Uploaded by nhat ho

Theo dau chan Phat full

advertisement
“
ŌƏNBOHTDžƺOHLIưJUSƤOWBJ
*JƳUUSƙOHHJƳUNNJDEƞNEƍJTƎDIJ
/ǁDILjVWJMǁDWƴWJ
7VƩLIƴOHCJƦOIưBUǀZOHIJijƦUƪOI
”
0,1+ŌƄ&75,Ţ87Ő0Ŏ1+
Lời tựa
T
{LÿmKDLOҫQWKăPYLӃQJÿҩW3KұWWUѭӟFNKLYLӃWEӝ
ÿҥLVӱM͡WFX͡FÿͥLP͡WY̯QJQK̵WQJX\͏W7{LFKӍ
ÿӃQQKӳQJÿӏDGDQKOӏFKVӱTXDQWUӑQJÿӇWҥRFҧP
[~F FKR WUDQJ YLӃW FӫD PuQK &ӝQJ Fҧ KDL OҫQ W{L ÿL WKăP
ÿѭӧF %RGK *D\Ɨ %ӗ ĈӅ ĈҥR7UjQJ 6DUQDWK /ӝF 8\ӇQ WKjQK%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL YѭӡQ/XPELQƯ /kP7Ǥ1L V{QJ
5RKL৆Ư WKjQK .DSLODYDWWKX &D 7Ǥ /D 9Ӌ WKjQK 6ƗYDWWKƯ
;i9Ӌ -HWDYDQƗUƗPD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i Q~L.XNNX৬DSƗGD
.r7~F WKjQK.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP V{QJ*DৄJƗ +ҵQJ WKjQK 9HVƗOL 7Ǥ ;i /\ 3KұW GLӋW ÿӝ .XVLQƗUƗ &kX 7KL
&D 9HশXYDQDYLKƗUD 7U~F /kP WӏQK [i WKjQK 5ƗMDJDKD
9ѭѫQJ ;i YѭӡQ WKXӕF FӫD WKҫQ \ -ƯYDND .Ǥ %j QJөF
QKӕWÿӭFYXD%LPELVƗUD %uQK6D Q~L*LMMKDNnj৬DJLUL /LQK
7KӭX Yj.nj৬ƗJƗUD KѭѫQJSKzQJ FӫDĈӭF7KӃ7{Q'ѭӡQJ
QKѭFKӍFyEҩ\QKLrX7ӋWKұWĈRjQGX7ăQJKjQKFѭӟFÿҫXÿj
5
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
NK{QJFKӍWUҧLTXDFKӯQJҩ\ÿӏDGDQKPjJLDQODRYjYҩWYҧ
KѫQQKLӅXKӑÿLFҧKҵQJWUăPÿӏDÿLӇPNKiFQӳDPjÿDSKҫQ
FiFÿRjQGXOӏFKNK{QJELӃW
6ѭ&KѫQ7tQWiFJLҧFӫDWiFSKҭP7KHRG̭XFKkQ3K̵Wÿm
FKLrPTXDQҨQĈӝEDOҫQUӗLQKѭQJOҫQWKӭWѭQj\ OӝWUuQKÿL
Yj YӅ KѫQ ED QJjQ ViX WUăP Fk\ Vӕ Yj WUҧL TXD QJj\ GҫP
VѭѫQJGmLQҳQJ7KұWOj³KmLKQJNLQKNKLӃS´&y{QJ6ѭQҵP
³OӏP´EөLEӡQJyFÿҫXGұ\OҥLÿL&y{QJ6ѭQJKLQJӡFiLWKkQ
³EiRÿӝQJJLҧ´YuQyEҧRÿDXQKѭQJKӓLÿDXӣÿkXWKuQyEҧR
NK{QJELӃW&y{QJ6ѭÿLWuPPyQJFKkQNK{QJELӃWQyUѫLO~F
QjRFKӍFyEXQJWUyFUӍPiXWKuӣOҥL&y{QJ6ѭQKuQPuQKOҭQ
WKҭQNK{QJU}QҳQJQKXӝPGDKD\GDQKXӝP\"+LKLÐQJ6ѭ
QjRFNJQJWӃXFNJQJGtGӓPKD\FKtQKWiFJLҧWӃXWiFJLҧGtGӓP"
1KѭQJÿӑFQJKHPjWKѭѫQJY{FQJ
ĈLFQJWiFJLҧFyKX\QKÿӋ&KѫQ+ӳX7KLӋQ1LӋP7XӋ
1KkQYӟLWUrQYӏ6ѭ7KiLGѭӡQJQKѭKӑÿmTXHQÿѭӡQJOӕL
TXHQFҧQKXFҫXWӕLWKLӇXYӅăQPһFӣQJӫQJKӍ«WKLӃXWKӕQ
YjJLDQNKәWUăPEӅ$LFNJQJELӃWUҵQJFKѭ7ăQJWKӡLQD\NK{QJ
WKLӃXWKӭJuYӅWӭVӵFKӍQJҥLOjTXHQOӧLGѭӥQJWK{L1KѭQJYu
NtQK\rXĈӭF3KұWWKѭѫQJELÿҩWҨQ[yWÿDXGkQҨQ«ÿmTXrQ
3KұWFҧQJjQQăPQrQKӑSKҧLÿLWuQKQJX\ӋQÿLÿӇJLHRKuQK
ҧQK7ăQJÿRjQWKXӣ[ѭDWUrQTXrKѭѫQJKӑ'RYұ\WiFJLҧNӇ
UҵQJăQFѫPPLJLiQFNJQJWKҩ\QJRQQJӫWUrQQӅQÿҩWEҵQJ
ÿmOjKҥQKSK~FQJӫOӅXPjQѭӟFNK{QJWKҩPGӝWÿmOjQKѭWLrQ
UӗL1ѭӟFQ{LWҳPJLһWNӋ9ӋVLQKYӋVLӃFNӋ'DQәLPӕFYҵQ
6
/ƻJUNJB
PӕFWUҳQJQҩPÿӓQҩPÿHQFNJQJNӋOX{Q1KӳQJiQKPҳWNǤ
WKӏWzPzOүQFҧQKӳQJiQKPҳWYXLYҿKkPPӝÿӅXOjVӵWKұW
FҧPj
&NJQJOҥWiFJLҧYӕQYDLXWKӏWEҳSFiQKWD\TXHQFҫPE~D
WҥÿӇÿұSÿiTXHQFҫPUuXÿӇEӱDFӫLTXHQFҫPFXӕFÿӇFXӕF
ÿҩWTXHQFҫPUӵDÿӇGӑQUӯQJWKӃPjFiQKWD\ҩ\Ek\JLӡ
OҥLFҫPE~WYLӃWYăQYӟLQKӳQJFҧPQKұQUҩWWLQKWӃUҩWWKұW
UҩW³QKҽQKjQJPӅPPҥL´YjFyFҧFKҩWWKѫQӳD&KRGүXWRjQ
WKkQQKӭFÿDXEiRÿӝQJFKRGүXFKi\GDEXӕW[ѭѫQJUҧQK
FK~WOjYLӃWÿrPYӅPӑLQJѭӡLQJӫQJKӍWiFJLҧOҥLYLӃWErQiQK
ViQJÿqQÿRPÿyP«7ӯQJNǤWӯQJNǤW{LÿӅXWKHRG}LYj
ÿӑF9jU}UjQJWiFJLҧFjQJYLӃWFjQJFKҳFWD\FjQJYLӃWFjQJ
KD\ 1KӳQJ WUDQJ YLӃW NK{QJ QKӳQJ QyL UD ÿѭӧF GһP WUѭӡQJ
JLDQNKәPjFzQWҧÿѭӧFVѭѫQJPNKtQ~LWҧÿѭӧFFҧFKLӃFOi
UXQUҭ\QKӳQJFiQKKRDUXQJULQKWURQJQҳQJVӟP«5ӗLQjR
OjÿӫORҥLFKLPKyWNKӍYѭӧQFKtFKyH0jXVҳFPjXVҳFQӳD
Fҧ WUăP VҳF PjX ELӃQ KyD FӫD Pҽ WKLrQ QKLrQ O~F EuQK PLQK
O~FKRjQJK{QO~FÿәLPDFKX\ӇQWLӃW.uDOjKRDFҧLYjQJ
.uDOjKRDJҥRÿӓUӵF6ѭѫQJPQKѭEӭFWUDQKWKӫ\PһF&y
ÿ{LFKӛOҥLQKѭӕFÿҧRWKDQKEuQK1KӳQJFjQKFk\FKѫYѫQKѭ
ÿѭӧFWKzUDWӯNK{QJJLDQJLҩXNtQQjRÿyĈ{LNKLFKӍWҧEҵQJ
ҭQGөEҵQJWXWӯĈ{LNKLFKӍWҧOҩSOӱQJNK{QJQyLKӃW«ÿӇ
FKRÿӝFJLҧWӵQJKƭWӵKLӇXÿҵQJVDXFkXFKӳKRһFFQJWKDP
GӵYjRKjQKWUuQK
&yOӁQKӡRDLOLQKYjKX\ӅQQKLӋPFӫDÿҩW3KұWPjWkPWUt
FҧP[~FFӫDWiFJLҧWӵFKҧ\UDQJzLE~WFKăQJ1KӳQJKӗLӭFYӅ
7
/ƻJUNJB
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
WXәLWKѫYӅFKDPҽEjQJRҥL«WKұWOjFKkQWKjQKYjFҧPÿӝQJ
UiFFKҩWWKҧLSKkQGrFӯXEz«NKҳSQѫLQKѭQJWKӫÿ{YjFiF
1KӳQJWѭGX\YӅQKӳQJPҧQJVӱ3KұWYӅQKӳQJGLFKӍOӏFKVӱ«
WKjQKSKӕOӟQYtQKѭFyPӝWÿiPFѭӟLKҵQJWUăPWӍ«FNJQJOj
FzQFKӭQJWӓWiFJLҧÿmTXDWKӡLJLDQQJKLrQFӭXĈһFELӋWQKҩWOj
³FKX\ӋQWKѭӡQJQJj\ӣKX\ӋQ´
WjLTXDQViWFҧPQKұQOLrQWѭӣQJ«ErQVDXQJѭӡLErQVDXYұW
ĈҩW3KұWKLӋQQD\FӫDFK~QJWDÿy7KLӋWOjELQJL6ӧNKә
VӧFӵFVӧEҭQQKѭQJYүQFӭPXӕQÿL
ErQVDXFҧQK7URQJEөLÿҩWQKuQWKҩ\FKkXQJӑF9ӑFFKkQWURQJ
FiWFҧPQJKHFiLÿDXFӫDGzQJV{QJ%ѭӟFWUrQGӕFÿiGӕFVӓL«
Pj WKѭѫQJ FKѭ7ăQJ WKXӣ [ѭD /ҿQ TXD NKH ÿi ӣ Q~L .r7~F
WKҩ\KuQKҧQKYӏĈӋQKҩWÿҫXÿj1KѭQJÿӑQJOҥLWURQJW{LQKҩW
OjKuQKҧQK{QJ6ѭQJӗLQKѭKyDÿҩW+uQKҧQK{QJ6ѭQҵPGjL
WURQJUӯQJ+uQKҧQK{QJ6ѭWuPJyFNKXҩWÿӇWUҫPWѭ+uQKҧQK
{QJ6ѭQKLӃSWKLӅQTXrQQJRҥLFҧQKĈҩ\PӟLÿ~QJOj³FKҩW´FӫD
9LӃWWҥL7KLӅQYLrQ7KLrQĈӇ1JX\ӋW
7ӕLÿrP9HVDN3O7O
6ƯশDJX৆D0DKƗWKHUD
0LQKĈӭF7ULӅX7kPҦQK
6DP{Q/jKjQKWUDQJFӫD6DP{Q/jWkPFӫD6DP{Q.K{QJ
EDRJLӡTXrQPuQKOj6DP{QÿӇQKuQQJҳPYjFҧPQKұQPӑLVӵ
PӑLYұWPӑLKLӋQWѭӧQJ«
7KHRG̭XFKkQ3K̵WOjWiFSKҭPWKjQKF{QJ+m\ÿLYjKm\
ÿӑF&KѭDÿLPjÿӑFFyOӁKD\KѫQ&iLÿҩWҨQNǤOҥQj\OX{Q
WӗQWҥLKDLFӵFÿRDQ*LjXÿӃQWұQÿӍQK+\PƗOD\DPjQJKqRWKu
UӟWWұQYӵFVkX;DKRDSK~TXêWKuQJҩWQJѭӣQJPjÿyLQJKqR
NKәFӵFFNJQJQJҩWQJѭӣQJNK{QJNpPJu+DLQӅQYăQPLQKFӵF
NǤSKӗQWKӏQKÿmÿLTXDÿk\7ӯQăP7&1ÿӃQ7&1
FyKDLQӅQYăQPLQKUӵFUӥ1ӅQYăQPLQKV{QJ,QGXVFyÿ{WKӏ
WKLӃWNӃNKRDKӑFQJKӋWKXұWYjKRjQKWUiQJNK{QJWKXDJuKLӋQ
QD\1ӅQYăQPLQK9ӋÿjFNJQJOjWKӡLKRjQJNLPFӫDÿҩWҨQ
QKѭF{JiLÿҽSQJӫTXrQWURQJUӯQJTXiOkXQD\ÿmKyDEQKyD
ÿҩWKyDÿi«%k\JLӡWKuYұ\ÿy«EөLEһPKRDQJWjQÿәQiW
8
9
.Ǥ,
rên đất Ấn Độ
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
“&KһQJEӝKjQKÿҫXWLrQFӫDFK~QJW{LFKӯQJNP
Wӯ.RONDWDYӅ%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ ”
Kỳ I - SƤOōƕUŒOŌƹ
Ō
RjQFK~QJW{LÿmÿLTXDNKRҧQJNPӣÿҩW7KiLO~F
Qj\ÿDQJOjPDQyQJ&iLQyQJYjJLyEөLOjPFKRGD
PһWYjGDWD\OӝWKӃWOӟSQj\ÿӃQOӟSNKiFEjQFKkQTXD
EDROӟSERQJUӝSJLӡWUӣQrQGj\FXL
ĈӃQҨQĈӝPDQj\NKiGӉFKӏXQKLӋWÿӝYjRWҫPR&
NK{QJTXiQyQJNK{QJTXiOҥQKWKӡLWLӃWPiWPҿÿӕLYӟLW{L
&zQYӟLÿDVӕFiFYӏ6ѭ7KiLQKѭUXQUҭ\WURQJVѭѫQJVӟP%ӣL
7KiLOj[ӭQyQJFҧÿRjQYӯDÿLPӝWFKһQJGjLQyQJQӵFVDQJ
ÿk\QKLӋWÿӝJLҧPWҫPR&TXҧWKұWOjOҥQK1KӳQJQJj\ÿҫX
Qj\JһSQKLӋWÿӝFKrQKTXiOӟQFiFYӏGӉEӏQKLӉPOҥQKYjKR
.qPWKrPEXәLÿrPFK~QJW{LKҥWUҥLQJӫWUrQQӅQÿҩWFiLOҥQK
WӯÿҩWWKҩPYjRSKәLOҥLFjQJGӉEӋQKKѫQ
5ҩWQKLӅXYӏWURQJÿRjQOҫQÿҫXWLrQÿӃQYӟLÿҩW3KұW+ӑ
KRjQWRjQEӏVӕFYӅYăQKRiӣÿk\EөLEҭQUiFUӃQNKҳSPӑLQѫL
YjÿLӅXWӋOjNK{QJFyFKӛÿLYӋVLQKÿ~QJQѫLÿ~QJFKӛQKѭKӑ
QJKƭӢҨQYӋVLQKÿDSKҫQOjJLӳDWKLrQQKLrQQKѭQJFiFYӏFzQ
FKѭDELӃWÿLYӋVLQKWKLrQQKLrQFzQGӉFKӏXKѫQFiFQKjYӋVLQK
F{QJFӝQJFӵFNǤK{LKiPYjGѫEҭQ+ӑFzQVӕFKѫQNKLFiL
QJKqRFӫDQJѭӡLGkQKLӋQKӳXNKҳSQѫLQJѭӡLUiFUӃQJLDV~F
JLDFҫPӣFQJQKDX7Kҩ\FNJQJWӝLPjWK{LFNJQJNӋFK~QJW{L
FNJQJFKӍQKuQYұ\UӗLÿLOѭӟWTXD
16
1ăPQD\NK{QJ[XҩWSKiWWӯ%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ QѫL%ӗWiWWKjQKÿҥRÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿiSFKX\ӃQED\VӟPWӯ
%DQJNRN VDQJ .RONDWD &DOFXWWD FNJ ÿӇ NKӣL KjQK &KһQJ Eӝ
KjQKÿҫXWLrQFӫDFK~QJW{LFKӯQJNPWӯ.RONDWDYӅ%RGK
*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ 7KjQKYLrQWURQJÿRjQÿDVӕYүQOjFiF
Yӏ6ѭQJѭӡL7KiLFyEӕQYӏOjQJѭӡL9LӋW1DP+ҥFiQK[XӕQJ
SKLWUѭӡQJO~FKViQJFҧÿRjQÿmUӡLNKӓLVkQED\ÿӇEҳWÿҫX
FXӝFKjQKWUuQKWUrQÿҩWҨQ
ĈyQ FK~QJ W{L Oj PӝW ÿRjQ 3KұW Wӱ9LӋW 1DP FXQJ NtQK
ÿҧQKOӉYjGkQJQKӳQJO\WUjVӳDҩPQyQJWӟLFKѭ7ăQJ&ҫP
O\WUjVӳD JUDPFKDL WURQJWD\W{LWKtFKFҧPJLiFKѫLҩPWKҩP
GҫQYjROzQJEjQWD\PuQK1KuQQKӳQJ3KұWWӱWKXҫQWKjQK
FXQJ NtQK W{L WKҩ\ WKұW ҩP OzQJ +ӑ GkQJ WUj VӳD ҩP QyQJ
GkQJYұWWKӵFYjFzQGkQJWKXӕFQJӯDEӋQKWKXӕFEәÿӃQFҧ
ÿRjQ+ӓLUDÿѭӧFELӃWKӑOj3KұWWӱFKD+ѭѫQJĈҥR'DOODV
+RD .Ǥ +ӑ ÿiS FKX\ӃQ ED\ ÿӃQ .RONDWD F~QJ GѭӡQJ 7ăQJ
ÿRjQ Yj ÿL WKHR PӝW ÿRҥQ UӗL OҥL ED\ YӅ %RGK *D\Ɨ %ӗ ĈӅ
ĈҥR7UjQJ 7KӡLNKyDELӇXWURQJQJj\FӫD7ăQJÿRjQWKѭӡQJWKӭFGұ\
O~FKViQJYӋVLQKFiQKkQ[ӃSOҥLOӅXWUҥLKFK~QJW{L
FQJQKDXWөQJWKӡLNLQKKӗLKѭӟQJÿӃQFKѭWKLrQSKLQKkQWKӑ
WKҫQQѫLFK~QJW{LYӯDQJөTXDÿrPKFҧÿRjQFKtQKWKӭFGL
FKX\ӇQ7ӟLJLӡWUѭDW\ÿӏDÿLӇPWҫPKFyK{PKFK~QJ
W{L VӁ GӯQJ ÿӇ ÿL EiW WKӑ WKӵF *Lӡ QJKӍ WUѭD WKѭӡQJ WӟL K
FK~QJW{LOҥLWLӃSWөFOrQÿѭӡQJĈӏDÿLӇPQJKӍÿrPVӁGRQKyP
Kӝ7ăQJÿLWUѭӟFÿRjQWuPNLӃP9ӏWUtKҥWUҥLWKѭӡQJSKҧLUӝQJ
ÿӫFKӛFKRFҧÿRjQKѫQYӏFyQJXӗQQѭӟFYjFiFKÿLӇPQJKӍ
17
Kỳ I - SƤOōƕUŒOŌƹ
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
WUѭDFKӯQJNK{QJTXiNPĈӃQÿLӇPQJKӍÿrPFK~QJW{LQKұQ
OӅXWUҥLWӵWuPFKӛWKtFKKӧSÿӇKҥWUҥLUӗLWuPJLӃQJQѭӟFÿӇYӋ
VLQKWҳPJLһW&K~QJW{LWөQJWKӡLNLQKWӕLFQJQKDXWUѭӟFNKL
PӑLQJѭӡLWӵGRVLQKKRҥWYjQJKӍQJѫL
ĈrPQD\OӅXFӫDW{LGӵQJFҥQKPӝWQJ{LÿӅQҨQĈӝJLiR
KKӑWұSWUXQJWKәLOrQEDKӗLWYjÿӑFYDQJEDOҫQWrQWKҫQ
6īYD Yj FҫX QJX\ӋQ ÆP WKDQK NqQ WUӕQJ FKX{QJ FKNJP FKӑH
YDQJYDQJODQ[DFҧPӝWYQJĈLӅXÿһFELӋWOjkPYDQJWLӃQJ
WUӕQJWUҫPUҩWQӝLOӵFFyWKӇGRQJj\QjRFNJQJÿiQKQrQQJѭӡL
ÿiQKWUӕQJEҳWQKӏSULrQJFӫDPuQK
7{LWKҧKӗQPuQKYjRQKӳQJWKDQKkPҩ\GүXNK{QJKLӇX
QKѭQJW{LWKҩ\kPÿLӋXWKұWKD\6DXFҫXQJX\ӋQKӑÿӕWOrQPӝW
QJӑQOӱDEҵQJKѭѫQJOLӋXYjÿLTXDQKÿӅQEDYzQJ%XәLOӉNpR
GjLWҫPSK~WFҫXQJX\ӋQ[RQJPӑLQJѭӡLUDYӅQJ{LÿӅQWUӣ
OҥLLPOһQJJLӳDNKyLKѭѫQJQJKLQJ~W
?VĚbbŀQVŠO7ļĴ\UíĞ]CSfOaUSAQ‰\URļķ\UQVļCē\U
6DXPӝWQJj\GjLEӝKjQKNKLÿ{LFKkQÿmPӓLW{LQҵP
QJKLrQJ QJKH KѫL WKӣ YjR UD 7UrQ FDR [D NLD EҫX WUӡL QKҧ
[XӕQJ WKӭ iQK ViQJ ÿHQ ÿһF KjQK WUuQK 7KHR GҩX FKkQ 3KұW
PӟLFKӍEҳWÿҫX
1JX\͏QF̯XK͛QJkQ7DP%̫ROX{QJLDK͡FKRP͟LWKjQKYLrQÿRjQ
FK~QJW{LOX{QFKkQP͉PÿiFͱQJÿ͋ÿLK͇WFK̿QJKjQKWUuQKQj\
CĿ1O\UY]YQVļCē\UVĞQt\Vfcĭ\U^VWb`ļķ\U:]ZYObO
7ѭOLӋXҧQK WURQJFҧWұS WiFJLҧ
18
19
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ I - SƤOōƕUŒOŌƹ
&V $at\UCē\UĠ]u\`ķWav\POg:]ZYObOĠĤPĔbĠěcQcĮQVu\Vb`€\V
20
21
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
22
Kỳ I - SƤOōƕUŒOŌƹ
23
.Ǥ,,
Ký Ức
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³+m\ÿӃQÿk\PӝWOҫQFQJFK~QJW{LEӝKjQK
ÿӇFҧPWKҩ\EҥQÿDQJKҥQKSK~FGѭӡQJQjR´
Kỳ II.njLJD
&
RQÿѭӡQJQӕLWLӃSFRQÿѭӡQJWӯQJEѭӟFJLүPFKkQOrQ
GҩXEjQFKkQ&K~QJW{LWLӃSWөFEӝKjQKWURQJVѭѫQJVӟP
YjEөLÿѭӡQJEăQJTXDQKӳQJGһPGjL[DOӝĈRjQFK~QJ
W{LÿLӇPWkPViQJEҵQJTXmQJÿѭӡQJNPFKһQJWLӃSÿӃQÿLӇP
GӯQJFKkQăQWUѭDÿmOrQÿӃQFk\VӕWKӭ
+{PQD\W{LOjPSKѭӟFF~QJGѭӡQJWKӵFSKҭPÿӃQ7ăQJ
ÿRjQQJRjLWKӵFSKҭPW{LQKӡQKyPKӝ7ăQJFKXҭQEӏWKrPWUiL
Fk\YjQѭӟFQJӑWӢErQNLDÿҥLGѭѫQJDQKHPKX\QKÿӋÿDQJWә
FKӭFPӯQJQJj\NKiQKQKұW6ѭSKөFK~QJW{LӢQѫL[DW{LFKӍ
ELӃWOjPFK~WSKѭӟFVӵQKӓQKRLQj\1JX\ӋQGkQJSKҫQSKѭӟF
Qj\ÿӃQkQ6ѭQJѭӡLÿmGҥ\GӛW{LWӯWҩPEpFKRÿӃQWұQEk\JLӡ
7{LYӕQGӕWYăQQJKqRFKӳQrQNK{QJELӃWGLӉQWҧOzQJELӃWѫQ
kQ6ѭWKӃQjRFKRKӃW1JX\ӋQFҫXKӗQJkQ7DP%ҧRJLDKӝFKR
kQ6ѭOX{QÿѭӧFWKkQNKӓHWkPDQPmLOjEyQJPiWFKRFK~QJ
VDQKÿѭӧFQKӡQѭѫQJ7UrQWUӡLPk\WUҳQJOӳQJOӡWU{LFK~WOzQJ
FRQ[LQJӱLJLy
1JѭӡLWDWKѭӡQJKӓLFK~QJW{LÿLYұ\ÿӇOjPJu"0ӛLFiQKkQ
WURQJÿRjQFKҳFKҷQFyPөFÿtFKNKiFQKDXFzQYӟLW{LW{LÿLÿӇ
ÿѭӧFÿLYjWKҩ\UDY{YjQêQJKƭDNKiF7KѭӡQJFK~QJWDÿDQJӣ
WURQJKLӋQWҥLFKăQҩPÿӋPrPQKjFӱDÿӫÿҫ\YүQNK{QJFҧP
26
WKҩ\KҥQKSK~Fӣÿk\PӛLNKLÿrP[XӕQJFKӍFҫQPһWÿҩWVҥFK
VӁYjEҵQJSKҷQJFK~QJW{LÿmFҧPWKҩ\KjLOzQJFKҷQJPRQJJu
KѫQWKӃ0ӛLQJj\FK~QJW{LFKӍăQEӳDWUѭDPjQjRFyOӵDFKӑQ
FyJuăQÿyÿmTXêOҳPUӗL0ӛLEӳDăQFyWKrPWUiLFKXӕLWUiL
FDPÿӇăQVDRPjQJRQPjQJӑWÿӃQWKӃÿLӅXPjNKLFzQӣQKj
WKѭӡQJW{LNK{QJQKұQUD0ӡLEҥQKm\QJӗL[XӕQJăQFQJW{L
ÿӇWKҩ\WӯQJKҥWFѫPNK{NKӕFQKҥWWKӃFKWKѫPQJiLPLJLiQ
ĂQÿӇWKҩ\FѫPTXrKѭѫQJYүQOjQJRQQKҩWEӣLQyPDQJKѭѫQJ
YӏTXrQKjWKkQTXHQWURQJWӯQJNêӭF7{LNK{QJQyLFѫPӣÿk\
GӣQKѭQJW{LQKӟFѫPTXr1Jj\FzQEpEjW{LQҩXFѫPEӃSFӫL
FKӡFѫPUiRQѭӟFEj[pPLӃQJOiFKXӕLWѭѫLÿұ\YjRUӗL~SQҳS
YXQJOrQFKRNtQKѫLĈӭDEpW{LFKӍFKӵFFKӡFѫPFKtQÿӇÿѭӧF
PӣQҳSYXQJ[HPTXDQKPLӋQJQӗLFyOӟSQѭӟFFѫPNK{VpP
PjX[DQK[DQKPӓQJWDQKJLzQUөPFKѭD7ӟLEӳDW{LWKѭӡQJ
WUDQK[ӟLSKҫQFѫPPjX[DQK[DQKҩ\YjREiWPuQKĈӇUӗLFKR
WӟLJLӡPLWKѫPWXәLWKѫҩ\YүQFzQQJX\rQYҽQWURQJW{L7{L
FKӧWQKӟEjGDGLӃWӢQѫLFDR[DNLDFKҳFEjFNJQJÿDQJG}LWKHR
WӯQJEѭӟFFKkQW{L
+m\ÿӃQÿk\PӝWOҫQFQJFK~QJW{LEӝKjQKÿӇFҧPWKҩ\
EҥQ ÿDQJ KҥQK SK~F GѭӡQJ QjR +m\ ÿӃQ ÿk\ ÿL FKXQJ FRQ
ÿѭӡQJFQJFK~QJW{LĈӃQNKLÿ{LFKkQSKӗQJUӝSEҥQVӁELӃW
ѫQFRQÿѭӡQJEҵQJSKҷQJ[LӃWEDRĈӃQNKLÿ{LFKkQPӓLQKӯÿL
TXDEyQJFk\[DQKPiWFNJQJOjPEҥQGӉFKӏXKD\FKLӃF[HFKҥ\
TXDPDQJWKHRFѫQJLyQKҽFNJQJNKLӃQEҥQWKҩ\KҥQKSK~F/~F
ÿ{LFKkQFKҷQJFzQQJKHOӡLWKuEҥQVӁWөWOҥLSKtDVDX.K{QJ
FyJuFҧPjWKұWYXL%ҥQFyNK{QJJLDQOһQJQJҳPFҧÿRjQFKѭ
7ăQJ ÿL WURQJ FKiQK QLӋP WӵD GҧL OөD YjQJ X\ӇQ FKX\ӇQ ÿҫ\
27
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ II.njLJD
KX\ӅQKRһFJLӳDPjQVѭѫQJJLăQJYjEөLÿѭӡQJQjRNKiFPӝW
EӭF WUDQK ĈҽS +m\ WұQ KѭӣQJ SK~W JLk\ Qj\ Yu NKL QҳQJ OrQ
WUӡL WURQJ [DQK VѭѫQJ P WDQ KӃW FKӍ FzQ OҥL QKӳQJ WUҫQ WUөL
ÿӡLVӕQJFѫPDQOjUiFWKLWKRҧQJ[iFQKӳQJFRQWK~FKӃWGӑF
ÿѭӡQJEӕFPLNLQKNKӫQJ1KӳQJGzQJV{QJQKӳQJNLQKUҥFK
FKӍWX\ӅQPӝWPjXPӝWPjXÿHQNK{QJWKӇQjRÿHQYjÿһFTXiQK
KѫQÿѭӧFQӳD
+m\ÿӃQÿk\ÿӇFҧPWKҩ\\rXFXӝFÿӡLQj\KѫQYuFXӝFÿӡL
ÿmFKREҥQQKLӅXKѫQWKӭEҥQFҫQÐKD\QѫLPҧQKÿҩWQj\WӯQJ
EѭӟFFKkQÿL7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWKҥQKSK~FVDRWKұWQKLӅXYj
FNJQJWKұWJLҧQÿѫQ1yOX{QӣWURQJWҫPPҳWWURQJWҫPWD\FӫD
EҥQEҥQFKӍFҫQYXLYҿYjPӣOzQJÿyQQKұQWK{L
7ӟL[ӃFKLӅXFyYӏ6ѭÿӋKӓLW{L³6˱KX\QKQKͥKX\QK[HP
WURQJUqPÿ͏FySKLQKkQKD\FRQPDQjRQJK͓FKFKXLYjRFK˯L
NK{QJPjQ̿QJO̷PWK͇6iQJÿ͏WK̭\QyQḰK͉XPjJLͥQ̿QJ
WU͓FKÿHROrQPjYDLṟPOX{Qi´7{LFѭӡLSKiEҧR³&yFRQ
PDP͏WWRÿQJQJ͛LWURQJÿ̭\´&ҧKDLKX\QKÿӋFѭӡL[zDPҩ\
FRQTXҥÿDQJEӟLUiFJLұWPuQKED\OrQWKҧUѫLYjLWLӃQJTXҥTXҥ
FyYҿKӡQGӛL
&KһQJ ÿѭӡQJ K{P QD\ FK~QJ W{L ÿL ÿѭӧF NP 'ӯQJ
FKkQW{LGӵQJOӅXWUҥLYjFKXLYjRQJKӍOѭQJPӝW[tXÿӏQKEөQJ
QJKӍFKӕFOiWUӗLGұ\ÿLOҩ\QѭӟFÿӇViQJPDLUӱDPһWYұ\Pj
QJӫWKLӃSO~FQjRFKҷQJELӃW
28
29
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ II.njLJD
"V#$QVļCē\Ubĺ\UbVķWYW\Vat\UaOcĠ„Z}\Ġļķ\U
30
31
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ II.njLJD
=VŁ\UPu\QVv\PĔbĠěc^Vį\U`Į^
32
33
.Ǥ,,,
Kham Nhẫn
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³1KӳQJDLEӝKjQKWӯQJj\Qj\TXDQJj\Qӑ
PӟLKLӇXÿѭӧFNKDPQKүQOjQKѭWKӃQjR´
Kỳ III.IBNOIƖO
7{L QKӟ OҫQ WUѭӟF WURQJ ÿRjQ Fy Yӏ 6ѭ QJѭӡL7KiL Eӏ F{Q
WUQJFҳQӣFҷQJFKkQ9ӃWWKѭѫQJEӏQKLӉPWUQJPѭQJPӫWӟL
PӭFYӥUDăQVkXYjRWұQ[ѭѫQJ9ұ\PjYӏҩ\FKӍOҩ\YҧLTXҩQ
TXDQKYӃWWKѭѫQJUӗLYүQEӝKjQKKҵQJQJj\
Ō
mTXDUӗLQKӳQJTXmQJÿѭӡQJQKӳQJWKӱDUXӝQJFKӍFzQ
WUѫJӕFUҥ&K~QJW{LWLӃSWөFEѭӟFÿLWUrQÿ{LFKkQERQJ
UӝSYjÿ{LYDLPӓLQKӯ1KӳQJDLEӝKjQKWӯQJj\Qj\
TXDQJj\QӑPӟLKLӇXÿѭӧFNKDPQKүQOjQKѭWKӃQjR
+ӗLFKLӅXO~FGӯQJFKkQKҥWUҥLVDXPӝWQJj\ÿѭӡQJGjL
EӛQJ6ѭÿӋODOӟQ7{LJLұWPuQKKӓL
1KuQWKҩ\ӣÿk\EөLEҭQGӑFÿѭӡQJYӃWWKѭѫQJNKyPjOjQK
ÿѭӧFFK~QJW{LQăQQӍYӏҩ\ED\YӅQѭӟFÿӇFKӳDWUӏPjYӏҩ\
QKҩWÿӏQKNK{QJ&KRWӟLNKLFK~QJW{LQyL
7K{L6ѭWKѭѫQJFK~QJW{L&K~QJW{LELӃW6ѭFKӏXÿѭӧFFK~W
YӃWWKѭѫQJQj\QKѭQJFK~QJW{LQKuQWKҩ\WKұWNK{QJFKӏXQәL
/~FQj\Yӏҩ\PӟLWKѭѫQJFK~QJW{LPjÿӗQJêYӅQѭӟF
0ӝWPyQJFKkQFӫDÿӋQyUѫLWӯO~FQjRUӗLKX\QKҥEk\
JLӡFKkQÿӋÿDXTXi
¬ OҥL QyL YӅ QѭӟF ӣ ÿk\ ÿL Eӝ GӑF ÿѭӡQJ Fҧ QJj\ FKѭD
FKҳFFXӕLQJj\FK~QJW{LÿѭӧFWҳP'ӑFFiFFRQÿѭӡQJFDRWӕF
WKѭӡQJNK{QJFyEyQJFk\NK{QJFyJLӃQJQѭӟFÿ{LNKLQăP
Eҧ\QJj\FK~QJW{LPӟLÿѭӧFWҳPPӝWOҫQĈLEӝPӗK{LUDWKҩP
YjR\QҳQJQyQJEӕFKѫLFzQPXӕLEiPOҥLWUrQ\YҵQYӋQQKѭ
O{QJKә&XӕLQJj\ÿjQKOҩ\WD\YzYzNK{FKRPXӕLUѫLEӟW&Kӟ
FyQJKƭFK~QJW{LӣGѫPjFK~QJW{LӣGѫOjWKұW
.KLPjFiLÿDXTXiÿӝQyVӁWrUӗLPҩWOX{QFҧPJLiFÿӃQO~F
QJӗLOҥLWKuFҧPJLiFFKӧWDYӅQѭӟFPҳWOѭQJWUzQJQKuQQӛLÿDX
&KӟFyQJKƭOjFӭQKuQYjRQӛLÿDXWKuFѫQÿDXVӁKӃWQKuQYjRQy
FKӍFjQJÿDXKѫQPjWK{L1KѭY}VƭÿҩXER[LQJQӃXNK{QJÿӫVӭF
PҥQKFKӍOjEDRFiWFKRÿӕLWKӫÿҩPQrQFҫQÿәLY}VƭNKiFQJDQJ
FѫYӟLVӭFPuQK&zQYӟLWXVƭFK~QJW{LNKLÿDXWKѭӡQJNK{QJQKuQ
QyPjQKuQÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFÿӇTXrQÿLFiLÿDXKLӋQKӳX6ѭÿӋW{LQKӟ
1JjLVѫWә+ӝ7{QJWKѭӡQJQLӋP3KұW $UDKDQ Yұ\OjYӯDÿLYӯD
QLӋPYjNӃWTXҧOjPyQJFKkQUѫLO~FQjRÿӋҩ\NK{QJKD\
+{PNLDO~FGӯQJFKkQQKuQTXDKjQJUjRWKpSErQÿѭӡQJ
FDRWӕFOjKӗQѭӟF[DQKWURQJFҧÿRjQOLӅQGӯQJOҥL.KLOӅXWUҥL
ÿm[RQJÿkXÿҩ\KX\QKÿӋFK~QJW{LUӫQKDXOHRKjQJUjRVDQJ
ÿҩ\WҳP+yDUDWѭWѭӣQJOӟQOҥLJһSQKDX5DÿӃQQѫLWKҩ\JҫQ
QKѭFҧÿRjQÿӅXUDWҳP7{LÿѭӧFWKӓDWKXrWKҧPuQKWURQJOjQ
QѭӟFQKѭFKRFѫWKӇK~WQRQѭӟFPjEDRQJj\QD\QyWKqPNKiW
7{LOһQVkXFKROjQQѭӟFOҥQKWKҩPÿүPWӯQJFKkQWѫNӁWyF7ҳP
[RQJOrQEӡW{LQKҧ\WKұWFDRFDRKѫQWKѭӡQJOӋYuFѫWKӇÿkX
ÿyQKҽKѫQUҩWQKLӅX
6DRWKӃ6ѭѫL"
ĈӋҩ\EҧR
36
37
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
+{PQӑErQVѭӡQQ~LFK~QJW{LGӵQJOӅXViWYjRQKDXWKjQK
WӯQJYzQJW{LNK{QJKLӇXÿӇOjPJuQKѭQJWUѭӣQJÿRjQEҧRVDR
WKuOjPYұ\ĈrPÿӃQ[D[DYӑQJOҥLWLӃQJWUXWUpRQKѭPDNrX
TXӹKӡQ«
6ѭÿӋW{LKӓLYӑQJVDQJ
0DTXӹJuPjJKrYjGӳGҵQYұ\"1yNK{QJVӧFҧFKѭ7ăQJ
OX{QKҧ6ѭKX\QK"ĈӋFyPDQJWѭӧQJ3KұWWKHRÿk\ÿӋNK{QJ
VӧQyÿkX
1yL NK{QJ Vӧ QKѭQJ 6ѭ ÿӋ WKu ӣ WURQJ OӅX FzQ W{L FKXL UD
QJRjL7{LOҩ\ÿqQSLQEұWFKӃÿӝViQJQKҩWUӑL[XQJTXDQKWKu
WKҩ\FҧPӝWÿiPOӱD[DQKOѫOӱQJWU{QJUҩWPDTXiL
&y Yӏ 6ѭ OӟQ WURQJ ÿRjQ WKҩ\ W{L FKăP FKăP QKuQ QrQ
WUrXW{L
0Dÿҩ\VӧNK{QJ"
7{LQjRFyVӧJuÿkX
ĈLÿѭӡQJ[DPӋWKuQKQKѭGk\WKҫQNLQKVӧFӫDW{LQyÿӭW
KD\WrOLӋWUӗLWKuSKҧL
7Kҩ\W{LFӭQKuQPmLYjQKѭPXӕQWLӃQOҥLJҫQKѫQÿiPOӱD
[DQKNLDYӏҩ\PӟLEҧRUҵQJ
7{LÿD6ѭÿҩ\FKӍOjFKyUӯQJWK{LQKѭQJYӃWFҳQFӫDQy
UҩWQJX\KLӇPÿӯQJÿL[DTXi
7{LSKiOrQFѭӡLUӗLTXD\YӅNӇFKR6ѭÿӋQJKHFKX\ӋQYӯD
[ҧ\UD1JRjLNLDÿrPÿHQQKӳQJÿ{LPҳWQKҩSQKi\QKѭPDWUѫL
QKuQYӅSKtDÿRjQFK~QJW{Lÿҫ\WRDQWtQK
7KѭӡQJPӛLEӳDWUѭDFK~QJW{LOX{QÿӫYұWWKӵFÿӇGQJQKѭQJ
FNJQJFyQKӳQJK{PFK~QJW{LSKҧLFKLDQKDXSKҫQYұWWKӵFtWӓL
38
Kỳ III.IBNOIƖO
6ѭÿӋW{LQyL
+uQKQKѭK{PQD\QJѭӡLF~QJGѭӡQJQJKHQKҫPYӏ
WKjQKYӏ6ѭKX\QKҥ
&KӍPӝWEӳDPӝWQJj\QKѭQJFK~QJW{LFNJQJSKҧLOҩ\FK~W
tWÿӇGjQKFKRYӏVDXӢÿk\DLFNJQJOjKX\QKÿӋÿyLFQJÿyL
QRFQJQR
&yYjRWҩWFyUDFiLQj\FzQNKәKѫQQӳD0ӛLNKLOӅXWUҥL
FK~QJW{LQJKӍӣÿkXOjGkQFK~QJQJѭӡLOӟQOүQWUҿQKӓW~DUD
[HP&iLQj\FNJQJGӉKLӇXWK{LQKѭWKXӣEpӣTXrWKҩ\7k\YӅ
OjQJOjEӑQWUҿFRQNpRQKDXÿLWKHR[HPWӯOjQJQj\VDQJOjQJ
Qӑ9ӯDÿLWKHRYӯDQKuQYӟLÿ{LPҳWKLӃXNǤPLӋQJWKuNK{QJ
QJӯQJEuQKOXұQNLӇX³6DRPjFDRWK͇WU̷QJWK͇P̷WFzQ[DQK
QͷD´.KLGkQOjQJYk\TXDQKFK~QJW{LÿjQKSKҧLUiQJQKӏQ
ĈӧLNKLÿrP[XӕQJPӑLQJѭӡLYӅKӃWFK~QJW{LPӟLFyWKӇÿLYӋ
VLQKKRһFFKӡÿӃQO~FKÿrPNKLNK{QJFzQDLFҧ
6DQJÿk\WKӭFăQQҩXNK{QJQKѭӣQѭӟFPuQKNK{QJQKLӅX
ORҥLUDXWUiLFӫTXҧNKLFyUDXWKuQҩXFKtQQKӯQKѭTXrPuQKYүQ
WKѭӡQJFKRKHRăQ7KLWKRҧQJFK~QJW{L[LQUDXFӫăQVӕQJQyUҩW
QJRQQJӑWYұ\PjKӑFӭQҩXFKtQOөLPҩWKӃWFҧPLYӏYӕQFy
ĂQQKѭYұ\PmLQKLӅXYӏEӏWiREyQFiLEөQJFӭQJQJҳFWKҩ\WӝL
7{LNK{QJELӃWOjPWKӃQjRÿjQKGkQJVӳDWѭѫLFKѭDQҩXFKRFiF
YӏXӕQJ[RQJFKҧPҩ\FKӕFOjÿL³UH´QKҽEөQJOLӅQ7UӏWLrXFKҧ\
WKuGӉKѫQWiREyQQrQNK{QJFyDLWUiFKWKXӕFOLӅXFӫDW{LFҧ«
0ӑLQJѭӡLWKѭѫQJQKDXQKѭDQKHPPӝWQKjQKҩWOjWKѭѫQJ
YӏWUѭӣQJÿRjQFyJuăQKX\QKÿӋFK~QJW{LÿӅXFKӯDSKҫQFKR
Yӏҩ\+jQKÿӝQJWKұWÿҽSYjêQJKƭD1KѭQJFySKҧLQKѭYұ\
NK{QJ"&yOӁFKӍQJѭӡLKjQKÿӝQJPӟLELӃW
39
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ III.IBNOIƖO
6ѭÿӋW{LWӫPWӍPFѭӡL
