Vitobello 1 Delma Vitobello Professor Rossi EN105-1 April 12, 2023 Gender Comparison – Women and Men’s Roles at Work and Home The main differences in gender discrimination can be observe in many fields but the most notorious ones are in the working and in the domestic environment. Although there are ore similarities than the past, there are still many differences between these two genders. Despite progress developed in century, there is still a significant gender pat gap, with women earning less than man in most profession. Not only Women are overlooked for promotion and do not have the same opportunity for carrer advancement as males have but they also have different wages. According to Pew Research Center, women ages 35 to 44 and 45 to 54 earned $545.7 billion less than their male counterparts. (Eileen Patten and Kim Parker) These gets difficult bathe looking for a full-time and a part-time job addressing pay equity and ensuring equal pay for equal work is important but what gets lost is the opportunity gap,” said Lydia Frank, PayScale’s vice president of content strategy. Another clear discrepancy exists in the working gap where women deal with stress trough out job interview better than man. Women are 25-46% more likely to get job when there are blind interviews or audition (Bec Eaton). Directly connected to the wage gap is the issue there is the issue of the glass ceiling that marks the differences between women and man in the work place. The term glass ceiling refers to a metaphorical invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from seeing promoted to Vitobello 2 managerial- and executive- level position within an organization or industry (Julian Kalgan). The disparity in equality between nations fiddlers and may be influences by cultural benefits that prevent women and members of minority groups form entering the labor. American business have replied to the inequality gap be emphasizing on efforts to widen diversity. This entails employing workers who primary duty it is to ensure that minorities and women are properly represented in management-level roles. Companies can guarantee that the most qualified applications hold decision-making positions by concentration on policies that lower or do away with the “glass ceiling” (Audrey Babic’, Isabelle Hansez) Another important isssue connected to the works affected but the gender inequality are the prejudice. Women expected prejudice when applied for a job or make a job interview due to a preference to the other gender. These prejudices become from a bias or for the fear and the weed that a woman mat become pregnant in a future so do not be at the same levels as a man (Amy Diego, Amber L. Stephenson, and Leanne M. Dzubinski). In is well know that the desire of creates a family is the first question during in a job interview for a woman but it is not for a man. In many countries asking this specific question in illegal like in the USA and Canada but in others is very common like Italy. As The Real Estate Conversation reports According to a recent survey by the employment company Hays, as many as 13% of women had to answer questions during an interview about their desires to start a family or their caregiving responsibilities. The research also revealed that, of the 13%, 22% felt their responses had an effect on their ability to obtain the job. (Can you ask a woman about her plans for a family in a job interview?) Unfortunately, these practices of discrimination are not diffused only in the work environment, but also in the domestic field which can lead to many negative outcomes. Indeed, the traditional role of women tends to be associated with home, cleaning, cooking, and looking Vitobello 3 after children. Consequently, this affects their role in housework. For instance, as pointed out by the Gender Equality Index: “About 91 % of women with children spend at least an hour per day on housework, compared with 30 % of men with children.” (Gender differences in household chores entrenched from childhood). An additional stereotype present in the domestic field is the housework done by women, such as taking care of children; moreover, this type of work is unpaid and unvalued. As the UN WOMEN reported, women spend at least 2.5 times more unpaid home and care work than men, involving everything like cleaning, cooking, looking after children and the elderly, doing groceries, and bringing the children to school. This last aspect is fundamental to consider since schools have fixed hours and many women cannot work during that time. Even if they decide to work, their entire salary would be spent on hiring a babysitter at the minimum wage. The expense of care that maintains families, supports economies, and frequently compensates for the lack of social services is subsidized by women's unpaid employment (Redistribute unpaid work). The New York Times explains that the women’s unpaid labor is worth $10,900,000,000 (Wezerek and R. Ghodsee) but despite of the immense work that goes into maintaining a home with all that it entails, society still does not consider it as such, not being paid and being considered the basis of a woman’s duties. Vitobello 4 Works Cited List Eaton, Bec. “4 Examples of Gender Discrimination in Hiring Practices.” Vervoe, 5 Sept. 2022, https://vervoe.com/gender-discrimination-in-hiring-practices/. Emma. “Can You Ask a Woman about Her Plans for a Family in a Job Interview?” The Real Estate Conversation, 10 Mar. 2019, https://www.therealestateconversation.com.au/2019/03/11/can-you-ask-woman-about-herplans-family-job-interview/1552241714. “Gender Differences on Household Chores Entrenched from Childhood.” European Institute for Gender Equality, 27 Jan. 2022, https://eige.europa.eu/publications/gender-equality-index2021-report/gender-differences-household-chores. Greenwood, Shannon. “The Enduring Grip of the Gender Pay Gap.” Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project, Pew Research Center, 1 Mar. 2023, https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2023/03/01/the-enduring-grip-of-the-genderpay-gap/. I;, Babic A;Hansez. “The Glass Ceiling for Women Managers: Antecedents and Consequences for Work-Family Interface and Well-Being at Work.” Frontiers in Psychology, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33767646/. Kagan, Julia. “The Glass Ceiling: Definition, History, Effects, and Examples.” Investopedia, Investopedia, 19 Dec. 2022, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/glass-ceiling.asp. “Redistribute Unpaid Work.” UN Women – Headquarters, https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/csw61/redistribute-unpaid-work. “S3 e5: Shattering Glass Ceilings for Women: Going Head First against Gender Bias with Dr. Amy Diehl.” Nancy Yen Shipley M.D, 27 May 2021, https://www.nancymd.com/podcasts/s3-e5-shattering-glass-ceilings-for-women-goinghead-first-against-gender-bias-with-dr-amy-diehl/. Wezerek, Gus, and Kristen R. Ghodsee. “Women's Unpaid Labor Is Worth $10,900,000,000,000.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 5 Mar. 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/04/opinion/women-unpaid-labor.html.
