10 The abril - 2023 - remin Escirut he en agine What would be the equivalentcircuit left to the R before) From Reg or L Rell(Ry Ry3 ReCR, + = = +ly) x4] k2 (23 + + thevenin: for mo Ot I Equivalents. The renin Ra S R4 = Circuit of -Da I given circuit -o d + + 1 + Re -g. - b - Steps a) Compute VT we obtain 1 + the voltage between a, b nodes R, -I open circuit) Quinte V UTH + H est * abierto, Ob - atantior por van d) &T# la 1 Law I sources Usources are shorts are open si no linea. VR, = V,(x) = Voltage Law ke in an por Ve = ahie corriente, WTH r V, = + Dividen vat-> I p ⑧ mini -> 6 q A Riz h, = 11RuR,z R3 dog a - Lo- b isits Draw Thevenin the R = s + + + 1 ⑰inSre=e - Once Van the V = + circuit is = y + Fey Pry I = &4 simplified, we Ir (0Hn) Power) could find: Ample The 12 venin - abril 2023 - - Given Circuit: R3 Ri diningto t= , e.g Il UTH: RTH 1 +Rs > questE = Ho - + at UTH - - - No * Source transformation hay voltage un dropin t F - I * z UT= 1 - & 2 (Active (4) - samatoria de voltios individuales * Unknown There fore, m1i sign) V, Ia,2, - + - Iq4 Ia # Is, Ir = Be into (Fx F1) - R, Ikz - ,Ix - v, I(1, = ~, IR + = 0 Fe kzIrn + - R2) - , It (k, R) 1.F + v , 2, B + + R, + FA kz + A - A = = - 0 = = INEOUT = Vi Vi Far + er Substituting UTH Therefore, n Alternative way I: -> UTH 0 Vn't Ibe = bat obtain kr L -> 1 Van F,lz I, analyzethe mesh - To + = m,: (Active sign) V, - > * Consume IR W Inz F,R, = I,R + #(Re) - - I = Unknown (Terms) = UTH # 1,R Ixl2 F+ 2 Vrz = + + = (+Ia a Fa = + - ↓ Viz = +Iaa El - (2, R2) + [V, Vi = 2]. I1 + (2, (2) + ⑧ ' P anyo - I VTH · ↳ ↳- T UTH Vi (- I1].(s) beg I = + = (, !].(] - v, = -> Practice: · UTH = )x] I + Vi R, ~ Ng ↓+Y ⑧ a V *3 ~ + = + ab - gumin Active sign) -- " Be - - Vz -8 I Green Norton EquivalentCircuit ge Ry Ir mple) & bu, k = + H = Obtain directlyIn, R R, m ⑧ ↓ - LAW - > shortat tetput te ⑧ Now consider the , with circuit is ↳ isresi · * C it-ite x 1 = 1 samethe MaxPower Imagine Transfer complicated a converted was I7-abail-2023 circuit nations PIW = UTH no RroA= ROAD I." - P der= VTHF, or I, U+H I would like minimize transfer maximize power obtain Ron to max to the load the transfer. loss and to With - -Gas = Example, 61 organo 4 a) find or the source power associatedwith the 6) state whether the 60 absorbing or delivering is source power. P Ir Procedure = e ·on the -r 61 FR4 39 y 3 se Suman resistores. 