1ӃXPuQKEӏWLrXFKҧ\WKuNK{QJWKӇQjRÿӇWUѭӣQJÿRjQ
EuQK\rQÿѭӧFKRҥQQҥQFQJQKDXPj0uQKÿDXFzQWUѭӣQJ
ÿRjQFӭÿLYkPYkPWKuPuQKFKӍFyFKӃWPҩWWK{L9ұ\QrQPuQK
SKҧLWKѭѫQJWUѭӣQJÿRjQQKҩWKX\QKҥ«
&KLӅXWjÿLWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJÿDQJOjPÿҫ\EөLFKѭ7ăQJOһQJ
OӁYӅÿӃQQѫLQJKӍ
7{LTXD\VDQJKӓL6ѭÿӋ
+{PQD\ÿӋVDRUӗLÿmәQKѫQFKѭD"
6ѭÿӋW{LWUҫPQJkPUӗLQyL
+ӋWKҫQNLQKFӫDÿӋQyFyYҩQÿӅWKұWUӗL1yEiRÿDXNKҳS
WRjQWKkQQrQNK{QJELӃWFKӛQjRÿDXWKұWFKӛQjRÿDXJLҧQӳD
0ӛLQKӏSÿLFӫDÿRjQWKѭӡQJFKӯQJWLӃQJPӟLQJKӍFKkQ
VDX PӝW QJj\ ÿѭӡQJ GjL WҫP NP WKu Fѫ WKӇ Um UӡL 1Jj\
TXDQJj\NKLFѫWKӇFKѭDNӏSSKөFKӗLWKuOҥLÿLPӋWGӗQPӋW
YӃWWKѭѫQJOҥLFKӗQJOrQYӃWWKѭѫQJĈrPQҵPWUrQQӅQÿҩWOҥQK
FiLOҥQKWKҩPGҫQYjRFѫWKӇNKLӃQDLQKLӉPOҥQKQKLӅXVӁEӏKR
&iFKWӕWQKҩWOjQJӗLQJӫKRһFQҵPQJKLrQJÿӇWUiQKFKRSKәL
WLӃS[~FYӟLKѫLOҥQKWӯQӅQÿҩW1KLӅXYӏKҥQKWDP\QKҩWEiWKӑ
QJӫQJӗLYjWUrQQJѭӡLFKӍTXjQJWҩP\KDLOӟSNK{QJFyWKrP
FKăQKD\W~LQJӫJuFҧNKDPQKүQÿӃQYұ\OjFQJ
&jQJÿLFjQJWLӃS[~FQKLӅXYӟLÿRjQW{LWKҩ\PuQKWKұWGӇ
GX{LYj\ӃXÿXӕL1LӅPYXLFӫDW{LOjPӛLQJj\QKuQWKҩ\7ăQJ
ÿRjQÿLWLӋQKӝÿӝÿѭӧFJuW{LKRDQKӹOjPQJD\
ĈrPÿHQ[D[DYүQOjWLӃQJFKyUӯQJWUXWUpRQKѭPDTXӹErQWDL
YjLWLӃQJKRJҫQ[Dÿm[XҩWKLӋQW{LFKѭDNӏSQJӫOҥLÿmKӃWQJj\«
40
41
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ III.IBNOIƖO
3v\UĠġ\QVļCē\UQV‰bZ \UbVu\V
42
43
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
44
Kỳ III.IBNOIƖO
45
.Ǥ,9
Những nẻo đường
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³ĈӝFKjQKYӟLF{ÿѫQ
1KѭOjORjLWrJLiF
ĈӇJҫQYӟLPuQKKѫQ´
Kỳ IV1ILjOHOƢPōDžƻOH
KjQKÿҥR7KӃUӗLÿ{LEjQFKkQOҥLWLӃSWөFODQJWKDQJGһP
WKҷPÿӇWuPOҥLFKtQKW{LĈmTXiOkXUӗLW{L³ÿmNK{QJÿ͡F
KjQK YͣL F{ ÿ˯Q´ Pj WKѭӡQJ UӡL [D FKtQK PuQK &ҩW EѭӟF
WURQJLPOһQJÿӇPӑLWKӭOҳQJ\rQFKӍTXDQViWWK{LW{LKӑF
ÿѭӧFQKLӅXÿLӅX
T
0ӝW PL KѭѫQJ TXHQ WKXӝF ÿkX ÿy WKRҧQJ TXD W{L QKӟ
LӃSQӕLFRQÿѭӡQJOjQKӳQJFRQÿѭӡQJ.KLEjQFKkQ
QJD\FKpQQѭӟFPҳPYӟLtWӟWEӝWFyWKrP[tXWySPӥ1Jj\
ÿDX EҥQ VӁ WKҩ\ GһP WUuQK WUӣ QrQ [D QJiL ÿDX QӕL
ҩ\PӛLNKLăQW{LFӕYӟWSKҫQQәLWUrQFKpQYuQyEpRW{LWKu
WKrPÿDXWU{QJWKҩ\FiLJuFNJQJOjPWDNKyFKӏXEӵF
WKtFKăQEpR7ӯNKLFzQQKӓ[tXPӛLNKLQKjFyWKӏWNK{QJ
EӝL«&k\FӕLYHQOӝVDRPjOѭDWKѭDEiPÿҫ\EөLEҭQFjQKNK{
EDRJLӡW{LăQQҥFFKӍăQPӥ&yK{PQKjKjQJ[yPPәKHR
Jm\PөFNK{QJDLGӑQUiFWKuNKҳSQѫLEҫXWUӡLWKuPӡÿөFQKuQ
PҽQҩXFKRW{LăQPӝWEӳDWKӓDWKtFKW{LăQKӃWÿkXWҫPWiP
ÿӃQFXӕLWUӡLFNJQJFKҷQJFyPӝWWҽRPk\Pҩ\FRQTXҥÿHQVDR
OҥQJWKӏWPӥVDXÿyFQJONJEҥQÿLKiLWUiLWKO WҫPEyS ÿӇ
PjӗQjROҳPWKӃ
ăQăQ[RQJW{LEӏQ{QYұ\PjYүQNK{QJVӧWKӏWPӥ/~Fҩ\
6ѭSKөFKRW{LPҩ\FkXWKѫWӯQJj\FzQEpO~FÿyW{LSKi
SKiFKÿLKӑFWKuOҳPEҥQEҥQEqOrQFKDFKѫLPLӃWUӗLW{LFNJQJ
WUӕQÿLFKѫLFQJ+ӗLҩ\W{LJҫ\ÿHQQKҿPFҫPPҩ\FkXWKѫ
NK{QJKLӇXJuQKѭQJW{LYүQJLӳÿӃQJLӡ
³Ĉ͡FKjQKYͣLF{ÿ˯Q
1K˱OjORjLWrJLiF
Ĉ͋J̯QYͣLPuQKK˯Q´
W{LFKѭDÿLKӑFPүXJLiRÿkXÿyWҫPEӕQQăPWXәL0jW{LFy
KӑFPүXJLiRÿkXQKӍO~FEҧ\WXәLW{LYjROX{QOӟSPӝW&iL
VӕW{LFNJQJOҥWLӇXKӑFPӛLQăPW{LKӑFPӝWWUѭӡQJYұ\Oj
FҩSPӝWW{LKӑFQKӳQJQăPWUѭӡQJWtQKQJKӏFKQJӧPFӫDW{L
WKӃÿyNK{QJDLFKӏXQәL
ÐL OҥL QKӟ 7{L QKӟ EiW EiQK FDQK JҥR FӫD F{ OjQJ ErQ
WKѭӡQJJiQKÿLEiQPӛLViQJ0ӝWEiWFKӍQăPWUăPÿӗQJQKѭQJ
WӟLJLӡW{LYүQNK{QJWKӇQjRTXrQKѭѫQJYӏFӫDQyGUҩWQKLӅX
1KLӅXQăPVDXNKLFyWKrPFK~WKLӇXELӃWW{LPӟLKLӇX
OҫQW{LăQOҥLEiWEiQKFDQKFӫDFKtQKWD\F{ҩ\QҩXQKѭQJYүQ
YӅOӡLWKѫFӫD6ѭSKө7{LQKӡQJѭӡLWKrXEjLWKѫ+DLNXҩ\
NK{QJWuPOҥLÿѭӧFKѭѫQJYӏ[ѭDFiLKѭѫQJYӏQJRQQJҩWÿmLQ
OrQPһWWURQJW~L[iFKFKӍPuQKPuQKWKҩ\WK{L%jLWKѫOX{Q
ÿұPWURQJNêӭF3KҧLFKăQJPLӃQJQJRQWURQJWXәLWKѫQJKqR
QKҳF QKӣ W{L SKҧL Oҩ\ ÿy OjP NLP FKӍ QDP FKR FRQ ÿѭӡQJ
NKyOX{QOjPLӃQJQJRQQKҩWÿӡL
48
49
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7UrQÿѭӡQJÿLW{LWKҩ\QJѭӡLWDEiQÿѭӡQJEiWNêӭF[ѭD
OҥLDYӅ7KXӣEpPӛLNKLEjÿLFKӧYӅPXDÿѭӡQJNKRFi
OӵDO~FEjNK{QJÿӇêW{LWKѭӡQJFҳQWUӝP7{LQJKƭFKҳFEj
NK{QJELӃWYjNKRiLFKtWKҩ\PuQKWKLӋWWK{QJPLQK6DXQj\
OӟQKѫQPӝWFK~WW{LPӟLELӃWWKӵFUDEjYӡNK{QJKD\FKӭ
YӃW UăQJ VӳD FҳQ YүQ FzQ QJX\rQ WUrQ FөF ÿѭӡQJ ÿy FzQ DL
FҳQQJRjLW{L7{LOҥLWKҩ\QKӟEj7{LGӯQJFKkQPXDÿѭӡQJ
GkQJFKѭ7ăQJ0RQJEjWKDWKӭOӛLOҫPWXәLWKѫPjFKӣFKH
WLӃSEѭӟFFKRW{L
%rQÿѭӡQJFyPҩ\KjQJTXiQ[iF[ѫWUHRYjLTXҧFKXӕLYj
Pҩ\ ORҥL WUiL Fk\ EөLEҭQ KHR KpR QKѭQJ VDR WU{QJ YүQ QJRQ
FѫWKӇEҳWÿҫXWKLӃXFKҩWUӗLWKuSKҧL"9ӝLÿLQKDQKWKrP[tXW{L
PXDWKQJFDPF~QJFKRFҧÿRjQDLFNJQJKRDQKӹ7Kҩ\WUѭӣQJ
ÿRjQQKuQPҩ\TXҧGӯDW{LOҥLYӝLEѭӟFPDXKLӇXêW{LPXӕQ
PXDÿӇF~QJYӏҩ\QyLYӑQJWKHR
&KѫQ7tQÿӯQJPXDQһQJÿҩ\
7{LJLҧYӡQJXNK{QJKLӇXWLӃQJ7KiLPXDPҩ\TXҧF~QJYӏ
ҩ\FѭӡLOҳFÿҫX7{LWӵWKѭӣQJFKRPuQKPӝWWUiLXӕQJYjRQѭӟF
FKXDOqW{LFNJQJOҳFÿҫXFѭӡL
%rQNLDÿiPUXӝQJKDLQJѭӡLSKөQӳYjPӝWHPEpÿDQJ
WiWQѭӟFEҳWFiHPEpOăQOӝQWURQJÿiPVuQKWU{QJUҩWYXLYҿ
W{LWKҩ\PjWKѭѫQJ+uQKҧQKQKyFFRQOҥLÿѭDW{LYӅWXәLWKѫ
WXәLWKѫÿҫ\ҳSWӝLOӛLNK{QJPӝWEXәLWUѭDQjRFKӏXQJӫW{L
FQJONJEҥQÿLKiLWUӝPKRDTXҧNKҳS[yPWӯTXҧQRQFKRWӟL
TXҧJLjUӗLFҧÿiPOҥLÿLEҳWFiEҳWFXDEҳWFKkXFKҩXFjR
50
Kỳ IV1ILjOHOƢPōDžƻOH
FjR0ҽW{LWKҩ\WKӃQjRFNJQJWһQJFKRW{LPӝW³FRPER´FiQ
FKәL*LӡWKLWKRҧQJQJӗLWKLӅQKuQKҧQKQKӳQJFRQFKkXFKҩX
Jm\UӡLFKkQKLӋQUDNKLӃQW{LNLQKVӧÿӃQKmLKQJ0uQKWKұW
OjÿӝFiF
7{LNK{QJFKӕLEӓTXiNKӭWҩWFҧG[ҩXKD\WӕWÿӅXOjW{L
Fҧ&KӍOjKLӋQWҥLQKӳQJKjQKÿӝQJÿyW{LNK{QJEDRJLӡOjP
QӳD1KӳQJWKӭWѭӣQJQKѭÿmTXrQWӵO~FQjRFӭFKӧWKLӋQYӅ
KLӋQYӅ«7{LOһQJLP[HPFXӕQSKLPWXәLWKѫÿӡLPuQK
+uQKҧQKYӏ6ѭEһPP{LFjQKҳFFҩWEѭӟFW{LWKҩ\WKѭѫQJ
YjNtQKSKөFTXi7{LOҥLQKӟQKӳQJKX\QKÿӋNKLQKӓFQJODR
ÿӝQJYҩWYҧWD\FKkQEӏÿӭWFKҧ\PiXFKӍQKDLOiFk\ÿҳSTXD
ORDOҥLOjPWLӃS&yYӏ6ѭÿӋÿLOjPFQJW{LEӏUҳQFҳQDQKHP
JDURYӃWWKѭѫQJ[RQJOҥLOROҳQJÿӫWKӭQKѭQJYӏҩ\WKuFjQKҳF
WӯWUrQQ~LÿL[XӕQJFѭӡLFѭӡLQyL
%uQKWKѭӡQJăQWKXDJuÿkX
7{LOһQJ[HPKuQKҧQKKX\QKÿӋWӯQJQJѭӡLWӯQJQJѭӡLWӯ
NêӭFÿDQJDYӅ7{L[LQFҧPWҥkQWuQKKX\QKÿӋYj[LQFKҳSWD\
ViPKӕLFKѭYӏÿӋKX\QKWURQJÿӡLVӕQJYuY{PLQKPjWKkQNKҭX
êFӫDW{LFyÿLӅXNK{QJÿ~QJPRQJFKѭYӏKRDQKӹFKӭQJPLQK
FKROzQJViPKӕLFӫDW{LPRQJFKѭWKLrQKӝSKiSOX{QJLDKӝ
FKRFKѭYӏWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJWXKӑF«ÈQKQҳQJEDQWUѭDUѫLWUrQ\
OjPFKRWҩP\PjXKRҥLVҳFQKѭViQJKѫQW{LNK{QJQJX{LQKӟ
QKӳQJKX\QKÿӋPuQK
ĈrPEX{QJPjQW{LOrWӯQJEѭӟFFKkQJLӳDÿrPÿHQQJKH
WkPPuQKOrQWLӃQJ&KѭDEDRJLӡW{LWKҩ\QyOҳPOӡLYjQJX\
KLӇPÿӃQWKӃ0ӝWFKLӃF[HÿҥSÿLTXDQyOLӅQEҧR
51
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ IV1ILjOHOƢPōDžƻOH
¬PuQKFyWKӇÿL[tFKUDJҫQÿѭӡQJPӝWFK~WFKR[HÿҥS
W{QJ[HÿҥSW{QJFKҳFNK{QJVDRQKѭQJVӁFyOêGRFKtQKÿiQJ
WKӃOjPuQKÿѭӧFQJKӍÿLKRһFFyWKӇYӅQѭӟFYuWDLQҥQPjNK{QJ
DLQyLJu
1yFzQEҧRW{L
.LDOjÿӅQWKӡYjRÿyQJӫÿL[tXQӳDUӗLÿLWLӃSKRһF[LQ
QKӡ[HQJѭӡLWDGӑFÿѭӡQJÿLWKHRVDXFNJQJÿѭӧF
«1yOҧLQKҧLFҧQJj\W{LPһFNӋJLӡW{LPӟLOj{QJFKӫ
W{LEҳWPuQKSKҧLÿLÿLÿӇ[HPQyOҧLQKҧLQyWKX\ӃWSKөFQyNӇ
OӇ«FKRYXL
7{LQyQyW{LQyLYӟLQKDXPӝWKӗLFNJQJKӃWPӝWQJj\
ÿѭӡQJ7{LQJKLrQJOѭQJQҵPWKӣ7URQJÿrPW{LQJKHWLӃQJ[H
FKҥ\WLӃQJFzL[HUӗL[D[DYjLWLӃQJWjXU~FOrQ[pWDQPjQÿrP
ÿӃQWұQOӅXӢÿk\WKұWOkXW{LFKѭDQJKHWLӃQJF{QWUQJQӍQRQ
FyOӁEӣLVDXPӝWQJj\GjLPӋWQrQQJӫNK{QJELӃWJuĈrPTXD
FKҳFFNJQJPӋWW{LQJӫYjPѫPѫÿDQJÿLWKuEӏFKyÿXәLFKҥ\
WKөFPҥQJQKѭQJFKkQYүQEӏQyJһPPҩ\QKiWÿDXTXiJLұW
PuQKWӍQKJLҩFErQQJRjLÿrPYүQÿHQVѭѫQJSKҧ[XӕQJOҥQK
FăPW{LÿѭDWD\VӡFKkQWKұWKҥQKSK~FYuFKӍOjPѫ
2V‰bWĤc2VĴ\C\ĠĽ\UbVĽ!bĿ^VğWaO\UduO\VS[Vcg\VĠĢ
\ē[ (('
;O]ĠĮ\Udębdğ
52
53
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
54
Kỳ IV1ILjOHOƢPōDžƻOH
55
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
56
Kỳ IV1ILjOHOƢPōDžƻOH
57
.Ǥ9
Nhóm hộ tăng
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³1KӳQJQJѭӡLWURQJQKyPKӝ7ăQJ
WKӵFVӵKӃWOzQJSKөFYөYjY{GDQKSKөQJKLӃQ´
Kỳ V1IưNIƹUƙOH
H
{PTXDW{LPѫEӏFKyFҳQPD\FKӍOjPѫ
Ӣÿk\FKyQKjYjFKyKRDQJUҩWQKLӅXFK~QJKLӅQOjQK
Y{KҥLYj\rQәQKѫQONJFKyӣTXrPuQK&ҧÿRjQÿLTXDFK~QJ
EuQK\rQQҵPQJӫNK{QJEXӗQPӣPҳWFNJQJNK{QJWKqPJLұW
PuQKWӍQKJLҩFYuÿkXFyVӧEӏEҳW7KXӣ[ѭDQX{LFKyÿӇJLӳ
QKjJLӡErQPuQKQX{LWKuQJѭӡLSKҧLJLӳFKyFKӭKӣUDOjEӏ
EӑQ³FҭXWһF´FkXWUӝPQJD\/NJFKyӣÿk\\rQWkPVLQKVӕQJ
YuNK{QJDLJLӃWWKӏWNK{QJDLOjPKҥLQKѭQJÿDSKҫQFK~QJ
Jҫ\ QKRP YӃW WKѭѫQJ FKҵQJ FKӏW Yj QKLӅX JKҿ Oӣ &KҳF Yu
PLӃQJăQYuVLQKWӗQFK~QJSKҧLJLjQKJLұWFҳQ[pOүQQKDX
QrQFRQQjRFNJQJÿҫ\QKӳQJYӃWVҽR5ӗLFNJQJFKҷQJPҩ\DL
FKRăQQrQFK~QJWUѫ[ѭѫQJJҫ\FzPOjOӁGƭQKLrQ&RQQJѭӡL
ӣÿk\QKҩWOjJLӟLWKӫÿjOD ODRÿӝQJFKkQWD\ YjJLӟLFKLrQ
ÿjOD Q{OӋ KӑFzQăQGѫӣEҭQVLQKUDKҵQJWUăPWKӭEӋQK
KXӕQJKӗOjFKyQKjFKyKRDQJ«YҩWYѭӣQJOrWKrOӃFKWKӃFK
ÿҫXÿѭӡQJ[yFKӧ
/kX UӗL W{L JһS OҥL PӝW QJѭӡL DQK$QK NӇ Oj VDQJ %RGK
*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ ÿҧQKOӉ3KұWYjFӝL%ӗÿӅGҥRTXDQK
60
WKiQK WtFK WKҩ\ Pҩ\ FRQ FKy QJӫ QJRQ WU{QJ Y{ FQJ KҥQK
SK~F$QK EҧR PuQK OjP OөQJ Fҧ ÿӡL ÿӇ NLӃP WuP KҥQK SK~F
QKѭQJ UӗL OLӋX Fy KѫQ ÿѭӧF FRQ FKy QѫL Qj\ KD\ NK{QJ"7{L
ÿӭQJTXDQViWQѫLQj\QKLӅXOҫQFNJQJWKҩ\Yұ\/ӕLYjR%RGK
*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ OX{QÿѭӧFFҧQKViWYNJWUDQJEҧRYӋ
QJѭӡLYjRSKҧLTXDPi\VRLFKLӃXYjNLӇPWUDÿӃQWұQKDLOҫQ
KӑNKiP[pWUҩWNӻQKѭDQQLQKVkQED\9ұ\PjEӑQFKyFӭ
ÿӫQJÿDÿӫQJÿӍQKYjRUDUҩWWӵQKLrQUҩWWӵGRQӃXÿHPVR
ViQKWKҩ\NǤNǤQKѭQJÿ{LNKLWKҩ\³FRQQJѭӡLӣQKLӅXQѫL´
FzQWKXDFҧFRQFKyÿҩW3KұW
0ӝWFKX\ӋQNKiFӣÿk\FӭFKLӅXÿӃQWUrQQKӳQJWKkQFk\
WR WjQ UұP EӑQ FKLP ONJ OѭӧW ED\ YӅ QJө ÿrP SKjQK SKҥFK
UjRUjRNrXӗQjRÿӃQÿLӃFFҧOӛWDLĈҩWQѭӟFPuQKFKLPWUӡL
WKҩ\ KLӃP FRQ QjR FzQ WKu QѫP QӟS OR Vӧ WKҩ\ EyQJ QJѭӡL
OjED\1JKƭEXӗQWKD\NK{QJELӃWFK~QJWDJLiRGөFWKӃQjR
PjKӉWKҩ\FKLPFKyFPX{QJWK~OjKӓLQJD\³&RQ̭\ăQFy
ÿ˱ͫFNK{QJFyQJRQNK{QJ"´Ӣÿk\FyQKӳQJFRQYұWQKѭEz
NKӍ« ÿѭӧF W{Q WKӡ FK~QJ Oj KyD WKkQ FӫD WKҫQ OLQK Yt QKѭ
WѭӧQJWKҫQ+DQXPDQOjPӝWFRQNKӍX\QJKLWѭӧQJWKҫQ1DQGī
OjPӝWFRQEzPӝQJWRWѭӟQJFzQQKӳQJFRQYұWNKiFFNJQJ
ÿѭӧFQJѭӡLGkQÿӇFKRVӕQJWӵQKLrQNK{QJJLӃWKҥLNK{QJ
[kPKҥL&zQQӳDQJѭӡLGkQӣÿk\ÿDVӕWKHRҨQJLiRKӑăQ
QJNJ FӕF Yj UDX Fӫ TXҧ Oj FKtQK NK{QJ Pҩ\ NKL ăQ WKӏW Fi .
ऺ#=@D̓9ऺ?3̣92ऺ˷Dऺ7 ऺ3,Dயऺ7 ऺµ̋;ாऺ?@Dऺ9349ऺ?=:92ऺ.†.ऺ.@̫.ऺ?=@92ऺ?̑யऺµ˳4ऺ?̑ऺ?˳4ऺ
.†.ऺµ̓9ऺ84̑@யऺ.̫4ऺ.‡Dயऺ?3†93ऺ?3˷?௓ऺ.†.ऺµ˳:ऺ>Íऺ ர7,ர8™9ऺ.3:ऺ24̑?ऺ.˵ऺ?=§8யऺ.˵ऺ
92 9ऺ/யऺ.̽@௓ऺ7˷Dऺµ˹@ऺA ऺ8†@ऺµ̕ऺ?̑ऺ?3˹9ऺ294ऺ஫?3˹9ऺ̿,஬யऺ?̽ऺ?3̯4ऺ´̻.ऺ3˿?ऺ
A˽9ऺ.—9ऺ?̥9ऺ?˳4ऺ.3:ऺµ̑9ऺ-‡Dऺ24̯ऺ஫3̟ऺ?3̯ऺ.˵ऺ3̃92ऺ92 9ऺA̝ऺ?3˹9஬ற
(1)
61
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
1JүPOҥLORjLYұWVLQKUDӣÿҩWQѭӟFQj\WURQJÿDVӕWUѭӡQJ
KӧS[HPUDFNJQJFySKѭӟFKѫQӣTXrPuQKOX{QEӏÿHGӑDWtQK
PҥQJÿXәLFQJJLӃWWұQFiLJuăQÿѭӧFOjQJѭӡLWDăQKӃW
QJRҥLWUӯFRQEORRQJFKăQJ"
+{PQD\VDXJLӡWUѭDW{LWKHR[HQKyPKӝ7ăQJÿLWUѭӟF
WuP FKӛ QJKӍ FKR ÿRjQ 1KyP Kӝ7ăQJ JӗP Fy QJѭӡL QJѭӡLҨQYjQJѭӡL7KiLKӑVӱGөQJKDLFKLӃF[HWҧLÿӇSKөF
YөFҧÿRjQWKѭӡQJPӝW[HFKӣKjQKOêOӅXWUҥL[HFzQOҥLFKӣ
ÿӗăQWKӭFXӕQJ0ӛLViQJVDXNKLWKӭFGұ\OӅXWUҥL[ӃSÿһW
[RQJFK~QJW{LPDQJUD[HWҧLÿӇKӑFKҩWOrQ[HKjQKWUDQJFҧ
QJj\WUrQQJѭӡLFKӍFzQOҥL\EiWJLҩ\YӋVLQKYjQѭӟFXӕQJ
%ҥQÿӯQJQJKƭFK~QJW{LWӵPDQJYiFWҩWFҧFiLJuFNJQJYiFWKHR
NK{QJWKӇPӛLQJj\ÿLKѫQNPÿѭӧF%XәLViQJPӛLQJѭӡLWӵ
PDQJOtWQѭӟFUӗLVDXJLӡăQWUѭDOҩ\WKrPOtWQѭӟFQӳD
QKѭQJVDXPӝWFKһQJOӳKjQKDLQҩ\ÿ{LYDLPӓLQKӯÿ{LFKkQ
WKuQһQJWUƭX
;HÿLWUѭӟFÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJFiFKFKӛQJKӍWUѭDWҫPNP
FK~QJW{L[XӕQJÿLEӝÿӇWuPFKӛFyWKӇKҥWUҥLQѫLPӝWFKӛÿҩW
EҵQJUӝQJUmLQKѭQJSKҧL³tWSKkQQJѭӡL´ĈmFyWUѭӡQJKӧS
QJӗLWUrQ[HWKҩ\FKӛѭQJêPһWÿҩWFӓSKӫÿҽSÿӁFyYjLOP
Fk\[DQKQӳDQJKƭFyWKӇKҥWUҥLQKѭQJ[XӕQJÿLEӝ[HPWKuÿy
Oj³QKjYӋVLQKF{QJFӝQJFӫDFҧOjQJ´ÿjQKOҳFÿҫXEҩWOӵFUӡL
ÿLWuPQѫLNKiF
7uP FKӛ QJӫ QJKӍ WKu SKҧL WuP OX{Q JLӃQJ QѭӟF JҫQ ÿy
WKѭӡQJOjQKѭWKӃWUӯNKLÿLGӑFFDRWӕF1ѭӟFÿӇFiFYӏYӅFy
62
Kỳ V1IưNIƹUƙOH
WKӇYӋVLQKWҳPJLһWQѭӟFÿӇUӱDFiFQJX\rQYұWOLӋXFKXҭQEӏ
QҩXăQFKRK{PVDX7KӭFăQWKѭӡQJOjUDXFӫTXҧQrQGӉVѫFKӃ
QҩXQѭӟQJ6DXNKLQKyPKӝ7ăQJFKӑQYӏWUtYjGӯQJ[HKӑVӁ
QҩXPӝWQӗLQѭӟFV{LWRÿӇPӑLQJѭӡLYӅFyWKӇGQJQJD\+ӑ
SKkQF{QJQKDXPӝWQӱDQKyPFKX\ӇQOӅXWUҥL[XӕQJPӝWQӱD
VӁFKXҭQEӏÿLFKӧFKRQJj\PDL
&Kӧӣÿk\FNJQJUDXFӫTXҧOjQKLӅXUҩWtWFiWKӏW5DXFӫTXҧ
PDQj\UҿYjWѭѫLQRQ1D\W{LÿLWKHRÿӅQJKӏK{PVDXQҩX
WKrPQӗLFKqPӑLQJѭӡLFyYҿWKLӃXÿѭӡQJWKqPQJӑW/ѭӧQ
TXDQK PӝW YzQJ W{L PXD ÿѭӧF WKrP KDL WKQJ WiR 7KӵF ÿѫQ
K{PVDXFyYҿSKRQJSK~KѫQPӑLNKLQJѭӡL9LӋW1DPGkQJ
Pj7{LOjÿҥLGLӋQÿӅQJKӏJuFiFEҥQFNJQJFKLӅXOzQJPXD
WKLӃXWLӅQW{LVӁEYjRQJD\&zQQӳDFiF³QJj\JLӟL´WURQJ
FKX\ӃQÿLQJѭӡL9LӋW[LQGkQJF~QJKӃWQKyPKӝ7ăQJNK{QJ
FҫQSKҧLWtQKWRiQVDRFKRYӯDQJkQViFK9jRQJj\JLӟLFiF6ѭ
QJKӍEXәLFKLӅXÿӇWөQJJLӟLKӑVӁOҩ\QKLӅXWKӭFăQKѫQQJj\
WKѭӡQJ7tQKUDPӛLWXҫQFK~QJW{LGkQJF~QJPӝWQJj\QJj\
QjRQJѭӡL9LӋWGkQJF~QJÿRjQVӁFyWKrPPyQăQ&iFYӏWURQJ
ÿRjQOX{QFyWuQKFҧPÿһFELӋWYӟLQJѭӡL9LӋWFK~QJW{LNK{QJ
QKӳQJEӝKjQKWӕWPjFzQOX{QWұQWө\VăQVyFFKăPORFKRPӑL
QJѭӡL YӅ WKӭF ăQ YұW XӕQJ FiL Ju Fy WKӇ OjP ÿѭӧF FK~QJ W{L
WKӵFKLӋQQJD\0ӛLWXҫQFKѭ6ѭYjFҧQKyPKӝ7ăQJFyÿѭӧF
PӝWQJj\ăQQJRQKѫQQRKѫQÿӇEәVXQJFKRSKҫQQăQJOѭӧQJ
ÿmKDRKөWTXiQKLӅXGRGһPWUuQKJLDQODRYҩWYҧ
ĈһFELӋWQKyPKӝ7ăQJOX{QQLӅPQӣNKLELӃWQJѭӡLWUѭӟF
PһWOjQJѭӡL9LӋW7ҥLVDRYұ\"%ӣLWKѭӡQJDLÿӃQF~QJGѭӡQJ
FNJQJFKӍELӃWÿӃQ7ăQJEDRQKLrXYұWWKӵFGkQJF~QJKӃWFKR
63
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ V1IưNIƹUƙOH
FKѭ7ăQJPjNK{QJÿӇWkPTXDQWkPÿӃQQKyPKӝ7ăQJăQJu
XӕQJJuWURQJNKLKӑOjQKӳQJQJѭӡLOX{QOһQJOӁkPWKҫPSKөF
Yө7{LWKҩ\WKѭѫQJQrQ[yDQJD\WuQKWUҥQJEҩWәQQj\9ұ\Oj
PӛLNKLF~QJGѭӡQJW{LFKLDVҿÿӗQJÿӅXYұWWKӵFNK{QJSKkQ
ELӋW Ju Fҧ +ӑ FҧP QKұQ ÿѭӧF Vӵ W{Q WUӑQJ Qj\7ӯ FKX\ӃQ ÿL
QKӳQJQăPWUѭӟFNKLPӟLQKұSÿRjQOҫQÿҫXW{LÿmFKѫLUҩWWKkQ
YӟLKӑYjKӑFNJQJUҩWPӃQQJѭӡL9LӋWPuQKPӛLNKLFҫQJuPXӕQ
QKӡJL~SÿӥKӑYXLYҿQJD\
1KѭOҫQQj\ELӃWW{LKӓLFKX\ӋQÿLFKӧOjK{PVDXQJѭӡL
9LӋWF~QJGѭӡQJKӑYXLYҿOҳP+ӑKӓLW{LFyWKӇQҩXPyQ9LӋW
1DPÿӇKӑKӑFFiFKQҩXÿѭӧFNK{QJ"7{LEҧRÿѫQJLҧQOҳP
&ӭOҩ\UDXOXӝFFKtQFKҩP[uGҫXӟWOj2.UӗL´
1JKHYұ\KӑQKuQW{LFѭӡLFѭӡLUӗLJұWÿҫX*ұWÿҫXWӭF
OjKӑ³NK{QJÿ͛QJêYͣLFiFKUDXOX͡FFKtQFK̭P[uG̯X´ҩ\
ҨQĈӝFҧ7tFK/DQOҳFÿҫXPӟLOjÿӗQJê +ӑPjQҩXWKu
SKҧLQҩXFKtQOөLFKӭOXӝFFKtQWӟLQKѭW{LQyLOjNK{QJQJRQ
UӗLQҩXFKtQOөLăQFKRÿӥSKҧLQKDLKӛWUӧUăQJPLӋQJYjWLrX
KyDWKuSKҧL"
2VļCē\Ubĺ\UUWĵWPİ\?ObW[]YYVO
0ҧL ÿD UӗL FNJQJ [RQJ F{QJ YLӋF FKXҭQ Eӏ FKR QJj\ PDL
0ӝWFѫQJLyWKәLTXDPiWUѭӧL«+ӑQKӳQJQJѭӡLWURQJQKyP
Kӝ7ăQJWKӵFVӵKӃWOzQJSKөFYөYjY{GDQKSKөQJKLӃQW{LELӃW
ѫQKӑWKұWQKLӅX
64
65
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
66
Kỳ V1IưNIƹUƙOH
67
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ V1IưNIƹUƙOH
<ıW\UļķW[ĮbZģcUWŁOb`ķW_cOĠ}[
68
69
.Ǥ9,
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7UӡLFjQJViQJWKuVѭѫQJWDQGҫQWӯQJOӟSÿӗLQ~LQKѭ
KzDYjRVѭѫQJWӯQJOӟSWӯQJOӟSQKҥWPӡUӗL[DGҫQ
[DGҫQWU{QJÿҽSQKѭQKӳQJEӭFWUDQKWKӫ\PһF´
Kỳ VI+ƳB
&
RQÿѭӡQJQJj\FjQJFDRGҫQÿӗLWUұSWUQJÿӗLQ~LWUұS
WUQJQ~LĈӗLQ~LKLӋQUDWURQJPjQVѭѫQJGj\7UӡLFjQJ
ViQJVѭѫQJWDQGҫQWӯQJOӟSÿӗLQ~LQKѭKzDYjRVѭѫQJ
WӯQJOӟSWӯQJOӟS«QKҥWPӡUӗL[DGҫQ[DGҫQWU{QJÿҽSQKѭ
QKӳQJEӭFWUDQKWKӫ\PһF7UrQQKӳQJÿӍQKQ~L[DWKLWKRҧQJ
PӑF OrQ PӝW QJ{L ÿӅQ WUҳQJ Fy Yҿ Oҿ ORL F{ ÿѫQ QәL EұW JLӳD
PjX[DQKODP[DQKPӡWUQJÿLӋSĈRjQFKѭ7ăQJPHQWKHR
FRQÿѭӡQJÿDQJWXQJEөLPSKtDGѭӟLÿLWӟLEѭӟFWӟL«1KӳQJ
FKLӃF\YjQJQKѭQpWFKҩPSKiFKREӭFWUDQKWKrPKRjQWKLӋQ
7{LÿLVDXPrPҭQQKuQ«
+{PQD\O~FÿLTXDPӝWYQJQ~LÿRjQQJKӍFKkQFyKDL
FK~FKyYHYҭ\ÿX{LOҥLJҫQWӓU}VӵWKkQWKLӋQ7Kҩ\Yұ\Yӏ6ѭ
Qj\Yӏ6ѭNKiFÿHPQKӳQJJuFyÿѭӧFFKRKDLFK~.K{QJELӃW
ÿmăQQRKD\FKѭDPjNKLÿRjQÿLKDLFK~FKҥ\WKHRÿѭӧFPӝW
ÿRҥQ OҥL Fy Yӏ NKiF FKR ăQ QӳD &y OӁ FKѭ 6ѭ QJKƭ UҵQJ WӯQJ
FKһQJWӯQJFKһQJÿѭӡQJQKѭWKӃFӭFKRăQWKuKDLFK~VӁÿLWKHR
ÿRjQ«1JKƭQKѭYұ\WKuFKѭYӏÿmOҫP«1yVӁNK{QJÿLWKHR
GһPWUuQK[DQKѭWKӃÿkX/êGRWҥLVDRѭ"
0ӝWEӝOҥFFzQKRDQJGmPDQGLPӑLUӧFKX\rQVăQEҳW
KiLOѭӧPWURQJUӯQJVkXWKҩ\WӝLTXiFKRYӅWKjQKSKӕăQӣYӟL
WLӋQQJKLQKXFҫXÿҫ\ÿӫFyOӁFKӍtWK{POjKӑOҥLWUӕQOrQUӯQJ
72
1KӳQJQJѭӡLEiQYpVӕOѭӧPYHFKDLPuQKWKҩ\KӑNKә
TXiQrQWKѭѫQJNrXOҥLQyL³1j\QJѭӡLѫL6ӕQJYұ\FӵFNKә
OҳPKm\WӯEӓÿLYjRӣFKDYӟLW{LVXQJVѭӟQJKѫQQKLӅX´7D
WKӱKӓLKӑFyӣ\rQÿѭӧFWURQJFKDPjWXWұSNK{QJ"+D\ÿѭӧF
YjLEDK{PKӑVӁEӓWUӕQWUӣOҥLQJKӅFNJQJKLӋSFNJÿ~QJWKHR
QJKLӋSFӫDKӑ1yLFiFKNKiFWҩWFҧSKҧLWѭѫQJѭQJYӟLQJKLӋS
QӃXQJKLӋSNK{QJWѭѫQJѭQJWKuWuQKWKѭѫQJQKѭWUrQVӁY{tFK
YjKRjLF{QJ
7ѭѫQJWӧQKѭYұ\OjONJFKyKRDQJ
7KӭFăQFӫDFKѭ6ѭWKѭѫQJ\rXFKRFK~QJOj³WKӵFSKҭPOҥ´
VӁELӃQÿәLÿӝWQJӝWVLQKOêFѫWKӇVLQKUDQKӳQJELӃQFKӭQJYӅGҥ
Gj\YӅÿѭӡQJUXӝWFK~QJWӵELӃWQrQEӓÿL
'R³P{LWUѭӡQJWKyLTXHQYjQJKLӋS´
0{LWUѭӡQJFӫDFKyKRDQJOjÿҫXÿѭӡQJ[yFKӧEmLUiFYj
QJKƭDÿӏD«7KyLTXHQFӫDFK~QJOjFҳQ[pOүQQKDXVөFVҥRWuP
WKӭFăQGѫEҭQYjJһPNKӟLFiLJuNLӃPÿѭӧF&KtQKP{LWUѭӡQJ
YjWKyLTXHQQj\ÿmWUӣWKjQK³QJKLӋSULrQJFӫDFKyKRDQJ´FKL
SKӕLGүQGҳWFK~QJ³OXkQKӗLWiLVDQK´WUӣOҥLFKӛFNJQѫLFNJ
&K~QJVӁÿLWKHRWLӃQJJӑLFӫDQJKLӋSQăQJOӵFFӫDQJKLӋS
.ӇPӝWFKX\ӋQNKiF
7UrQGӑFÿѭӡQJÿLW{LYjFKѭKX\QKÿӋJһSQKӳQJQJѭӡL
GkQWKѭӡQJWKӍQKWKRҧQJFyFXӝFWUDRÿәLGRQKӡFyWK{QJGӏFK
+ӑKӓL
&KѭYӏOjWXVƭj"ĈLÿkXPjFҧÿRjQÿ{QJQJѭӡLFyYҿODP
ONJNKәFӵFQKѭYұ\"
73
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
9kQJ FK~QJ W{L Oj WX Vƭ WX WKHR ĈӭF 3KұW 6āN\D0XQL
3KұW7KtFK&D +ӑQJѫQJiF
&K~QJW{LQyLWLӃS
ĈӭF3KұW6āN\D0XQL 3KұW7KtFK&D 1JjLVLQKWҥLÿҩW
ҨQQj\Pj
ĈDVӕKӑJұWÿҫX³JұWÿҫX´QJKƭDOjNK{QJELӃW
Kỳ VI+ƳB
QKѭQJKӑOҥLOjGkQWӝFWK{QJWKiLWKXӝFORҥLEұFQKҩWWKӃJLӟL%LӃW
EDRJLҧL1REHOELӃWEDRQKLrXSKiWPLQKNKRDKӑFELӃWEDRQKLrX
QKjKLӅQWULӃWÿҥRVѭFKkQVѭ«PjWѭWѭӣQJFӫDKӑҧQKKѭӣQJ
WRjQ QKkQ ORҥL 9t QKѭ ĈӭF 3KұW Yt QKѭ .ULVKQDPXUWL Yt QKѭ
*DQGKLYtQKѭ1HKUXYtQKѭ7DJRUHYtQKѭ0ҽ7HUHVD«FQJ
QKLӅXWӍSK~QәLGDQKÿѭѫQJÿҥL [HPWKrPFK~*RRJOHVӁU}KѫQ .ӇWKrPPӝWFKX\ӋQNKiFQӳD
7KұWUDKӑNK{QJQrQWӵWLQKѭWKӃ7X\NKiQKLӅXWLӇXEDQJ
FzQ ÿyL QJKqR OҥF KұX ODP ONJ WKLӃX PӑL WLӋQ QJKL WӕL WKLӇX«
'RWURQJÿRjQFyYӏÿLQKDQKYӏÿLFKұPYӏÿDXFKkQQJӗL
QJKӍGӑFÿѭӡQJ«QrQÿ{LNKLFiFQKyPFiFKQKDXNKi[D+{P
ҩ\QKyPKX\QKÿӋFK~QJW{LFKұPFKkQQrQNK{QJWKҩ\EyQJ
GiQJÿRjQÿLWUѭӟF.LQKQJKLӋPGkQJLDQ9LӋW1DPFyFkXWөF
QJӳ³5Dÿ˱ͥQJK͗LJLjY͉QKjK͗LWU̓´QrQW{LUDGҩXEҵQJWD\
FKӍWUӓQѫL\iRQѫLEuQKEiW«KӓLYӟLFiFFөErQÿѭӡQJ9ӟLê
OjFiFFөFyWKҩ\FiFQKj6ѭPһF\iRQKѭYұ\ÿHREiWQKѭYұ\
ÿLFҧÿRjQYӅSKtDQj\NK{QJ"7KӃOjFiFFө³OҳFÿҫX´UDGҩXÿѭD
WD\FKӍYӅSKtDWUѭӟFFyêQyLOjFyFy«7KӃOj\rQWkPFK~QJ
W{LEѭӟFÿL0ӝWÿӛLÿLÿѭӧFÿRҥQ[DFK~QJW{LOҥLKӓLFiFFө
ErQÿѭӡQJYӟLFiFKKӓLQKѭWUrQYjFNJQJÿѭӧFFiFFө³OҳFÿҫX´
FKӍYӅSKtDWUѭӟF.ӃWTXҧOjFK~QJW{LEӏOҥF.KLÿLӋQWKRҥLFy
VyQJQKұQÿѭӧFWtQKLӋXYӏWUtWӯÿRjQQKyPFK~QJW{LFiFKÿRjQ
ÿL WUѭӟF QRQ NP SKҧL PҩW WҫP KDL WLӃQJ FK~QJ W{L PӟL JһS
ÿѭӧFÿRjQ7ӯÿҩ\W{LQyLYӟLKX\QKÿӋ[XQJTXDQKOjÿӯQJKӓL
ÿѭӡQJGkQҨQQKp0uQKFKӍWD\YӅSKtDWUѭӟFKӑVӁ³OҳFÿҫX
RNHQJD\´
ऺ49/@ऺ஫˶9ऺ24†:஬ऺ஺஼ய஻னயऺ̥4ऺ24†:ऺழஷயவனயऺ4?:ऺ24†:ऺவயஶனயऺµ˳:ऺ"463ऺழய஺னயऺµ˳:ऺ
,49ऺளயஷனऺ஫?30:ऺµ4̓@ऺ?=,ऺ/‡9ऺ>̣ऺ˶9ऺ´̫ऺ9§8ऺவளழழ஬ற
/ҥLQyLYӅFҧQKViWҨQ'ӑFÿѭӡQJÿLPӛLNKLEăQJTXD
QJmEDQJmWѭFҧQKViWOX{QFKһQ[HOҥLÿӇÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿL
7KұWOjPӝWVӵWKӵFÿiQJEXӗQ7UrQPҧQKÿҩWTXrKѭѫQJ
FӫDĈӭF3KұWKLӋQQD\WtQÿӗ3KұWJLiRFKӍWӟLFRQVӕ .
