
take on France next week.
be up to smth
çàòåâàòü, çàìûøëÿòü ˜ It’s very
quiet. I bet little Jimmy’s up to some
mischief again! ˜ Where are you
going? Are you up to something?
be well up on/in smth
ïîäêîâàííûé (õîðîøî çíàòü ïðåäìåò) ˜ I’m not very well up on ancient
Greek history. ˜ Ask Dr White, he’s
well up in children’s diseases.
be with
1. ïîíèìàòü î ÷åì ðå÷ü, ñëåäîâàòü çà ìûñëüþ ˜ “Are you still
with me?” asked the chairman,
half-way through his speech. – “I
was with you as far as your last
point, then I got confused.” ˜
Would you repeat that please? I’m
not with you.
2. öåëèêîì è ïîëíîñòüþ «çà»,
ñîãëàøàòüñÿ; ïîääåðæèâàòü ˜ As
for introducing flextime in our department, Mr Brown, I’m with you! ˜ We’re
all with you one hundred per cent!
bear up
äåðæàòüñÿ (ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ ñ ãîðåì/òðóäíîñòÿìè)˜ How’s Mrs
Jones bearing up after her
husband’s tragic death? ˜ Jane
found it hard to bear up the strain
of her father’s illness.
beaver away
ïàõàòü, âêàëûâàòü, êîðïåòü ˜
He beavers away, putting up one
house after another. ˜ Lucy has
been beavering away at her studies
all afternoon.
beef up
(inf)
1. îæèâèòü, ðàçáàâèòü, ñäîáðèòü, ïðèïðàâèòü (ñäåëàòü áîëåå
èíòåðåñíûì) ˜ It’s a good lecture,
but I suggest you beef it up a bit
176
blow up
with a few jokes, humorous comments, personal experiences, etc.
˜ They had beefed up the early
evening news programme.
2. óëó÷øèòü, óêðåïèòü ˜ We
need new young soldiers to beef up
the army. ˜ The university beefed
up the football coaching staff by
adding several good men.
been around
ïîâèäàòü æèçíü, çíàòü ÷òî ïî÷åì
˜ This strategy won’t fool Bill; he’s
been around. ˜ “You’ve been
around, despite the schoolgirl getup,” he said. – “I’ve been around,”
Helen said.
belt out
(Am inf)
1. ðàñïåâàòü âî âñå ãîðëî,
äðàòü ãëîòêó, íàÿðèâàòü (ãðîìêî
ïåòü èëè èãðàòü) ˜ She was belting
out ‘My Way’ at the top of her voice.
˜ He belted out the national anthem
before every game.
2. âûðóáèòü; èçáèòü; ïðèêîí÷èòü
˜ The police officer was accused
of belting out the teenager before
taking him to the station. ˜ The
hold-up man belted out the storekeeper and fled with the money.
black out
âûðóáèòüñÿ (ïîòåðÿòü ñîçíàíèå) ˜ I was able, before blacking out, to note that he had a gun.
˜ I couldn’t remember a single note
of music; I blacked out completely.
blow away/off
óíåñòè, ñîðâàòü, ñäóòü (âåòðîì)
˜ I’m afraid the wind may blow away
the tent. ˜ The sails were blown
away. ˜ The roof of the house was
blown off during the storm. ˜ The
wind blew my scarf off.
blow down
ïîâàëèòü, ñâàëèòü (âåòðîì) ˜
The wind blew down the fence. ˜
The hurricane blew down a tree.
blow off
(Am sl)
íàïëåâàòü (íå óäåëÿòü âíèìàíèÿ); èãíîðèðîâàòü ˜ If you
blow off your homework, you’re
bound to run into trouble at the
exam. ˜ He would have been selected as a finalist if he hadn’t blown
off the interview.
blow off (steam)
ðàçðÿäèòüñÿ, äàòü âûõîä ÷óâñòâàì; ñíÿòü ñòðåññ ˜ Joan’s shouting did not mean she was angry with
you; she was just blowing off. ˜
After spending the day on very exacting work, Tom blew off steam
by going for a long run.
blow out
ñåñòü, ñïóñòèòü (î øèíå) ˜ On our
trip to Florida one of our tires blew
out. ˜ This tire is about to blow out.
blow up
(inf)
1. âñïûëèòü, âçîðâàòüñÿ, âûéòè
èç ñåáÿ ˜ I’m sorry, I didn’t mean
to blow up at you in that way. ˜ He
blows up every time he sees me.
˜ Mother will blow up at you when
she finds her best dishes broken.
2. ðàçäóâàòü (ïðåóâåëè÷èâàòü
çíà÷èìîñòü) ˜ Tom has a tendency
to blow up his own role in the affair.
˜ It was a small thing to happen
but the newspapers had blown it up
until it seemed important.
177
blurt out
3. óâåëè÷èòü ôîòîãðàôèþ  He
blew up the snapshot to a larger
size.
blurt out
ëÿïíóòü, ïðîáîëòàòüñÿ, âûáîëòàòü,
âûïàëèòü ˜ Peter blurted out the
news before he considered its effect.
˜ Before his mother could make him
shut up, little Bobby blurted out a
family secret.
bog down
óâÿçíóòü, çàñòðÿòü ˜ The talks with
the men bogged down on the question of working hours. ˜ The negotiations have bogged down again.
boil down to smth
ñâåñòè, ñâîäèòüñÿ ê ÷-ë (óïðîñòèòü è ñîêðàòèòü) ˜ The whole
issue boils down to the same old
problem – how to fight inflation
without lowering the standard of
living. ˜ You can boil the long story
down to a few sentences and it still
has the same meaning.
bone up (on)
(inf)
êîðïåòü, çóáðèòü ˜ I’ll have to
bone up on my Spanish if I’m to
pass the language requirements. ˜
Carl was boning up for an
examination.
bore into
ñâåðëèòü (ãëàçàìè), áóðàâèòü
(âçãëÿäîì) ˜ Vorster’s eyes bored
into me. He said, “We are at war.
You cannot afford to refuse.” ˜
He’s got this cold stare that seems
to bore into you.
boss smb around
êîìàíäîâàòü, ðàñïîðÿæàòüñÿ,
ïîìûêàòü ˜ David complained that
his older sister was always bossing him around. ˜ “If you keep
bossing me around, darling,” Tom
said to Jane, “the days of our relationship are surely numbered.”
bottle out
ïîéòè íà ïîïÿòíûé, ñòðóñèòü ˜
She’ll bottle out when she sees the
other competitors. ˜ She was going to do a parachute jump but
bottled out at the last minute.
boil over
(inf)
1. óáåãàòü (î æèäêîñòè) ˜ The
soup’s boiling over. ˜ Take the milk
off the heat before it boils over.
2. âñêèïåòü, êèïÿòèòüñÿ, ñåðäèòüñÿ ˜ The mere mention of a
tax increase will make Kevin boil
over. ˜ The trade union chief boiled
over when the men voted against
him.
bottle up
(inf)
ñäåðæèâàòü, ñêðûâàòü, ïîäàâëÿòü (÷óâñòâà) ˜ Tell him exactly
how unjust you think it all is. Let
him know your feelings. Don’t bottle
them up. ˜ Bottling up your anger
leads to trouble.
bolt down
çàãëîòèòü (î åäå) ˜ He bolted
down his lunch and rushed off to the
airport. ˜ If you bolt your dinner
down like that you’ll get indigestion!
bounce back
îêëåìàòüñÿ, îïðàâèòüñÿ îò óäàðà, ïðèéòè â íîðìó, âîñïðÿíóòü
äóõîì ˜ Don’t worry about Matthew.
He’s been bankrupt twice before and
178
break up
he always bounces back. ˜ Small
children often catch diseases, but
they soon bounce back.
break away
1. îòîðâàòüñÿ (îò çàíÿòèÿ), ïðåêðàòèòü, ïåðåñòàòü ˜Television
has a hypnotic effect on him. Once
he starts watching TV, he finds it
hard to break away from it. ˜ She
broke away from work long enough
to go out for lunch.
2. âûðâàòüñÿ ˜ Two police officers
tried to restrain him, but he broke
away and ran into a nearby house.
break down
1. ñëîìàòü(ñÿ) (ìîðàëüíî); ñëîìèòü ˜ He was afraid he was going to break down and cry. ˜ The
police tried to break down the prisoner’s opposition.
2. âçëîìàòü, ñëîìàòü ˜ They
broke down the door and entered
the room. ˜ The old cars were broken down for their metal and parts.
break in
1. ðàçíîñèòü (îáóâü); îáêàòàòü
(ìàøèíó); îáúåçæàòü (ëîøàäü) ˜
These new shoes are hurting me.
I’ll be glad when they are broken
in. ˜ It’s better to break in a new
car slowly by driving at moderate
speeds for the first 500 miles.
2. âëîìèòüñÿ, âîðâàòüñÿ, ïðîíèêíóòü ˜ The thieves broke in
through the back door. ˜ The
alarm went off as soon as they tried
to break into the house.
3. âñòðåâàòü â ðàçãîâîð, ïðåðûâàòü ê-ë ˜ At the meetings Ray always breaks in with some trivial matter and holds up the proceedings. ˜
“Tom,” Maggie broke in anxiously.
“Do we have to leave tomorrow?”
break off
ïîðâàòü, ðàçîðâàòü (îòíîøåíèÿ)
˜ Men seem to be more skilled at
breaking off relationships with
women. ˜ Mary broke off her engagement to Rob.
break out
1. âñïûõíóòü (íà÷àòüñÿ), ðàçðàçèòüñÿ (î âîéíå, ýïèäåìèè, ñêàíäàëå è ò.ä.) ˜ Fighting has broken out
again on the border. ˜Fire broke out
in the hospital last night. ˜This row
broke out on the eve of the Congress.
2. ñáåæàòü (èç çàêëþ÷åíèÿ) ˜
The police are looking for two men
who broke out of prison last night.
˜ He broke out of prison but was
soon apprehended.
break through
ñîâåðøèòü ïðîðûâ, äîáèòüñÿ
óñïåõà ˜ Scientists think they
have broken through in their attempt to find the causes of many
major diseases. ˜ Dr Salk failed
many times but he finally broke
through to find a successful polio
vaccine.
break up
(inf)
1. ëîìàòü, ðàçðóøàòü ˜ Divorce
breaks up a lot of families. ˜ Their
marriage is breaking up.
2. çàêðûòüñÿ íà êàíèêóëû (îá
ó÷åáíûõ çàâåäåíèÿõ) ˜ When do
we break up for the summer
holidays? ˜ We’re lucky, we break
up quite early.
3. çàêîí÷èòü(ñÿ), ïðåêðàòèòü(ñÿ)
˜ People started to leave at 11
179
break with
o’clock and the party finally
broke up at midnight. ˜ Some
men kept interrupting the speakers, and finally broke up the
meeting.
break with
ïîðâàòü ñ ê-ë ˜ He broke completely with his son when he found
out that he was taking drugs. ˜
When he became rich, he broke
with his former friends.
breeze in
âïîðõíóòü (ëåãêîé ïîõîäêîé) ˜
She just breezed in, as if nothing
had happened. ˜ She breezed in,
two hours late.
breeze out
âûïîðõíóòü ˜ She breezed out
of the bathroom, whistling loudly.
bring about
ïðè÷èíèòü; âûçâàòü, ïðèâåñòè ê
÷-ë ˜ The accident was brought
about by John’s carelessness. ˜
The heavy spring rains brought
about the flood. ˜ What brought
about the quarrel?
bring back
âåðíóòü, âîçâðàòèòü ˜ You can
borrow my car if you promise to
bring it back tomorrow. ˜ I brought
the book back to the library yesterday.
bring down
(inf)
1. ïðèâîäèòü â óíûíèå, ïîðòèòü
íàñòðîåíèå ˜ The funeral brought
me down completely. ˜ Whatever
he said seemed to bring Sally
down.
2. îñàäèòü, ïîñòàâèòü íà ìåñòî,
îäåðíóòü ˜John brought Ted down
very cleverly with his remarks.
3. ñâåðãíóòü, âûçâàòü êðàõ,
ñìåñòèòü ˜ A national strike would
bring the government down. ˜ At
the next vote, we must try to bring
down the government.
4. ñíèçèòü, ñîêðàòèòü, óìåíüøèòü
˜ Shopkeepers have been asked
to bring down their prices. ˜ The
government is trying to bring down
inflation.
bring forward
1. ïåðåíåñòè (íà áîëåå ðàííèé
ñðîê) ˜ Ask him to bring the meeting forward to eight o’clock. ˜ The
election will be brought forward to
June as so many people are on
holiday.
2. âûäâèíóòü (ïðåäëîæåíèå,
ïëàí) ˜ The Government had invited us to bring forward proposals
for the expansion of Stansted airport.
˜ A plan was brought forward to allow workers to share in the profits.
bring off
(inf)
ïðîâåðíóòü (óñïåøíî çàâåðøèòü);
ñïðàâèòüñÿ, óäàâàòüñÿ ˜ Jim’s plan
seemed hopeless but he brought it off.
˜ We managed to bring off a wonderful performance. ˜ The Ghost is the
hardest thing to bring off in “Hamlet”.
bring on
âûçâàòü, ïîâëå÷ü çà ñîáîé, ïðèâîäèòü ê ÷-ë ˜ I often get bad
headaches. I think it’s concentrated
reading over long periods that
brings them on. ˜ The journey had
already brought on a severe attack
of angina.
180
bug off/bugger off
bring out
âûïóñêàòü (î ïðîäóêöèè); ñòàâèòü (ïüåñó); èçäàâàòü (êíèãè)
˜ Most of the automobile companies
bring out new models of their cars
each year. ˜ The makers are bringing out a new kind of soap.
˜ He brought out a new play. ˜ Tom
has brought out another new book.
bring round/to
1. ïðèâåñòè â ÷óâñòâî/â ñåáÿ ˜
A passenger fainted but the stewardess brought him round. ˜ This
medicine will surely bring him to.
2. íàâåñòè íà ðàçãîâîð/òåìó
˜ She managed to bring him round
to the question of price. ˜ I gently
tried to bring the discussion round
to the subject of his divorce.
bring up
1. ïîñòàâèòü, ïîäíÿòü, çàòðîíóòü
(âîïðîñ, ïðîáëåìó) ˜ The question of higher membership fees was
brought up at the last meeting.˜ At
the class meeting Bob brought up
the idea of picnic.
2. âûðàñòèòü, âîñïèòàòü ˜ His
mother died when he was young,
and his grandmother brought him
up. ˜ Bringing up children is both
difficult and rewarding.
expect him to brush aside my idea
in such a rude way. ˜ His opinions
cannot be lightly brushed aside. ˜
Brushing aside all opposition, he put
the matter to a vote.
brush up (on)
îñâåæèòü â ïàìÿòè; îáíîâèòü
˜ He was in New York, brushing
up on his image as an expert in
foreign affairs. ˜ I’m brushing up
my knowledge of town history
before I speak at the club.
buck up
âñòðÿõíóòü(ñÿ), îæèâèòü(ñÿ),
ïðèîáîäðèòü(ñÿ) ˜ A good holiday will buck you up. ˜ Buck up,
your troubles will soon be over.
bucket down
ëèòü êàê èç âåäðà ˜ It really
started bucketing down this afternoon. ˜ The sky got very dark and
soon it began to bucket down.
buckle down
çàñó÷èòü ðóêàâà, ñåðüåçíî âçÿòüñÿ (çà äåëî) ˜ We buckled down
and got on with our work. ˜ It’s time
you buckled down to some work.
bristle with
(inf)
êèøåòü, ïåðåïîëíÿòü ˜ The
hotel was bristling with policemen
at every entrance. ˜ It was a
Saturday afternoon and the town
was bristling with people.
buckle under
ïîä÷èíèòüñÿ (ñêðåïÿ ñåðäöå,
ñæàâ çóáû) ˜ Women have
buckled under for centuries, and
only now are they beginning to demand
independence
and
recognition. ˜ We all had to buckle
under to the director’s orders.
brush aside
(inf)
îòìàõíóòüñÿ (îò ïðåäëîæåíèÿ),
îòìåñòè (âîçðàæåíèÿ) ˜ I didn’t
bug off/bugger off
(Am inf)
âûìåòàòüñÿ, óáèðàòüñÿ, âàëèòü
˜ Bug off before I call the police.
181
build up
˜ Oh, bugger off and leave me in
peace.
build up
(inf)
1. íàãíåòàòü (àòìîñôåðó); íàðàñòàòü, íàðàùèâàòü; óêðåïëÿòü ˜
There was nothing to cause alarm,
but the atmosphere was being
cleverly built up. ˜ The noise built
up until Mary couldn’t stand it any
longer. ˜ Being a cop means
building up trust with the people on
the streets.
2. pàñêðóòèòü (ñîçäàòü èìÿ);
ðàçäóòü (çíà÷èìîñòü, ïîïóëÿðíîñòü) ˜ He’s only an average performer, but the critics have built him
up to be a star of television. ˜ The
singer has been built up into a great
success.
bum about/around/round (inf)
áîëòàòüñÿ (áåç äåëà); áðîäÿæíè÷àòü, ïóòåøåñòâîâàòü (áåç öåëè è
äåíåã) ˜ I’ve been bumming around
for the last year without a job. ˜
I spent last summer bumming
around Europe with some friends.
˜ After graduating he decided to
bum about Europe for a year.
2. ïðîäâèãàòü (ïî ñëóæáå), ïðîïèõíóòü ˜ After five years, she
expected they would bump her up
to vice-president. ˜ They’ve
bumped Greg up to supervisor.
burn up
(inf)
1. ì÷àòüñÿ, íåñòèñü, ãíàòü (î
ìàøèíå) ˜ During our tour of
South America, we burnt up an
awful lot of road miles. ˜ This car
really burns up the road.
2. âûâîäèòü èç ñåáÿ, ðàçäðàæàòü, ñåðäèòü ˜ The boy’s laziness and rudeness burned up his
teacher. ˜ The breakdown of his
new car burned Mr Jones up.
burst out
ðàçðàçèòüñÿ (ñìåõîì); óäàðèòüñÿ
(â ñëåçû) ˜ Everybody was quiet when
John suddenly burst out laughing. ˜
Every time that she thought about him
she burst out crying.
bustle about/around
õëîïîòàòü, ñóåòèòüñÿ ˜ I remember my Grandmother always bustling
about in the kitchen. ˜ She was
bustling around preparing a snack.
bump into
íàòêíóòüñÿ, íàòîëêíóòüñÿ ˜ In
college it’s much more difficult to
figure out where you can accidentally bump into the girl you like. ˜
It’s easy to bump into furniture in
the dark.
butt in (on) smth
âëåçàòü, âìåøèâàòüñÿ (â ðàçãîâîð); ñîâàòü íîñ ˜ Pardon me for
butting in on your conversation, but
this is important. ˜ When someone else is talking, don’t butt in,
it’s rude.
bump up
(inf)
1. âçâèíòèòü (öåíû) ˜ Oil-producing nations decided to bump up
the price of oil. ˜ Our landlord has
just bumped the rent up by $50.
butt out
(Am inf)
âûìåòàòüñÿ (óõîäèòü ïðî÷ü) ˜
Butt out before I throw you out. ˜
This is between Ann and me, so
butt out.
182
carry on
butter smb up
ïîäëèçûâàòüñÿ, ïîäìàçûâàòüñÿ
ê ê-ë ˜ I’m buttering him up for a
pay rise. ˜ If you butter up Dad,
he’ll let you borrow the car.
match will have to be called off.
˜ When the ice became soft and
sloppy, we had to call off the iceskating party.
buy in
çàòîâàðèòüñÿ, êóïèòü âïðîê ˜We
bought in a few loaves of bread. ˜
We must make sure to buy in sugar
before the price rises again.
call smb down
(Am inf)
îò÷èòàòü, ïðîïåñî÷èòü, óñòðîèòü
âûâîëî÷êó/ðàçíîñ (îòðóãàòü) ˜ My
supervisor called me down for being
habitually late. ˜ The conductor
called her down for playing out of tune.
buy off/over
ïîäêóïèòü ê-ë ˜She was not able
to buy him over. ˜ His sister
threatened to tell the police, so he
had to buy her over.
call up
ïðèçûâàòü â àðìèþ ˜ In countries where there is conscription
men are called up at the age of 18.
˜ He was called up for active duty.
buy up
ñêóïèòü (âåñü òîâàð) ˜ Russia
is trying to buy up all the available
tin. ˜ Housewives, afraid of running short, have bought up all the
sugar in the shop.
carry away
çàõâàòèòü, óâëå÷ü ˜ The music
carried her away. ˜ She was carried away by the man’s charm.
buzz off
(inf)
ñâàëèòü, êàòèòüñÿ (óéòè) ˜ I wish
he’d buzz off and leave us alone.
˜ Buzz off, you children, I don’t
want you in my garden.
C
call by/in
çàáåæàòü, çàãëÿíóòü, çàñêî÷èòü (â
ãîñòè) ˜ Don’t go out. Jeff’s calling by
this evening. ˜ I’ll call in at the video
shop on the way to the post office. ˜
Please, call in any time you’re in town.
I’ll be glad to see you. ˜ When you
are next in town, do call by.
call off
îòìåíèòü ˜ If it rains the tennis
carry off
ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ, óäàâàòüñÿ ˜ It
was a daring attempt but he carried it off. ˜ It was a difficult
situation, but he managed to carry
it off gracefully.
carry on
(Am inf)
1. êðóòèòü ðîìàí ˜ She accused
her friend of carrying on with her
husband. ˜ The director and his
secretary have been carrying on.
2. âåñòè (ðàçãîâîð, äåëî) ˜ The
men were carrying on a conversation. ˜ The baker has carried on
business here for years.
3. âàëÿòü äóðàêà, äóðà÷èòüñÿ,
øóìíî âåñåëèòüñÿ ˜ The boys carried on in the swimming pool until the
lifeguard ordered them out. ˜ The
children have been carrying on all day.
183
carry out
carry out
âûïîëíèòü; ïðîâîäèòü(ñÿ); îñóùåñòâèòü ˜ The gunmen carried out
their threat and shot the man. ˜
Every possible test was carried out
to decide the nature of her illness.
cash in on smth
(inf)
íàãðåâàòü ðóêè, íàæèâàòüñÿ; âîñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ñëó÷àåì ˜ Cashing
in on other people’s inequality
seems unfair and dishonest. ˜ Mr
Brown cashed in on people’s great
interest in camping and sold three
hundred tents.
catch on
(inf)
1. óëîâèòü ñìûñë, äîéòè äî ê-ë,
ïîíÿòü ˜ They finally caught on to
our game. ˜ Since she doesn’t understand English well, she didn’t
catch on to any of the jokes we told.
2. ïðèâèòüñÿ, ðàñïðîñòðàíèòüñÿ,
ïðèîáðåñòè ïîïóëÿðíîñòü ˜In the
States, the idea of a lunch-break
work-out at a fitness club soon caught
on. ˜ Ballroom dancing caught on.
catch up on/with
íàâåðñòàòü, íàãíàòü ˜ It’s a 14hour flight, so it will give me a chance
to catch up with my reading. ˜ After
two months away from home, there’s
a lot of local news to catch up on.
catch up with smb
ñêàçûâàòüñÿ íà ê-ë, äàâàòü î ñåáå
çíàòü ˜ Charles looks continually
worn out. I think his hectic life-style
is beginning to catch up with him. ˜
Smoking will catch up with him.
cave in
(inf)
âûáðîñèòü áåëûé ôëàã, ñäàòüñÿ;
óñòóïèòü äàâëåíèþ ˜ The Transport Department has caved in to pressure from environmental groups and
abandoned plans for the new
motorway. ˜ The children begged
their father to take them to the circus
until he caved in. ˜ After the atomic
bomb, Japan caved in and the war
ceased.
chance upon/on
íàòêíóòüñÿ (ñëó÷àéíî óâèäåòü,
íàéòè) ˜ Walking up a side street, I
chanced upon this interesting antique
shop. ˜ Andrew chanced on his karate teacher in the health-food store.
chase up
ðàçûñêàòü ˜ You’d better chase
those addresses up tomorrow. ˜
Someone else is in charge of chasing up the missing books.
chat up
(inf)
ïðèñòàâàòü, êëåèòüñÿ ê ê-ë (ïûòàòüñÿ ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ) ˜ When
I arrived at the disco, Julia was being
chatted up by a man of at least forty.
˜ The last I saw of her she was
being chatted up by this bloke.
cheer up
ïðèîáîäðèòü(ñÿ), ïîäáîäðèòü,
ïîäíÿòü äóõ/íàñòðîåíèå ˜ Mary
was depressed, so I took her to see
a comic film and she soon cheered
up. ˜ Her friend tried to cheer her up,
telling her she wasn’t missing much.
chew out
(Am inf)
îò÷èòàòü, óñòðîèòü ðàçíîñ/ãîëîâîìîéêó, ñíÿòü ñòðóæêó ˜ The
director chewed Jim out for being
late again. ˜ Dad will chew you
184
clear up
out for taking the car without permission.
chew over
âçâåñèòü âñå «çà» è «ïðîòèâ»
˜ I’ll need some time to chew the
matter over before I can give you
an answer. ˜ In discussion we
chew over problems and work out
possible solutions.
chicken out
ïîéòè íà ïîïÿòíûé, ñòðóñèòü;
âûéòè èç èãðû ˜ He didn’t want to
look as if he was chickening out.
˜ In the end I chickened out and
took the easier route down the
mountains.
chill out
(Am inf)
îòòÿíóòüñÿ, ðàññëàáèòüñÿ ˜ After
a hard day at the office Jennifer liked
nothing better than to chill out at
home in front of the TV. ˜ Don’t let
it bother you – just chill out.
chime in
ïîääàêíóòü, ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ˜ Bob
chimed in to challenge my views on
marriage. ˜ When Mary agreed,
her sister chimed in that she’d join
her. ˜ “I agree 100%,” Martin
chimed in.
chip in on smth
(Am)
ñáðîñèòüñÿ, ñêèíóòüñÿ (î äåíüãàõ) ˜ Could you chip in a dollar on
the gift, please? ˜ Would you care
to chip in on a gift for the teacher?
clam up
çàìêíóòüñÿ, óéòè â ñåáÿ ˜ We
had a row, and I clammed up and
said nothing for a complete half
hour. ˜ Whenever she asks her
teenager about his activities, he
clams up.
clamp down (on)
(inf)
ïðåñå÷ü, ïîëîæèòü êîíåö ˜ The
company was clamping down on expenses like business lunches.
˜ The school clamped down on
smoking.
clean out
(inf)
1. îñòàâèòü áåç êîïåéêè/áåç
ãðîøà ˜ If I have to buy a new
car, it will clean me out completely.
˜ I’m cleaned out after last night’s
heavy spending.
2. îá÷èñòèòü (îãðàáèòü) ˜ I’ve got
no more money – they cleaned me
out. ˜ The thieves cleaned out the
store. ˜ Thomas thought idly of
cleaning out the cash register.
3. ðàçîáðàòü (âûêèíóòü ëèøíåå)
˜ I want you to clean out that closet
so that we can store these things
here. ˜ It’s time you cleaned out
the drawers of your desk.
clean up
ñîðâàòü êóø ˜ We had fantastic
luck at the races and really cleaned
up. ˜ The brothers cleaned up a
profit in the property market.
clear out
(inf)
ñáåæàòü îò ê-ë, ñìàòûâàòüñÿ,
ñìûâàòüñÿ ˜ Monica cleared out with
the kids. She was fed up with Clive’s
violence. ˜ I woke one night around
midnight and decided to clear out.
clear up
ðàçãóëÿòüñÿ (î ïîãîäå) ˜ I’m
going back till this weather clears
185
click with
up. ˜ After the storm, it cleared
up very quickly.
˜ Jim’s working in the North Sea oil
business, and he’s coining it in.
click with
(inf)
1. äîéòè äî ê-ë (ïîíÿòü, ñîîáðàçèòü, îñîçíàòü) ˜ Her jokes
clicked with us and we all laughed.
2. íàéòè îòêëèê ˜ That film has
really clicked with the young people
– they’re all going to see it.
come about
âîçíèêíóòü, ïðîèçîéòè, ñëó÷èòüñÿ ˜ The company director admitted
that he had no idea how the mistake
came about. ˜ The discovery came
about while scientists were working
on a different project.
club together
ñáðîñèòüñÿ, ñêèíóòüñÿ (î äåíüãàõ)
˜ We all clubbed together to buy her
a present when she retired. ˜ The
family clubbed together to buy the car.
come across
1. íàòêíóòüñÿ ˜ I came across
several interesting facts about
Mexico in that book. ˜ I came
across my Grandfather’s picture as
I rummaged through an old trunk
in the attic.
