7
SCIENCE
First Quarter – Module 1A
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION:
Introduction to Scientific
Investigation
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 1: Introduction to Scientific Investigation
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Author/s:
Reviewers:
Evaluators:
Illustrator and Layout Artist:
Management Team
Chairperson:
Co-Chairpersons:
Rizza Mae L. Serino
Marisol P. Moreno Norlyn Q. Lobido
Marissa M. Olarte
Ferdinand Bonito L.Taclob Jr.
Decy Joy V. Jabonilla
Rudnie Rosala
Spark Erl E. Balicog
Myraflor E. Besire
Marissa R. Bueno
Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong
Chief ES, CLMD
Members:
Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS
Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Maritess A. Caguindangan, EPS - Science
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Asela I. Elumbareng, EdD, PSDS
Nelia T. Lanzaderas, PhD, Principal III/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Division of Misamis Occidental
Office Address: Osilao St., Poblacion I, Oroquieta City, Misamis Occidental
Contact Number:
(088) 531-1872 / 0977 – 8062187
E-mail Address: deped_misocc@yahoo.com
7
Science
First Quarter – Module 1A
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION:
Introduction to Scientific
Investigation
This instructional material was collaboratively developed and
reviewed by educators from public secondary schools from the Division
of Misamis Occidental. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations
to the Department of Education at action@ deped.gov.ph.
We value your feedback and recommendations.
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Introductory Message
For the Learner
Welcome to an enjoyable learning adventure through Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module as we capture another journey to the world of
Science 7.
Have you ever wondered how scientists discover their scientific
breakthroughs? Will it be possible for a Grade 7 learner like you to do science
the way your favorite scientist did? No need to worry, boys and girls! In this
module, we will learn to do exciting and fun-filled investigation through the
scientific method.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will enable to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know
This will give you an idea of the skills you are
expected to learn in the module.
What I Know
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already knew about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In
This is a brief review to help you connect the
current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson is introduced to
you in many ways in a form of story, song,
poem, problem opener, activity or situation.
What is It
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
There are self learning activities for
independent practice to measure your
understanding and skills of the topic. You may
check the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned
This
includes
questions
or
blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
iv
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities
In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use your Science activity notebook in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and is checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can
do it!
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
What I Need to Know
…………………………………………………….....
1
What I Know
………………………………………………………..
2
What’s In
………………………………………………………..
3
What’s New
………………………………………………………..
4
What is It
………………………………………………………..
5
Steps in Scientific Method …………………………………………..
5
What’s More
………………………………………………………...
9
………………………………………………………
10
What Can I Do
……………………………………………………….
11
Assessment
………………………………………………………..
12
Additional Activities
………………………………………………………..
13
Answer Key
………………………………………………………..
14
References
………………………………………………………..
15
What I Have Learned
vi
What I Need to Know
Investigation is the heart of science. It is the way scientists do
research. Scientific investigation is a way to find answers to a question that
will produce evidences that help you answer questions and solve problems.
When the evidence cannot provide answers or solutions then it may lead to
new questions or problems for investigation. As more knowledge are
discovered, science advances.
Researchers investigate the world in so many ways. In different fields
of science, they may use different methods and be guided by different
theories and hypotheses but most of them generally follow the steps in a
Scientific Investigation.
After going through this module, you are expected to describe the
components of a scientific investigation (S7MT-Ia-1).
Specifically, you are also expected to:
1. identify the steps in scientific method.
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you understand the process of Scientific Investigation. The scope of this
module allows you to use different learning situations. You need to be patient
in doing your tasks. Follow the directions in the activities and answer the
given test and exercises properly.
1
What I Know
Matching Type.
Directions: Match the following terms in Column A with the correct definition
in Column B. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in
your Science notebook.
Column A
Column B
_____ 1. Hypothesis
A. A conclusion based from evidence and
reasoning
_____ 2. Control
B. A formal inquiry or systematic study
_____ 3. Investigation
C. A judgment based on the results of an
experiment
_____ 4. Dependent Variable
D. A sequence of steps involved in
performing experiment
_____ 5. Experiment
E. A temporary solution to a problem
_____ 6. Conclusion
F. Any information that is gathered with the
use of senses
_____ 7. Data
G. Can change or influence the result of the
experiment
_____ 8. Communicate
H. Observations & measurements recorded
_____ 9. Observation
I. Organized process to test a hypothesis
_____ 10. Independent Variable
J. Sharing the results to get helpful
feedback
_____ 11. Interpret
K. The inquiry or problem relating to a topic
_____ 12. Variable
L. The factor that is manipulated during an
experiment
_____ 13. Record
M. The response that is measured in an
experiment
_____ 14. Question
N. To interpret or give meaning
_____ 15. Procedure
O. To write accurate information about what
occurs during experiment
P. Used to show that the result of an
experiment is really due
2
Lesson
1
Introduction to Scientific Investigation
What is Scientific Investigation?
Scientific Investigation is the way in which scientists and researchers
use a systematic process to answer questions about the world around us. It is
a way of finding the answer to a question using the carefully arranged steps.