7KLWKRҧQJGӑFÿѭӡQJFNJQJJһSYjLEDQJѭӡLELӃWÿӃQĈӭF3KұW
KӑFXQJNtQKFKҳSWD\FKjRYjFҧPÿӝQJQKҩWOjKӑVӡÿ{LFKkQ
OҩPEөLFӫDFK~QJW{LUӗL[RDOrQÿҫXPuQKÿӇWӓOzQJWKjQKNtQK
1JѭӡLҨQFDROӟQKѫQQJѭӡL9LӋWQKLӅXKӑFyQѭӟFGDQJăP
ÿHQUkXPpSUkXFҵPWXDWӫDUұPUӏWWU{QJUҩWGӳGҵQQKѭQJ
WKұWUDKӑUҩWKLӅQ&K~QJW{LQyLKӑNK{QJKLӇXJuYjQJѭӧFOҥL
1KѭQJFӭ[t[ӕTXDOҥLFѭӡLFKjRQKDXUҩWWKkQWKLӋQUӗLÿL
ĈһFELӋWQJѭӡLҨQEuQKWKѭӡQJUҩWWKtFKÿѭӧFQJѭӡLQѭӟF
QJRjLFKөSҧQKKӑQyL
%ҥQKm\PDQJҧQKFӫDW{LÿLUDWKӃJLӟLFKRW{LÿѭӧFPӣ
PDQJWҫPPҳW
(1)
74
75
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ VI+ƳB
TXD[RQJPӟLFKROѭXWK{QJ+ӑUҩWOӏFKVӵ&yOӁKӑFNJQJVӧ
FiLQJKqRÿyLFӫDGkQFK~QJOjPҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQKuQKҧQKÿҩW
QѭӟFҨQQrQNKLQKӳQJQJѭӡLăQ[LQOҥLJҫQFK~QJW{LKӑ[XD
ÿXәL FKDLO{ ÿL1KѭQJNKLQKyPăQ[LQUӡL[DUӗLKӑOҥL³OҳF
ÿҫX´ÿѭDWD\[LQWLӅQFK~QJW{L4XҧWKұWTXiÿӛLEҩWQJӡ$L
ÿmÿӃQҨQĈӝGXOӏFKVӁKLӇXFҧQKQj\
&K~QJW{LGһPOӳÿҫXÿjNKәKҥQK GKXWDৄJD QKѭYұ\ê
QJKƭDNLQKÿLӇQYӏQjRFNJQJELӃWOj³WKLrXFKi\SKLӅQQmR´SKiW
VDQKGRWKDPÿҳPFiLăQFiLPһFFiLӣ«9jFNJQJFyWKӇPӛL
YӏVӁFyPӝWêQJX\ӋQYjOêGRULrQJQKѭQJPөFÿtFKFKXQJFӫD
FK~QJ W{L Oj PXӕQ PDQJ KuQK ҧQK FKѭ 7ăQJ ÿm YҳQJ EyQJ Fҧ
QJjQQăP YӅOҥLYӟLTXrKѭѫQJFӫD3KұW7ә&K~QJW{LK\YӑQJ
QKHQQKyPOҥLQJӑQOӱDWkPOLQKWӯOkXÿmOөLWҳWWUrQPҧQKÿҩW
WKLrQJOLrQJQj\
íļķ\Udģ:cYYcbO^OROUW`W:}C‰QBĴ\
ÐL6ѭѫQJOҥQKѭӟW7ăQJEjRQKѭQJOӱDOҥLEұSEQJUӵF
FKi\WURQJWLPFK~QJW{L
7KӃNӹ;,,+ӗLJLiR[kPOăQJҨQĈӝKӑÿmWұQGLӋWWҩWFҧW{QJLiRӣÿk\+ӑÿұS
SKi WҩW Fҧ ÿӅQ PLӃX WX YLӋQ WKLӅQ YLӋQ« Yj JLӃW KҥL WҩW Fҧ WX Vƭ ÿҥR Vƭ 5LrQJ WҥL
WUѭӡQJÿҥLKӑFGDQKWLӃQJ1ƗODQGDKӑÿmJLӃWPѭӡLQJjQJLiRVѭ7ăQJVLQK VӱQyL
UҵQJKӑQJӗL\rQFKR+ӗLJLiRJLӃWPһFQKLrQNK{QJNKiQJFӵ NKLNKҧRFәNKDL
TXұWWKҩ\PiXÿӑQJWKjQKYNJQJWURQJÿҩWOkXQăPKyDWKҥFKWKjQKWӯQJNKӕLORQJ
ODQKPjXKәSKiFK
76
77
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
78
Kỳ VI+ƳB
79
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
80
Kỳ VI+ƳB
81
.Ǥ9,,
chuyện của Gió
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³+ѭѫQJFiFORjLKRDWKѫP
.K{QJED\QJѭӧFFKLӅXJLy
1KѭQJKѭѫQJQJѭӡLÿӭFKҥQK
7ӓDQJiWED\PX{QSKѭѫQJ´
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
+ҥQKNKҩWWKӵF
+ҥQKNKҩWWKӵFWӯQJQKj
+ҥQKQKҩWWӑDWKӵF PӛLQJj\FKӍQJӗLăQPӝWOҫQ +ҥQKWKӑWKӵFEҵQJEiW
T
UrQÿѭӡQJYӅ8UXYHOƗ .Kә+ҥQK/kP FK~QJW{LÿL
QJDQJ TXD .XNNX৬DSƗGD .r 7~F 6ѫQ ÿRjQ Kҥ WUҥL
GѭӟL FKkQ Q~L ÿӇ QJKӍ ÿrP ViQJ PDL VӁ Eӝ KjQK OrQ
Q~L1JӑQJLyÿrPPѫQPDQPRQPHQOҥLJҫQFKXLYjROӅXQyL
WKҫPYjRWDLW{LUҵQJ
6ѭ ELӃW NK{QJ ÿk\ Oj .XNNX৬DSƗGD .r 7~F 6ѫQ QѫL
WKѭӡQJ ӣ Yj WӏFK GLӋW 1LӃWEjQ FӫD W{Q JLҧ 0DKƗ .DVVDSD
ĈҥL &D 'LӃS QJѭӡL ÿѭӧF ĈӭF 3KұW QJӧL NKHQ Oj ÿӋ QKҩW
ÿҫXÿj6ѭELӃWYӅÿҫXÿjFKӭ"%LӃWYӅNKәKҥQKFKӭ"´
5ӗLJLyNӇQKѭVDX
+ҥQKNK{QJÿӇGjQKÿӗăQ NK{QJQKұQÿӗăQVDXNKLÿm
ăQ[RQJ +ҥQKӣUӯQJ
+ҥQKӣJӕFFk\
+ҥQKӣJLӳDWUӡL
+ҥQKӣQJKƭDÿӏD
+ҥQKQJKӍFKӛQjRFNJQJÿѭӧFKRһFGR7ăQJFKӍÿӏQK
+ҥQKQJӗLNK{QJQҵP
7URQJQKӳQJSKiSWUrQW{QJLҧ0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS
³NK{QJQJX\ӋQJLӳKҥQKWKӭOjNKҩWWKӵFWӯQJQKj´Pj1JjL
ĈҫXÿj NKә KҥQK ÿѭӧF GӏFK kP Wӯ QJX\rQ QJӳ 3ƗশL
³GKXWDৄJD´Ĉk\OjQKӳQJSKiSOjPFKRSKLӅQQmRÿѭӧFWLrXKӫ\
QKDQKFKyQJEҵQJPӝWÿӡLVӕQJWKLӇXGөFWULW~FYLӉQO\ÿӝFFѭ
YjVӵWLQKFҫQNK{QJQJѭQJQJKӍ7KӡL3KұWFzQWҥLWKӃ1JjLFKR
SKpSWKӵFKjQKWҩWFҧSKiSKҥQKQKѭWKӃ
W\GX\rQKyDÿӝFKRQKӳQJQJѭӡLQJKqRNKә1KѭK{PNLDVDX
+ҥQKSKҩQWҧR\ OѭӧPYҧLQJѭӡLWDTXăQJYҩWGӑFÿѭӡQJ
ÿӕQJUiFYҧLEyWӱWKLӣQJKƭDÿӏDÿHPYӅPD\YiWKjQK
\ÿӇPһF ELӃWKӑOjFKѭWKLrQFiFF}LKLӋQ[XӕQJÿӇÿһWEiWFKRPuQK1JjL
+ҥQKED\ \QӝL\QJRҥLYj\KDLOӟS 7ăQJJLjOr FӫDQJѭӡLQJKqRPjWӝLQJѭӡLWDOҳP
84
PӝWWXҫQQKұSGLӋWWKӑWѭӣQJÿӏQKW{QJLҧPDQJEiWÿLWKHRFRQ
ÿѭӡQJPzQGӑFWULӅQQ~LKHRK~WÿӇNKҩWWKӵF1KѭQJOҥWKD\
FRQÿѭӡQJK{PQD\QKѭEҵQJSKҷQJKѫQGkQFѭOҥLÿ{QJÿ~F
WU{QJKӑJLjXVDQJYj[LQKÿҽSQӳDĈѭDPҳWKѭӟQJWkPW{QJLҧ
GӏXGjQJWӯWӕQEҧR
1j\FiFYӏWKLrQVDQJFҧKm\WUӣYӅÿLÿӯQJFyWUDQKSKѭӟF
85
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7UѭӟFFkXQyLYjiQKQKuQFӫDEұFWKiQKFiFYӏWKLrQELӃW
êQJX\ӋQÿѭӧFÿһWEiWÿmNK{QJWKjQKKӑOLӅQWUӣOҥLF}LWUӡL
/~Fҩ\YXDWUӡL7ƗYDWLূVD ĈDR/ӧL QKuQWKҩ\KӃWQJjLFѭӡL
YjQyLYӟLWKLrQKұXUҵQJ
&iFYӏҩ\ÿLÿһWEiWFKRW{QJLҧ0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D
'LӃS PjăQPһFFDRVDQJQKѭYұ\WKu1JjLWӯFKӕLOjSKҧLKұX
Km\ÿLYӟLWDFK~QJWDVӁÿһWEiWFKR1JjLҩ\
1yL[RQJYXDOLӅQFQJYӟLWKLrQKұXKLӋQ[XӕQJErQFKkQ
Q~LGQJWKҫQOӵFKyDKLӋQPӝWW~SOӅXWӗLWjQYXDWUӡLELӃQPuQK
WKjQKOmRJLjOӑPNKӑPWKLrQKұXWKuELӃQWKjQKEjOmROHPKHP
ÐQJOmRÿDQJQJӗLKѫOӱDOҥQKUXQUXQEjOmROөLFөLWURQJ
EӃSOjPJuÿҩ\1JjL0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS ÿLQJDQJWKҩ\
QKjQJKqROLӅQÿҵQJKҳQJPҩ\WLӃQJÐQJOmRÿѭDWD\OrQWDLQKѭ
FӕÿӇQJKHUӗLOҭPEҭP
1j\EjѫL&yDLWKuSKҧLEjUD[HP[HP
%jOmROҫXEҫX
&yDLOҥLÿӃQFiLQѫLQJKqR[ѫQJKqR[iFQj\FKӭ
0LӋQJWKuQyLEjYүQWӯWURQJEӃSÿLUDUDQJRjLVkQTXDPjQ
VѭѫQJGj\EjWKҩ\PӝWYӏWǤNKѭXYӟLWҩP\YiFKPYiÿөS
QJKqRTXiÿӛLEjTXD\WUӣOҥLQyLWRYjRWDL{QJ
&yPӝWYӏWǤNKѭXÿLNKҩWWKӵFÿDQJÿӭQJWUѭӟFQKjFK~QJWD
¬ j WǤNKѭX ÿL NKҩW WKӵF j WURQJ EӃS FzQ Ju ăQ ÿѭӧF
NK{QJKm\ÿHPUDEjYjW{LFQJÿһWEiWFKRYӏҩ\QjR
86
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
%j Oҩ\ Pҩ\ PyQ ăQ Wӯ EӃS GuX {QJ ÿӭQJ Gұ\ Fҧ KDL OӑP
NKӑPUDÿӇÿһWEiW.KLWKӭFăQÿѭӧFÿѭDÿӃQWUѭӟFEuQKEiWFKӍ
WKRiQJPLKѭѫQJW{QJLҧÿmÿѭDWD\QJăQOҥLUӗLEҧR
7K{LPjVDRYXDWUӡLOҥLÿLWUDQKSKѭӟFFӫDQJѭӡLQJKqRFKӭ"
%LӃWÿmEҥLOӝFҧKDLTXǤ[XӕQJWKѭD
7{QJLҧѫLFK~QJFRQQJKqRTXiWKұWOjTXiQJKqR7{Q
JLҧQJKƭPj[HPFRQOjPFҫXÿҳSÿѭӡQJOjPNK{QJELӃWEDR
QKLrXYLӋFSKѭӟFWKLӋQWKӡLNK{QJFyĈӭF3KұWYjFKѭ7KiQK
FK~QJ Pj ÿѭӧF VLQK OjP YXD WUӡL7ƗYDWLূVD ĈDR /ӧL 1Jj\
QD\ PӑL QJѭӡL OjP SKѭӟF F~QJ GѭӡQJ ÿӃQ ĈӭF 3KұW Yj FKѭ
7KiQKFK~QJWǤNKѭXVDXNKLQJKLӋSӣÿk\FKҩPGӭWKӑVLQK
OrQF}LWUӡLYӟLVҳFWKkQ[LQKÿҽSOkXÿjLOӝQJOү\KjRTXDQJUӵF
ViQJ/jYXDFӫDKӑPjiQKViQJFӫDFRQVRYӟLKӑQKѭiQKViQJ
FRQÿRPÿyPVRYӟLiQKWUăQJ\SKөFFӫDFRQNKLӣJҫQKӑQKѭ
OjÿӗFNJWӯNLӃSQjRWKӵFFRQNK{QJVDRQyLKӃWFiLVӵQJKqRFӫD
FK~QJFRQWKѭDW{QJLҧ;LQW{QJLҧKm\WKѭѫQJWuQKFK~QJFRQ
QJKqRNKyPjFKRFK~QJFRQÿѭӧFÿһWEiWF~QJGѭӡQJ
1yL[RQJ6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK YjWKLrQKұXOҥ\QKѭWӃVDR1JKƭ
OҥLVӵWKӵFҩ\FNJQJÿ~QJQrQW{QJLҧQyL
7K{LÿѭӧFUӗLFKӍPӝWOҫQQj\WK{Lÿҩ\
/zQJ ÿҫ\ KRDQ Kӹ 6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK Yj WKLrQ KұX ÿm ÿһW
YjREiWFӫDW{QJLҧWKӭFăQFӫDF}LWUӡL6DXOӡLFK~FSK~FW{Q
JLҧOҥLYӅQ~L7KLrQÿӃ6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK YjWKLrQKұXWUӣOҥLF}L
WUӡLKѭӣQJSKѭӟFPӟLFӫDPuQK´
ÐL&KX\ӋQJLyNӇQKѭFKӍPӟL[ҧ\UDK{PTXDW{LVD\VѭD
OҳQJQJKHUӗLFKuPYjRJLҩFQJӫO~FQjRNK{QJKD\
87
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
6iQJFK~QJW{LEӝKjQKOrQQ~LNK{QJELӃWFySKҧL³QJѭӡL
QJKqRTXêW{QJLҧ0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS KD\Ju´PjKӑ
WұSWUXQJӣGѭӟLFKkQQ~LQj\QKLӅXOҳP1KjFӱDӣÿk\FNJQJ
Yұ\WRjQQKjYiFKÿҩWOӧSOiWKҩSWqTXDQKYiFKWѭӡQJÿҩWWKL
WKRҧQJӏQOrQÿҩ\WӯQJEiQKSKkQEzĈk\OjFKҩWÿӕWFӫDQJѭӡL
GkQ[ӭQj\ÿӯQJQJKƭSKkQEzGѫQѭӟQJMDSDWL EiQKPuURWLҨQ
Ĉӝ EҵQJSKkQEzPӟLOjQJRQYjWKѫPQKҩW
ĈRjQFK~QJW{LÿLTXDONJFKyJLұWPuQKVӫDOrQQKһQJ[ӏFRQ
ÿѭӡQJTXDQKFRTXDOjQJUӗLQӕLYjRÿѭӡQJQ~LĈѭӡQJOjQJWKu
ÿҩWÿiOӣPFKӣPFzQÿѭӡQJOrQQ~LÿѭӧFWKұSSKѭѫQJ3KұWWӱ
KQJySOjPWKjQKFiFEұFWKDQJGӉÿL7URQJVѭѫQJPFK~QJ
W{LGzGүPOrQQ~LFyYӏPӋWTXiQJӗLQ{QWKӕFUDFҧQѭӟF[DQK
QѭӟF YjQJ 6ѭѫQJ P Gj\ ÿһF NKXҩW WҫP QKuQ NK{QJ WKҩ\ Ju
QJRjLQKӳQJWҧQJÿiYjOPFk\YHQÿѭӡQJFҧÿRjQUӑLÿqQÿӇ
ÿL7ӯ[DQKuQWKҩ\iQKÿqQORDQJORiQJW{LEѭӟFFKkQÿLPjWLP
ÿұSÿѫQÿұSNpSOLrQKӗLFKҳFWҥLFҧFKөFQJj\QD\ÿLPӋWFiL
WKkQW{LFKѭDÿѭӧFQJKӍQJѫL+tWWKұWVkXNKtOҥQKWUjQYjRSKәL
FKR FKyQJ NKӓH FiL OҥQK OjP W{L WӍQK QJѭӡL KѫQ7LӃS WөF FҩW
EѭӟFWURQJPӡVѭѫQJW{LQKѭPѫQKѭWKӵFWKҩ\PӝWYӏ6ѭJLj
YӟLWҩP\FNJUiFKÿDQJÿLWUѭӟFW{L
%uQKPLQKOrQVѭѫQJGҫQWDQÿӍQKQ~LÿiKLӋQUDWUѭӟFPҳW
7RjQÿiOjÿiYiFKÿiGӵQJÿӭQJW{LQJKƭEөQJYұ\UӗLVDRPj
OrQ"1KѭQJÿӃQJҫQJLӳDKDLSKLӃQÿiWKҩ\FyPӝWOӕLQKӓFK~QJ
W{LOiFKPuQKYjRUӗLÿLOrQWӟLÿӍQKWKuWUӡLÿmViQJQKuQUD[D
FҧPӝWYQJÿӗLQ~LUӝQJOӟQFk\[DQKYjFk\EөLO~S[~SWKL
WKRҧQJQKӳQJFk\WKӕWQӕWÿӭQJWKҷQJYӳQJFKmLYѭӧWFDROrQ
WU{QJWKұWÿҽS
88
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
1KuQNKXQJFҧQKQ~LUӯQJNǤYƭÿLӇPWLӃQJFKLPNrXNKӍ
K~WKұWGӉFKӏX*LӳDÿӍQKQ~LQJ{LEҧRWKiS3KұWJLiRYѭѫQFDR
X\QJKLÿLWӯ[DYүQFyWKӇQKuQWKҩ\1pSPuQKErQGѭӟLÿӍQK
Q~LPӝWFK~WOjPҩ\WҧQJÿiFKөPOҥLWҥRWKjQKKDQJÿӝQJW{Q
JLҧ0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS WKѭӡQJFѭQJөӣÿk\YjQKұS
1LӃWEjQFNJQJӣÿk\7{LYjRKDQJÿӝQJQJѭӥQJYӑQJÿҧQKOӉ
QJjLYӏÿӋQKҩWÿҫXÿj1JӗLWKLӅQPӝWO~FFKӧWWRjQWKkQWKұW
ҩPKyDUDiQKGѭѫQJOrQWӓDiQKViQJYjKѫLҩPÿӃQWұQWURQJ
KDQJÿӝQJĈӃQJLӡSKҧLUӡLÿLW{LQJkPOrQEjLNӋWKӭWURQJ
NLQK3KiSF~ÿӇF~QJGѭӡQJÿӃQ1JjL
³1DSXSSKDJDQGKRSD‫ܒ‬LYƗWDPHWL
1DFDQGDQDۨWDJDUDPDOOLNƗYƗ
6DWDxFDJDQGKRSD‫ܒ‬LYƗWDPHWL
6DEEƗGLVƗVDSSXULVRSDYƗ\DWL´
³+˱˯QJFiFORjLKRDWK˯P
.K{QJED\QJ˱ͫFFKL͉XJLy
1K˱QJK˱˯QJQJ˱ͥLÿͱFK̩QK
7͗DQJiWED\PX{QSK˱˯QJ´
ÐLNǤGLӋXWKD\1JjLӣÿk\OjPFKRQJӑQQ~LY{GDQKFNJQJ
WUӣQrQKӳXGDQKQKӳQJWҧQJÿiOһQJFkPNK{QJQyLJuQKѭQJ
ÿkXÿk\FzQWKRDQJWKRҧQJPӝWPLKѭѫQJ
3KөFK~
&y³QJRҥLVӱ´Yj³ELrQQLrQVӱ´NӇYӅFXӕLÿӡLFӫDW{QJLҧ
0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS [LQFӕQJKLӃQFKѭÿӝFJLҧFQJ
WKDPNKҧR
89
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
³6DXÿҥLKӝLNӃWWұS3KiSYj/XұWOҫQWKӭQKҩWW{QJLҧ0DKƗ
.DVVDSDWKҩ\PuQKÿmKRjQWKjQKVӭPҥQJYӟLFKiQKSKiSQrQ
TX\ӃW ÿӏQK 9{ 'ѭ 1LӃWEjQ 7{Q JLҧ ÿm WUDR TX\ӅQ OmQK ÿҥR
7ăQJJLjFKRW{QJLҧƖQDQGD $1DQ VDXÿyQJjLWuPÿҧQKOӉ
FiFWKiQKWtFKOҫQFXӕLUӗLÿLÿLPmL«9uO~FQj\W{QJLҧÿm
WXәLJLjVӭFÿm\ӃXQrQ1JjLFӭFKұPUmLOһQJOӁEӝKjQKÿӃQ
Q~L.XNND৬DSƗGDJLUL .r7~F6ѫQYuFyEDQJӑQQ~LFKөPOҥL
QKѭEDPyQJFKkQJj OHROrQWұQÿӍQKWuPYjRPӝWKDQJÿӝQJ
UӗLQJӗLNLӃWJLjWƭQKOһQJWӵWҥLFK~WkPFKiQKQLӋPYjRKѫL
WKӣ7UѭӟFNKLÿLYjR1LURGKDVDPƗSDWWL 'LӋW7Kӑ7ѭӣQJÿӏQK W{Q JLҧ 0DKƗ .DVVDSD ĈҥL &D 'LӃS SKiW QJX\ӋQ ³;LQ FKR
WKkQ[iFQj\W̭P\Y̫LJDLWK{FͱQJQj\ W̭P\ĈͱF7K͇7{Q
WUDRÿ͝L VͅḘWKR̩LVͅFzQQJX\rQÝQFKRÿ͇QNKLĈͱF3K̵W
0HWWH\\D 'L/̿F [X̭WKL͏QͧÿͥL´
Ӣÿk\FK~QJWDQrQELӃWOjW{QJLҧSKiWQJX\ӋQQKѭYұ\Oj
ÿӇWUDRWUX\ӅQOҥL³WҩP\YҧLJDLWK{FӭQJ´FyÿѭӧFWӯĈӭF3KұW
*RWDPDFKRĈӭF3KұW0HWWH\\DQKѭOjWLӃSWUX\ӅQFKiQKSKiS
FKRPX{QÿӡLVDX
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
C`}\Ġī\V:cYYcbO^OROUW`W:}C‰QBĴ\
&NJQJVDXOӡLSKiWQJX\ӋQҩ\W{QJLҧ9{'ѭ1LӃWEjQKDL
YiFKÿiWӯWӯNKpSOҥLFK{QJLҩXQKөFWKkQFӫDW{QJLҧ6DXQj\
FKѭYӏW{QJLҧQKѭ6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW 0DKƗ0RJJDOOƗQD
0өF.LӅQ/LrQ ƖQDQGD $1DQ «ÿӅXÿӇOҥL[iOӧLQKѭQJ
W{QJLҧ0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS WKuNK{QJWKҩ\
ÐL 0ӝW FXӝF ÿӡL7KiQK KҥQK 0ӝW FXӝF ÿӡL WUҳQJ VҥFK
QKѭ Yӓ ӕF 0ӝW FXӝF ÿӡL FҭQ FҭQ QJKLrP WX 0ӝW FXӝF ÿӡL
ÿҫXÿjÿӋQKҩWViQJUӥÿӃQPX{QÿӡLVDXÿӇKjQJVDP{QKұX
KӑFQRLJѭѫQJ´
90
91
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
92
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
93
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
94
Kỳ VII&IVZƩODǃBHJư
95
.Ǥ9,,,
Khổ hạnh Lâm
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³Ӣÿk\QKӳQJQJ{LOjQJQJKqRQHRYjRQ~LWU{QJÿѫQVѫ
PӝFPҥFWUҧLGjLWӯFKkQQ~LQj\VDQJFKkQQ~LQӑ
7URQJVѭѫQJPVӟPPDLWӯQJPiLQKjQKѭҭQQKѭKLӋQ
GѭӟLWiQFk\WKӕWQӕWWU{QJ\rQEuQKÿѭӧPQpWPӝQJPѫ´
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
EҧQJ OҧQJ« QѫL Pӡ QѫL QKҥW« WU{QJ UҩW QrQ WKѫ ĈRjQ FKѭ
7ăQJÿLWURQJPӡVѭѫQJEăQJTXDÿӗLQ~LYjUXӝQJÿӗQJQKLӅX
O~FJLyWKәLPҥQKOjPVѭѫQJWDQWӯQJNKRҧQJNKLӃQFKRFҧÿRjQ
FKѭ7ăQJFKӧWKLӋQOrQWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJQKѭEѭӟFUDWӯ³KX\ӅQ
WKRҥLQJjQ[ѭD´ĈҽSWKұWÿҽSĈҽSNK{QJWҧQәL
N
~LOҥLWLӃSQ~LFK~QJW{LEӝKjQKYӅ8UXYHOƗ .Kә+ҥQK
/kP QѫL[ѭDNLD%ӗWiW6LGGKDWWKD 7ҩWĈҥWĈD ViX
QăP WXNKә KҥQK Ӣ ÿk\ QKӳQJ QJ{L OjQJ QJKqR QHR
YjRQ~LWU{QJÿѫQVѫPӝFPҥF«WUҧLGjLWӯFKkQQ~LQj\VDQJ
FKkQQ~LQӑ7URQJVѭѫQJPVӟPPDLWӯQJPiLQKjQKѭҭQQKѭ
KLӋQGѭӟLWjQFk\WKӕWQӕWWU{QJ\rQEuQKÿѭӧPQpWPӝQJPѫ
1KjGkQӣÿk\ÿDVӕÿѭӧFOӧSEҵQJFk\ODXYiFKÿҩWKRһFJҥFK
QXQJJӑLOjQKjFKR³VDQJ´FKӭW{LWKҩ\QyWXӅQKWRjQJYjVѫ
VjLTXiÿӛL1JѭӡLGkQQX{LGrFKăQEzYjOjPUXӝQJVLQKVӕQJ
6iQJ UD OiF ÿiF YjL QJѭӡL OHR OrQ Fk\ WKӕW QӕW FDR ÿӇ Oҩ\
QѭӟFQҩXÿѭӡQJĈLTXDWKҩ\KӑÿDQJÿәQѭӟFOҩ\ÿѭӧFYjRFiF
WKQJ QKӵD FK~QJ W{L ÿӃQ PXD XӕQJ WKӱ Qy PiW Yj QJӑW WӵD
QѭӟFGӯD
7ӟLJҫQWUѭDVѭѫQJWDQGҫQPӟLOӝU}KDLErQÿѭӡQJFѫPDQ
QjROjUXӝQJFҧLÿDQJUӝE{QJQJӗQJFҧLFDRKѫQÿҫXWKѫP
GӏXQJӑWOӏPWLPW{LKtWFKRÿҫ\OӗQJSKәLPLKѭѫQJTXHQWKXӝF
ҩ\7{LQyLYӟL6ѭKX\QK
7KѫPTXiOX{Q6ѭKX\QKj
6ѭҩ\EҧR
+X\QKELӃWPLKѭѫQJTXDOӡLÿӋNӇFKӭPNJLFӫDKX\QK
KұX&RYLGNK{QJFyQJӱLÿѭӧFPLJuFҧYjÿDQJEӏFҧPQJKҽW
PNJLQӳDQrQJLӡFKӍQKuQPjQKѭ³FKӝ´WK{L
1JKƭPjWKѭѫQJ6ѭKX\QKTXiPҩ\QăP&RYLGKX\QKҩ\
FKăPVyFUҩWQKLӅXQJѭӡLEӋQKPjNK{QJFyKӅJuWKӃPjGăP
K{PWUѭӟFNKLÿLFKX\ӃQÿҫXÿjQj\WKuEӏFRQYLUXVEpQKӓJKp
WKăP&ҧKDLFKөFQJj\QD\WӕLQjRKX\QKҩ\FNJQJQJӫQJӗLYu
FӭQҵP[XӕQJOjKRWLӃQJKRYӑQJ[DÿӃQÿӝFiFYӏ6ѭ7KiLÿӃQ
KӓLW{L
0HQ WULӅQ Q~L ÿҩW ÿDL FҵQ FӛL ÿi OөF FөF OzQ KzQ NKLӃQ
FK~QJW{LEѭӟFÿLWұSWӉQKQKӳQJÿ{LFKkQÿDQJÿDXEѭӟFWUrQ
FRQÿѭӡQJQj\TXҧOjFҧPӝWWKӱWKiFKOӟQODR
&KѫQ7tQѫL6ѭҩ\FyWKXӕFXӕQJFKѭDVDRKRPLӃWYұ\
UӗLOjPVDRPjÿLQәL"
ĈmKѫQKPjVѭѫQJPYүQFKѭDWDQYѭѫQJYҩQWiQFk\
FjQKOi{PҩSUXӝQJÿӗQJ[yPOjQJQ~LQRQWҥRQrQJDPPjX
;LQFҧPѫQ+X\QKҩ\YүQÿDQJXӕQJWKXӕFK\YӑQJYjL
QJj\WӟLVӁFyFKX\ӇQELӃQWӕW
98
7{LQyL
99
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
6ѭKX\QKFzQEҧRW{L
&KX\ӃQQj\ÿLOjEӣLÿӑFEjLYLӃW³ĈLTXDQKӳQJPDKRD
FҧL´Pҩ\QăPWUѭӟFWKҩ\WKtFKTXiQKѭQJJLӡFKӍQKuQWK{LK\
YӑQJ PӝW WKӡL JLDQ QӳD W{L FNJQJ Fy WKӇ QJӱL ÿѭӧF PL KѭѫQJ
FӫDQy
;D[DOjQJӑQQ~LÿiNK{NKӕFOqRWqRYjLFk\[DQKFҵQFӛL
ÿiGӵQJOӣPFKӣPQKѭWKiFKWKӭFFQJWKӡLJLDQÿҩ\FKtQKOj
.Kә+ҥQK/kPWөOҥF8UXYHOƗWKXӣQjR7ӟLJҫQFKkQQ~LWKҩ\
Fk\[DQKWX\QKLӅXKѫQQKѭQJPһWÿҩWYүQNK{FҵQFӓGҥLYjQJ
NKqWӯQJPҧQJÿk\ÿyÿjQGrÿDQJPҧLPLӃWJһPFӓYjLFK~Gr
FRQORQWRQFKҥ\QKҧ\ÿDYXLFQJONJNKӍ
'kQӣÿk\FzQQJKqRKѫQFҧFKkQQ~L .XNNX৬DSƗGD .r
7~F FӫDQJjL0DKƗ.DVVDSD ĈҥL&D'LӃS &K~QJW{LÿLTXD
FҧQJ{LOjQJYҳQJWDQKOһQJQJҳWĈѭDÿ{LPҳWOӯÿӯQJiLQJӫ
QKuQFK~QJW{LUDYҿQJҥFQKLrQFKtQKOjONJFKyWU{QJQKj7{L
JLҧL WKtFK FKR 6ѭ KX\QK ELӃW Yu VDR Fҧ OjQJ OһQJ QKѭ Wӡ WKӃ
Qj\/jEӣLGkQOjQJÿDVӕVӕQJEҵQJQJKӅăQ[LQJLӡQj\SKө
QӳQJѭӡLJLjYjWUҿFRQÿDQJWUrQ 8UXYHOƗ .Kә+ҥQK/kP .
