7 English Quarter 1 – Module 1 ANALOGY 1 English - Grade 7 Quarter 1 - Module 1: Analogy Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such an agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalty. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team of the Module Contextualizers: Rhoda B. Caca, MTI, Apas National High School Haide M. Mayol, TIII, Apas National High School Michell A. Rosales, TI, Agsungot Integrated School May L. Suribas, TI, Apas National High School Content/Language/Layout Editors: Clarisse A. Cortes, TI, Mambaling National School Tristan Alexine T. Lanaria, TI, Abellana National School Management Team: Rhea Mar A. Angtud EdD, Schools Division Superintendent Bernadette A. Susvilla EdD, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Grecia F. Bataluna, Chief EPS, Curriculum Implementation Division Norman R. Gabales EdD EPSvr -English Vanessa L. Harayo, EPSvr -LRMS Printed in the Philippines by DepEd Cebu City Division Office Address: Imus Avenue, Cebu City Telefax: (032) 255-1516 / (032) 253-9095 E-mail Address: cebu.city@deped.gov.ph 2 (DAY 1) Pretest Directions: Read each item carefully and write only the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper. For items number 1-4, identify the term described. _____1. This analogy uses a set of words having opposite meanings. A. antonym C. part to whole B. cause and effect D. synonym _____2. This analogy involves sets of words that mean the same thing. A. antonym C. part to whole B. cause and effect D. synonym _____3. This type of analogy involves a set of words in which a part of something is compared to the whole in a way similar to another part of something is compared to the whole. A. antonym C. part to whole B. cause and effect D. synonym _____4. This analogy contains one word that is the source of some action or condition, and another word that is the result or consequence. A. antonym B. cause and effect C. part to whole D. synonym For items number 5 -10, choose a word to complete an analogy. 5. arms: body : : branch: _______________ A. bark B. plant C. shade 6. portable: movable: : boastful: __________________ A. brave B. cold C. proud 7. love: hate: : kind: ______________________ A. cruel B. dull C. just 8. lawyer: defend : : architect: _____________ A. account B. build C. compose 9. happy: joyful: : ____________: courageous A. brave B. coward C. proud 10. cavities: toothache: virus: : _____________. A. disease B. health C. wind D. tree D. warm D. pretty D. plan D. smart D. thermometer For items number 11-14, identify the type of analogy implied in each of the items. 11. poverty: wealth: : sickness: health A. antonym C. part to whole B. synonym D. person to place/role/specialization 3 12. botanist: plants: : zoologist: animals A. antonym C. part to whole B. synonym D. person to place/role/specialization 13. pleasant: nice:: famous: popular A. antonym C. part to whole B. synonym D. person to place/role/specialization 14. finger: hand: : button: shirt A. antonym C. part to whole B. synonym D. person to place/role/specialization 15. What type of analogy is shown here? A teacher is to school as a doctor is to hospital. A. antonym B. synonym C. part to whole D. person to place/role/specialization Day 2 ANALOGY Lesson 1 What I Need to Know After going through the process of discovery with the learning tasks, you are expected to: 1. recognize analogies in a given set of words; and 2. express the importance of studying word relationships in analogies. What’s In Directions: Look at these pictures. :: A B How is each picture related to each other? face: body: monitor: ___________________ What’s New 4 Analogy is a pair of terms that has common relationship. Usually, you will not only determine the common relationship between each pair but you will also identify which term makes up each pair. In other words, analogy is word relationships. (A) (B) Example: face: body: : monitor: computer (Face and body are related since the face is part of the body in the same manner as monitor and computer are related since the monitor is part of a computer.) Analogy is used by writers to connect unfamiliar words or new ideas with common and familiar objects. Through analogies, the reader analyzes a pair of terms by examining its similarities and differences and figures out the connection between them. Type 1. Synonyms 2. Antonyms 3. Part to whole 4. Cause and effect 5. Person to place/ role/ specialization Common Types of Analogy Meaning Examples The words have the same meaning. Small: tiny : : wide: large The words have opposite Light: dark : humble: proud meanings. A word is part of the other word. finger: hand :: petal: flower One word is the result of the other Fire: smoke: : explosion: loud word. noise One word is the workplace or Author: write: : gardener: plant function of the other word. For young readers like you, analogy is important in building your vocabulary skills and developing critical thinking. How do analogies work? Through analogies, learners will be able to develop a deep understanding of words by discovering meaningful relationships. When they form logical connections between words, they form a “mental network of ideas”; thus, comprehension is enhanced and retention is increased. (https://teacherthrive.