2. äîíåñòè ñìûñë/èäåþ (áûòü
ïîíÿòíûì) ˜ Her speech was carefully prepared, but it didn’t come
across very well. ˜ Do you think
this idea came across in the play?
3. ïðîèçâîäèòü/ñîçäàâàòü âïå÷àòëåíèå ˜ He wasn’t coming across
as the idiot I had expected him to be.
˜ During the interview she came
across as efficient and decisive.
clue in (on)
(inf)
ââåñòè â êóðñ äåëà; ïðîñâåòèòü
(ïîñòàâèòü â èçâåñòíîñòü) ˜ Could
you clue me in on what happened
at our last Board meeting? ˜ It’s
time somebody clued us in on
what’s happening.
cluster around
ñãðóäèòüñÿ/ñáèòüñÿ âîêðó㠘 He
watched the happy parents cluster
around their darling sons. ˜ The
children clustered around the
teacher to hear the story.
cock smth up
(sl very inf)
çàïîðîòü (èñïîðòèòü) ˜ Don’t ask
Jim to organize anything! He’s had
no experience and he’ll cock it all
up for you ˜ We don’t want to cock
the whole thing up.
coin it in
(inf)
çàãðåáàòü, çàøèáàòü, çàðàáàòûâàòü (áåøåíûå äåíüãè) ˜ Sheila
has really been coining it in since
she opened up her newspaper stand.
come around/round
(inf)
èçìåíèòü ìíåíèå èëè óáåæäåíèå;
ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ñ ÷óæîé òî÷êîé
çðåíèÿ ˜ Tom came round when
Dick told him the whole story. ˜
Don’t worry about the chairman, he’ll
soon come around to our opinion.
come by
ïðèîáðåñòè, çàïîëó÷èòü ˜ How
did you come by that rare stamp?
˜ Good jobs were hard to come by.
186
come down to
ñâîäèòüñÿ ê ÷-ë ˜ The whole
come up
matter comes down to a power struggle between the trade union and the
directors. ˜ It all comes down to a
matter of who was first in line.
come down with
ñâàëèòüñÿ (çàáîëåòü) ˜ She
came down with pneumonia. ˜ The
whole family came down with the flu.
come from
ïðîèñõîäèòü, áûòü ðîäîì èç ˜
Where do you come from? – India.
˜ What country do you come from?
come in
1. âõîäèòü â ìîäó ˜ Pleated
skirts are coming in again this season. ˜ Swimming trunks for men
came in after World War I; before
that men used full swim suits.
2. èãðàòü ðîëü (ó÷àñòâîâàòü);
êàñàòüñÿ ê-ë ˜ The plan sounded
just fine, but where do I come in?
˜ This is where you come in. We
want you to help us rob the bank.
come off/on
come off it!
(inf)
ïåðåñòàòü (õâàñòàòü, ïðåóâåëè÷èâàòü, øóòèòü è ò.ä.), áðîñèòü
˜ Come off, Bruce! You caught five
fish, not fifty! ˜ Oh, come off it!
You’re no smarter than they are! ˜
Ask him to cook the meal. Come
on, he can hardly boil an egg! ˜
Oh, come on Teresa, you made the
same excuse last week!
come out
âûéòè íàðóæó, îáíàðóæèòüñÿ (î
ïðàâäå, ôàêòàõ), âûÿñíèòüñÿ,
îêàçàòüñÿ ˜ All the facts came
out after his death. ˜ It came out
that the more money you make the
less tax you are likely to pay.
come round
çàãëÿíóòü (â ãîñòè) ˜ Would you
like to come round tomorrow
evening? ˜ I could come round this
evening if you like.
come in for
íàâëåêàòü íà ñåáÿ; çàñëóæèâàòü
˜ The minister has come in for a
lot of criticism over his handling of
the affair. ˜ Our department came
in for particular praise in the report.
come to/round
ïðèéòè â ñåáÿ, î÷íóòüñÿ ˜He
came to when his friend threw a
bucket of water over him. ˜ She
fainted but quickly came to. ˜
That’s about all I remember, until
I came round in a lifeboat.
come off
1. âûãîðåòü (óäàâàòüñÿ) ˜ I’m
afraid that scheme of yours won’t
come off. It needs more capital than
you have available. ˜ I hope this
business comes off all right.
2. îòîðâàòüñÿ, îòâàëèòüñÿ ˜ He
tugged at the metal handle and it
came off in his hand. ˜ This button has come off my coat.
come up
1. ïîïàñòüñÿ, ïîäâåðíóòüñÿ (î
ðàáîòå) ˜ Mary’s been hoping to
find work through the Job Centre,
but nothing suitable has come up
yet. ˜ When I applied here, I didn’t
know this post in Oxford would come
up.
2. âñïëûòü, âîçíèêíóòü (î
âîïðîñå, èìåíè, äåëå) ˜ His
187
come up against
name came up at a buffet lunch.
˜ Egyptian art came up as a topic.
˜ This question never came up.
3. ñòðÿñòèñü, ñëó÷èòüñÿ, âîçíèêíóòü ˜ I’m sorry I couldn’t go with
you last night, but something came
up. ˜ You can phone Steve if a
problem comes up with your computer.
come up against
ñòîëêíóòüñÿ, âñòðåòèòüñÿ ˜ When
she started her career, she came up
against racism and prejudice. ˜ The
first time I did this I came up against
an unforeseen problem.
conk out
(inf)
1. âûðóáèòüñÿ, âûéòè èç ñòðîÿ
(î ìåõàíèçìå) ˜ One of the
plane’s engines conked out over
Lima. ˜ The washing machine has
finally conked out.
2. îòäàòü êîíöû (óìåðåòü) ˜The
caravan trail was littered with the
bones of camels that had conked
out. ˜ He’s paranoid about conking out and he’s only twenty!
cook up
(inf)
ñîñòðÿïàòü, íàïëåñòè, ïðèäóìàòü
˜ I had to cook up an excuse for
being late to work this morning. ˜
The boys cooked up an excuse to
explain their absence from school.
cool off
îñòûòü (î ÷óâñòâàõ, ýíòóçèàçìå);
óñïîêîèòüñÿ, ïðèéòè â ñåáÿ ˜ Is
Bob still in love with Jane? – No,
he’s cooled off a lot. ˜ He seems
to have cooled off on the negotiation idea. ˜ Jeff’s furious. Just give
him a few minutes to cool off.
cotton on (to)
(Am inf)
óëîâèòü (ñìûñë), äîéòè (ïîíÿòü)
˜ She didn’t really cotton on to what
I was saying. ˜ At long last he
has cottoned on to the fact that I’m
not interested in him!
cotton to
ëüíóòü; ëàäèòü; ïîíðàâèòüñÿ ˜
The children cottoned to each other as
soon as they met. ˜ His dog doesn’t
cotton to strangers. ˜ The chairman
didn’t cotton to your suggestion; you’d
better try your idea elsewhere.
cough up
(sl)
îòñòåãíóòü, ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ (íåîõîòíî âûëîæèòü äåíüãè) ˜ It’s your
turn to buy the drinks – come on,
cough up! ˜ Her husband coughed
up the money for the party with a good
deal of grumbling.
count against smb
îòðàçèòüñÿ íà ê-ë, îòðèöàòåëüíî
ñêàçàòüñÿ, áûòü ìèíóñîì/íå â
ïîëüçó ˜ His lack of practice
counted against him in the tennis
tournament. ˜ I hope it won’t count
against me.
count in
âêëþ÷àòü (â ñïèñîê); ïðèñîåäèíÿòüñÿ ˜ Shall we count you in on
the plan? ˜ When the city declares
its population numbers, does it
count in farmers in outer areas?
count on smb/smth
ïîëàãàòüñÿ, ðàññ÷èòûâàòü íà ê-ë/
÷-ë ˜ We’re counting on completing the research by Christmas. ˜
You can always count on Kent to
be punctual.
188
cut in
cover (up) for
(Am inf)
1. çàìåíÿòü, çàìåùàòü ˜ Mary
was asked to cover for Joe while
he was on jury duty. ˜ Dr Johnson’s
partner agreed to cover for him
during his vacation.
2. ïîêðûâàòü, ïðèêðûâàòü ê-ë;
ñêðûâàòü ÷-ë, óòàèâàòü, çàìàë÷èâàòü ˜ I covered up for my
friend when her mother called to
find out where she was. ˜ He
alleged that the President knew
about Watergate and tried to
cover it up.
crop up
(inf)
ñòðÿñòèñü, ñëó÷èòüñÿ; ïîÿâèòüñÿ, âîçíèêíóòü ˜ I can come now,
unless any other problems crop up.
˜ Serious trouble cropped up just
when Martin thought the problem of
his college education was solved.
cozy up
(Am inf)
ïîäëèçûâàòüñÿ ˜ I saw you
cozying up to the new student, is
he friendly? ˜ John is cozying up
to Henry so he can join the club.
cry (out) for
îñòðî íóæäàòüñÿ, òðåáîâàòü(ñÿ)
˜ It has not rained for two weeks
and the garden is crying for it. ˜
The school is crying out for good
teachers.
crack up
(inf)
1. íàäîðâàòüñÿ; ñëîìàòüñÿ;
òðîíóòüñÿ (óìîì) ˜ Peter cracked
up and was unable to work for a
year. ˜ He had kept too busy for
years, and when failures came, he
cracked up.
2. ëîïàòüñÿ îò ñìåõà, æèâîòèêè
íàäîðâàòü ˜ Mary cracked up
when Jim walked in wearing his
funny clothes. ˜ When I told her
about everything that had happened, she just cracked up.
3. ðàñïèñûâàòü (ïðåóâåëè÷èâàòü
äîñòîèíñòâà) ˜ His abilities are not
what they were cracked up to be.
˜ In bad weather, a sailing cruise
isn’t what it’s cracked up to be.
crawl with
êèøìÿ êèøåòü; íàâîäíèòü ˜ The
city center is crawling with armed
police.
cross up
(Am inf)
íàäóòü; ïðåäàòü, çàëîæèòü, ïîäñòàâèòü ˜ Jack crossed up his buddies and told the police they had broken in. ˜ You really crossed me up
when you told Tom what I had said.
cue in (on)
(Am inf)
ïðîñâåòèòü, ïîñâÿòèòü âî ÷-ë ˜
Let’s not forget to cue in Joe on what
has been happening. ˜ She said she’d
cue us in on their summer plans.
curl smb up
(Am sl)
ïðèêîí÷èòü, óáèòü ˜ The sheriff
said he’d curl up that outlaw.
cut down (on)
óðåçàòü (îãðàíè÷èòü, ñîêðàòèòü)
˜ Jim has cut down his daily calorie intake by half. ˜ The doctor
advised Father to cut down on
smoking.
cut in
ïåðåáèòü, âìåøàòüñÿ, ïðåðâàòü,
âñòðÿòü ˜ We were talking quietly
when she cut in. ˜ I was enjoying
the dance until that rude man cut in.
189
cut off
cut off
îòêëþ÷èòü, ïåðåêðûòü (ñâÿçü,
ãàç è ò.ä.) ˜ The Company has
cut off our electricity supply because we haven’t paid our bill. ˜
Their phone was cut off when they
didn’t pay the bill.
cut out
áðîñèòü (äåëàòü ÷-ë), ïðåêðàòèòü;
îòêàçàòüñÿ îò ÷-ë ˜ I wish I could
cut out smoking. ˜ I wish she would
cut out that stupid behaviour. ˜ The
doctor told my husband to cut out
meat from his food.
cut up
(inf)
1. ðàçíåñòè â ïóõ è ïðàõ (ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü) ˜ Her performance was
badly cut up in the next day’s
newspapers. ˜ I don’t trust a person
who flatters people to their faces but
cuts them up behind their backs.
2. áåñèòüñÿ, äóðà÷èòüñÿ; ïàÿñíè÷àòü ˜ At the party Jim and Ron
were cutting up and broke a chair.
˜ On the last night of camp the
children usually cut up. ˜ John
would always cut up if there were
any girls watching.
D
dash off
(inf)
1. íàñòðî÷èòü, íàêðîïàòü,
÷åðêíóòü ˜ I’ll just dash off a few
letters before lunch. ˜ She
bombarded the market with letters
dashing off several each week.
2. îïðîìåòüþ áðîñèòüñÿ; ïîñïåøèòü ïðî÷ü ˜ He dashed off as
though he was being chased. ˜
Excuse me, please, if I dash off
now, I have a class in 5 minutes.
dawn on/upon smb
îñåíèòü (ïîíÿòü), äîéòè äî ê-ë
˜ Richard couldn’t find his bicycle,
and after he had looked everywhere
for it, it dawned on him that it had
been stolen. ˜ Around noon it
dawned upon me that I had never
eaten breakfast.
deal with smb
(inf)
ðàçîáðàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë; íàêàçàòü ˜
Richard has caused us enough
trouble. Just leave him to me – I’ll
deal with him. ˜ All those who opposed us have now been dealt with.
die away/down
çàìèðàòü, çàòèõàòü âäàëè,
ñòèõíóòü (î çâóêå, âåòðå) ˜ They
waited till the sound of the guard’s
footsteps died away. ˜ She waited
for the laughter to die down before
continuing. ˜ The wind died down
at last and all was quiet.
die for/be dying for smth/to do
smth
ãîðåòü æåëàíèåì, ñãîðàòü îò
íåòåðïåíèÿ ˜ I’m dying for a drink.
˜ They were all dying to go to Paris.
die out
ïåðåâåñòèñü, âûâåñòèñü, âûìåðåòü, èñ÷åçíóòü ˜ The brontosaurus died out millions of years
ago. ˜ Traditional grocers’ shops
are fast dying out.
dig down
(Am inf)
ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ, ïëàòèòü èç ñîáñòâåííîãî êàðìàíà ˜ Come on, you
can afford to give us something, just
dig down a little. ˜ We’ve got to dig
down deep to make the next payment.
190
dote on
dig in/into
(inf)
íàâàëèòüñÿ (íà åäó, ðàáîòó);
íàáðîñèòüñÿ ˜ John dug in and
finished his homework very quickly.
˜ When the bell rang, the kids all
dug into their lunches. ˜ If we all
dig in it’ll be done before dark.
dig up
(inf)
âûòàùèòü íà ñâåò, îòêîïàòü,
ðàñêîïàòü ˜ Where did you dig up
that old gas mask? ˜ We dug up a
lot of information about the town from
the newspaper articles.
dip into
çàëåçòü (â ñáåðåæåíèÿ) ˜ He will
be compelled to dip into capital to
maintain his standard of living. ˜
I’ll have to dip into my savings.
dish out
dish it out
(inf)
ëåçòü (ñ ñîâåòàìè) ; âûãîâàðèâàòü
(ðóãàòü) ˜ Aunt Mabel likes to dish
out advice to young people, whether
they want it or not. ˜ Jim likes to
dish it out, but he hates to take it.
do away with
óïðàçäíèòü, îòìåíèòü, ïîêîí÷èòü ñ ÷-ë ˜ The headmaster thinks
school uniform should be done away
with. ˜ You cannot do away with
violence by using violence.
do for
(inf)
1. ïîéòè íà ÷-ë, ïðèãîäèòüñÿ ˜
Don’t throw that old shirt away. I’ll
cut it up and it will do for cleaning
rags. ˜ A bicycle will do for getting around until we can afford a car.
2. ïðèñìàòðèâàòü, çàáîòèòüñÿ;
âåñòè õîçÿéñòâî ˜ They decided
to hire a housekeeper to do for
grandmother. ˜ Agnes did for us
for thirteen years before retiring.
3. çàãóáèòü, èñïîðòèòü; ïðèøèòü,
ïðèêîí÷èòü ˜ I’m afraid these
gloves are not worth repairing, they’re
done for. ˜ He swore he’d do for
the cop when he got out of jail.
do in
(very inf)
1. ïðèøèòü, çàìî÷èòü, óêîêîøèòü
(óáèòü) ˜ They had decided to do
their victim in. Be careful! ˜ The
poor man was done in by two gangsters who ran away after the crime.
2. èçìîòàòü(ñÿ), èçìó÷èòü(ñÿ) ˜
Running errands all day did me in.
˜ The boys were done in after their
long hike.
3. íàäóòü, îáìàíóòü, ïðîâåñòè
˜ Mr Jones was done in by two men
who claimed to be collecting money
for orphans and widows. ˜ His socalled friends really did him in.
do with
(inf)
íå ïîìåøàëî áû; íå ïîâðåäèëî áû
(äîâîëüñòâîâàòüñÿ, îãðàíè÷èâàòüñÿ
÷-ë) ˜ I’m hot and tired. I could do
with a nice cool drink. ˜ I think we
could all do with a good night’s sleep.
do without
îáîéòèñü áåç ÷-ë ˜ In his business he can’t do without a car. ˜ If
you don’t have cigarettes, you must
simply do without. ˜ I could do without your sarcastic comments.
dote on
äóøè íå ÷àÿòü ˜ This guy she’s
just married, he dotes on her. ˜
This foolish woman dotes on the
young artist.
191
double up
double up
1. ïîêàòûâàòüñÿ (ñî ñìåõó),
æèâîòèêè íàäîðâàòü ˜ His companion doubled up with laughter,
holding his stomach. ˜ The play was
so funny, we doubled up in our seats.
2. êîð÷èòüñÿ/ñîãíóòüñÿ îò áîëè
˜ Jim was hit by the baseball and
doubled up with pain. ˜ We found
Grandfather in his chair, doubled up
with pain.
doze off
êëåâàòü íîñîì, êåìàðèòü (âçäðåìíóòü, çàäðåìàòü) ˜ I leant back
against the sunny wall and dozed
off. ˜ Did the Minister notice that I
dozed off in the middle of his
speech?
drag on/out
çàòÿãèâàòüñÿ, òÿíóòüñÿ (äî
áåñêîíå÷íîñòè) , ðàñòÿãèâàòüñÿ (î
âðåìåíè) ˜ The weeks dragged
on, but no one ever came. ˜ The
meeting dragged on all morning. ˜
The debate dragged out for two
hours. ˜ The politician dragged his
speech out for over an hour.
drag up
âîðîøèòü (ïðîøëîå), âûòàñêèâàòü íà ñâåò (âñïîìèíàòü) ˜ Many
young Germans resent people continually dragging up their country’s
Nazi past. ˜ There was no need to
drag up the time he spent in prison.
draw out
1. âûóäèòü, âûòàùèòü, âûòÿíóòü
(èíôîðìàöèþ) ˜ Johnny wouldn’t
tell us what really happened at
school. We had to draw it out of him
slowly. ˜ I was able to draw the story
out of him by patient questioning.
2. ðàñòÿíóòü (âî âðåìåíè) ˜
Your speech is too short. Can’t you
draw it out a bit? ˜ This meal was
drawn out over four hours.
3. ðàñøåâåëèòü, ðàçãîâîðèòü ˜
Mary is very quiet, try to draw her
out at the party. ˜The teacher was
good at drawing out the children.
˜ Jimmy was bashful but Mrs
Wilson drew him out by asking
about baseball.
draw up
ïîäúåõàòü è îñòàíîâèòüñÿ; ïðèòîðìîçèòü ˜ I sat drinking my coffee when there was a screaming of
brakes and a lorry drew up sharply
at the kerb. ˜ A big black car drew
up in front of the house.
dredge up
îòêîïàòü, ðàñêîïàòü, âûêîïàòü;
äîêîïàòüñÿ (îá èíôîðìàöèè);
âûòàñêèâàòü íà ñâåò ˜ Please,
don’t dredge up the sad facts of his
past. ˜ Let’s not dredge up that
old quarrel!
dress down
îò÷èòàòü, îòðóãàòü ˜ The Foreign
Minister was dressed down in public. ˜ The director dressed Jim
down for being late again.
dress up
1. íàðÿäèòü(ñÿ), âûðÿäèòüñÿ;
ðàçîäåòüñÿ â ïóõ è ïðàõ ˜ Mary
was dressed up for the party. ˜
Billy hated being dressed up and
took off his best suit as soon as
he got home from church.
2. íàðÿäèòü (óêðàñèòü); îæèâèòü ˜
We shall dress the room up for Christ-
192
duck out
mas. ˜ A fresh coat of paint will dress
up the old bicycle very much.
drink in
óïèâàòüñÿ; æàäíî âïèòûâàòü â
ñåáÿ (âïå÷àòëåíèÿ, èíôîðìàöèþ)
˜ He stood still, drinking in the
beauty of the countryside. ˜ The
tourists stood on the beach drinking
in the wonderful Hawaiian sunset. ˜
The students sat round their teacher,
drinking in his words of wisdom.
drive/be driving at
íàìåêàòü, êëîíèòü ê ÷-ë ˜ I don’t
know what he was driving at, but it
sounded rude. ˜ David doesn’t
explain things very well, but I think
I know what he’s driving at.
drone on
áóáíèòü (ãîâîðèòü íåâíÿòíî) ˜ I
remember him droning on about how
important it was to study literature.
˜ The President droned on, not daring to look at the cameras.
drop by/in/over/round
çàñêî÷èòü ê ê-ë ˜ Do drop by when
you’re in the area. ˜ We’d love to
drop over but we haven’t time on this
trip.
drop off
(inf)
âûðóáèòüñÿ (óñíóòü) ˜ I had just
dropped off when the telephone rang.
˜ I was sitting in the armchair reading
the newspaper when I dropped off.
drop out (of)
áðîñèòü (øêîëó, âóç, ó÷åáó); âûáûòü (èç ãðóïïû, êîìàíäû, ñîðåâíîâàíèÿ) ˜ When Robert
announced he was dropping out of
college, his parents urged him to see
a counselor. ˜ Many students have
dropped out of our school on account
of the economic depression. ˜ One
of the runners has dropped out, so
you’ll be able to compete after all.
drop smb/smth off
1. âûñàäèòü (èç òðàíñïîðòà) ˜
Ask the bus driver to drop you off
at the racecourse. ˜ Drop me off
at the corner, and I’ll walk from there.
2. çàáðîñèòü (çàâåçòè ïî äîðîãå,
îòäàòü) ˜ Would you drop this
dress off at the dry cleaner’s for
me? ˜ I can drop Daisy off on my
way home. ˜ Bill dropped off the
package at the office.
drum in/into
âáèâàòü â ãîëîâó, âäàëáëèâàòü
˜ Such expectations are drummed
into every growing child. ˜ The
speaker tried to drum in his point,
but the crowd were not listening.
drum smb out
(inf old-fash)
âûøèáèòü (âûãíàòü, èçãíàòü,
èñêëþ÷èòü) ˜ I shall have you
drummed out of this school in utter
disgrace! ˜ They drummed him
out of the club.
dry up
âûäîõíóòüñÿ, èññÿêíóòü, èñ÷åðïàòü ñåáÿ ˜ The new chairman
attempted an important speech, but
dried up immediately. ˜ After two
collections of short stories, his
ability to write fiction dried up.
duck out
óâèëüíóòü, óêëîíèòüñÿ ˜ Somehow or other Jack always manages
193
dummy up
to duck out of any hard work. ˜
It’s unlawful to try to duck out of
paying taxes.
dummy up
(Am)
íè ãó-ãó; ñëîâíî âîäû â ðîò íàáðàòü
(ìîë÷àòü) ˜ I dummied up, and I
believe the police approved of this.
dwell on
ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ, ðàçãëàãîëüñòâîâàòü ˜ His speech was too long.
He dwelt too much on the school’s
achievements. ˜ The teacher was
always dwelling on the boy’s failure.
E
egg on
(inf)
ïîäíà÷èâàòü, ïîäáèâàòü, ïîäñòðåêàòü ˜ Stop egging him on to
drink more! You can see he’s had
enough! ˜ Egged on by Jago,
Othello makes up his mind to kill
Desdemona.
F
face up to
ñìîòðåòü ïðàâäå â ãëàçà, òðåçâî
ñìîòðåòü íà âåùè ˜ She refuses to
face up to reality and still believes the
project will be a success. ˜ You’re
going to have to face up to the fact
that you’re not going to get that job.
ease off/up
1. ðàññëàáèòüñÿ; ñáàâèòü òåìï
˜ With success and prosperity, Mr
Smith was able to ease off.  Ease
up, we don’t need to go fast now.
2. óìåíüøèòü(ñÿ); îñëàáåâàòü ˜
Political tension eased off slowly
when the heads of the two nations
began talks. ˜ The wind’s eased up
so I think the storm is just about over.
fade away/out
çàìèðàòü (î çâóêå), çàòèõàòü
âäàëè ˜ The band moved on and
the music faded away. ˜ The sound
of the chopper had faded out.
eat into smth
1. ïðîáèòü áðåøü (â ñáåðåæåíèÿõ, çàïàñàõ); èçðàñõîäîâàòü
(âðåìÿ) ˜ The holiday in Canada
will eat into our savings. ˜ Jet lag
can eat into precious holiday time.
2. ðàçúåäàòü ˜ Acids eat into
metals. ˜ Iron pans are not suitable as vinegar eats into them.
fall about
(inf)
ïîêàòûâàòüñÿ ñî ñìåõó, õîõîòàòü
˜ I told Mike about Sue’s car breaking down again and he fell about at
the news. ˜ When we complained,
they fell about laughing.
eat up
æðàòü (ìíîãî ðàñõîäîâàòü,
ïîòðåáëÿòü) ˜ Bob’s new sports
car just eats up petrol. ˜ This new
heating system eats up electricity.
fag smb out
(inf sl)
èçìàòûâàòü, èçíóðÿòü, óòîìëÿòü ˜
That last game really fagged me out!
˜ I’m fagged out, let me rest a minute!
fall away
îòâåðíóòüñÿ, îòîéòè, îòïàñòü ˜
After the divorce, her friends slowly
fell away. ˜ Some of our formerly
loyal members have fallen away.
194
fall back on
1. ïðèáåãíóòü (ê äîâîäàì, àðãó-
fall to
ìåíòàì) ˜ He fell back on the old
argument that if you educate women
they won’t be such good wives and
mothers.
2. îïèðàòüñÿ íà ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ When
his wife died, at the age of 32, he
fell back on friends and family for
support. ˜ Peter knew that even if
his business venture in Tokyo was
not successful he could always fall
back on his English teaching skills.
fall down on
(inf)
ïðîâàëèòüñÿ, íå ñïðàâèòüñÿ ˜
It was disappointing to see him fall
down on the job. ˜ Jane did quite
well in her piano examination, but
fell down on music history.
fall for
(inf)
1. êëþíóòü íà óäî÷êó, ïîïàñòüñÿ
íà êðþ÷îê (ïîâåðèòü) ˜ It was a
stupid trick and I fell for it. ˜ Falling
for his hard-luck story just proves
how gullible you are. ˜ Don’t fall
for empty promises.
2. óâëå÷üñÿ, âëþáèòüñÿ ˜ I was
sure he’d fall for her. ˜ Dick fell
for baseball when he was a little
boy. ˜ Helen was a very pretty girl
and people were not surprised that
Bill fell for her.
fall in with
(inf)
1. ñîéòèñü (ñëó÷àéíî ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ è ïîäðóæèòüñÿ) ˜ On
the cruise we fell in with a couple
from Boston. ˜ He had the luck to
fall in with the American humorist,
Tom Lehrer.
2. ïîääåðæèâàòü, ïðèíèìàòü,
ñîãëàøàòüñÿ, ïðèñîåäèíÿòüñÿ (ê
ìíåíèþ), ðàçäåëÿòü (âçãëÿäû) ˜
The whole committee at once fell
in with the chairman’s suggestion.
˜ I’m glad to see that you all fall in
with me on this question.
fall off
1. óïàñòü, ñâàëèòüñÿ; îòîðâàòüñÿ,
îòâàëèòüñÿ ˜ Henry fell off his bicycle. ˜ My top button has fallen off.
2. ïàäàòü, ñíèæàòüñÿ, óìåíüøàòüñÿ (î öåíàõ, ïîñåùàåìîñòè
è ò.ä.) ˜ If the price of seats goes
up much more, theatre attendance
will begin to fall off. ˜ Economic
growth will fall off only slightly.
fall out with
(inf)
ïîññîðèòüñÿ, ïîâçäîðèòü ˜ They
fell out with each other over what
type of car to buy. ˜ When did you
last fall out with your husband?
fall over/be falling over oneself
(inf)
ðàçáèòüñÿ â ëåïåøêó, ëåçòü èç
êîæè âîí; äåëàòü íàïåðåáîé ˜
Governments were falling over each
other to win these valuable
contracts. ˜ The idiots were all
falling over themselves to buy his
second-hand cars.
fall through
(inf)
ïðîâàëèòüñÿ (î ïëàíàõ) ˜ Our
plans for a big picnic fell through.