+ӑ QJӗL FKӡ NKiFK WKұS SKѭѫQJ ÿӃQ YLӃQJ ÿӇ [LQ FK~W OzQJ
WKѭѫQJ7KDQKQLrQWKuOrQFKkQQ~LÿӇJiQKNLӋXFKRQKӳQJDL
PXӕQOrQQ~LQKѭQJNK{QJWӵPuQKÿLÿѭӧF&ҧOjQJWUӕQJWUѫQ
OjGRWKӃ
7UѭD[XӕQJFҧÿRjQQJKӍӣFKkQQ~LÿLEiWÿӝWKӵF&KLӅX
FK~QJW{LÿLEӝOrQÿӝQJ.Kә+ҥQK+DLErQOӕLOrQFѫPDQQjR
100
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
OjQJѭӡLQJѭӡLWDQJӗLăQ[LQWRjQQJѭӡLJLjSKөQӳYjWUҿFRQ
QKӳQJÿӭDWUҿEp[tXÿHQÿLXJҫ\UӝF7{LQKuQPjNK{QJFҫP
OzQJQәLWKѭѫQJFK~QJTXi
+m\FzQÿҫXJLӡFKLӅXYjLFѫQJLyWKәLTXDÿmFҧPQJKH
EXӕWOҥQKFzQNKLKqWKuQyQJQKѭOӱDWKLrXNKLӃQQJӑQQ~LQj\
WUѫWUӑL&DPFKӏXÿѭӧFWKӡLWLӃWQKѭWKӃTXҧWKұWOjNKәKҥQK
NK{QJQJRD9jRÿӝQJÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJ%ӗWiWÿӝWQKLrQW{L
U~QJ ÿӝQJ WRjQ WKkQ FKӧW QKӟ WURQJ7UXQJ Eӝ NLQK Fy JKL OҥL
ÿRҥQQyLYӅ%ӗWiWNKәKҥQK
³9u7DăQTXitWP͟LQJj\QrQF˯WK͋7DWUͧQrQK͇WVͱFJ̯\
\͇X7D\FKkQ7DQK˱FiFOyQJWUHNK{ÿ̯\NK~FNKXͽX+DLEjQ
W͕DFͯD7DWUͧWKjQKJL͙QJQK˱PyQJWUkX[˱˯QJV͙QJYͣLF͡W
Wͯ\O͛LUDWU{QJJL͙QJFKX͟LK̩W;˱˯QJV˱ͥQ7DO͡U}QK˱UXLF͡W
FͯDQJ{LQKjÿ͝QiWç͛QJW͵FͯD7DQ̹PVkXWURQJK͙P̷WWKăP
WK̻PORQJODQKJL͙QJQK˱iQKQ˱ͣFORQJODQKWͳG˱ͣLJL͇QJVkX
'Dÿ̯X7DNK{KpRQKăQQKHRQK˱WUiLP˱ͣSÿ̷QJÿ˱ͫFF̷WÿHP
SK˯LQ̷QJNK{KpRQKăQQKHR1͇X7DPX͙QVͥGDEͭQJWKu7D
ÿͭQJQK̹P[˱˯QJV͙QJYuKDLWKͱÿmGtQKViWYjRQKDX1͇X7D
PX͙QÿLÿ̩LWL͏QKD\WL͋XWL͏QWKu7DQJm~SP̿W[X͙QJÿ̭W1͇X7D
FKj[iWWD\FKkQWKuÿiPO{QJK˱PͭFUͭQJ[X͙QJWURQJWD\7D´
ÐLNLQKNKLӃSWKD\OjêFKtOjVӵÿӏQKWkPFӫD%ӗWiWWUӡL
ÿDQJOҥQKPjW{LWRiWYmPӗK{LW{LQJӗLWKLӅQQJRjLÿӝQJPӝWO~F
OkX.KLÿӭQJOrQPһWWUӡLÿmQJҧYӅWk\ÿѭDPҳWYӅ[DÿkXUӗLFRQ
V{QJWURQJ[DQK1HUDxMDUƗ 1L/LrQ7KLӅQ QѫLPj%ӗWiW[XӕQJ
WҳPÿkXUӗLFӝL%ӗÿӅQѫL1JjLWKjQKÿҥRÈQKViQJWҳWGҫQWURQJ
PҳWÿrPOҥLYӅWӏFKPӏFKWUrQPҧQKÿҩWNK{FҵQQj\
101
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
=VŁ\U \U†W \Vu du Zu\U QĻO \UļķW \UV|] RļĵW QVv\ D`cdSZO
:Vİ7Ğ\V;v[
=VŁ\UPu\QVv\ĠOc
102
103
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7†[\OgQV‰\Ub†WĠWĠļĶQ$"!%Y[
104
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
D`cdSZO:Vİ7Ğ\V;v[
105
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
106
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
107
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
108
Kỳ VIII.IƸIƑOIMƓN
109
.Ǥ,;
Thương
Một Dòng Sông
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³+m\ÿLVөFÿ{LFKkQÿDQJÿDXYjRFiW
ÿӇQJKHWӯQJQӛLÿӟQÿDXKѫQFӫDGzQJV{QJ´
Kỳ IXIDžƺOHNƹUEƯOHTƴOH
QKLrQ´WKuÿ~QJKѫQ1JKӋWKXұWÿkXFyEҵQJWӵQKLrQQJKӋWKXұW
FKӍOj³KӑFWKHRWӵQKLrQEҳWFKѭӟFWӵQKLrQ´PjWK{L
å
~FÿrPӣ 8UXYHOƗ .Kә+ҥQK/kP PѭDUӟWjRjRUӗL
PӑLQJѭӡLDLFNJQJFѭӡLYXLYҿFKҥ\PѭDQKӳQJÿӗÿRjQ
YұWGөQJ\iRFzQÿDQJSKѫLQJRjLWUӡLSKҧLJRPWKXOҥL
³.KәKҥQK´WKu[iJu[tXPѭDQj\UӗLÿkXFNJQJYjRÿy*LҩFQJӫ
OҥLұSÿӃQWUrQÿ{LPҳWÿmNK{QJFzQPӣQәL
1KѭOӋWKѭӡQJKFK~QJW{LWKӭFGұ\[ӃSOҥLOӅXWUҥLÿm
ѭӟWVNJQJYjWөQJWKӡLNLQKWULkQQ~LUӯQJPһWÿҩWÿmFKRFK~QJ
W{LWU~QJөYjFyJLҩFQJӫQJRQ
6iQJQJj\UDFK~QJW{LYүQWLӃSWөFEѭӟFÿLÿ{LFKkQÿѭD
FK~QJW{LÿLÿLYӅÿkXѭ"&K~QJW{LNK{QJELӃWFKӍELӃWÿLOjÿL
ÿtFKÿӃQӣÿkXFKӍFyWUѭӣQJÿRjQELӃWNK{QJELӃWFNJQJFyFiL
KD\KRjQWRjQWLQWѭӣQJYjRYӏGүQÿҥRNKLWKҩ\ÿtFKÿӃQFKӍOj
ÿӃQÿtFKNK{QJFyWѭӣQJWѭӧQJWUѭӟFVӁQKѭWKӃQjR³FӭQKuQ
QyQKѭQyOj´
7UѭDFK~QJW{LÿӃQFKkQPӝWQ~LÿiWRjQÿiOjÿiĈiFKrQK
YrQKÿiQJKLrQJQJKLrQJÿiÿӭQJÿiQҵPÿiWRÿiQKӓKӛQ
ORҥQWURQJVӵVҳSÿһWWjLWuQKFӫDWKLrQQKLrQ7U{QJWKuKӛQORҥQ
QKѭQJWKLrQQKLrQNKpRVҳSÿһWNK{QJWKӯDNK{QJWKLӃXUҩWQJKӋ
WKXұW ¬ Pj Wӯ ³QJKӋ WKXұW´ QJKH UD FNJQJ NK{QJ әQ 1yL ³Wӵ
112
&KLӅX FK~QJ W{L OrQ Q~L WKDP TXDQ TXҫQ WKӇ KDQJ ÿӝQJ
/RPDV5LVKLQKӳQJKDQJÿiWUѫQQKҹQEyQJORiQJÿk\OjPӝW
WURQJVӕFiFKDQJÿӝQJ%DUDEDUWKXӝFORҥLFә[ѭDQKҩWWҥLҨQ
ĈӝGRFRQQJѭӡLÿөFWӯÿiPjWKjQK1yÿѭӧFWҥRUDGѭӟLWKӡL
WUӏYuFӫDĈӃFKӃ0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF 7&1 1JѭӡL
[ѭDWKӍQKWKRҧQJFNJQJWҥRQrQÿѭӧFQKӳQJF{QJWUuQKWKұWVӵ
ÿiQJNLQKQJҥFPjNӻWKXұWNKRDKӑFQJj\QD\FNJQJOҳFÿҫX
QJDRQJiQ7ӯKDQJÿӝQJ/RPDV5LVKLFK~QJW{LOҥLEӝKjQK
VDQJPӝWYQJQ~LNKiFÿӇ[HPQKӳQJSKRWѭӧQJFNJQJÿѭӧF
WҥFFQJWKӡLYӟLKDQJÿӝQJ%DUDEDU
6iQJK{PVDXFK~QJW{LQJѭӧF 1HUDxMDUƗ 1L/LrQ7KLӅQ
ÿӇYӅ %RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ QJj\QD\QyFyWrQOj
)DOJX5LYHU0DQj\FRQV{QJFҥQQѭӟFQKLӅXÿRҥQFzQQѭӟF
FKӍ[kP[ҩSEjQFKkQĈLGӑFGzQJV{QJQj\PӟLWKҩ\WKѭѫQJQy
WKұWQKLӅXPDQѭӟFQyPDQJQһQJSKVDWѭӟLWLrXFKRUXӝQJ
ÿӗQJ SKu QKLrX QKӳQJ UXӝQJ FҧL ÿDQJ PD E{QJ FDR TXi ÿҫX
QJѭӡLQKӳQJUXӝQJEҳSFҧLWREӵQKӳQJWKӱDNKRDLWk\FjFKXD
TXҧVDLWUƭXWUӏWQKuQUҩWOjWKtFKPҳW
5ӗL NKL PD NK{ VDQJ V{QJ SKѫL PuQK GѭӟL QҳQJ ÿӇ Oӝ
FҧPӝWGzQJV{QJFiWQJѭӡLGkQWKDKӗ[~FYӅÿӇ[k\GӵQJ
&K~QJW{LFӭWKӃÿLEӝGѭӟLOzQJV{QJKѫQNPPӟLWKҩ\U}
ÿk\OjPӝWFRQV{QJKLӅQKzDVXӕWÿѭӡQJÿLNK{QJWKҩ\NK~F
QjRVҥWOӣKDLErQEӡFKӍWKҩ\WKRDLWKRҧLWRjQODXOiFKÿDQJ
PDE{QJWUҳQJQJѭӡLGkQWKѭӡQJUDFҳWYӅOӧSQKjGӵQJSKrQ
113
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
OLӃS;DKѫQFK~WPLrQPDQOjWKӕWQӕWQKӳQJFk\WKӕWQӕWFDR
WR WKL WKRҧQJ Fy YjL Fk\ QJKLrQJ UD SKtD Eӡ V{QJ WU{QJ WKұW
GX\rQGiQJ;DKѫQFK~WOjUXӝQJÿ{LNKLOҥFJLӳDÿӗQJOjYjL
Fk\WKӕWQӕWFDRWUrQQӅQE{QJFҧLYjQJWU{QJQyQәLOrQQKѭ
PӝWӕFÿҧR[DQKÿҽSOҥWKѭӡQJ«
ĈҩW YQJ Qj\ Fy QKLӅX VpW QJѭӡL GkQ Oҩ\ YӅ QKjR QһQ Eӓ
YjRNKX{QSKѫLNK{UӗLÿӕWOrQWKjQKJҥFKGӑFEӡV{QJWUҧLGjL
QKӳQJOzJҥFK'zQJV{QJQj\PDQJQһQJPӝWWuQKWKѭѫQJ1y
GҥWGjRFKDQFKӭDQX{LEDRÿӡLGkQVӕQJErQÿ{LEӡQyFKRÿL
QKӳQJJuWLQKW~\QKҩWPjNK{QJÿzLKӓLEҩWFӭÿLӅXJuQKѭPӝW
QJѭӡLPҽKLӅQOX{QFKRFRQPuQKQKӳQJJuWӕWÿҽSPjNK{QJ
FҫQEiRÿӅQ1KѭQJÿiSOҥLFRQQJѭӡLFKӍWKtFKQKұQPjNK{QJ
WKtFKFKRÿLQKұQEDRQKLrXFNJQJNK{QJYӯDOzQJWKDPFӫDKӑ
'ӑFEӡV{QJFyQKӳQJFKӛOӗLO}PQKѭYӃWVҽRWUrQFѫWKӇ[LQK
ÿҽSFӫDPӝWGzQJV{QJOjGROzQJWKDPFRQQJѭӡLKҵQOrQPuQK
Qy1KӳQJÿӕQJUiFK{LKiPNpRGjLUDWұQEӡV{QJÿҫ\QKӳQJ
UXӗLQKһQJÿHQ[DQKEӕFPLNLQKNKӫQJĈk\OjVӵWUҧѫQFӫD
FRQQJѭӡLÿӕLYӟLGzQJV{QJQj\+m\ÿLVөFÿ{LFKkQÿDQJÿDX
YjRFiWÿӇQJKHWӯQJQӛLÿӟQÿDXKѫQFӫDGzQJV{QJ0ӛLEѭӟF
FKkQFKQJ[XӕQJFiWQһQJQKѭNpROrQKѭQJNK{QJKӅJuO~F
Qj\WURQJOzQJW{LQһQJWUƭXÿҫ\QKӳQJWKәQWKӭF7{LÿmÿLTXD
UҩWQKLӅXFRQV{QJQKѭQJFKѭDFRQV{QJQjROjPW{LQһQJOzQJ
ÿӃQYұ\
1KkQORҥLѫLKm\QKұQQKӳQJJuWKLrQQKLrQEDQWһQJYjKm\
ELӃWOjPFKRQyFjQJQJj\FjQJWӕWÿҽSWKrPÿӯQJYuOzQJWKDP
PjKӫ\KRҥLkQQKkQFӫDPuQK7KѭѫQJWKD\PӝWGzQJV{QJ
114
Kỳ IXIDžƺOHNƹUEƯOHTƴOH
&KLӅXÿӃQÿҫXOjQJ6HQƗQLWӯ[DÿmWKҩ\FӝLFk\WROӟQQy
OӟQÿӃQQӛLSKҧLWҫPKѫQKDLFKөFQJѭӡLQӕLYzQJWD\PӟL{P
YӯDJӕFFk\Ĉk\FKtQKOjFӝLFk\NKL[ѭDWtQQӳ6XMƗWƗ 7X;j
ĈD KD\ÿӃQFҫXQJX\ӋQQjQJFҫX[LQÿѭӧFJҧYjRQKjFKӗQJ
P{QÿăQJKӝÿӕLYjVDQKKҥFRQWUDLQӕLG}LÿҫXOzQJѭӟFQJX\ӋQ
QӃXWKjQKKҵQJQăPQjQJVӁVҳPOӉSKҭPF~QJWҥWKҫQOLQK1D\
PӑLQJX\ӋQѭӟFÿmQKѭêQjQJFQJQJѭӡLKҫXJiLFKXҭQEӏYұW
WKӵF ÿӇF~QJWҥWKҫQ OLQK 3KҫQ YұW WKӵF ҩ\ ÿm ÿѭӧF GkQJ ÿӃQ
%ӗWiW6LGGKDWWKD 7ҩWĈҥWĈD ÿDQJWKLӅQÿӏQKӣÿk\1KӡPkP
FѫPVӳDQj\%ӗWiWÿmKӗLSKөFNKtOӵFVDXÿyQJjL[XӕQJWҳP
ӣV{QJ1HUDxMDUƗ 1L/LrQ7KLӅQ %ӗWiWWKҧPkPYjQJ[XӕQJ
V{QJYjQJX\ӋQUҵQJQӃXÿҥROӟQWuPÿѭӧFWKuPkPYjQJVӁWU{L
QJѭӧFGzQJV{QJ
1JX\ӋQ[RQJ%ӗWiWTXăQJPkPYjQJ[XӕQJQѭӟFQKѭPӝW
SKpSPҫXPkPYjQJQJѭӧFQѭӟFWU{LOrQ%LӃWQJX\ӋQOӟQVӁ
WKjQK%ӗWiWYӳQJQLӅPWLQYjRFRQÿѭӡQJWuPÿҥRFӫDPuQK
7UѭӟF NKL VDQJ V{QJ 1JjL ÿѭӧF QJѭӡL FKăQ Ez 6RWWKL\D
F~QJGѭӡQJWiPEyFӓÿӇOjPEӗÿRjQ6RWWKL\DVDXQj\WUӣWKjQK
PӝW Yӏ WǤNKѭX WURQJ JLiR SKiS FӫD ĈӭF 3KұW 1Jj\ QD\ ErQ
Qj\V{QJYүQFzQQJ{LÿӅQQKӓWѭӣQJQLӋPQѫLPj6RWWKL\Dÿm
F~QJ GѭӡQJ WiP Ey Fӓ ÿӃQ 1JjL 6DX ÿy %ӗWiW ÿm VDQJ V{QJ
ÿӃQFӝLFk\%ӗÿӅYjWuPUDÿҥROӟQ.K{QJ[DQѫLQj\OjWKiS
JҥFKWѭӣQJQLӋPQjQJ6XMƗWƗ 7X;jĈD WKiSKLӋQQD\FKӍOj
PӝWÿӕQJJҥFKWR[k\WUzQQKѭPӝWQJӑQQ~LQKӓ7KӡLJLDQÿm
EjRPzQÿLWҩWFҧQpWKRDYăQYjKӑDWLӃWFӫD%ҧRWKiSWѭӣQJQKӟ
Qj\7ѭѫQJWUX\ӅQÿk\OjQJ{L%ҧRWKiSFҫXWӵ [LQFRQ YuQjQJ
115
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ IXIDžƺOHNƹUEƯOHTƴOH
6XMƗWƗ 7X;jĈD FyKDLÿLӅXPѫѭӟFÿӅXÿmÿѭӧFWRҥLQJX\ӋQ
1rQÿDVӕQJѭӡLÿӃQÿk\YLӃQJWKăPYjFҫXWӵOjQKLӅX7{LFKӍ
ÿLQJDQJTXDYjJLӟLWKLӋXVѫOѭӧFYұ\³WKXL´FKӭW{LNK{QJFy
FҫXQJX\ӋQFҫXWӵJuӣÿk\FҧQKp
ĈrP FK~QJ W{L QJӫ ErQ Qj\ Eӡ V{QJ ӣ &KD Ĉӝ 6DQK EҧQJ KLӋX JKL EҵQJ WLӃQJ 9LӋW QKѭQJ WKұW UD ÿk\ Oj QJ{L ÿӅQ
WKXӝFҨQĈӝJLiR
.KLOӅXWUҥL[RQJÿkXÿҩ\W{LQJӗL[HPOҥLWӯQJYӃWWKѭѫQJ
K{PQD\ÿLWUrQFiWOҥLOӝLQѭӟFEҭQQrQSKҧL[ӱOêYjViWWUQJ
FiFYӃWWKѭѫQJFKӭNK{QJNKpRQKLӉPWUQJQKѭFKѫL;RQJW{L
QJKLrQJ OѭQJ QҵP [XӕQJ FKiQK QLӋP YjR KѫL WKӣ QKѭQJ JLҩF
QJӫK{PQD\OҥLÿLÿkXPҩW1yNK{QJWUӣOҥLYӟLW{L1yODQJ
WKDQJÿLGӑFGzQJV{QJQKѭFӕJKLOҥLQKӳQJJuÿmWKҩ\KӃWODQJ
WKDQJGӑFV{QJQyOӝLVDQJEӡNLDÿӇYjRQѫL%ӗWiWWKjQKÿҥR
%ӛQJPӝWWLӃQJFKX{QJQJkQQyJLұWPuQKWUӣYӅJLӳDPѫYj
WKӵFNK{QJELӃWOjWLӃQJFKX{QJKD\kPWKDQKPkPYjQJQJjQ
[ѭDWӯOzQJV{QJYӑQJYӅ&K~QJW{LWKӭFGұ\FKXҭQEӏVDQJV{QJ
ÿyQEuQKPLQK
116
B†\U=S`OƒXOgO=W;W}\CVWģ\
117
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
118
Kỳ IXIDžƺOHNƹUEƯOHTƴOH
119
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ IXIDžƺOHNƹUEƯOHTƴOH
;u\UBS\O\WfļOduQĮWQvgĠOĠěcZu\U
- 1ğ]bVt^bļĸ\U\WĢ[\u\UBcXObOCcGuíO
120
CVĞQVĠĮ\U1O`OPO`
121
.Ǥ;
Phát nguyện
Theo dấu chân Phật
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7{LÿѭDWD\OrQ{PQJӵFPuQKPDQJWKHRKuQKҧQKFӝL%ӗÿӅ
WURQJWLPWLӃSWөFKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұW´
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
FҫXU~QJÿӝQJWDPJLӟLÿӅXELӃWPӝWYӏ3KұWQӳDÿmWKjQKFRQ
ÿѭӡQJ7UXQJĈҥRFә[ѭDEӏOҩSÿҫ\JDLEөLOҥLPӝWOҫQQӳDÿѭӧF
WuPWKҩ\
/~F Qj\ ÿDQJ FXӕL PD PѭD WKӡL WLӃW NK{ Yj NK{QJ TXi
&
OҥQKUҩWWKtFKKӧSFKRGXOӏFKQrQOѭӧQJQJѭӡLKjQKKѭѫQJWӯ
FiFTXӕFJLDYӅÿk\ÿ{QJOҳP'zQJQJѭӡL[DQKÿӓWtPYjQJ
K~QJW{LOҥLWUӣYӅÿk\QѫLFKӕQOLQKWKLrQJQj\'ÿmWUӣ
WK{LWKuÿӫFҧPӛLQJѭӡLYӅÿk\PDQJWKHRPӝWWkPWUҥQJYj
YӅ QKLӅX OҫQ QKѭQJ YүQ QKѭ OҫQ ÿҫX ÿѭӧF ÿһW FKkQ ÿӃQ
FҧP [~F ULrQJ &zQ W{L NKL OҫQ ÿҫX WLrQ WӟL ÿk\ W{L KiR KӭF
7{L PRQJ FKӡ ÿѭӧF ÿL YjR ErQ WURQJ NKX{Q YLrQ %RGK
ÿѭӧFÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF3KұWWURQJ%ҧRWKiSUӗLUDVDXFӝL
*D\Ɨ %ӗ ĈӅ ĈҥR7UjQJ ÿӇÿҧQKOӉ%ҧRWKiSW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF
3KұWYjFӝL%ӗÿӅOӏFKVӱ
%ӗÿӅÿӇQJӗLWKLӅQ7{LQJKƭQJӗLWKLӅQQѫLWKiQKWtFKOӏFKVӱ
/ӕLYjRÿѭӧFFҧQKViWY}WUDQJEҧRYӋYjNKiP[pWUҩWNӻ
NӃWTXҧNK{QJQKѭW{LQJKƭQJӗLWKuYүQÿDXFKkQYjEӏPXӛL
FҩPFiFFKҩWFKi\QәYұWQJX\KLӇPFҧÿLӋQWKRҥLFNJQJNK{QJ
ÿѭӧF PDQJ YjR ErQ WURQJ NKX{Q YLrQ %ҧR WKiS 1ӃX Oӥ PDQJ
WKHRÿLӋQWKRҥLEҥQFҫQTXD\WUӣUDErQSKҧLFәQJÿӇJӱLӣEӕW
FҧQKViWEҥQFKӍFҫQNêKDLFKӳNêGӉOҳP9jRJLӡKjQKFKtQK
SKҧL[ӃSKjQJFKӡKѫLOkXWӕWQKҩWOjGӗQÿLӋQWKRҥLOҥLFKRPӝW
WKjQK YLrQ WURQJ ÿRjQ ÿӭQJ ÿӧL JӱL PӑL QJѭӡL FzQ OҥL Fy WKӇ
ÿLYjR%ӣLW{LKLӇXWkPWUҥQJDLWӟLÿk\FNJQJQ{QQyQJPRQJ
FKӡ«QKѭW{LYұ\
%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ OjFKӕQOLQKWKLrQJQKҩWFӫD
3KұW JLiR QѫL ÿӭF %ӗWiW QJӝ ÿҥR WUӣ WKjQK PӝW Yӏ 3KұW WUrQ
WKӃJLDQ .ӇWӯÿyQJXӗQViQJDQOҥFFzQWӓUҥQJFKRWӟLWұQ
QJj\QD\VRLViQJY{OѭӧQJÿrPWUѭӡQJGүQÿѭӡQJFKREDR
FRQQJѭӡLOҫPOҥFWKҩ\OӕLPjTXD\YӅ1Jj\K{PÿyTXҧÿӏD
124
KX\KRjQJQj\VӁFyQKLӅXNLQKQJKLӋPWKLӅQWұSOҳP1KѭQJ
FҳQQKѭWKѭӡQJWKLӅQ[RQJW{LYүQYұ\WKDPVkQVLNK{QJKӅ
VX\JLҧPWҽRQjR
ĈѭD PҳW QKuQ TXDQK WKҩ\ KӃW ÿRjQ Qj\ OҥL ÿRjQ Qӑ QKLӉX
TXDQK%ҧRWKiSYjUҩWQKLӅXQJѭӡLQJӗLWKLӅQQKLӅXQJѭӡLWөQJ
NLQKFҫXQJX\ӋQ1KӳQJQJѭӡLWKHR0ұWW{QJÿDQJQҵPGjLWUrQ
WҩPYiQÿӇOҥ\KDLEjQWD\KӑGLFKX\ӇQPzQFҧWҩPYiQGj\
WKұWWKjQKWkPWKұWWtQWKjQK1KӳQJQKj6ѭQJӗLWөQJNLQK[XQJ
TXDQK%ҧRWKiSQKLӅXQJѭӡLQJӗLPRQJQKһWÿѭӧFPӝWFKLӃFOi
ӣFӝLFk\OLQKWKLrQJQj\ÿӇOjPNӹQLӋPĈk\ÿyUҩWQKLӅX³QKj
6ѭ ҨQ Ĉӝ´ QJӗL WKLӅQ Fy QJѭӡL WөQJ NLQK YӟL EuQK EiW WUѭӟF
PһWWURQJEiWFyYjLÿӗQJOҿGRNKiFKWKұSSKѭѫQJF~QJ1KuQ
FiF³QKj6ѭҨQĈӝ´Qj\FNJQJWK~Yӏ+ӑÿLEiWWӯViQJVӟPFKR
ÿӃQWӕL
125
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7ӯQJRjLFәQJ%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ ÿLYjRFyEӕQ
WKDQKÿӗQJYjQJÿӇOjPWD\YӏQFKRPӑLQJѭӡLOrQ[XӕQJEӅPһW
WD\YӏQYjQJUӝPEyQJORiQJ9jFҧQKӳQJFRQÿѭӡQJEDRTXDQK
OiWÿiQJѭӡLWDÿLNLQKKjQKTXDOҥLQKLӅXOҫQOjPPһWÿiEyQJ
QKҹQFKRWKҩ\OѭӧQJQJѭӡLÿәYӅ%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ
KjQKKѭѫQJOӟQÿӃQGѭӡQJQjRĈӃQÿk\QJRjLFKLrPEiL%ҧR
WKiSYjFӝL%ӗÿӅFK~QJWDQrQÿLFҧUDErQQJRjLWKăP[HPFiF
QѫLNKiFQKѭFKӛ1JjLÿӭQJPӝWWXҫQQKuQFӝL%ӗÿӅÿmWӯQJFKH
PѭDÿӥQҳQJFKR1JjLQrXWҩPJѭѫQJPX{QÿӡLFӫDKҥQKWULkQ
6DXNKLWKjQKĈҥR1JjLӣOҥLQѫLQj\Eҧ\WXҫQFyEҧ\QѫL
QKѭWKӃTXDQKNKX{QYLrQQj\ĈӯQJYӝLUӡLÿLKm\EӓGpSEѭӟF
QKҽÿ{LFKkQWUҫQWUrQPһWÿiÿӇFҧPQKұQQJXӗQQăQJOѭӧQJ
WkPOLQKÿDQJWKҩPYjRÿ{LEjQFKkQODQOrQWӯQJWӃEjRYjWKҳS
OrQQJӑQOӱDWURQJWLPEҥQ+m\ÿӃQÿk\ÿӇKӑFEjLKӑFWULkQ
GFӝLFk\FKӍFKHPѭDÿӥQҳQJWK{L«Pj1JjLFNJQJKjPѫQ
7URQJ[mKӝLQJj\QD\FK~QJWDQrQOҩ\ÿyOjPEjLKӑFOӟQ&zQ
QӳDKm\ÿӃQÿk\ÿӇWKҩ\PӝWFRQQJѭӡLYƭÿҥLÿmVLQKUDGѭӟL
FӝLFk\WKjQKĈҥRGѭӟLFӝLFk\Yj1LӃWEjQFNJQJGѭӟLFӝLFk\
3KҧLFKăQJÿk\OjWK{QJÿLӋSPjĈӭF3KұWFӫDFK~QJWDPXӕQ
JӱLÿӃQFKRQKkQORҥLWӯKѫQQăPWUѭӟFFKRYҩQQҥQP{L
VLQKÿDQJQyQJOrQWRjQFҫXKLӋQQD\"
1JRjL%ҧRWKiSFӝL%ӗÿӅErQWUiL%ҧRWKiSFzQFyPӝW
WUөÿiFӫDYXD$VRND $'өF GӵQJOrQÿӇNӹQLӋPOҫQÿҫXWLrQ
1JjL FQJ JLD TX\ӃQ ÿӃQ ÿk\ 7Uө ÿi$VRND $ 'өF Oj PLQK
FKӭQJOӏFKVӱÿӇFiFQKjNKҧRFәKӑFWuPOҥLÿѭӧFQѫLQj\GѭӟL
Y{YjQNKyLEөLFKLӃQWUDQKKRDQJWjQÿәQiW«FQJVӵEҥFEӁR
126
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
OҥQKOQJY{WuQKFӫDWKӡLJLDQ1Jj\QD\QJѭӡLҨQYjRÿk\VDX
NKLFҫXQJX\ӋQKӑGQJÿӗQJ[XQpPOrQÿӍQKFӝWWUөÿiQӃX
ÿӗQJ[XQҵPOҥLWUrQÿӍQKWUөWKuѭӟFQJX\ӋQFӫDKӑVӁÿҥWÿѭӧF
7{LFNJQJWKӱPҩ\OҫQQKѭQJOҫQQjRÿӗQJ[XFNJQJUѫL[XӕQJÿҩW
FKӭQJWӓW{LNK{QJÿҥWÿѭӧFVӣQJX\ӋQQjRPjW{LFzQSKҧLÿL
ĈLQJX\ӋQѭӟFPӟLWKjQK
&yÿLӅXOҥOjWҩWFҧFiFF{QJWUuQKNLӃQWU~FFәWKѭӡQJEӏO~Q
VkX[XӕQJVRYӟLPһWÿҩW[XQJTXDQKFKӭQJWӓQKӳQJF{QJWUuQK
Qj\WӯQJWROӟQYjUҩWQһQJQrQOjPPһWÿҩWO~Q[XӕQJFKăQJ"
ӢWURQJNKX{QYLrQQj\QKjNKҧRFәKӑF$OH[DQGHU&XQQLJKDP
YjRWKӃNӹWKӭ;,;ÿmNKDLTXұWÿѭӧFQKLӅXKLӋQYұWFyJLiWUӏ
OӏFKVӱOLrQTXDQÿӃQWKiQKWtFKQj\FiFKLӋQYұWYүQFzQWURQJ
EҧR WjQJ ÿӏD SKѭѫQJ ÐQJ Oj QJѭӡL Fy WҫP KLӇX ELӃW VkX UӝQJ
YӅ QӅQ YăQ KyD Fә [ѭD ҨQ Ĉӝ NӇ Fҧ SKRQJ WөF WұS TXiQ ÿӏD
SKѭѫQJ&KtQK{QJÿmWuPOҥLQJXӗQJӕFWӯQJÿӏDGDQKFӫD3KұW
JLiRUӗLF{QJEӕFKRWRjQWKӃJLӟLELӃWÐQJÿmJLҧLWKtFKWӯQJ
7KiQKWtFKYjJLӟLWKLӋXWӯQJFKLWLӃWOӏFKVӱOLrQKӋ
ĈLWKHRÿRjQFKLӅXQD\FyWKrPPӝWFK~FKyFK~WDWrQOj
6ӕFK~ÿmWKHRÿRjQ7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWURQJUXәLÿk\ÿyÿѭӧF
OҫQUӗLPӛLFKX\ӃQÿLtWQKҩWNPYұ\WtQKUDVѫVѫ6ӕ
ÿmÿLTXDTXmQJÿѭӡQJKѫQNP6ӕYӕQOjFKyKRDQJYu
WKLӋQGX\rQVDRÿyNKLJһSÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJÿLWUrQÿҩWҨQOҫQWKӭ
KDLFK~ÿLWKHRFKRWӟLJLӡ0ӛLNKLÿRjQNӃWWK~FKjQKWUuQKYӅ
QѭӟF6ӕQJөOҥLFKD7KiL/DQӣ%RGK*D\ƗQj\
+DLFK~FKyÿLFQJÿRjQWӯ.RONDWDYӅÿk\FKӍFzQPӝWFK~
PӝWFK~ÿmÿLWKHRWLӃQJJӑLQѫLKRDQJGm
127
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
6ѭÿӋW{LÿһWWrQFKRFK~FzQOҥLQj\Oj$ORNDQJKƭDOj³9{
ELrQJLӟL´6ӕYj$ORNDNKLPӟLJһSQKDXFNJQJKҵPKqQKDXÿ{L
FK~WQKѭQJYӟLFiLX\FӫDNҿWӯQJFKLQKFKLӃQYjYѭӧWTXDKѫQ
NP6ӕYүQOjÿҥLFD$ORNDQJRDQQJRmQYHYҭ\ÿX{LPӛL
NKLJһS6ӕ+uQKҧQK6ӕQәLWLӃQJOҳPYuWӯFKX\ӃQÿL7KHRGҩX
FKkQ3KұWOҫQWKӭKDLWӟLQD\QăPQjRFNJQJFyKuQKFK~GүQÿRjQ
QrQPӑLQJѭӡLELӃWÿӃQFK~UҩWQKLӅX
;LQÿѭӧFNӇWLӃSĈRjQFK~QJW{LÿLYjRWUrQWD\OjGҧLOөD
YjQJÿѭӧFJKLSKѭѫQJGDQKFiFWKtFKӫÿmSKiWWkPKӹF~QJFKR
KjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWQăPQD\FQJWkPQJX\ӋQFӫD
Kӑ7{LFNJQJGjQKKjQJJLӡJKLWrQFiFWKtFKӫQJѭӡL9LӋWOrQÿy
FQJOӡLQJX\ӋQFҫXFKRFKDPҽWKҫ\WәFKѭYӏkQQKkQOX{Q
ÿѭӧFVӵDQYXLYjW{LFNJQJNK{QJTXrQJKLOrQÿyOӡLQJX\ӋQFҫX
FKRVӵKzDEuQKFӫDWKӃJLӟL&K~QJW{LQKLӉXTXDQK%ҧRWKiS
FKtQYzQJYӯDÿLYӯDWөQJkQÿӭF7DP%ҧRVDXÿyÿRjQYjRWKiS
ÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{QGѭӟLFKkQW{QWѭӧQJFK~QJW{L
SKiWQJX\ӋQKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWYjUDVDX%ҧR
WKiSÿҧQKOӉFӝL%ӗÿӅ
1]RV6OgO1įíģíĞ]C`u\UdubVt^<OVOP]RVWíĞW6WtQ
6DXNKLUӡLFӝL%ӗÿӅW{LWiFKÿRjQÿLUD[DOӵDPӝWFKӛ
QJӗLFDRKѫQQѫLFyWKӇWKҩ\FӝL%ӗÿӅWURQJWҫPPҳW1KҳP
PҳWOҥLFӝL%ӗÿӅKLӋQOrQWURQJWkPW{LPӝWO~FUӗLPҩW0ӣPҳW
QKuQFӝL%ӗÿӅPӝWOѭӧWQӳDYjWKXQyYjRWkPFӭQKѭWKӃKӃW
OҫQQj\WӟLOҫQNKiFFKRÿӃQO~FKuQKҧQKFӝL%ӗÿӅU}QpWGҫQ
WURQJWkPW{L1KҳPPҳWOҥLWUrQQӅQWUӡL[DQKFӝL%ӗÿӅKLӋQ
OrQ[DQKWѭѫLFjQKOiÿXQJÿѭDWKHRJLy7{LÿѭDWD\OrQ{P
QJӵFPuQKPDQJWKHRKuQKҧQKFӝL%ӗÿӅWURQJWLPWLӃSWөFKjQK
WUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұW
128
129
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
130
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
131
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
132
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
133
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
C`ĺĠtdcO0a]YO03ĺQRľ\UĠĤĠt\VRęc\ĴW1įbtbBWRRVObbVOCęb
íĞbíObVu\VĠĞ]bĞWYVc†\dW}\1]RV6OgO1įíģíĞ]C`u\U\Uug\Og
7įb`]\UYVc†\dW}\1]RV6OgO1įíģíĞ]C`u\U
134
135
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
136
Kỳ x3IƎUOHVZƩO7IFPEƕVDIƓO3IƘU
137
.Ǥ;,
chàng Đạo Sĩ
mắt Đen
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³ÐL+LKӳXWKD\OjQKkQGX\rQ
ÐL+LKӳXWKD\OjQJKLӋSOӵFÐL+LKӳXWKD\
OjJLiR3KiSÿѭӧFNKpRWKX\ӃWEӣLÿҩQJ7KLӋQ7KӋ´
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
Y{ WuQK OѭӟW )DFHERRN WKҩ\ WUDQJ 1JӑD7QJ$P WKu YjR ÿӑF
Yj [HP ҧQK 7KHR GҩX FKkQ 3KұW NǤ 9,, FRQ JiL FӫD EҥQ ҩ\
ÿDQJKӑFOӟSFNJQJ[HPFQJ7Kҩ\ҧQKFK~QJW{LEҥQQKӓQyL
FKX\ӋQYӟLPҽ
0ҩ\QJѭӡLWURQJҧQKÿҽSTXiFRQWKtFKYӁPҩ\QJѭӡLҩ\
5
Ĉҩ\OjFiFYӏ6ѭFRQSKҧLJӑLOj6ѭFRQQKӟFKѭD"
ӡL%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ FK~QJW{LKѭӟQJ
YӅ SKtD %ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D /D 1ҥL WKҷQJ WLӃQ Fӭ GӑF
WKHRTXӕFOӝWKuTXmQJÿѭӡQJ[DWҫPNPQKѭQJ
FK~QJW{LFKӑQOӕLPHQWKHROjQJPҥFWKHRFKkQQ~LQrQFyWKӇ
GjLKѫQFK~WÿӍQK.K{QJVDR &K~QJW{LÿLÿӇJLHRGX\rQFKR
QJѭӡLGkQҨQWKҩ\OҥLKuQKҧQKĈӭF3KұWYj7ăQJÿRjQWKiQK
KҥQKWKXӣ[ѭDQrQNK{QJFKӑQÿѭӡQJQJҳQQKҩW+ӑGkQWӝF
ҨQÿmTXrQ³ĈӭF3KұWFӫDPuQK´FҧQJjQQăPUӗLNӇWӯWKӃ
Nӹ;,,NKLÿӝLTXkQ[kPOѭӧF+ӗLJLiR7Kә1Kƭ.ǤWjQEҥRÿm
[yDVәWҩWFҧ
&jQJYӅJҫQ%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL WKӡLWLӃWFjQJOҥQKKѫQ
ÿDQJJLӳDWUѭDPjFKӍKѫQR&PһWWUӡL[X\rQTXDOjQVѭѫQJ
Gj\OҥQKFăPWKҧ[XӕQJWKӭiQKViQJPӡÿөFJLiEXӕWĈRjQ
NKӣLKjQKWӯO~FFzQÿrPÿHQJLyWKәLYYÿLPӝWO~FFѫWKӇ
ҩPGҫQOrQQKѭQJKDLEjQWD\WrFyQJQKLӅXYӏÿѭDWD\OrQYӯD
FKHJLyYӯDÿӇKjKѫLFKRҩPQKuQWKҩ\PjWKѭѫQJ9jLQJj\
UӗLVӁTXHQGҫQFiLOҥQKQj\WK{LNK{QJYҩQÿӅJuFҧ
7KӡL WLӃW OҥQK Oj WKӃ QKѭQJ K{P QD\ ÿL Pj WURQJ OzQJ W{L
WKҩ\ ҩP iS Vӵ ҩP iS ÿӃQ Wӯ TXr QKj &KX\ӋQ Oj Fy PӝW EҥQ
140
%ҥQҩ\³Gҥ´UӗLFKҥ\ELӃQÿLPҩWPӝWO~FVDXEҥQҩ\TXD\
OҥLWUrQWD\FҫPWӡJLҩ\ÿmYӁÿѭDFKRPҽ[HPPLӋQJFѭӡLWRH
WRpWQyL
0ҽѫLPҽ[HPSKҧL6ѭÿ~QJNK{QJ"0ҽFKөSҧQKJӱLFKR
6ѭÿLFRQYӁWһQJ6ѭҩ\FiF6ѭҩ\ÿҽSTXi
1KұQÿѭӧFKuQKYӁFQJWҩPOzQJKӗQQKLrQFӫDFRQWUҿW{L
FҧPWKҩ\WKұWKҥQKSK~FYjҩPOzQJ(PEpQj\ӣYQJFDRFKѭD
EDRJLӡWKҩ\FiFQKj6ѭQKѭQJNKLWKҩ\ҧQKFiF6ѭWKuEҥQQKӓ
WKtFKWӵSKiWWkPÿLYӁPӝWQKkQGX\rQNǤOҥ%pFKӑQPjX
SKӕL PjX QKҽ KӗQ QKLrQ WKDQK WKRiW QKѭ PӝW KӑD Vƭ FKX\rQ
QJKLӋSNK{QJÿѫQJLҧQÿkX/jWKLrQWjLWtKRQÿy
.KRҧQJ ÿRҥQ JLӳD %RGK *D\Ɨ %ӗ ĈӅ ĈҥR 7UjQJ Yj
%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL FK~QJW{LÿLTXDPӝWQJӑQQ~Lÿiӣÿk\
ÿiJDQJjOjFKtQKKӃWOӟSQj\FKӗQJOrQOӟSQӑWKjQKQ~LQKLӅX
ÿRҥQÿiFKӗQJQKDXWKjQKYiFKWKҷQJErQUuDQ~LPҩ\Fk\ÿD
QKӓPӑFEX{QJYjLFKPUӉWKұWGX\rQWKLrQQKLrQOX{QOjEұF
WKҫ\FӫDQJKӋWKXұWYұ\ÿy1~LÿiOqRWqRFk\[DQKWUҧQJFӓ
ÿm~DYjQJ'ѭӟLFKkQQ~LPӑFQKLӅXFk\ÿDFk\PHUҩWWR[HQ
OүQYjLQJ{LÿӅQ+LQGX7UrQÿӍQKFNJQJOjPӝWQJ{LÿӅQ+LQGX
141
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
PjXWUҳQJQKӳQJEұFWKDQJÿiJDQJjGүQOӕLOrQÿӅQ9QJÿҩW
Qj\QJRjLQKӳQJQJ{LÿӅQFyNKXQJKƭDWUDQJFӫDQKӳQJQJѭӡL
WKHRÿҥR+ӗLYjOj³QKjYӋVLQKF{QJFӝQJ´FӫDPҩ\QJ{LOjQJ