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/analogy-blog-pin-03.jpg) What I Can Do Directions: Identify the type of analogy in each set of word pairs. Choose your answer from the word pool given. part to whole synonyms antonyms cause and effect person to place/role and specialization __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ancestors: elders: :compile: gather complex: simple:: brief: short wing: bird: tire: car carpenter:build: : tailor: sew hungry: eat: tire: : rest 5 What I Have Learned Directions: Complete the sentence to summarize your learning of this lesson I learned that analogy is ______________________________________________ and It is important because ______________________________________________________. Day 3 Lesson 2 Analogy -Synonyms, Antonyms, and Part to Whole What I Need to Know After going through the process of discovery with the learning tasks, you are expected to: 1.determine the relationship of a given set of words, and 2. supply an appropriate word to complete an analogy. What’s In huge large big gigantic What does the diagram show? How are the words related to each other? The diagram shows words having almost the same meaning. These words are called synonyms. What’s New 6 Synonyms are considered a type of analogy. This analogy involves sets of words that mean the same thing, such as huge is similar to large and gigantic. On the other hand, an analogy with antonyms uses a set of words having opposite meanings, such as hot and cold or day and night. Part to whole analogy involves a set of words in which a part of something is compared to the whole in a way similar to another part of something is compared to the whole. Type of Analogy Examples 1. Synonym Happy: joyful: : start: begin 2.Antonym Old: young: : far: near 3. Part to whole Branch: tree: : wheel: car Explanation Happy and joyful have the same meaning, as start and begin, so they are synonyms. Old and young are opposites as far and near. These words are antonyms. The branch is part of the tree in the same manner as the wheel is part of a car. The relationship in this set of words is Part to whole. What I Can Do Directions: Choose an appropriate word to complete the analogy. 1. Brief is to short as tough is to____________ curved hard long wide 2. Raw is to cooked as smooth is to: ________________ clean neat rough tender 3. Rich is to ____________ as barren is to unproductive. big famous great wealthy 4. Fins are to fish as ____________ are to birds. air fly trees wings 5. Fingers are to hands as toes are to ___________. feet hair walk nails What I Have Learned Directions: Complete the statement with significant insights you gained from this lesson. An analogy with synonyms uses______________________________, while analogy showing antonyms involves ___________________________________________. Part to whole is an analogy________________________________. What’s More 7 Directions: Write three (3) synonyms, antonyms and part to whole showing analogy. Examples are provided to you. SYNONYMS large: big :: shout: scream 1. 2. 3 ANTONYMS sad: happy:: bored: exciting 1. 2. 3 PART TO WHOLE kitchen: house ::keyboard: computer 1. 2. 3 Day 4 Lesson 3 Analogy- Cause and Effect, and Person to Place, Role/Function What I Need to Know After going through the process of discovery with the learning tasks, you are expected to: 1. identify the type of relationship involved in a set of words; 2. complete an analogy with an appropriate word, and 3. write the importance of understanding analogy in words. What’s In Study the picture. What does the picture show? What will happen if this activity continues? The picture shows uncontrolled cutting of trees in the forest (cause) which will result in flooding, landslides and soil erosion (effects). So, there is a cause and effect relationship. 