˜ My plans to go to Greece fell
through because the journey turned
out to be much more expensive
than I had expected.
fall to
íàâàëèòüñÿ, íàáðîñèòüñÿ (íà
åäó, ðàáîòó, ïðîòèâíèêà);
íà÷èíàòü ˜ Find a spade and fall
to, there’s a lot of the garden to be
195
fawn on smb
dug. ˜ The hungry boys fell to before everyone sat down. ˜ They
took out their swords and fell to.
fawn on smb
ïîäëèçûâàòüñÿ, âûñëóæèâàòüñÿ
˜ He fawns on his rich uncle, hoping to gain some of his money. ˜
It’s no good fawning on the teacher,
you have to earn good marks.
feel up to smth
áûòü â ñîñòîÿíèè/ñèëàõ (äåëàòü
÷-ë); ïî ñèëàì ˜ After three weeks
in hospital, I don’t feel up to decorating the house. ˜ Do you feel up
to a three-mile run?
ferret out
(inf)
âûóäèòü, ðàçóçíàòü, äîêîïàòüñÿ
äî ÷-ë ˜ Sandy was a superb reporter, tireless in ferreting out whatever
facts were needed for her story. ˜
Ferreting out the details of his colleagues’ private lives was his hobby.
fiddle around
îêîëà÷èâàòüñÿ, áîëòàòüñÿ áåç
äåëà ˜ Some of the lads had been
fiddling around when they should have
been working. ˜ He should stop fiddling around and go out and get a job.
fight off
îòáèòüñÿ (îò íàçîéëèâîãî âíèìàíèÿ) ˜ The film star had a
difficult job to fight off reporters as
she was getting into the car. ˜ She
was always having to fight off men
who wanted to marry her.
figure on
ðàññ÷èòûâàòü íà ÷-ë ˜ We did not
figure on having so many people at the
picnic. ˜ My daughter can figure on
my help for paying her college tuition.
fill in (for)
çàìåùàòü (ðàáîòàòü çà ê-ë) ˜
The teacher was sick and Miss
Jones filled in for her. ˜ The Maths
teacher is ill, so I’m filling in for a
few weeks until she comes back.
fill smb in
ââåñòè â êóðñ äåëà, ïðîñâåòèòü
(ïðîèíôîðìèðîâàòü) ˜ The new
boy didn’t know the rules so Bob
filled him in. ˜ Not having been to
the conversation, my associate
asked me to fill him in.
finish with smb
ïîðâàòü (îòíîøåíèÿ) ˜ The
butcher’s overcharged me three
times, so now I’ve finished with him.
˜ I’m glad that Alice has finished
with that worthless young man.
fink on smb
(Am sl)
ñòó÷àòü, äîíåñòè (ñîîáùèòü) ˜
How did the police know? –
Someone must have finked on him.
fish for
1. íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ (íà êîìïëèìåíò,
ïðèãëàøåíèå), íàáèâàòüñÿ ˜ I was
never invited, and I never fished for
an invitation. ˜ I think he was just
fishing for compliments.
2. âûóæèâàòü (ïûòàòüñÿ ïîëó÷èòü èíôîðìàöèþ) ˜ I think he
must be a policeman, he keeps
fishing for information. ˜ The
lawyer was fishing for evidence.
196
fish out
âûóäèòü, âûëîâèòü, âûòàùèòü ˜
fold up
The ball’s fallen into the pond, can
you fish it out? ˜ The police fished
a body out of the river this morning.
fit in
ïîìåñòèòüñÿ, âëåçòü, âñòàòü ˜
The shelf is too small. The big
books won’t fit in. ˜ I don’t think
this is the box that this toy came
in, it won’t fit in.
fit in with
ïîäõîäèòü, ãàðìîíèðîâàòü, ñî÷åòàòüñÿ ˜ That modern picture doesn’t
fit in with the antique furniture. ˜
His ideas didn’t quite fit in with our
aims. ˜ New members must fit in
with the rest of the committee.
fix smb up with smb (Am inf)
ñâîäèòü ê-ë ñ ê-ë (óñòðàèâàòü
ñâèäàíèå) ˜ They fixed up John
with my cousin Jane. ˜ Say Joe,
can you possibly fix me up with
someone this weekend? I’m so
terribly lonesome!
fix up
1. óëàäèòü (ñïîð, ðàçíîãëàñèÿ)
˜ You’d think they could fix up these
small difficulties.
2. ÷èíèòü, ðåìîíòèðîâàòü ˜
They are busy fixing up their house.
˜ He was fixing up the flat, ready
to move in.
flake out
(inf)
ðóõíóòü, îòðóáèòüñÿ, âûðóáèòüñÿ, îòêëþ÷èòüñÿ (óñíóòü â
èçíåìîæåíèè) ˜ When I got to the
hotel room, I just flaked out on the
bed. ˜ Tired out by their journey,
the travellers flaked out as soon as
they reached their hotel room.
flip out
(Am sl)
1. ñïÿòèòü, êðûøà ïîåõàëà ˜ It’s
impossible to talk to Joe today –
he must have flipped out.
2. âçîðâàòüñÿ, âûéòè èç ñåáÿ ˜
He flipped out in a court, yelling
and screaming about his rights.
3. ïðûãàòü äî ïîòîëêà (ðàäîâàòüñÿ) ˜ The kids really flipped
out the first time they saw the new
computer.
flop down
øëåïíóòüñÿ, ïëþõíóòü(ñÿ), ðóõíóòü ˜ Jimmy flopped down in the
chair. ˜ The postman flopped his
heavy bag down for a short rest.
flunk out
(Am sl)
1. âûëåòåòü (áûòü èñêëþ÷åííûì
èç ó÷åáíîãî çàâåäåíèÿ) ˜ He
flunked out of Harvard just after
one year. ˜ Fred flunked out of
college during his junior year.
2. ïðîâàëèòüñÿ, çàñûïàòüñÿ (íå
ñïðàâèòüñÿ); çàâàëèòü (ïðåäìåò)
˜The camera ran out of film so we
flunked out as photographers. ˜
Bill is about to flunk out Geometry.
fob off
(inf)
âñó÷èòü, ñáàãðèòü, âòþõàòü
(íàâÿçàòü îáìàíîì) ˜ He fobbed
defective goods off on his
customers. ˜ My sister fobs off
her unwanted clothes on me.
fold up
1. ñâîðà÷èâàòü, çàêðûâàòü (äåëî,
áèçíåñ) ˜ They had no choice but
to fold up their offshore operations.
˜ She had known too many businessmen fold up through bad management.
2. ñëîìàòüñÿ (ìîðàëüíî) ˜
197
fool around
When he told her about the dog’s
death, she folded up. ˜ When his
wife left him, he simply folded up.
fool around
(inf)
1. áîëòàòüñÿ, ñëîíÿòüñÿ áåç äåëà, âàëÿòü äóðàêà, áåçäåëüíè÷àòü ˜ Stop fooling around, we
have serious work to do. ˜ If you
go to college, you must work, not
fool around.
2. êðóòèòü ðîìàí, óõàæèâàòü ˜
Don’t fool around with another
man’s wife. ˜ I’ll bet you were fooling around with Miss Roach.
fork out/over/up
(inf)
ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ, âûëîæèòü äåíåæêè ˜ We’ve done the work but
the customer won’t fork out. ˜ He
had to fork over $50 to have the
car repaired. ˜ His old man’s forked
up at last.
fritter away
òðàíæèðèòü, òðàòèòü âïóñòóþ
(âðåìÿ, äåíüãè) ˜ It’s easy to fritter away a fortune if you’re not careful. ˜ You’ve been frittering away the
whole afternoon instead of working.
frown on/upon
êîñî ñìîòðåòü, íå îäîáðÿòü ˜
Society frowns upon such behaviour. ˜ My Grandfather has always
frowned on spending money needlessly.
fudge on
(inf)
óâèëèâàòü (îò îòâåòà) ˜The owner
is fudging on the question of an increase in wages. ˜ The board of directors has been fudging on the question of pay increases for the workers.
G
gang up on/against
(inf)
îïîë÷èòüñÿ íà ê-ë ˜ They are
ganging up against you. ˜ It is not
fair for an entire group to gang up
on one person.
get above oneself
çàäèðàòü íîñ, âàæíè÷àòü ˜ She’s
got a bit above herself since she
went to live in London. ˜ She’s
been getting above herself since
she won the singing competition.
get along with
1. ëàäèòü, íàõîäèòü îáùèé ÿçûê
˜ The proprietor of that men’s store
gets along well with his employees.
˜ The two children are getting
along very well.
2. ïðîäâèãàòüñÿ, äåëàòü óñïåõè,
ïðåóñïåâàòü ˜ He is getting along
very well with his English. ˜ How is
Tom getting along with his new book?
get at smb
(inf)
ïèëèòü (ðóãàòü, êðèòèêîâàòü);
äîñòàâàòü (íàäîåäàòü) ˜ She’s
always getting at her husband for
not helping her with the housework.
˜ You are always getting at me.
get away
ñáåæàòü (÷àñòî ñ ìåñòà ïðåñòóïëåíèÿ); âûðâàòüñÿ (óåõàòü) ˜ We
always try to get away from the noise
and heat of the city for a month or two
each summer. ˜ The bank robbers
used a stolen car to get away.
198
get away with
(inf)
ñõîäèòü ñ ðóê ˜ He might have
get on to/onto
bribed her and got away with it. ˜
I’m not going to allow Anne to get
away with an offensive remark like
that.
get back at
(inf)
îòïëàòèòü, îòîìñòèòü ˜ John
played a joke on Henry, and next
day Henry got back at him. ˜ The
elephant waited many years to get
back at the man who fed him red
pepper.
get back to smb
îòçâîíèòü, âûéòè íà ñâÿçü, ñâÿçàòüñÿ ˜ I don’t have the information you need just now, so I’ll get back
to you later. ˜ I’ll take advice on
this matter and get back to you later.
get by
ñ òðóäîì óäàâàòüñÿ/ñïðàâèòüñÿ;
ïðîñêî÷èòü ˜ Yesterday I took the
test and hope I got by. ˜ He took
the bar exam and just barely got by.
get by (with)
ïåðåáèâàòüñÿ; âûæèâàòü ˜ I get
by with a little help from my friends.
˜ On such a small income it is impossible to get by.
get down to
âçÿòüñÿ, ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà ÷-ë ˜
Calculus isn’t difficult at all, once
you get down to it. ˜ It’s time you
got down to your studies or the other
students will leave you behind.
get in with smb
(inf)
çàâÿçàòü îòíîøåíèÿ (ê ñîáñòâåííîé âûãîäå); âòåðåòüñÿ â äîâåðèå
˜ She’s been trying to get in with
the social leaders of the town for
some time. ˜ It will be to your advantage to get well in with the leaders of the city council.
get off
(Am)
1. îòäåëàòüñÿ (îãðàíè÷èòüñÿ ÷-ë)
˜ Dick was lucky, he got off with
a warning and a small fine of $50.
˜ Alex crashed his car, but luckily he got off with only a few
scratches.
2. òðîãàòüñÿ â ïóòü, îòïðàâëÿòüñÿ
â ïîåçäêó ˜ We have to get off on
our journey tomorrow. ˜ We got off
at the crack of dawn.
3. îòïóñòèòü (øóòêó), óäà÷íî ïîøóòèòü ˜The governor got off several jokes at the beginning of his
speech. ˜ Carl always manages
to get off a good one before he gets
serious.
get off on smth
(sl)
òàùèòüñÿ (ïîëó÷àòü áîëüøîå
óäîâîëüñòâèå); íàñëàæäàòüñÿ ˜
He gets off on loud music, but
I don’t. ˜ I really get off on Russian
cuisine.
get on
ïðåóñïåâàòü, ïðîäâèãàòüñÿ,
äåëàòü óñïåõè ˜ He’s getting on
very well in his new job. ˜ How is
your work getting on? – It’s getting
on nicely, thank you.
get on to/onto smb
1. âûéòè íà ê-ë, äîáðàòüñÿ äî ê-ë
˜ The police have finally got on to
the man who was blackmailing the
politician. ˜ He tricked people for
years until the police got onto him.
2. ñâÿçàòüñÿ, íàëàäèòü êîíòàêò ˜
I complained to the shop about the
199
get on to smth
faulty washing machine and they said
they would get on to the manufacturers. ˜ I’ll get on to her right away.
get on to smth
ïåðåõîäèòü, ïðèñòóïèòü (ê ñïîðó,
âîïðîñó, òåìå) ˜ When are we
going to get on to something useful?
˜ That’s something we’ll get on to
in the future.
get on (with)
ëàäèòü, íàõîäèòü îáùèé ÿçûê
˜ It’s funny how they don’t get on,
Mark and Cyril. ˜ You seem to be
getting on well with the Chairman.
get out of
(inf)
îòâåðòåòüñÿ (èçáåæàòü ÷-ë);
îòëûíèâàòü, óâèëèâàòü ˜ I’ll try
and get out of my lesson tomorrow.
˜ He wished there were a way to
get out of the final exam. ˜ Fred
always gets out of doing the washing up by saying he’s busy in the
garden.
get (smth) over
1. îêëåìàòüñÿ, îïðàâèòüñÿ (ïîñëå
÷-ë òðóäíîãî èëè íåïðèÿòíîãî) ˜
I don’t think he will ever get over the
loss of his wife. ˜ I hope you soon
get over your trouble.
2. ðàçäåëàòüñÿ, çàêîí÷èòü ˜
When I finally got the proofreading
over, I was ready for a day off. ˜
I’m glad to get all that dental work
over with.
get smb down
äàâèòü íà ê-ë (ïîâåðãàòü â
äåïðåññèþ) ˜ This miserable
weather really gets me down. ˜ Don’t
let Mary’s troubles get you down.
get smth across to smb
äîíåñòè (ÿñíî èçëîæèòü) ˜
A good sðeaker can get his idea
across to his audience without
much effort. ˜ I can’t seem to get
my message across.
get round
îáëåòåòü (ðàñïðîñòðàíèòüñÿ) ˜
The rumour soon got round the
whole village. ˜ Stories have been
getting round concerning the
government’s secret intentions.
get round smb
óëîìàòü (óãîâîðèòü, óáåäèòü) ˜
Jenny’s trying to get round her father
to buy her a horse! ˜ I think I can
get round my father to lend us the car.
get round smth
âûéòè èç ïîëîæåíèÿ, íàéòè âûõîä, ðåøèòü ïðîáëåìó ˜ He
couldn’t pay his rent, but he got round
it by borrowing some money. ˜ We
could get round the lack of players
by removing the last piece of music
from the concert programme.
get round to
âçÿòüñÿ/ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà ÷-ë, ïðèñòóïàòü ˜ I haven’t got round to reading your essay yet, but I’ll look at it
this evening. ˜ The committee will
get round to your suggestion after
they’ve dealt with urgent business.
get smb off with smb
(inf)
ñâåñòè (ïîçíàêîìèòü ñ ëèöîì
ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîãî ïîëà) ˜ Mark’s
always on his own. Can’t his sister
get him off with one of her
girlfriends? ˜ Why don’t you stop
trying to get me off with your sister?
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give in
get smth off
âûâåñòè (óäàëèòü ïÿòíî/ãðÿçü)
˜ There’s a coffee stain on your
shirt. – I know. I couldn’t get it off.
˜ There’s a dirty mark on the wall
that I can’t get off.
get smth over to smb
äîíåñòè (ìûñëü, èäåþ) ˜ Professor Wright knows his subject,
but he’s not very good at getting
over his ideas to his students. ˜
How do I get it over to you?
get through
1. ñîåäèíèòüñÿ, äîçâîíèòüñÿ
(ïî òåëåôîíó) ˜ I am trying to call
London but I can’t get through. ˜
I tried to telephone you but I couldn’t
get through, the wires were down in
the snowstorm.
2. îäîëåòü, ñïðàâèòüñÿ ñ ÷-ë
(óñïåøíî çàêîí÷èòü) ˜ I got
through the book in one evening.
˜ Jimmy got through a big plate of
spaghetti and then asked for a
second helping!
get through with
ðàçäåëàòüñÿ, çàêîí÷èòü ˜ As
soon as I get through with this
washing, I’ll help you. ˜ I’ll telephone
you when I get through with this pile
of papers.
get to
(Am inf)
1. ïîäìàçàòü, äàòü âçÿòêó,
ïîäêóïèòü ˜ Policemen in this
country cannot be got to. ˜ The
prisoners escaped after getting to
the guards to leave the gate open.
2. çàïðîïàñòèòüñÿ, ïðîïàñòü,
çàäåâàòüñÿ ˜ Where did you get
to? I’ve been looking for you every-
where. ˜ I don’t know where my
ring has got to.
3. âçÿòüñÿ/ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà äåëî ˜
We must get to work at once. ˜
We got to reminiscing about college days.
4. äîñòàâàòü (äåéñòâîâàòü íà
íåðâû) ˜ This loud music really
gets to me. ˜ Mother’s crying always gets to him.
get up
1. íàðÿæàòüñÿ, îáëà÷àòüñÿ ˜
Several people were got up as frontiersmen. ˜ The children are got
up as ghosts.
2. âûó÷èòü, ðàçó÷èòü ˜ Bill is
getting up his maths formulas for the
test tomorrow. ˜ How quickly can
you get up this piece for the concert?
get up to
ó÷óäèòü, íàòâîðèòü ˜ Tim
brought a dead mouse home
yesterday. – Good grief! Whatever
will he get up to next? ˜ Whatever
will the students get up to next?
give away
1. âûäàòü (ñåêðåò, ÷óâñòâà,
ïðîèñõîæäåíèå è ò.ä.) ˜ He pretended to be English, but his faint
Greek accent gave him away.
2. çàëîæèòü ê-ë; ïðåäàòü, âûäàòü
˜ Nobody knows I’ve done this, so
please, don’t give me away!
give in
ñäàòüñÿ, ïîéòè íà óñòóïêè, óñòóïàòü (ïåðåñòàòü ñîïðîòèâëÿòüñÿ) ˜
They gave in to the strikers’ demands.
˜ We mustn’t give in to threats. ˜ At
first he wouldn’t let her drive the car
but eventually he gave in.
201
give off
give off
îòäàâàòü ÷-ë (ïàõíóòü); èñòî÷àòü (àðîìàò); âûäåëÿòü (òåïëî,
ýíåðãèþ) ˜ The milk must be
bad, it’s giving off a nasty smell.
˜ Some flowers give off their
richest fragrance at night. ˜
Certain chemical changes give off
energy.
give out
1. èñòîùèòüñÿ, èññÿêíóòü (î
òåðïåíèè, çàïàñå) ˜ His patience
gave out and he slapped the child
hard. ˜ The water supply at last
gave out.
2. èñïóñòèòü, èçäàòü (î çâóêå) ˜
He gave out a low moan. ˜ Suddenly she gave out a loud scream
and clutched at me.
3. âûéòè èç ñòðîÿ, ñëîìàòüñÿ;
îòêàçûâàòü ˜ The motor gave
out suddenly. ˜ Mother can’t walk
very far now, her legs quickly give
out.
give oneself over to
ïðåäàâàòüñÿ ÷-ë, îòäàâàòüñÿ
öåëèêîì ˜ I gave myself over to
dreams for a few minutes. ˜ He
gave himself over to grief.
give over
(inf)
êîí÷àòü, çàâÿçûâàòü ñ ÷-ë;
ïåðåñòàòü, ïðåêðàùàòü(ñÿ) ˜ It’s
time you gave over such childish
behaviour. ˜ If you don’t give over,
I’ll smack you. ˜ The rain is giving
over. Let’s start our journey.
give up
1. çàâÿçàòü (áðîñèòü ïðèâû÷êó),
ïðåêðàòèòü, ïåðåñòàòü ˜ I’ll never
be able to give up smoking. ˜
Sugar? – No, I gave it up long ago.
˜ They gave up the search.
2. ïðèçíàòü ïîðàæåíèå, ñäàòüñÿ ˜ The war will be over when
one of the countries gives up. ˜
I give up. What’s the right answer?
3. ïîñòàâèòü êðåñò íà ê-ë (íå âåðèòü â âûçäîðîâëåíèå) ˜ Johnny was
given up by the doctors after the
accident, but he lived just the same.
˜The doctors had given the patient up,
but he made a remarkable recovery.
go along with
ïîéòè íà ÷-ë, ïðèíÿòü, ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ˜ Suggest putting the child in
a private school. Maybe the parents
would see sense and go along with
it. ˜ We’ll go along with your
suggestion, although it’s not exactly
what we wanted.
go (a)round
õâàòèòü (íà âñåõ) ˜ So many
people came that there were not
enough sandwiches to go around.
˜ There should be enough soup to
go around the whole family.
go down (well/badly)
(íå)ïðèéòèñü ïî âêóñó ˜ My idea
didn’t go down very well. ˜ He gave a
humorous account, which went down
quite well, of how he had done it.
go down with
ñâàëèòüñÿ, ñëå÷ü, çàáîëåòü ˜
Most of my colleagues have gone
down with flu. ˜ Our holiday was fine
until Jim went down with a bad cold.
go for
(inf)
1. áûòü «çà», îäîáðÿòü; ïèòàòü
ñëàáîñòü, íðàâèòüñÿ ˜ I don’t like
202
go over
this design, but I certainly go for
that one. ˜ I don’t go for his idea,
I think it’s dangerous. ˜ I really go
for progressive jazz. ˜ Do you go
for tall men? – I go for clever men,
whatever they look like.
2. çàäàòüñÿ öåëüþ (ñòàòü ê-ë,
ñäåëàòü ÷-ë) ˜ Joanna is going for
the tennis championship this year.
˜ Her son is going for a doctor! Isn’t
that splendid?
3. îòíîñèòüñÿ, êàñàòüñÿ ê-ë, ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ íà ê-ë ˜ What I’ve
said about Smith goes for you, too.
˜ You must arrive on time or be
dismissed – that goes for all
workers, not only those who’ve been
late in the past.
4. íàáðîñèòüñÿ, íàêèíóòüñÿ ˜
Molly went for James about being
late as soon as he got home. ˜
We have to tie up our dog because
he loves to go for letter carriers.
go in for
óâëåêàòüñÿ, èíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ,
çàíèìàòüñÿ ÷-ë ˜ I don’t go in for
the dances. ˜ How long has Jim
gone in for stamp collecting?
go into
âäàâàòüñÿ â ïîäðîáíîñòè ˜ We
haven’t enough time to go into the
history of the case. ˜ There was
no time to go into the question of
the rights and wrongs of the
struggle.
go off
1. ñêèñíóòü, ïîðòèòüñÿ (î ïðîäóêòàõ) ˜ This milk has gone off.
˜ I shall complain to the shop: this
meat started going off the same
day that I bought it.
2. óäà÷íî ïðîéòè (î ìåðîïðèÿòèè) ˜ The party went off very well.
˜ They wanted all the arrangements to go off smoothly.
3. îõëàäåòü, ðàçîíðàâèòüñÿ ˜
I used to eat a lot of fish but I’ve gone
off it a bit recently. ˜ I’m not going to
go off you after one argument!
go on
ñòóêíóòü, èñïîëíèòüñÿ (î âîçðàñòå) ˜ My dog is going on eight. That’s
middle age by canine standards. ˜
I don’t know her exact age, but she
may be 41 going on 42.
go on at
(inf)
ïèëèòü, öåïëÿòüñÿ, ðóãàòü; ïðèñòàâàòü ñ ïðîñüáàìè ˜ My last
English teacher was very hard to
please. Every day he went on at me
about something or other. ˜ She’s
always going on at the children for
one thing or another. ˜ She’s been
going on at me for a year to buy
her a new coat.
go out
1. ñõîäèòü êóäà-íèáóäü, ðàçâëå÷üñÿ ˜ She is pretty and goes
out a lot. ˜ Let’s go out tonight:
there’s a good film showing at the
local cinema.
2. ïîãàñíóòü ˜ Suddenly the lights
went out. ˜ Have you a match? My
cigarette has gone out.
3. âûéòè èç ìîäû ˜ I hope plastic
coats will soon go out. They’re not very
comfortable. ˜ Long skirts went out
after a short season of popularity.
go over
ïðîéòèñü (ïîâòîðèòü, ïðîâåðèòü)
˜ Let’s go over the structures we
203
go through
studied last week. ˜ Let’s go over
this scene again until you’re sure
you know it.
go through
ïåðåæèòü, âûíåñòè (ïîòåðè,
òðóäíîñòè) ˜ Most families went
through quite a lot during the war.
˜ After all he’s been through, he
still keeps so cheerful!
go through with
äîâåñòè äî êîíöà ˜ He says he’ll
climb Mount Everest, but I doubt if
he’ll go through with it. ˜ The government is determined to go
through with that legislation.
go under
1. ëîïíóòü, ïðîãîðåòü (î áèçíåñå)
˜ The company was weak from the
start, and it finally went under. ˜
Many small firms go under to strong
competition from big business.
2. âûðóáèòüñÿ, ïîòåðÿòü ñîçíàíèå (ïîä âîçäåéñòâèåì ìåäèêàìåíòîâ) ˜ Don’t start the operation
till you’re sure she’s gone under. ˜
Ether was the first anesthetic to
make patients go under.
go with
ïîäõîäèòü; ãàðìîíèðîâàòü (îá
îäåæäå, õàðàêòåðå è ò.ä.) ˜ The
shirt goes well with those trousers.
˜ She is a girl with the temperament that goes with being a redhead.
gobble down/up
(inf)
åñòü çà îáå ùåêè, óïëåòàòü,
óìèíàòü, òðåñêàòü (åñòü áûñòðî è
íåîïðÿòíî) ˜ He had a huge sack
of apples and he was gobbling them
down. ˜ I’ve never seen anyone gobble up so much for breakfast.
goof around/off
(Am inf)
ëîäûðÿ ãîíÿòü, ïðîõëàæäàòüñÿ,
áåçäåëüíè÷àòü, ôèëîíèòü, ñà÷êîâàòü ˜ You’ll never get your studying done if you spend half your
time goofing around. ˜ The supervisor told us to stop goofing around
and get back to work again.
˜That stenographer is always
goofing off in the company
cafeteria instead of getting my
letters typed. ˜ He was always
flirting with all the waitresses and
letting them goof off on the job.
grow on smb
ïîíðàâèòüñÿ, ïîëþáèòü, îöåíèòü
(ñî âðåìåíåì) ˜ I didn’t like the
song at first, but it grows on you the
more you hear it. ˜ I wasn’t sure
about that painting when you brought
it, but it’s growing on me.
grow out of
ïðîõîäèòü ñî âðåìåíåì/âîçðàñòîì (î ñêëîííîñòÿõ, ñèìïàòèÿõ
è ò.ä.) ˜ As a child she used to
stutter, but she grew out of it. ˜
Don’t worry, he’ll soon grow out of
wanting to be a fireman.
H
hack into
âçëîìàòü (êîìïüþòåðíóþ ñèñòåìó) ˜ A student had managed to
hack into some top secret government data.
204
ham up
(inf)
ïåðåèãðûâàòü (èãðàòü ñ íàæè-
have smb on
ìîì/íååñòåñòâåííî) ˜ The play
was going fine until Bob got out
there and hammed up his part. ˜
She would be a better performer if
she didn’t ham up every song!
2. îáèòàòü; æèòü ˜ I’ve found a
place downtown, and I’ll be hanging out there beginning next week.
˜ Where’s Denis hanging out these
days?
hammer out
âûðàáîòàòü, äîáèòüñÿ, ïðèéòè (ê
ðåøåíèþ/ñîãëàøåíèþ) ˜ They
managed to hammer out a solution
that would be acceptable to both
parties. ˜ They will be in trouble
unless we actually sit down together
and hammer out an agreement for
the future.
hang up
ïîâåñèòü òðóáêó ˜ I don’t know
what happened. She just hung up
in the middle of the conversation!
˜ Carrol’s mother told her she had
talked long enough on the phone
and made her hang up.
hand it to
(inf)
îòäàòü äîëæíîå ˜ You have to
hand it to them, they’re wonderful
entertainers. ˜ You have to hand
it to Jim, he is very careful and hardworking in everything he does.
hand over (to)
îòäàòü áðàçäû ïðàâëåíèÿ, ïåðåäàòü óïðàâëåíèå ˜ When Mr Jones
gets old, he will hand over his business to his son. ˜ He decided to hand
the store over to his children.
hang around
(inf)
áîëòàòüñÿ, ñëîíÿòüñÿ, øëÿòüñÿ
˜ Not everyone on campus is a student, some are just hanging around.