10 - - los tion · or 0 GV0 - I u 161 +At 60 19.28 - a) I(6U); --+X onex P Iv = - = - - - 161 - - out⑧ - 19.28 Ilo ⑱ E r - THEN I NB R = I ↓ = ENs = ↓ - =82A Therefore, 3 746V ( 0.821](6r) - = = Pr - = 4.92 W - b)Asorbing or - Delivering (andaber Activge iveon conventi sign Position Super &, In - get ↳3 ar I sources are open! ↳sources are closed! deni._rize L Ine I In, Ic = Un Vn, = Practice I R, Circuit namet + Vna sources + - 13 sources) I P FU I I,(u,) me I t Ov, - Danie 2nd) R, usgene tumer 3.) e = = Inductors ("Bobina) Inductor In Capacitors and - one Store o dependenciat del - ! tiempo Vilt) L = Energy (H) 2:Henry I 103 - voltage the at equal is inductor the to value variation times L of i(t) orgrties a) If in constant THEN * i = > u t constant: is x 0 = 0 = 0 = " - short & b) If is changes 0 = Wi (t) has zuhen in NOT > @ charse be (t) more can value #0. It will c) i, (t) a ic Higher changes jumps! -even # 17 -abril-2023 Crando ke libera T circuito se corriente, 2 E = opposition el aprimos to L 1 Henry 5 = = motion too - much resistance ~ Inertia, & Momentum 00 Prest Opposite to motion ⑱ ete o or ascending to descending Carset or - ↳ V IR = -ir(t) t, I t i(t) i) = Entaneous - ---) = ⑨ R (0) Stability ex Initial Conditions ↑ o to => for Analysis = f t Time 1 = : Inductor: with circuit a *,+(t)d i(0) e * constant:time exponential factor become ti, t, Initial Condition 5 1 in ↳ + = - ⑧ t which ve (I.C.) t oomt O Given in10 in Amplitude" these 4 107 = I. C Currentsource a I plot: , x = x IfDecay and THEN is 1 L notcommentireintheI (Initial Condition S ? = modeled is source our conditions: = as given as A ett) I. 102-st S = E (5 5 = = = att)=;i,(t)=Etatt i in(0t) i,(07) = (( (102]) a) v,(t) = =L. [10.(-5). t] =est - = · L=? 100mt 1100)(10-3) 1 (0.1 H) est * = = -- 50 0.1H_ OSest - in 12 ! - = -------- t() je - = ⑱ i sa (*.e] 10(2 - st = 10 it= H ↳= = i,(t) 0 = Le - t - (0)] 1goet-1 I ↓ -- 1 102 St source i - st Capacitors ie(t) C:Farad -> I - ic(t) V. ( (t) c = V(t) i)!i,(t)dt v(0) + = e I. Properties: wiLA) a) If constant, is THEN i, (t) -0 0 = = b) If c) viCA) fast will changes THE i,(t)4q can 4 RC = NOT JUMP! [1.c seconds] = open! -30 As . . . . bi Inductors time passes = - continued - 3 t i(t) Data or i(t) 0 = 100mH W = ⑳ to in(t) ? = Therefore,e) Procedure i(0) n(t) di =20.55 (102) i,(t) 5 est] 10 - + d 10 + 10 10(e - ↳ 10(e = ↳ + 0 = - styt sit) - 10 = -Sest = 1))t =)(-se] = I. C. = u 10 = i(0) = (0.1)(6)1- = 10.i(t) find:(t) 4 = 10- I.C St gs(0)] !x e = 10(e - () = +0 =10 ic(t) 2] 10 + - 10 = - st e - i,(0) - * s0) 10 = = e I in(t) =10 one t OlkitGoose atural of R Analysis A) - ist X m - Un V is. = (0) I6) Initiality) v(t) L = I.C. krL S n, vx(t) Y + it)R C - k = 0 Consume - 0Eorder) = is R = Supply 0 = 1) + vi F = Mattal ⑭ i(t) Io = e ft R u 63.89 i , general In I - = - ait)a i)t)s - * at xi(t) te A, io obtained = I. 11 at C i(0) a(0) i(0) A= = - 11 in (1) I=A A - Step o -- o- response t-I. o = a) Asis M1 = Consume (mp: = V vx = v,(t) + i(t)k = b) MATLABsolution 5 v - i(t)k = = L - ⑭ [v-( i(t) :(t) C) V = - - [r 10 - 2] + - 1 ie + exp())/ + I0R] Et R I (u ok) = = ( + - t V IR Draw = I nee ............ - A - et t intere I e ↳mpte L and associations aero eee: ↳ · Log Series o 0 - = cer - cert. Ial 4 ring a - -- Log - · Li I 0 a 5 = - - Leg in - 4 = C + [Ci mewor - response t - -> of e is Many hir # = I H C ~(0) e,0 = i. (e)aree Vo = 2,(t) E L = ⑧ - T ey-w W - -- iR ic KCL = = KUL a) b) ----- Analysis solution c) Drau · Step Wi(t) =? Response of in (MATLABL RC ic It ·r= a) Analysis b) solution c) Drau We(t) = ? -> (MATLAB) Basic Es I - for Math Imaginario Al 26-abril Circuits TE, Or) LG, a) (.0, E = a z zY -ke(z) Polar 3 1) Z,* RE 0 2 Rx0 - ImaginaryNumbers Dj 500 j = form Reo = Rk(0 180) + = = = Ejemplo: - 360° 1460 = F =j!.j = Ij= j -100 = - 6) j Complex a = zx =x z = - z j = 2 Polar form -----j j + -2- Find z 1 = a to Change 12 = => jb Practice: F Conjugate jd + - - (j4)2 -4x25 = = = 1 1 b = 25 z j - - circuits: i jb Rk0 Rk(0 360) 3) In 2022 + a = - Rej8 RKO = = i Re(z) Find z Rej8 RKO = = 1:R Step Step 2:O (+ b* = Segundo (-) = cuadrante = = Step 1: 180-tan" L =180 (i) 153.43. 26.57 - 32.23 = = 2.23k 153.438 ·z 2) v5 = + (I) tan" = ⑦=tan" x ( = = - 243.430 S G R N2 = R x() x, 74.47 = = - Step tan'(a) 2:8: 0 fercer tan(t) = cuadrante 2 = - 180 tan(E) + --116.56° = (W +300w 243.43°Cy = 4.47 or ③ 2k 120° 2ej(120) = = z - or 2cos(-120) +j2sin(z) z( z) - z e - = 1 jz) ) + - - j1.73 4) V(t) 750 = (1600t cos find: a) Radians frequency in c) frequency in b) d) period of 2) Phase f) Phase angle voltage of amplitude Max signal in angle in signal second per Hertz the +30) volts seconds is degrees radians Procedure: a) (cost f(x) If = 750cos- v(t) = · Umax 750(Volts) - 350- = b) v(t) 7SOcos(t 30t + = p COS Then:w cos(wt) = Then 2) I cos(wt0) 1600 radIs F = = se 30° = = = I Tf = O =) I e est d) Other examples: the following Consider elements resistor b) 32 mH inductor as 9001 -) SMAcapacitor If Al find frequency Procedure: R:zc R = zn :zc 5000 Sec Imperance the each. (: is admittance and of 90 = jw) = j(5000)(0.032) =j(00(2) = j = = t jwa = = 10.000005) 40(c) 15000 = Admittances 2:y = = 0.0111s 1 = 11.11ms => zR 2:y C: Y = == = E = = I j0.006255 = - j(40) = -j40 7 = j6.25ms - j0.025 7;asms = = Perez Cruz James 3> Prof. Edgar 123507 # Homework#2 ⑪ · Natural t -> - pum - formulas ~(0) e,0 = I.C Vo = L = ↓t V(0) Y = = ----- Wi(t) solution c) Drau ab current on = Analysis b) D. E Base v (t) = KUL a) w iR ic KCL unknown - T = try voltage I is m, 14 2023 Collado V(t) ? ↓ X on - = = C - Based is W I Analysis: RL of response 0-abril =? (MATLABL V IR = Us is.R = Vc(0) Vc, = ic(t) kUL -> KCL: is in Y = o c & Va Vc(0) + R = = m,: itt) In OUT = c + = Supply 0 = dVcCt) dt Vi 0 0 = D.E. = Consume - i(t)R = - it MATLAB d As bymatLAB i(t) I. = - e 2t A -> inos., ·Responsesofe ic mo- I. C. Fri -> a) b) Analysis solution c) Drau ab kUL Wc(t) 3 = = (MATLAB) ? m,iV Va It ict) = = consume Y + + bL MATLAB & = Di (F= (F1 - - i(t) Ia = 10 - a) x [I1 - exp(*))]/ x IoR] Et R i(t) ) E = - (F yF)c = DRAW - Et V IR = ------- T = A Assymptote horizontal Graph provided by MATLAB RC Circuit 1 tresponsi - mayo -2023 KCL:IN OUT It -> ic = IA FR Ic = + to - N KUL 1 &a Natural =0 - W(t) - + = 11 first order) Homogeneous = i(t) &cult: - = qi(t) Akt = me A 2 Fawatt 11 Ir Ic 0 ( (i e 0 = Respons_ + = = Vi + = 0 N THE m1:2 ALL: IN=OUT Is Ir Ic wr rate If => Trial or function b t = et de t k = Cardinate If W, not par t for Then U natural E v(t) Step + Wc, = tot v = response rom ct Response (A type Responsel forced of risteristic KCL IN 0LT ic -> = = I Ie+In = 18 ↓ 11 M x = ), cdi e + - y (t)=k) E + - at= 1 itNor (1storder) D. E 2, ToT - * > Vc, Vc, + - = Non-Homogeneous - & = and t = 0 homogeneous H for Homogeneous /Step Response S ↑om A Exists Non t L P. t., Evaluate at aka Segndo * - If ist) xame fant, THEN upp is constant is sinusoidal, THEN M, p simusoidal is Also, Ie If Y, TOT Wa V, = AND STEP t As - it LANDIDATE Response so t As + p future e -> 11. PAS T - L · D W, = t - · = As t I AR - 0 = * If W(0, Y, THEN ~(0) E, i ↓ + ↓ io = + A Be t it + 11 - () ta - ~ Fa = Tor = = I V(t) Be,(0) + - ④ V IR Fa = IAk 0 B + = .B Vo I - = · Patting ⑪ v(t) Vc,H 2,1 = + (vo (() IAR = If Together * All it current 0 = Capacitor in ② desired is ca If i(t) THEr 1r]e kt;A - + = c)F () (k I1]e) = W ⑧ (0 = (v + - + = ↑ - )( s) t F - 1 YRCt F(y)e it S v) - - = - - + i(t) (Ir - = RL e g)et R ↓ I in Circuit to were Circuit KVL I L m onsume m1: = i m1:v, Vs Vv,(t) vr(t) n(t) = + = + ↳libk+ use = -is ratil Wi " x = ve V V + A =ji + & &in 0 D. E = Homogeneous If = THE - in · -- ui(t) Al i(t) Ac t = Ae -t t t te - ()t ⑯ - ) = ie hesponse a If i L THEN (A) ToT Vc, We, = in (A) evaluate t and H + t Tor as - 0 0 = Past - Centerenecom Tratag la ↑wtere - amette - - If i(A)+T in i, + = THEN )it) or=A Be it + = + e Candidate i. (A) Evaluating in(t) A 0 at = (see future) ( g, = in = ⑪ Ast int) in,+in,H to t = A = in 1) 0 = Be Be/10) + + = un in 4 B i = · B + = - E - There fore, ]e*; = + Si ① Entice. Ous LI # ② ⑳ Examen #2 A - 1) Analysis 2) ic ? 3 Draw = 1) I Hand) Analysis 2) Ur ? 3) Draw = 4) Find (paid) is Thevenin, Nodal, KVL, KLL, Mesh current, AL &R Basic Math (complexconjugate, imperance tedioso ( E. D. (10 mas Practice: ⑲ 1) Analysis 2) ic ? 