Drug Study 1
DRUG NAME AND
CLASSIFICATION
DOSE,
FREQUEN
CY,
ROUTE,
DURATION
OF
ADMINIST
RATION
Generic Name:
diphenhydramine
Dose:
Brand Name:
Banophen
Route: Po
50mg
Frequency:
ODHS PRN
Therapeutic Class:
Antihistamines
Pharmacologic Class:
Ethanolamines
MECHANISM
OF ACTION
Completes with
histamine for
H1-receptor
sites. Prevents,
but doesn’t
reverse,
histaminemediated
responses,
particularly those
of the bronchial
tubes, GI tract,
uterus, and blood
vessels
INDICATION

Nighttime
Sleep aid
CONTRAINDICATIO
N



Contraindicate
d/ Avoid use in
patients taking
MAO
inhibitors
Use cautiously
in patients with
angle-closure
glaucoma,
stenosing
peptic ulcer
symptomatic
prostatic
hyperplasia,
bladder neck
obstruction,
pyloroduodena
l obstruction or
asthma
Use within
caution in
patient with
prostatic
ADVERSE EFFECT
CNS: drowsiness,
sedation, sleepiness,
dizziness,
incoordination,
seizures, confusion,
insomnia, headache,
vertigo, fatigue,
restlessness, tremor,
nervousness.
CV: palpitation,
hypotension,
tachycardia
EENT: diplopia,
blurred vision,
tinnitus, nasal
congestion
GI: dry mouth,
nausea, epigastric
distress, vomiting,
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
Dizziness, excessive
sedation, syncope,
toxicity, paradoxical
stimulation, and
hypotension are more
likely to occur in
elderly patients
Don’t confuse
diphenhydramine
with dimenhydrinate.
Don’t confuse
Benadryl with Bentyl
or Benazepril
hyperplasia,
asthma,
COPD,
increased IOP,
hyperthyroidis
m, CV disease,
and HTN
diarrhea,
constipation, anorexia
GU: dysuria, urine
retention, urinary
frequency
Hematologic:
thrombocytopenia,
agranulocytosis,
hemolytic anemia
Respiratory:
thickening of
bronchial secretions
Skin: urticaria,
photosensitivity, rash
Other: Anaphylactic
shock
Drug Study 2
DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N
DOSE,
FREQUENCY,
ROUTE,
DURATION OF
ADMINISTRATI
ON
Generic Name:
rosuvastatin
Calcium
Brand Name:
Crestor
Dose: 20mg
Classification:
Therapeutic
Class:
Antilipemic
Duration: 2
months
Pharmacologic
Class:
HMG-CoA
reductase
inhibitors
Frequency: PO
Route: ODHS
MECHANISM
OF ACTION
Inhibits HMGCoA reductase,
increases LDL
receptors on liver
cells, and inhibits
hepatic synthesis
of very-low
density
lipoprotein
INDICATION

Adjunct to
diet to reduce
LDL
cholesterol,
total
cholesterol,
apolipoprotei
n B, nonHDL
cholesterol,
and
triglyceride
(TG) levels
and to
increase
HDL
cholesterol
level in
patients with
primary
hypercholest
erolemia
(heterozygou
s familial and
non-familial)
and mixed
CONTRAINDICATION


Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive to
rosuvastatin or its
components,
patients with
active liver
disease and those
with unexplained
persistently
increase
transaminase
levels.
Rare post
marketing reports
of cognitive
impairment
(memory loss,
forgetfulness,
amnesia, memory
impairment,
confusion) have
been associate
with statin use.
These reported
symptoms are
ADVERSE EFFECT
CNS: asthenia,
dizziness, headache
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY

GI: abdominal pain,
constipation,
diarrhea, dyspepsia,
nausea vomiting
GU: cystitis
Hematologic:
anemia, ecchymosis
Metabolic: diabetes
mellitus
Musculoskeletal:
arthralgia, myalgia,
neck pain

