FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLAR
AND
ITS MEASURING ASPECTS
RADIATION
PRESENTED BY:
DIYA BEDMUTHA(03)
SANIYA BHOSALE(05)
TANISHA KAYASTH(25)
HARSHADA
SONAWANE(60)
SOLAR RADIATION
BASICS
The sun is a primary source of energy for Earth.
Understanding the fundamental principles of solar
radiation is key to harnessing its power. Solar
radiation is composed of visible, ultraviolet, and
infrared light. This presentation will cover
the basics of solar radiation, including measurement
techniques and applications.
Solar radiation, often called the solar resource or just
sunlight.
SOLAR RADIATION
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
There are various techniques for
measuring solar radiation, including
pyranometer, pyrheliometer,
spectroradiometer and sunshine
detector. These techniques are
important for understanding how much
solar radiation is available in a given
area.
Pyranometer
• Definition:
A pyranometer is a device used to measure the
total solar radiation received from the sun on a flat
surface over a wide angular field of view.
•
1.
2.
3.
Components:
Sensor
Dome
Housing
• Working Principle:
It typically consists of a thermopile sensor that
converts the incident solar radiation into an electrical
signal proportional to the radiation intensity. This
signal can be used to calculate various solar radiation
parameters such as solar irradiance or sunshine
duration.
• Advantages:
1. High accuracy
2. Easy to use
3. Wide measurement range
Pyrheliometer
• Definition:
A pyrheliometer is a scientific instrument used
to measure solar irradiance or direct solar
radiation. .
• Components:
1. Quartz window
2. Black absorber
3. Thermopile
4. Pyrheliometer tube
• Working Principle:
It consists of a thermopile or a photovoltaic detector
that converts solar energy into an electrical signal.
The output of the pyrheliometer is directly
proportional to the intensity of solar radiation,
providing a quantitative measure of solar energy.
• Advantages:
1. Pyrheliometers have extremely low power
consumption so that internal heating does not affect
the detector performance.
2. They operate from a wide range of supply voltages.
3. The power input is protected against reversed polarity.
Spectroradiometer
• Definition:
A spectroradiometer is an instrument used to
measure the intensity and spectral distribution of
electromagnetic radiation (light) across different
wavelengths.
• Components
1. Entrance Aperture
2. Dispersive Element
3. Detector/Sensor:
• Working Principle:
1. Light enters through the aperture.
2. The dispersive element separates the
light into different wavelengths.
3. The detector measures the intensity
at each wavelength.
• Advantages:
1. High spectral resolution for detailed analysis.
2. Wide dynamic range for capturing different intensities.
3. Flexibility in customizing measurement parameters.
Sunshine Detector
• Definition
A sunshine detector is an instrument used to measure solar
radiation ,specifically the intensity of sunlight.
•
1.
2.
3.
Components
Photodiode
Optical Filter
Signal Processing Unit
•
1.
2.
3.
Working Principle
Incident sunlight passes through the optical filter.
The filtered light strikes the photodiode.
The photodiode generates an electrical signal proportional to
the intensity of the sunlight.
The signal is amplified and processed to provide accurate
measurements.
Advantages
Compact and portable for field measurements.
Fast response time for real-time data acquisition.
Accurate and reliable measurements of solar radiation.
•
•
1.
2.
3.
APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR RADIATION
Solar radiation has numerous
applications, including solar thermal
systems, solar photovoltaic systems, and
solar radiation forecasting. Solar thermal
systems convert solar radiation into heat,
while solar photovoltaic systems convert
solar radiation into electricity. Solar
radiation forecasting is important for
predicting how much solar radiation will
be available in a given area.