OkQFұQ
&iFK FKkQ Q~L NK{QJ [D OăQJ Pӝ FӫD KDL Yӏ WѭӟQJ WKXӝF
TXkQÿӝL+ӗLJLiR0ӝWQJ{LPӝ[k\WUrQQӅQÿҩWEҵQJFyWѭӡQJ
EDRYjFiFFәQJUҩWÿҽS*ҫQÿyQJ{LPӝWKӭKDLÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJ
TX\P{KѫQWRÿҽSKѫQÿһWJLӳDKӗQѭӟFFyFk\FҫXÿLTXD&ҧ
KDLQJ{LPӝQj\ÿӅXÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJEҵQJÿiVDWKҥFKKӗQJQJj\
QD\WUӣWKjQKGLWtFKOӏFKVӱFҩSTXӕFJLDQrQOX{QFyQJѭӡLWU{QJ
FRLYjEҧRYӋ
&K~QJW{LJKpQ~LQj\ÿӇWKăPQѫLĈӭF3KұWWӯQJJһSÿҥR
Vƭ8SDND8SDNDOjDLQjR"/ҫQWKHRVӱ3KұW³DQKFKjQJQj\´
Oj³ÿҥRVƭPҳWÿHQ´PӝWGXVƭÿҽSWUDLFyÿӡLVӕQJJLӟLKҥQK
WKXWK~FWUuEuQKNKҩWWKӵFUҩWWUDQJQJKLrPPӑLQJѭӡLNӍQKPӝ
JӑLFKjQJOjEұF$ODKiQ&KjQJ\rXWKtFKÿӡLVӕQJQ~LUӯQJ
Yj³\rXFiLÿҽS´+{PNLDNKLYkQGXWUӣYӅQ~LFKjQJJһSPӝW
&RQ1JѭӡLÐL6DRPjÿҽSTXi1JѭӡLҩ\WKXK~WiQKQKuQOjP
FKRWkPFKjQJFҧPWKҩ\WKѭWKiLFKjQJÿӃQJҫQFKjRKӓLSKҧL
OӁYjWiQWKiQ
&KjREҥQWKkQiL%ҥQÿҽSTXiÿҽSOҥOQJ&KjQJPӍP
FѭӡLVXQJVѭӟQJWiQWKѭӣQJUӗLQyLWLӃS/өFFăQFӫDEҥQDQәQ
WKDQKWӏQKOjPVDR"ӖNK{QJSKҧL1yLYұ\FNJQJFKѭDÿ~QJ1y
OjPFKRVӵDQәQWKDQKWӏQKFNJQJEӏQKLӃSSKөF+jRTXDQJViX
PjXWӯQѫLEҥQOjPFKRPӝWYӏĈҥL3KҥP7KLrQFNJQJSKҧLJDQKWӏ
1ѭӟFGDFӫDEҥQFKyLQJӡLQKѭPҽYjQJUzQJ&KҳFVӭFNKӓH
142
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
FӫDEҥQGӗLGjROҳP"&KҷQJKD\EҥQWrQFKL"%ҥQӣÿkX";XҩW
JLDYӟLDL"ĈҩQJĈҥR6ѭFӫDEҥQOjYӏQjR"%ҥQWLQWѭӣQJYjR
JLiRSKiSQjR"
ĈҥRVƭ8SDNDKӓLKX\rQWKX\rQNK{QJNӏSWKӣ
&iL &RQ 1JѭӡL Yӏ 6DP{Q WUҿ WXәL ҩ\ FKtQK Oj ĈӭF 3KұW
6DXNKLWKjQKĈҥRGѭӟLFӝL%ӗÿӅÿDQJWUrQÿѭӡQJYӅ0LJDGƗ\D
9ѭӡQ1DL ÿӇFKX\ӇQ3KiS/XkQJһS8SDNDPӝWGXVƭQJRҥL
ÿҥRQJjLELӃWFyGX\rQVDXQj\QrQÿӧLFKR\QyL[RQJĈӭF
ĈҥR6ѭPӟLEҧR
1j\8SDNƗMLYLNDĈӭF3KұWJӑLÿtFKGDQKFKjQJ1Kѭ/DL
ÿmY{QKLӉPJLӳDWUҫQFҧQKÿmÿRҥQWұQiFSKiSÿmWӏFKWӏQKY{
GөFÿmEѭӟFUDNKӓLPӑLFKҩSWUѭӟFӣEҧQWKkQYjWKӃJLDQÿLrQ
ÿҧRNLӃQ1Kѭ/DLÿmFKLӃQWKҳQJ7DPJLӟLFKӭQJÿҥRTXҧ9{
7KѭӧQJ%ӗÿӅWKuFzQDLOj7Kҫ\FӫD1Kѭ/DL"*LӳDFK~QJ&Kѭ
WKLrQ3KҥPWKLrQ1Kѭ/DLÿӭQJPӝWPuQKOj7Kҫ\FӫDKӑ1D\
1Kѭ/DLÿLYӅ0LJDGƗ\D /ӝF*Lҧ9ѭӡQ1DL ӣ%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D
1ҥL ÿӇTXD\EiQK[H3KiSJLyQJWLӃQJWUӕQJ%ҩW7ӱFKRFK~QJ
VDQKWӍQKJLҩFPӝQJWUѭӡQJ
8SDNDQyL
0RQJ UҵQJ Vӵ YLӋF VӁ ÿ~QJ QKѭ EҥQ QyL %ҥQ WKұW [ӭQJ
ÿiQJÿѭӧFJӑLOjEұF&KLӃQ7KҳQJ%ҩW'LӋW
1yL[RQJ8SDNDTXD\OѭQJEӓÿLFKjQJYӅWKҩWFӫDPuQK
YXL YӟL Q~L UӯQJ FQJ JLy K~ +{P NLD ÿL EiW FKjQJ JһS PӝW
QJѭӡLFRQJiLÿjRWѫVHQQJy1jQJOjSKRWѭӧQJOjWiFSKҭP
WX\ӋWPӻFӫDWKӧWUӡLWKӧQJKLӋS1jQJFyÿ{LPҳWÿHQѭӟWYj
143
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
WURQJ[DQKOyQJOiQK1jQJOjVӵÿDWuQKFӫDFK~DX\rQѭѫQJFӫD
FK~DEӗFkX1jQJFyGiQJÿLÿjLFiFYjX\ӇQFKX\ӇQFӫDFK~D
WKLrQQJD&iLFKkQFiLWD\FiLFәÿ{LPiQKѭWUӭQJJjQ}QYj
PNJPPƭPQKѭFk\OӵXQҭ\PҫP&yQөFѭӡLѭӟWVѭѫQJYjWULQK
EҥFKQKѭQөKRDKjPWLӃXWUrQÿҫXQ~L1jQJÿҽSÿӃQQӛLFKD
QjQJtWGiPFKRQjQJÿLÿkXVӧWKDQKQLrQWUDLWUiQJUӟWWUzQJ
PҳWUDQJRjLKRһFPӑFÿӭQJPӑFQJӗLWKjQK³Fk\VLEөLVL´KӃW
WKuFNJQJWӝL1jQJWrQOj&ƗSƗ
6DX NKL JһS QjQJ WURQJ PҳW WURQJ WkP FӫD 8SDND FKӍ Fy
PӛLQjQJ8SDNDQJKƭQӃXNK{QJFyÿѭӧFQjQJOjPYӧFKjQJVӁ
FKӃWQrQTXrQăQTXrQQJӫFKӍPѫYӅQjQJ0ӝWWXҫQKѫQQJѭӡL
WDNK{QJWKҩ\ÿҥRVƭÿLEiWQӳDQrQWuPWӟLWKҩWFKjQJÿӇ[HP
&KjQJÿDQJQҵPWKRLWKySErQEiWFѫPÿmPӕFPHRWӵEDR
JLӡ'kQOjQJKӓL8SDNDWuQKWKұWWUҧOӡL
4XêYӏѫLW{LNK{QJSKҧLOjEұF$ODKiQQD\WkPWUtÿ{L
PҳWYjiQKViQJWURQJW{LNK{QJFzQQӳDWҩWFҧFKӍFy&ƗSƗQJӵ
WUӏWK{LQӃXNK{QJFyÿѭӧFQjQJW{LVӁFKӃW
0ӑLQJѭӡLFӕNKX\rQOѫQYүQNK{QJÿѭӧFTXDQJj\WKӭ
WKuKӑEҩWOӵFUӗLFKjQJVӁFKӃWWK{L7KѭѫQJ8SDND³ÿҥRVƭPҳW
ÿHQ´KuQKGRQJNK{Jҫ\WLӅXWө\KӑÿjQKNKX\rQFKD&ƗSƗJҧ
FRQJiLFKRFKjQJ7KӃOjFKjQJGXVƭÿmEӓiRÿLWKHR³FiLÿҽS´
FӫDWLPPuQK7KӡLJLDQWKҩPWKRiWWU{LTXDFKjQJFyPӝWQJѭӡL
FRQ&iLăQFiLPһFYjFiLVӵWKұWÿӡLVӕQJQJKLӋWQJmNKәÿDX
NKLӃQFKjQJQKӟÿӡLVӕQJҭQVƭ[ѭDQKӟGDGLӃWQKӟQJѭӡLEҥQ
OjEұF&KLӃQ7KҳQJ%ҩW'LӋWWKXӣQjRFKjQJTX\ӃWWkPÿLWuP
³EҥQPuQK´
144
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
+{P NLD JӱL Yӧ Yj FRQ FKR {QJ QJRҥL FKjQJ ÿL YӅ SKtD
%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D /D 1ҥL UӗL OҫQ 7KHR GҩX FKkQ 3KұW WuP ÿӃQ
-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i 9ӯDÿӃQFәQJFKjQJÿmKpW
RDQJRDQJ³%ұF&KLӃQ7KҳQJ%ҩW'LӋWEҥQFӫDWDJLӡӣÿkX"´
7KӃUӗLӣÿk\FKjQJÿѭӧF[XҩWJLDWURQJJLiRSKiSFӫDĈӭF3KұW
FKjQJ FKӭQJ TXҧ %ҩW /DL NKL PӋQK FKXQJ VLQK YjR F}L$YƯKD
WKDQK WӏQK 9{ SKLӅQ WKLrQ FKӭQJ TXҧ$ODKiQ ӣ ÿҩ\ Yұ\ Oj
PӑLSKұQVӵFKjQJÿmOjP[RQJ.K{QJOkXVDXQjQJ&ƗSƗJӱL
FRQFKR{QJQJRҥLWuPÿӃQ[XҩWJLDYӟL1LWUѭӣQJ*RWDPLFNJQJ
FKӭQJTXҧ$ODKiQOX{QWURQJNLӃSVӕQJҩ\
ÐL+LKӳXWKD\OjQKkQGX\rQÐL+LKӳXWKD\OjQJKLӋS
OӵFÐL+LKӳXWKD\OjJLiR3KiSÿѭӧFNKpRWKX\ӃWEӣLÿҩQJ
7KLӋQ 7KӋ 9u QJKLӋS OӵF GүQ OӕL ÿҥR Vƭ Yj QjQJ &ƗSƗ \rX
WKѭѫQJ QKDX WUӣ WKjQK Yӧ FKӗQJ UӗL FNJQJ Yu QJKLӋS OӵF Pj
FKLDO\9uQKkQGX\rQJһSJӥPj8SDNDWuPÿӃQ[XҩWJLDWURQJ
JLiRSKiSFӫDĈӭF3KұW.ǤGLӋXWKD\JLiRSKiSÿmFKӳDOjQK
PӑLWәQWKѭѫQJYjWӏQKKyDWkPKӗQFRQQJѭӡLÿDQJOҫPOҥF
&KjQJÿҥRVƭOҥLJһSQjQJ&ƗSƗWURQJJLiRSKiSQj\KDLQJѭӡL
QӣQөWLӃXVDQKWkPFKҳSWD\FKjRQKDXYjWѭӣQJQKӟÿӃQkQ
ĈӭF3KұW
7UӡLWKҩSWqPPӏWNK{QJPӝWWҽRPk\0һWWUӡLWKҧ[XӕQJ
WKӃJLDQWKӭiQKViQJPӡÿөFYjQJXӝLQJҳW%rQÿӗLÿiFKѫYѫ
W{LQJӗLQJKHJLyQ~LNӇYӅQѫLQj\Q~L9DQNDKDUDQѫLĈӭF3KұW
ÿmWӯQJJKpÿӃQ7{LUQJPuQKFKҳSWD\QKuQOrQWKLQKNK{QJ
QJKƭYӅQKkQGX\rQGLӋXNǤ'ѭӟLiQKPһWWUӡLEyQJW{LQKѭKzD
WDQYjRÿҩW
145
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
146
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
147
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
148
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
149
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
150
Kỳ XI&IƍOHōƑPTƬNƛUōFO
151
.Ǥ;,,
Linh thiêng
Sông Hằng
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³.KLYҫQJGѭѫQJ[XҩWKLӋQWKuEyQJWӕLELӃQPҩWWӵDQKѭ
JLiRSKiSFӫDFKѭ3KұWYұ\&yWUtWXӋWKuY{PLQKELӃQPҩW´
Kỳ XIIğOIijJƤOHTƴOH+ƚOH
L
ҥLQKѭQKӳQJFiQKFKLPWUӡLVҧLFiQKWXQJED\K{PQD\
FK~QJW{LÿӃQ%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL WrQWKjQKSKӕKRDOӋ
WKӡLĈӭF3KұWYjÿLGӑFFRQV{QJ+ҵQJOLQKWKLrQJO~FWUӡL
KӯQJViQJ%uQKPLQKWUrQV{QJ+ҵQJÿҫ\QKӳQJWKDQKkPYj
PjXVҳFWKұWҩQWѭӧQJ
1JӗLWUrQPӝWFKӛFDREҥQFyWKӇQKuQWKҩ\QKӳQJFK~Ep
Jҫ\QKRPÿHQÿLXWD\[iFKJLӓÿӵQJWUjVӳDWD\[iFKJLӓO\JLҩ\
ÿLOXLÿLWӟLPӡLNKiFK7LӃQJUDRFӫDFK~ODQKOҧQK³JUDPFKDL
DL JUDP FKDL´ 7KӡL WLӃW OҥQK UXQ PL WKDQ FӝQJ PL WUj PӟL
WX\ӋWOjPVDRJLiPӛLO\WUjUҩW³KҥWGҿ´FKӍPӝWQJjQUѭӣLÿӗQJ
FKRPӝWO\ UXSHHWLӅQҨQ 7KұWQrQWKѭӣQJWKӭFYjLO\WUjQѫL
ÿk\{PO\WUjWURQJOzQJEjQWD\KѫLҩPSKҫQQjR[XDWDQÿLOjQ
VѭѫQJJLi;DKѫQFK~WOӕLÿLGӑFEӡV{QJWK{LWKuWk\WDiRYi\
OөDOj[DQKÿӓWtPYjQJWӟLOXLKRDFҧPҳWWLӃQJ$QKҨQ7jX
1KұW+jQ7KiL9LӋWWUӝQOүQYjRQKDXtӟL7KLWKRҧQJVӁWKҩ\
FiFWKҫ\%jODP{QăQEұQUҩWÿҽSWD\FҫPSKiSNKtUҩWFKӏXNKy
WҥRGiQJFKRNKiFKFKөSҧQKYjFKөSFQJNKiFK1KѭQJÿLӅX
ÿyNK{QJEҩWQJӡEҩWQJӡOjVDXNKLFKөSҧQK[RQJNKiFKSKҧL
WUҧ WLӅQ FKR QJѭӡL PүX ҧQK Kӑ VӕQJ EҵQJ FiFK OjP PүX FKR
NKiFKFKөSYj[LQWLӅQNKiFKNKLÿmFKөS[RQJDLQӥWӯFKӕLWUҧ
WLӅQFѫFKӭ
154
3KtDWUrQQKӳQJEөFFDRWӯQJWӕSPҩ\FKөFQJѭӡLYұQÿӗ
WUҳQJWұS<RJDWU{QJQKҽQKjQJGҿRGDLNKӓHNKRҳQOҳP+ӑYӯD
WұSYӯDPӣQKҥFQJKHUҩWQKҽQKjQJFyÿRҥQÿӝQJWiFQKDQKQrQ
QKҥFKzDÿLӋXFNJQJV{LÿӝQJWѭѫQJӭQJ7ӟLViWPpSQѭӟFWӯQJ
ÿRjQQJѭӡLÿDQJOXLFXLWKҧWU{LQKӳQJQJӑQKRDÿăQJFyUҧLKRD
ErQWURQJ[XӕQJGzQJV{QJÿӇFҫXQJX\ӋQkPWKDQKFҫXQJX\ӋQ
FӫDKӑTX\ӋQYӟLOjQKѫLQѭӟFEӕFOrQWUӡLFDRQKӳQJQJӑQKRD
ÿăQJWU{LGҫQ[DQKҩSQK{WKHRVyQJ
7URQJQѭӟFV{QJOҥQKFăPQKӳQJQJѭӡLÿjQ{QJÿjQEjYj
FҧWUҿQKӓÿDQJWUҫPPuQKÿӇFҫXQJX\ӋQYjUӱDWӝL+ӑWLQQѭӟF
V{QJ+ҵQJOLQKWKLrQJVӁJӝWVҥFKWӝLOӛLGRWKkQQj\ÿmWҥRQrQ
KӑÿӭQJWURQJQѭӟFFjQJOkXFjQJWӕW7ӯKӑSKiWUDkPWKDQK
FӫDWLӃQJVyQJQѭӟFYӛYjRWKkQOүQWLӃQJKjPUăQJÿDQJUXQOұS
FұS7UrQV{QJO{[{QKӳQJQJѭӡLFKqRWKX\ӅQQKDRQKDRPӡL
NKiFKQJҳPEuQKPLQK1ӃXNKiFKÿmOrQWKX\ӅQKӑOLӅQQKDQK
QKDQKFKqRUD[DNҿRNKiFKÿәLêNKLWKX\ӅQUӡLEӃQFXӝFQJm
JLiEҳWÿҫXEӣLNK~FV{QJQj\FyQKLӅXNKiFKGXOӏFKQrQJLiUҩW
³TXӕFWӃ´+ӑVӁK{JLiFDREҥQOҥLWUҧJLiWKұWWKҩSKӑVӁFѭӡL
Yj[LQ7ăQJJLiFK~WÿӍQKWKӃOj[RQJ.KLJLiFҧÿm[RQJKӑVӁ
PӡLEҥQPXDQKӳQJKҥWEӓQJQJ{EӓQJQJ{ÿӇUҧL[XӕQJV{QJ
FKRFKLPăQFKӭNK{QJSKҧLFKREҥQQKp1KѭQJQӃXOӥQKyQYjL
PLӃQJăQFNJQJNK{QJVDRFҧ
;D KѫQ QӳD Oj QKӳQJ FKX\ӃQ WKX\ӅQ Kӑ Wӯ QѫL NKiF WӟL
NK~FV{QJQj\YӟLQKLӅXOêGRNKiFQKDXFyQJѭӡLWӟLÿӇGX
OӏFK Fy QJѭӡL ÿӃQ ÿӇ EX{Q EiQ Fy QJѭӡL ÿӃQ ÿӇ QKһW [ѭѫQJ
WKkQQKkQPuQKYӯDWKLrXFKLӅXTXDӣÿk\0ӑLWKӭKӛQWҥSOj
WKӃQKѭQJNKLPһWWUӡLYӯDUDNKӓLPjQÿrPYѭѫQOrQWUrQPһW
155
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
V{QJNK{QJJLDQFҧQKYұWQKѭQJӯQJOҥLPӑLiQKPҳWÿәGӗQYӅ
PӝWKѭӟQJ0һWWUӡLWUrQV{QJÿӓDXWRWUzQPӟLÿҽSOjPVDR
1KӳQJFKLӃFWKX\ӅQÿDQJWU{LNLDFKҩQYӥQKӳQJEyQJPһWWUӡL
WUrQVyQJQѭӟF1KӳQJFiQKFKLPED\QJDQJQKѭÿiPPk\YҳW
QJDQJPһWWUӡLPӝWÿѭӡQJQKӓ7KXYjRWҫPPҳWW{LPӝWTXҧ
FҫXOӱDÿLUDWӯEyQJWӕLNKRҧQKNKҳFQj\NK{QJFyQJ{QWӯÿӇ
GLӉQWҧQyGLӉPWX\ӋWYjGX\QKҩW7{LWKtFK[HPPһWWUӡLPӑF
NKL YҫQJ GѭѫQJ [XҩW KLӋQ WKu EyQJ WӕL ELӃQ PҩW WӵD QKѭ JLiR
SKiSFӫDFKѭ3KұWYұ\&yWUtWXӋWKuY{PLQKELӃQPҩW&KӍÿѫQ
JLҧQYұ\WK{L.KLNK{QJFyWUtWXӋWKuY{PLQKQJӵWUӏĈLӅXNǤ
GLӋXOj³iQKViQJNK{QJGLӋWEyQJWӕL´PjNKL³iQKViQJFyPһW
WKuEyQJWӕLWӵWDQ´&NJQJYұ\WUtWXӋNK{QJGLӋWY{PLQKQKѭQJ
NKLFyWUtWXӋWKuY{PLQKNK{QJFzQ%ҥQFyWKҩ\QyÿѫQJLҧQ
YjWX\ӋWYӡLNK{QJ"
.KLPһWWUӡLOrQFDRFiLQKӝQQKӏSOҥLWLӃSWөFPһWWUӡLVRL
ViQJQKӳQJWzDOkXÿjLQJX\QJDOӝQJOү\FҥQKEӡV{QJWKӍQK
WKRҧQJFyQKӳQJEDROѫQPӅPPҥL[LQKÿҽSFKuDUDSKtDEӡV{QJ
ÿӇFKӫQKkQQJҳPPһWWUӡLPӑFWKұWGX\rQGiQJ&yQKӳQJOkX
ÿjLÿiFә[{QJKLrQJKҷQ[XӕQJOzQJV{QJQKuQUҩWQJKӋWKXұW
QKѭQJFKӍÿӇQJҳPWK{LFKӭNK{QJӣÿѭӧFӢÿk\FzQFyQKӳQJ
OkXÿjLÿһFELӋWQJj\QD\JӑLOjNKiFKVҥQ³NKiFKVҥQ´SKөFYө
QKӳQJYӏNKiFKÿһFELӋWQKLӅXWLӅQQKѭQJÿDQJFKӡÿӃQO~FWӱ
WKҫQPDQJÿL
1KӳQJ QJѭӡL WKXӝF ҨQ Ĉӝ JLiR G ӣ [D FiFK Pҩ\ Kӑ
FNJQJSKҧLPӝWOҫQWURQJÿӡLÿӃQWҳPWUrQGzQJV{QJ+ҵQJÿӇ
JӝWUӱDWӝLOӛLQKӳQJQJѭӡLFyWLӅQFzQPRQJѭӟFWUѭӟFO~F
OkPFKXQJÿѭӧFWҳPQѭӟFV{QJVDXNKLFKӃWWKuKӓDWiQJYj
156
Kỳ XIIğOIijJƤOHTƴOH+ƚOH
WURFӕWOҥLÿѭӧFWKҧYӅV{QJĂQWKHRFiFNKiFKVҥQOjGӏFKYө
F~QJOӉYjKӓDWiQJWKѭӡQJFKLӅXKӑVӁWKLrXQJѭӡLÿmPҩWÿӃQ
ViQJK{PVDXOӱDWjQ[ѭѫQJWUҳQJOӝUDKӑVӁ[~FFҧWUROүQ
[ѭѫQJFKR[XӕQJV{QJQKѭêQJX\ӋQFӫDQJѭӡLÿmPҩW.KL
W{LÿLQJDQJTXDÿk\QKӳQJOzWKLrXOӝWKLrQYүQFzQQJKLQJ~W
NKyLYjLQѫLWKkQQKkQYjQJѭӡLORGӏFKYөKӓDWiQJÿDQJÿә
WUR[ѭѫQJYjWURFӫL[XӕQJV{QJ%rQQj\QJѭӡLÿәNӋQJѭӡL
ÿәErQNLDPӑLQJѭӡLWҳPYүQYXLYҿWҳP1JѭӡLҨQĈӝWӵ
KjRUҵQJKѫQQăPTXDErQEӡV{QJ+ҵQJQJӑQOӱDWKLrX
QJѭӡLFKѭDEDRJLӡWҳW
Ӣÿk\NK{QJFyNKiLQLӋPGѫEҭQVӧPDKD\VӧQKuQWKҩ\
[ѭѫQJQJѭӡLFKӃW7{LÿӏQKEөQJÿӃQFKLӅX[XӕQJV{QJWҳPYu
JLӡQj\QѭӟFYүQFzQOҥQKOҳP;XӕQJWҳPNK{QJSKҧLÿӇUӱDÿL
QKӳQJOӛLOҫPPҩ\K{PUӗLW{LFKѭDÿѭӧFWҳP1KuQWKҩ\QѭӟF
PjWKqP7{LÿLGӑFEӡV{QJPӝWÿRҥQUӗLUӁYjRÿѭӡQJSKӕÿӇ
ÿӃQNKX0LJDGƗ\D 9ѭӡQ1DL 1KӳQJEұFWKӅPWӯEӡV{QJÿLOrQ
FNJQJOjÿiFәFRQÿѭӡQJÿѭӧFOiWWӯQKӳQJSKLӃQÿiWRSKҷQJ
QKӳQJNKҩFQӕLăQNKӟSYjRQKDXUҩWFKҳFFKҳQYjWKҭPPӻ
1KӳQJ EjQ FKkQ NK{QJ QJӯQJ TXD OҥL YӟL WKDQK kP KӛQ
ORҥQFKӧWPӑLKjQKÿӝQJQKѭFKұPOҥLQKӳQJKX\rQQiRNLD
FNJQJJLҧPÿLQKLӅXEӣLVӵ[XҩWKLӋQFӫDÿRjQFK~QJW{L&K~QJ
W{LFKұPUmLWKҷQJKjQJÿLYӅSKtDWUѭӟFWKXK~WPӑLiQKQKuQKӑ
FNJQJFKұPOҥLÿӇQKuQÿRjQQJѭӡLNǤOҥăQPһFJLӕQJQKDXLP
OһQJGLFKX\ӇQFNJQJJLӕQJQKDX1ӃXWUrQÿѭӡQJÿӡLWҩSQұSOӥ
JһSPӝWÿRjQQJѭӡLQKѭFK~QJW{LEҥQFyQJRiLOҥLQKuQNK{QJ"
&KҳFOjFyUӗL
157
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ XIIğOIijJƤOHTƴOH+ƚOH
ĈmÿӃQO~FFK~QJW{LYӅQѫLWU~QJөÿӇÿLEiWÿӝWKӵF.Ӈ
WӯQJj\FyKDLFK~FKyÿLWKHRÿRjQYXLKѫQKҷQO~FQjRKDL
FK~FNJQJORQWRQFKҥ\WUѭӟFPӣÿѭӡQJ9jRFiFNKXSKӕQKѭ
WKӃQj\FiFFK~JһSFKyJLDQJKӗFҧWRiQQKѭQJ6ӕYj$ORND
YүQWӓUDNK{QJVӧO~FQjRKDLFK~FNJQJKӧSWiFEҧRYӋQKDX
NKLJһS³TXkQVӕJLDQJKӗ´ÿ{QJTXiFiFFK~FKӍFҫQÿLFKұP
OҥLOjDQWkPDQWRjQYuVDXOѭQJFiFFK~PӝWÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJ
³KӝPӋQK´FѫPj&yKDLFK~ÿLFQJONJFKyErQÿѭӡQJÿӗQJ
WKDQKKzDFDVӫDQKһQJ[ӏOjPFKRKjQKWUuQKFjQJWKrPkP
WKDQKYjPjXVҳFӢÿk\ÿRjQVӁQJKӍOҥLKDLK{PÿӇYjROӉ
EiL7KiQK WtFK Yj WKăP YLӃQJ9LӋQ EҧR WjQJ ĈrP FK~QJ W{L
[LQQJӫOҥLӣNKX{QYLrQQJ{LFKD7UXQJ4XӕFFKLӅXW{LVӁ
WUӣOҥLQѫLQj\
1}\Pķa†\U7Ė\U
158
159
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
160
Kỳ XIIğOIijJƤOHTƴOH+ƚOH
161
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
162
Kỳ XIIğOIijJƤOHTƴOH+ƚOH
163
.Ǥ;,,,
Thiện sự đầu năm
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³1JjL QJӗL ÿy EҩW WRjQ PNJL Yj FiF QJyQ WD\ 1JjL Eӏ Yӥ QKѭQJKRjQKҧRKRjQKҧRWURQJGXQJPҥRWӯELYjWUtWXӋ
VLrXYLӋW1JjLQJӗLÿyDQQKLrQPjWRjQWKӇQKkQORҥLF~LÿҫX
NtQKQJѭӥQJ1JjLQJӗLÿyNK{QJPӍPFѭӡLQKѭQJDLQKuQ
FNJQJFҧPWKҩ\KӹKRDQ´
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
WKӵFWKӵFÿѫQK{PQD\FyWKrPPӭWEtÿDRPӭWYӓWKDQKWUj
Pҩ\ FKұX KRD WKѭӧF GѭӧF7{L PXӕQ GkQJ KѭѫQJ Yӏ7ӃW9LӋW
1DPOrQFKѭ7ăQJ
7URQJOӟSVѭѫQJPQKӳQJFӝLFk\WRWKұWÿҽSQyPDPӏ
Ō
ҭQPұWKX\ӅQKRһFUҩWNKyWҧ+LӋQGҫQUDWURQJOӟSVѭѫQJPOj
%ҧRWKiS'KDPPHNDÿDQJÿѭӧFWUQJWX%ҧRWKiSQj\ÿѭӧF[k\
rPQD\W{LNK{QJQJӫQѫLTXrQKjÿDQJFKXҭQEӏÿyQ
GӵQJOҫQÿҫXGѭӟLWULӅXÿҥL*XSWDÿӇWKӡ;iOӧL3KұWQyÿѭӧF
JLDR WKӯD QăP PӟL ÿDQJ VDQJ 1JRjL WUӡL VѭѫQJ P
[k\WKHRFҩXWU~FKuQKNKӕLWUөErQQJRjLOjÿiErQWURQJOjJҥFK
Gj\ÿһFVDRPjJLӕQJWLӃWWUӡL7ӃW9LӋW1DPTXiQKLӋW
QXQJ[k\ÿһFQrQEӅQYӳQJYӟLWKӡLJLDQ7X\FiFKRDYăQYj
ÿӝ Kҥ FzQ WҫP R& W{L WKӭF ÿӇ FKXҭQ Eӏ YұW WKӵF K{P VDX
KӑDWLӃWÿmEӏWKLrQQKLrQFRQQJѭӡLWjQSKiÿLQKLӅXQKѭQJYүQ
F~QJ GѭӡQJ FKѭ7ăQJ QJj\ ÿҫX QăP /jP WKLӋQ Vӵ ÿҫX QăP
QKұQUDÿѭӧFQpWVҳFVҧRYjÿҽSÿӁ.K{QJ[DQѫLQj\QӅQPyQJ
WKuFzQPRQJJuKѫQQӳDUӗLF{QJYLӋFFNJQJ[RQJNKLÿӗQJKӗ
WӏQKWKҩW0XODJDQGKD.XWLÿѭӧFYXD$VRND $'өF GӵQJOrQÿӇ
ÿLӇPK+{PQD\FKѭ7ăQJÿҳS\PDQJEiWYjRNKX{QYLrQ
WѭӣQJQKӟQѫL3KұWQKұSKҥÿҫXWLrQ1Jj\QD\WӏQKWKҩWFKӍFzQ
0LJDGƗ\D 9ѭӡQ1DL WөQJNLQK&KX\ӇQ3KiS/XkQYjOӉEiL
QJәQQJDQJPӝWÿӕQJÿiYӥYjPӝWtWWѭӡQJJҥFKÿѭӧFFKtQKSKӫ
7KiQKWtFKӣÿk\
ҨQĈӝ[k\OrQVDXQj\%rQFҥQKÿyWUөÿiYXD$VRND $'өF
7URQJ VѭѫQJ P EXәL ViQJ GѭӟL iQK ÿqQ SLQ OH OyL WҫP
QKuQ[DÿӝPWLӃQJNLQK3ƗশLQKѭKҧLWULӅXkPYDQJYDQJODQ
[DWURQJJLyÿҭ\FiLOҥQKÿL[D«7{LUQJPuQKQKѭQJKHOӡL
3KұWWӯ[ѭDYӑQJYӅWUҫPKQJPjU~QJÿӝQJFKѭDEDRJLӡW{L
QJKHNLQKYDQJYӑQJWKҩ\KD\QKѭK{PQD\6DXWKӡLNLQKGjL
PӑL QJѭӡL QJӗL WKLӅQ ÿӃQ O~F EuQK PLQK UҥQJ W{L [LQ ÿһW EiW
EXәLViQJÿӃQFKѭ7ăQJPӛLYӏPӝWTXҧFDPPӝWPLӃQJFӕP
ÿiQKGҩXQѫLĈӭF3KұW&KX\ӇQ3KiS/XkQ7UөÿiQJX\rQPүX
FDRPWUrQÿӍQKOjEӕQFRQVѭWӱTXD\YӅEӕQKѭӟQJ*Lӡ
ÿk\ÿӍQKWUөÿiFyKѭKҥLÿ{LFK~WQKѭQJFK~QJWDYүQFzQWKҩ\
ÿѭӧFWUuQKÿӝÿLrXNKҳFÿiFӫDĈӃFKӃ0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF ÿҥW
ÿӃQÿӍQKFDRQKѭWKӃQjRĈӍQKWUөÿiQj\ÿDQJÿѭӧFWUѭQJEj\
WURQJEҧRWjQJÿӏDSKѭѫQJSKtDWUѭӟF0LJDGƗ\D 9ѭӡQ1DL Yj
ÿmWUӣWKjQKTXӕFKX\FӫDҨQĈӝ
JҥRYjtWPӭWJӯQJÿѭӧFPDQJWӯ9LӋW1DPVDQJ7LӃWWUӡLWKӃ
1ѫLÿk\3KұWWKX\ӃWEjLSKiSÿҫXWLrQQѫL1JjLWKjQKOұS
Qj\YjLOiWPӭWJӯQJOjPҩPQJѭӡLQJD\;tXQӳDNKLYӅÿӃQ
*LiRKӝL7ăQJJLjYӟLVӵ[XҩWJLDFӫDQăPDQKHP.LӅX7UҫQ
NKX{QYLrQFKD7UXQJ4XӕFW{LPӟLÿһWÿӗăQGkQJFiFYӏWKӑ
1KѭQѫL7ăQJEҧR[XҩWKLӋQEDQJ{L7DP%ҧRFyPһWÿHPOҥL
166
167
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
Y{OѭӧQJSK~FOjQKFKRWKӃJLDQPmLFKRWӟLK{PQD\YjFNJQJOj
QѫL1JjLQKұSKҥWKӭQKҩW
UXSHHEҵQJ9LӋW1DPÿӗQJQKѭQJPҩ\QăPҧQKKѭӣQJ
1ѫLQj\OX{QÿѭӧFFiFWULӅXÿҥLÿLVDXÿӇWkPKӝÿӝFKѭ7ăQJ
FNJQJӣÿk\ÿ{QJÿ~FVXӕWKѫQQăP9jRWKӃNӹWKӭ;,,YӟL
Vӵ[XҩWKLӋQFӫDÿҥRTXkQ+ӗLJLiRÿmWjQSKiKҫXKӃWFiFJLiR
SKiLYjF{QJWUuQKW{QJLiRNKiFWUrQWRjQÿҩWҨQ7KiQKWtFK
Qj\FNJQJEӏ[kPFKLӃPYjSKiKRҥL7UөÿiYXD$VRND $'өF
GӵQJEӏJm\OjPEDÿӍQKWUөÿiUѫL[XӕQJFKuPVkXYjROzQJÿҩW
WӏQKWKҩW0XODJDQGKD.XWLQiWYөQEҧRWKiS'KDPPHNDFNJQJ
Eӏ WjQ SKi WҩW Fҧ WKҩW OLrX Yj FKѭ7ăQJ FQJ ELӃQ PҩW 1Jj\
QD\QӅQPyQJFӫDFӕFOLrXFzQQKLӅXQKѭQJFKѭ7ăQJӣÿk\WKu
NK{QJFzQQӳD7URQJFiLOҥQKFӫDVѭѫQJJLiÿӭQJQKuQVӵWKұW
WKrOѭѫQJWUѭӟFPҳWW{LOҥQKEXӕWWURQJWLPĈLJLӳDPVѭѫQJ
QKuQQѫLQj\QѫLQӑOzQJQһQJWUƭXELӃWFiLJuUӗLFNJQJY{WKѭӡQJ
ÿәLNKiFQKѭQJOjPӝWFRQQJѭӡLWKѭӡQJSKjPFyQKLӅXWKӭW{L
PRQJQyWKѭӡQJWӗQNK{QJSKҧLDLÿӭQJWUѭӟFVӵWKұWFNJQJGӉ
GjQJFKҩSQKұQ
FKөSPmYpWUrQÿLӋQWKRҥLEҥQYj\rXFҫXJӱLOҥLÿLӋQWKRҥLW~L
3KtDVDXQѫLQj\QJѭӡLWDQX{LPӝWEҫ\QDLÿӇFKRFyYҿ
KӧSYӟLFiLWrQ9ѭӡQ1DLWKӡLĈӭF3KұW&ҧEҫ\EӏQX{LQKӕW
WURQJFiFEӭFWѭӡQJErW{QJYjOѭӟLVҳWQKuQÿӃQWӝL1ӃXOj
W{LW{LVӁWKҧFK~QJÿѭӧFVӕQJWӵGR6ӵWѭӣQJQKӟQj\WKұW
WUӟWUrXYjQJKӏFKOê7ѭӣQJQKӟPӝWÿӏDGDQKÿһFELӋWPӝW
VӵNLӋQWUӑQJÿҥLPjOҥLOҩ\ÿLVӵWӵGRFӫDEҫ\1DL&zQÿkX
Oj\rXWKѭѫQJ"
5ӡLFKkQNKӓLQѫLQj\W{LJKpWKăPEҧRWjQJÿӏDSKѭѫQJ
SKtDWUѭӟF0LJDGƗ\D 9ѭӡQ1DL YpYjRFӱDQJj\QD\FKӍ
168
ÿҥL GӏFK Kӑ EiQ Yp RQOLQH 1JѭӡL VRiW Yp NLӇP WUD KuQK ҧQK
[iFKPi\ҧQKQj\QӑWKӫWөFFNJQJQKDQKWK{LNK{QJSKLӅQ
SKӭFJuFҧ
Ĉk\OjOҫQWKӭWѭW{LWUӣOҥLQѫLQj\7{LWKXӝFQҵPOzQJ
WҩWFҧQKӳQJKLӋQYұWÿѭӧFNKDLTXұWÿһWWURQJEҧRWjQJÿҽS
YjTXê4XêQKҩWOjÿҫXWUөÿiEӕQFRQVѭWӱ ELӇXWѭӧQJTXӕF
KX\ҨQĈӝQJj\QD\ &K~QJÿѭӧFÿһWQJD\YӏWUtWUXQJWkP
OӕLFӱDYjR1yLWKұWFKѭDFyWiFSKҭPP{SKӓQJQjRYӅÿӍQK
WUөÿiQj\FyWKӇÿҽSKѫQQJX\rQEҧQGQyVӭWPҿYjEӏWKӡL
JLDQ WjQ SKi KѫQ KDL PѭѫL ED WKӃ Nӹ ĈӭQJ WUѭӟF WUө ÿi W{L
FҧP QKұQ ÿѭӧF Vӵ X\ QJKLrP ÿҫ\ VӭF PҥQK FӫD FRQ Vѭ Wӱ
O{QJQyÿҽSPѭӟWPӝWFiFKNǤOҥFKkQYjFiFPyQJFKkQVDR
FyWKӇWX\ӋWPӻÿӃQWKӃQѫLFҷQJFKkQVѭWӱPӝWÿѭӡQJJkQ
QәLOrQWKӇKLӋQQpWWLQKWӃÿҫ\VӭFPҥQKĈk\OjÿӍQKFDRFӫD
QJKӋWKXұWÿLrXNKҳFQJѭӡLWKӧÿmÿӇKӃWWkPKX\ӃWYjWKӡL
JLDQQKҵPWҥROrQPӝWWiFSKҭPQKѭYұ\NKLWiFSKҭPKuQK
WKjQKÿѭӧFWKӡLJLDQW{LOX\ӋQQӳDĈӭQJWUѭӟFQyW{LWKұWVӵ
FKӍ ELӃW FKҩS WD\ LP OһQJ F~L ÿҫX WKiQ SKөF NK{QJ Fy WKrP
QJ{QWӯÿӇGLӉQWҧ
'ӡLFKkQÿLYjRVkXSKtDErQWUiLÿLWӟLWұQFXӕLÿѭӡQJVӁ
EҳWJһSWKӭW{LPXӕQWuPNLӃPӣYLӋQEҧRWjQJQj\EӭFWѭӧQJ
ĈӭF3KұW&KX\ӇQ3KiS/XkQÿѭӧFWҥFEҵQJÿiVDWKҥFKWӯWKӃ
NӹWKӭ99,1JjLQJӗLÿyX\QJKLrPY{QJ{QQKѭQJYҥQQJ{Q
169
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
FNJQJNK{QJWKӇQyLKӃWYӅ1JjL1JjLQJӗLÿyVӕQJÿӝQJQKѭ
PXӕQEѭӟFUDNKӓLÿiÿӇFKӍFKRQKkQORҥLFRQÿѭӡQJPj1JjL
ÿmÿL1JjLQJӗLÿyEҩWWRjQ PNJLYjFiFQJyQWD\1JjLEӏYӥ QKѭQJKRjQKҧRKRjQKҧRWURQJGXQJPҥRWӯELYjWUtWXӋVLrX
YLӋW1JjLQJӗLÿyDQQKLrQPjWRjQWKӇQKkQORҥLF~LÿҫXNtQK
QJѭӥQJ1JjLQJӗLÿyNK{QJPӍPFѭӡLQKѭQJDLQKuQFNJQJFҧP
WKҩ\KӹKRDQÐLÿӭQJWUѭӟF1JjLVDRW{LWKҩ\QJKqRQJ{QWӯÿӃQ
WKӃFKѭDEDRJLӡW{LWKҩ\QJ{QWӯEҩWOӵFQKѭEk\JLӡFiFEҥQ
SKҧLÿӃQÿk\WK{LKm\ÿӃQÿӇWKҩ\QJӳQJ{QFNJQJEҩWOӵFWUѭӟF
1JjL 3KҧL ÿӃQ ÿk\ PӟL FҧP QKұQ ÿѭӧF FҧP QKұQ EҵQJ FRQ
PҳWYjFҧWUiLWLPWҩWFҧKuQKҧQKӣWUrQPҥQJYӅSKRWѭӧQJQj\
NK{QJGLӉQWҧÿѭӧFPӝWSKҫQQJKuQFiLWKӵFFӫDSKRWѭӧQJQy
FKӍPѭӡQJWѭӧQJWK{L7{LLPOһQJÿӭQJQJҳP1JjLWKұWOkXUӗL
UӡLFKkQÿLQѫLQj\QѫLQӑWURQJEҧRWjQJӢÿk\ÿDVӕWiFSKҭP
WUѭQJEj\ÿѭӧFWҥFEҵQJÿiQKӳQJWiFSKҭPÿmWӗQWҥLTXDVӵ
³EҥRWjQFӫDOӏFKVӱ´FK~QJÿҽSEҩWFKҩSFҧWKӡLJLDQ1KӳQJ
SKRWѭӧQJÿӭQJJL~SWDWKҩ\QJKӋQKkQÿLrXNKҳFWD\1JjLUҩW
GjLQJyQWD\GjLQJDQJJӕLQKѭOӡLNLQKP{WҧQKѭQJQKuQWKұW
FkQÿӕLYjÿҽSFKkQWKӵF
³&K~F;XkQ
;XkQQj\W{LͧSK˱˯QJ[D
+͕FK̩QKÿ̯XÿjKjQKF˱ͣFGXSK˱˯QJ
&K~FFK˱6˱Ĉ̩RFiWW˱ͥQJ
&K~FWKL͏QWtQÿͥLV̷FK˱˯QJPͿWRjQ
&K~FWKkQKͷXFK~FE̩QYjQJ
*LDP{Qÿ̯P̭PFDRVDQJSK˱ͣFP̯X
9tQK˱0k\7U̷QJWUrQÿ̯X
7KRQJGRQJW͹W̩LTXDF̯XQKkQVLQK´
5ӗLÿӃQO~FSKҧLWUӣYӅÿӇÿһWEiWFKRFKѭ7ăQJK{PQD\
QJj\ÿҫXQăPPӟLSKѭӟFVӵQj\W{LQJX\ӋQKӗLKѭӟQJÿӃQFKD
PҽWKҫ\WәFKѭYӏWKtFKӫkQQKkQÿmSKiWWkPKӹF~QJFKRKjQK
WUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWQj\
1KkQ GӏS QJj\ ÿҫX QăP [LQ Fy YjL YҫQ WKѫ PӝF PҥF JӱL
WһQJÿӃQWҩWFҧPӑLQJѭӡLWKD\FKROӡLFK~FYjOӡLFҧPѫQ
170
171
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
1ğ]bVt^3VO[[SYOĠO\UĠļĶQb`Š\Ubc
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
C`ĺĠtdcO0a]YO03ĺQRľ\UbĞW<WUOROgOEļķ\=OW
172
173
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
7ļĴ\UbVębfļOQĻOĠĽQCVġC†\
UWķQVīQ \Zu\VŁ\UĠĭ\UĠt\Uİ\\UO\U6O\RVOYcbW
174
175
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ XIIIIJƩOTNJōƔVOƙN
1ğ]bVt^3VO[[SYOfļO 7€\Vğ\VYVOW_cĚbdļķ\;ĮQDgĤ\fļO!
