7
SCIENCE
First Quarter – Module 1F
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION:
Drawing Conclusions &
Communicating Results
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 6: Drawing a Conclusion and Communicating Results
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Author/s:
Reviewers:
Evaluators:
Illustrator and Layout Artist:
Management Team
Chairperson:
Co-Chairpersons:
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Decy Joy V. Jabonilla
Rudnie S. Rosala
Norlyn Q. Lobido
Carmen S. Madrio
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Marecel B. Compania
Spark Erl E. Balicog
Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
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7
Science
First Quarter – Module 1F
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION:
Drawing Conclusions &
Communicating Results
This instructional material was collaboratively developed and
reviewed by educators from public secondary schools in the Division of
Misamis Occidental. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations
to the Department of Education at action@ deped.gov.ph.
We value your feedback and recommendations.
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Introductory Message
For the Learner
Welcome to an enjoyable learning adventure through Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module as we capture another journey to the world of
Science 7.
Have you ever wondered how scientists discover their scientific
breakthroughs? Will it be possible for a Grade 7 learner like you to do science
the way your favorite scientist did? No need to worry, boys and girls! In this
module, we will learn to do exciting and fun-filled investigation through the
scientific method.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know
This gives you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways in a form of
story, song, poem, problem opener, activity or
situation.
What is It
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
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What I Have Learned
This
includes
questions
or
blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities
In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use your Science activity notebook in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and in checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
For the Facilitator
The task of the facilitator is to assist the learners in going through the
module and answer learners’ queries or questions when they encounter any
difficulty in answering the tasks in this module. Thus, the facilitator will monitor
learners’ progress to accomplish the module with best learning outcomes.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can
do it! Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
What I Need to Know
…………………………………………………….....
1
What I Know
………………………………………………………..
2
What’s In
………………………………………………………..
5
What’s New
………………………………………………………..
6
What is It
………………………………………………………..
7
Drawing a Conclusion ........…………………………………………..
7
Theory
………………………………………………………..
7
Law
………………………………………………………..
7
Communicating Results ..……………………………………………..
8
What’s More
……………………………………………………...
8
………………………………………………………
10
What Can I Do
………………………………………………………..
11
Assessment
………………………………………………………..
12
Additional Activities
………………………………………………………..
15
Answer Key
………………………………………………………..
16
References
………………………………………………………..
17
What I Have Learned
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What I Need to Know
The second to the last step of the scientific method is to state your
conclusion. Conclusions in science are reliable, although it is tentative;
science is always a work in progress. Scientific conclusions are tentative
because all ideas are open to examination for further improvement.
Drawing conclusion is utilizing information that is implied to make
meaning out of what is not clarified. When a conclusion is drawn, the validity
of the conclusions and the research findings will be presented. On the other
hand, communicating results is the sharing of results to others and allowing
them to scrutinize your work for further enhancement.
After going through this module, you are expected to describe the
components of a scientific investigation (S7MT-Ia-1).
Specifically, you are also expected to:
1. differentiate law from theory;
2. formulate a conclusion; and
3. relate the importance of communicating results in solving problems to
others.
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the last two steps in Scientific Method: Drawing a Conclusion and
Communicating Results. The scope of this module permits you to use
different learning situations. You have to extend your patience in
understanding and analyzing what you are reading. Follow the directions in
the activities and answer the given test and exercises properly.
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What I Know
Before starting this module, you will be answering questions to
determine
what
you
already know about
drawing
conclusions and
communicating results.
I. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers in
your Science activity notebook.
1. How do you call the part of the Scientific Method that uses the data to help
explain the results of the experiment?
