Christ our teacher,
You dwell deep within each of our
students;
In those who struggle academically,
And in those who excel;
In those who seek attention by acting
out,
And in those who remain silent and
try to hide from notice;
In those surrounded by friends,
And in those feeling lonely;
Give us the grace to know Your presence
in each of them to respond to their needs
as You would to ours.
Amen.
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1.How did you come up with
your answers?
2. What were strategies in answering
them?
ANALOGY
OBJECTIVES
1. define analogy;
2. recognize analogies in
each set of words; and
3. express the
importance of studying
word relationships in
analogies.
ANALOGY
Analogy shows the relationship
between words. It states the
likeness between two things that
are otherwise unlike.
Example
English : Language
Mathematics : Arithmetic
How to read Analogy?
The :: is used to split the analogy into
two parts.
Take note that the 1st set of words
presents a relationship that is the
same or alike as the second set of
words.
English : Language :: Mathematics : Arithmetic
: = is to
:: = as
English is to language as
Mathematics is to
Arithmetic.
a
Synonyms
b
Antonyms
c
Part and Whole
d
Characteristics
e
Object/Function/Purpose
f
Cause and Effect
Analogy
Types
a. Synonyms
- These are words with the
same meaning.
Example:
happy : joyful :: pretty : beautiful
b. Antonyms
- These are words opposite to each
other in terms of meaning.
Example:
huge : tiny :: hot : cold
c. Part to Whole
-
- this is where several objects comprise
or make up a group.
Example:
Heart : circulatory :: lungs : respiratory
d. Characteristics
-
- Mostly comprise the descriptions of
items.
Example:
Scientist : smart :: board eraser : dusty
e. Object/Function/Purpose
- It shows what a certain object is for or
explains its use.
Example:
Keyboard : type :: stove : cook
f. Cause and Effect
-
- One word is the source of the action and
the other word is the result or
consequence.
Example:
Study : graduate :: hard work : success
ANALOGY
Analogy shows the relationship
between words. It states the
likeness between two things that
are otherwise unlike.
Analogy
Types
a) Synonyms
b) Antonyms
c) Part and Whole
d) Characteristics
e) Object/Purpose/Function
f) Cause and Effect
Importance of Analogy
Studying them will enhance,
strengthen, and reinforce skills in
areas such as reading
comprehension, attention to
detail, vocabulary, synonyms,
antonyms, homophones, deductive
reasoning, and logic.
Activity
DIRECTIONS: Identify the correct word to complete the analogy by
choosing the letter of the correct answer. Then, identify what type
of analogy are the given set of words. Write your answer on your
notebook.
1. Happy : cheerful :: ______ : allow
a. ban b. forbid
c. permit
d. prohibit
2. hold : _____ :: mend : break
a. carry b. clasp
c. drop
d. grasp
3. teacher : school :: priest ________
a. market b. church
c. port
d. road
4. pencil : write :: meter stick _____
a. calculate
b. measure
c. count d. weigh
5. careless : accident :: careful : _______
a. danger b. disaster c. disorder
d. safety
6. aluminum : light :: ______ : heavy
iron
b. neon
b. magnesium
d. helium
huge
gigantic large
big
Directions: Choose an appropriate word to complete the
analogy.
1. Brief is to short as tough is to____________
curved hard long wide
2. Raw is to cooked as smooth is to: ________________
clean neat rough tender
3. Rich is to ____________ as barren is to unproductive.
big famous great
wealthy
4. Fins are to fish as ____________ are to birds.
air
fly trees wings
5. Fingers are to hands as toes are to ___________.
feet hair walk nails
https://www.witf.io/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/holleran-march-1-2016-041-1613x1080.jpg
Another common type of analogy
is the cause and effect. This
analogy contains one word that is
the cause, or the source of some
action or condition, and another
word that is the effect, or the
result or consequence.
Examples
Explanation
Yawning is the effect of being
sleepy. In the same way as
sleepy: yawn: itching: scratch when you scratch a part of
your body, it is because
something itches.
The cause of the earthquake
is the movement of tectonic
movement of tectonic plates:
plates. Earthquakes are the
earthquake: : saturated clouds: result of such movement. Rain
rain
is the effect of clouds heavy
with water vapor (cause).
Person to place or /role
/specialization is another
common type of analogy. This
analogy presents words in which
one word is the workplace or
role/function of the first word
given. To better understand these
concepts, study the table below.
Examples
Explanation
Zoologist: animals::
botanist: plants
Zoologists specialize in
animals as botanists study
plants.
saleslady: store: :cook:
kitchen
Both sets of word pairs
show a person to place/
function/role relationship.