Before
therapy starts,
assess patient
for underlying
causes of
hypercholeste
rolemia,
including
poorly
controlled
diabetes,
hypothyroidis
m, nephrotic
syndrome,
dyslipoprotein
emias,
obstructive
liver disease,
drug
interaction,
and
alcoholism
Before
therapy starts
advise patient
to control


dyslipidemia
(Fredrickson
types IIa and
IIb); adjunct
to diet to
treat primary
dysbetalipopr
oteinemia
Adjunct to
diet to slow
atheroscleros
is
progression
in patients
with elevated
cholesterol
Adjunct to
lipidlowering
therapies, to
reduce LDL
cholesterol,
apolipoprotei
n B, and total
cholesterol
levels in
homozygous
familial
hypercholest
erolemia
generally not
serious and are
reversible upon
statin
discontinuation,
with variable
times to
symptoms onset
(1 day to years)
and symptom
resolution
(median of 3
weeks)


hypercholeste
rolemia with
diet, exercise,
and weigh
reduction
Interrupt
statin therapy
if patient
shows signs
of symptoms
of serious
liver injury,
hyperbilirubin
emia or
jaundice,
Don’t restart
drug if
another cause
don’t be
found
Monitor lipid
panel at
baseline and a
fasting lipid
profile within
4-12 weeks
after initiating
or dosage
adjustment
and every 3 to
12 months
thereafter.
Drug Study 3
DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N
Generic Name:
Amoxicillin
DOSE,
FREQUENCY,
ROUTE,
DURATION OF
ADMINISTRATI
ON
Dose: 500 mg
Route: PO
Brand Name:
Amoxil
MECHANISM
OF ACTION
Inhibits cell-wall
synthesis during
bacterial
multiplication
INDICATION

Frequency:
Q8H
Classification:
Therapeutic
Class: antibiotics
Pharmacologic
class:
aminopenicillins
Duration: 7
days

Pharyngitis,
tonsilitis, or
both
secondary to
streptococcus
pyogenes
infection
Mild to
moderate
infection of
the ear, nose,
and throat,
skin and skin
structure or
GU tract
CONTRAINDICATION

Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive to
drug or other
penicillin

Use cautiously in
patients with
other drug
allergies
(especially to
cephalosporins)
because of
possible crosssensitivity
ADVERSE EFFECT
CNS: seizures,
anxiety, confusion,
agitation, dizziness,
reversible
hyperactivity,
anxiety, insomnia,
behavioral changes
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY

GI: diarrhea, nausea,
and vomiting
GU: interstitial
nephritis,
nephropathy
Hematologic:
agranulocytosis,
leukopenia,
thrombocytopenic
peupura, anemia,
eosinophilia,
hemolytic anemia
Other: anaphylaxis,
hypersensitivity
reactions,


If large dose
are given or if
therapy is
prolonged,
bacterial or
fungal
superinfection
may occur
especially in
elderly,
debilitated, or
immunosuppr
essed patients
Amoxicillin
usually causes
fever cases of
diarrhea than
ampicillin
Don’t confuse
amoxicillin
with
amoxapine
overgrowth of no
susceptible
organisms
Drug Study 4
DRUG NAME
AND
CLASSIFICATIO
N
Generic Name:
Mefenamic acid
DOSE,
FREQUENCY,
ROUTE,
DURATION OF
ADMINISTRATI
ON
Dose: 500mg
Route: PO
Brand Name:
Mefenax
Frequency:
TID
Classification:
Therapeutic
Class: Antiinflammatory,
Anti-pyretic
Pharmacologic
class: NSAID
Duration: 3
days
MECHANISM
OF ACTION
Inhibits the
synthesis of
prostaglandins
that may serve as
mediators of pain
and fever
primarily the
CNS
INDICATION


General
medicationheadache,
dental pain,
postoperative and
postpartum
pain, joint
disorders
Patient’s
indication
relieves pain
when
bleeding
occurs
CONTRAINDICATION


Contraindicated
in patients
hypersensitive to
the drug or any of
fits component
Impaired renal or
liver function
ADVERSE EFFECT
CNS: headache,
dizziness, insomnia,
fatigue, tiredness,
ophthalmic effects
NURSING
RESPONSIBILITY
-
Derm: pruritis,
sweating, stomatitis
GI: nausea,
dyspepsia, GI pain,
diarrhea. Vomiting,
constipation,
flatulence
Hematologic:
bleeding, platelet
inhibition,
neutropenia,
eosinophilia
GU: dysuria, renal
impairment
-
Give drug
with food,
milk, or
antacids
Do not
increase or
double dose;
follow exactly
as prescribed
and indicated
Discontinue
drug promptly
if diarrhea