ऺ2@̥9஽ऺIn the foot- steps of the Buddha (Eight Buddhist Shrines In India) 7KHRG̝XFK¤Q3K̥W7£P7K£QKW¯FK3K̥WJL£RW̙L̜QÒ͑ऺ஫#=,92ऺழழஶ஬றऺ#†.ऺ24˵ऺ
"3,9?4ऺ"B,=::;ऺ,@//3யऺ/̝.3ऺ24˵ऺ#ǣர63ȷ@ऺ´̻.ऺ4̓9யऺ'ऺ#™9ऺ4†:யऺவளள஻ற
஫ழ஬ऺ஫வ஬
176
177
.Ǥ;,9
KosamBi
vùng đất cổ xưa
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³/XұQWUDQKFKҷQJFytFKJu
7UDQKFѭӡQJKLӃXWKҳQJOҳPNKLSKLӅQKj
$LQJѭӡLVX\QJүPVkX[D
1yLQăQJWӵFKӃEҩWKzDOһQJ\rQ´
Kỳ xIv.PTBNCJ9ǀOHōƕUDƸYDžB
B
ӓOҥLVDXOѭQJKѫQNPFRQÿѭӡQJQJj\FjQJQKӓ
GҫQGkQFѭWKѭDWKӟWQKjOiFÿiFWӯQJFөP1KӳQJ
QJ{LQKjWѭӡQJEҵQJÿҩWFӫDQJѭӡLWKӧOjPJӕPWKӧ
JҥFKQKӳQJFăQQKjWѭӡQJWUHYiFKQӭDKD\ÿѫQVѫKѫQOj
Pҩ\ WҩP QL O{QJ SKӫ TXDQK WҥP Eӧ FӫD QJѭӡL WKӧ WKӫ F{QJ
ÿDQOiWQKӳQJQJ{LQKjJҥFKYHQÿѭӡQJFӫDQJѭӡLEX{QNҿ
EiQWU{QJFyYҿNKiJLҧKѫQFK~W'ӑFÿѭӡQJPLrQPDQQjR
Oj[RjLQKӳQJFk\[RjLWROӟQWUrQFҧWUăPQăPWXәLJLӡÿӇ
FKRPiWFKӭWUiLtWYjFDRWtWNKLQjRTXҧFKtQUөQJQJѭӡLWD
PӟLOѭӧPăQ
7ӯQJ ÿRҥQ WӯQJ ÿRҥQ ErQ ÿѭӡQJ FK~QJ W{L EҳW JһS YjL
QKyPÿjQ{QJFҫP[ҿQJFҫPFXӕFKӑÿӭQJÿyÿӇDLFyYLӋFFҫQ
WKuWKXr7Kҩ\FK~QJW{LÿLTXDKӑKӡKӳQJQKuQEҵQJÿ{LPҳW
EXӗQEXӗQ1KuQiQKPҳWҩ\PNJLW{LFD\QJKҽQEӣLQyQKѭiQK
QKuQFӫDFKD&KDW{LPӛLNKLÿLOjPWKѭӡQJFѭӡLFKjRWKұWWѭѫL
PDQJ WKHR EDR QLӅP K\ YӑQJ FӫD Fҧ QKj QKѭQJ O~F FKD TXD\
OѭQJÿLiQKPҳWNKLQjRFNJQJEXӗQÿѭӧPQKӳQJQӛLQLӅP[D
YҳQJ7{LPXӕQWӟL{PFKҫPOҩ\QKӳQJQJѭӡLÿjQ{QJQj\Kӑ
FNJQJQKѭFKDW{LOjK\YӑQJҩPQRFKRFҧJLDÿuQKӢÿk\QӅQ
Q{QJQJKLӋSFzQOҥFKұXQKѭ9LӋW1DPPuQKQăPQKӳQJ
180
FKLӃF[HFKӣFiWVҥQWRÿQJWKӃPjKӑ[~FOrQEҵQJWD\UӗLFjR
[XӕQJFNJQJEҵQJWD\NK{QJQKѭӣPuQK[HÿӃQ³EHQ´QKҽPӝW
FiLOj[RQJ/~DJһWYӅÿѭӧFÿұSEҵQJWD\FyQѫLKӑÿyQJPӝW
FiLFӑFFӝWFһSEzKRһFWUkXÿLTXDQKÿӇÿҥSO~D.KLPӟLJһW
YӅQKLӅXNKLKӑFKҩWO~DWKjQKÿӕQJQKѭÿӕQJUѫPӣPuQKYұ\
ăQÿӃQÿkXKӑÿұSÿӃQÿҩ\KӃWJҥRKӑOҥLUDÿұSWLӃS1KuQFҧQK
Qj\WKҩ\KӑOҥFKұXTXiÿLPҩWQKѭQJEOҥLFKLPFKyFWKDKӗ
FyFiLăQFҧÿjQVj[XӕQJQKһWWKyFKӑFNJQJFѭӡLWUӯNK{QJFҧ
EXӗQÿXәL*LӡFiQKÿӗQJFҧLÿѭѫQJWUәE{QJUXӝQJO~DPӟLFKӍ
OrQQӱDJDQJWD\JLӳDÿӗQJWKLWKRҧQJFҧÿjQQDLKѭѫXQKӣQ
QKѫÿӫQJÿӍQKQKDLKRDFҧLUӗLTXDJһPO~DKӑFNJQJFѭӡLPj
WK{L'kQQѫLQj\WX\QJKqRYұWFKҩWQKѭQJKӑKLӅQYjJLjXWuQK
WKѭѫQJWKLrQQKLrQÿӝQJYұW
5ӗLPӝWEXәLFKLӅXK{PFK~QJW{LÿӃQErQGzQJV{QJWURQJ
[DQK V{QJ <DPXQD [ӭ .RVDPEƯ &kX 7KkP Ĉm KѫQ QăPWrQFӫD[ӭQj\YүQOj.DXVDPELÿӑFWKuJLӕQJQKDXQKѭQJ
YLӃWWKuFyNKiFFK~W.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP [ѭDOjPӝWWURQJ
WKjQKWKӏWROӟQFyNLQKWӃSKiWWULӇQGӑFV{QJ<DPXQDQJj\QD\
QyQJKqRÿҩWOүQJҥFKQJyLQKѭPLQKFKӭQJYQJÿҩWQj\WӯQJ
PӝW WKXӣ JLjX VDQJ *Lӡ Qy NK{QJ QҵP WUrQ WUөF ÿѭӡQJ SKiW
WULӇQGXOӏFKQrQNKiFKJKpWKăPtWOҳPWKӍQKWKRҧQJYjLÿRjQ
OҥFEѭӟFTXDÿk\
1ăPQD\FK~QJW{LÿӃQVӟPKѫQKDLWKiQJQKӳQJKjQJ
Fk\JҥRFzQÿѭѫQJQө&NJQJQKѭ9LӋW1DPPuQK³%DRJLӡ
FKRÿӃQWKiQJEDKRDJҥRUөQJ[XӕQJEjJLjFҩWFKăQ´ FҩW
FKăQÿҳSYuÿmKӃWOҥQK 0ҩ\QăPWUѭӟFNKLQjRW{LÿӃQÿk\
181
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Fk\ JҥR FNJQJ WUөL Oi FKӍ Fy E{QJ Oj E{QJ 0ӑL QJѭӡL KD\
GһQQKDX³KRDJuUѫLYjRQJѭӡLFNJQJÿѭӧFWUӯKRDJҥR´KRD
JҥRӣÿk\WROҳPQyPjUѫLYjRÿҫXYjRPһWWKuFNJQJÿLӃQJ
QJѭӡLFKӭFKҧFKѫL/RҥLKRDQj\QJRjLWrQSKәWK{QJKRD
JҥRFzQFyWrQ³PӝFPLrQ´UҩWÿҽS0ҩ\QăPWUѭӟFFK~QJ
W{LÿӃQYQJQj\NKLKRDJҥRÿѭѫQJE{QJWKӡLWLӃWQyQJQăP
QD\ÿӃQVӟPWUӡLYүQFzQOҥQKVѭѫQJPYүQJLăQJNKҳSOӕL
NK{QJELӃWGROҥQKKD\GRVѭѫQJPjÿӑWәLEҫPWtPYjÿӓKӃW
Fҧ WUiL FNJQJ ӱQJ PjX FKӭ FKѭD FKtQ FKtQ Qy PjX YjQJ Yj
WKѫPSKӭFFѫ
9QJ Qj\ ÿҩW OүQ JҥFK ÿi NK{QJ WUӗQJ ÿѭӧF FҧL KD\ O~D
QJѭӡLGkQWUӗQJFk\ÿұXVăQJOjFKtQKӢÿk\NK{QJFyFKDFiF
QѭӟFQKLӅXFKӍFyPӝWQJ{LFKD0\DQPDU 0LӃQĈLӋQ YjPӝW
QJ{LFKD6ULOD৆NƗ 7tFK/DQ FK~QJW{LGӯQJFKkQ[LQWiW~Fӣ
NKX{QYLrQFKD6ULOD৆NƗ 7tFK/DQ 6iQJQJj\NKLFRQÿѭӡQJ
FzQPӡVѭѫQJFӓYHQÿѭӡQJѭӟWVNJQJÿүPVѭѫQJWUҳQJ[yD
FK~QJW{LPDQJ\EiWÿLWUuEuQKNKҩWWKӵFJLHRGX\rQӣYQJ
Qj\FiLFK~QJW{LQKұQÿѭӧFOjQKӳQJiQKQKuQYjQөFѭӡLWKkQ
WKLӋQ6DXNKLÿLPӝWYzQJWKuÿӃQWXYLӋQ*KRVLWƗUƗPDFK~QJ
W{LWөQJNLQK7DP%ҧRNLQK3DULWWD .LQKKӝWUu YjQJӗLWKLӅQ
ӣÿk\7XYLӋQQj\OjQѫLĈӭF3KұWFѭQJөWURQJKҥWKӭFKtQ
.KL1JjLӣÿk\FKѭ7ăQJYQJQj\[ҧ\UDVӵEҩWÿӗQJGүQÿӃQ
FKLD SKH UӁ QKyP NK{QJ QKyP QjR FKӏX QKѭӡQJ QKӏX QKyP
QjR 1JjL ÿm WұQ WuQK NKX\ӃQ JLiR Pj Kӑ FNJQJ NK{QJ QJKH
%LӃWFKѭDSKҧLWKӡL1JjLNK{QJQyLYӟLDLOһQJOӁUӡLFKkQÿL
ÿӃQNKXUӯQJ3DULOH\\DNDQKұSKҥWKӭPѭӡLӢÿk\1JjLÿѭӧF
182
Kỳ xIv.PTBNCJ9ǀOHōƕUDƸYDžB
FK~YRLYjFK~NKӍQKLӋWWkPKӝÿӝKDLFK~FNJQJÿmTXiFKiQ
QJiQEҫ\ÿjQQrQYjRÿk\ӣPӝWPuQKUӗLWUӣWKjQKWKtFKӫKӝ
ÿӝFKR1JjL1JjLUDÿLNK{QJEiRDLELӃWQJѭӡLQj\KӓLQJѭӡL
NLDKӓLPjFNJQJNK{QJDLKD\KӑQJKLYҩQÿӅWҥLFiFWǤNKѭX
EҩWKzDFKLDUӁQrQ1JjLPӟLÿL1JjLÿLSKѭӟFEiXÿѭӧFQJKH
SKiSÿѭӧFÿһWEiWWӟL1JjLNK{QJFzQ3KұWWӱSKұWêKӑEjQ
QKDXNK{QJGkQJF~QJWKӭFăQNK{QJKӝÿӝFKRWӟLO~FQjRFKѭ
7ăQJKzDKӧSYjFyVӵFKӭQJPLQKFӫDĈӭF3KұW7KӃOjKҥҩ\
FKѭ7ăQJӣ.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP WKLӃXWKӕQPӑLWKӭKӑ[DQK
[DRYӑWYjQJPӡFҧPҳWNKLҩ\KӑPӟLQKұQUDPuQKWKұWOjVDL
TXiVDLUӗLKӑWuPWӟLQKDXViPKӕLOүQQKDXPRQJFKӡKҥQj\
TXDÿӇÿLWuPĈӭF3KұWViPKӕL
5ӗL FNJQJ ÿӃQ O~F UD Kҥ FiF EұF WKҳQJ WUt QyL FKR Kӑ ELӃW
ĈӭF3KұWÿDQJӣUӯQJ3DULOH\\DNDKӑWҩWWҧWuPÿӃQErQFKkQ
1JjL[LQViPKӕLYj[LQWKӍQK1JjLYӅOҥL.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP FKӭQJPLQKFKRVӵKӕLOӛLFӫDKӑ1KuQQKӳQJQJѭӡLPӟLÿӃQ
Qj\EҵQJiQKPҳWOѭӡPOѭӡPOjFK~YRLYjFK~NKӍKDLFK~OLQK
WtQKQKӳQJQJѭӡLQj\VӁPDQJFRQQJѭӡLKLӅQWKLӋQÿLPҩWĈӭF
3KұWUҧLWkPWӯYӛYӅKDLFK~ĈӑFWURQJPӝWEҧQNLQKQjRÿy
W{LQKӟUҵQJNKLĈӭF3KұWUӡL3DULOH\\DNDNK{QJFzQQKuQWKҩ\
1JjL QӳD FK~ YRL ÿm UӕQJ WR WKѭѫQJ NtQK Yӥ WLP Yj FKӃW WӭF
NKҳFKyDVDQKOrQFҧQKJLӟLFKѭWKLrQ&K~NKӍPҧLPrQKuQWKHR
1JjLWD\OLrQWөFFKX\ӅQWӯFjQKQj\VDQJFjQKQӑNK{QJÿӇê
YӏQWD\YjRFjQKPөFWKӃOjWӯWUrQFDRUѫL[XӕQJFK~FKӃWWӭF
WKu7UѭӟFNKLPҩWWURQJWkPFK~KLӋQOrQKuQKҧQKFRQQJѭӡL
WKiQKWKLӋQFK~FNJQJKyDVDQKFҧQKJLӟLFKѭWKLrQQJD\OұSWӭF
183
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xIv.PTBNCJ9ǀOHōƕUDƸYDžB
ĈyOjSKѭӟFEiXOӟQODRFӫDKDLFRQYұW9ӅOҥL.RVDPEƯ &kX
7KkP ĈӭF3KұWÿmFKӭQJPLQKFKRVӵViPKӕLFӫDFKѭ7ăQJ
YQJQj\UӗLWKX\ӃWSKiSViFKWҩQKӑWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJWXWұSVDX
EXәLWKX\ӃWSKiS1JjLQyLOrQEjLNӋ
³3DUHFDQDYLMƗQDQWL
PD\DPHWWKD\DPƗPDVH
\HFDWDWWKDYLMƗQDQWL
WDWRVDPPDQWLPHGKDJƗ´
³/X̵QWUDQKFK̻QJFytFKJu
7UDQKF˱ͥQJKL͇XWK̷QJO̷PNKLSKL͉QKj
$LQJ˱ͥLVX\QJ̳PVkX[D
1yLQăQJW͹FK͇ḘWKzDO̿QJ\rQ´
Ĉҩ\OjFӕVӵQәLWLӃQJFӫDYQJ.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP PDL
W{LVӁNӇWLӃSYӅYQJQj\FKRTXêYӏKD\FzQQKLӅXFKX\ӋQWK~
YӏOҳP
184
CcdWĢ\6V]aWbƗ`Ɨ[O
185
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
186
Kỳ xIv.PTBNCJ9ǀOHōƕUDƸYDžB
187
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
188
Kỳ xIv.PTBNCJ9ǀOHōƕUDƸYDžB
189
.Ǥ;9
Bên sông Yamuna
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7{LODQJWKDQJGӑFFRQV{QJFӕWuPOҥLGҩXFKkQ[ѭD
'ҩX[ѭDQD\FzQÿkX´
Kỳ xv%ƤOTƴOH<BNVOB
H
{PQD\Km\ODQJWKDQJFQJW{LGӑFGzQJV{QJ<DPXQD
WURQJ [DQK Qj\ &iFK .RVDPEƯ &kX 7KkP WҫP KѫQ
NPYӅSKtDKҥGXV{QJ<DPXQDKzDGzQJYjRV{QJ
+ҵQJ OLQK WKLrQJ WҥR QrQ WKjQK SKӕ$OODKDEDG VҫP XҩW YӟL KѫQ
QăPWULӋXGkQFѭ'ӑFKDLErQEӡFiWWUҧLGjLEҩWWұQÿDQJGLӉQUD
OӉKӝL.XPEK0HODÿѭӧF[HPOjOӉKӝLOӟQQKҩWKjQKWLQKFyWUrQ
WULӋXQJѭӡLFQJWKӵFKjQKQJKLOӉ&yQKӳQJQJj\ѭӟFWtQK
ÿӃQWULӋXQJѭӡLFQJWҳPWUrQGzQJV{QJ%ҥQWKӱQJKƭFҧQѭӟF
9LӋW1DPFQJWKӵFKjQKPӝWQJKLOӉYjPӝWSKҫQEDGkQFѭQѭӟF
PuQKFQJWҳPWUrQPӝWGzQJV{QJFҧQKWѭӧQJҩ\KQJYƭYjÿӗ
VӝÿӃQPӭFQjR"ĈӃQQKӳQJFҧQKWѭӧQJWUrQSKLPҧQKFNJQJNK{QJ
WKӇGӵQJOҥLVӕOѭӧQJQJѭӡL³ÿ{QJKѫQTXkQ1JX\rQ´QKѭYұ\FKӍ
V{QJ+ҵQJPӟLFyVӭFFKӭDNKәQJOӗWKӃQj\
*Lӡÿk\GӑFEӡV{QJWӯ%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL ÿӃQ$OODKDEDG
Qj\FѫKӗOӅXWUҥLFӡ[tYjQJѭӡLOjQJѭӡLĈӭQJWUrQFk\FҫX
EҳFTXDV{QJ+ҵQJQKuQ[XӕQJOӅXWUҥLFӡ[tWUҧLGjLPҧLPLӃW
NK{QJKӃWWҫPPҳWW{LFӭQJӥOjÿҥLFKLӃQ;tFK%tFKWURQJ7DP
TXӕFFKt
Ĉҩ\OjKҥGXJLjXVDQJWUSK~QJѭӧFOrQYQJ.RVDPEƯ &kX
7KkP GkQFѭWKѭDWKӟWYjLOjQJFKjLYHQV{QJQKjWUDQKYiFK
192
ÿҩWKLӃPOҳPPӟLWKҩ\ÿѭӧFQJ{LQKjJҥFKYQJQj\ÿLӋQOѭӟL
YүQFKѭDÿѭӧFNpRÿӃQFҧOjQJ[jLFKXQJFiLPi\SKiWÿLӋQFKӍ
ÿrPKӑPӟLSKiWQJj\FyiQKViQJWUӡLFKR1pWÿһFWUѭQJFӫD
YQJ.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP OjÿҩWOүQJҥFKQJyLYөQYjÿӗLÿҩW
WKҩSQKӳQJÿӗLÿҩWWUѫWUӑLOѫWKѫYjLFk\[DQKWR'RYQJÿҩW
NK{FҵQtWFk\[DQKYjÿӏDKuQKÿӗLÿҩWWKҩSQrQPѭD[XӕQJQѭӟF
FKҧ\WKjQKGzQJWҥRUҩWQKLӅXNKHUmQKPһWÿҩWEӏ[pWRҥFWӯOjQJ
UDWӟLWұQEӡV{QJÿҩWWU{LKӃWFKӍFzQWUѫJҥFKYөQ
&K~QJW{LÿLGӑFEӡV{QJWӯNKXGLWtFK.XNNXWƗUƗPDÿӃQ
*KRVLWƗUƗPDUӗLÿӃQNKXOkPYLrQ3DYDULNDUXEDYDQDEyQJFKLӃF
\YjQJWKҩSWKRiQJErQV{QJVDRPjÿҽSYj\rQEuQKTXiÿӛLWӯ
FDRQKuQ[XӕQJÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJ\YjQJQKѭFRQUӗQJXӕQJOѭӧQ
9HQV{QJQJѭӡLWDQHRYjLFKLӃFWKX\ӅQQDQF{ÿѫQOҥFO}QJ*һS
YjLQJѭSKӫÿDQJEiQFiGӑFV{QJW{LQJmJLiUӗLPXDKӃW[LQWUҧ
OҥLFKRGzQJV{QJQѫLQyVLQKUD
/ҥLPӝWÿRҥQNKiFFK~QJW{LJһSÿӕQJFӫLÿDQJFzQKѫLҩP
WURQJѭӡLWURFӫLKLӋQUDQKuQYүQQKұQUDPӟ[ѭѫQJKjPUăQJ
QJѭӡLYӯDPӟLKӓDWiQJFKLӅXK{PWUѭӟFK{PQD\WKkQQKkQVӁ
ÿӃQÿѭDKӑYӅV{QJӢÿk\³QJѭӡLăQFiUӗLFiOҥLăQQJѭӡL´PӝW
YzQJOXҭQTXҭQÿӃQUӧQQJѭӡL
*LӡKm\FQJW{LQJѭӧFGzQJWKӡLJLDQYӅOҥLTXiNKӭ6DX
KҥWKӭWiPWҥLUӯQJ%KHVDNDOƗQ~L6XPVXPƗUD[ӭ%KDJJDĈӭF
3KұWEӝKjQKYӅ.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP YjӣOҥLQѫLQj\+{PNLD
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QQJѭӧFGzQJ<DPXQDÿLYӅSKtDWKѭӧQJQJXӗQÿӃQ
.XUXELӃWFyKDLQJѭӡLKӳXGX\rQ1JjLÿӇOҥLPӝWGҩXFKkQFy
EiQK[HQJjQFăPErQÿѭӡQJ
193
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
+DLYӧFKӗQJ%jODP{Q0DJDQGKLQKuQWKҩ\QJӗL[XӕQJ
VăPVRLTXDQViWUӗLEjQOXұQ
ÐLWUrQÿӡLVDROҥLFyWKӇFyGҩXFKkQOҥOQJWKӃ{QJPj\
ѫLFKҳFNK{QJSKҧLFӫDFRQQJѭӡLÿkX{QJPj\QKӍ"
%jQyLOҥNK{QJSKҧLGҩXFKkQQJѭӡLYұ\GҩXFKkQTXӹj"
ÐQJQyLEұ\Juÿҩ\
¬NK{QJSKҧLTXӹYұ\WKuOjGҩXFKkQFӫDPӝWYӏWKLrQFKăQJ"
+{PQD\ÿҫXyF{QJEӏFiLTXiLJuQyFKHiPj"+m\QKuQ
NӻGҩXFKkQQj\ÿL+m\QKuQNӻÿL'ҩXFKkQQj\WRiWUDPӝWX\
OӵFQKѭQKLӃSSKөFFҧ³WDPWKLrQÿҥLWKLrQWKӃJLӟL´QyOҥNǤQKѭ
ÿѭӧFYӁUDWӯFәWKѭPjFәWKѭÿLQӳDWKuFNJQJNK{QJFy{QJKӑD
Vƭ{QJWKӧWUӡLQjRFyWKӇYӁÿѭӧFWUrQÿҩWWKӃQj\NӇFyYӁWUrQ
JLҩ\KD\WUrQFKҩWOLӋXJuWKuFNJQJFKӏX9ұ\PjQJѭӡLQj\ÿӇOҥL
GҩXFKkQӣÿk\WUrQÿҩWFKӍFyWKӇOjEұFĈҥL2DL/ӵFEұFÿm
ÿRҥQWұQWҩWFҧNKәÿDXӣWUrQÿӡLQj\{QJҥ
ÐQJQJKHEjQyLFyOêQKuQNӻGҩXFKkQWKұWOkXUӗLJұW
ÿҫXQyL
Kỳ xv%ƤOTƴOH<BNVOB
3KҧLUӗLQj\ÿ{LYӧFKӗQJKLӅQWKLӋQ'ѭӟLJӕFFk\%ӗÿӅ
1Kѭ/DLÿmÿRҥQWұQWҩWFҧNKәÿDXÿRҥQWұQWҩWFҧiLGөFNKiW
YӑQJӣÿӡLYjÿmWUӣWKjQKPӝWYӏ3KұW %XGGKD .Ǥ GLӋX WKD\ NKL ĈӭF 7KӃ 7{Q QyL OrQ OӡL FKkQ WKұW VDX
3KҥPkP%XGGKDKDLYӧFKӗQJKӳXGX\rQNLDOLӅQFKӭQJQJӝ
TXҧYӏ$QƗJƗPL $QDKjP 7ӯÿyFkXFKX\ӋQEjQFKkQ3KұWFy
GҩXEiQK[HQJjQFăPÿѭӧFOѭXWUX\ӅQWӯQJѭӡLQj\VDQJQJѭӡL
QӑWӯ[ӭQj\VDQJ[ӭNKiFWӯTXӕFÿӝQj\VDQJYѭѫQJTXӕFQӑ
FӭODQPmLODQPmLFKRWӟLWұQQJj\QD\%LӃWEDRF{QJVӭFFӕ
JҳQJWKӇKLӋQEҵQJÿiEҵQJ[LPăQJEҵQJWUDQKYӁQKѭQJWҩW
FҧÿӅXNK{QJWjLQjRWKӇKLӋQOҥLÿѭӧFGҩXFKkQFyEiQK[HQJjQ
FăPҩ\
7{LODQJWKDQJGӑFFRQV{QJFӕWuPOҥLGҩXFKkQ[ѭD'ҩX
[ѭDQD\FzQÿkX/HROrQÿӗLÿҩWFDRÿѭDPҳWQKuQ[DW{LPXӕQ
WuPNKXUӯQJ3DULOH\\DNDWKXӣ[ѭDQKѭQJ³Qӓ´ELӃWQyӣSKѭѫQJ
³P{´"Ӣÿk\FKҷQJFyNKXUӯQJQjRFҧFKӍFyYjLFӝLFk\OҿORL
ÿѫQÿӝFÿӭQJErQÿӗLFQJVѭѫQJVӟPYjQҳQJFKLӅX
0ӝWFK~FKLPFKDRQJKLrQJFiQKFKӣKRjQJK{QÿLPҩWÿrP
OҥLYӅWUrQV{QJ
%jQyLSKҧLNK{QJWKӇNKiFKѫQÿk\ÿtFKWKӏGҩXFKkQFӫD
EұFĈҥL2DL/ӵFEұFÿmÿRҥQWұQWҩWFҧNKiWGөFKDPPXӕQӣ
ÿӡLÐLW{LPXӕQJһSEұFҩ\TXiEjҥ
7{LFNJQJYұ\
1JD\O~Fҩ\ErQWDLKDLQJѭӡLWKRҧQJPӝWJLӑQJ3KҥPkP
YӟLQKӳQJkPVҳFWX\ӋWKҧR
194
195
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xv%ƤOTƴOH<BNVOB
ES\a†\UHO[c\O
;ĥVĮW:c[[SZOb`}\a†\U7Ė\U
196
197
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
198
Kỳ xv%ƤOTƴOH<BNVOB
199
.Ǥ;9,
Viếng Sankassa
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³9jRKҥWKӭEҧ\WKHRWUX\ӅQWKӕQJFKѭ&KiQKĈҷQJ*LiF
ĈӭF3KұWÿmQJӵÿӃQF}LWUӡL7ƗYDWLূVD ĈDR/ӧL ÿӇWKX\ӃWSKiSEiRÿӅQѫQ3KұWPүXVLQKGѭӥQJ´
Kỳ xvI9JƦOH6BOLBĺB
&jQJÿL[D.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP ÿҩWÿDLFjQJPjXPӥFiQK
ÿӗQJO~DPu[DQKXP[HQOүQKRDFҧLYjQJYjQKӳQJWKӱDNKRDL
Wk\VҳSÿӃQNǤWKXKRҥFK.KRDLWk\ӣÿk\FyKDLORҥLYӓFӫPjX
YjQJYjYӓFӫPjXKӗQJ.KRDLWk\PӟLGӥFzQWѭѫLOXӝFKRһF
KRһFQҩXFKqÿӅXUҩWQJRQ
&
RQ ÿѭӡQJ Wӯ .RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP ÿӃQ 6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ
*Lj7KL GjLFKӯQJNPFK~QJW{LGӵÿӏQKÿLWURQJ
QJj\GjQKPӝWQJj\GӯQJQJKӍFҥRÿҫXJLһWJLNJYjWөQJ
JLӟLEәQ3D৬LPRNNKD0ҩ\QJj\QD\VѭѫQJPÿmEӟWÿLQKLӅX
QKѭQJWUӡLOҥQKKѫQÿ{LNKLFKӍFzQR&+ӗLViQJVӟPO~FFҧ
ÿRjQÿDQJÿLPӑLQJѭӡLEҩWFKӧWÿӅXQKuQYӅPӝWSKtDYjӗOrQ
PӝWWLӃQJ0һWWUӡLNuD/kXUӗLFK~QJW{LPӟLWKҩ\OҥL&KkQWUӡL
ӱQJKӗQJSKӟWOrQYҥQYұWPӝWOjQNKtҩP1KӳQJOjQVѭѫQJJLi
ED\OjOjPһWÿҩW{PWiQFk\UXӝQJFҧLWҥRQrQQKӳQJӕFÿҧRPӡ
QKҥWWUrQQӅQ[DQKFӫDO~D9jLFk\WRErQÿѭӡQJQJѭӡLWDFKһW
WUөLOӫLFKӍFzQOѫWKѫFjQKOiÿҽSQKѭWUDQKWKӫ\PһFFӫDQJѭӡL
KӑD Vƭ ÿҥL WjL QjR ÿy %rQ ÿѭӡQJ QKӳQJ EөL ODX OiF ÿiF E{QJ
Pҩ\FK~FKLPVkXEpWҽRWKkQWUzQQKѭFөFE{QJYXLYҿQKtFK
QKtFKFiLÿX{LÿXQJÿѭD&KӍYjLQpWFKҩPSKiJLҧQÿѫQQKѭQJ
ÿҽSQDROzQJNKXQJFҧQKPӟL\rQEuQKOjPVDR0ӝWEӭFWUDQK
EuQKPLQKGLӉPWX\ӋW
+{PQD\KӭDKҽQQJj\QҳQJҩP0DQj\JLӳDWUѭDPӑL
QJѭӡLYүQQҵPQJRjLQҳQJÿӇVѭӣLFKӍFҫQYjREyQJUkPOjFҧP
WKҩ\OҥQKQJD\ĈLTXDQKLӅXQJj\ÿѭӡQJGjLOҥQKJLiDLFNJQJ
PRQJFyQJj\WKӃQj\
202
7KӍQK WKRҧQJ OҥF JLӳD UXӝQJ O~D Oj Fҧ ÿjQ NKӍ ÿDQJ QJӗL
PăQJPRVѭӣLQҳQJWKҩ\FK~QJ6ӕYj$ORNDKqQKDXÿXәLONJ
NKӍJLұQGӛLFKtFKyHWUqROrQFk\WUrXQJѭѫLKDLÿӭDSKiÿiP
6ӕYj$ORNDWӭFOҳPPjFKӏXNK{QJOjPJuÿѭӧF+{PNLDWKҩ\
Eҫ\KѭѫXÿӭQJJLӳDÿӗQJVѭӣLҩPKDLFK~FNJQJUDRDLVӫDLQK
ӓLFKҥ\ÿӃQÿXәLPӝWFKӏKѭѫXNK{QJKjLOzQJYӟLWKiLÿӝQj\
FKӏÿѭDFKkQGjLQKѭFk\VjRWXQJFKRKDLFK~Pҩ\FѭӟFKDLFK~
KӃWKӗQEӓFKҥ\YӅSKtDFK~QJW{LFKӏKѭѫXYүQFKѭDEX{QJWKD
FKҥ\WKHR³Gt´PӝWÿRҥQQӳDWKҩ\FK~QJW{LÿӭQJFѭӡLFKӏPӟL
WKӫQJWKҷQJTXD\OѭQJXQJGXQJUӡLÿL
'ӑF FRQ ÿѭӡQJ Qj\ QKj GkQ YүQ WKѭD WKӟW UXӝQJ ÿӗQJ
OjFKtQK
9jRKҥWKӭEҧ\WKHRWUX\ӅQWKӕQJFKѭ&KiQKĈҷQJ*LiFĈӭF
3KұWÿmQJӵÿӃQF}LWUӡL7ƗYDWLূVD ĈDR/ӧL ÿӇWKX\ӃWSKiSEiR
ÿӅQѫQ3KұWPүXVLQKGѭӥQJ7URQJNKLWKX\ӃWSKiSĈӭF3KұW
FzQKyDKLӋQPӝWWKkQNKiFJLҧQJWyPWҳWOҥLFKRQJjL6ƗULSXWWD
;i/ӧL3KҩW QJKHQJjL6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW FyWUiFKQKLӋP
WULӇQNKDLYjGҥ\OҥLFKRÿҥLFK~QJ6DXQj\FiFYӏNӃWWұS6ѭÿm
SKkQFKLDQKӳQJOӡLGҥ\Qj\WKjQKWҥQJ$EKLGKDPPD 9L'LӋX
3KiS 7KXӣҩ\NKLPDKҥDQFѭPjNK{QJELӃWĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
ӣÿkXQJѭӡLQj\KӓLQJѭӡLNLDYjUӗLQJѭӡLWDKӓLFiFYӏWKѭӧQJ
WKӫ$ODKiQFyWKҳQJWUtFiFQJjLWUҩQDQGkQFK~QJYjEҧR
203
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7KHR WUX\ӅQ WKӕQJ FKѭ 3KұW ĈӭF 1Kѭ /DL FӫD FK~QJ WD
ÿDQJӣF}LWUӡLÿӇWKX\ӃWSKiSEiRÿӅQѫQKX\ӃWVӳDFKR3KұWPүX
%ҥFKWUѭӣQJOmR9ұ\UӗLĈӭF7KӃ7{QFyWUӣOҥLQKkQJLDQ
NK{QJYjNKLQjR1JjLWUӣOҥLҥ"
'ƭQKLrQUӗL4XêYӏ\rQWkPVDXPDKҥĈӭF7KӃ7{QVӁ
WUӣYӅ
%ҥFKWUѭӣQJOmRĈӭF7KӃ7{QVӁYӅӣÿӏDÿLӇPQjRҥ"
1JjLVӁYӅӣFәQJWKjQK6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ*Lj7KL 7KӃOj3KұWWӱGkQFK~QJKӑQQNpRQKDXÿӃQFәQJWKjQK
6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ*Lj7KL GӵQJOӅXOiQÿӇFKӡQJj\ĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
WUӣ OҥL &iF Yӏ WUѭӣQJ OmR EjQ QKDX NKX\ӃQ NKtFK WUѭӣQJ JLҧ
$QƗWKDSL৆ঌLND &ҩS&{ĈӝF SKөJL~SGkQFK~QJYӅFiLăQFiL
ӣFiFYӏWKD\QKDXWKX\ӃWSKiSÿӇÿӝGkQFK~QJYjFKӡQJj\
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QWUӣYӅ
7KӃOjÿ~QJQJj\3DYƗUD৆Ɨ QJj\WӵWӭ EҫXWUӡLWURQJ[DQK
NK{QJPӝWJӧQPk\EӛQJQKLrQӱQJPk\OjQKQăPVҳFJLӳDKѭ
NK{QJ KLӋQ UD PӝW FҫX WKDQJ EҵQJ QJӑF ĈӭF7KӃ7{Q YӟL SKѭӟFWѭӟQJX\QJKLÿDQJEѭӟF[XӕQJErQSKҧL1JjLYXDWUӡL
6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK EѭӟFÿLWUrQFҫXWKDQJEҵQJYjQJWD\FҫPFk\
OӑQJWUҳQJFKHFKR1JjLErQWUiLFyĈҥLSKҥPWKLrQ6DKDPSDWL
{PEiWWKHRKҫXÿLWUrQFҫXWKDQJEҵQJEҥFWKHRVDXOjY{YjQ
WKLrQFK~QJ'kQFK~QJ³VLQJӕF´QJѭӟFOrQQKuQYӟLFRQPҳW
FKӳ$PӗPFKӳ2KӑFKѭDEDRJLӡWKҩ\PӝWNKXQJFҧQKQjR
KX\KRjQJYjWUiQJOӋKѫQWKӃ&KѭWKLrQ[LQKÿҽSQKҥFWUӡLQKѭ
UyWPұWYjRWDLKѭѫQJWUӡLQKѭ[X\rQTXDWӯQJWӃEjRWKҩPYjR
204
Kỳ xvI9JƦOH6BOLBĺB
WұQFKkQWѫNӁWyFWKѫPOӵQJFҧNK{QJJLDQ.KLĈӭF3KұW[XҩW
KLӋQDLQҩ\ÿӅXVӳQJVӡ1JjLÿһWEjQFKkQSKҧL[XӕQJPһWÿҩW
SKtDWURQJFәQJWKjQK6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ*Lj7KL PһWÿҩWEӛQJ
WUӗLOrQPӝWÿRiVHQQKҽQkQJEjQFKkQ1JjL%LӃWGkQFK~QJYj
QKӳQJQJѭӡLÿӧLFKӡӣÿk\FyGX\rQYӟLJLiRSKiSĈӭF3KұWÿm
QyLPӝWWKӡLSKiSÿӃQWҩWFҧPӑLQJѭӡLVDXWKӡLSKiSUҩWQKLӅX
YӏFiWEөLFzQtWWURQJPҳWÿmOjP[RQJYLӋFFҫQOjPӣÿӡLFyYӏ
WKuYjRGzQJQӃPÿѭӧFKѭѫQJYӏ3KiSEҧR1ѫLEjQFKkQĈӭF
3KұWÿһW[XӕQJQJѭӡLWDÿm[k\GӵQJPӝW%ҧRWKiSWѭӣQJQLӋP
6DXQj\NKLFQJJLDÿuQKWKkQTX\ӃQYLӃQJWKăPQѫLQj\YXD
$VRND $'өF ÿmFKR[k\GӵQJOҥLTX\P{KѫQYjGӵQJPӝWWUө
ÿiÿӇÿiQKGҩXYjWѭӣQJQKӟWUrQÿӍQKWUөOjKuQKFRQYѭѫQJ
WѭӧQJX\GNJQJQJѭӟFQKuQWUӡLFDR
&K~QJ W{L ÿӃQ 6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ *Lj 7KL YjR PӝW FKLӅX
PѭDQѫLQj\ÿӗQJUXӝQJOjFKtQKQKjFӱDWKѭDWKӟW%ҧRWKiS
[ѭDQD\FKӍOjPӝWÿӗLJҥFKYөQYүQFzQQKұQUDPӝWYjLYiFK
WѭӡQJFzQOҥL1Jj\QD\QѫLQj\ÿѭӧF[ӃSYjRGLWtFKFҩS4XӕF
JLD FҫQ ÿѭӧF EҧR YӋ ÿѭӧF [k\ GӵQJ WѭӡQJ EDR [XQJ TXDQK
*ҫQFKkQÿӗLJҥFKFӝLÿDWROӟQQJKuQQăPWXәL[DKѫQFK~W
QKjWӭJLiFWUѭQJEj\ÿҫXWUөÿiGRYXD$VRND $'өF GӵQJ
NKL[ѭD&K~YѭѫQJWѭӧQJJLӡKѭKҥLQKLӅXӣSKҫQÿҫXYjÿX{L
QKѭQJQKӳQJKRDYăQ[XQJTXDQKÿҫXWUөÿiKRDOiFjQKYүQ
FzQU}QpWOҳP%rQFҥQKPӝWWKiSQKӓPjXWUҳQJErQWURQJ
WKӡEӭFWѭӧQJ3KұWÿDQJÿLWUrQFҫXWKDQJEҥFKQJӑFErQWUiL
YXDWUӡL6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK FҫPOӑQJFKHErQSKҧL3KҥPWKLrQ
6DKDPSDWL{PEiWWKHRKҫX;DKѫQQӳDWURQJNKX{QYLrQQj\
OjYѭӡQFk\
205
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvI9JƦOH6BOLBĺB
7ӕL ÿӃQ FK~QJ W{L [LQ QJӫ ӣ YѭӡQ FKD 7k\ 7ҥQJ WURQJ
YQJ6iQJQJj\NKLFyWKӇWKҩ\U}FRQÿѭӡQJFK~QJW{LÿҳS\
PDQJEiWÿLNKҩWWKӵFJLHRGX\rQÿӃQGkQFK~QJYQJQj\
4Xi OkX UӗL Kӑ ÿm TXrQ QѫL Qj\ WӯQJ PӝW WKӡL FKѭ7ăQJ
ÿ{QJÿ~F5ӗLYүQQKѭPӑLQѫLWUrQÿҩWҨQFK~QJW{LQKұQÿѭӧF
QKӳQJQөFѭӡLYjQKӳQJiQKPҳWWzPzWӯQJѭӡLGkQ%uQKEiW
WUӕQJNK{QJWUӣYӅFK~QJW{LYjRNKX{QYLrQ%ҧRWKiSÿҧQKOӉ
7KiQK WtFK 6DX WKӡL NLQK7DP %ҧR FKѭ7ăQJ WөQJ WyP WҳW EӝWURQJ$EKLGKDPPD 9L'LӋX3KiS %ӝ'KDPPDVDৄJD৆Ư Eӝ
3KiS7ө Eӝ9LEKDৄJD Eӝ3KkQ7tFK Eӝ'KDWXNDWKƗ Eӝ&KҩW
1Jӳ Eӝ3XJJDODSDxxDWWL Eӝ1KkQ&KӃĈӏQK Eӝ.DWKƗYDWWKX
Eӝ1Jӳ7{QJ Eӝ<DPDND Eӝ6RQJĈӕL YjEӝ3D৬৬KƗQD Eӝ
9ӏ7Ut ÆPEDWLӃQJ3ƗশLYDQJYDQJFDRY~WVyQJkPODQ[DFk\Oi
QKѭFӝQJKѭӣQJFNJQJÿXQJÿѭD[jR[ҥF«
=ĴWbļĸ\U\WĢ[íĽQ?VĚbĠĕbQVv\fcĭ\U_cğĠębaOcVĞbVĽPğg
bĞWQİ\UbVu\VBO\YOaaOCē\U6WuCVW
1JѭӟFPҳWQKuQWUӡLFDRNKXQJFҧQKKX\KRjQJGLӉPOӋ[ѭD
ÿmWDQQKzDYjRKѭY{FKҷQJFzQWKҩ\JuW{LFKӍWKҩ\PӝWEҫX
WUӡLWKҩSPjX[iPOҥQK[D[DYӑQJOҥLWLӃQJuҫPKӭDKҽQÿѭӧF
PӝWFKLӅXPѭD
206
207
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvI9JƦOH6BOLBĺB
C`ĺĠtdcO0a]YO03ĺQRľ\UYŅ\WĢ[YVWĠġ\dWġ\U\ĴW\ug
208
209
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvI9JƦOH6BOLBĺB
=ĴWbļĸ\U\WĢ[íĽQ?VĚbĠĕbQVv\fcĭ\U_cğĠębaOcVĞbVĽPğg
bĞWQİ\UbVu\VBO\YOaaOCē\U6WuCVW
210
211
.Ǥ;9,,
–
–
về Savatthi
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³0ѭDOjWKӃQKѭQJ[HPÿyOjNKәFӵFKD\[HPÿyOj
VӵWUҧLQJKLӋPÿӇKӑFUDEjLKӑFFKRPuQKOjTX\ӅQOӵDFKӑQ
FӫDPӛLQJѭӡL´
Kỳ xvII9ƥ6BWBIJIJ
*LӳD ÿѭӡQJ WKHR YӃW EiQK [H QѭӟF Fҧ YNJQJ ÿҩW QKmR
QKRҽWFK~QJW{LQpSKDLErQÿӇÿLÿDQJÿLErQÿѭӡQJWKzUD
FjQK WiR GҥL QKLӅX JDL FjR YjR \ Yӏ ÿL WUѭӟF EѭӟF TXD PӝW
EѭӟF\UiFK[RҽWPӝWÿѭӡQJKѫQJDQJWD\WӕLYӅ\OҥLFyWKrP
ÿѭӡQJYiPӟL
5
ӡL6DQNDVVD 7ăQJ*Lj7KL ÿLӇPÿӃQWLӃSWKHRFӫD
ÿRjQFK~QJW{LOj6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ +{PTXDWUӡLu
ҫPQD\ÿәPѭDJLӳDÿrP{QJOjPFKRWUұQQӳDUҩW
QKLӅXQJѭӡLEӏѭӟWÿӗ5ӗLÿDQJÿLWUӡLOҥLPѭDPӑLQJѭӡLFNJQJ
ѭӟW UѭӧW QKӳQJ JLӑW PѭD WKұW OҥQK Qy QJҩP GҫQ YjR QJѭӡL
QJj\TXDQJj\TXiQӱDVӕQJѭӡLWURQJÿRjQEӏFҧPYjKR
0ѭDFyOӟQNK{QJѭ"0ѭDFNJQJYӯDWK{LYӯDÿӫFKRPӝW
FK~EDEDÿLOҥFPҽOHROrQÿѭӡQJFKѫL7Kҩ\FK~EzOәPQKәP
6ӕYj$ORNDFKҥ\WӟLWUrXVӧKDLFK~FҳQQyPӝWYӏ6ѭÿm{POrQ
WKҧOҥL[XӕQJUXӝQJWU{QJPjDLFNJQJFѭӡL
&RQÿѭӡQJÿҩW[X\rQTXDOjQJYjÿӗQJUXӝQJVDXPѭDWKұW
WUѫQ1ѭӟFÿӑQJWӯQJUmQKWKHRYӃWEiQK[HQѭӟFORDQJORiQJ
PһWÿѭӡQJGѭӟLiQKÿqQSLQQѭӟFOӝSEӝSGѭӟLPӛLEѭӟFFKkQ
ĈLFRQÿѭӡQJQj\O~FWUӡLFzQWӕLEѭӟFSKҧLWKұWFKҳFWKjGѫ
FKkQFKӭNK{QJWKӇWUѭӧWWp7KӃQKѭQJFyQKӳQJYӏÿLGpSW{QJ
/jRÿӃQPzQYҽWFҧPӝWErQÿӃEѭӟFFKkQGtQKQѭӟFOҥLWUѫQ
QKү\WpÿӃQRҥFKFiL[XӕQJVuQKEuQKEiWÿұS[XӕQJÿҩWNrXFiL
FKRDQJ7Kҩ\WKuU}WKѭѫQJQKѭQJTXҧWKұWW{LNK{QJQKӏQQәL
FѭӡLKDKD«W{L[LQSKpSFѭӡL[tXÿm
214
0ѭDOjWKӃQKѭQJ[HPÿyOjNKәFӵFKD\[HPÿyOjVӵ
WUҧLQJKLӋPÿӇKӑFUDEjLKӑFFKRPuQKOjTX\ӅQOӵDFKӑQFӫD
PӛLQJѭӡL
&K~QJW{LFKӑQ[HPÿk\OjPӝWVӵWUҧLQJKLӋPQyFKӍOjPӝW
EjLKӑFNK{QJKѫQNK{QJNpP&K~QJW{LNK{QJGtQKPҳFKҥQK
SK~FKD\QKӳQJÿLӅXWKXұQOӧLrPiLYjFK~QJW{LFNJQJNK{QJ
NKyFKӏXNKLKRjQFҧQKEҩWOӧLNKәÿDX7KұWUDÿDXNKәYjKҥQK
SK~FOjKDLPһWFӫDWKӵFWҥLÿ{LNKLFK~QJ[HQNӁKRһFEDRKjP
WURQJQKDX&K~QJWDNK{QJWKӇFKӑQFiLQj\PjEӓFiLNLDÿѭӧF
Ĉ{LNKLFK~QJWDҧRWѭӣQJFyKҥQKSK~FKRһFWKDQYmQNKәÿDX
'tQKPҳFKҥQKSK~FKD\WKDQYmQNKLÿDXNKәFNJQJQKѭQKDX