In other words, the scientific method is a systematic process that involves
measurable observations to formulate, test or modify and prove a hypothesis.
What’s In
Activity 1: Arrange Me!
Below are steps in scientific investigation, arrange the following steps
in the proper order. Write numbers 1-7 (1 being the first step and 7 as the last
step). Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
______________
a. Find out the problem
____________
b. Observe and record
____________
c. Make a hypothesis/ temporary solution or answer
____________
d. Communicate the result
____________
e. Identify the problem
____________
f. Arrive at a conclusion/ making of general statement
____________
g. Test the hypothesis
3
What’s New
Activity 2: Vocabulary Match!
Directions: Match the vocabulary words in the box to their definitions below.
Write the letter of your answer in your Science activity notebook.
VOCABULARY
A. Scientific Method
E. Ethical
I. Observe
B. Questions
F. Variable
J. Record
C. Experiment
G. Hypothesis
K. Conclusion
D. Research
H. Procedure
L. Interpret
1. To explain or give meaning
2. Notice what occurs during an experiment.
3. Something that can change or influence the results of an experiment.
4. The inquiry or problem relating to a topic that can be answered by
conducting an experiment.
5. A method of doing research that includes the steps of identifying a problem,
gathering data, forming a hypothesis, testing a hypothesis, and drawing a
conclusion.
6. Following the rules of being fair and honest.
7. An educated guess or reasonable assumption.
8. To conduct an investigation into current information about something.
9. A test or trial performed in order to discover something.
10. The result or outcome of something.
4
What is It
Steps in Scientific Method
Scientists are, by nature, keen observers that is why they can easily
perceive areas where problems exist. Having identified the problem, scientist
undertakes a carefully planned investigation following a systematic and logical
approach using steps in scientific method. The figure below shows the steps
in Scientific Investigation.
Figure 1. Steps in Scientific Investigation
5
1. Identifying Problems – The first step in
scientific investigations is to
identify a problem in a given
situation. This problem comes
when a researcher is curious
or interested about something
he/she has observed in the
environment.
2. Making Observations – The process of
science starts with an observation within the
surrounding of a researcher. In this step, the
scientist will research and make observations
regarding the problem.
3. Forming a Hypothesis – In this step, you will
give temporary solutions to the
identified problem.
4. Testing the Hypothesis/ Experiment – The
next scientific step you are going to is to test
your hypothesis. Some hypothesis may be
tested simply by further observations or take an
elaborate and tedious process
experiment.
6
as
in the
5. Organize and Analyze Data - After performing an
experiment and collecting data, one
must analyze the data. Research
experiments usually analyzed data
with statistical software in order to
determine the relationships among
the data gathered. In the case of a
simpler experiment, one would look at
the data and see how they show a
relationship.
6. Draw Conclusions – The next step of scientific investigation is to form a
conclusion.
If
the
data
support
the
hypothesis, then the hypothesis is correct
and may be the explanation for the
phenomena. If the data do not support the
hypothesis, then more observations must
be made, a new hypothesis is formed, and
the scientific investigation is used all over
again.
7. Communicate Results - When a
conclusion is drawn, the research
can be presented to others to inform
them of the findings and receive
input
about
conclusion
the
drawn
validity
from
of
the
the
research.
7
What’s More
Activity 3: Fill in the Blanks
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the vocabulary
list inside the box. Write your answers in your Science activity notebook.
scientific method: a method of doing research that includes the steps
of identifying problem, gathering data, forming a hypothesis,
testing a hypothesis, and drawing a conclusion
question: the inquiry or problem relating to a topic that can be
answered by conducting an experiment
experiment: a test or trial performed in order to discover something
hypothesis: an educated guess or reasonable assumption
procedure: a sequence of steps involved in performing an experiment
observe: to notice what occurs during an experiment
record: to write accurate information about what occurs during an
experiment
interpret: to explain or give meaning to
conclusion: the result or outcome of something
variable: something that can change or influence the results of an
experiment
ethical: following the rules of being fair and honest
research: to conduct and investigate into current information about
something
The _________________ method is one way that people think about
and solve questions or problems. When you begin your experiment, it is
important to state a problem or _________________ that you would like to
find an answer to. It is important to look up or _________________ up-to-date
information about your topic before you conduct any experiments. A(n)
_________________ is a possible explanation about something.
8
To conduct a(n) _________________ is a good way to discover
something new about science. Be sure to write down each step or
_________________ in the correct order before you start your science
experiment. When you conduct an experiment and you deliberately change
one thing, you are introducing a(n) _________________. It is critical to watch
or _________________ what is happening with every step of your
experiment. After you conduct your experiment, a valuable step is to write
down or _________________ what happened. When you explain what
happened in your experiment, you _________________ the results. Sharing
true information about the outcome of your experiment is an example of
_________________ behavior. After an experiment, it is important to write
down your _________________ or summary of what you learned.
