Regime
Govern
ment
Govern
ment
In 2010
the
Conserv
ative
Party
won the
House
of
Commo
ns after
13
Traditio
n and
stability
Electio
n
fi
Legitim
acy
fi
fi
UK
Democr
atic
Russia
Authorita
rian
Unitary,
but
turning
more has
Putin
won
every
election
in the
rst
round of
voting in
each of
his
elections
Tradition
and
nationalis
m
China
Authorita
rian
Federal
but
asymmet
ric direct
No
elections
of high
ranking
governm
ental
of cials,
appointe
d from
within
the
party
Revoluti
on and
economic
growth
Iran
Authoritar
ian
Mexico
Emerging
Democracy
Unitary
Unitary
Supreme
Leader is
not
directly
elected by
the
people,
Supreme
Leader
directly
and
Revolutio
n and
religion
In 2018
President
Nieto who
was
constitution
ally
prevented
from
running
again, saw
his
party
Revolution
and
constitution
Nigeria
Emerging Democracy
Federal
In 2015 Nigeria saw its rst
transfer of power between parties
through a presidential election
Independence and constitution
Losing
legitim
acy
System
Head of
State
Head of
Govern
ment
Legisla
tive
Upper
House
Lower
House
Elector
al
System
Brexit
has
caused
much
political
and
economi
c strife
in the
UK and
caused
the
Conserv
ative
Party to
lose
Parliam
entary,
Monarc
h, no
term
limit
Prime
Minister
, no
term
Bicamer
al
House
of Lords
House
of
Commo
SMD
plurality
Mass
protests
against
electoral
fraud in
the 2011
elections,
leading
to mass
arrests of
oppositio
n party
members
SemiPresident
ial
President
, two
consecuti
ve 6 year
Prime
Minister
Hybrid
Federatio
n
Council
State
Duma
Mix of
SMD and
PR
99.3%
convictio
n rate has
been
used by
President
Xi
Jinping
to
increase
punishme
nt of
activists
who have
been
protestin
Authorita
rian
President
, two 5
year term
limit
Premier
Unicame
ral
National
People’s
Congress
Human
rights
abuse
history of
the nation
The
inability to
deal with
certain
social
issues, such
as the
predominan
ce of
organized
crime,
disrupts the
nation's
legitimacy
The lack of free and fair elections
in Nigeria has caused the
population to distrust its political
processes
Authoritar
ian
Presidential
Presidential
Supreme
Leader
President
Unicamer
al
The
Majles
/
/
/
SMD and
MMD
President,
one 6 year
term limit
(Sexenio)
President,
one 6 year
term limit
(Sexenio)
Bicameral
Senate
Chamber of
Deputies
Mix of
SMD and
PR
President, two consecutive 4 year
term limit
President, two consecutive 4 year
term limit
Bicameral
Senate
House of Representatives
SMD plurality
Legisla
tive
indepen
dence
Judiciar
y
indepen
dence
Social
issue
Conside
red
more
indepen
No true
indepen
dence
No true
independ
ence
No true
independ
ence
No true
independ
ence
No true
independ
ence
Healthca
re
Labor
Inequalit
y
No true
independe
nce
No true
independe
nce
Gender
inequality,
access to
education
Considered
more
independen
tTransitioni
ng towards
independen
ce
Access to
abortion
and
education
Considered more independent
Transitioning towards
independence
Access to education
fi
fl
Civil
Society
Well
establish
ed, very
active in
society
and
in uenti
al on
policy
making,
govern
ment
supports
civil
society
and
protects
civil
society
Underde
veloped
and
emerging
, highly
limited
by the
governm
ent,
especiall
y under
Putin,
civil
society
groups
must
register
with the
governm
ent and
this
process
is made
extremel
y
dif cult,
Underde
veloped
and
emerging
,
governm
ent
controls
media,
internet,
which is
one
limitation
on
NGOs,
religious
groups in
particular
are
closely
controlle
d, an
example
would be
the
1999-200
Extremely
limited,
newspape
rs were
closed,
banned,
and
censored
and less
toleration
of
protests,
governme
nt has
limited
public
gatherings
, free
speech,
free
media,
arrests of
those who
speak out
against
the
Developed,
despite one
party
domination
for almost
70 years of
history,
Mexico has
always had
a lively and
engaged
civil
society,
most of the
NGOs are
focused on
human
rights as
violence,
drug
cartels, and
failure on
the part of
the
government
to protect
Underdeveloped and emerging,
however since 2017 the Nigerian
government has been working on
an NGO bill that would regulate
NGOs and limit civil society, civil
society also faces limitations that
are non-government accusations
of mistrust of the public because
of belief that many NGOs are
corrupt
fi
fl
Violent
Politica
l
Behavi
or
The IRA
(Irish
Republi
can
Army)
committ
ed acts
of
violence
in order
to regain
indepen
dence
for
Norther
n
Ireland,
UK
respond
ed with
army
occupati
on to try
and end
IRA
attacks
Chechen
con ict
and wars
have
raged for
years in
Russia,
Chechens
, an
Islamic
minority
group,
continue
to resist
Russia’s
control
of the
once
independ
ent
nation,
currently
Chechny
a is once
again
under
2009
Uyghur
riots
erupted
in the
capital
city of
Xinjiang,
Chinese
governm
ent has
responde
d with
violence,
even
going as
far as to
set up
concentra
tion
camps
trying to
shape the
political
socializat
ion of the
In
2019-20,
there were
nationwid
e protests
over the
signi cant
increases
in oil
prices in
Iran,
protestors
were
initially
peaceful
but
became
more
violent
with some
calling for
the
removal
of the
Supreme
Leader,
In 1994, the
Zapatista
Army
declared
war on the
Mexican
Governmen
t
demanding
work, land,
education,
etc. for the
indigenous
populations
of Chiapas,
the result
was an
expansion
of
indigenous
rights
Boko Haram is a terrorist group
that seeks to create an independent
state in Nigeria, it uses violence,
kidnapping, etc. to challenge the
Nigerian government, Nigerian
government has responded with
violence.