Directions: Choose the appropriate word to complete an
analogy.
1. Careless is to accident as careful is to____________.
lucky mistake safety
satisfy
2. Tired is to sleep as hungry is to _____________.
dance
eat
exercise
nap
3. Teacher is to _________ as author is to write.
hunt
instruct
publish
sell
4. Architect is to plan as lawyer is to ____________.
build
campaign
defend
win
5. Improper waste disposal is to __________: explosion: loud
noise
clogged waterways
landslides
rain
waves
LONG
QUIZ
TEST I: IDENTIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION
1-5. List down at least 5 types of analogy.
6. It is a type of analogy where several objects comprise or make
up a group.
7. It is a type of analogy in which one word is the source of the
action and the other word is the result or consequence.
8. It is a type of analogy that shows words opposite to each
other in terms of meaning.
9. It is a type of analogy that shows what a certain object is for
or explains its use.
10. It is a type of analogy that shows words with the same
meaning.
TEST II.
Directions: Read each item carefully and write the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
For items number 1-6. Choose the appropriate word to
complete an analogy.
1. War is to __________ as heavy rains are to landslide.
A. destruction B. peace C. soldiers D. weapon
2. An author is to write as chef is to ______________.
A. cook
B. drive
C. shove D. sing
3. Empty is to _________ as tough is to soft.
A. dense B. full
C. mild
D. wicked
4. Tree is to forest as athlete is to _________.
A. fruits
B. medal C. team
D. shoes
5. Polite is to courteous as style is to ________.
A. fashion B. nice C. pretty D. ugly
6.Comprehensive : limited : : complex : ____________
A. hard
B. simple C. new D. brief
7. Cry : sob : : laugh :____________
A. wail B. murmur C. giggle D. shout
8. Roof : house : : sim card : _______________
A. cell phone B. charger C. store D. video
9. dry season : drought : : rain : ___________________
A. barometer B. floods
C. garbage
D. snow
10. Doctor : hospital : : sales lady :__________________
A. buyers B. items C. manager D. store
For items number 11-15, identify the type of analogy
implied in each of the items.
________11. Cheap : expensive : : high : low
A. synonym C. part to whole
B. antonym
D. person to place/role/specialization
________12. Teacher : instructs : : carpenter : builds
A. synonym C. part to whole
B. antonym
D. person to place/role/specialization
________13. Pedal : bicycle : : monitor : computer
A. synonym C. part to whole
B. antonym D. cause and effect
14. Gather : collect : : elders : ancestors
A. synonym C. part to whole
B. antonym D. cause and effect
________15. Drought: famine : : deforestation : soil
erosion
A. synonym C. part to whole
B. antonym D. cause and effect
TEST III.
Directions: Complete the analogies by identifying the missing items.
Write your answers in your notebook.
1. Rain is to monsoon as wind is to ______.
a. hot
b. warm
c. breeze
d. wet
2. Brightness is to bright as heaviness is to ____.
a. light
b. heave
c. heavy
d. greatness
3. Pianist is to piano as singer is to _______.
a. guitar
b. drums
c. stove d. oven
4. Nose is to smell as tongue is to _______.
a. hear
b. feel
c. see
d. taste
5. Sun is to day as moon is to ______.
a. noon
b. morning
c. weekend
d. night
6. Remote is to television as mouse is to _____.
a. computer b. cellphone
c. Voice
d. stage
7. Ring is to finger as crown is to ______.
a. ankle
b. neck
c. head
d. wrist
8. March is to April as November is to _____.
a. January
b. February
c. October
d. December
9. Scientist is to genius as news anchor is to ___.
a. dishonest
b. incoherent
c. credible
d. unreliable
10. Frugal is to practical as generous is to ____.
a. careless
b. snob
c. talkative
d. giving
• This class is going to be divided into 6 groups. So,
Group Activity
Criteria:
Content – 50
Teamwork – 25
Creativity - 25
100 points
column 1 is Group A, column 2, is group B, and so
on.
• One representative from each group is asked to
come here in front and pick a rolled paper to
know what analogy type you are assigned to.
• Then, your task is to make 3 analogies based on
your assigned analogy type.
• You are only given 10 minutes to do the activity.
One of you is going to present and explain their
answers in front.
“Do not let what you cannot do
interfere with what you can do.”
- John Wooden
You may lack motivation for a
certain topic because there are
some things you may not
understand. However, do not focus
on what you cannot do, look at
what you are capable of. Start off
with what you can do, and you will
learn more as you go.
Thank you