What I Have Learned
Given the situations below, choose the letter that corresponds to your
answer and write an essay about what is ask in number two (2). Write your
answers in your Science activity notebook.
1. The mother of John wanted to find out the effect of organic fertilizer
in the growth of pechay plant. What are the steps she is going to
follow in order to find out the effect on the growth?
a. conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, make a
conclusion, record data
b. form a hypothesis, record data, conduct an experiment, make
a conclusion
c. form a hypothesis, conduct an experiment, record data, make
a conclusion
d. record data, form a hypothesis, make a conclusion, conduct
an experiment
2. How do steps in scientific method help in solving problems?
9
What I Can Do
Activity 4. Identify and Arrange Me!
Directions: Identify what step is being illustrated in each picture and
arrange the following pictures using numbers 1-5 (1 being the first step
and 5 being the last step). Write your answers in your Science
notebook.
.
a.
.
Photo Credits: Rizza Mae L. Serino
____________
_____________
_________________________
_________________________
c.
d.
____________
_____________
_________________________
_________________________
10
e.
f.
Photo Credits: Rizza Mae L. Serino
____________
_____________
_________________________
_________________________
EXCELLENT! You are now done with all the
activities in Module 1A. Ready for the
Assessment?
11
Assessment
Directions: Now that you are finished accomplishing this module, let us
check your understanding about the lesson presented in this module. Each
sentence below describes a step of the scientific method.
Match each
sentence with a step of the scientific method listed below. Write the letter of
your answers in your Science activity notebook.
A. Draw conclusions
C. Recognize a problem
B. Form a hypothesis
D. Test the hypothesis/ Experiment
_______ 1. RJ Lou grew mongo seeds in ten (10) pots. She divided the pots
into two (2) groups, the five (5) pots exposed to sunlight and the
rest five (5) pots inside their house.
_______ 2. Krizha used a survey to determine how many of her classmates
were left-handed and how many were right-handed.
_______ 3. Jose wanted to find out the effect of commercial fertilizer from
organic fertilizer in the growth of tomato.
_______ 4. Vincent saw bats catching insects after dark. He asked, “How do
bats find the insects in the dark?”
_______ 5. Mar wondered if dyes could be taken out of plant leaves, flowers,
and stems.
_______ 6.
Florence soaked six different kinds of seeds in water for 24
hours. Then she planted the seeds in soil at a depth of 1 cm.
She used the same amount of water, light, and heat for each kind
of seed.
_______ 7. Celso read about growing plants in water.
He wanted to
determine how plants could grow without soil.
_______ 8. Jade said, “If I grow five seedlings under the sun, I think the
plants will grow slower than the five plants grown inside the
house.”
_______ 9. Maria’s experiment proved that earthworms move away from
light.
12
_______ 10. Neil said, “If fertilizer affect the growth of pechay plant, it might
affect the growth of cactus.”
_______ 11. If the temperature changes then the amount of bread mold will
change.
_______ 12. Jaime wanted to find out the eating habits of dog.
_______ 13. Aldrin put different fertilizers on pechay plants to see what
fertilizer allows the pechay plant to grow faster.
_______ 14. Plants placed in direct sunlight grow faster than plants which are
kept with no sunlight.
_______ 15. Sarah wanted to find out if the amount of rain has an effect on
the growth of cactus.
13
Additional Activities
Study carefully the picture below. Observe and identify problems that
can be found in the picture. Write your observations and problems identified in
your Science activity notebook.
Photo Credits: Rizza Mae L. Serino
Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 1A. I hope
you learn something.
14
Answer Key
15
References
Books
_________________________________________________________
Mapa, et al. "Scientific Method." In Chemistry Textbook - Science and
Technology, by Mapa et al, 7-10. SD Publications, 2001.
Morano, et al. "Scientific Method." In Fundamentals of Biology I, 12-15.
Lomar Publishing, 2011.
Internet Sources
_________________________________________________________
Biology Dictionary. 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/scientific-method/
(accessed May 25, 2020).
Bryce, S. study.com. 2003. https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-isscientific-investigation-definition-steps-examples.html (accessed May 25,
2020).
CK - 12 Foundations. 2014. https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-physicalscience-for-middle-school/section/2.1/ (accessed May 26, 2020).
Educational
Research
Techniques.
https://educationalresearchtechniques.com/2014/12/07/identifying-aresearch-problem/ (accessed June 01, 2020).
Gozon, E. D. "Sceintific Investigation." Cross-Specialization of Grades 7
to 10 Science Teachers on their Non-Major Science Subjects.
Department of Education, Bureau of Learning Delivery, 2018.
Learning Resources Portal. 2016. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7121
(accessed May 24, 2020).
Quizlet.
https://quizlet.com/51986616/making-observations-andinferences-flash-cards/ (accessed June 01, 2020).
STARBOOKS. https://starbooks.com (accessed May 28, 2020).
Workforce Institute. 2014. https://workforceinstitute.org/scientific-methodisnt-just-scientists/ (accessed May 26, 2020).
16
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region 10
Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: reiogn10@deped.govph