ÿyNK{QJSKҧLOjOӕLVX\QJKƭFӫDFK~QJW{L&K~QJW{LFKӍYLӋF
QKuQFzQFK~QJQKѭWKӃQjROjYLӋFFӫDFK~QJÿk\OjFRQÿѭӡQJ
7UXQJĈҥR
0ѭDWKuNӋPѭDFRQÿѭӡQJQj\YүQQKLӅXÿLӅXWK~Yӏ'ӑF
ÿѭӡQJÿLFK~QJW{LJһSUҩWQKLӅXFKLPFKyF1KӳQJEҫ\YҽWÿ{L
NKLÿұX[DQKOqFҧFk\NrXYҽWYҽWWU{QJPӟLYXLYҿOjPVDR
7Kҩ\ÿҽSDLFNJQJQJѭӟFQKuQPj5ӗLQKӳQJÿjQViRWUkXWӟLFҧ
QJjQFRQED\YPӝWFiLQKѭÿiPPk\ÿHQOѭӟWTXDUӗLQKӳQJ
Fk\OӫQJOҷQJWUrQFjQKFѫPDQOjGѫLQKӳQJFRQGѫLWRQKѭFRQ
TXҥUӗLFҧQKӳQJFk\WUHRÿӃQYjLFKөFWәFKLPUӗQUӝWÿXQJÿѭD
WKHRJLy
215
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
1KѭQJÿһFELӋWFRQÿѭӡQJQj\UҩWQKLӅXFKLPF{QJYjFKLP
NӅQNӅQ&{QJÿѭӧFQX{LQKѭJjWKҧYѭӡQӣTXrÿLÿkXFNJQJ
WKҩ\ÿ{LNKLJLӳDÿiPUXӝQJQRQKRһFÿiPNKRDLWk\YӯDGӥFҧ
ÿjQF{QJYjLFKөFFRQ1KӳQJFRQF{QJWUӕQJYӟLFKLӃFÿX{LGjL
ÿҽSFiLFәÿҫ\GX\rQGiQJPѭӟWUѭӧWYjPӻOӋ&KLPF{QJFyOӁ
OjWiFSKҭPNǤF{QJFӫDQJKӋQKkQQKjWUӡLNKLGLFKX\ӇQWKkQ
PuQKQyX\ӇQFKX\ӇQPӅPPҥLWKDQKWDRWUrQÿҫXFiLPjRO{QJ
QKӓUXQJULQK6DRWUrQÿӡLOҥLFyORjLFKLPÿҽSÿӃQWKӃKҧWUӡL
&{QJOjORjLFKLPQrQFNJQJELӃWED\QKѭQJQyFKӍED\FӥQKѭJj
WK{LEӝÿX{LTXiGjLYjQһQJ7KLWKRҧQJFK~QJW{LFNJQJEҳWJһS
KuQKҧQKQKӳQJFK~F{QJÿDQJED\OrQÿҽSUҩWÿҽS
ĈӕLOұSYӟLYҿÿҽSFӫDF{QJOjFKLPNӅQNӅQFKҳFÿk\OjWiF
SKҭPFӫDDQKWKӧWUӡLViQJWiFO~FWkPWUҥQJÿDQJTXҥXTXӑ$QK
WҥRUDFK~FKLPPjX[iPÿөFFyFK~VҳFO{QJ[iPÿHQYӟLWKkQ
PuQKWK{NӋFKGiQJÿLNKӋQKNKҥQJFiLÿҫXYjFәWUөLOӫLO{QJ
&yFK~NӅQNӅQÿұXWUrQPӝWFjQKNK{WKҩ\ÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿL
QJDQJFK~QKuQYӟLFiLFәUөWOҥLYjiQKPҳWWzPz7KӭFăQFӫD
FK~QJOjQKӳQJ[iFWKӕLFӫDÿӝQJYұW1ӃXEuQKFKӑQW{LVӁFKӑQ
FKLPNӅQNӅQ[ҩXQKҩWWURQJKӑQKjFKLP
5ӗLFRQÿѭӡQJFNJQJӣVDXOѭQJ6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ ӣQJD\WURQJ
WҫPPҳWӢ6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ Qj\[ѭDQәLWLӃQJQKҩWFyÿҥLWULӋX
SK~$QƗWKDSL৆ঌLND &ҩS&{ĈӝF VӣGƭPDQJWrQQKѭYұ\Yu{QJ
OX{QORFKRQJѭӡLQJKqRQKӳQJQJѭӡLF{ÿӝFNK{QJQѫLQѭѫQJ
WӵD+{PNLDFyF{QJYLӋFWӟL9ѭѫQJ;iWKjQKYӏWULӋXSK~ÿѭӧF
JһSYjQJKHSKiSWӯĈӭF3KұWSKiWVDQKOzQJWӏQKWtQ{QJWKӍQK
3KұWYj7ăQJFK~QJYӅTXrKѭѫQJ{QJNLQKWKjQK6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i
9Ӌ QѭӟF.RVDOD .LӅX7iW/D Qj\Ӣÿk\{QJWuPQѫLWKtFKKӧS
216
Kỳ xvII9ƥ6BWBIJIJ
[k\ GӵQJ WX YLӋQ F~QJ GѭӡQJ ĈӭF 3KұW Yj7ăQJ FK~QJ QKѭQJ
WuPPmLPjNK{QJFyQѫLQjRYӯDê&KӍFyPӝWQѫLWKtFKKӧSÿy
OjNKXOkPYLrQFӫDKRjQJWKkQ-HWD .ǤĈj QKѭQJNKәQӛL{QJ
KRjQJWKLӃXJuWLӅQQKѭQJYuÿӭFWLQ{QJFNJQJÿiQKOLӅXÿӃQJһS
KRjQJWKkQVDXNKLFKjRKӓL[mJLDR{QJWKѭD
7KѭDQJjL7{LPXӕQWuPPӝWNKXYӵFNK{QJ[D[yPOjQJ
OҥL\rQWƭQKXQKmWKtFKKӧSFKRYLӋFÿLOҥLYjWXWұSÿӇWKLӃWOұS
PӝWWXYLӋQF~QJGѭӡQJÿӃQĈӭF3KұWYj7ăQJFK~QJQKѭQJWuP
PmLPjNK{QJFyQѫLQjRYӯDêFKӍFyNKXOkPYLrQFӫDKRjQJ
WKkQÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFWҩWFҧQKӳQJ\rXFҫXҩ\9ұ\KRjQJWKkQFy
WKӇVDQJQKѭӧQJOҥLNKXYѭӡQҩ\FKRW{LFKăQJ"
7zPzWUѭӟFFkXKӓLFӫDQJѭӡLWULӋXSK~WҥLVDROҥLGiPQJKƭ
PXDNKXOkPYLrQFӫDPuQKOҥLPXDÿӇF~QJFKRPӝWYӏ3KұWYj
7ăQJFK~QJFKӭNK{QJSKҧLÿӇFKRPuQKVӱGөQJ"+RjQJWKkQ
QyLQKѭÿӇWKiFKÿӕ{QJWULӋXSK~
1j\QJѭӡLWULӋXSK~OѭѫQJWKLӋQ.KXYѭӡQҩ\OjÿҽSÿӁ
\rQ WƭQK X QKm ѭD QKuQ Oj QѫL \rX WKtFK FӫD WD Yұ\ QӃX {QJ
PXӕQPXDWKu{QJFӭFKӣYjQJÿӃQYjQJOyWÿѭӧFÿӃQÿkXWD
QKѭӧQJFKR{QJÿӃQÿy
1Jӓ OӡL FҧP ѫQ [RQJ {QJ WӭF WӕF TXD\ YӅ KRjQJ WKkQ WKu
QJKƭWKҫP³ÐQJWUL͏XSK~Qj\VͫU͛L´+{PVDXWKuFҧSKӕ[{Q
[DRQJѭӡLWDWKҩ\WӯQJÿRjQYRLQJӵDQѭӡPQѭӧSNpRWKHRUѭѫQJ
KzPFKXPYҥLWLӃQYӅNKXYѭӡQ9uWzPzQJѭӡLWDÿLWKHRWKҩ\
{QJWULӋXSK~ÿDQJFKRQJѭӡLWUҧLYjQJUDÿҩW+ӑQJKƭFKҳF{QJ
ÿHPYjQJUDÿӇSKѫLQKѭQJNK{QJ{QJÿHPYjQJUDÿӇÿәLÿҩW
5ӗLFKX\ӋQFNJQJÿӃQWDLKRjQJWKkQ-HWD .ǤĈj {QJOLӅQFQJ
217
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvII9ƥ6BWBIJIJ
JLDQKkQÿӃQNKXYѭӡQWKҩ\YjQJÿmWUҧLUDJҫQKӃWFҧNKXYѭӡQ
{QJWULӋXSK~WKuÿDQJÿӭQJQJҭQQJѭӡLÿăPFKLrX+RjQJWKkQOҥL
QJKƭ³&K̷F{QJWUL͏XSK~V̷SK͇WYjQJU͛Lÿk\PXDQ͝LNK{QJ«
KDKD«´EqQOҥLJҫQ{QJWULӋXSK~OD\OD\FiQKWD\YjEҧR
1j\QJѭӡLWULӋXSK~KLӅQWKLӋQ&yJuSKҧLQKăQPj\WKӃ
YjQJNK{QJÿӫVDR"
¬1JjLÿҩ\j7{LÿDQJVX\QJKƭSKҧLFKRQJѭӡLÿRÿҥFFҭQ
WKұQFiFJӕFFk\ÿӇWtQKUDFKXYLÿҩWFKӛҩ\UӗLFKX\ӇQYjQJWӯNKR
QjRUDFKRWLӋQWK{L&KӭNK{QJVӧWKLӋWFKR1JjL
1JKHFkXWUҧOӡL{QJKRjQJU~QJÿӝQJӕLWUӡLѫLWUrQÿӡLOҥL
FyQJѭӡLÿHPYjQJUDÿәLÿҩWWKұWOҥLFzQORFKRFKӫÿҩWEӏWKLӋW
WKұWOҥOQJFKҳFKҷQYӏ3KұWPj{QJWDQyLÿӃQUҩWX\OӵFUҩW
WKLrQJOLrQJQrQ{QJPӟLOjPQKѭYұ\QJKƭYұ\[RQJ{QJQyL
=VŁ\UQ]\Ġļķ\UZěgZĮWaOc[ļO
1j\QJѭӡLWULӋXSK~KLӅQWKLӋQ9jQJWUҧLWUrQÿҩWÿѭӧFUӗL
EҥQF~QJÿҩWFzQFk\FKRWDJySSKҫQF{QJÿӭFQKp
7X YLӋQ VDX NKL [k\ [RQJ Fy WrQ Oj .Ǥ 7Kӑ &ҩS &{ ĈӝF
9LrQQJKƭDOj³&k\FӫDKRjQJWKkQ.ǤĈjYѭӡQFӫDWUѭӣQJJLҧ
&ҩS&{ĈӝF´JӑLWҳWOj-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i 7KӃ
OjYӟLVӵWKӍQKPӡLFӫDWULӋXSK~$QƗWKDSL৆ঌLND &ҩS&{ĈӝF
YjVӵF~QJGѭӡQJWӏQK[iӣTXrKѭѫQJ{QJĈӭF3KұWYj7ăQJ
FK~QJÿmÿӃQ1JjLÿmӣYQJQj\DQFѭQKұSKҥVXӕW PD
PѭDPDQJÿӃQY{OѭӧQJSK~FOҥFFKRFKѭWKLrQSKLQKkQWKӑ
WKҫQYjQJѭӡLGkQ[ӭQj\ELӃWEDRQKLrXFKX\ӋQÿm[ҧ\UDӣÿk\
UҩWOjVLQKÿӝQJPӡLTXêEҥQÿӑFÿyQ[HPNǤVDX
ऺ #ȷऺ 74̙@ऺ 63†.஽ऺ ´̻.ऺ 3˿?ऺ ̱ऺ "¥A,??3Ïऺ ஫'†ऺ %̙஬ऺ வஸऺ 8,ऺ ,9ऺ .ȷயऺ ?˳4ऺ 0?¥=¥8,ர
A43¥=,ऺ ஫ǣऺ %49஬ऺ ழ஼ऺ 3˳யऺ ?˳4ऺ @--¥=¥8,ऺ ஫´™92ऺ 3ȷȵ92ऺ ̫.ऺ ˽@஬ऺ /:ऺ µ˳4ऺ ?3’ऺ
.3̹ऺ%4>¥63¥ऺ/‡92ऺ.ž92ऺஹऺ3˳ற
(1)
218
219
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
220
Kỳ xvII9ƥ6BWBIJIJ
221
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
222
Kỳ xvII9ƥ6BWBIJIJ
223
.Ǥ;9,,,
Đông Phương Tự
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³&KLӅXWjQFK{QFKkQWUrQSKӃWtFKÿѭDWD\NpRWj\JLӳ
FK~WKѫLҩPW{LOҥLUӡLÿLVDXOѭQJPӝWWKXӣYjQJVRQJLӡ
KRDQJWjQJLyWKәLWӯQJFѫQEXӕWOҥQK´
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
Ō
RjQ GӯQJ QJKӍ ӣ 6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i 9Ӌ YjL K{P PӡL PӑL
QJѭӡLODQJWKDQJFQJW{LQѫLPLӅQÿҩWQj\[HPWKӱVDX
KѫQ QăP FzQ OҥL QKӳQJ Ju NKL [ѭD QѫL ÿk\ WӯQJ
OjNLQKÿ{QѭӟF0ƗJDGKD 0D.LӋWĈj ÿѭӧFWUӏYuEӣLÿӭFYXD
3ƗVHQDGL %D7ѭ1һF WjLJLӓLFy-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK
[i QѫLĈӭF3KұWDQFѭKҥ
1Jj\QD\6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ NK{QJFzQJLjXVDQJQKѭWURQJ
NLQKÿLӇQP{WҧFKӍOjPӝWWKӏWUҩQEuQKWKѭӡQJYӟLPұWÿӝGkQFѭ
UҩWtWҨQĈӝOjQѭӟFFyFѭGkQÿӭQJWKӭKDLWKӃJLӟLVDX7UXQJ
4XӕFYұ\Pjӣÿk\GkQFѭYүQWKѭDWKӟWOҳPQrQW{LJӑLOjtW
/ҫQÿҫXWLrQVDXNKLÿӃQÿk\WURQJÿҫXW{LFyPӝWGҩXKӓL
WRÿQJNK{QJELӃWQJӓFQJDL1D\PѭӧQEjLYLӃWQj\ÿӇQKӡ
FiFQKjQJKLrQFӭXFiFEұFWKӭFJLҧDLELӃW[LQJLҧLPӕLQJKL
Qj\W{L[LQWULkQ
ĈLӇPTXDFiFWKiQKWtFK%RGK*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ QѫL
%ӗWiWWKjQKÿҥR%ƗUƗ৆DVƯ %D/D1ҥL QѫL3KұW&KX\ӇQ3KiS
/XkQ9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ QѫL1JjLQKұSKҥWKӭQăPYjFKRSKpS
WKjQKOұS1LÿRjQYӟLVӵ[XҩWJLDFӫDGLPүX*RWDPL6DQNDVVD
7ăQJ*Lj7KL QѫL1JjLWӯF}LWUӡLYӅOҥLÿӏDFҫXVDXKҥWKӭEҧ\
226
.RVDPEƯ &kX7KkP QѫL1JjLQKұSKҥWKӭFKtQ/XPELQƯ /kP
7Ǥ1L QѫL%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQKW{LWKҩ\WҩWFҧQKӳQJQѫLҩ\NKLFQJ
JLDTX\ӃQYLӃQJWKăPÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF ÿӅXFKRGӵQJWUө
ÿiÿӇJKLGҩXNӹQLӋP1JRjLUDW{LFzQWKҩ\FyWUөÿiӣEҧR
WKiS6DQFKLWKXӝF1DPҨQĈӝTXrYӧFӫDÿҥLÿӃ$VRNDWUөÿi
JҫQ EҧR WKiS /DXULD 1DQGDQJDUK WUө ÿi 5DPSXUYD 1KѭQJ ӣ
-HWƗUƗPD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i Qj\WKuOҥLNK{QJFyWUөÿiQjRFҧFy
OӁQjRPӝWQѫLĈӭF3KұWDQFѭVXӕWPDKҥOҥLNK{QJTXDQ
WUӑQJ7ӯÿyFyEDJLҧWKX\ӃWÿѭӧFÿһWUD
7KӭQKҩWÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF FQJJLDTX\ӃQFKѭDWӯQJ
YLӃQJWKăPQѫLQj\QrQNK{QJGӵQJWUөÿiÿӇNӹQLӋPÿLӅXQj\
QJKHUDNK{QJKӧSOêOҳP
7Kӭ KDL ÿҥL ÿӃ$VRND $ 'өF ÿm ÿӃQ -HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD
.Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i Qj\ÿmFKRGӵQJWUөÿiÿӇNӹQLӋPYjWUөÿi
ÿmWKҩWOҥFFKѭDÿѭӧFWuPWKҩ\KRһFNKX{QYLrQ-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD
.Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i [ѭDUҩWUӝQJOӟQWUөÿiÿѭӧFGӵQJQҵPQѫL
QjRÿyWURQJNKXYӵFQj\QKѭQJFKѭDÿѭӧFFiFQKjNKҧRFәWuP
ÿѭӧFYjF{QJEӕ
7KӭEDJLҧWKX\ӃWQj\FyYҿÿLrQQKѭQJQyYүQKuQKWKjQK
GҩXKӓLWURQJW{LÿyOj-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i QJj\
QD\NK{QJSKҧLOj-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i [ѭDNLD
7{LÿһWUDOXұQÿLӇPQj\EӣLFiFF{QJWUuQKNLӃQWU~F[ѭDӣ
ҨQWKѭӡQJQҵPWKҩSKѫQPһWÿҩWYұ\Pjӣÿk\WҩWFҧF{QJWUuQK
QҵPWUrQÿҩWQJRQOjQKFyYҿY{Oê
/DQJ WKDQJ JLӳD QKӳQJ KRjL QJKL ӣ QѫL ÿѭӧF JӑL Oj
-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD .Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i QJj\QD\OzQJW{LQһQJWUƭX
227
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
9LӃQJWKăPWKiQKWtFKJLӡFKӍFzQOjSKӃWtFKPDQPDQPӝWQӛL
EXӗQ KRDQJ KRҧL EѭӟF FKkQ ÿL TXDQK QKӳQJ QӅQ PyQJ JҥFK
PӟL[k\PjW{LNK{QJWKӇKLӇXQәL"1KLӅXQăPYӅWUѭӟFÿӃQÿk\
YүQFzQKRDQJVѫOҳPPһWÿҩWFӓ[DQKUuQKLӅXKӕNKDLTXұW
OӝUDQKӳQJEӭFWѭӡQJJҥFKWKҩSFKӍFKӯQJÿyWK{LQKѭQJWKұW
VӵÿiQKÿӝQJWkPW{LGOjY{WKѭӡQJKD\GҩXYӃWWKӡLJLDQWKu
W{LFNJQJFKҩSQKұQVӵWKұWOX{QOjYұ\GүXFK~QJWDFKҩSQKұQ
KD\NK{QJ
1KѭQJK{PQD\QKӳQJQӅQJҥFKPӟLQj\QKѭQKӳQJPLӃQJ
EăQJJҥFÿѭӧFYҩWKӡKӳQJErQFҥQKYӃWWKѭѫQJÿDQJUӍPiX
{LÿӟQÿDX7{LQJKHWLPPuQKTXһQÿDXUrQ[LӃWĈk\FNJQJOj
VӵWKұWSKҧLFKҩSQKұQJLӳQJX\rQKRDQJVѫOjVӵWKұWPj[k\
GӵQJOrQUӗLJKLOjQѫLQj\QѫLNLDFNJQJOjVӵWKұWPӝWVӵWKұW
ÿҫ\SKNJSKjQJ
0ҩ\K{PQD\WKӡLWLӃWFyҩPOrQÿ{LFK~WQKѭQJVѭѫQJP
Gj\KѫQViQJQjRUDFiLOӅXFNJQJѭӟWQKҽSÿLWUrQÿѭӡQJQKӳQJ
FѫQJLyWKәLTXDQJKHNK{QJFzQEXӕWQKѭQJOҥQKWUѭDWKuQҳQJ
QyQJ1KLӋWÿӝWKD\ÿәLNKiQKDQKÿӃQFiFYӏWURQJÿRjQ
EӏFҧPKRYjVәPNJLW{LFNJQJQjRFyKѫQJuĈLÿk\ÿyPjÿҫX
OkQJOkQJKDLFKkQFҧPJLiFED\ED\QKѭQJNLQKQJKLӋPÿLӅX
Qj\FNJQJWK~Yӏ1KLӅXNKLÿDQJÿLFҧPQJKHQJѭӡLQKҽEүQJ
OLrX[LrXWDLWK{QJYӟLPNJLkPWKDQKQyLUDQJKHӗPӗPWURQJ
WDLWKӣKҳWUDKѫLQyQJFKҥ\UDFKҥ\YjRQJKHFiLWDLQK~FQKtFK
ӗWK~YӏSKӃW
/ҥLNӇWLӃSQѫLÿk\[ѭDNK{QJFKӍFyPӝWÿҥLWULӋXSK~PjFy
WӟLKDLÿҥLWULӋXSK~1JѭӡLWKӭKDLFNJQJY{FQJQәLWLӃQJÿyOj
228
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
WtQQӳ9LVƗNKƗF{NK{QJFKӍQәLWLӃQJJLjXFyPjFzQQӭFWLӃQJ
[LQKÿҽS.LQKÿLӇQYjFK~JLҧLQyLUҵQJF{9LVƗNKƗFyVӭFPҥQK
WKӇFKҩWQKѭPӝWQDPQKLOӵFVƭFQJYҿÿҽSPӻPLӅXGX\rQGiQJ
WKӃJLDQNK{QJDLViQKÿѭӧF&{KӝLÿӫQăPYҿÿҽSFӫDPӻQKkQ
OjWyFGDWKӏW[ѭѫQJYyFYjWXәLWUҿ7yFF{ÿHQPѭӟWQKѭQKXQJ
WU{QJWӵDÿX{LF{QJNKL[}D[XӕQJGjLWұQJyWFKkQUӗLXӕQOѭӧQ
OrQÿѭӧFJӑLOj.HVƗNDশ\ƗQD 7yFPӻOӋ 'DF{WX\NK{QJSKҩQ
ViS YүQ WKҳP QKXұQ PӏQ PjQJ Yj WѭѫL WҳQ QKѭ FiQK VHQ PjX
WUҳQJKӗQJÿѭӧFJӑL&KDYLNDNDশ\ƗQD 'DPӻOӋ 0{LF{ÿӓKӗQJ
PӝW FiFK Wӵ QKLrQ QKѭ WUiL ³ELPED´ OҥL FzQ WѭѫL QKXұQ PӅP
PҥLYjJӧLFҧPÿѭӧFJӑLOj0DূVDNDশ\ƗQD 7KӏWPӻOӋ 5ăQJ
WUҳQJQKѭQJjNKtWNKDRÿӅXÿһQYjViQJQJӡLQKѭFKXӛLNLP
FѭѫQJNKpRNӃWNKLFѭӡLORQJODQKQKѭ[jFӯÿyOj$৬৬KLNDশ\ƗQD
;ѭѫQJPӻOӋ 9jWKӭQăPYҿÿҽSWѭѫLWUҿYyFGiQJPҧQKPDL
WKDQK[XkQҩ\FzQJLӳQJX\rQYҽQFKRÿӃQWXәLJLj1JѭӡLÿkX
YӯDJLjXÿҽSOҥLFyWҩPOzQJEDRGXQJYӟLQJѭӡLăQNҿӣ6DXNKL
TX\\YӟLĈӭF3KұWPӛLQJj\F{WKӍQKYӏWǤNKѭXYӅQKjÿӇ
ÿһWEiWYjF{[LQYӟLĈӭF3KұWWiPÿһFkQ
ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJ\ÿӃQFKѭ7ăQJDQFѭWҥL-HWƗUƗPDYLKƗUD
.Ǥ9LrQWӏQK[i FKRÿӃQWUӑQÿӡL
ĈѭӧF SKpS ÿһW EiW FKR FKѭ WǤNKѭX Wӯ SKѭѫQJ [D ÿӃQ
6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ ĈѭӧFSKpSÿһWEiWFKRFKѭWǤNKѭXUӡL6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJYұWWKӵFÿӃQQKӳQJYӏ6ѭÿDXӕPNK{QJ
ÿLNKҩWWKӵFÿѭӧF
229
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJYұWWKӵFÿӃQQKӳQJYӏ6ѭFKăPVyFFiFYӏ
6ѭÿDXӕP
ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJWKXӕFPHQFKRFKѭWǤNKѭXEӏEӋQK
ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJO~DPҥFKÿӃQFKRWǤNKѭX7ăQJ1L
ĈѭӧFSKpSGkQJ\WҳPPѭDÿӃQFKRFKѭWǤNKѭX1L
4XҧWKұWWiPÿһFkQQj\F{YjJLDÿuQKÿmWKӵFKLӋQWUӑQÿӡL
YӟLWkPOX{QKRDQKӹĈk\OjVӵWLQKWӃFӫDQJѭӡLQӳQKӳQJÿLӅX
WѭӣQJQKѭQKӓQKһWYұ\QKѭQJUҩWFҫQWKLӃW ÿLӅXWKӭWiP +{PNLDÿӃQFKDQJKHSKiS9LVƗNKƗJLDRFKRWǤQӳFKLӃF
iR FKRjQJ 0DKƗODWƗSDVƗGKDQD QәL WLӃQJ FKLӃF iR ÿѭӧF WKӧWKҫ\OjPWURQJEӕQWKiQJPӟL[RQJ.KLUDYӅÿLQӱDÿRҥQ
ÿѭӡQJF{WǤQӳKӕWKRҧQJWKѭD
7KѭD F{ FKӫ (P ÿm TXrQ NK{QJ FҫP FKLӃF iR FKRjQJ
0DKƗODWƗSDVƗGKDQDYӅUӗL
.K{QJVDRÿkXHPQyFKӍOjYұWQJRjLWKkQHPKm\WUӣOҥL
QӃXFKѭDFyDLÿөQJYjRHPKm\FҫPYӅQӃXÿmFyEҩWFӭYӏ6ѭ
QjRÿөQJYjRHPWUӣYӅÿk\QKpNK{QJFyYҩQÿӅJuFҧ
ĈLPӝWKӗLUӗLWUӣOҥLQJѭӡLWǤQӳQyL
7KѭDF{FKӫFKLӃFiRFKRjQJÿmÿѭӧFQJjLƖQDQGD $1DQ FҩWYjRNKRUӗLQJjLҩ\EҧRiRFKRjQJFӫDDLQJѭӡLҩ\VӁOҥLOҩ\
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
%ҥFKĈӭF7KӃ7{QK{PTXDÿӋWӱÿLQJKHSKiSWǤQӳFӫD
ÿӋ Wӱ Fy ÿӇ TXrQ FKLӃF iR FKRjQJ 0DKƗODWƗSDVƗGKDQD ӣ JLҧQJ
ÿѭӡQJÿӋWӱQJKƭQӃXFyYӏ6ѭQjRÿөQJYjRiRFRLQKѭ7ăQJÿm
WKӑQKұQYұWҩ\9jTXҧÿ~QJQKѭYұ\QJjLƖQDQGD $1DQ ÿm
FҩWYjRNKRYӟLOӡLQyLFӫDDLQJѭӡLҩ\VӁÿӃQOҩ\1D\ÿӋWӱ[LQ
WiFEҥFKEҵQJWKkQNKҭXF~QJGѭӡQJYұWҩ\ÿӃQ7DP%ҧR[LQ
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QFKӭQJPLQKFKRÿӋWӱ
9ұ\OjYұWҩ\WUӣWKjQKFӫD7ăQJ&kXFKX\ӋQVDXÿyF{
ÿmPDQJFKLӃFiRҩ\ÿLEiQTXDQKNLQKWKjQK6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ PjNK{QJWLӋPNLPKRjQQjRPXDQәLYjLEDWLӋPKQWLӅQPXD
FNJQJNK{QJQәL6DXFQJF{QKӡFiFYӏFyNLQKQJKLӋPWURQJ
OƭQKYӵFNLPKRjQÿӏQKJLiJL~SYjFKtQKPuQKPXDOҥLFKLӃFiR
FKRjQJҩ\6ӕWLӅQFyÿѭӧFF{GjQKPXDÿҩW[k\FҩWOrQWӏQK[i
3XEEƗUƗPD Ĉ{QJ3KѭѫQJ/ӝF0үX 9ұ\Ojӣ6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ OҥLFyWKrPPӝWQJ{LWӏQK[iQәLGDQKĈӭF3KұWWKѭӡQJOXLWӟL
QKұSKҥӣKDLWӏQK[iQj\WURQJVXӕWPDKҥ
1Jj\ QD\ 3XEEƗUƗPD Ĉ{QJ 3KѭѫQJ /ӝF 0үX FNJQJ FKӍ
FzQOjPӝWÿӗLJҥFKYөQOүQÿҩWYjLFk\PӑFFKѫYѫRҵQqRYѭѫQ
QKӳQJFjQKQKiQKNK~FNKӱXQtXOҥLFK~WWKӡLJLDQPӝWWKӡLKX\
KRjQJ&KLӅXWjQFK{QFKkQWUrQSKӃWtFKÿѭDWD\NpRWj\JLӳ
FK~WKѫLҩPW{LOҥLUӡLÿLVDXOѭQJPӝWWKXӣYjQJVRQJLӡKRDQJ
WjQJLyWKәLWӯQJFѫQEXӕWOҥQK
.K{QJVDRFҧÿkXHPFK~QJWDYӅWK{L
+{PVDXYӟLKRDYjKѭѫQJF{OҥLÿӃQWӏQK[iÿӇQJKHSKiS
VDXWKӡLSKiSF{QiQOҥL[LQJһSĈӭF3KұWYjWKѭD
230
231
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
-?cPPO`O[Oí†\U?VļĴ\U;ĮQ<ĝc
232
233
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
-:Vc†\dW}\9SbO`O[OdWVO`O:ńEW}\bĪ\Vft
234
235
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xvIIIŌƴOH3IDžƺOH7NJ
2ĮW1įíģ0\O\RO0=O\
236
237
.Ǥ;,;
Hãy dừng lại
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³$LGQJFiFKҥQKOjQK
;yDPӡEDRQJKLӋSiF
&KLӃXViQJF}LÿӡLQj\
1KѭWUăQJWKRiWNKӓLPk\´
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
Ō
{LFKkQSKLrXGXÿѭDW{LÿӃQErQPӝWQӅQPyQJJҥFKFNJ
ÿѭӧFJKLOjQѫLWѭӣQJQKӟQJjL$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\
1JѭӡL 1JjLVLQKUDWURQJJLDÿuQK%jODP{QKӳXGDQKӣ
6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ Qj\FKDQJjLOjYӏTXDQFKX\rQJLҧLQKӳQJÿLӅP
PӝQJWULӋXFKRÿӭFYXD3ƗVHQDGL %D7ѭ1һF ĈrPQJjLÿѭӧFVLQK
UDWҩWFҧYNJNKtWURQJNLQKWKjQKEӛQJEұWUDNKӓLYӓYjViQJQJӡLWӓ
U}NKtKXQJViWÿӃQNLQKQJѭӡLOjPFKRÿӭFYXDJLұWPuQKWӍQKJLҩF
6iQJ QJj\ ÿӭF YXD FKR JӑL Yӏ %jODP{Q ÿӃQ NӇ OҥL KLӋQ
WѭӧQJYNJNKtKӗLÿrP9ӏ%jODP{QELӃWPӝWYuVDRKXQJViWÿm
VLQKUDӣTXӕFÿӝQj\NK{QJDLNKiFOjFRQWUDLPuQKYӯDVLQK
UDÿrPUӗLÐQJOLӅQWuQKWKұWNӇOҥLYjWLrQÿRiQÿӭDWUҿOӟQOrQ
VӁWUӣWKjQKWrQFѭӟSViWQKkQWUѭӟFVDXJuFNJQJSKҧLJLӃWQyÿL
ÿӇWUӯKұXKӑD6DXNKLÿѭӧFELӃWNҿFѭӟSKXQJViWNLDVӁNK{QJ
SKѭѫQJKҥLJuÿӃQQJDLYjQJÿӭFYXDNKX\rQYӏ%jODP{QÿӭD
WUҿYӯDVLQKUDÿӓKӓQWӝLWuQKJuQrQFKRQyÿѭӧFVӕQJYjÿһW
WrQFKRWUҿOj$KLPVDND 9{+ҥL $KLPVDND 9{+ҥL FyWѭFKҩWWK{QJPLQKGƭQKQJӝYjFy
VӭFNKӓHSKLWKѭӡQJÐQJ%jODP{QQX{LGҥ\WUҿUҩWFҭQWKұQ
FKXÿiRFKRKӑFPӑLWKӭYӅWKѭѫQJ\rXWUiQK[DFiFORҥLYNJNKt
YұWVҳFQKӑQFyWtQKJLӃWFKyF
240
/ӟQ OrQ $KLPVDND 9{ +ҥL ÿѭӧF JӱL ÿӃQ WKjQK SKӕ
7DNNDVƯODÿӇWKөJLiRYӟLPӝWYӏ%jODP{QWjLJLӓL\ÿmWӓU}Wѭ
FKҩWKLӅQÿӭFWK{QJPLQKOӉSKpSELӃWYkQJOӡLOX{QQKmQKһQ
YӟLEҥQEq7UrQYҫQJWUiQFDRUӝQJNLDQKѭFKӭDFҧNLQKWKѭ
QJjQÿӡLFKjQJKӑFPӝWELӃWPѭӡLFKҷQJPҩ\PjKӑFKӃWVӣ
KӑFFӫDWKҫ\YjWLQKWK{QJVӱGөQJWҩWFҧFiFORҥLYNJNKt&KjQJ
FyPӝWWUiLWLPQKkQKұXGӏXGjQJOX{QÿӕL[ӱYӟLWKҫ\FQJYӧ
WKҫ\QKѭFKDPҽPuQK
9ӕQPүQWXӋÿҽSWUDLOҥLÿѭӧFYӧFKӗQJWKҫ\WKѭѫQJ\rX
EҥQ ÿӗQJ WUDQJ OӭD JKpW FKjQJ OҳP +ӑ OrQ NӃ KRҥFK ÿһW ÿLӅX
FKjQJ Fy Pӡ iP FKX\ӋQ WuQK FҧP YӟL Yӧ WKҫ\ &KX\ӋQ ÿiQK
WLӃQJ ÿӃQ Yӏ WKҫ\ {QJ Eӓ QJRjL WDL QKѭQJ QJj\ TXD QJj\ KӃW
QJѭӡLQj\QyLOҥLFyQJѭӡLNKiFPiFK{QJVLQKQJKLQrQÿӇê
ӮPjVDROҥVDRYӧPuQKWKѭѫQJ\rXQyTXiWKӃQKӍFiFKӑFWUz
NKiFEjFyQKѭYұ\ÿkXFKҳFKҷQFyFKX\ӋQWҵQJWӏXPӡiPӣ
ÿk\1JKƭWKӃOzQJ{QJEӛQJ[XҩWKLӋQViWWkP{QJPXӕQJLӃW
$KLPVDND 9{+ҥL QKѭQJQKѭYұ\VӁOjPX\WtQFӫD{QJVX\
JLҧPÐQJQJKƭUDFiFKNKiFKD\KѫQFKjQJVӁFKӃWPjNK{QJ
ҧQKKѭӣQJJuÿӃQ{QJ
+{PNLD{QJEҧR$KLPVDND 9{+ҥL UҵQJ
&RQÿmKӑFKӃWVӣKӑFFҧÿӡLFӫDWDFKӍFzQPӛL³PұWSKiS´
FXӕLFQJWK{LPұWSKiSQj\WUX\ӅQÿӡLPӛLÿӡLFKӍWUX\ӅQFKR
QJѭӡLJLӓLQKҩWFRQPXӕQKӑFFKӭ"
9uWkPFҫXKӑFFKjQJJұWÿҫXFKҳFQөL{QJOҥLEҧR
ĈӇKӑFÿѭӧFPұWSKiSQj\FҫQKLӃQPӝWQJjQPҥQJQJѭӡL
WKuPӟLKӑFÿѭӧFFRQFKҳFPXӕQKӑFFKӭ"
241
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
9uWkPFҫXKӑFFKjQJFNJQJOҥLJұWÿҫXYӟLYNJNKtÿѭӧFWUDQJ
EӏFKjQJWUӣWKjQKViWWKӫFKX\rQJLӃWQJѭӡLÿӇÿәLOҩ\PұWSKiS
1KѭQJJLӃWEDRQKLrXQJѭӡLUӗLFKjQJTXrQÿӇFKӭQJPLQKFKR
WKҫ\ÿmJLӃWÿӫQJѭӡLFKjQJFҳWQJyQWD\WUӓFӫDQҥQQKkQ
[kXOҥLÿHROrQFә
&KҷQJEDROkXNLQKWKjQK6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i9Ӌ [DRÿӝQJKӑÿӗQ
QKDXFyPӝWWRiQViWWKӫUҩWJKrJӟP[XҩWKLӋQ+ӑFKӍFKX\rQ
JLӃWQJѭӡLFKӭNK{QJFѭӟSFӫDFKѭDFyQҥQQKkQQjRWUӕQWKRiW
GѭӟLOѭӥLJѭѫPFӫDNҿWKӫiFQrQNK{QJFyQKkQFKӭQJNӇOҥL
5ӗLFiFFKX\ӃQEX{QUDNKӓLNLQKWKjQKQJѭӡLWDNӃWWKjQKÿӝL
OӟQ WKXr WKrP QJѭӡL EҧR WLrX QKѭQJ NK{QJ DL GiP QKұQ 9u
KXQJWKӫ[XҩWKLӋQQKѭTXӹWKҫQO~FQj\O~FNKiFWҥLQѫLQj\QѫL
NLDDLFNJQJӣWURQJWKjQKFKR\rQWkPĈӭQJWUѭӟFFiLFKӃWWLӅQ
EҥFFNJQJY{QJKƭDEX{QEiQJLDRWKѭѫQJÿuQKWUӋ&KX\ӋQÿӃQ
WDLÿӭFYXDQJjLOӋQKFKRPӝWYӏWѭӟQJTXkQYjWrQOtQKÿL
EҳWNҿWKӫiFYӅQKѭQJOҥWKD\QJѭӡLÿLPjNK{QJFyPӝW
QJѭӡLYӅFҧWULӅXÿuQKU~QJÿӝQJ
ĈӭFYXD3ƗVHQDGL %D7ѭ1һF TX\ӃWÿӏQKGүQTXkQÿLWLӉX
WUӯ Nҿ iF ViQJ PDL VӁ [XҩW SKiW ĈrP ҩ\ {QJ %jODP{Q NӇ
FKRYӧPuQKQJKH%ҵQJOLQKWtQKFӫDPӝWQJѭӡLPҽEjPѭӡQJ
WѭӧQJ ÿRiQ UҵQJ Nҿ ViW QKkQ NLD FKtQK Oj FRQ PuQK .KL ÿrP
FzQFKѭDViQJEjLPOһQJUӡLQKjÿLWuPFRQPuQKNKX\rQFRQ
WUӕQÿLYuÿӭFYXDYjTXkQÿӝLÿDQJÿӃQ&NJQJK{PÿyYӟLOzQJ
WӯELĈӭF3KұWELӃWUҵQJNҿKXQJEҥRNLDWLӅPWjQJGX\rQOjQK
FyFăQWUtVӁOmQKQJӝÿѭӧFJLiRSKiSQrQ1JjLÿm[XҩWKLӋQWҥL
NKXUӯQJ
242
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
6iQJ QJj\ NKL EuQK PLQK FzQ FKѭD Oy UҥQJ $ৄJXOLPƗOD
9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL ÿӃPFiFQJyQWD\WKuÿѭӧFQJyQ
FKӍFzQWKLӃXPӝWQJyQQӳDWK{L\VӁÿѭӧFNӃWKӯDPұWSKiS<
FҫPJѭѫPÿLWuPFRQPӗLFXӕLFQJWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJYjRUӯQJ
PӡVѭѫQJGiQJPӝWQJѭӡLÿjQEjKLӋQUD7UzQJPҳWNҿKXQJ
EҥRViQJOrQFRQPӗLFXӕLFQJÿk\UӗLÿӃQJҫQ\FKӧWQKұQ
UDQJѭӡLҩ\OjPҽPuQK«9jFKӧWÿkXPӝWYӏ6DP{Q[XҩWKLӋQ
NKRҧQJJLӳDQJѭӡLPҽYj$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL QrQ$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL FҫPJѭѫPUѭӧWWKHR
ĈӭF3KұWFҧGRWXҫQ NP \ÿmYұQKӃWVӭFOӵFEѭӟFFKҥ\
FӫD\QKDQKQKѭJLyÿҫXQJyQFKkQQKѭOѭӟWWUrQÿҫXQJӑQFӓ
Yұ\PjYүQNK{QJÿXәLNӏS{QJ6DP{QFyYҿXQJGXQJQKjQQKm
ÿLSKtDWUѭӟF«0ӗK{LPӗNrQKӉQKҥLÿҫXYiQJPҳWKRDKѫL
WKӣ GӗQ GұS WLP ÿұS QKѭ WUӕQJ WUұQ$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ 1JyQ
7D\1JѭӡL ÿmÿXӕLVӭFGӯQJFKkQOҥLFҩWWLӃQJJӑLOӟQUҵQJ
1j\{QJ6DP{QNLDGӯQJOҥL+m\GӯQJOҥL
ĈӭF3KұWELӃWFѫGX\rQÿLӇPKyDÿmÿӃQQrQFKkQ1JjLYүQ
NKRDQWKDLEѭӟFÿLFҩWJLӑQJSKҥPkPQyLYӑQJOҥL
1j\$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL 1Kѭ/DLÿmGӯQJ
OҥLOkXUӗL&KtQKFRQ&KtQKFRQPӟLOjQJѭӡLFKѭDFKӏXGӯQJOҥL
1JKHYұ\$ৄJXOLPƗODUҩWQJҥFQKLrQEqQQyL
1j\{QJ6DP{Q7ҥLVDRU}UjQJ{QJÿDQJÿLPj{QJOҥL
QyL³1Kѭ/DLÿmGӯQJOҥLUӗL´FzQW{LWKuÿDQJGӯQJOҥLQKѭQJ
{QJOҥLQyL³FKѭDFKӏXGӯQJ´"
ĈӭF3KұWKLӋQUDWKkQVҳFUӵFUӥTXDQJPLQKKjRTXDQJViX
PjXFKұSFKӡQGLÿӝQJUҧLWӯELWkPEDRSKӫWUӑQYҽQFRQQJѭӡL
FӫD$ৄJXOLPƗODFҩWJLӑQJQyLYӟLWiPWX\ӋWKҧR
243
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
1j\$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL 4XҧYұ\1Kѭ
/DLOjQJѭӡLÿmGӯQJOҥLOkXUӗL1Kѭ/DLÿmGӯQJOҥLÿDRGӯQJ
OҥLWUѭӧQJGӯQJOҥLYjWӯEӓWҩWFҧPӑLVӵJLӃWKҥLÿӕLYӟLFK~QJ
VDQKGӯQJOҥLFRQÿѭӡQJWӝLiF&zQFRQFKtQKFRQPӟLOjQJѭӡL
FKѭDFKӏXGӯQJÿDRWUѭӧQJFKѭDFKӏXGӯQJOҥLVӵViWKҥLFK~QJ
VDQKFKѭDFKӏXGӯQJOҥLFRQÿѭӡQJWӝLiF
;LQĈӭF7KӃ7{QKm\UӡLÿLNKXUӯQJQj\FyNҿViWQKkQ
UҩWQJX\KLӇPVӧUҵQJ\VӁKҥLÿӃQ1JjL
/ӡLQyLGӏXQJӑWYӟLkPÿLӋXWURQJYҳWQKѭJLӑWVѭѫQJPDL
WUrQÿҫXQ~LYjêQJKƭDFӫDOӡLQyLҩ\FӫDĈӭF7KӃ7{QQKѭ[Ri\
VkX YjR WkP WUt$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ 1JyQ 7D\ 1JѭӡL OjP OD\
ÿӝQJWKӭFWӍQKJLҩFQJӫPrPDQFӫDY{PLQKYjYӑQJQJKLӋS
WUҧOҥLFKR$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL NKRҧQJWUӡLEuQK
PLQK WѭѫL ViQJ ÿҫX ÿӡL &KjQJ FKӧW Pӣ OӟQ ÿ{L PҳW UD ÿӭQJ
VӳQJOҥLEjQJKRjQJ
1ӃXNҿiFEk\JLӡÿmWUӣWKjQKNҿWKLӋQOѭѫQJYj[LQ[XҩW
JLDWKuÿҥLYѭѫQJÿӕL[ӱWKӃQjR"
.tQKOҥ\ĈӭF7KӃ7{Q&RQELӃWWӝLUӗL7ӯÿk\FRQ[LQ