˜ Every afternoon they could be
found hanging around the mall.
hang out
(inf)
1. áîëòàòüñÿ, îøèâàòüñÿ, òóñîâàòüñÿ ˜ If he continues to hang
out with that group of tough boys,
he will eventually end up in jail. ˜
He spends a lot of time hanging out
with friends.
happen on/upon
(old-fash)
íàòêíóòüñÿ íà ÷-ë/ê-ë; ñëó÷àéíî
îáíàðóæèòü ˜ I happened on this
jade ornament in a little side street
in Bangkok. ˜ Mr Simpson and
I happened on one another in the
bank last week.
harp on
òâåðäèòü, áóáíèòü, çàâîäèòü âîëûíêó ˜ He always harps on the fact
that the young generation differs from
the old one. ˜ My Grandfather still
harps on the death of his eldest son,
all those years ago.
have it in for
(Am inf)
èìåòü çóá íà ê-ë, çàòàèòü çëîáó/
îáèäó ˜ George has it in for Bob
because Bob told the teacher that
George cheated in the examination.
˜ Ever since he called the police
about their dog, the neighbours
have had it in for Tom.
have smb on
ðàçûãðûâàòü ê-ë, ïîäøó÷èâàòü
íàä ê-ë; äóðà÷èòü, ìîðî÷èòü ãîëîâó ˜ Uncle Bruce said I would
get $1,000 for my old car, but I
205
have smth out
know he was having me on. ˜
I think he was having me on. I didn’t
like to ask.
have smth out
have it out
(Am)
ïîãîâîðèòü íà÷èñòîòó, âûÿñíèòü
îòíîøåíèÿ ˜ It’s time you had the
whole matter out with Ruth. Just tell
each other the truth. ˜ Joe called
Bob a bad name, so they went back
of the school and had it out. Joe
got a bloody nose and Bob got a
black eye.
head for
íàïðàâèòüñÿ ˜ We had decided
to head for Miami. ˜ I headed for
the door.
head off
óêëîíèòüñÿ, èçáåæàòü, ïðåäîòâðàòèòü ˜ I knew he would try to
head off awkward questions about
his past. ˜ You will have to speak
to both groups of men quickly if you
want to head off a nasty disagreement.
head out
(inf)
îòïðàâèòüñÿ/òðîãàòüñÿ â ïóòü ˜
I have a long way to go before dark.
I’m going to head out. ˜ When do
you head out again?
hear from
ïîëó÷èòü âåñòî÷êó ˜ I haven’t heard
from my daughter in two weeks. ˜
Very occasionally I hear from her.
hiss off
îñâèñòàòü, îøèêàòü (àêòåðà,
ïðåäñòàâëåíèå) ˜ After only five
minutes the actor was hissed off
by an angry crowd who demanded
their money back.
hit it off
(inf)
ïîëàäèòü, ïðèéòèñü ïî äóøå,
çàêîðåøèòüñÿ (ïîäðóæèòüñÿ) ˜
They had hit it off from the first
evening. ˜ My mother-in-law and
Tom didn’t hit it off. ˜ How nice
that the two girls hit it off so well!
hit on/upon
îñåíèòü; íàòêíóòüñÿ, íàáðåñòè
(îá îòêðûòèè, ðåøåíèè) ˜ Tired
of letting the cat in and out, he hit
on the idea of cutting a hole in the
door. ˜ He’s hit upon a new sales
method. It’s very effective.
hold against
hold it against
çàòàèòü îáèäó, èìåòü çóá íà ê-ë
˜ She backed right into his new
car, so he’s bound to hold it against
her. ˜ He’s a good friend of mine.
He won’t hold it against us.
hold back
óòàèâàòü, äåðæàòü â òàéíå,
ñêðûâàòü ˜ The research findings
have been held back long enough.
They should be published. ˜ We
must hear the whole story, don’t
hold anything back.
hold forth
ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ, ðàçãëàãîëüñòâîâàòü ˜ He was busy holding forth on the pleasures of travel.
˜ Barbara loved to hold forth on
the latest discoveries in astronomy.
206
hold off
1. îòëîæèòü, îòñðî÷èòü, ïîäî-
hunt up
æäàòü ñ ÷-ë ˜ Jack held off paying for the television set until the
dealer fixed it. ˜ Let’s hold off until
we know more.
2. ñòîðîíèòüñÿ, äåðæàòüñÿ ïîäàëüøå ˜ Perkins was a scholarly
man who held off from people. ˜
Mary tends to hold off from people
who try to be friendly too suddenly.
hold on
íå âåøàòü òðóáêó, ïîäîæäàòü ó
òåëåôîíà ˜ Mr Jones asked me
to hold on while he spoke to his
secretary. ˜ Do you mind holding
on while I find out?
hold on/out
ïðîäåðæàòüñÿ, âûñòîÿòü, äåðæàòüñÿ äî êîíöà ˜ The strikers
held on for six weeks before
agreeing to arbitration. ˜ The town
was surrounded by the enemy and
the citizens did not know if they
could hold on until help arrived. ˜
They could either surrender or hold
out, risking starvation or death at
the hands of the soldiers. ˜ How
long can the enemy hold out?
hold out on smb
(sl)
ñêðûòü, äåðæàòü â ñåêðåòå,
óòàèâàòü ˜ John knew that the family would go to the beach on
Saturday, but he held out on his
brother. ˜ Why didn’t you tell me at
once instead of holding out on me?
hold over
ïîâðåìåíèòü ñ ÷-ë, îòëîæèòü ˜
Let’s hold over discussion of this
problem until our next meeting. ˜
The concert was held over till the next
week because of the singer’s illness.
hold up
1. îãðàáèòü (óãðîæàÿ îðóæèåì)
˜ That bank has been held up three
times. ˜ The criminals held up the
train and took all the passengers’
money.
2. òîðìîçèòü, çàäåðæèâàòü (äåëî)
˜ The office manager’s absence is
holding up everything. ˜ The building of the new road has been held
up by bad weather.
3. çàñòðÿòü (â äîðîæíîé
ïðîáêå) ˜ Sorry I’m late. I was
held up by the traffic. ˜ We were
held up on the road by a nasty
traffic accident.
4. äåðæàòü ñåáÿ â ðóêàõ,
ñîõðàíÿòü ñïîêîéñòâèå ˜ The
grieving mother held up for her children’s sake. ˜ How does he hold
up under such a responsibility?
hold with
(usu negative)
êîñî ñìîòðåòü, íå îäîáðÿòü ˜
She doesn’t hold with people living
together before they’re married. ˜
I don’t hold with any kind of blood
sport.
hop over
(inf)
ìàõíóòü, ðâàíóòü êóäà-íèáóäü ˜
Let’s hop over to Paris for the weekend.
horn in
âñòðÿòü, âìåøàòüñÿ (â ðàçãîâîð)
˜ She had the bad habit of horning
in while someone else was talking.
˜ Who asked you to horn in?
hunt up
âûêîïàòü, îòêîïàòü (íàéòè), ðàçäîáûòü ˜ The staff there aren’t
very good at hunting up information
207
hush up
for you. ˜ These are very interesting statistics. Where did you hunt
them up?
hush up
çàìÿòü, çàìàë÷èâàòü, íå ðàçãëàøàòü ˜ The president tried to hush
up the fact that his advisers had
lied. ˜ They tried to hush up the
damaging details.
J
jack in
(inf)
áðîñèòü, çàáðîñèòü (äåëî) ˜ One
of these days I’m going to jack this
job in and sail round the world. ˜
Felicity got bored with modelling so
she jacked it in and is trying to get
a place at a training college.
idle away
áåçäåëüíè÷àòü, óáèâàòü âðåìÿ,
òðàòèòü âðåìÿ çðÿ/âïóñòóþ 
Natasha would sit idling away the
long summer days by the river.
jam on
1. íàïÿëèòü (íàäåòü) ˜ He
jammed on his hat and rushed out
of the house.
2. äàòü (ïî òîðìîçàì), íàæàòü
(íà òîðìîç) ˜ When the driver saw
the cyclist through the fog, he
jammed on his brakes.
inch along
ïëåñòèñü êàê ÷åðåïàõà, òàùèòüñÿ ˜ The best our troops could do
was to inch their way along the
mine-filled road.
jazz up
îæèâèòü (óêðàñèòü) ˜ They jazzed
up the living room with a new rug. ˜
They decided to include a comedy
act to jazz up the programme.
inform on/against
çàëîæèòü, íàñòó÷àòü, äîíåñòè 
They were arrested in 1996 when a
member of their gang informed on
them.
jolly along
(inf)
óìàñëèâàòü; óáëàæàòü ˜ They
jollied me along until I agreed to
help them.
I
iron out
ñãëàäèòü, óëàäèòü (ïðîòèâîðå÷èÿ); óñòðàíèòü (ðàçíîãëàñèÿ) ˜
Have you managed to iron your
differences of opinion with Louise?
˜ I thought most of your problems
were ironed out.
itch for
ãîðåòü æåëàíèåì, íå òåðïåòüñÿ;
ðóêè ÷åøóòñÿ  Those two boys
are itching for a fight. They’ve been
on the edge of a quarrel all day.
juice up
(Am inf)
îæèâèòü (óêðàñèòü) ˜ The writer
has thought it necessary to juice up
his stories with accounts of his sexual
adventures. ˜ They tried to juice up
the party by playing loud music.
jump at
õâàòàòüñÿ (çà âîçìîæíîñòü), óõâàòèòüñÿ (çà øàíñ) ˜ They have to
persuade their own members not to
jump at superficially attractive offers.
˜ When Dad said he’d help pay for
my vacation, I jumped at the offer.
208
kick in/off
jump on smb
íàëåòåòü, íàáðîñèòüñÿ (ñ
êðèòèêîé), îòðóãàòü ˜ Why did the
boss jump on Veronica like that?
˜ You don’t need to jump on a child
for making up stories occasionally.
K
keep (it) up
ïðîäîëæàòü â òîì æå äóõå, òàê
äåðæàòü ˜ Being human, he can
only keep it up for eight hours a
day. ˜ How long will this noise
keep up? ˜ Keep up the good work.
keep out of smth
íå ëåçòü, íå âìåøèâàòüñÿ, äåðæàòüñÿ â ñòîðîíå; îñòåðåãàòüñÿ ˜
Brian, you keep out of this – it isn’t
your quarrel! ˜ You’d better keep out
of this. It’s got nothing to do with you.
keep under
äåðæàòü â óçäå, ñäåðæèâàòü ˜
He needs keeping under. ˜ Jim kept
his feelings under with an effort.
keep up
1. íå ñáàâëÿòü (òåìï, ñêîðîñòü) ˜
If we can keep up this speed, we
should arrive there in about two days.
˜ That student has been getting all
A’s and I hope he can keep it up.
2. ïðîäåðæàòüñÿ (î õîðîøåé
ïîãîäå); íå ïðåêðàùàòüñÿ (î
äîæäå) ˜ Everybody hoped that
the weather would keep up. ˜ If
this rain keeps up, I’ll stay at home.
keep up with
1. ïîñïåâàòü; óãíàòüñÿ çà ê-ë ˜
You’ll have to walk more slowly, I
can’t keep up with you. ˜ I started
to run a bit so that she had to hurry
to keep up with me.
2. ïîääåðæèâàòü ñâÿçü, íå òåðÿòü èç âèäó ˜ We’ve kept up with
each other ever since we left school.
˜ Ann and I haven’t seen each other
since college, but we keep up
through our annual Christmas letters.
kick around/about
(inf sl)
1. øïûíÿòü, ïîíóêàòü ˜ I’m sick
and tired of being kicked around by
my supervisor. ˜ She shouldn’t let
her brother kick her around like that.
2. âàëÿòüñÿ (î íåíóæíîé âåùè)
˜ This old coat has been kicking
around the closet for years. ˜ The
letter kicked around on my desk
for days.
3. ïðèêèäûâàòü (îáñóæäàòü,
îáäóìûâàòü) ˜ We’ve been kicking about various schemes to make
money. ˜ Bob and I kicked around
the idea of going swimming, but it
was hot and we were too lazy.
kick back
(sl)
äàòü íà ëàïó (äàòü âçÿòêó çà âûãîäíûé êîíòðàêò), îòñòåãíóòü ˜
We only won the contract because
we agreed to kick back 5% of the
profit to the man who got us the job.
˜ I will do it if you kick back a few
hundred for my firm.
kick in
ñêèíóòüñÿ (î äåíüãàõ) ˜ If everyone kicks in a dollar apiece, we can
get something really nice. ˜ We’ll
kick in half if you take care of the
rest.
209
kick in/off
(sl)
çàãíóòüñÿ, ñûãðàòü â ÿùèê, îò-
kiss off
êèíóòü êîïûòà ˜ No one knows
when he’ll kick in. ˜ He finally
kicked off yesterday.
kiss off
(Am inf sl)
1. ðàñïðîùàòüñÿ (îòêàçàòüñÿ îò
ìûñëè); âûáðîñèòü èç ãîëîâû ˜
Just kiss off any idea you might
have had about marrying her. ˜You
can kiss off that promotion.
2. îòâåðãíóòü, îòêëîíèòü ˜ He
kissed off their offer.
3. ïðèøèòü, óêîêîøèòü, óáèòü ˜
Bruno had instructions to kiss Max
off.
knock about/around
(inf)
1. ñëîíÿòüñÿ (áåç äåëà, öåëè),
áðîäèòü ˜ My brother should be
knocking around somewhere. 
There is the odd Scotsman
knocking about here who’s looking
for someone to play.
2. ïîâèäàòü ìèð; çíàòü ÷òî
ïî÷åì ˜ Someone who’s knocked
around a lot is more interesting to
listen to than someone who has
never travelled.  I’m a bachelor,
I’ve knocked around the world a bit.
knock smb back
âëåòåòü/îáîéòèñü (â êîïåå÷êó) ˜
That meal the other evening
knocked me back $30. ˜ A car
like that would knock you back a
few thousand.
knock off
(sl)
1. çàêðóãëÿòüñÿ (çàêîí÷èòü ðàáîòó) ˜ We knock off work in time
for tea. ˜ Let’s knock off early and
go to the football game.
2. ïðèøèòü, çàìî÷èòü, êîêíóòü
(óáèòü) ˜ I don’t want to knock the
old man off; can’t we just tie him
up to keep him quiet?
3. ãðàáàíóòü, óêðàñòü, ñïåðåòü ˜
He was planning to knock off a few
videos, but the boss found out and
got there just in time to stop him.
˜ He’d knocked off three banks
before they caught up with him.
4. íàñòðî÷èòü, ñîñòðÿïàòü, ñëåïèòü (ñòàòåéêó, ñòèøêè) ˜ He earns
his money writing short stories for
women’s journals. He can knock one
off in a couple of hours. ˜ I can
knock off a poem in half an hour.
knock back
ïðîïóñòèòü, îïðîêèíóòü (ñòàêàí÷èê); îñóøèòü îäíèì ãëîòêîì ˜
He won’t be too happy when he
comes up here and finds me
knocking back his favourite
whisky. ˜ He knocked back glass
after glass of wine.
knock oneself out
âûêëàäûâàòüñÿ (óìñòâåííî è ôèçè÷åñêè), ðàáîòàòü íà èçíîñ, âûáèâàòüñÿ èç ñèë ˜ While the boss
was watching, the workers knocked
themselves out. When he left, they
relaxed. ˜ This businessman is a
workaholic who will always knock
himself out working at full blast.
knock down
(Am inf)
çàêîëà÷èâàòü (äåíüãè) ˜ She
knocks down a hundred grand a
year. ˜ A clever lawyer can knock
down $40,000 in a good year.
knock out
âûáèòü èç êîëåè, ñðàçèòü íàïîâàë ˜ She was knocked out by
the news. ˜ Her beauty knocked
out every man in the room.
210
lay out
knock up
(inf)
1. ñâàðãàíèòü, ïðèãîòîâèòü,
ñîîáðàçèòü (î åäå) ˜ Do you want
me to knock up a meal for you? ˜
What sort of a meal do you expect
me to knock up in ten minutes?
2. çàêîëà÷èâàòü (äåíüãè) ˜ Jim’s
father knocked up over $10,000
last year.
knuckle down
çàñó÷èòü ðóêàâà ˜ It’s high time
you knuckled down to some hard
study. ˜ The professor insisted
that we knuckle down and get our
papers in by Friday.
knuckle under
(inf)
ïëÿñàòü ïîä ÷-ë äóäêó; ñäàòüñÿ;
ïîä÷èíèòüñÿ ˜ He refused to
knuckle under and was asked to
leave. ˜ We all had to knuckle
under to the director’s order.
L
land with
(inf)
íàãðóçèòü, íàâÿçàòü, íàâåñèòü íà
ê-ë ˜ I’ve been landed with the conference organization! ˜ You landed
us with that awful Hector whom I’d
never seen in my life.
lap up
(inf)
ïîãëîùàòü, æàäíî âïèòûâàòü;
óïèâàòüñÿ ˜ The singer laps up admiration from the public. ˜ William
is interested in rockets and space,
and he laps up all he can read about
them.
latch on to
(inf)
1. òàñêàòüñÿ çà ê-ë, ïðèöåïèòüñÿ, ïðèëèïíóòü, ïðèñòàòü, óâÿ-
çàòüñÿ, íå îòõîäèòü îò ê-ë ˜ My
talkative neighbour latched on to
me throughout the party – I couldn’t
get away. ˜ Just as he was about
to leave, he was latched on to by a
girl he’d met that morning.
2. óõâàòèòü, ïîíÿòü, óëîâèòü
(ñìûñë) ˜ Carol quickly latched on
to how the sewing machine works.
˜ The teacher makes a lot of jokes
to amuse his students, but they
rarely latch on to them.
lay into smb
íàïóñòèòüñÿ, íàáðîñèòüñÿ íà ê-ë
(ñ êóëàêàìè èëè ðóãàíüþ) ˜ She
knew that Annie had laid into Brian
for his tactlessness. ˜ I was going
to lay into her but the other two girls
grabbed my arms.
lay off
(inf)
1. îñòàâèòü â ïîêîå, êîí÷àòü,
ïåðåñòàòü ˜ They had warned him
to lay off, but he’d kept cutting in
just the same. ˜ Lay off, can’t you!
Can’t you see he’s had enough?
2. ñíÿòü, îòñòðàíèòü îò ðàáîòû,
óâîëèòü ˜ 500 workers were laid
off when the factory was closed
after the fire. ˜ The company lost
the contract for making the shoes
and laid off half its workers.
lay out
(inf sl)
1. îò÷èòàòü, îòðóãàòü ˜ The director laid Jim out for being late
again. ˜ She laid me out for breaking the vase.
2. âûêëàäûâàòü (äåíüãè), ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ ˜ Some people might
be too hard up midweek to lay out
large sums. ˜ How much did you
have to lay out for your new car?
211
lead smb on
3. âûðóáèòü (ñâàëèòü ñ íîã ñèëüíûì óäàðîì) ˜ With one blow he
laid his attacker out. ˜ Three of
the enemy were laid out at once.
lead smb on
(inf)
ìîðî÷èòü ãîëîâó, äóðà÷èòü, âîäèòü çà íîñ ˜ She’s just leading
him on. She has a serious boyfriend at home. ˜ Ted led us on to
believe that he was a world traveller, but we found out that he had
never been outside our state.
lead up to
êëîíèòü, ïîäâîäèòü ê ÷-ë ˜
I know what he’s leading up to. He
wants you to lend him some money.
˜ Be careful how to lead up to mentioning a possible pay rise with your
employer.
leak out
ïðîñî÷èòüñÿ (îá èíôîðìàöèè) ˜
News of their engagement leaked
out just before Christmas. ˜ The
news of his appointment leaked out
before it was officially made known.
lean on smb
(inf)
1. íàæàòü, íàäàâèòü íà ê-ë ˜
Film production is an enormously
competitive business, so the producers lean on the writers. ˜ The
gangsters were leaning on storekeepers to pay them protection
money. ˜ I would gladly do what
you ask if you only stopped leaning on me so hard!
2. ðàññ÷èòûâàòü, ïîëàãàòüñÿ ˜
He’s leaning on me for help. ˜ You
have to make your own way in the
world, and not lean on your father
for the rest of your life.
leave out
îïóñêàòü, ïðîïóñêàòü, èñêëþ÷àòü
(èç ïëàíîâ è ò.ä.) ˜ I’m aware that
we’ve had to leave out much interesting and important work. ˜ This
sentence doesn’t make sense; a
key word has been left out.
let/leave alone
îñòàâèòü â ïîêîå ˜ The plant
will grow much better if you let it
alone. ˜ Let that bag alone! It’s
not yours! ˜ When Joel gets mad,
just leave him alone.
let down
ïîäñòàâèòü ê-ë, ïîäâåñòè, áðîñèòü
â áåäå ˜ You’re so silly. You regularly
let yourself down, don’t you? ˜ I was
depending on him but he let me
down. ˜ Never let your friends down.
let on
(inf)
1. ðàçáîëòàòü, âûäàòü ñåêðåò, ïðèçíàòüñÿ ˜ Don’t let on to Doris that
we are going to the movies tonight.
˜ Don’t let on we went to that dance.
2. ñî÷èíèòü, ïðèäóìàòü, ïðèâðàòü, ïðèòâîðèòüñÿ ˜ He’s not
as rich as he lets on. ˜ He got the
job by letting on that he had a lot
of experience.
let out
(inf)
1. âûïóñòèòü (ñäåëàòü îäåæäó äëèííåå, ñâîáîäíåå) ˜ Mary’s mother
had to let out her dress because Mary
is growing so tall. ˜ This coat needs
to be let out across the shoulders.
2. íàáðîñèòüñÿ (ñ êóëàêàìè èëè
ðóãàíüþ) ˜ Jim let out in all directions but his attackers were too strong
for him. ˜ Once he gets angry, he
lets out at anyone who opposes him.
212
look for
3. ïðîãîâîðèòüñÿ, ïðîáîëòàòüñÿ
˜ I’ll never tell you another secret
if you let this one out. ˜ I thought
it was a secret – who let it out?
let smb in for
âïóòàòü(ñÿ), îáðå÷ü íà ÷-ë ˜
You don’t realize, darling, what
you’ve let me in for. ˜ We stood in
front of this awful hotel and thought,
what have we let ourselves in for?
let up
ñîéòè íà íåò, ñòèõíóòü, îñëàáåòü,
ñïàñòü ˜ It has rained for three
days without letting up. ˜ Day
followed day and still the heat did
not let up. ˜ Mother thought the
pain would never let up.
lie in
âàëÿòüñÿ â ïîñòåëè ˜ On Sunday
mornings I always lie in. ˜ It’s so
nice at the weekends to have a
chance to lie in.
light on/upon
íàáðåñòè, íàòêíóòüñÿ, ñëó÷àéíî
îáíàðóæèòü ˜ John was delighted
to light on a new solution to the
problem. ˜ We were following the path
when suddenly we lit upon a cave.
ing a large inheritance, Bob and
Alice began to live it up. ˜ She
used to live it up, but since she lost
all her money all she can afford is
window-shopping.
live off smb
ñèäåòü íà øåå ˜ Roland had not
worked for two months when I met
him, and had been living off his
mother. ˜ Although Eric is 40
years old, he has no job and continues to live off his elderly parents.
live up to
îïðàâäàòü (íàäåæäû, îæèäàíèÿ); áûòü íà óðîâíå ˜ It was clear
that the lazy student would never
live up to his family’s expectations.
˜ So far as he could, John had always tried to live up to the example
he saw in Lincoln.
look after
ïðèñìàòðèâàòü, óõàæèâàòü,
çàáîòèòüñÿ ˜ If you look after your
new shoes, they will last longer. ˜
Who will look after the children while
we go out to work?
live down
çàãëàäèòü, èñêóïèòü, çàñëóæèòü
ïðîùåíèå ˜ Sandra called her principal the wrong name at the banquet,
and she thought she would never live
it down. ˜ I’m afraid I’ll never live
down that tactless remark I made.
look down on/upon
ñìîòðåòü ñâûñîêà, îòíîñèòüñÿ
ïðåçðèòåëüíî, âûñîêîìåðíî; íå
îäîáðÿòü ˜ Mary looked down on
her classmates because she was
better dressed than they were. ˜
Women have grown tired of being
looked down on by employers. 
The school looks down on such
behaviour.
live it up
æèòü íà øèðîêóþ íîãó, êóòèòü;
ïðîæèãàòü æèçíü ˜ After receiv-
look for
1. èñêàòü ˜ Fred spent all day
looking for a job. ˜ The police and
213
look forward to
the villagers are out in the woods,
looking for the missing child.
2. ðàññ÷èòûâàòü, îæèäàòü ˜ The
frost killed many oranges, and
housewives can look for an increase
in their price. ˜ Bob wouldn’t go for
a ride with the boys because he was
looking for a phone call from Julia.
look forward to
ïðåäâêóøàòü, ñ íåòåðïåíèåì
æäàòü ˜ Jim looked forward to the
day when he could retire. ˜ I’m
looking forward to their visit.
look in on smb
çàãëÿíóòü (â ãîñòè) ˜ I’ll look in
on Francesca when I’m in Rome.
˜ I thought I’d look in on you while
I was passing.
look into smth
ðàññëåäîâàòü, äåòàëüíî èçó÷àòü,
ðàçîáðàòüñÿ ˜ The police are looking into last night’s robbery. ˜ The
committee must look into what hospital conditions exist for children.
look out on
âûõîäèòü (îêíàìè) ˜ Their rear
windows look out on a lovely garden. ˜ The castle looked out on
the distant forest.
look smb up and down
ñìåðèòü âçãëÿäîì; îãëÿäåòü/
îñìîòðåòü ñ íîã äî ãîëîâû ˜ The
policeman looked the drunk man
up and down very deliberately before replying to his question. ˜ They
looked the new boy up and down.
look through
1. ïðîáåæàòü (ãëàçàìè) ˜ If you
have revision notes you may find it
helpful to look through them on the
morning of the examination. ˜
Looking through a magazine in the
doctor’s waiting room, I found a
photograph of my own daughter’s
wedding.
2. â óïîð íå âèäåòü ˜ I said good
morning but she looked straight
through me and walked on. ˜ They
looked straight through him.
3. âèäåòü íàñêâîçü ˜ Every time
I try to fool him he looks through
my tricks.
look to
ðàññ÷èòûâàòü, ïîëàãàòüñÿ íà ê-ë
˜ I have told you the rules. I look
to you to obey them. ˜ The child
looks to his mother to cure his
hurts.
look up
èäòè íà ëàä/íà ïîïðàâêó (î
äåëàõ, ïîãîäå) ˜ How’s business?
– Oh, things are looking up. I just
got a lot of new orders. ˜ Business
has been very bad lately but things
are beginning to look up now.  The
weather’s looking up at last.
look up to smb
ïî÷èòàòü, óâàæàòü, îáîæàòü ê-ë
˜The students look up to you and
admire you. ˜ The students really
looked up to Mr Jones.
lounge about/around
ñëîíÿòüñÿ (áåç äåëà/öåëè), îêîëà÷èâàòüñÿ ˜ She saw some
people who were lounging about,
apparently with nothing to do. ˜ He
had seen a couple of other men
lounging around the house.
214
make up for
M
make for
1. íàïðàâèòüñÿ ˜ When I entered
the room, Claire made for me as if
she had something urgent to tell
me. ˜ After the concert, the crowd
made for the nearest door.
2. ñïîñîáñòâîâàòü, ïîìîãàòü ÷-ë
˜ A little more friendliness from one’s
colleagues would certainly make for
a better working climate. ˜ The large
print makes for easier reading.
make off
(inf)
ñìàòûâàòü óäî÷êè, óäèðàòü;
óì÷àòüñÿ (î ìàøèíå) ˜ The vehicle made off at once. ˜ She released the child suddenly and he
made off. ˜ The cat took one look
at her and made off.
make off with
(inf)
ïðèêàðìàíèòü, ïðèõâàòèòü (÷óæîå) ˜ Either I’ve lost it, or somebody made off with my pen. ˜ The
burglars made off with the stereo
and computer as well as jewelry.
make out
1. ïðåóñïåòü â ÷-ë ˜ I did not
make out very well on my last
examination. ˜ Whatever profession this young man chooses, I’m
sure he’ll make out all right.
2. äåëàòü âèä, ïðèòâîðÿòüñÿ ˜
He opened a drawer and made out
to be looking for something in it.
˜ Mary has always made out that
her parents were rich, but it isn’t
true.
3. ðàçáèðàòü, ðàçëè÷àòü (çðèòåëüíî èëè íà ñëóõ) ˜ I can hardly make
out the number on the door. ˜ They
couldn’t make out what the child had
drawn.  He could hear voices in the
kitchen below, but couldn’t make out
what was being said.
4. óÿñíèòü, ïîíÿòü, âçÿòü â òîëê
˜ I can’t make out what she’s trying to say. ˜ Can you make out
the meaning of this sentence?