A. observation
C. conclusion
B. hypothesis
D. purpose
2. Which of the following scientific skills is used when making conclusions?
A. observe
C. inquiry
B. predict
D. infer
3. Which of the following is the last step in the scientific method?
A. doing background research
C. communicating results
B. constructing a hypothesis
D. asking a question
4. How do you describe the purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method?
A. It gives sources of information to help the investigation.
B. It states an expected outcome of the investigation.
C. It states whether the data supports the hypothesis.
D. It explains the reason for doing the investigation.
5. Why is communication an important part of the scientific process?
A. It means results do not need to be confirmed.
B. It ensures that nobody makes mistakes.
C. It helps science progress more quickly.
D. It limits the flow of secret information.
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6. Why do scientists communicate different results about the same topic?
A. The results of scientific experiments can never be reproduced.
B. Scientific data can be interpreted in different ways.
C. Scientists support only their own opinions.
D. Not all scientists use scientific methods.
7. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
A. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw
conclusions, analyze the results, and communicate results.
B. Ask a question, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, test the
hypothesis, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
C. Make hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask a
question, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
D. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze
results, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
8. Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
A. data collection and analysis
C. forming a bias
B. experimentation
D. observation
9. When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis,
you are ______.
A. drawing conclusions
C. making observations
B. forming a hypothesis
D. asking questions
10. Scientific studies must have clear and transparent methods so that the
studies are __________.
A. reproducible
C. logical
B. methodical
D. biased
II. True or False
For items 11 – 15, identify whether the statement is True or False. Write A if
the statement is True, and B if it is False.
11. Observable, repeatable and measurable are the factors to be considered
in order for a problem to be studied in science.
3
12. Hypothesis, procedure and data must be considered in order to
understand the conclusion of an experiment.
13. Inference is an observation and a universal negative.
14. The conclusion is the summary that tells us if our experimental data
supports our hypothesis.
15. A conclusion states whether a hypothesis was right.
4
Lesson
1
Drawing Conclusions and
Communicating Results
What’s In
You will have a vocabulary drill to recall your previous lessons in which
you will unscramble the following vocabulary words and write a concise
description about the word. Write your answers in your Science activity
notebook.
Ethical
Variable
Hypothesis
Question
Record
Experiment
Conclusion
Scientific Method
5
Procedure
Observe
Research
Interpret
What’s New
Activity 1: What is in the Riddle?
Directions: Read and analyze each riddle and look for the right answer in the
box. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
School
Chickens
Cows
Hangman
Tiddlywinks
A Tree House
A. Some farmers have lot of these.
Roaming around.
Most of their food
They eat from the ground.
These animals are grown
For their milk or their meat.
They are big. It would hurt
If one stepped on your feet!
They are _____________________________________
B. It’s your move now.
This is a game that is fun.
You have lost half or your men.
Your friend’s men are red.
It is fun to double – jump.
The game is ___________________________________
C. “It’s my favourite place!” Stephen said.
“I love to go there. My friends are there.
I do fun things there. I even learn new things there.
It makes me sad in the summer. I don’t go there then.
The place is ____________________________________
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Pigs
Checkers
What is It
Step 6. Drawing a Conclusion
A conclusion is a statement
about the results of the experiment.
You
compare
the
results
of
the
experiment with the hypothesis. If the
data supports the hypothesis, then the
hypothesis may be the explanation for
the problem. If the data do not support
the
hypothesis,
then
more
observations will be made, a new
hypothesis will be formed, and the
scientific method will be used.
When a hypothesis has been tested many times under many different
conditions and has been found to explain a group of observations, the
hypothesis becomes a theory. Theories are explanations for some problems
based on observations, experimentation and reasoning. While, if the same
results have been obtained for so many times by different scientists, the
summary of these experimental results becomes a law. Laws are summaries
of many experimental results and observations. Laws are not the same with
theories because laws tell only what happens, not why it happens.
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Step 7. Communicating Results
When a conclusion is drawn, the
research can be presented to others to inform
them of the findings and receive input about
the validity of the conclusion drawn from the
research. Reporting one’s research let other
scientists repeat the investigation to see
whether they get the same results. Getting
the same results when an experiment is
repeated is called replication.