3 DRAW = X (Hand) ① Analysis KCL:n1+is ic IN OUT = = o = 0 kVL = m1 t I Ic V, - + + Ic Ei Ac Vs bt = - qi(t) Akt = = t 0 = - Ae Lu ()(0) - = 11 n(0) i(t) 0 = = + = un(0) hallsensor - gder) In X(t) encoder ⑪ v = A = X b = c = p v v, B = B V + = Vc(t) - V,R v2, 2,H = + [Wo -V, R) V. (A) v, 1 + = lo i (r 2, - y V,k]et] zeE (0 = + ert;A v (wo + Y,R]( ) - - -V(- ) (Vs1 =+ vo) + Re is(t) (V, = - e e etct ) et t ⑦ 2) Analysis 3) Dr" (and 4) I - · Find is a) Analisis XC1:n1 = I= I n2 KWL:m1 = Ir In Ic 1 0 + FIN 0uT + t It - + = + It 0 = - 0 = w r + [int)r + = +1in -I -> i(t) i,(0) - = xe = i :- kit) (A) i(t) te t - Ae(0) = i,(0) is 0 = A = A = -eioet = Ae - t Ac-Et * serve: Lets ↓ kVL-m: (active) Vi V v 0 = x + = 0 = Ve Here ⑤ t c KCL - = v b tion ! V * - W FR = I in =ic Wait! stop! I are = 11 11 D. t = - Step Response T - - U, TOT U, = p Yc,H + - Existing Non t s Homogeneous Series A Natural R it I Response Step and r(t) o Note! We this In I need case, (A) Stative) IR I I R v = circuit L i,(t) c = = to select I choose differential a) obtain KUL 0 m,: = RLC formulas Guide - of variable! E consume ↳natic t 2, V(t) = 11 = i(t)a V(t) x(t) + + t Gindt + +i L + ict) indt+i r Le + + 11 It I.C V ix(t)k = If W= , (0) 1)i(t) Le 0 = are + + C;L- Imtegration ; Differentication constant Pitti and Eel & THEN - ↑ as I Rearranging = ↳+ int) 2nd Let us follow i D an order D. E association for procedure - "s" a = la b. potencia S There fore, x +int) + 0 = de the Is Sh ww &madratic formula In are S - 12 general, 3 C b a = b IA, ac 2a there possibilities 5, S2 = Real Solutions(b =Yan) ↳fre Example: SE Reaoutiopations 1 (b > 4ac) (I h R 1kR = 1 1 0( + + 1mIt = = c find: 2uf = ?i? 8i S" * if +5 + " * Sie 10" 10 I + n u S = - - 0 = = 0 e Atac b tz.10 100 =- Ix10") u Y 5, xx10") - = = -o 5 * Another , Si example 1 + = - 10 I + k = 52 0 = - = = - 100 - 5, 0") 999,499.75 (continued) RLC formatfor Alternate i + int) R5 52 Solution 0 + I 0 = = + f Therefore = for - problem the Soh R I S I ver a = - series 0 = L bac w (E) =- (RLC ↳ b es', Hand at + f e (eral) IES 2 4(i)(i) = all ) E2 Neper frequency; (*)) - where: = - = Wo te(Resonantfrequency;(w]) wor= 3 cases: 2 wo = 2 s,2t = > w s,,, = I 2 - = = - Double Root S critically Damped 2 I C"w" s,, Real S Real Over d DistinctD ampe Roots jawan - 2I wa /Complex conjugated) med TextBook From Model RLC Solutions i(t) A, = series (as assumed variable et Azet (over damped + i(t) B,e tcos, = 1 Brettsinn, + (Underdamped) i) =D, Ae-2A D, et critically Damped L + Note: Each I case a) A., Az is ! obtained from t initial conditions S Emple: The 1000. 0.1ufcapacitor through inductor find: At a t 0 = series AND a a)i(t) m (t) b the charged capacition is is combination 360 resistor of a A =0 = t 0 - Circuit! t he as -Notetoat t - - lour- "(0) ) - I discharged 100mH Procewr Draw to