5. çàïîëíèòü (äîêóìåíò), âûïèñàòü
(íàêëàäíóþ, ñ÷åò) ˜ Mr Smith gave
the clerk in the store some money
and the clerk made out a receipt. ˜
He made out the invoices.
make over
ïåðåäåëàòü; ïåðåøèòü ˜ She
makes over all her old clothes. ˜
Human nature can’t be made over
so easily.
make up
1. íàâåðñòàòü, êîìïåíñèðîâàòü,
âîñïîëíèòü ˜ If you miss a lesson,
we can make up later. ˜ Those unexcused absences must be made up.
2. ñî÷èíÿòü, ïðèäóìàòü, ôàáðèêîâàòü ˜ Mary is always making
up stories for her children. ˜ Is this
account true or did you make it up?
3. ïîäêðàøèâàòüñÿ, ãðèìèðîâàòüñÿ ˜ Tom watched his sister
make up her face for her date. ˜
Clowns always make up before a
circus show.
make up for
1. çàãëàæèâàòü/èñêóïàòü âèíó;
êîìïåíñèðîâàòü ÷-ë ˜ How can
I make up for my rudeness? ˜ How
could he make up for all he had
done to her? ˜ Beauty cannot
make up for stupidity.
2. íàãíàòü, íàâåðñòàòü óïóùåííîå ˜ He watched TV every
215
make up to
night – making up for the years
he spent doing nothing but
studying. ˜ They married late but
hoped to make up for lost time.
make up to
ïîäëèçûâàòüñÿ, ïîäìàçûâàòüñÿ,
çàèãðûâàòü, çàèñêèâàòü, ëåáåçèòü
˜ Nowadays politicians are making
up to rich businessmen. ˜ Some
students make up to their teachers
to get good marks.
make up (with)
make it up
ïîéòè íà ìèðîâóþ, ïîìèðèòüñÿ,
íàëàäèòü îòíîøåíèÿ ˜ After the
quarrel the two young lovers kissed
and made up. ˜ I heard you made
up with an old enemy of yours. 
They had a quarrel but later Marsha
wanted to make it up.
Joe came in after the fight with the
boys, he was all messed up. ˜ John
got messed up in a ballroom brawl.
miss out (on)
(inf)
1. ïðîïóñòèòü; óïóñòèòü (øàíñ,
âîçìîæíîñòü) ˜ I can’t find Kate on
the list. – You’ve missed her out. ˜
If you don’t attend the party tonight,
you’ll miss out on a rare experience.
 Thailand does not want to miss
out on any opportunities.
2. îáîéòè ê-ë (ïî ñëóæáå)  Trudy
missed out on the promotion.
mix up
ïåðåïóòàòü ˜ I mixed up the dates
of my interviews and went to the
wrong place. ˜ I’m sorry. I mixed up
your names, you’re so much alike.
mark up
íàêðóòèòü öåíó (óñòàíîâèòü
òîðãîâóþ íàöåíêó) ˜ Corporations
mark up prices 1,000 per cent in
order, they say, to pay for research.
monkey about/around
(inf)
ïðîêàçíè÷àòü, âàëÿòü äóðàêà,
äóðà÷èòüñÿ ˜ I knew a window
would soon get broken, with all
those children monkeying around in
the garden. ˜ The twins have been
monkeying about in the attic again.
mess about/around
äóðüþ ìàÿòüñÿ, áîëòàòüñÿ áåç
äåëà, áèòü áàêëóøè ˜ Get on with
your work and stop messing about!
˜ Some of the lads had been
messing around when they should
have been working.
mooch about/around
(inf)
ñëîíÿòüñÿ, áîëòàòüñÿ áåç äåëà,
îêîëà÷èâàòüñÿ ˜ There’s nothing to
do in this town except mooch around
the streets. No wonder the young
people get into trouble. ˜ He was
mooching about in his studio.
mess up
(inf)
1. çàâàëèòü, èñïîðòèòü, çàïîðîòü
˜ If John messes up his driving test
again, I doubt if he’ll ever pass it. ˜
Our travel arrangements have been
messed up by the ticket office.
2. èçáèòü, ïîêîëîòèòü ˜ When
N
nod off
êåìàðèòü (óñíóòü ñèäÿ), êëåâàòü
íîñîì ˜ I was just nodding off when
the telephone rang. ˜ They just sit
and chat to each other, or nod off.
216
pack smb in
nose about/around
(inf)
âûíþõèâàòü, ðàçíþõèâàòü,
âûèñêèâàòü ˜ What’s he nosing
about here for? He has nothing to
do with our department. ˜ The
detective was nosing around in the
crowd looking for pickpockets.
nose in/into
(inf)
ñîâàòü íîñ (â ÷óæèå äåëà) ˜
I don’t want our neighbour nosing
into our affairs, so keep quiet about
our plans. ˜ He always had his
nose in other people’s business.
nuzzle up against/to smb
äîâåð÷èâî óòêíóòüñÿ â ê-ë (î
æèâîòíûõ)  David’s dog came and
nuzzled up against me.
O
occur to
ïðèõîäèòü â ãîëîâó/íà óì ˜ It
had never occurred to her that he
might insist on paying. ˜ Such a
simple explanation never occurred
to me! ˜ Didn’t it occur to you to
ask permission first?
open into smth
âåñòè êóäà-òî  The hallway
opened into a large well-lit room. 
At the bottom of the stairs was a
door opening into the cellar.
open onto smth
âûõîäèòü (îêíàìè)  The
windows of our flat opened onto the
market square.
open out/up
ðàçâåðíóòü, ðàçëîæèòü (÷-ë
ñëîæåííîå)  Opening out the
map, he traced the line of the river
with his finger.
open up
1. ðàçîòêðîâåííè÷àòüñÿ, îòêðûòüñÿ  After five or six beers Doring
had opened up about Klara and
Springer.
2. íàæàòü íà ãàç; ãíàòü (óâåëè÷èòü
ñêîðîñòü)  Once we were in the
main road, the car really opened up.
 After twenty miles he opened up.
3. ðàçûãðàòüñÿ (î ñïîðòñìåíàõ)
 After a slow start, the team really
opened up and hit 180 in two hours.
4. îòêðûòü îãîíü  As our troops
moved forward, the enemy opened
up with machine guns.
opt for
ïðåäïî÷èòàòü, âûáèðàòü  Quite
a few engineering graduates finally
opted for a career in teaching.
own up
ðàñêîëîòüñÿ, ñîçíàòüñÿ, ïðèçíàòüñÿ ˜ No one owned up to
taking the money. ˜ Come on,
Tim, you’d better own up that you
lost the car keys.
P
pack in
íàáèòü áèòêîì/äî îòêàçà ˜ Safety
laws limit the number of people who
can occupy an auditorium.You can’t
just pack them in. ˜ No more
supporters are allowed into the
football ground: it’s impossible to
pack any more in.
217
pack smb in
(inf)
äàòü îòñòàâêó, áðîñèòü ê-ë ˜
pack smb off
She’s just packed her boyfriend in.
˜ He decided to pack him in.
think it will pan out. ˜ Things didn’t
pan out too well.
pack smb off
ñïðîâàäèòü, èçáàâèòüñÿ ˜ We
decided to pay the reporter his
wages and pack him off at once.
˜ The family were so ashamed of
the youngest son that they packed
him off to the United States.
pass away
óéòè â ìèð èíîé, ñêîí÷àòüñÿ ˜
Her uncle passed away last week.
˜ When I pass away, I want to have
lots of flowers and a big funeral.
pack smth in
(inf)
pack it in
(Am)
çàâÿçàòü, áðîñèòü (ïåðåñòàòü
äåëàòü) ˜ I’ve packed gambling in.
I’ve been losing too much money.
˜ She didn’t like her new job at all
and was thinking of packing it in.
pack up
(inf)
çàáàðàõëèòü; âûéòè èç ñòðîÿ
(ñëîìàòüñÿ) ˜ Halfway up the hill
the engine packed up. ˜The
heating in the hall packed up. ˜
My car has actually packed up so I
need to take the second car.
pad out
ðàçäóòü (îáúåì íàïèñàííîãî) ˜
She had a habit of padding out her
essays with a lot of long quotes. ˜
The book was padded out with uninteresting descriptions.
palm off
ñáûòü ñ ðóê, ñáàãðèòü, âòþõàòü
˜ I said he was an expert at palming things off. ˜ See what kind of
cement those bloody crooks
palmed off on me!
pan out
âûãîðåòü, ïîëó÷èòüñÿ ˜ I thought
it was a good idea, but now I don’t
pass for
ñîéòè çà ê-ë ; áûòü ïðèíÿòûì çà
ê-ë ˜ Do you think he will pass for a
cook wearing that hat? ˜ She could
pass for a much younger woman.
pass off
1. ïðîõîäèòü, óòèõíóòü, ïîñòåïåííî èñ÷åçàòü (î áîëè, îùóùåíèÿõ) ˜ Take this tablet and the
pain should pass off within an hour.
˜ Fortunately, the effects of the gas
passed off relatively quickly.
2. ñáûòü íåêà÷åñòâåííûé òîâàð,
ñáàãðèòü, âñó÷èòü ˜ The police
caught him for passing off false
money. ˜ The dishonest builder
passed off a poorly built house by
pretending it was well constructed.
pass smb/smth off as
âûäàòü çà ê-ë/÷-ë; ïðåäñòàâèòü
˜ He passed his secretary off as
his wife. ˜ She passed the idea
off as her own.
pass out
âûðóáèòüñÿ, ïîòåðÿòü ñîçíàíèå,
óïàñòü â îáìîðîê ˜ My head thumped
solidly on a rock and I passed out. ˜
When the young man heard the news,
he passed out with the shock.
218
pass over
1. ïðîïóñòèòü ìèìî óøåé, îáõî-
pick up
äèòü ìîë÷àíèåì; íå îáðàùàòü
âíèìàíèÿ ˜ “You must’ve had a
long engagement,” Loretta said, but
Alice passed that over. ˜ The
committee decided to pass over the
small faults in your report as the
general effect is very good.
2. óéòè â ìèð èíîé, ñêîí÷àòüñÿ
 I’m sorry to hear that your favourite
uncle passed over last week.
3. îòïëàòèòü òîé æå ìîíåòîé,
îòîìñòèòü ˜ I’ll pay him off for
treating me like that. ˜ When Bob
tripped Dick, Dick paid Bob off by
punching him in the nose.
pass smb over (usu passive)
îáîéòè (ïî ñëóæáå) ˜ When
raises were given, my secretary resented being passed over. ˜ Neither of us got the job. We were both
passed over.
peg away at
(inf)
êîðïåòü, âêàëûâàòü ˜ If you peg
away at cricket practice all your
youth, there is some hope that you
may be chosen for the team. ˜
We found that it didn’t help much
to peg away at the same passage.
pass up
óïóñêàòü (ñëó÷àé, âîçìîæíîñòü)
˜ Don’t pass up the opportunity to
see the eclipse of the sun today.
˜ Never pass up a chance to improve your English.
patch up
óëàäèòü (ññîðó); íàëàäèòü, çàëàòàòü (îòíîøåíèÿ) ˜ Many a
village quarrel was patched up that
morning. ˜ The director and the
chairman seem to have patched up
their differences of opinion.
pay off
1. îòêóïèòüñÿ (ïëàòèòü çà ìîë÷àíèå, óñëóãè); ïîäêóïèòü ˜ Do you
think you can pay the criminals off?
˜ We had to pay off the man who got
us the contract, with 5% of the profit.
2. ðàññ÷èòàòü (óâîëèòü) ˜ We’ve
had to pay off ten employees because there’s no work for them. ˜
A hundred workers will be paid off
when the factory closes next week.
pay smb back
îòïëàòèòü, îòîìñòèòü ˜ I’ll pay you
back for this. ˜ We will pay them
back for the trick they played on us.
perk up
îæèâèòü(ñÿ), ïðèîáîäðèòü(ñÿ),
âñòðÿõíóòü(ñÿ) ˜ Mary perked up
as soon as Jim’s name was mentioned. ˜ Peter perked up. He rose
from his chair. ˜ “Now that’s a
thought,” Bruno said, perking up a
bit.
peter out
óëåòó÷èòüñÿ, èññÿêíóòü, óìåíüøèòüñÿ ˜ Their enthusiasm soon
petered out. ˜ But as he thought
of her, his anger slowly petered out.
pick on
(inf)
öåïëÿòüñÿ, ïðèäèðàòüñÿ; äðàçíèòü; ïðèñòàâàòü ˜ You’re always
picking on me. ˜ She told Mom
the boys were always picking on
her.
pick up
1. íàáðàòüñÿ, íàõâàòàòüñÿ (çíàíèé,
óìåíèé), îñâîèòü, íàó÷èòüñÿ ÷-ë ˜
219
pile up
Where did you pick up your Russian?
˜ You can always pick up new ideas
if you keep your eyes open. ˜There
is no formal training for a job like this.
You just pick it up as you go along.
2. èäòè íà ëàä/íà ïîïðàâêó; íàëàäèòüñÿ (î çäîðîâüå, ïîãîäå,
áèçíåñå) ˜ Dad’s been quite ill,
but he’s picking up again now. ˜
Trade has been picking up again
since the winter. ˜ When is the
weather going to pick up?
3. ïîéìàòü (ðàäèîñòàíöèþ) ˜
This powerful radio can pick up stations from halfway round the world.
˜ It was easier to pick up Radio
Luxembourg than Radio One.
4. çàáðàòü (çàéòè, çàåõàòü çà ê-ë/
÷-ë) ˜ I’ll pick you up from the tennis club at six. ˜ Please, will you
pick up my parcels at the post office as you pass?
5. ïîäöåïèòü (ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ) ˜
That’s the girl Sam picked up at
the disco. ˜ Some men go to
dances just to see if they can pick
up a girl for the night.
6. ïîäöåïèòü, ïîäõâàòèòü (î áîëåçíè) ˜ Influenza isn’t as easy
to pick up as most people tend to
believe.
ïðè÷èíó ˜ The firefighters finally
were able to pin down the source of
the odour. ˜ The police tried to pin
down the blame for the fire in the
school.
pile up
(inf)
1. âðåçàòüñÿ, ðàçáèòü(ñÿ), ñòîëêíóòüñÿ (î òðàíñïîðòå) ˜ When the
police arrived at least four cars had
piled up. ˜ A bus and three cars
piled up on the main road this morning.
2. íàêàïëèâàòü(ñÿ), ñêîïèòüñÿ ˜
He piled up a huge fortune. ˜ The
leaves piled up in the yard.
pipe down
(inf)
óãîìîíèòüñÿ, óñïîêîèòüñÿ ˜
Please, tell your son to pipe down;
I can’t hear the film! ˜ Pipe down,
you boys at the back there, we can
hardly hear ourselves think.
pin down
âû÷èñëèòü, âûÿñíèòü, óñòàíîâèòü
pin on
1. âîçëàãàòü (íàäåæäû) ˜ I pin
my faith on public opinion.
2. êàòèòü áî÷êó, øèòü äåëî, îáâèíÿòü, ñâàëèòü âèíó ˜ It amused
Wilf to watch David trying to pin a
crime on him he hadn’t committed.
˜ They pinned the murder on the
wrong man.
pin smb down
ïîéìàòü íà ñëîâå, ïðèïåðåòü ê
ñòåíêå, ñâÿçàòü îáåùàíèåì ˜
The reporter pinned down the governor on the issue of conservation
measures. ˜ I tried to pin Bob down
to fix my bicycle tomorrow, but he
wouldn’t say he could.
pine for
÷àõíóòü, ñîõíóòü, òîñêîâàòü ïî
ê-ë/÷-ë ˜ Helen pines for you. ˜
Although the boy had lived in his
new country for three years, he was
still pining for his homeland.
pitch in
(inf)
íàâàëèòüñÿ, íàëå÷ü (íà åäó,
ðàáîòó) ˜ If everybody pitches in,
we’ll soon have the job finished. ˜
As soon as the food was put on
220
polish off
the table, all the children pitched
in without waiting to be invited.
plank down
ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ, âûëîæèòü äåíüãè íå ðàçäóìûâàÿ ˜ He planked
down the money and called for
drinks for everyone. ˜ Few people
can afford to plank down the whole
cost of a house.
play down
óìàëÿòü, ïðåóìåíüøàòü (ðîëü,
çíà÷åíèå, âàæíîñòü) ˜ The doctors thought it kind to play down the
serious nature of her illness. ˜
Because it was important, he
wished to play it down.
play up
1. ðàçäóâàòü (ïðèäàâàòü çíà÷åíèå), ïîäíèìàòü øóìèõó, ïîä÷åðêèâàòü ˜ If the press hadn’t
played it up so much, the affair
would have been forgotten long ago.
˜ Newspaper reports play up the
few accidents and injuries which do
occur.
2. áàðàõëèòü (î ìåõàíèçìå) ˜
My car’s been playing up again. ˜
Our phone is playing up.
3. ïðîêàçíè÷àòü, áåñèòüñÿ ˜ If
the children start playing up, just
send them out to the park. ˜ I hope
the children don’t start playing up
when the guests arrive.
play up to
(inf)
âûñëóæèòüñÿ ïåðåä ê-ë; ïîäûãðàòü ê-ë ˜ Did you think the professor’s joke was really funny or did
you laugh just to play up to him? ˜
I played up to his vanity.
play with
ïîäóìûâàòü î ÷-ë, ïðèêèäûâàòü
(â óìå) ˜ I played with the idea of
going to work abroad, but I think I’d
miss home too much. ˜ He had
played with the idea of moving her
to an apartment of her own.
plonk down
ïëþõíóòü(ñÿ) ˜ She plonked
down in an armchair and lit a cigarette. ˜ The workman plonked
down his heavy bag of tools.
plug away at
(Am)
âêàëûâàòü, êîðïåòü íàä ÷-ë ˜ If
you keep plugging away at your biology, you can’t help but succeed.
˜ John kept plugging away at the
trumpet until he became pretty good
at it. ˜ If you keep plugging away
at it, the painting will soon be done.
plug in
(Am inf)
âúåõàòü, âðóáèòüñÿ (ïîíÿòü) ˜
I didn’t plug in to what she was
talking about.
plump down
ïëþõíóòüñÿ, ðóõíóòü ˜ On arriving home from work, Helga would
plump down into an armchair with a
glass of sherry. ˜ Clara plumped
herself down on the bed.
polish off
(inf)
1. ñìåñòè ïîä÷èñòóþ (ñúåñòü);
çàêîí÷èòü â äâà ñ÷åòà ˜ Don’t polish
off all the food before we get there! ˜
It didn’t take the children long to polish
off the rest of the cream cake.
2. ðàçäåëàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë/÷-ë, áûñòðî
ðàñïðàâèòüñÿ ˜ You have to polish
off three experienced players before
221
polish up
you can win the prize. ˜ If everyone helps, we can polish off this job
today. ˜ She polished off the rest
of the typing in no time.
polish up
îòòî÷èòü, îòøëèôîâàòü (óëó÷øèòü)
˜ The content of the essay is fine.
Just polish up the style a bit. ˜ Ann
was polishing up her classical Greek.
pop in
(inf)
çàñêî÷èòü, çàéòè ïî äîðîãå ˜ He
popped in for a moment and then
left. ˜ If you’re passing by, you
should pop in for a chat some time.
pop off
(Am inf)
1. ñðûâàòüñÿ, êàòèòü áî÷êó, íàîðàòü íà ê-ë ˜ She’s always popping
off about her husband’s relatives.
˜ Don’t keep popping off at me. It’s
not my fault that he’s not here.
2. ñûãðàòü â ÿùèê (óìåðåòü)  No
one expected her to pop off like that.
puff up
(inf)
ïðèóêðàñèòü, ðàñõâàëèòü (íåçàñëóæåííî) ˜ I think the newspapers have puffed up her performance; she wasn’t all that good.
pull down
ñíåñòè, ðàçðóøèòü ˜ Why did
they pull all those houses down?
˜ The council said it would close
the flats and pull them down.
pull for
áîëåòü çà ê-ë ˜ Whenever I watch
a movie, I’m always pulling for the
underdog. ˜ I can’t be at the game
to cheer for you, but you know I’m
pulling for you.
pull in
ïðèáûòü, ïîäîéòè (î ïîåçäå) ˜
As the 4.30 to Newcastle pulled in,
there was a mad scramble to get on.
pull off
(inf)
ïðîâåðíóòü (î ñäåëêå), óäàâàòüñÿ ˜ Much to our surprise, he
pulled off the deal. ˜ I never
thought we’d ever stage this play,
but somehow we pulled it off.
prey on
(inf)
1. ãðåòü ðóêè íà ê-ë/÷-ë, ãðàáèòü
˜ Gangsters preyed on business
of many kinds while the sale of
liquor was prohibited. ˜ The rich
have been preying on the poor for
centuries.
2. òåðçàòü, ìó÷èòü, óãíåòàòü ˜
Poor health had preyed on him for
years. ˜ Business worries preyed
on his mind.
pull (oneself) together
âçÿòü ñåáÿ â ðóêè ˜ He had
taken some minutes alone in his
room to pull himself together. ˜ I’ll
be all right as soon as I can pull
myself together.
psych out
(sl)
âû÷èñëèòü ê-ë, ðàñêóñèòü, ðàçãàäàòü ˜ Sue sure has got Joe
psyched out. ˜ He was trying to
psych out her intentions. ˜
I psyched him out at once.
pull out
1. âûéòè èç èãðû, äàòü çàäíèé
õîä ˜ I don’t like the latest developments in the plan, so I’m going
to pull out before it’s too late. ˜
A good businessperson senses
222
put off
when to jump into a deal and when
to pull out.
2. òðîíóòüñÿ, îòîéòè (î ïîåçäå)
˜ The Tyne-Tees express pulled out
at 8.27 on the dot. ˜ Her parents
were beaming approval as the train
pulled out of the station.
pull through
âûêàðàáêàòüñÿ (âûæèòü, îñòàòüñÿ â æèâûõ) ˜ The patient has very
serious injuries, but we have hopes
that he will pull through. ˜ Only after
several weeks were they certain that
she would pull through.
pull up
1. ïîäúåõàòü è îñòàíîâèòüñÿ ˜
The rain stopped as we pulled up to
the hotel. ˜ Braun shifted forward
and told the driver to pull up.
2. ïîäòÿíóòü(ñÿ), óëó÷øèòü 
You’ll have to pull up your English
to a higher standard if you want to
pass the examination.
3. ïðîïåñî÷èòü, îò÷èòàòü (îòðóãàòü)  The police pulled the driver
up for breaking the speed limit.
push off
(inf or sl)
îò÷àëèòü, îòâàëèòü, ñâàëèòü (óéòè,
óåõàòü) ˜ It’s time for us to push off.
˜ Push off at once! ˜ Well, I must
be pushing off now; it’s getting late.
push smth on (to) smb
ñïèõèâàòü, íàâàëèâàòü, íàâÿçûâàòü ˜ They’re pushing all the unpleasant, tiresome jobs on to the
new clerk. It isn’t fair. ˜ She’s
always pushing second helpings on
her guests. ˜ He hated insurance
salesmen trying to push an unwanted policy on him.
put across
äîíåñòè (ìûñëü, èäåþ), îáúÿñíèòü ˜ Try to put your explanation
across as simply as possible, so
that no one will have trouble with
technical terminology. ˜ Good
teachers are the ones who are able
to put things across well.
put away
(inf)
1. îòêëàäûâàòü, ýêîíîìèòü (î
äåíüãàõ) ˜ He puts a little away
every week for his grandchildren.
˜ You may want to put something
away for a rainy day.
2. óìÿòü, ñìîëîòèòü, çàãëîòèòü;
ïðèãîâîðèòü (ñúåñòü, âûïèòü) ˜
She put away three bars of chocolate and two cans of soda. ˜ I’ve
put away more white wine than is
good for my digestion.
put back
îòëîæèòü, ïåðåíåñòè; òîðìîçèòü;
òÿíóòü ñ ÷-ë ˜ The effect is to put
back the date of opening of the third
airport. ˜ These bills have to be put
back to a day when there will be time.
put down
1. ïîäàâèòü, óñìèðèòü, ïðåñå÷ü
˜ The troops easily put down the rebellion. ˜ The police are attempting
to put down violent crime in the city.
2. çàïèñàòü ˜ Make sure you put
down every word she says. ˜ All
you have to do is put down exactly
what we’ve just said. ˜ The policeman put down the names and addresses of the witnesses.
put off
(inf)
ïåðåíîñèòü, îòêëàäûâàòü; ìåäëèòü ˜ He had intended to put off
223
put on
seeing Daisy until after he had seen
Gertrude. ˜ Don’t put off going to
the dentist’s if you have toothache.
put on
1. íàäåâàòü îäåæäó  He put on
his coat and left the room.
2. ïðèòâîðÿòüñÿ, ïðèêèäûâàòüñÿ; íàïóñêàòü/äåëàòü âèä ˜ Anka
believed that his apology was insincere and that he was just putting
it on. ˜ Mary isn’t really ill; she’s
only putting on.
3. íàáèðàòü, ïðèáàâëÿòü (âåñ) 
Mary was thin from sickness, and
the doctor said she must put on ten
pounds.  If I put on another inch,
I shan’t be able to wear this dress.
4. ñòàâèòü (ïüåñó, ñïåêòàêëü) ˜
The students usually put on a play
at the end of the year. ˜ I hear
they’re putting on Shakespeare this
summer.
put oneself out
íàïðÿãàòüñÿ, íå æàëåòü ñåáÿ,
áðàòü íà ñåáÿ òðóä ˜ He is very
selfish. He wouldn’t put himself out
for anyone. ˜ Mother was always willing to put herself out to help people.
put out
1. ãàñèòü, òóøèòü (ñâåò, ïîæàð)
˜ Please, put out the light when
you leave the room. ˜ The firemen
put out the blaze.
2. âûïóñêàòü (èçäàâàòü); ïðîèçâîäèòü (òîâàð)  For years he had
put out a weekly newspaper.  The
firm has put out an increased
number of bicycles this month.
çàñëóæåííî êðèòèêîâàòü, ïðåíåáðåæèòåëüíî îòçûâàòüñÿ ˜ April
never gives her boss credit for
anything. She’s always putting him
down, although he’s a very competent
man. ˜ Why do you have to put me
down in front of everyone like that?
put smb off
(inf)
1. îòâëåêàòü, ìåøàòü ˜ The
baby’s screams put me off and
I couldn’t finish my homework. ˜
Little Jeannie began to tell the
guests some family secrets but
Father was able to put her off.
2. îòáèòü æåëàíèå/îõîòó; îòâðàùàòü; îòòîëêíóòü ˜ I wanted to
see the new play at the Grand, but
the newspaper review put me off.
˜ I was hungry, but the smell of
the bad meat put me off, and I didn’t
want my food. ˜ What put me off
him was the way he only talked
about himself.
3. âûçâàòü çàìåøàòåëüñòâî,
îáåñêóðàæèòü ˜ I was rather put
off by the shamelessness of his
proposal. ˜ The man slovenliness
put me off.
4. âûñàäèòü (èç òðàíñïîðòà) ˜
Could you put me off at the hospital,
please? ˜ Here is a bus which’ll put
you off at the end of our street.
put smb on
(Am inf)
ðàçûãðûâàòü ê-ë, ìîðî÷èòü
ãîëîâó, äóðà÷èòü ˜ In the USA, if
someone doesn’t believe you, they
might say, “You’re putting me on!”
˜ I don’t believe you, you’re just
putting me on.
put smb down
äåëàòü ïîñìåøèùå èç ê-ë, íå224
put smb out
1. îáðåìåíÿòü, óòðóæäàòü, íà-
rig up
ïðÿãàòü ˜ Don’t think you’re putting
her out in any way. She likes nothing
better. ˜ Will it put you out if
I borrow your pen?
2. âûâåñòè èç ñåáÿ, ðàçäðàæàòü
˜ His rudeness really put me out.
˜ Father was put out when Jane
spilled grape juice on his new suit.
put smb up to
íàäîóìèòü, íàâåñòè íà ìûñëü,
íàóñüêàòü ˜ Was it her own idea or
did someone put her up to it? ˜ I think
I know who put him up to cheating.
put smth down to smth
ïðèïèñàòü, îáúÿñíèòü, îòíåñòè
íà ñ÷åò ÷-ë ˜ I put his bad temper
down to his recent illness. ˜ Jim
puts his success down to hard work.
put up (at)
îñòàíîâèòüñÿ (ïåðåíî÷åâàòü) ˜
He always puts up at the Crown
Hotel when he’s in town. ˜ The traveller put up at a motel.
put up with
âûíîñèòü (òåðïåòü), ìèðèòüñÿ ñ ÷-ë
˜ The visitors could put up with any
amount of boredom. ˜ How do you
put up with that noise all day long?