If results can be replicated, it means they are more likely to be
corrected. Replication of investigations is one way that a hypothesis may
eventually become a theory.
What’s More
Activity 2: Taking it into Practice
Directions: This activity will allow you to use steps in scientific method.
Prepare the materials and follow the procedures carefully.
In this activity, you will need the following materials: four coins of
different sizes – 10-peso, 5-peso, 1-peso and a 25-centavo, and a medicine
dropper with water.
Procedure:
1. Lay the coins one by one on a table.
2. Get a medicine dropper.
3. Fill the medicine dropper with water.
4. Drop the water in each coin one at a time.
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5. Count the number of water drops needed to fill the coins. Stop
dropping when the water spills over the coin.
6. Do the same procedure with the other coins.
7. Record the data on the table provided for.
No. of Trials
No. of Water Drops
10-peso
5-peso
1-peso
25-centavo
1
2
3
Average
Guide Questions:
1. What is the problem in this activity?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. Formulate your hypothesis. (List down as many as possible)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. Analyze your results. Which coin holds the greatest number of water
drops? Why?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4. What factor/s do you think has something to do with the differences in the
number of water drops a coin can hold?
______________________________________________________________
5. Which of the following can you identify as the responding variable?
A. diameter of the dropper
C. number of water drops
B. kind of medicine dropper
D. size of the coin
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6. Where should you base your conclusion or generalization? Why?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
7. Share your results to 2-3 classmates and compare your conclusions
through facebook messenger or text message.
What I Have Learned
Fill in the Blanks
Directions: Using what you have learned in this module, fill in the blanks with
the correct word found in the box. Write your answers in your Science activity
notebook.
conclusion
hypothesis
explanations
law
theory
summaries
The
(1)
is the statement that answers the problem. When a
hypothesis has been tested many times under many different conditions and
has been found to explain a group of observations, the hypothesis becomes a
____(2)_____. If the same results have been obtained so many times by
different scientists, the summary of these experimental results becomes a
_____(3)
. Theories are
(4)
for some phenomena based on
observations, experimentation and reasoning. While laws, are
(5)
of
many experimental results and observations. When a conclusion is drawn, the
research can be presented to others to inform them of the findings and
receive input about the validity of the conclusion drawn from the research.
10
What I Can Do
Activity 3: Differentiate It!
Directions: Differentiate Law from Theory by completing each statement
using the words or phrases inside the box.
a.
The
observed problem
explanation
observations
experimentation
reasoning
summaries
difference
between
a
scientific law and
scientific law refers to a description of an
scientific theory refers to the
(2)
a theory is
(1)
this:
a
while a
that is given to an observed
phenomenon.
b. Theories are explanations for some phenomena based on
(4)
and
(5)
. While laws, are
(6)
EXCELLENT! You are now done with all the
activities in Module 1F. Ready for the
11
,
of many experimental
results and observations.
Assessment?
(3)
Assessment
Now, that you are done accomplishing the module, let us check your
understanding about the lesson presented in this module. Read carefully and
answer the questions given below. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
I. True or False
For items 1 – 5, identify whether the statement is True or False. Write A if the
statement is True, and B if it is False.
1. Observable, repeatable and measurable are the factors to be considered in
order for a problem to be studied in science.
2. Hypothesis, procedure and data must be considered in order to understand
the conclusion of an experiment.
3. Inference is an observation and a universal negative.
4. The conclusion is the summary that tells us if our experimental data
supports our hypothesis.
5. A conclusion states whether a hypothesis was right.
12
II. Multiple Choice
For items 6 – 15, read carefully the following questions and choose the letter
of your answer.