fi
Social
Cleava
ges
Ethnic
and
regional
differen
ces
between
nations
such as
the
Scottish,
English,
Welsh,
and
Irish,
religious
differen
ces
between
Protesta
nts and
Catholic
s in
Norther
n
Ireland,
and
racial
tensions
between
whites
Cleavage
s
between
ethnic
Russians,
who are
more
than 80
percent
of the
populatio
n and
tend to
be
Russian
Orthodox
, and
minority,
nonRussian
populatio
ns,
Russia
has
fought
two wars
in
Chechny
a in the
1990s to
Ethnic
and
regional
divisions
between
the
majority
Han
ethnic
group
and at
least 55
recognize
d ethnic
minoritie
s, such as
the
Uyghurs
in the
northwes
t and the
Tibetans
in the
southwes
t, and
between
areas that
have
develope
d at
Religious
divisions
between
the Shi’a
Muslim
majority
and
members
of other
religions
have
resulted in
a
threatenin
g
atmospher
e despite
of cial
recognitio
n, within
practition
ers of
Islam,
there are
divisions
between
the Shi’a
majority
and those
who are
Ethnic
divisions
between the
indigenous
population
and whites
and
mestizos,
and
regional
divisions
between the
north and
the south,
as a result
of the
Zapatas
uprisings of
1994 in
Chiapas the
Mexican
government
granted
indigenous
people the
right of
selfdeterminati
on with the
incorporati
Ethnic divisions among more than
250 ethnic groups, and religious
and regional cleavages between
the north (predominantly Muslim)
and the south (where Christians
and animists are concentrated), in
the 1999 Constitution federalism
was installed into the government
to create a strong central
government that distributes power
to the states and allows Sharia law
in the North, the government has
also seized territory and used the
military against Islamic separatist
groups like Boko Haram
Market
Forces
most
privatize
s its
national
resource
s
although
there is
a certain
level of
regulati
on
Under
the
governm
ent of
Putin
there
have
been
some
instances
of
nationali
zation or
renationali
zation,
Yukos,
an oil
company,
was
integrate
d into the
stateowned
least
privatizes
its
natural
resources
, Special
Economi
c Zones
(SEZs)
which
are
regions
along its
east coast
that have
a more
"liberal"
handling
of the
economy
still
reliant on
oil as its
main
economic
activity,
but it its
trying to
stray
away
from it,
struggle
to
integrate
in the
Internatio
nal
market
after the
impositio
n of
sanctions
In recent
years the
government
has made
efforts to
privatize
sectors of
PEMEX to
increase
competition
within the
Mexican oil
and natural
gas market
Nigerian National Petroleum
Corporation (NNPC) is a stateowned company and it is crucial
for Nigeria's economy, although it
is controlled by the government,
NNPC has engaged in joint
activities with other nations to
extract and produce oil
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
Social
Movem
ents
Environ
mental
moveme
nt when
The
British
populati
on has
become
increasi
ngly
concern
ed about
its
negative
environ
mental
impact
and this
moveme
nt
demand
s the
adoption
of more
compreh
ensive
Russian
state
Duma’s
passage
of
legislatio
n against
same-sex
couples
in 2013
has led to
massive
domestic
protests
to change
society
and how
it views
same-sex
couples,
the
protests
are not
led by a
speci c
organizat
ion but
More
recent
moveme
nts
include
the ght
for
Uighur
Rights,
which
have
brought
as its
goal to
raise
awarenes
s about
the
human
rights
abuses
committe
d from
the
governm
ent
against
The
Green
Movemen
t was a
social
movemen
t born out
of the
corruption
identi ed
in the
2009
presidenti
al
election,
the goal
of the
Green
Movemen
t was to
force the
governme
nt into
more
transparen
t and fair
elections,
The
Zapatistas
uprising in
Mexico
was a social
movement
in response
to
socioecono
mic
inequality
and the
negative
impact of
the North
American
Free Trade
Agreement
(NAFTA)
on
indigenous
peoples, the
government
responded
to the
pressure of
the social
MEND is a loose web of armed
groups in Nigeria who use a
variety of means to attack the oil
industry in the area in order to
bring about a larger share in the
oil wealth for the Niger Delta, the
group is extremely disorganized,
having recently split into one
group that has accepted a cease re
and another still attacking the oil
industry and claiming to speak for
all members of MEND, MOSOP
is simply an umbrella organization
of 11 different organizations
ghting for social, economic, and
environmental justice in the Niger
Delta, using non-violent actions,
the group has been able to bring
international attention to the issues
in the Niger Delta with its protests
against the Shell oil company in
the 1990s to try and put pressure
on the government to enact
change, Boko Haram movement is
attempting to establish an Islamic
state in northern Nigeria, it is
another loosely organized military