R
rabbit on (about)
(inf)
ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ, ðàçãëàãîëüñòâîâàòü ˜ He’s always rabbiting on
about his stamp collection. ˜ She
keeps rabbiting on about her health.
rake in
rake it in
(inf)
ãðåñòè äåíüãè ëîïàòîé; çàðàáà-
òûâàòü áåøåíûå äåíüãè ˜ They’ve
got so many shops, they must be
raking it in! ˜ Building firms in Saudi
Arabia are raking it in at the moment.
 Too many people are raking in
large profits from the housing market.
rake up
(inf)
âîðîøèòü ïðîøëîå; âûòàñêèâàòü íà ñâåò ˜ Why did they have
to rake up those old stories? It was
obviously very embarrassing for
everyone concerned. ˜ Please,
don’t rake up that old quarrel.
rat on
(inf)
íàñòó÷àòü íà ê-ë, çàëîæèòü ê-ë,
äîíåñòè íà ê-ë ˜ If they got
caught, it wouldn’t be because of
Tom ratting on them. ˜ He ratted
on his best friend to the police.
rattle/reel off
îòòàðàáàíèòü (î âûó÷åííîì);
âûïàëèòü îäíèì äóõîì ˜ Listen
to Mary rattle off those numbers. ˜
I was always good on history dates
at school. I could reel dozens of
them off. ˜He could reel off the
names of the capitals of Europe.
rig out
(inf)
íàðÿäèòüñÿ, âûðÿäèòüñÿ (â íåîáû÷íóþ îäåæäó) ˜ People came
to the party rigged out as sailors,
policemen, characters from stories.
˜ He had rigged himself out as a
Red Indian.
rig up
ñâàðãàíèòü; ñëåïèòü; íàñïåõ
ñîîðóäèòü ˜ Some of the men had
rigged up tents with their ponchos.
˜ The first thing to do when you’re
225
rip into smb/smth
shipwrecked is to rig up some kind
of a shelter, and only afterwards
look for food.
rip into smb/smth
íàïàäàòü, íàáðàñûâàòüñÿ íà ê-ë;
îò÷èòûâàòü, ðóãàòü, êðèòèêîâàòü ˜
This successful politician never fails
to rip into his opponents, showing
the weakness of their argument. ˜
She ripped into her opponent’s voting
record. ˜ Ripping into the student’s
paper seemed to give the instructor a diabolical pleasure.
rip off
(inf sl)
îáîáðàòü êàê ëèïêó; îãðàáèòü ˜
Don’t buy anything at that shop – I’ve
been ripped off there a few times. ˜
Restaurants that use frozen fish and
charge for “fresh caught fish” are
ripping people off. ˜ The hippies
ripped off the grocery store.
roll in
(inf)
1. íàãðÿíóòü, ââàëèâàòüñÿ (íåîæèäàííî ïðèõîäèòü áåç ïðèãëàøåíèÿ) ˜ Greg never says he’s coming.
He just rolls in when he feels like.
˜ He rolled in, smoking a fag.
2. óêëàäûâàòüñÿ ñïàòü ˜ It’s time
to roll in. We’ll see you in the morning.
roll on
áåæàòü (î âðåìåíè); áûñòðî òå÷ü
˜ The years rolled on, but there
was still no improvement in his
health. ˜ Time’s rolling on.
root about/around
(inf)
êîïàòüñÿ, ðûòüñÿ, øàðèòü ˜
Total strangers might steal everything, root about among your things.
˜ The inhabitants were nervous of
having the bears rooting around
their dustbins.
root for
áîëåòü çà ê-ë ˜ Good luck in the
interview – I’ll be rooting for you. ˜
I’ve been rooting for you to get that
promotion.
root out
èñêîðåíèòü, ñ êîðíåì âûðâàòü;
èñòðåáèòü, ïîêîí÷èòü ñ ÷-ë ˜ The
government must make efforts to
root out ineffective parts of the system. ˜ He was determined to root
out corruption in his department.
rope in/into
(inf)
óëîìàòü (óãîâîðèòü) ˜ Fiona has
roped me in to serve the refreshments
at the golf club annual meeting. ˜
The salesman tried to rope us into
buying some worthless real estate.
rough in/out
íàêèäàòü, íàáðîñàòü â÷åðíå ˜
He roughed out several plans for a
merger. ˜ They roughed in where
the doors would go without checking with the architect.
round off
îêðóãëèòü ˜ Rounding it off, I expect the new school addition will
cost a million dollars. ˜ I round off
8.789 to 9.
rub in/into
rub it in
(inf)
1. ñûïàòü ñîëü íà ðàíó; ïîä÷åðêèâàòü (÷-ë íåïðèÿòíîå) ˜ How old
are you, Mr Sharpe? – All right, no
need to rub it in. ˜ I know I ruined
the performance, there’s no need
226
run off
to rub it in. ˜ She always rubs in
the fact that she graduated with
honours and I didn’t.
2. âäàëáëèâàòü/âáèâàòü â ãîëîâó;
êàïàòü íà ìîçãè ˜ The lesson of this
sad story should be well rubbed in.
˜ Parents often try to rub into their
children how much they owe to them.
rub out
(sl)
ïðèøèòü, ïðèêîí÷èòü, óáèòü ˜
They threatened to rub him out if
he didn’t pay up. ˜ The gangsters
rubbed out four policemen before
they were caught.
rub up (on)
(Am)
îñâåæèòü â ïàìÿòè, ïîâòîðèòü ˜
I must rub up on my French before
we leave for Paris.
run across
íàòêíóòüñÿ, íàòîëêíóòüñÿ ˜ I ran
across an excellent book on the
subject, in the public library. ˜ He
had not seen him for two days when
he ran across him at the Palace.
run away with
1. c ëåãêîñòüþ âûèãðàòü/ïîáåäèòü; îáñêàêàòü, îïåðåäèòü ˜ Her
sister ran away with every prize at
school. ˜ The film ran away with all
the important awards. ˜ Our team
ran away with the game in the last half.
2. çàõâàòèòü, óâëå÷ü(ñÿ), äàòü
âîëþ ÷óâñòâàì ˜ Now you’re letting your imagination run away with
you. The situation wasn’t all that
dangerous. ˜ They let their emotions run away with them.
run down
(inf)
1. òðåòèðîâàòü, êðèòèêîâàòü, ïðå-
íåáðåæèòåëüíî îòçûâàòüñÿ ˜
Suzy ran down the club because
the girls wouldn’t let her join. ˜ Don’t
run him down, he’s a talented actor.
˜ Why are you always running your
friends down?
2. èçíóðÿòü, âûìàòûâàòü ˜ In
spite of my holiday in the sun, I’ve
been run down recently. ˜ All these
years of hard work have run Mrs
Brown down severely.
3. ñáèòü, íàåõàòü; ïîâðåäèòü ˜
The poor boy has been run down
by a bus. ˜ The big ship had to
take urgent action to avoid running
down the little boat.
run for it
(sl)
óíîñèòü íîãè, äàâàòü ñòðåêà÷à
˜ Run for it, the police are coming!
˜ You’d better run for it before the
teacher catches you.
run in
çàãëÿíóòü, çàáåæàòü (ïîâèäàòüñÿ) ˜ If I have time, I’ll run in to
see Aunt Mary. ˜ Let’s run in and
see your relatives this afternoon.
run into
íàòêíóòüñÿ, ñòîëêíóòüñÿ; íàåõàòü ˜ You’ll never guess whom
I ran into on Fifth Avenue yesterday.
˜ Joe lost control of his bike and
ran into a tree.
run off
íàñòðî÷èòü; îòòàðàáàíèòü ˜ After
years of practice, he could run off a
sermon in a couple of hours. ˜ I
can run off the article that you want
in a few days.  He ran off the poem
like a machine-gun, showing no
understanding or sensitivity.
227
run out (of)
run out (of)
1. èñ÷åðïàòü çàïàñû; èññÿêíóòü,
êîí÷èòüñÿ ˜ The soldiers surrendered when their ammunition ran out.
˜ Do you, too, run out of money long
before the next payday? ˜ I can’t
give you coffee, we’ve run out of it.
2. èñòåêàòü, çàêàí÷èâàòüñÿ (î
ñðîêå) ˜ The contract runs out at
the end of the year and will have to
be renewed. ˜ Our renter’s insurance ran out last month.
run out on smb
áðîñèòü, îñòàâèòü, ïîêèíóòü ê-ë
˜ You know me well enough to know
I wouldn’t run out on you. ˜ You
can’t run out on your family at a time
like this.
run over
1. óáåæàòü (î ïðèãîòîâëåíèè
åäû); ïåðåëèòüñÿ ÷åðåç êðàé ˜
The soup ran over and made a
mess of the stove top. ˜ Turn the
tap off – the bath’s running over.
2. ïðîãíàòü, ïðîéòè (ðåïåòèðîâàòü) ˜ Let’s run over the second
act again. ˜ You could hear the
performers running over through the
whole programme in the background.
3. ïðîáåæàòü (ãëàçàìè), ïîâòîðèòü, ïðîñìîòðåòü ˜ Just run over
your notes, before the examination.
˜ Let’s run over this new list of
prices once more.
run smb in
(inf)
çàìåñòè; ñöàïàòü (ïîñàäèòü â
òþðüìó, àðåñòîâàòü) ˜The police
were to run him in, but he got away.
˜ You’ve no cause to run me in,
I’ve done nothing!
run through
ïðîìîòàòü (èñòðàòèòü äåíüãè) ˜
The rich man’s son quickly ran
through his money. ˜ She ran
through her allowance in no time.
rustle up
(inf)
ñâàðãàíèòü, ñîîáðàçèòü ÷-ë
ïîåñòü; ðàçäîáûòü ˜We don’t
have much in the fridge, but I think
I can rustle up something. ˜ I’ll try
and rustle you up something to eat.
˜Can you rustle up some more
players – two of the team are sick.
S
sack in/out
(Am inf)
èäòè íà áîêîâóþ, óêëàäûâàòüñÿ,
çàâàëèòüñÿ ñïàòü ˜ We sacked
out about midnight. ˜ When are
you boys going to sack in?
saddle with
íàâÿçûâàòü, íàâåøèâàòü (íåïðèÿòíûå ïîðó÷åíèÿ) ˜ I hate going to the airport to meet international
clients but I always get saddled with
it because I’m the one who can
speak three foreign languages. ˜
Jim saddled Eddy with the most boring jobs so that he would leave.
sail into
(Am sl)
íàáðîñèòüñÿ (ñëîâåñíî); îò÷èòàòü,
âûðóãàòü; «íàåõàòü» íà ê-ë ˜ I could
hear Mother sailing into the children
for bringing mud into the house. ˜
The speaker sailed into his opponents
showing the weakness of his
arguments in an unmistakable way.
228
schmaltz up
(Am inf)
âûäàâëèâàòü ñëåçó, äàâèòü íà
see through
æàëîñòü ˜ There is no need to
schmaltz it up.
score off
îñàäèòü, ïîñàäèòü â ãàëîøó
˜It’s not difficult to score off Jim
in an argument, because he can
never think of the right thing to say.
˜Teachers could not refrain from
scoring off some pupils.
scrape along/by
ïåðåáèâàòüñÿ (ñ õëåáà íà êâàñ);
åäâà ñâîäèòü êîíöû ñ êîíöàìè ˜
I can scrape along on a reduced
income for a short time, but not for
ever. ˜We have to scrape along
on our pensions. ˜ We scrape by,
but we never have much fun.
scrape through
ñäàòü ýêçàìåí íà «ãîñóäàðñòâåííóþ» îöåíêó (íà òðîéêó); åëååëå ñäàòü, ÷óòü íå çàâàëèòü ˜
I scraped through Chemistry. ˜ How
did Edith do in Maths? – She only
just scraped through. ˜ He was
lucky to scrape through because
he never did any work.
scrape together/up
íàñêðåñòè, íàêîïèòü ïî ìåëî÷àì
˜ By working hard, the villagers
scraped together enough money to
send the boy to hospital. ˜ He
scraped up the money to start his
Hollywood restaurant.
screw up
(inf Am sl)
íàïîðòà÷èòü, çàïîðîòü ÷-ë; èñïîðòèòü; çàâàëèòü ˜Don’t tell me
that John has screwed up his driving
test yet again! ˜ I really screwed
up this report.
see about
çàíÿòüñÿ ÷-ë/ê-ë; ïðèñìîòðåòü çà
÷-ë/ê-ë; ïîçàáîòèòüñÿ ˜Will you
see about putting the children to
bed? ˜ Excuse me, I must go and
see about dinner. ˜ I’ll see about
that boy as soon as I get back.
see off
ïðîâîäèòü ê-ë (â àýðîïîðòó, íà
âîêçàëå) ˜They came to the airport to see us off. ˜ All the parents were at the railway station seeing the children off to school.
see smb out
ïðîâîäèòü (äî äâåðåé) ˜ I’ll see
you out, or you may get lost in the
building. ˜ Don’t trouble to see me
out, I know the way.
see smth out/through
1. âûäåðæàòü; äîñèäåòü äî
êîíöà (ôèëüìà, ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ)
˜It was a rotten film, but we decided to see it out because the
tickets were so expensive. ˜ I’ll
see this film out now that I’ve started
watching it.
2. äîâåñòè äî êîíöà; çàâåðøèòü
˜ Now that we’ve spent so much time
planning the project, we’ll have to
see it through. ˜ We must see this
thing through now that we’ve started
it. ˜ Peter’s assignment was hard
but he saw it out to the end. ˜ The
course is terrible, but I’ll see it out
now that I’ve paid for it.
see through
âèäåòü íàñêâîçü ˜ I saw through
the salesman’s trick and refused
to buy his goods. ˜ He’s a poor
liar; anyone can see through him.
229
see smb through
see smb through
âûðó÷èòü; ïîääåðæàòü ìàòåðèàëüíî ˜ Do you think two hundred pounds will see him through,
or should I give him more? ˜ He
was a great friend of mine and saw
me through all the hard times.
see to
1. çàíÿòüñÿ, ïîçàáîòèòüñÿ î ê-ë;
îáñëóæèòü (êëèåíòà) ˜Will you see
to that customer, please? ˜While
Donna bought the theatre tickets,
I saw to the parking of the car.
2. ïî÷èíèòü, íàëàäèòü ˜The
man has come to see to the television set. ˜The electrician’s come
to see to the faulty switches.
seize on/upon
óõâàòèòüñÿ (çà ìûñëü, èäåþ,
âîçìîæíîñòü) ˜ This was one of
the points that he seized upon with
some force. ˜ He seized on any
excuse, no matter how far-fetched.
seize up
çàêëèíèòü (î ïàìÿòè); âûéòè èç
ñòðîÿ (î ìåõàíèçìå) ˜ At the job
interview my mind just seized up
and I couldn’t even remember where
I worked three years ago. ˜ My
minivan just seized up, and we
couldn’t get it started again.
sell out
ïðîäàòüñÿ (ïðåäàòü) ˜ The officer was charged with selling out to
the enemy. ˜ They thought of him
as one who had sold out and was
no longer to be regarded as a friend.
send up
(Am inf)
1. ïàðîäèðîâàòü (êàðèêàòóðíî
èìèòèðîâàòü) ˜ He walked behind
me so as to be able to send me up
for the amusement of passers-by.
˜ The students used to enjoy themselves by sending up the teacher’s
manner of speaking.
2. ïîñàäèòü â òþðüìó ˜ Did you
know that Milton Shaefer was sent
up for 15 years? – I’m the one who
sent him up. ˜ He was sent up for
3 years.
set about smb
(inf)
íàêèíóòüñÿ, íàáðîñèòüñÿ ˜
When I revealed the true facts, he
set about me in order to make my
story look ridiculous. ˜ The three
men set about him with their boots
and hands.
set about smth
ïðèíèìàòüñÿ, áðàòüñÿ çà ÷-ë;
íà÷èíàòü, ïðèñòóïàòü ê ÷-ë ˜ As
soon as she got home, she set
about preparing lunch. ˜ I wanted
to make a dress but I didn’t know
how to set about it. ˜ How do you
set about building a boat?
set back
òîðìîçèòü, çàäåðæèâàòü ˜ A war
would inevitably set back the process of reform. ˜ This hold-up will
set us back about three hours.
set smb back
(inf)
âëåòåòü â êîïåå÷êó ˜ That car
of yours looks as if it set you back,
Ted. ˜ The new house must have
set him back a few thousand!
set in
íàñòóïèòü, óñòàíîâèòüñÿ (î
ïîãîäå, ÿâëåíèÿõ ïðèðîäû) ˜ The
230
settle up
winter has set in very early this year
– snow in November. ˜ I’d like to
get home before darkness sets in.
set off/out
îòïðàâèòüñÿ/òðîíóòüñÿ â ïóòü,
ïîåçäêó ˜ He set off on another
of his European pleasure tours. ˜
She longed to set out for Europe,
to see England, her father’s country. ˜The children were always excited to set out on a camping trip.
set off
1. îòòåíÿòü, ïîä÷åðêèâàòü ˜ The
dress sets off her figure. ˜ The
black cloth sets off the jewels nicely.
2. âûçâàòü, ñïðîâîöèðîâàòü;
ïðèâåñòè ê ÷-ë ˜ Careless
handling of international relations
can set off a war. ˜ Don’t mention
the war or you’ll set Grandma off
reminiscing for hours.
set on/upon
1. íàáðîñèòüñÿ, íàïàñòü ˜ He
was passing by the front door, when
suddenly their dog set on him. ˜
The youth set on the old man and
robbed him.
2. ïîäñòðåêàòü ˜ The older boys
set on the younger ones to get in
trouble. ˜ I refuse to have that child
to the party, he always sets the
others on to misbehave.
set smb up
1. ïîäñòàâèòü (ïîä óäàð) ˜
I know nothing about the stolen
money. Don’t you see? I’ve been set
up! ˜ The thief tried to set his companion up for punishment, but he
too was caught and tried.
2. ïîñòàâèòü íà íîãè; ïîïðàâèòü
çäîðîâüå; âîññòàíîâèòü ñèëû ˜
You need a holiday to set you up
again after all that hard work. ˜
This fine air sets me up.
set to
(inf)
1. âçÿòüñÿ/ïðèíèìàòüñÿ çà äåëî;
ïðèñòóïèòü ˜ Find a spade and set
to, there’s a lot of work to do in the
garden. ˜ I cleaned my room, then
I set to help my parents.
2. ñöåïèòüñÿ (â ñïîðå, äðàêå) ˜
The two brothers set to and fought
bitterly. ˜ For a minute, it looked
as if they’d set to, but things
calmed down.
set up (for)
âûäàâàòü ñåáÿ çà ê-ë; ïðåòåíäîâàòü ˜ He doesn’t set himself
up to be an experienced painter, but
his work is pleasing to the eye. ˜
I don’t set up for an aristocracy.
settle down
1. îñòåïåíèòüñÿ ˜ Harry is 40
already. I don’t think he’ll ever
settle down. ˜ John will settle
down after he gets a job and gets
married.
2. îáîñíîâàòüñÿ; óäîáíî óñòðîèòüñÿ, ðàñïîëîæèòüñÿ ˜ The
Grants have lived in several parts
of England, but they’d like to settle
down in Norfolk. ˜ Father settled
down with the newspaper.
3. âçÿòüñÿ, ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà ÷-ë ˜
I’ve been trying to read this book
all day, but somehow I can’t settle
down to it properly.
settle up
ðàññ÷èòàòüñÿ ˜ I owe you some
money for the drinks, so we’ll set-
231
shack up with smb
tle up at lunch. ˜ I’d like to settle
up with all the tradesmen before we
leave town.
beginning to shape up. ˜ The campaign is shaping up as one of the most
intensive sales campaigns ever.
shack up with smb
(sl)
ñîéòèñü ñ ê-ë, ñïóòàòüñÿ ˜ She
told me that her husband had left her
and shacked up with some rich woman
who calls herself an artist. ˜ I’ll shack
up with my boyfriend whether my
parents like it or not – it’s my own life.
shell out
(inf)
ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ; îòñòåãíóòü (íåîõîòíî âûëîæèòü äåíüãè) ˜ The
traffic ticket turned out to be very
expensive. I had to shell out $150.
˜ We had to shell out a lot of
money to have the house insulated.
˜ Recruiters will shell out piles of
cash to buy up young talents from
Latin America.
shake down
(Am inf)
1. âûòðÿõèâàòü äåíüãè (çàíèìàòüñÿ ðýêåòîì) ˜ The gangsters
shook the store owner down every
month. ˜This looks like a good
neighbourhood, we can shake
down every small shopkeeper in the
street for at least $100.
2. ïðî÷åñàòü, îáøàðèòü, îáûñêàòü  They shook down all the
passengers, looking for drugs. 
The police had to shake down every
building in the street before they
found the gunman.
shake off
îòâÿçàòüñÿ, îòäåëàòüñÿ îò ê-ë ˜
I was never good at shaking off
panhandlers who gave me a plausible story. ˜ When Helen gets
me on the telephone, it’s never easy
to shake her off.
shake up
(inf)
ïîòðÿñòè (ðàññòðîèòü, îãîð÷èòü)
˜ Father’s rather shaken up about
the prospect of losing his pension.
˜ The bad news shook me up.
shape up
(inf)
âûðèñîâûâàòüñÿ, ñêëàäûâàòüñÿ
(îá îáñòîÿòåëüñòâàõ) ˜ The plan is
shine up to
(Am)
çàèñêèâàòü, ëåáåçèòü; ðàññûïàòüñÿ ìåëêèì áåñîì (ñòàðàòüñÿ
óãîäèòü) ˜ It won’t do the student
any good to shine up to the teacher
like that, he will only get the marks
he deserves. ˜ Smedley shines
up to all the pretty girls.
shoot at/for
(Am)
ìåòèòü, íàöåëèâàòüñÿ (ñòðåìèòüñÿ ê ÷-ë) ˜ There’s no harm in
shooting at the directorship, but
I think you’re too inexperienced for
the job. ˜ We’re shooting for higher
production by spring.
shoot up
(sl)
1. âçëåòåòü, ïîäñêî÷èòü (óâåëè÷èòüñÿ, âûðàñòè) ˜ Prices have
been shooting up even more quickly
this year. ˜ Nancy began to run a
fever, which eventually shot up to
40 degrees.
2. êîëîòüñÿ (ââîäèòü íàðêîòèêè
âíóòðèâåííî) ˜ A heroine addict
will shoot up as often as he can.
˜The police caught him shooting
up and arrested him.
232
sing out
shout down
çàòêíóòü ðîò ê-ë (êðèêàìè çàñòàâèòü ìîë÷àòü); ïåðåêðèêèâàòü ˜
The Labour candidate was shouted
down by the angry crowd. ˜
Please, let me speak, don’t shout
me down without giving me a fair
chance to express my opinion.
shove off
(sl)
îò÷àëèâàòü, ñâàëèâàòü (óõîäèòü)
˜ Katya told him to shove off and
stop bothering her. ˜ We can’t stay
any longer, we’ll have to shove off.
shovel down/in
(inf)
íàâàëèâàòüñÿ íà åäó, óìèíàòü,
óïëåòàòü ˜ It’s rude to shovel your
food down like that – try to eat more
slowly and less noisily. ˜ Don’t
shovel your food in like that, it’s
rude to eat so quickly.
show off
ïóñêàòü ïûëü â ãëàçà; ðèñîâàòüñÿ ˜ He was afraid the others might
think he was showing off or being
superior. ˜ Joe hasn’t missed a
chance to show off his muscles
since that pretty girl moved in next
door.
show smb up
ñòàâèòü â íåëîâêîå ïîëîæåíèå
˜ Pam’s children showed her up in
a restaurant by spilling fruit juice
and food over the table. ˜ Please
don’t argue with me in front of our
guests, it shows me up.
show up
(Am inf)
1. ÿâèòüñÿ (ïðèéòè, ïðèáûòü) ˜
He promised to come on Tuesday
but he never showed up. ˜ Only
thirty members showed up for the
yearly General Meeting.
2. îñòàâèòü äàëåêî ïîçàäè; ïðåâçîéòè ˜ John’s high score on that
Math test really showed up the rest
of the class.
shut out
1. îòãîíÿòü ìûñëè ˜ After the
move she couldn’t shut out the
thoughts of her former neighbourhood. ˜ How can I shut out
such harmful thoughts?
2. îáûãðàòü «âñóõóþ» ˜ The
Dodgers shut out the Reds 5:0. ˜
The Orioles’ pitcher shut the Red
Fox out in a 7:0 victory.
shut up
(inf)
çàòêíóòüñÿ; çàìîë÷àòü ˜ Everybody shuts up as soon as you mention it. ˜ Oh, shut up about yourself!
side with
âñòàòü íà ÷-ë ñòîðîíó; ïîääåðæèâàòü ˜ Why do you side with your
mother? She was at fault, not me. ˜
The Armenians traditionally side with
the Greeks against the Turks.
simmer down
(inf)
îñòûòü; óñïîêîèòüñÿ ˜ Tom got
mad, but soon simmered down. ˜
The others sat around, giving me
time to simmer down; someone
handed me a water-bottle.
sing along
ïîäïåâàòü ˜ When she switches
to a Latin-rhythm version of “Sunshine Superman”, Leroy sings along.
233
sing out
âûêðèêíóòü, çàâîïèòü; ïðîêðè-
sink in
÷àòü ˜ A voice at the back sang
out that there were not enough members present for a vote. ˜ When
you are ready to leave, just sing out.
movie. ˜ We didn’t enjoy the play,
but we sat it out. ˜ I decided to sit
out the rest of the film although I
wasn’t especially enjoying it.
sink in
óêëàäûâàòüñÿ â ãîëîâå; äîéòè
(ïîíÿòü, ñîîáðàçèòü, îñîçíàòü) ˜
The fact that Ming was dead didn’t
sink in with his family until the next
day. ˜ When Frank heard that war
had started, it didn’t sink in for a
long time until his father was drafted
into the army.
sit up
(inf)
1. çàñèæèâàòüñÿ (äîïîçäíà) ˜
I sat up until midnight writing letters.
˜ Mother, please don’t sit up for me.
I don’t like to think that you’re
worrying about me.
2. îæèâèòüñÿ, âñòðåïåíóòüñÿ,
çàèíòåðåñîâàòüñÿ ˜ Jane really
sat up when I told the gossip about
Tom. ˜ The unexpected news
made him sit up.
sit back/by
ñèäåòü ñëîæà ðóêè; îñòàâàòüñÿ
â ñòîðîíå; áûòü áåçó÷àñòíûì ˜
He’s the sort of person who never
helps, just sits back and lets
others work. ˜ I can’t just sit by
and let her get in trouble.
sit on/upon
êëàñòü ïîä ñóêíî (îòêëàäûâàòü
ðàññìîòðåíèå) ˜ The shop has
been sitting on my complaint for
more than a month. ˜ Are those
people still sitting on your letter?
It’s time you had a reply!
sit on smb
(inf)
îäåðíóòü, ïîñòàâèòü íà ìåñòî ˜
That new assistant is very selfopinionated. If someone doesn’t sit
on him soon, I will!
sit out/through
ïåðåñèäåòü, ïåðåæèäàòü (äîæäàòüñÿ îêîí÷àíèÿ); âûñèäåòü,
äîñèäåòü äî êîíöà ˜ We spent
two more days there sitting out the
bad weather. ˜ You can’t expect
small children to sit through a long
size up
ðàñêóñèòü, ñîñòàâèòü ìíåíèå;
îöåíèòü ñèòóàöèþ ˜ I can’t quite
size him up, he’s a bit of a mystery
to me. ˜ Give Joe an hour to size
up the situation and he’ll tell you
what to do next.
skate over/round
îïóñêàòü, èçáåãàòü; íå êàñàòüñÿ ÷-ë
˜ Women prefer to skate over the
issue of sexual preference. ˜ He concentrated on the main points of the
contract and skated over the details.
slam down
øâûðíóòü (áðîñèòü) ˜ She
slammed down the phone when
she heard who was speaking. ˜
He slammed down the letter and
walked angrily out of the office.
slave away
âêàëûâàòü, ïàõàòü, áàòðà÷èòü
(ðàáîòàòü) ˜ I’m sitting pretty in a
nice house and you’re left slaving
away teaching a lot of nasty little
234
snap at/up
children the ABC. ˜ Joseph slaved
away at cutting the grass. ˜ Poor
James was still slaving away at the
chopping-block.
sleep on smth
óòðî âå÷åðà ìóäðåíåå; îòêëàäûâàòü ðåøåíèå (äî óòðà) ˜ Are you
sure you don’t want to sleep on it?