8 What’s New Another common type of analogy is the cause and effect. This analogy contains one word that is the cause, or the source of some action or condition, and another word that is the effect, or the result or consequence. Examples Explanation 1.sleepy: yawn: itching: scratch Yawning is the effect of being sleepy. In the same way as when you scratch a part of your body, it is because something itches. The cause of the earthquake is the movement of tectonic plates. Earthquakes are the result of such movement. Rain is the effect of clouds heavy with water vapor (cause). 2. movement of tectonic plates: earthquake: : saturated clouds: rain Person to place or /role /specialization is another common type of analogy. This analogy presents words in which one word is the workplace or role/function of the first word given. To better understand these concepts, study the table below. Examples Explanation Zoologist: animals:: botanist: plants Zoologists specialize in animals as botanists study plants. Both sets of word pairs show a person to place/ function/role relationship. saleslady: store: :cook: kitchen What I Can Do Directions: Choose the appropriate word to complete an analogy. 1. Careless is to accident as careful is to____________. lucky mistake safety satisfy 2. Tired is to sleep as hungry is to _____________. dance eat exercise nap 3. Teacher is to _________ as author is to write. hunt instruct publish sell 4. Architect is to plan as lawyer is to ____________. build campaign defend win 5. Improper waste disposal is to __________: explosion: loud noise clogged waterways landslides rain waves 9 What I Have Learned Directions: Complete the statement with your significant learning of this lesson. Through analogies I will be able to _________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________. What’s More Directions: A. Identify the type of analogy given in each item. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. ___________1. ___________2. ___________3. ___________4. ___________5. part to whole synonyms antonyms cause and effect person to place and role or specialization Shout: yell: : timid: shy High: low: light: dark Needle: sewing machine: steps: stairs Doctor: diagnoses: detective: investigates Attractive: beautiful: : merciful: compassionate B.Write three (3) cause and effect and person to place or /role /specialization showing analogy. cause and effect 1. 2. 3 Person to place or /role /specialization 1. 2. 3 Post Test Directions: Read each item carefully and write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper. For items number 1-6. Choose the appropriate word to complete an analogy. 1. War is to __________: as heavy rains are to landslide. A. destruction B. peace C. soldiers D. weapon 2. An author is to write as chef is to ______________. A. cook B. drive C. shove D. sing 3. Empty is to _________ as tough is to soft. A. dense B. full C. mild D. wicked 4. Tree is to forest as athlete is to _________. A. fruits B. medal C. team D. shoes 10 5. Polite is to courteous as style is to ________. A. fashion B. nice C. pretty D. ugly 6.comprehensive: limited: : complex: ____________ A. hard B. simple C. new D. brief 7. cry: sob: : laugh: :____________ A. wail B. murmur C. giggle D. shout 8. roof: house: : sim card: _______________ A. cell phone B. charger C. store D. video 9. dry season: drought: : rain : ___________________ A. barometer B. floods C. garbage D. snow 10. doctor: hospital: : sales lady:__________________ A. buyers B. items C. manager D. store For items number 11-15, identify the type of analogy implied in each of the items. ________11. Cheap: expensive: : high : low A. synonym C. part to whole B. antonym D. person to place/role/specialization ________12. Teacher: instructs: : carpenter: : builds A. synonym C. part to whole B. antonym D. person to place/role/specialization ________13. Pedal: bicycle: : monitor: computer A. synonym C. part to whole B. antonym D. cause and effect ________14. Gather: collect: : elders: ancestors A. synonym C. part to whole B. antonym D. cause and effect ________15. Drought: famine: : deforestation: : soil erosion A. synonym C. part to whole B. antonym D. cause and effect 11 References: https://www.examples.com/education/analogy-examples.html https://literarydevices.net/analogy/ https://www.dreamstime.com/photos-images/illegal-logging.html https://classroominthemiddle.com/solving-ten-types-of-analogies/ https://teacherthrive.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/analogy-blog-pin-03.jpg Answer Key Day 2-What I Can Do Day 3-What I Can Do 1. B- synonyms 1. hard 2. C- antonyms 2. rough 3. B-part to whole 3. wealthy 4. D- person to place/role& 4. wings 5. feet specialization 5. D-cause an effect Day 4-What I Can Do Day 4-What ‘s More 1. mistake 1. synonyms 2. eat 2. antonyms 3. instructs 3. part to whole 4. defend 4. person to place/ role/specialization 5. clogged waterways 5. synonyms 12