6. How do you describe the purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method?
A. it gives source of information to help the investigation.
B. it states whether the data supports the hypothesis.
C. it states an expected outcome of the investigation.
D. it explains the reason for doing the investigation.
7. Why is communication an important part of the scientific process?
A. It means results do not need to be confirmed.
B. It ensures that nobody makes mistakes.
C. It helps science progress more quickly.
D. It limits the flow of secret information.
8. Why do scientists communicate different results about the same topic?
A. The results of scientific experiments can never be reproduced.
B. Scientific data can be interpreted in different ways.
C. Scientists support only their own opinions.
D. Not all scientists use scientific methods.
9. What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
A. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw
conclusions, analyze the results, and communicate results.
B. Ask a question, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, test the
hypothesis, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
C. Make hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask a
question, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
D. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze
results, draw conclusions, and communicate results.
10. Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
A. data collection and analysis
C. forming a bias
B. experimentation
D. observation
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11. When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis,
you are ___________.
A. drawing conclusions
C. forming a hypothesis
B. making observations
D. asking questions
12. How do you call the part of the Scientific Method that uses the data to help
explain the results of the experiment?
A. observation
C. conclusion
B. hypothesis
D. purpose
13. Which of the following scientific skills is used when making conclusion?
A. predict
C..inquiry
B. observe
D. infer
14. Which of the following is the last step in the scientific method?
A. doing background research
C. communicating results
B. constructing a hypothesis
D. asking a question
15. Scientific studies must have clear and transparent methods so that the
studies are __________.
A. reproducible
C. logical
B. methodical
D. biased
14
Additional Activities
Activity 4: Think and Solve
Directions: Name three basic problems in your barangayy. Think of possible
solutions to these problems applying your knowledge in scientific processes
and scientific method. For more reliable data, interview at least 10 adult
individuals in your barangay and ask what the main problems in your
barangay are. Gather the necessary data and identify the top three problems.
Problems of Locality
Procedures in Solving the Problem
1.
2.
3.
Guide Questions:
1. Explain how scientific knowledge is acquired and validated.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. When do scientific methods become valuable?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 1F.
Excellent! You are now ready to do Scientific Investigation.
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Answer Key
16
References
Books
___________________________________________________________________________
Gutierrez, M. M. "Science and Technology for the Modern World." 18 25. Diwa Scholastic Press, Inc., Department of Education, 1999.
Internet Sources
______________________________________________________________
Biology
Corner.
https://www.biologycorner.com/quiz/qz_scientific_method.html (accessed
May 28, 2020).
Biology Dictionary. 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/scientific-method/
(accessed May 25, 2020).
Bryce, S. study.com. 2003. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-isscientific-investigation-definition-steps-examples.html (accessed May 25,
2020).
Chemistry
LibreTexts.
2019.
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University of British Columbia/CHEM
100%3A The Chemical World/1.4%3A The Scientific Method - How
Chemist Think (accessed May 28, 2020).
CK - 12 Foundations. 2014. https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-physicalscience-for-middle-school/section/2.1/ (accessed May 26, 2020).
Educational
Research
Techniques.
https://educationalresearchtechniques.com/2014/12/07/identifying-aresearch-problem/ (accessed June 01, 2020).
Enago Academy. 2020. https://www.enago.com/academy/how-todevelop-a-good-research-hypothesis/ (accessed May 28, 2020).
Help
Teaching.
2004.
https://www.helpteaching.com/questions/Scientific_Method?pageNum=3
(accessed June 02, 2020).
Learning Resources Portal. 2016. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7121
(accessed May 24, 2020).
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Robeson.k12.
https://www.robeson.k12.nc.us/cms/lib6/NC01000307/Centricity/Domain/
3916/Drawing%20Conclusions.pdf (accessed June 02, 2020).
STARBOOKS. https://starbooks.com (accessed May 28, 2020).
Teacher Vision. 2007. https://www.teachervision.com/graph-chart0/analyzing-data (accessed June 01, 2020).
Workforce Institute. 2014. https://workforceinstitute.org/scientificmethod-isnt-just-scientists/ (accessed May 26, 2020).
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