You may have changed your mind
by tomorrow. ˜ Don’t worry about
making a decision now; sleep on
it, and let us know in the morning
what you want to do.
sleep through
(Am)
ïðîìîðãàòü, ïðîñëóøàòü, ïðîçåâàòü ˜ We all slept through the
explanation and then had trouble
getting the machine started.
slip up
(inf)
ëÿïíóòü (ñêàçàòü íåâïîïàä), ïðîìàõíóòüñÿ (äîïóñòèòü îøèáêó) ˜
I slipped up several times at the
interview and didn’t get the job. ˜
She’s slipped up in the calculations.
slouch about/around
ñëîíÿòüñÿ áåç äåëà ˜ Ever since
he lost his job, he’s done nothing
but slouch unhappily around the
house. ˜ She slouched about in a
dressing gown.
slow down
1. ñáðîñèòü ãàç, ïðèòîðìîçèòü
˜ I told him several times to slow
down but he paid no attention. ˜
The road was slippery, so Mr Jones
slowed down the car.
2. ñêèíóòü îáîðîòû (óìåíüøèòü
íàãðóçêó); ñòàòü ìåíåå àêòèâíûì
˜ Gerald has slowed down consi-
derably since his heart attack. ˜
The doctor advised Jim to slow down
for a time, to give his heart a chance.
smell out
âû÷èñëèòü; îáíàðóæèòü; ïðîíþõàòü ˜ The detective smelled out
the criminal’s hiding place. ˜
Maggie could smell out evildoers
and cast spells on them.
smoke out
(Am inf)
1. âûóäèòü èíôîðìàöèþ; ðàçóçíàòü, ðàçûñêàòü ˜ It took the
reporter three weeks to smoke out
the whole story. ˜ Reporters thrive
on smoking out a scandal.
2. âûêóðèòü (âûãíàòü, çàñòàâèòü
óéòè) ˜ The few remaining enemy
soldiers can easily be smoked out
of their hiding place. ˜ The boys
smoked a squirrel out of a hollow tree.
smooth over
çàãëàäèòü, ñãëàäèòü ˜ Bill tried
to smooth over his argument with
Mary by making her laugh. ˜
Perhaps a gift of flowers will help
to smooth your quarrel over.
snap at/up
(inf)
1. óõâàòèòüñÿ (çà ïðåäëîæåíèå,
âîçìîæíîñòü); íå óïóñòèòü ˜
I would snap at the chance of going
to China for a year. ˜ There was a
time when Morris would have snapped
up a chance like this. ˜ Mr Hayes
told Bob that he would take him
skiing, and Bob snapped up the offer.
2. ñõâàòèòü, ðàñõâàòàòü (áûñòðî
êóïèòü, íå çàäóìûâàÿñü) ˜ This
antique clock was a real bargain,
so I snapped it up. ˜ Of course
I snapped up the coat at that cheap
235
sneeze at
price. ˜ All the bargains in the sale
had been snapped up before we got
there.
sneeze at
(inf)
îòìàõíóòüñÿ (îòêàçàòüñÿ, ïðåíåáðå÷ü) ˜ A year’s research in Silicon Valley! It’s an opportunity not
to be sneezed at! ˜ Is $1,000 anything to sneeze at?
snitch on smb
(sl)
ñòó÷àòü (äîíîñèòü íà ê-ë) ˜ I’m
afraid John will snitch on me for my
cutting classes. ˜ The children considered it a crime to snitch on one of
their own group to the teacher.
snow under
(usu passive)
çàñûïàòü (ïèñüìàìè), çàâàëèòü
(ðàáîòîé) ˜ I’ve been snowed under
by reports from over 200 organizations. ˜ The factory received so
many orders that it was snowed under with work. ˜ The disabled girl
was snowed under with Christmas
letters.
soak oneself in
îêóíóòüñÿ ñ ãîëîâîé; ñ ãîëîâîé
óéòè ˜ Only by soaking yourself
in the details can you gain a
thorough understanding of the subject. ˜ I soaked myself in the
works of Dickens and George Eliot.
soak up
âïèòûâàòü êàê ãóáêà ˜ The child
is exceptionally gifted. I’ve never
seen a child soak knowledge so
eagerly. ˜ He was such an eager
student that he soaked up knowledge as fast as the teachers could
supply it.
soften up
óìàñëèòü, çàäîáðèòü ˜ I have
to soften Dad up. I need another
loan. ˜ I wondered if there was any
hope of softening him up.
sort out
ïðèâåñòè â ïîðÿäîê; óëàäèòü
ïðîáëåìó/îòíîøåíèÿ; óòðÿñòè ˜
The new clerk spent hours sorting
out the files. ˜ It’s up to the director to sort out difficulties like this
one. ˜ Jim and Mary must be left
to sort out their own affairs – it
doesn’t concern anyone else.
sort smb out
(inf)
äàòü âçáó÷êó, çàäàòü ïåðöó,
ðàçîáðàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë ˜ If you two don’t
get this room cleaned up, I’ll come
over there and sort you out! ˜ Wait
till I get you outside, and I’ll sort
you out!
sound off
(inf)
ðàñïðîñòðàíÿòüñÿ (ãðîìêî âîçìóùàòüñÿ èëè æàëîâàòüñÿ) ˜
Dad’s always sounding off about
higher taxes. ˜ George sounded
off about how the game should have
been played.
sound out
çîíäèðîâàòü/ïðîùóïûâàòü ïî÷âó ˜ Alfred sounded out his boss
about a day off from his job. ˜ Let’s
sound out the staff before we
decide which week we should close
for vacation.
spell out
(inf)
ðàçæåâàòü (ïîäðîáíî îáúÿñíèòü); ïðîÿñíèòü ˜ But the doctor had merely been spelling it all
236
stand for
out for us. ˜ We asked her to spell
out her objectives.
splash out on smth
(inf)
ðàçîðèòüñÿ; ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ ˜ We
splashed out on a colour television.
˜ The Wilsons certainly splashed out
on their daughter’s wedding.
split up
ïîðâàòü (îòíîøåíèÿ), ðàçîéòèñü
˜ Julia decided that the only solution was to split up with James. ˜
After three years of marriage, the
unhappy couple finally split up.
sponge off/on
ñèäåòü íà øåå ˜ She found it distasteful the way Clarissa sponged on
them. ˜ Before I knew what had happened, the boy had moved in, and
sponged off us for over two weeks!
spur on
ïîäñòåãèâàòü, âäîõíîâëÿòü ˜ It
was personal ambition that spurred
him on. ˜ The thought of winning a
Pulitzer prize spurred the reporter on.
square up (with)
(inf)
ðàññ÷èòàòüñÿ (çàïëàòèòü äîëã/ïî
ñ÷åòó) ˜ Give me a minute to square
up, and I’ll meet you outside the
hotel. ˜ Don’t worry about the damage, I promise to square it up.
square up to
òðåçâî ñìîòðåòü íà âåùè/îöåíèâàòü ñèòóàöèþ ˜ Marilyn finished
her coffee, straightened her
shoulders and squared up to what
she had done. ˜ The only way is to
square up to your difficulties and not
try to escape them.
squat down
ñåñòü íà êîðòî÷êè ˜ The children
squatted down to draw on the sand.
squeak by/through
1. ïðîñêî÷èòü (÷óäîì ñäàòü ýêçàìåí); ñäàòü åëå-åëå/íà òðîå÷êó ˜
Some of you deserved to succeed,
and others only squeaked through.
˜ Henry squeaked through his
Chemistry exam.
2. ïåðåáèâàòüñÿ ˜ They are just
squeaking by on their income.
stand by
1. íå áðîñàòü, ïîääåðæèâàòü,
ïîìîãàòü ˜ She’s my friend and
I’ll stand by her, no matter what. ˜
Some people blamed Harry when
he got into trouble, but Joe stood
by him.
2. äåðæàòü ñëîâî, îáåùàíèå ˜
I’m going to stand by what I said
yesterday. ˜ Can the government
stand by its promise to reduce
taxes?
3. ñèäåòü ñëîæà ðóêè; áåçäåéñòâîâàòü ˜ I can’t stand by
and see these kids shoplifting. ˜
How can a crowd stand by while a
woman is attacked and robbed?
stand for
1. âûíîñèòü, òåðïåòü, ìèðèòüñÿ
˜ She refuses to stand for his impoliteness any longer. ˜ Why do
you stand for such bad working
conditions? ˜ I won’t stand for
hearing any more of your complaints!
2. îçíà÷àòü, ñèìâîëèçèðîâàòü ˜
The owl stands for wisdom. ˜ The
stars and stripes stand for our
country.
237
stand in for
stand in for
çàìåíÿòü, çàìåùàòü ê-ë (íà íåïðîäîëæèòåëüíîå âðåìÿ) ˜
I didn’t know you worked in this
department. – I don’t. I’m just
standing in for a colleague. ˜ Can
you stand in for me at the
meeting?
stand out
áðîñàòüñÿ â ãëàçà, âûäåëÿòüñÿ
˜ He is a tall, distinguished-looking
man who stands out in any crowd.
˜ The house stood out because of
its unusual shape. ˜ Red always
stands out among other colours.
stand out against
ðåøèòåëüíî âîçðàæàòü, âûñòóïàòü ïðîòèâ, íå ñîãëàøàòüñÿ ˜
He alone stood out against the
hunting of whales. ˜ The one juror
is standing out against a guilty
verdict.
stand over
ñòîÿòü íàä äóøîé, ñëåäèòü ˜ I
hate to cook when you’re standing
over me. ˜ Ted’s mother had to
stand over him to get him to do his
homework.
stand up for
(inf)
âñòàòü íà çàùèòó, âñòóïèòüñÿ;
îòñòàèâàòü ˜ If you don’t stand up
for your rights, no one else will do it
for you. ˜ Paul always stands up
for what he thinks is right.
start in (on)
ïðèíèìàòüñÿ, áðàòüñÿ çà ÷-ë
 We went back into the livingroom and started in on breakfast.
 He started in drinking again.
stash away
çàíà÷èòü (òàéêîì îòêëàäûâàòü),
ïðÿòàòü ˜ This man plundered the
country’s treasury and stashed
away huge sums in foreign banks.
˜ He has some bottles of beer
stashed away where his wife won’t
discover them.
stay in
ñèäåòü äîìà ˜ We stay in almost every night and watch the television. ˜ Who wants to stay in on
such a beautiful day?
stand up
íîñèòüñÿ (îá îäåæäå) ˜ Do you
think this dress material will stand
up well under such conditions? ˜
Wool stands up better than silk.
stay up
çàñèæèâàòüñÿ äîïîçäíà (íå
ëîæèòüñÿ ñïàòü) ˜ He stays up
every night until after one o’clock
preparing his homework. ˜
Please don’t stay up for me, I may
be late. ˜ They seem to stay up
until the parents themselves go
to bed.
stand smb up
(inf)
ïîäâåñòè, ïðîêàòèòü (íå ïðèéòè
íà ñâèäàíèå) ˜ I had a date for
lunch with her, but she stood me
up. ˜ Jim said he’d be at the station, but he stood me up!
steal away
óëèçíóòü, óñêîëüçíóòü, ñáåæàòü
˜ He sat in the back row so he
could steal away if the lecture got
dull. ˜ They stole away to the seaside.
238
stick up for
steal up (on)
èäòè êðàäó÷èñü, ïðîêðàñòüñÿ ˜
“Nice view,” said the youth, who had
stolen up silently behind him. ˜
The jewel thief stole up on the
house without being seen.
steam up
çàïîòåòü (î ñòåêëå) ˜ Her spectacles had steamed up and she
couldn’t see.
step down
ïîäàòü â îòñòàâêó, óéòè íà ïîêîé
˜ He threatened to step down if they
continue to argue with him. ˜ He
has agreed to step down from his
post as club manager.
step on it
(inf usu imper)
äàòü ãàçó, ïðèáàâèòü õîäó ˜
Step on it, we haven’t all day to
waste. ˜ Step on it, the plane
leaves in half an hour.
step up
óñêîðèòü òåìï; óâåëè÷èòü, ïîâûñèòü ˜ If we’re going to finish the
text-book this term, we’ll have to
step up our reading. ˜ We’ve got
to step up production.
stick at it if you want to succeed.
˜ He probably wouldn’t stick at
murder to get what he wants.
stick by/to
ñòîÿòü çà ê-ë; áûòü âåðíûì; ïîääåðæèâàòü ˜ The brothers said
they’d stick by one another, no
matter what. ˜ Phyllis promised
to stick to Bert.
stick out
òîð÷àòü, âûñîâûâàòüñÿ; âûäåëÿòüñÿ ˜ I could see one end of
the letter sticking out of John’s
pocket. ˜ Dad’s funny hat made
him stick out in the crowd.
stick out
stick it out
òåðïåòü, âûíîñèòü ˜ I know you
don’t like it but you have to stick
out the job for another month. ˜
His new play’s boring, but since he’s
my cousin we’d better stick it out.
stick around
(inf)
áîëòàòüñÿ, òîð÷àòü, îøèâàòüñÿ;
ïîáûòü; îñòàòüñÿ ˜ Tourists
outside Buckingham Ðalace stick
around to see a royal coming or
going. ˜ Maybe I’ll just stick around
here a while. ˜ Mike wanted me to
stick around for a couple of days.
stick up
(inf)
1. îãðàáèòü (óãðîæàÿ îðóæèåì) ˜
The gang concentrated on sticking
up liquor stores and gas stations.
˜ In the old West, outlaws sometimes stuck up the stage-coaches.
2. òîð÷àòü ˜ Your hair is sticking
up in the back. ˜ You see that
branch sticking up out of the water?
3. ïîâåñèòü, âûâåñèòü (îáúÿâëåíèå), íàêëåèòü, ðàñêëåèòü ˜ Will
you stick up this announcement on
the bulletin board? ˜ They stick up
pictures of women all round the room.
stick at
íå îñòàíàâëèâàòüñÿ íè ïåðåä
÷åì; èäòè íàïðîëîì ˜ You must
stick up for
ïîñòîÿòü çà ê-ë; âñòàòü íà çàùèòó;
âñòóïèòüñÿ ˜ You’ve got to learn to
239
sting for
stick up for yourself, not only for others. ˜ I stuck up for him and said I
had always found him to be honest.
sting for
(sl)
ñîäðàòü, ñíÿòü (ëèøíèå äåíüãè);
îáëàïîøèòü ˜ The seller stung me
for 50 bucks for a dress not more
than thirty. ˜ How much did they
sting you for that pair of boots?
stir up
ïîäõëåñòíóòü, ðàñøåâåëèòü, áóäîðàæèòü, ðàçáóäèòü ˜ The
coach’s pep talk stirred up the
team to win. ˜ He’s always trying
to stir up everyone with his arguments about politics. ˜ The opposition are trying to stir up feelings
of dissatisfaction among the
voters.
stop by/in (on)
çàñêî÷èòü, çàãëÿíóòü, çàáåæàòü
(íà ìèíóòêó) ˜ On my way home,
I plan to stop in on a sick friend. ˜
I just stopped in to say hello. ˜
I hope you’ll stop by this afternoon.
stow away
óïëåòàòü, óïèñûâàòü (î åäå),
ñìîëîòèòü ˜ Have you seen the
amount of food those children can
stow away at one meal? ˜ Bob sure
can stow away a lot in a short time.
string along
âîäèòü çà íîñ, îáìàíûâàòü ˜
Lynn doesn’t care much for Luke.
I have the feeling that she’s just
stringing him along until she finds
someone else. ˜ He has no intention of marrying her, he’s just stringing her along.
stumble across/on/upon
íàáðåñòè, íàòêíóòüñÿ; îáíàðóæèòü ˜ I stumbled across this old
photograph in the back of the
drawer. ˜ I stumbled on a real bargain at the bookstore last week.
stump up
ðàñêîøåëèòüñÿ; íåîõîòíî âûëîæèòü äåíüãè ˜ I had to stump up $25
for a suitable present. ˜ We’ve done
the work but the customer won’t stump
up. ˜ We had to stump up a lot of
money to have the house insulated.
suck in/into
(inf)
1. âòÿíóòü (â äåÿòåëüíîñòü) ˜
They sucked me into helping them
raise money. ˜ The government
does not want to be sucked into
another messy and expensive war.
2. íàäóòü, îáìàíóòü; îáëàïîøèòü
˜ That used-car salesman sucked
in my Uncle and Aunt. ˜ You were
properly sucked in that time, weren’t
you?
swear off
áðîñèòü (äóðíóþ ïðèâû÷êó) ˜
I’ve sworn off alcohol for the time
being. ˜ “Swearing off smoking
would be the smart thing to do,” the
doctor advised.
swear by
ñâÿòî âåðèòü; âûñîêî ñòàâèòü ˜
Grandfather swears by rum as the
only medicine for a cold. ˜ Have
you tried their new moisturizer?
Polly swears by it.
swell up
ïåðåïîëíÿòü(ñÿ) (î ÷óâñòâàõ);
ðàñïèðàòü ˜ His heart swelled up
240
take in
when he learned that he had won the
prize. ˜ Mary swelled up with pride
as she watched Jim receive his prize.
and I take it all back. ˜ I take
back my unkind remarks, I see that
they were not justified.
switch off
îòêëþ÷èòüñÿ (îñëàáèòü âíèìàíèå)
˜ The phonology lecture was boring,
so I switched off half-way through. ˜
Whenever he starts in on economics,
I switch off automatically.
take down
(inf)
1. ñíÿòü (ñâåðõó), óáðàòü ˜ She’s
going to take down those curtains
and put up different ones. ˜ He was
prosecuted for refusing to take the
sign down.
2. ñáèòü ñïåñü, ïîñòàâèòü íà ìåñòî ˜ Bob thought he was a good
wrestler, but Henry took him down.
3. çàïèñàòü (ïîä äèêòîâêó) ˜ I will
tell you how to get to my place; you
had better take it down. ˜ Please
take down all these price quotations.
T
take after
ïîéòè â ê-ë; èäòè ïî ñòîïàì ê-ë
˜ The boy takes after his father,
he has the same red hair, big feet,
and quick temper. ˜ Bill took after
his uncle and began working as a
volunteer for the Red Cross.
take apart
1. ðàçîáðàòü (íà ÷àñòè) ˜ It is
much easier to take a clock apart
than to put it together again. ˜ Their
tasks include taking apart and reassembling large bits of furniture.
2. ðàçíåñòè â ïóõ è ïðàõ, ðàñêðèòèêîâàòü ˜ The teacher embarrassed Tom by taking his thesis
apart in front of the class. ˜ Ted’s
latest book was taken apart by the
newspapers.
3. ðàçîðâàòü â êëî÷üÿ/íà ÷àñòè;
îñòàâèòü ìîêðîå ìåñòî ˜ An
experienced fighter like that should
be able to take his young opponent
apart in a few rounds. ˜ You’d
better be careful; those boys will
take you apart.
take back
âçÿòü (ñâîè) ñëîâà íàçàä/îáðàòíî ˜ I called you an opportunist,
take for
ïðèíèìàòü çà ê-ë, ñ÷èòàòü ê-ë ˜
Do you take me for a fool? ˜ At
first sight you would take him for a
football player, not a poet.
take in
(inf)
1. ïðîâåñòè, îäóðà÷èòü, îêîëïà÷èòü ˜ That poor widow was taken
in by the security salesman’s
smooth talk and gave him all her
savings. ˜ Even after years of close
acquaintance he could take you in.
2. âçÿòü ê-ë íà ïîñòîé, äàòü
ïðèþò ˜ Mrs Lawson is considering taking in students next year. ˜
Some of the local people take in
students to add to their income.
3. çàáðàòü, óøèòü (îá îäåæäå)
˜ This dress is too big at the waist.
It needs taking in a little. ˜ I’ve
lost so much weight that I’ve had
to take in all my clothes.
4. ïîíÿòü, ðàçîáðàòüñÿ, ïîëíîñòüþ îñîçíàòü ˜ I couldn’t take in
all that French dialogue in the
241
take (it) out of
movie. ˜ He took in the situation
at a glance.
5. îñìîòðåòü (äîñòîïðèìå÷àòåëüíîñòè); ïîñåòèòü ˜ We want
to take in all the sights. ˜ We
planned to take in Niagara Falls
and Yellowstone Park on our trip.
take (it) out of
(inf)
èçìîòàòü (ôèçè÷åñêè) ˜ A fiveblock walk in that heat could take
it out of you. ˜ This construction
job really takes it out of me.  I
find that people take so much out
of me.
take (it) out on smb
(inf)
âûìåùàòü (çëîñòü, ðàçäðàæåíèå) ˜ I know you’re furious about
the affair at the office, but you
shouldn’t take your anger out on
your family. ˜ If you’ve had an annoying day at the office, there’s no
need to take it out on your wife
when you get home.
take off
1. ñíèìàòü (îäåæäó)  The boy
took off his clothes and put on his
pajamas.
2. ñáðîñèòü (âåñ) ˜ I took off
three pounds last week! ˜ I’m so
pleased that I’ve been able to take
off all that weight and get into my
good clothes again!
3. ïîäðàæàòü, ïåðåäðàçíèâàòü,
ïàðîäèðîâàòü (÷-ë ðå÷ü è ìàíåðû)
˜He had a way of taking off the
governor that made us howl with
laughter. ˜ He made a career of
taking off famous people for nightclub audiences.
4. ïîäíÿòüñÿ (î ñàìîëåòå), âçëåòåòü ˜ A helicopter is able to take
off and land straight up or down. ˜
The airplane took off on time.
5. ñíÿòü (ïüåñó ñ ðåïåðòóàðà) ˜
The play was taken off after only
three performances. ˜ “My Fair
Lady” was taken off when it was at
the peak of its success.
6. ñîâåðøèòü íåîæèäàííûé
âçëåò; ñäåëàòü ñòðåìèòåëüíóþ
êàðüåðó ˜ That actor’s career has
really taken off.
take on
(inf)
1. áðàòü/íàíèìàòü íà ðàáîòó ˜
Is the supermarket taking on any
more assistants? ˜ They took me
on because I was a good mathematician.
2. ïîòåðÿòü ãîëîâó (îò ñ÷àñòüÿ
èëè ãîðÿ); ãîðÿ÷èòüñÿ, ñåðäèòüñÿ
˜ At the news of her husband’s
death she took on like a madwoman. ˜ Don’t take on so, he’ll
soon come back.
take out
1. âûâåñòè (óäàëèòü ïÿòíà è
ò.ä.) ˜ I need something that will
take out these ink stains. ˜
There’s a nasty mark on the
tablecloth, and I don’t think the
usual washing powder will take it
out.
2. ïîâåñòè, ïðèãëàñèòü êóäàíèáóäü ˜ He’s been taking out a
different girl every night of the week.
˜ I’d like to take you out to a meal
on your birthday to give you a holiday from cooking.
3. ñíÿòü (óáèòü, óíè÷òîæèòü
âûñòðåëîì) ˜ Two snipers took
out a whole platoon. ˜ Flying low,
the plane took out the enemy bunker in one post.
242
talk smb out of
take over
1. ïðèíèìàòü äåëà, âñòóïèòü â
äîëæíîñòü, âçÿòü íà ñåáÿ îòâåòñòâåííîñòü ˜ After the manager has
retired, John is likely to take over.
˜ The airplane pilot fainted and his
co-pilot had to take over. ˜ Who
will take over the leadership of the
party next time?
2. ïåðåíèìàòü, çàèìñòâîâàòü ˜
The Japanese have taken over
many European ways of life.
take smb aback
îøàðàøèòü (ïîðàçèòü, óäèâèòü)
˜ The dreadful sight of the accident
took me aback. ˜ His sudden
change of opinion took us all aback.
take smb up on smth
ïðèíÿòü ÷-ë ïðåäëîæåíèå, ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ˜ He’s offered me a free
ticket, but I’m not sure whether to
take him up on it.
take to
1. ïðèñòðàñòèòüñÿ (ïðèîáðåñòè
ïðèâû÷êó) ˜ If a person once
takes to gambling, it’s difficult to
stop. ˜ Recently I have taken to
getting up earlier in the morning.
2. ïðèâÿçàòüñÿ, ïîëþáèòü ˜ Our
dog always takes to children
quickly. ˜ I took to him immensely.
take up
1. çàíÿòüñÿ (ïðîÿâèòü èíòåðåñ),
óâëå÷üñÿ ÷-ë ˜ Patsy has taken
up sky-diving at the weekends. ˜
When did Jane first take up music?
2. âçÿòüñÿ, ïðèíÿòüñÿ çà äåëî/
ðàáîòó; ïðèñòóïèòü ê èñïîëíåíèþ
îáÿçàííîñòåé ˜ When does the
Minister take up his office? ˜ I hope
to take up my new duties as your
chairman at the next meeting.
3. ïðåðâàòü, âîçðàçèòü ˜ I took
him up sharply when he mentioned
the wrong date. ˜ I must take you
up here, I cannot agree.
4. ïîäõâàòèòü, ïðîäîëæèòü (ðàññêàç, ïåíèå è ò.ä.) ˜ As soon as
he stopped singing they took the
song up. ˜ I’ll take up the story
where you left off.
take up with
ñâÿçàòüñÿ ñ ê-ë; ïîäðóæèòüñÿ ˜
He has taken up with an undesirable
crowd. ˜ She has taken up with some
very strange people. ˜ For a little
time after she took up with Mr Marvin,
she went on singing in public.
talk around/round
ïðèâëå÷ü íà ñâîþ ñòîðîíó; óáåäèòü, óãîâîðèòü ˜ I talked him
around to my point of view. ˜ He
had a hard time talking them round,
but they finally agreed to postpone
the tournament.
talk back
îãðûçàòüñÿ ˜ Don’t talk back to
me like that! ˜ Mary talked back
when her mother told her to stop
watching television.
talk smb into
óãîâîðèòü, ñêëîíèòü ˜ The
salesman tried to talk me into buying a caravan. ˜ See if you can
talk Father into lending us the car
tomorrow.
talk smb out of
îòãîâîðèòü, ðàçóáåäèòü ˜ I’d
like to go camping, but my wife’s
243
talk up
trying to talk me out of it. ˜ Jim
wants to give up his job – can’t you
talk him out of such a foolish idea!
talk up
(Am inf)
1. ïðåâîçíîñèòü äî íåáåñ; ðàñõâàëèâàòü ˜ I suppose Tom will
use the chance of appearing on
television to talk up his latest book.
˜ They were talking up their
candidate all over the state.
2. ïðÿìî âûñêàçàòüñÿ; íå ñêðûâàòü ñâîå ìíåíèå ˜ If you thought
that wasn’t fair, why didn’t you talk
up? ˜ George isn’t afraid to talk up
when he disagrees with the teacher.
tangle with
ñâÿçûâàòüñÿ (âñòóïàòü â áîðüáó,
ññîðèòüñÿ) ˜ The minister for the
Interior is a very powerful man, and
you would be well-advised not to tangle with him. ˜ I wouldn’t advise
you to tangle with my brother, he’s
the strongest man in the village.
tank up
(inf)
íàáðàòüñÿ, íàêà÷àòüñÿ (âûïèâêîé) ˜ I saw your brother in the hotel, tanking up on beer with two of
his friends. ˜ If he gets tanked up
again, who will drive us home?
taste of
îòäàâàòü ÷åì-ëèáî (î çàïàõå,
âêóñå) ˜ If you don’t cover that dish,
everything in the refrigerator will taste
of cabbage. ˜ This root vegetable
tastes slightly of lemon, isn’t it nice!
team up
áûòü â îäíîé óïðÿæêå (îáúåäèíèòüñÿ äëÿ ñîâìåñòíîé ðàáîòû);
ñðàáîòàòüñÿ ˜ It’s a pleasure to
team up with such excellent workers. ˜ It’s strange that such a good
producer and a great artist have not
really teamed up well.
tear into
(inf)
íàïàñòü; óñòðîèòü ðàçíîñ; íàáðîñèòüñÿ íà åäó ˜ I’ve got a date I
just can’t break. If I stand them up,
they’ll tear into me for sure.  The
famished man tore into the steak as
though he hadn’t eaten for a week.
tear off
1. ñîðâàòü (îäåæäó); ðàçîðâàòü,
îòîðâàòü ˜ In a matter of seconds,
the passer-by tore off his coat and
jumped into the lagoon to save the
drowning child. ˜ The child tore the
wrapping off in his eagerness to find
his birthday present.
2. ðâàíóòü (ïîñïåøíî óéòè,
óåõàòü), îïðîìåòüþ áðîñèòüñÿ ˜
She tore off to the store because it
was about to close. ˜ He jumps into
the car and tears off like a race driver.
3. ñâàðãàíèòü (ïëîõî, íàñïåõ
íàïèñàòü), íàñòðî÷èòü ˜ I’m afraid
this article reads as if you tore it
off in half an hour. ˜ He tore off a
poem a day for an entire month.
tell off
îò÷èòàòü, îòðóãàòü, ïðîïåñî÷èòü
˜ Mr Black got angry and told off
the boss. ˜ It’s time someone told
her off about her behaviour.
tell on
1. íàñòó÷àòü (äîíåñòè) ˜ The
schoolyard bully warned, “If you tell
on me, I’ll make you pay for it.” ˜
Marjorie said she’d tell on him if he
pulled her hair again.
244
tie in with
2. ñêàçûâàòüñÿ ˜ His irregular
eating and sleeping habits began to
tell on him. ˜ All those late nights
are beginning to tell on Jim’s health.
unexpected answer threw the
speaker out for a moment. ˜ You
interrupted me, and threw me out
in my calculations.
think up
èçîáðåòàòü, ïðèäóìûâàòü, ñî÷èíÿòü ˜ Al’s very good at thinking up
excuses for not working. ˜ You can
earn good money thinking up new
ways to improve production in the firm.
tick off
(Am inf)
1. îò÷èòàòü, îòðóãàòü; âëåòåòü ˜
David had ticked her off for being
late for work. ˜ You’ll get ticked
off for being late for work.
2. âçáåñèòü(ñÿ), ðàçîçëèòü(ñÿ),
âîçìóòèòü(ñÿ) ˜ That article ticked
me off. ˜ Her rudeness really
ticked me off.
3. ïîñòàâèòü ãàëî÷êó ˜ Tick off
the names of the members as they
vote. ˜ Tick them off as each job
is finished.
throw at
1. çàïóñòèòü â ê-ë, áðîñèòü, øâûðíóòü ˜ Roger stopped, picked up a
stone, aimed, and threw it at Henry.
2. áðîñèòü âçãëÿä/çàìå÷àíèå ˜
She threw nervous glances at him
every now and then.
throw off
èçáàâèòüñÿ; îòäåëàòüñÿ ˜ Peter
can’t throw off his annoying habit of
staring at people in buses. ˜ If we
run fast we might be able to throw
the police off. ˜ I wish I could throw
off these newspaper reporters who
are following me everywhere.
throw out
1. âûäâèíóòü (èäåþ, ïëàí), ïîäàòü ìûñëü ˜ The professor threw
out several plans for considering the
course. ˜ After talking together,
the group threw out several good
ideas.
2. îòáðîñèòü, îòêàçàòüñÿ, îòâåðãíóòü ˜ New societies may be
tempted to throw out the principles
of democracy. ˜We threw out her
proposal.
throw smb out
ñáèòü ñ ìûñëè/c òîëêó ˜ The
tick over
ïîòèõîíüêó, ïîëåãîíüêó; æèòüïîæèâàòü; òîïòàòüñÿ íà ìåñòå ˜
And how are you these days, Alex?
– Well, just ticking over, thanks.
˜ After a good start, the organization is ticking over and is in need
of fresh ideas.
tide over
ïåðåáèòüñÿ, äîòÿíóòü; ïîìî÷ü
ïðîäåðæàòüñÿ, ïîääåðæàòü â
òðóäíóþ ìèíóòó ˜ Dinner will
be served in 45 minutes. If you’re
too hungry to wait, have a bowl
of soup to tide you over. ˜ He
was taking odd jobs to tide
himself over until he found something permanent. ˜ I’ll lend you
$20 to tide you over the rest of
this week.
tie in with
âÿçàòüñÿ (ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü) ˜
His beliefs didn’t seem to tie in at
245
tighten up (on)
all with reality. ˜ His story does
not tie in with the facts.
tighten up (on)
çàêðóòèòü ãàéêè (óæåñòî÷èòü) ˜
The police are tightening up on safety
for the Queen’s visit. ˜ Regulations
on the testing of drugs are tightened
up in the rich countries.
tip off
(inf)
øåïíóòü íà óøêî (ïðåäóïðåäèòü
îá îïàñíîñòè, âûãîäå è ò. ä.); ïîñòàâèòü â èçâåñòíîñòü ˜ Somehow
they were tipped off and left the
country before the police could
catch them. ˜ The class president
tipped off the class that it was the
superintendent’s birthday.
tone down
ñìÿã÷èòü (òðåáîâàíèÿ; òîí ïèñüìà, ðå÷è) ˜ Tone down your remarks, or you’ll offend a lot of people. ˜ You’d better tone down some
of the opinions in your article.
toss back/down/off
îïðîêèíóòü, ïðîïóñòèòü (ñòàêàí÷èê), îñóøèòü îäíèì ãëîòêîì ˜
He tossed back another glass of
wine. ˜ He tossed off the beer and
headed for the door.
touch for
(inf)
êëÿí÷èòü, ïîïðîøàéíè÷àòü;
çàíÿòü (äåíüãè) ˜ Do you think you
can touch your father for the ticket
money? ˜ An old man on the street
touched me for $1 this morning.
touch off
(Am inf)
1. ïîâëå÷ü çà ñîáîé, íàâëå÷ü,
âûçâàòü ˜ The police action
touched off another night of rioting.
˜ His stupid remarks touched off
a fight. ˜ Careless political action
can easily touch off a war.
2. áûñòðî íàáðîñàòü; òî÷íî èçîáðàçèòü ˜ The newspaper reports
have really touched off the causes
of the difficulty this time. ˜ He
touched off Teddy Roosevelt as
well as it’s ever been done.
touch on/upon
âñêîëüçü çàìåòèòü, óïîìÿíóòü;
çàòðîíóòü, êàñàòüñÿ ˜ The President only touched on the issue of
taxation in his speech. ˜ The essay
touched on the author’s childhood.
touch (smb) for
òÿãàòüñÿ , ñðàâíèòüñÿ ˜ No competitor can touch us for speed of
delivery. ˜ There is nothing to touch
for mountain air for giving you an
appetite. ˜ Nobody could touch him
for impudence.
tough it out
(Am inf)
íå ïàäàòü äóõîì, êðåïèòüñÿ,
âûäåðæàòü òðóäíîñòè ˜ It looks
like this snow will stop the supplies
getting through and we shall be
hungry for a time, but we’ve no
choice but to tough it out. ˜ His
boss has a terrible temper, but Joe
is determined to tough it out.
toy with
ïîäóìûâàòü î ÷-ë ˜ I’m toying
with the idea of writing a novel. ˜
Father often toys with the thought
of going to live on a tropical island.
246
track down
íàïàñòü íà ñëåä; ðàçûñêàòü ˜
turn down
One journalist succeeded in tracking the victims down and finding out
what had happened to them. ˜ I’ve
been trying to track down that book
but haven’t had any luck. ˜ After
many days, the hunters were able
to track down the dangerous bear.
trade on
ñûãðàòü íà ÷-ë (âîñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ) ˜ You’ll always find
somebody who’s willing to trade on
your generosity and never offer any
help in return. ˜ The Democrats
traded on the unpopularity of the two
main parties. ˜ He traded on her
lack of experience and got all the
advantages of the deal.
trip up
(inf)
ñáèòü ñ òîëêó, çàïóòàòü ˜ The
teacher asked tricky questions in
the test to trip up students who were
not alert. ˜ The judge’s questions
tripped him up completely.
trump up
ñîñòðÿïàòü, ñôàáðèêîâàòü (äåëî);
ïðèäóìàòü ïðåäëîã/ïðè÷èíó ˜ The
lawyer was able to prove that the
charge against his client had been
trumped up. ˜ I’m not guilty; someone has trumped up a charge. ˜
She had trumped up another excuse
for not doing the work.
try on
ïðèêèíóòü, ïðèìåðèòü ˜ The
clerk told him to try the coat on. ˜
She tried on several pairs of shoes
before she found the one she liked.
tuck away/in/into
(inf)
óïëåòàòü çà îáå ùåêè; óïèñûâàòü
(åäó) ˜ What a delight to see hungry children tucking in like that! ˜
Mary put a plate of scrambled eggs
and bacon in front of Morris and he
tucked in appreciatively.
tune in (to)
âîñïðèíèìàòü, ïîíèìàòü, íàñòðîèòüñÿ ˜ It took me some time
to tune in to that professor’s way of
talking about mathematics. ˜
Were you tuned in to what she was
really trying to say? ˜ She’s really
tuned in to teenagers.
turn against
îïîë÷èòüñÿ íà ê-ë ˜ They might
at any time turn against their
masters. ˜ Why do you turn against
the party, which had given you your
first chance in politics? ˜ I honestly
don’t know why you’ve turned
against her, Ria, I really don’t.
turn away
1. îòïóãíóòü ˜ The high prices
turned away prospective buyers.
2. äàòü îò âîðîò ïîâîðîò, íå
ïóñêàòü; ïðîãíàòü ˜ When the famous singer appeared at the
theatre, crowds of people were
turned away, for lack of room. ˜
Clerical workers and secretaries
were turned away by gangs of men
when they arrived at work.
turn down
1. ïðèãëóøèòü, óìåíüøèòü
(çâóê, ñâåò) ˜ Please, turn down
the radio. It’s too loud. ˜ They
turned down the lights and began
to dance.
2. îòêëîíèòü, îòâåðãíóòü, îòêàçàòü ˜ They turned down his
247
turn in
proposal. ˜ If she offers to help,
I’ll turn her down. ˜ His request for
a raise was turned down.
turn in
(inf)
1. ïîéòè íà áîêîâóþ (ëå÷ü ñïàòü)
˜ Before turning in for the night he
asked for an early morning call. ˜
I turned in early last night.
2. íàñòó÷àòü, íàêàïàòü (äîíåñòè
íà ê-ë) ˜ I saw the student cheating, and I thought it was unfair, but I
wouldn’t dare turn him in. ˜ He turned
them in to the police for playing
pranks that endangered the lives of
others.
turn on
1. îòêðûòü (êðàí); âêëþ÷èòü
(ñâåò) ˜ Jack turned on the water.
˜ Who turned on the light?
2. ïóñêàòü â õîä (÷àðû, îáàÿíèå)
˜ She really turns on the charm
when that new boy is around. ˜ She
turned on a bright smile to fool her
family.
3. íàáðîñèòüñÿ, íàêèíóòüñÿ ˜
The lion tamer was afraid the lions
would turn on him. ˜ She turned
on the men, “How can you treat your
daughter like this!”
turn off
1. çàêðûòü (âîäó); âûêëþ÷èòü
(ïðèáîð) ˜ He turned the water off.
˜ Who turned the lights off?
2. ñâåðíóòü (ñ äîðîãè)  They
turned off the main road.
turn out
(inf)
1. îêàçàòüñÿ, ïîëó÷èòüñÿ, óäàòüñÿ
˜ The cake didn’t turn out very well.
˜ The noise turned out to be just
the dog scratching at the door.
2. ïðèáûòü, ñîáðàòüñÿ, ïðèéòè
˜ A large number of voters turned
out for the rally. ˜ 50,000 people
turned out during the bank holiday
weekend to watch the air-show.
3. âûïóñêàòü, ïðîèçâîäèòü, äåëàòü ˜ They turn out three thousand cars a month. ˜ Sally can
turn out a cake in no time.
4. âûëåçàòü èç ïîñòåëè, âñòàâàòü
˜ Come on, children; time to turn
out. ˜ At camp the boys had to
turn out early and go to bed early
too.
turn over
1. ïåðåòðÿõíóòü âñå (ïðè îáûñêå)
˜ The dissident said that his flat
had been regularly turned over by
the KGB. ˜ They turned room 37
over – it looked as if a tornado had
hit it.
2. ïåðåäàòü (âåäåíèå äåë, îòâåòñòâåííîñòü) ˜ He has decided to
turn over his business to his son.
˜ He refused to turn over funds that
belonged to Potter.
turn smb on (to)
1. çàâîäèòü (âîçáóæäàòü); èíòåðåñîâàòü, ïðèâëåêàòü ˜ Music
really turned me on. ˜ I don’t really
turn you on, do I?
2. (çà)èíòåðåñîâàòü, ïðîáóäèòü
èíòåðåñ ê ÷-ë ˜ His mother was
the first to turn him on to classical
music. ˜ Benjamin turned me on
to transcendental meditation, and
ever since I’ve been feeling great!
turn smb out
òóðíóòü, âûñòàâèòü (âûãíàòü,
ïðîãíàòü) ˜ Hush! You’ll get us
turned out of the library. ˜ Two
248
walk out on smb
members were turned out for failing to pay the money they owed.
turn to
îáðàòèòüñÿ çà ïîìîùüþ/ñîâåòîì ˜ He had no one to turn to
when he got into trouble. ˜ At a
time like this, one turns to one’s
closest friend.
turn up
1. ïîäâåðíóòüñÿ ˜ Apartments
are scarce, but if I keep looking,
something is bound to turn up. ˜
It’s no good waiting for something
to turn up, you have to take action.
2. îáúÿâèòüñÿ, ïîÿâèòüñÿ; íàãðÿíóòü ˜ He turned up with a friend
of his. ˜ His name turns up in the
newspaper now and then. ˜ Some
old friends turned up unexpectedly.
3. ñòðÿñòèñü, ñëó÷èòüñÿ ˜ Something turned up so I couldn’t go to
the party.
4. óñèëèòü (çâóê, ñâåò)  The TV
was turned up loudly so that no one
would hear them talking.
W
wade in/into
(inf)
1. ââÿçàòüñÿ (â ñïîð, äðàêó); íàáðîñèòüñÿ, íàêèíóòüñÿ, àòàêîâàòü
˜ Quite fearless, he was prepared
to wade into the whole crowd. ˜
The speaker really waded into the
government’s lack of action on
housing, didn’t he? ˜ When Bill had
heard Jim’s argument, he waded in
and took it apart.
2. ïîãðóçèòüñÿ/îêóíóòüñÿ â
ðàáîòó; ýíåðãè÷íî âçÿòüñÿ çà
äåëo ˜ She waded into that pile of
correspondence. ˜ The house was
a mess after the party, but mother
waded in and soon had it cleaned
again.
wade through
(inf)
ïðîïàõàòü (ïðî÷èòàòü ìàññó ìàòåðèàëà); îñèëèòü, îäîëåòü ˜ I
have some legal documents to
wade through before the discussion
tomorrow. ˜ I shan’t be home for
dinner. I’m still wading through all
those urgent letters.
wait out
ïåðåæèäàòü ˜ They waited out
the war in Paris. ˜ We waited out
the storm all night, and made our
way into the harbour in the
morning.
walk (all) over smb
âîäó âîçèòü íà ê-ë (ïåðåãðóæàòü
ðàáîòîé); ñåñòü íà øåþ ˜ The
manager had walked all over Ann
for months. Finally she quit. ˜ Jill
is so friendly and helpful that people
walk over her.
walk away/off with
1. ïðèêàðìàíèòü; óéòè, ïðèõâàòèâ ÷óæîå ˜ It looks like somebody walked off with my textbook.
˜ Someone got in and walked off
with the jewels while we were out.
2. ëåãêî/áåç òðóäà îäåðæàòü
ïîáåäó ˜ We expected a tough
opponent, but to his surprise he
walked away with first place. ˜ Our
team walked off with the championship.
walk out on smb
ïîðâàòü ñ ê-ë, áðîñèòü ê-ë ˜
He’s walked out on his wife. ˜ You
249
walk over
can’t walk out on your family at a
time like this.
letters on this gravestone have worn
away with time.
walk over
ñ ëåãêîñòüþ ïîáåäèòü ˜ We
walked over them in that practice
game, but I don’t know how we’ll do
in the real thing. ˜ The horse
walked over in the third race.
wear down
1. èçìàòûâàòü, óòîìëÿòü ˜ These
night calls are wearing me down.
2. âçÿòü íà èçìîð, ñëîìèòü,
óëîìàòü ˜ Her constant nagging
about getting a new car wore down
his resistance. ˜ The first time he
asked for a date, she refused; but
he finally wore her down.
want for
íóæäàòüñÿ, èñïûòûâàòü íóæäó
˜ They don’t earn much money, but
their children want for nothing. ˜
I’ll see that you want for nothing
while you attend college.
want out
(Am inf)
âûéòè èç èãðû, îòêàçàòüñÿ îò
÷-ë; áðîñèòü ˜ If you want out,
right now, just say so, and I’ll understand. ˜ I can’t stand this job
a minute longer, I want out!
warm up
ðàçîãðåòü/ïîäãîòîâèòü (ïóáëèêó)
˜ He was good at warming up an
audience for the main speaker. ˜
Before the show starts, we have a
man who tells jokes to warm up the
crowd.
wear off
óëåòó÷èòüñÿ, óòèõíóòü, îñëàáåòü, ïðîéòè (î áîëè, ÷óâñòâàõ) ˜
By the next afternoon the shock
had worn off. ˜ My headache isn’t
serious. It will wear off after an hour
or so.
wear on
òÿíóòüñÿ, äëèòüñÿ, ïðîäîëæàòüñÿ ˜ As the night wore on, the
absence of electricity made matters worse. ˜ The meeting wore on
all afternoon. ˜ Winter wore on
slowly as he waited for his return.
warm up to
ðàñïîëîæèòü ê ñåáå, ïîäðóæèòüñÿ; ïðîíèêíóòüñÿ ˜ It takes
an hour or so for some children to
warm up to strangers. ˜ As he
warmed up to his subject, Tom forgot his bashfulness.
wear out
1. èçíîñèòü(ñÿ), ñíàøèâàòü(ñÿ)
˜ Helga threw away that dress because she had worn it out. ˜ This
cheap leather wears out so quickly.
2. âûìàòûâàòü(ñÿ), èçìàòûâàòü(ñÿ) ˜ Playing with children
really wears me out. ˜ Why do
I feel worn out after an ordinary day’s
work at the office?
wear away/down
ñíîñèòüñÿ, ñòîïòàòüñÿ; ñòåðåòüñÿ ˜ The heels of your shoes are
worn down on one side. ˜ The
wear through
ïðîíîñèòüñÿ äî äûð ˜ The
seat of his pants was worn
through. ˜ When holes began to
250
wind up
wear through the soles of my
shoes, we went downtown to select
a new pair.
weasel out (of)
(Am)
óêëîíèòüñÿ, èçáåæàòü ˜ I’m so
tired I think I’m going to weasel my
way out of going to that meeting this
afternoon. ˜ I’d love to weasel out
of serving on the board.
while away
êîðîòàòü (âðåìÿ) ˜ It was a beautiful day and we whiled away the
hours in the garden. ˜ Jane whiles
the time away by daydreaming.
whip round
(inf)
`
1. çàñêî÷èòü, çàáåæàòü, ñáåãàòü,
ñãîíÿòü ˜ Whip round to the corner
shop and buy a sliced loaf, will you?
˜ I can whip round to your place
after work and collect the papers
that I need for tomorrow.
2. ñêèíóòüñÿ (î äåíüãàõ) ˜
Claire’s leaving to have her baby
next week so Sheila’s whipping
round to raise enough for a nice
leaving present. ˜ All the girls in
the office whipped round to give
Mary a wedding present.
whip up
(inf)
1. ñâàðãàíèòü; ñîñòðÿïàòü ˜ She
can whip up a dress in an afternoon.
˜ I could whip up a salad, if you
like.
2. ðàçæå÷ü, âîîäóøåâèòü; çàâåñòè ˜ The reporters whipped
up sympathy with stories of pensioners dying from the cold. ˜
The speaker soon whipped the
crowd up until they were ready to
march.
whistle for
ïîïðîùàòüñÿ (ñ ìûñëüþ î ÷-ë)
˜ I’ve reminded Trevor three times
that he still owes me money, but as
far as he’s concerned I can whistle
for it. ˜ I’m not prepared to use any
of the firm’s money to pay this man;
let him whistle for his money!
whittle away/down
ñâåñòè íà íåò ˜ This may whittle
away our liberties. ˜ They were
slyly whittling down the power of the
Corleone family.
whoop it up
(inf)
ãóäåòü (øóìíî ãóëÿòü, âåñåëèòüñÿ) ˜ After exams they decided to
whoop it up at their apartment. ˜
John’s friends really whooped it up
at his bachelor party.
wig out
(Am sl)
âçâûòü, áûòü âíå ñåáÿ (îò
ãíåâà); ïðûãàòü äî ïîòîëêà (îò
ðàäîñòè) ˜ He’ll wig out when he
gets the bill for that party. ˜ She’ll
wig out when she reads the letter!
wind down
ðàññëàáèòüñÿ, óñïîêîèòüñÿ, óòèõîìèðèòüñÿ ˜ You’ll be able to wind
down now that all the election excitement is over. ˜ The football
crowds don’t wind down after a good
game until they’re nearly home.
wind up
(inf)
1. çàâîäèòü(ñÿ) ˜ This man is
specially employed to wind up the
crowd ready to be influenced by our
speaker. ˜ Don’t get so wound up,
there’s nothing to get excited or
nervous about!
251
wink at
2. ïðèâîäèòü â ïîðÿäîê ˜ Fred
wound up his business and personal affairs before joining the Navy.
˜ She had to wind up her affairs
before she could move.
3. çàêëþ÷èòü, çàâåðøèòü, çàêîí÷èòü ˜ Today we’ll wind that deal
up with the bank. ˜ I have a few
items of business to wind up; then
I’ll be with you.
wink at
çàêðûòü ãëàçà íà ÷-ë ˜ If you
continue to come to work late,
I won’t be able to wink at it. ˜ Many
of the teachers wink at the boys’
secret smoking.
winkle out
îòêîïàòü, ðàñêîïàòü; âûóäèòü ˜
After much searching, I was able
to winkle out a real old suit of armour for the play. ˜ Can you try
your best to winkle the secret list
out of the director?
wipe out
ñòåðåòü (ñ ëèöà çåìëè); óíè÷òîæèòü; óáèòü ˜ Floods are devastating and can wipe out a whole
town. ˜ Sources say hundreds of
civilians were killed and entire villages wiped out. ˜ The gangsters
threatened to wipe him and his family out.
wolf down
ïðèãîâîðèòü (î åäå); óìèíàòü,
óïëåòàòü ˜ I wolfed down an enormous meal. ˜ That boy wolfed down
the whole cake, while my back was
turned!
work in
ââåðíóòü, âñòàâèòü (â ðå÷ü) ˜
The lecturer managed to work in a
few anecdotes to brighten his talk.
˜ Try to work in a few jokes when
you are preparing your speech.
work out
1. òðåíèðîâàòüñÿ, êà÷àòüñÿ ˜
After working out at the fitness
center, I feel like a new man! ˜ The
famous actor keeps fit by working
out for an hour every morning.
2. ñðàáîòàòü; îêàçàòüñÿ (íå)óäà÷íûì ˜ I wonder if their marriage
will work out. ˜ Did your plan work
out? ˜ The arrangement worked
out rather badly for Leo.
work over
(sl)
îòìåòåëèòü, îòäóáàñèòü, èçáèòü,
îãðàáèòü ˜ When they had worked
him over for some minutes, they left
him for dead, and escaped. ˜ Matthew was worked over by the hoodlums in the park right after midnight.
work smb out
ðàñêóñèòü, ðàçãàäàòü, ïîíÿòü ˜
I just can’t work you out, you never
seem to enjoy anything. ˜ Sometimes she seems friendly and sometimes she won’t speak to me. I just
can’t work her out.
work up
ïðîáóäèòü, ïîäîãðåòü (÷óâñòâà,
èíòåðåñ) ˜ The television show
worked up my interest in the Civil
War. ˜ Don’t mention the letter to
her, I don’t want her to work up any
false hopes.
252
zonk out
worm into
(Am)
âòåðåòüñÿ, îáìàíîì âîéòè â
äîâåðèå ˜ He tried to worm into
her confidence.
worm out (of)
âûóäèòü (ñåêðåò, èíôîðìàöèþ)
˜ He didn’t want to tell me the truth,
but I finally wormed it out of him.
˜ She succeeded in worming the
secret out of me.
write off
ìàõíóòü ðóêîé, ñáðîñèòü ñî
ñ÷åòîâ (ñ÷èòàòü íåóäà÷íûì,
áåñïîëåçíûì) ˜ He was written off
by his family as a failure, so they
were surprised when he passed all
his exams and went to university.
˜ They wrote their marriage off
years ago, I don’t know why they
still stay together.
Z
zero in on
1. âçÿòü íà ìóøêó/ïîä ïðèöåë
˜ When we had all zeroed in our
guns on the enemy post, we opened
fire. ˜ They zeroed in on the last
sniper.
2. ñîñðåäîòî÷èòüñÿ, ñôîêóñèðîâàòü âíèìàíèå; îñòàíîâèòüñÿ íà
÷-ë ˜ Before we end this discussion, let me zero in on one important point. ˜ With his usual skill,
the chairman zeroed in on the most
delicate subject of our meeting.
zonk out
(sl)
âûðóáèòüñÿ, îòðóáèòüñÿ (óñíóòü
èëè ïîòåðÿòü ñîçíàíèå) ˜ Can I
talk to Joe? – Call back tomorrow,
he zonked out. ˜ You won’t get a
coherent word out of Joe, he has
zonked out.
Selected Bibliography
Îñíîâíûå ëåêñèêîãðàôè÷åñêèå èñòî÷íèêè
Applebee Jane, Rush Anton. Help with Idioms. Oxford: Heinemann, 1992.
Berman Louis A., Kirstein Laurette. Practical Idioms. NTC, 1996.
Bloomsbury Dictionary of Modern Slang. M., 1996.
Broukal Milada. Idioms for Everyday Use. Using Phrasal Verbs in
Everyday Contexts. NTC, 1997.
Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms. Cambridge University
Press, 1998.
Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. Collins, 1990.
Handbook of Commonly Used American Idioms. Barron’s
Educational Series, Inc. 1995.
Lister Ronald. English Idioms. Hugo, 1997.
Longman Dictionary of English Idioms. Longman Group Limited, 1979.
Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. M., 1986.
Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms. Oxford University Press, 1993.
Pocket Idioms Dictionary. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, 1996.
Pocket Phrasal Verbs Dictionary. Longman, 2001.
Seidl Jennifer, McMordie W. English Idioms. Oxford University Press, 1994.
Spears Richard A. NTC’s American Idioms Dictionary. M., 1991.
The American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms. Houghton Mifflin
Company, 1997.
The Wordsworth Dictionary of Idioms, 1993.
Ãëàçóíîâ Ñ. À. Íîâûé àíãëî-ðóññêèé ñëîâàðü ñîâðåìåííîé ðàçãîâîðíîé ëåêñèêè. Ì., Ðóññêèé ÿçûê, 2000.
Êîõòåâ Í. Í., Ðîçåíòàëü Ä. Ý. Ðóññêàÿ ôðàçåîëîãèÿ. Ì.,
Ðóññêèé ÿçûê, 1986.
Êóíèí À. Â. Àíãëî-ðóññêèé ôðàçåîëîãè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü. Ì., 1967.
Íîâûé áîëüøîé àíãëî-ðóññêèé ñëîâàðü. Ïîä ðåä. Ý. Ì. Ìåäíèêîâîé è Þ. Ä. Àïðåñÿíà. Ì., 1993.
Îæåãîâ Ñ. È., Øâåäîâà Í. Þ. Òîëêîâûé ñëîâàðü ðóññêîãî ÿçûêà.
4-å èçäàíèå, äîïîëíåííîå. Ì., Àçáóêîâíèê, 1997.
Ñëîâàðü îáðàçíûõ âûðàæåíèé ðóññêîãî ÿçûêà. Ïîä ðåä. Â. Í. Òåëèÿ. Ì.,
1995.
Õîøîâñêàÿ Á. Èäèîìàòè÷åñêèå âûðàæåíèÿ â äåëîâîì àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå. ÑÏá., Ëàíü, 1997.
Contents
Ñîäåðæàíèå
1. Foreword
Ïðåäèñëîâèå ............................................................................ 3
2. Labels and Abbreviations
Óñëîâíûå îáîçíà÷åíèÿ è ñîêðàùåíèÿ ................................... 4
3. Idioms and Colourful Words
Îáðàçíûå ñëîâà è âûðàæåíèÿ ................................................ 5
4. Phrasal Verbs
Ôðàçîâûå ãëàãîëû ................................................................ 173
5. Selected Bibliography
Îñíîâíûå ëåêñèêîãðàôè÷åñêèå èñòî÷íèêè .......................... 254
Шитова Лариса Феликсовна
Брускина Татьяна Львовна
ENGLISH IDIOMS
AND PHRASAL VERBS
ÀÍÃËÎ-ÐÓÑÑÊÈÉ ÑËÎÂÀÐÜ
ÈÄÈÎÌ È ÔÐÀÇÎÂÛÕ ÃËÀÃÎËÎÂ
Художественный редактор А. А. Неклюдова
Дизайн обложки Ю. А. Медников
Корректор Е. Г. Шабалова
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