QJX\ӋQWӯEӓYƭQKYLӉQÿDRWUѭӧQJWӯEӓYƭQKYLӉQEjQWD\Yҩ\
PiXWjQKҥLFK~QJVDQK0RQJ1JjLPLQKFKӭQJFKRVӵViPKӕL
WKjQKNKҭQYjWKLӃWWKDQj\
%ҥFKWKӃ[RQJ$ৄJXOLPƗOD 9zQJ1JyQ7D\1JѭӡL ÿӭQJ
Gұ\ Eҿ FXQJ WrQ JLiR QpP ÿDR NLӃP [XӕQJ YӵF VkX TXăQJ
YzQJKRDQJyQWD\QJѭӡLTXDErQNLDVѭӡQQ~LWKjQKNtQKÿҧQK
OӉGѭӟLEjQFKkQEөLFӫDĈӭF3KұWUӗL[LQ[XҩWJLD
0ӝWNҿJLӃWQJѭӡLKXQJEҥRÿm[XҩWJLDQKѭYұ\ÿy
;ӃWUѭDYXD3ƗVHQDGL %D7ѭ1һF YӟLQăPORҥLTXkQEӏÿDQJ
UQJUQJQKҳPKѭӟQJNKXUӯQJÿLÿӃQWKҩ\ĈӭF3KұWÿDQJQJӗL
ErQYӋÿѭӡQJÿӭFYXDJKpYjRFKjRKӓLSKҧLSKpSUӗLQyL
244
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QWUҩQDQÿӭFYXDUӗLQyL
+yDUDQJjLGүQTXkQÿLEҳWNҿiFVDR"
9kQJSKҧLUӗLFKӍEҳWNҿiF
1ӃXQJѭӡLҩ\ÿm[XҩWJLDFRQ[LQF~QJGѭӡQJ\EiWYjKӝ
ÿӝWӭVӵFKRYӏҩ\FRQVӁÿҧQKOӉYӏҩ\QKѭQJPjNҿiFQj\ÿm
JLӃWQJѭӡLWURQJWKӡLJLDQGjL\JLӃWQJѭӡLYuWK~YXLFKӭNK{QJ
YuWLӅQEҥFKD\PөFÿtFKJuNKiFQrQVӁNK{QJFyFKX\ӋQQJѭӡL
ҩ\ÿLWXÿkX
ĈӭF3KұWFKӍYӏWǤNKѭXErQFҥQKYjQyL
Ĉk\OjFRQWUDLFӫD1Kѭ/DLQJѭӡLÿmEӓÿDRWUѭӧQJUӡL[D
FRQÿѭӡQJWӝLiF1D\ÿҥLYѭѫQJKm\ÿҧQKOӉYӏҩ\YjÿHPTXkQ
WUӣYӅWӯQD\NKXUӯQJQj\DQWRjQNK{QJFzQNҿJLӃWKҥLQӳD
1JKHYұ\ÿӭFYXDWyFO{QJGӵQJÿӭQJJLұWPuQKÿӭQJGұ\
QKuQYӏWkQWǤNKѭXQj\Wӯ\WRiWUDYҿWUҫPәQQKѭQJӑQQ~Lÿi
QJjQQăPNK{QJFyJuOjKXQJiFQKѭOӡLÿӗQĈӭFYXDTXǤQăP
YyFÿҧQKOӉYӏWǤNKѭXYjQyL
.KLQjRFҫQWӭVӵ[LQQJjLKm\FKRFRQELӃWFRQ[LQF~QJ
GѭӡQJWӭVӵÿӃQQJjLWUӑQÿӡLFRQ
9ұ\OjNҿJLӃWQJѭӡL[ѭDJLӡÿmÿѭӧFÿӭFYXDYjSKiS3KұW
EҧRYӋYӏҩ\ÿLEiWWURQJNLQKWKjQK1KӳQJJLDÿuQKFyQJѭӡLEӏ
Yӏҩ\JLӃWKӑWKKҵQQrQOpQQpPÿiQpPJҥFKKRһFTXăQJFKҩW
245
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
EҭQYjRYӏҩ\.KLQjRÿLEiWYӅ\FNJQJUiFKEuQKEiWEӏYӥOҩP
OHPPiXEөLYӏҩ\YүQKRDQKӹQӣPӝWQөFѭӡL&ѭӡLFKRTXi
NKӭFӫDPuQKFѭӡLFKRQKkQTXҧ+{PNLDÿDQJÿLEiWWKҩ\QKj
ErQÿѭӡQJFyQJѭӡLÿDQJWUӣGҥNKtKXQJViWFzQGѭVyWNKLӃQ
³ÿӭDEpVӧTXi´QrQQJѭӡLPҽÿDXÿӟQPjNK{QJVLQKHPEp
ÿѭӧFĈLEiWYӅ1JjLWuPJһSĈӭF3KұWWKѭDUҵQJ
%ҥFKĈӭF7KӃ7{QFRQPXӕQJL~SQJѭӡLSKөQӳҩ\QKѭQJ
NK{QJELӃWSKҧLOjPVDR"
3KұWGҥ\UҵQJ
1j\FRQWUDLFRQKm\ÿӃQÿҩ\YjQyLOӡLFKkQWKұWWK{LWKӃ
OjÿѭӧF
9ұ\Oj1JjLÿLÿӃQQJ{LQKjFyVҧQSKөÿDQJFKӏXÿDXÿӟQ
NLDNKӣLWӯWkPYjQyLOrQOӡLFKkQWKұWQKѭVDX
1j\FKӏ7ӯQJj\W{LÿѭӧFVLQKYjRGzQJWKiQKW{LFKѭD
WӯQJFyêViWKҥLPҥQJVӕQJFӫDVLQKOLQKQjR0RQJQKӡVӵWKұW
Qj\FҫXFKRFKӏÿѭӧFDQOjQKYjÿӭDEpVҳSVDQKFӫDFKӏFNJQJ
ÿѭӧFDQOjQK
/ҥOQJWKD\VDXOӡLQyLFKkQWKұWFӫD1JjLFKiXEpVLQKUD
NKӓHPҥQKYjQJѭӡLPҽFNJQJNK{QJKӅÿDXÿӟQ1Jj\QD\OӡL
FKkQWKұWFӫD1JjLFNJQJFzQOLQKQJKLӋPOҳP0ӛLNKLFyQJѭӡL
VҳSOkPEӗQFKѭ7ăQJWKѭӡQJKD\WөQJÿӑFOҥLOӡLQj\YjO~FQjR
FNJQJPҽWUzQFRQYX{QJFҧ
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
&yQJѭӡLEҥFK3KұW
%ҥFKĈӭF7KӃ7{Q9ӟLQJKLӋSViWQKѭYұ\Yӏҩ\VӁYӅÿkX"
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QQyL
&RQWUDLFӫD1Kѭ/DLÿm9{Gѭ1LӃWEjQUӗL
5ӗL1JjLQyLOrQEjLNӋ
³$LGQJFiFK̩QKOjQK
;yDPͥEDRQJKL͏SiF
&KL͇XViQJF}LÿͥLQj\
1K˱WUăQJWKRiWNK͗LPk\´
ĈӇWѭӣQJQKӟ1JjLQJѭӡLÿmEӓÿDREӓWUѭӧQJOұSWӭFJLiF
QJӝQrQQJѭӡLWDÿm[k\OrQQJ{LWKiSQj\1Jj\QD\WKiSQj\
FKӍFzQOҥLQӅQJҥFKFNJQKuQYүQWKҩ\QJѭӡLWDGQJÿҩWVpWWKD\
YӳDQӕLJLӳDFiFYLrQJҥFK
0ӝW QJѭӡL YӟL ViW QJKLӋS NKӫQJ NKLӃS QKѭ Yұ\ 1JjL WX
ÿѭӧFFzQFiFEҥQYӟLFiFKҥQKOjQKYӟLFiFWKLӋQGX\rQÿDQJ
FyVDRFiFEҥQNK{QJWXÿLQKӍ"
ĈӯQJFKӯQJFKӡQӳDKm\GӯQJOҥLÿLKm\GӯQJOҥL
%rQWKӅPJҥFKFNJPӝWYҥWQҳQJUѫLQJKLrQJQJKLrQJ&KLӃF
OiNK{FRQJTXHRQҵPOҿORLFKӡJLyÿHPYӅFӝL
1Jj\QjRFNJQJEӏTXăQJÿiEӏQpPJұ\YӃWWKѭѫQJPӟLOҥL
FKӗQJOrQYӃWWKѭѫQJFNJVӭFNKӓHGҫQVX\NLӋWNK{QJEDROkX
VDXYӏҩ\DQ\rQWKӏWӏFKWURQJYzQJWD\FӫDKX\QKÿӋPuQK
246
247
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
248
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
249
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
250
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
251
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
252
Kỳ xIx+ƏZEdžOHMƑJ
253
.Ǥ;;
Bảo tháp
RamagRama
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7UӡLFDRQKҧ[XӕQJQKӳQJWLDQҳQJҩP[X\rQTXDPjQ
VѭѫQJ[X\rQTXDOjQKѫLQѭӟFEӕFOrQWӯPһWKӗEҧRWKiS
OҥLQKѭÿѭӧFGiWYjQJOXQJOLQKҩPiSJҫQJNJL7UrQQӅQ
Fӓ[DQKEҧRWKiSQәLOrQQKѭED\OѫOӱQJWURQJVѭѫQJVӟP
WKұWOj3KұWFҧQKJLӳDQKkQJLDQW{LFKҩSWD\NtQKOӉ´
Kỳ xx%ƐPijƎQ5BNBHSBNB
ÿӯQJ[HPQKҽQKӳQJYLӋFOjPQKӓQKѭYұ\QKp%ӕWKtFӫDFҧL
YұWFKҩWGүXFyQKLӅXFNJQJFKӍOjEӕWKtEұFKҥQKѭQJEӕWKtVӭF
OӵFWKXӝFEӕWKtEұFWUXQJÿҩ\
N
KӳQJ ÿrP VѭѫQJ OҥL WLӃS QJj\ QҳQJ UӡL 6ƗYDWWKƯ ;i
9Ӌ ÿLӇP ÿӃQ WLӃS WKHR FӫD ÿRjQ FK~QJ W{L Oj ÿL ÿӃQ
ELrQJLӟLҨQÿӇVDQJ1HSDO7ӟLÿk\ÿRjQÿmÿLÿѭӧF
QӱDWKӡLJLDQFӫDFXӝFKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWÿm
KѫQNPWӯ1HSDOTXD\WUӣOҥLFK~QJW{LWtQKOjYzQJYӅ
+{P NLD ErQ ÿѭӡQJ W{L WKҩ\ KDL QJѭӡL ÿjQ {QJ ÿDQJ Jz
OѭQJÿҭ\[HWU{QJKӑOӑWWKӓPJLӳDQKӳQJKjQJKyDFKҩWÿҫ\
[H.K{QJFҫQSKҧLVX\QJKƭW{LFKҥ\VDQJJKpYDLSKөKӑÿҭ\
OrQFRQGӕFUӗLWURQJÿRjQFNJQJFyQJѭӡLVDQJSKөFQJ.KL
[HÿmOrQÿӍQKGӕFFK~QJW{LFѭӡL[zDWUӣYӅÿRjQWLӃSWөFFXӝF
KjQKWUuQK
1Jj\FzQEpO~FW{LWҫPWXәLJuÿҩ\W{LÿLFKӧQҩX
ăQ FKR Fҧ FKD WKѭӡQJ O~F YӅ ÿӃQ FKkQ Q~L W{L SKҧL FӣL iR
[ҳQTXҫQÿҭ\[HOrQGӕF7KXӣҩ\FKDFzQVѫNKDLQKӳQJFRQ
ÿѭӡQJGӕFÿҩWÿiOӣPFKӣPYjFDRNK{QJQKѭEk\JLӡ9ӯDÿҭ\
[HW{LYӯDPRQJѭӟFJuFyQJѭӡLJL~SPuQKYѭӧWTXDQKӳQJFRQ
GӕFQj\QKӍ"1KѭQJѭӟFPѫFNJQJFKӍOjPѫѭӟFO~Fҩ\Q~LUӯQJ
YҳQJWDQKFKӍFyJLyQ~LYjPk\QJjQFKӭQjRFyDL1KӡQKӳQJ
QJj\EpYҩWYҧNKәODRÿmKXQÿ~FQrQW{LNKӓHPҥQKEk\JLӡ
QKuQWKҩ\QKӳQJKRjQFҧQKFҫQJL~SOjW{LJL~SQJD\0ӑLQJѭӡL
256
'ӑFFRQÿѭӡQJQj\FK~QJW{LJһSUҩWQKLӅXFKLPKҥFÿҫX
ÿӓFK~QJWKѭӡQJÿLWKHRWӯQJÿ{L0DQj\FyQKӳQJÿ{LGүQ
WKHRFRQFӫDPuQKÿӭQJJLӳDÿӗQJWuPNLӃPWKӭFăQWKҩ\FK~QJ
WӵGROӟQSKәQJSKDR[LQKÿҽSNLrXVDTXêSKiLOzQJW{LFҧP
WKҩ\YXLWKHRPRQJFKRFK~QJÿѭӧFEuQK\rQ
ĈRjQFK~QJW{L[LQQJKӍOҥLFKD:DW7KDL 7KiL/DQ ӣYQJELrQJLӟLҨQĈӝPӝWK{PÿӇOjPYLVDVDQJ1HSDO$LFy
9LVDҨQ[LQYLVD1HSDOGӉWK{L1KѭQJFyPӝWÿLӇPFҫQOѭXê
NKL[LQYLVDҨQĈӝSKҧLÿăQJNêORҥLYjRҨQÿѭӧFQKLӅXOҫQ&y
QKLӅXQJѭӡL[LQYLVDҨQORҥLPӝWOҫQTXD1HSDONK{QJTXD\YӅ
ҨQĈӝÿѭӧF
0jFNJQJOҥWKD\ҨQĈӝYj1HSDOKDLTXӕFJLDFKXQJÿѭӡQJ
ELrQJLӟLFiFKQKDXFyPҩ\EѭӟFFKkQWK{LQKѭQJErQҨQWKu
FzQOҥQKOҳPPjEѭӟFFKkQVDQJ1HSDOWKuQҳQJWyHOӱD*Kp
YӝLErQÿѭӡQJFK~QJW{LFӣLEӟWYjLOӟSiRPӟLWLӃSWөFÿLÿѭӧF
FKӭ\iRPҩ\OӟSÿLQyQJTXi7KzWD\NpRiRWKҩ\GDWD\JLӡ
ÿmÿHQÿLXQKăQQKHRQJj\ÿLPjX\QKXӝPOrQGDJLӡPjXGD
QKXӝPOrQ\
ĈLӇPÿӃQÿҫXWLrQFӫDFK~QJW{LWUrQÿҩW1HSDOOj%ҧRWKiS
5DPDJUDPD5HOLF6WXSDĈk\OjEҧRWKiSFzQQJX\rQYҽQQKҩW
WKHRW{LÿѭӧFELӃW%ҧRWKiSÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJEҵQJJҥFK9jÿk\
Oj PӝW WURQJ PѭӡL WKiS WKӡ ;iOӧL 3KұW VӟP QKҩW ÿѭӧF [k\
GӵQJ1JD\VDXNKLQKөFWKkQÿӭF7KӃ7{QWUjWǤ;iOӧLÿѭӧF
257
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
FKLDFKRWiPQѭӟF7KrPPӝWQѭӟFÿӃQPXӝQKӑ[LQSKҫQWUR
WjQNKLWKLrXÿӇYӅOjPWKiSWKӡ%jODP{Q'RQDQJѭӡLÿӭQJ
UDFKLD;iOӧL[LQFiFYӏYXDFKR{QJJLӳOҥLFiLFkQ FyQѫL
FzQJӑLOjFiLJiR GQJÿӇFKLD;iOӧLÿHPYӅTXrKѭѫQJ{QJ
OjPWKiSWKӡ7KiS5DPDJUDPD5HOLF6WXSDQj\OjPӝWWURQJ
PѭӡL%ҧRWKiSÿҫXWLrQÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJQJD\VDXNKLĈӭF3KұW
QKұS1LӃWEjQ
7ӟLWKӡLYXD$VRND $'өF QJjLFKҩQKѭQJ3KұWJLiRYj
FXQJWKӍQK;iOӧLWӯWҩWFҧWiPWKiSOӟQÿӇW{QWKӡWҥLFiFQѫL
WUrQWRjQÿҩWQѭӟFFӫDQJjLO~Fҩ\7KiSFyFiLFkQOjGX\QKҩW
NK{QJNKDLPӣ9j%ҧRWKiS5DPDJUDPD5HOLF6WXSDQj\NKL
SKiLÿRjQFӫDYXD$VRND $'өF ÿӃQÿӇFXQJWKӍQK;iOӧLWKu
JһSSKҧLVӵFҧQWUӣFӫDORjLUӗQJ/RjLUӗQJ[LQEҧRYӋ;iOӧLӣ
WKiSQj\Yj[LQÿӭFYXDKRDQKӹYuÿLӅXÿy/RjLUӗQJQyLUҵQJ
PһFGKӑFyWKҫQOӵFQKѭQJYүQOjWKkQV~FVLQKNK{QJFy
QKLӅXYLӋFSKѭӟFWKLӋQÿӇOjPKӑUҩWKRDQKӹWKӡSKөQJF~QJ
GѭӡQJYjEҧRYӋ;iOӧLQѫLÿk\7Kҩ\KӑQyLFKtWuQKFKtOêQrQ
ÿӭFYXDFKҩSWKXұQ7KұWUDORjLUӗQJNK{QJQJҥLÿӭFYXDKӑ
NtQKQӇQKӳQJYӏ$ODKiQÿLFXQJQJKLQK;iOӧLQrQ[LQSKpS
UҩWSKҧLOӁWKӃOjEҧRWKiS;iOӧLFzQQJX\rQ
7KӃNӹ,,,ÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJQJѭӡL7KiLKjQKKѭѫQJYLӃQJFiF
7KiQKWtFKFyJKpQѫLQj\YjJKLFKpSOҥLYjLFKLWLӃWWK~Yӏ
7UҧLTXDKѫQEҧ\WKӃNӹPѭDQҳQJ%ҧRWKiS5DPDJUDPD
5HOLF6WXSDYүQNK{QJFyFk\QjRPӑFErQWUrQWKiSFiFK%ҧR
WKiS WҫP P YӅ SKtD EҳF Oj GzQJ$QRPD FRQ V{QJ WURQJ
[DQKGjLKѫQGRWXҫQ NP FKҧ\YӅSKtDQDP .XVLQƗUƗ
258
Kỳ xx%ƐPijƎQ5BNBHSBNB
&kX7KL&D QJj\QD\ FiFK%ҧRWKiSGRWXҫQ NP YӅSKtD
Wk\OjNLQKWKjQK.DSLODYDWWKX &D7Ǥ/D9Ӌ %ҩ\OkXQD\W{LFӭÿLWuPFRQV{QJ$QRPDQj\PjNK{QJ
ELӃWӣÿkXQD\ELӃWW{LKRDQKӹTXiFRQV{QJQj\%ӗWiWÿmFѭӥL
QJӵD.D৆৬KDND .LӅQ7UҳF YѭӧWTXDÿӇ[XҩWJLDWҫPÿҥR
ĈӃQ WKӃ Nӹ 9 QKj KjQK KѭѫQJ QJѭӡL 7UXQJ 4XӕF )D[LDQ
3KiS+LӇQ NKLYLӃQJFiF7KiQKWtFKFNJQJJKpQѫLQj\
7KӃ Nӹ WKӭ 9,, QKj KjQK KѭѫQJ QәL WLӃQJ ĈѭӡQJ +X\ӅQ
7UDQJNKLVDQJ7k\YӵFWKӍQKNLQKFNJQJWӯQJJKpOҥLQѫLÿk\Yj
Fy JKL FKpS OҥL PӝW YjL FKL WLӃW WKiS 5DPDJUDPD 5HOLF 6WXSD
FDRPYjUӝQJPQҵPWUѫWUӑLFҥQKQKӳQJKӗQѭӟFWKLrQJ
QJѭӡLGkQJӑLQѫLÿk\OjYQJÿҩWNǤOҥYuFk\FӓNK{QJPӑF
ÿѭӧFӣÿҩ\
7KӡLJLDQWU{LQKDQKWKѭѫQJKҧLWDQJÿLӅQEҧRWKiSJҥFK
[ѭDJLӡFKӍFzQOjPӝWÿӗLJҥFKPӫQUDWKjQKÿҩWErQUuDÿӗLFy
PӝWFӝLFk\WRVXP[Xr[DQKWӕW;XQJTXDQKOjPӝWUӯQJFk\Yj
Y{VӕDRKӗ6DXQj\6XNUD6DJUD6KUHVWKDWKXӝFKLӋSKӝL'2$
'HSDUWPHQWRI$UFKDHRJRO\.KRD.KҧRFәKӑF FyGүQSKiL
ÿRjQÿӃQÿӇNKDLTXұWQѫLÿk\OҥLJһSKDLQJѭӡLYұQEҥFK\QyL
UҵQJQѫLÿk\ÿѭӧFORjLUӗQJEҧRYӋQrQNK{QJÿѭӧFÿөQJÿӃQ/j
PӝWQJѭӡLFKX\rQYӅNKҧRFәKӑF{QJNK{QJVӧJuFKX\ӋQWkP
OLQKUӗQJKD\TXӹQKѭQJPӟLÿjRQJj\ÿҫXWLrQPjPҩ\QJѭӡL
WURQJÿRjQNK{QJEӋQKWӵQKLrQOăQÿQJUDFKӃWWKӃOjQKӳQJ
QJѭӡLÿjREӟLQKӳQJQJѭӡLSKөYLӋFFKRFXӝFNKҧRFәҩ\QJѭӡL
WDQKҩWTX\ӃWNK{QJÿөQJYjRÿҩWFӫDNKXYӵFEҧRWKiSQӳDYj
EҧRWKiSPӝWOҫQQӳDOҥLQJX\rQYҽQFKRWӟLQD\
259
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xx%ƐPijƎQ5BNBHSBNB
1Jj\QD\QѫLÿk\ÿѭӧFFKtQKSKӫ1HSDO[ӃSKҥQJGLWtFKYj
EҧRYӋ1KѭQJFiFSKiLÿRjQGXOӏFKWKѭӡQJEӓTXDÿӃQÿk\FKӍ
ÿӇQKuQPӝWÿӗLÿҩWFyOӁNK{QJFyJuWK~Yӏ&zQYӟLFK~QJW{L
WKuNKiF%ҧRWKiS5DPDJUDPD5HOLF6WXSDOjÿLӇPÿӃQÿҫXWLrQ
WUrQÿҩW1HSDOĈӃQÿk\QJRjLWөQJNLQKFҫXQJX\ӋQÿrPQD\
WҩWFҧFK~QJW{LQJX\ӋQӣJLӳDWUӡLÿrPNK{QJPiLFKHÿӇF~QJ
GѭӡQJ7DP%ҧR
Ӣÿk\WөQJNLQKPjQJѭӡLW{LFӭPӑFӕFQәLGDJjQJӗL
WKLӅQWKuQLӅPKӹOҥFPҥQKTXiQJѭӡLFӭPXӕQEӕFOrQNKӓL
PһWÿҩW7KұWOjKRDQKӹNKLӣQѫLÿk\GӣJLӳDWUӡLNK{QJ
PiLFKHWKuFyVDRÿkXW{LWKұWVӵKRDQKӹTXiĈrPiQKWUăQJ
WUHRWUrQFDRQJKLrQJQJKLrQJWӓDiQKViQJOjQKOҥQKPӡPӡ
TXDPjQVѭѫQJ
0ӟLQJӗL[tXPjSKѭѫQJĈ{QJPһWWUӡLÿmPӑFÿrPQD\
WKӡL JLDQ GѭӡQJ QKѭ WU{L QKDQK KѫQ WKu SKҧL7{L ÿҧQK OӉ %ҧR
WKiSYjQKLӉXTXDQKEDYzQJÿӃQO~FSKҧLUӡLÿLW{LÿLUD[DPӝW
ÿRҥQÿӭQJQKuQ%ҧRWKiS7UӡLFDRQKҧ[XӕQJQKӳQJWLDQҳQJҩP
[X\rQTXDPjQVѭѫQJ[X\rQTXDOjQKѫLQѭӟFEӕFOrQWӯPһWKӗ
%ҧRWKiSOҥLQKѭÿѭӧFGiWYjQJOXQJOLQKҩPiSJҫQJNJL7UrQ
QӅQFӓ[DQK%ҧRWKiSQәLOrQQKѭED\OѫOӱQJWURQJVѭѫQJVӟP
WKұWOj3KұWFҧQKJLӳDQKkQJLDQW{LFKҩSWD\NtQKOӉ
260
261
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
262
Kỳ xx%ƐPijƎQ5BNBHSBNB
263
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xx%ƐPijƎQ5BNBHSBNB
1ğ]bVt^AO[OU`O[OASZWQBbO^O
264
265
.Ǥ;;,
Viếng thăm
quê hương Phật mẫu
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7KұWYLQKKҥQKWKD\PҧQKÿҩWQj\
7KұWKLKӳXWKD\WKiQKÿӏDOLQKWKLrQJQj\
1ѫLOLQKNKtWUӡLÿҩWKӝLWөNӃWWLQKQrQQKӳQJFRQQJѭӡL
WROӟQKѫQFҧVӵYƭÿҥLWUtWXӋVLrXYLӋWYѭӧWPӑLNK{QJWKӡLJLDQ´
Kỳ xxI9JƦOHijƙNRVƤIDžƺOH3IƘU0ƖV
1JKHYұ\FKkQWӵQKLrQJLұWJLұWKuQKQKѭQyFNJQJELӃWVӧ
0jWKұWQҳQJQyQJOrQPһWÿѭӡQJJLӳDWUѭDEӕFKѫLORDQJORiQJ
QKLӅXYӏÿLFKkQWUҫQNK{QJSKӗQJUӝSPӟLOjFKX\ӋQOҥNӇFҧ
FiFYӏÿLJLj\GpSFNJQJNK{QJKѫQJuDLUӗLFNJQJERQJUӝSÿӃQ
TXHQWKuWK{L
Ō
LӇP ÿӃQ WLӃS WKHR FӫD ÿRjQ Oj TXr KѭѫQJ KRjQJ KұX
0DKƗPƗ\DOjPүXWKkQFӫD%ӗWiWQJѭӡLFyF{QJÿӭF
OӟQÿmKRjLWKDLYjVLQKKҥFKRQKkQORҥLPӝWFRQQJѭӡL
NLӋW[XҩWQJѭӡLVDXQj\ÿmWUӣWKjQK3KұWPDQJÿӃQY{OѭӧQJ
SK~FOҥFFKRPX{QORjLVLQKOLQK
9QJQj\VѭѫQJPO~FKÿӃQKGj\OҳPÿӝKQҳQJOrQ
NKLҩ\VѭѫQJWDQTXDKWK{LWKuQKѭÿәOӱDĈLPӝWÿRҥQÿѭӡQJ
PjPӗK{LPҽPӗK{LFRQWKHRQKDXWӯQJGzQJFKҧ\[XӕQJĈL
QKѭFK~QJW{LWKұWVӵO~FOҥQKVӁGӉFKӏXKѫQFKӭQyQJÿәPӗ
K{LQJѭӡLUtWUiWNKyFKӏXPӗK{LUDQKLӅXPҩWQKLӅXPXӕLQJѭӡL
FNJQJFKyQJOҧKѫQ
&iFYӏWURQJÿRjQOҥLQyLYXLYӟLQKDX
ĈLPDOҥQKÿӕWPӥÿӇVѭӣLÿLPDQyQJPӥFNJQJEӕFKѫL
KӃWOҥQKKD\QyQJPӥFNJQJNK{QJFzQWҽRQjROҩ\JuUDPӥPiXYӟL
WLӇXÿѭӡQJKyDUDOҥQKFNJQJKD\SKӃWYjQҳQJFNJQJWX\ӋWYӡLÿyFKӭ
&iFYӏFzQQyLYӟLQKDX
ĈLYұ\Pҩ\NKLERQJUӝSFKkQÿkXFKӍERQJUӝSPӝWOҫQ
PDOҥQKYjPӝWOҫQPDQyQJPӛLPDFKӍÿDXFKӯQJKDLFKөF
QJj\OjTXHQVӁKӃWÿDXWK{L
268
&RQ ÿѭӡQJ YӅ TXr Pҽ 1JjL WKұW ÿҽS QKӳQJ ÿӗQJ O~D PǤ
[DQKPѭӟWÿDQJÿӝWUәÿzQJÿzQJĈRjQFK~QJW{LEăQJTXDFiQK
ÿӗQJNKLEuQKPLQKOrQJLӳDQӅQ[DQKFӫDO~DEyQJ\YjQJWKҩS
WKRiQJWURQJVѭѫQJQKuQPrWtW7UҧLGjLWKHRQKӳQJGҧLEӡUXӝQJ
FRQJFRQJFҧÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJFNJQJXӕQOѭӧQKӑDPӝWQpWWKұW
PӅP7{LOX{QWKtFKKuQKҧQKFk\O~DGOjPҥQRQÿDQJWKuFRQ
JiLOrQÿzQJKD\FKtQUXӝPĈһFELӋWKuQKҧQKFk\O~DNKLFKtQ
PDQJQKӳQJE{QJO~DQһQJWUƭXF~LÿҫXWU{QJWKұWNKLrPWӕQĈk\
WKұWOjEjLKӑFWӯWKLrQQKLrQFӓFk\O~DFjQJFKtQFjQJF~LÿҫX
ĈDQJÿLFK~QJW{LJһSPҩ\FK~KҥFÿҫXÿӓNLrXVDYXLYҿNLӃP
ăQ&ҧÿRjQÿLWURQJLPOһQJYjTXDQViWNK{QJPXӕQOjPFiFFK~
FKLPJLұWPuQK1KѭQJNKLFK~QJW{LGӗQKӃWiQKQKuQYjREҫ\
KҥF6ӕYj$ORNDQKѭFҧPQKұQÿѭӧFEӣLWKѭӡQJFK~QJUҩWÿѭӧF
TXDQWkPKDLFK~WӭFPuQKFKҥ\ÿӃQUѭӧWNKLӃQONJFKLPJLұWPuQK
ED\OrQWKҧUѫLYjLWLӃQJNrXUӗLOѭӧQYzQJWUrQNK{QJ¬WKuUDOj
KDLFRQEӕQFKkQSKiEƭQKFK~QJNrXOrQQKѭPҳQJPӓ
ĈӗONJFӡKy
6ӕYj$ORNDOjFKyWKұWQKѭQJNKLEӏNrXFӡKyQyYүQOӗQJ
OӝQVӫDQKһQJ[ӏ
ÈFiLONJFKkQGjLELӃWED\FyQJRQWKu[XӕQJÿk\{QJFKR
ELӃWPLUăQJ
269
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7U{QJONJFKyYjFKLPFmLYmPjDLFNJQJFѭӡL
+ӃW UXӝQJ ÿӗQJ WӟL QKӳQJ UӯQJ Fk\ VƗOD WR JLj FӛL WKҷQJ
WҳSVƗODQj\QӣKRDWUҳQJWUrQÿҫXFjQKOjORҥLJKLWURQJNLQK
ÿLӇQ%ӗWiWÿѭӧFKҥVLQKGѭӟLWiQFk\VƗODYjĈӭF3KұWFNJQJ
QKұS 1LӃWEjQ GѭӟL WiQ KDL Fk\ VƗOD Qj\ 6ƗOD Oj Fk\ PӝF Fy
WKkQOӟQWKҷQJJӛUҩWFKҳFQKѭFk\JӛGҫXFӫD9LӋW1DPOiQy
WѭѫQJWӵQKDXNKiFQKDXFK~WOjYӓFk\JӛGҫXOiQJKѫQFK~W
PjWK{L
7URQJUӯQJVƗODUҩWQKLӅXNKӍQJѭӡLWDWKѭӡQJKD\ÿHPFj
FKXD Yj FKXӕL ÿӇ GӑF ÿѭӡQJ FKR FK~QJ ăQ7Kҩ\ ÿRjQ FK~QJ
W{LÿLQJDQJQKӳQJFK~NKӍWUrQFk\JӑLQKDXFKtFKyH6ӕYj
$ORNDÿDQJFzQJLұQONJFKLPQD\ÿѭӧFGӏS[ҧFѫQVҧLFKkQUѭӧW
NKӍ&KӍOjWKѭJLmQWK{LFKӭFKҧEҳWÿѭӧFFRQNKӍQjR1KӳQJ
FK~NKӍWLQKUDQKOHROrQFjQKFk\UXQJUXQJQKHUăQJGӑDOҥL
KDLFK~
ĈLPLӃWUӗLFNJQJKӃWUӯQJVƗODFXӕLUӯQJFk\OjTXrKѭѫQJ
3KұWPүX4XrPҽ1JjLJLӡFNJQJQKѭPӑLOjQJTXrWUrQÿҩW1HSDO
Qj\\rQEuQKPӝFPҥFUXӝQJÿӗQJYjUӯQJFk\EDRTXDQK;ѭD
WU{QJQKѭWKӃQjRW{LNK{QJELӃWQKѭQJJLӡOjQJPҥFFNJQJNK{QJ
FzQJuQJRjLWUөÿiÿmJm\GRYXD$VRND $'өF GӵQJErQFҥQK
OjQJ{LÿӅQWKӡKRjQJKұX0DKƗPƗ\DFyEӭFWѭӧQJÿiWҥF3KұW
PүXÿDQJKҥVLQKWKiLWӱ
+{PQD\FK~QJW{LGӵQJOӅXӣTXDQKQJ{LÿӅQQJѭӡLGkQ
KLӃXNǤNpRQKDXUD[HPQKӳQJ{QJ6ѭQѭӟFQJRjLKӑEjQWiQ
YӟLQKDX[tVӕW{LFNJQJNK{QJKLӇXKӑQyLJuFKӍFѭӡLFKRTXD
270
Kỳ xxI9JƦOHijƙNRVƤIDžƺOH3IƘU0ƖV
FKX\ӋQ.KLOӅXWUҥLÿm[RQJÿkXÿyFK~QJW{LWөQJWKӡLNLQK
GjLYjQJӗLWKLӅQÿӇKӗLKѭӟQJSKҫQSKѭӟFWKDQKFDRQj\ÿӃQ
3KұWPүXYjFKѭWKLrQWKӑWKҫQQѫLÿk\7LӃQJNLQK3ƗশLYDQJ
YDQJ WURQJ ÿrP QJRjL NLD JLy WKәL QKӳQJ EөL Fk\ Uu UjR QKѭ
FQJKRDQKӹ
6iQJQJj\VDXWKӡLNLQKQJҳQWULkQFKѭWKLrQSKLQKkQWKӑ
WKҫQWҥLFKӛWU~QJөFK~QJW{LÿLÿӃQQѫLFyWUөÿiJm\OjPÿ{L
WUrQ WUө ÿi FzQ tW Nê Wӵ WѭӧQJ KuQK Yj QKӳQJ GzQJ FKӳ QJRҵQ
QJRqRÿiQKGҩXQѫLÿҧQVLQKPӝWYӏ%ӗWiWNKiFYjÿmWUӣWKjQK
3KұWYӟLKLӋXOj.R৆ƗJDPDQD &kX1D+jP0kX1L .KLFQJ
JLDTX\ӃQYLӃQJPҧQKÿҩW1HSDOQJj\QD\ÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF NK{QJFKӍYLӃQJWKăPÿҧQKOӉQKӳQJQѫLNӹQLӋPWKXӝFYӅ3KұW
Wә*RWDPD 7KtFK&D0kX1L PjFzQÿѭӧFFiFYӏFyWKҳQJWUt
FKӍQKӳQJQѫLFyGLFKӍFӫDFiFYӏFә3KұWQKѭQѫLQj\ĈLӅXQj\
ÿ~QJYӟLNLQKÿLӇQNKL%ӗWiWWKҧPkPYjQJWU{LQJѭӧFGzQJ
V{QJPkPOһQ[XӕQJOҥLÿөQJYjREiWPӝWYӏFә3KұWWҥRUDWLӃQJ
YDQJOjPFKRPӝWFRQUӗQJWKӭFJLҩF
7KұWYLQKKҥQKWKD\PҧQKÿҩWQj\7KұWKLKӳXWKD\WKiQK
ÿӏDOLQKWKLrQJQj\1ѫLOLQKNKtWUӡLÿҩWKӝLWөNӃWWLQKQrQQKӳQJ
FRQQJѭӡLWROӟQKѫQFҧVӵYƭÿҥLWUtWXӋVLrXYLӋWYѭӧWPӑLNK{QJ
WKӡL JLDQ7{L FKҩS WD\ ÿҧQK OӉ NK{QJ JLDQ ÿҧQK OӉ PҧQK ÿҩW
Qj\7UӡLFDRNK{QJPӝWJӧQPk\PӝWFѫQJLyQKҽWKRҧQJTXD
KѭѫQJKRDFҧLWӯFiQKÿӗQJÿѭDWӟLWKѫPQJӑWQKѭF~QJGѭӡQJ
Fҧ NK{QJ JLDQ YjL FiQK KRD WKHR JLy YѭѫQJ YѭѫQJ WUrQ Wj \
7X\ӋWYӡLOjPVDR
271
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxI9JƦOHijƙNRVƤIDžƺOH3IƘU0ƖV
C`ĺĠtĠt\VRęc\ĴW[ĮbdĪ1įbtbĠğ\aW\VaOc\ugb`ĸbVu\V?VĚb
Q„VWĢcZu:]\OUO[O\O2vc=O7u[<vc=W
272
273
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxI9JƦOHijƙNRVƤIDžƺOH3IƘU0ƖV
CļĶ\UĠtb`]\UĠģ\bVķ?VĚb[ĝc
274
275
.Ǥ;;,,
Kapilavatthu
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7{LÿӭQJOҥLEәLKәLEӗLKӗLQKuQNLQKWKjQKKRDOӋ
FXQJYjQJÿLӋQQJӑFWKXӣQjRQD\FKӍFzQUӯQJFk\Yj
WѭӡQJ[LrXJҥFKÿә´
Kỳ xxII.BQJMBWBIJIV
B
ăQJTXDQKӳQJGҧLFiQKÿӗQJO~DPuOӝLTXDYjLQKiQK
V{QJQKӓWURQJWҫPPҳWFK~QJW{LOjPӝWNKRҧQJUӯQJ
[DQK XP WӕW WѭѫL ÿӃQ JҫQ PӟL ELӃW ÿk\ FKtQK Oj NLQK
WKjQK.DSLODYDWWKX &D7Ǥ/D9Ӌ WKXӣ[ѭD
3KtD VDX NLQK WKjQK KDL QӅQ WKiS JҥFK ÿѭӧF JKL Oj Pӝ FӫD
VRQJWKkQĈӭF3KұWFK~QJW{LÿӭQJWKjQKYzQJWUzQYjWөQJNLQK
KӗLKѭӟQJÿӃQKDLYӏ7өQJNLQKKӗLKѭӟQJÿӃQKDLYӏFKӭFK~QJ
W{LELӃWÿҩ\NK{QJSKҧLOjOăQJPӝFӫDKDLYӏҩ\%ӣLQJѭӡLҨQVDX
NKLPҩWÿѭӧFKӓDWiQJUӗLWKҧWURFӕWYӅV{QJKRһFQJѭӡLWDWKӫ\
WiQJOX{QNK{QJFy[k\OăQJPӝ7URQJNLQKÿLӇQFzQJKLOҥLQKLӅX
WUѭӡQJKӧSVDXNKLQJѭӡLWKkQPҩWOjPOӉWLӉQÿѭDQJѭӡLWDÿѭDUD
QJKƭDWUDQJÿһWQҵPJLӳDWUӡLJӑLOjWKLrQWiQJ&iFYӏWǤNKѭXKD\
ÿLQKһWYҧLEyWӱWKLYӅÿӇPD\\JӑLOj3DূVXNnjODFLYDUD \SKҩQ
WҧR 0mLÿӃQWKӃNӹWKӭ;,,NKLÿӝLTXkQ+ӗLJLiR[kPFKLӃPҨQ
ĈӝKӑPӟLFK{QQJѭӡLFKӃW9jWKrPPӝWOXұQÿLӇPÿӇFKҳFFKҳQ
ÿk\NK{QJSKҧLOăQJPӝFӫDKDLYӏVRQJWKkQSKөPүX1JjLNKL
ĈӭF3KұWWUӣYӅWKăPOҥLTXrKѭѫQJNLQKÿLӇQNK{QJQKҳFWӟLYLӋF
ÿLWKăPQJ{LPӝQj\
&K~QJW{LWөQJNLQKÿӇQKҳFQKӣPuQKVӵY{WKѭӡQJOX{QKLӋQ
KӳXKѫLWKӣUDPjNK{QJYjRWK{LOj[RQJVӵY{WKѭӡQJFzQQKӓ
278
QKLӋPWURQJPӛLViWQDWkPQyVLQKGLӋWWUQJWUQJPӝWQLӋP
NKӣLOrQOjNӃWWKjQKQKkQTXҧSKҧLOX{QWKұQWUӑQJFK~WkPYj
TXDQViW6DXWKӡLNLQKFK~QJW{LÿLYӅWKjQK.DSLODYDWWKX &D
7Ǥ/D9Ӌ WӯFӱDSKtDĈ{QJ&әQJWKjQKQăP[ѭD%ӗWiWFQJ
QJѭӡLKҫXYjQJӵD.D৆৬KDND .LӅQ7UҳF UDÿLWuPÿҥRJLҧLWKRiW
7{LÿӭQJOҥLEәLKәLEӗLKӗLQKuQNLQKWKjQKKRDOӋFXQJYjQJ
ÿLӋQQJӑFWKXӣQjRQD\FKӍFzQUӯQJFk\YjWѭӡQJ[LrXJҥFK
ÿә1JӑQJLyPDQJKѫLQyQJWKәLTXDQKӳQJQJӑQOiNK{[jR[ҥF
FXӕQWKHREөLFyKҥWEөLQjRUѫLYjRPҳWQrQQKuQÿҩW[ѭDFҧQK
QD\PjGzQJOӋWӵQKLrQOăQGjLWUrQPi7{LQjRÿkXFyNKyFFKӍ
OjEөLUѫLYjRPҳWWK{L
&K~QJ W{L QJӗL QJKӍ FKkQ ÿk\ ÿy WURQJ NKX{Q YLrQ NLQK
WKjQKQKӳQJFk\PӝFPLrQ KRDJҥR ÿҥLWKөÿDQJWUәKRDÿӓ
FKyWWKLWKRҧQJUөQJYjLE{QJWREӵ«7{LODQJWKDQJÿӃQ[HP
QKӳQJQJѭӡLÿDQJWӍPҭQNKDLTXұWQѫLÿk\+ӑOjPYӟLQLӅPVD\
PrWKtFKWK~YjFҭQWKұQKӑ[ӟLWӯQJFK~WPӝWFK~WPӝWÿҩW[ӟL
UDVӁÿѭӧFWKXOҥLFyQJѭӡLVӁVjQJOӑFPӝWOҫQQӳDÿӇNLӇPWUD
7{LOҷQJOһQJ[HPKӑOjPUӗLOҥLÿӃQErQPӝWKӕÿҩWWUrQWѭӡQJ
WKjQKTXDQViW1JѭӡLWU{QJFRLӣÿk\FKӍFKRW{LELӃWUҵQJTXD
PӛLWKӡLÿҥLJLDFӕWѭӡQJWKjQKVӁ[XҩWKLӋQPӝWOӟSÿҩWVpWPjX
NKiFQKDXQKuQQKӳQJYӃWWKӡLJLDQWҫQJWҫQJOӟSOӟSFKӗQJOrQ
QKDXҩ\FKӭQJWӓWѭӡQJWKjQKÿmWUҧLTXDUҩWQKLӅXOҫQJLDFӕYj
WUҧLTXDUҩWQKLӅXWKӃNӹ
ĈrPÿӃQFK~QJW{LQJӫOҥLӣNKX{QYLrQFKD7KiLJҫQQѫL
ÿk\6iQJQJj\UDNKLÿmWKҩ\U}FRQÿѭӡQJFK~QJW{LÿLEiWJLHR
GX\rQTXDQKFiF[yPOjQJOkQFұQ'kQFK~QJӣÿk\QJKqROҳP
279
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
QKѭQJWҩPOzQJKӑWKuNK{QJ7Kҩ\ÿRjQÿLWKjQKKjQJGjLFKұP
UmLWUѭӟFQKjQJѭӡLGkQKLӃXNǤWөPQăPWөPEDÿӭQJ[HP&y
QJѭӡLKӓLFK~QJW{LÿLÿkX9ӏWUѭӣQJÿRjQUDGҩXÿL[LQÿӗăQ
FyJuăQÿѭӧFEӓYjRÿk\FKRFK~QJW{L9ӏҩ\OҥLUDGҩXEӓYjR
EuQKEiWWKӃOjGkQOjQJKLӇXĈDVӕQJѭӡLGkQFKRFK~QJW{LYjL
EDQҳPJҥRKӑFKRYӟLVӵYXLYҿ+ӑQJKqRFK~QJW{LFzQQJKqR
KѫQQrQKӑKkQKRDQVҿFKLD&yQKjFKRFѫPQKjFKRNKRDLӟW
ÿXÿӫKjQKKҽWK{LWKuÿӫFҧFyJuăQÿѭӧFGkQOjQJYXLYҿÿHP
FKR6ӣGƭÿRjQÿLWӟLÿkXQJѭӡLGkQÿӅXELӃWÿӇPDQJÿӗUDFKR
OjQKӡONJWUҿ&K~QJFKҥ\WUѭӟFYjEiRFKRGkQOjQJELӃWÿRjQ
FKѭ7ăQJ[LQÿӗJuăQÿѭӧFFyYұ\FK~QJW{LPӟLÿѭӧFQKLӅX
QJѭӡLGkQÿһWEiW&ҧPѫQQJѭӡLGkQFҧPѫQONJWUҿ
ӢQѫLOjQJTXrҨQĈӝFK~QJW{LÿLTXDÿRjQFKӍQKұQÿѭӧF
QKӳQJ³EuQKEiWÿҫ\VӵWUӕQJNK{QJYjQKӳQJiQKPҳWÿҫ\KLӃX
NǤ´1KѭQJQѫLQj\W{LQKұQÿѭӧFUҩWQKLӅXÿӗăQYjVӵTXDQ
WkPVҿFKLDWKұW[~FÿӝQJWKұWҩPiSWuQKQJѭӡL7{LWKұWPӃQ
WKtFKFRQQJѭӡLYjÿҩWQѭӟF1HSDO
Kỳ xxII.BQJMBWBIJIV
ÿӟQQKѭVLQKQӣFRQFҫQVӵTXDQWkPFӫDFӫDJLDÿuQKYjFKӗQJ
FRQKѫQEDRJLӡKӃWYұ\Pj%ӗWiWYjRÿrP5ƗKXOD /D+ҫX/D FKjRÿӡL1JjLNK{QJTXDQWkPKӓLKDQYӧPuQKOҩ\PӝWFkX
NK{QJQKuQPһWFRQWUDLOҩ\PӝWOҫQOһQJOӁUDÿL[XҩWJLD
&RQ WKҩ\ ÿDX [yW FKR WKkQ SKұQ QJѭӡL Qӳ TXi FRQ WKҩ\
%ӗWiWWURQJFKLWLӃWQj\WKұWNK{QJFyWuQKQJKƭDFKӍQJKƭFKR
EҧQWKkQPuQK;LQ6ѭEӓTXiFKRFRQVӵQKLӅXOӡLQj\QKѭQJ
SKҧLQrQKLӇXFKLWLӃW[XҩWJLDFӫD%ӗWiWYjRÿrPҩ\QKѭWKӃ
QjRFKRÿ~QJWKѭD6ѭ"
¬ ÿk\ Oj FkX KӓL KD\ WKѭD FKӏ 'ѭӟL JyF ÿӝ FӫD QJѭӡL
QӳFKӏQyLTXҧWKұWNK{QJVDLFKӏEӭF[~FFNJQJÿ~QJYuFKӏÿһW
PuQKYjRKRjQFҧQKҩ\QrQFKӏWKҩ\PuQKEӏEӓUѫLOҿORLNKLSKҧL
ÿӕLGLӋQYӟLNKyNKăQ1KѭQJFKӏFyEDRJLӡ[HPPӝWEӭFWUDQK
WѭӡQJ ÿѭӧF JKpS EҵQJ JӕP FKѭD" 1KӳQJ EӭF WUDQK OӟQ ÿѭӧF
JKpSWӯKjQJQJKuQPҧQKJӕPҩ\"
&RQFyWKѭD6ѭ
ĈLWӟLFXӕLOjQJFK~QJW{LTXD\YӅ1JDQJTXDWUѭӟFWKjQK
.DSLODYDWWKX &D7Ǥ/D9Ӌ FK~QJW{LJһSQKyPNKiFKKjQK
KѭѫQJ QJѭӡL 7KiL Yj QJѭӡL 9LӋW 0ӑL QJѭӡL KRDQ Kӹ ÿһW EiW
QKӳQJPyQEiQKWUiLPDQJWKHRăQYһW&K~QJW{LWKӑQKұQYj
WөQJNLQKFK~FSK~FÿӃQPӑLQJѭӡL.KLELӃWW{LOjQJѭӡL9LӋW
1DPÿLFKXQJYӟLÿRjQ6ѭ7KiL/DQ3KұWWӱ9LӋW1DPKRDQKӹ
OҳP&yPӝWFKӏ3KұWWӱKӓLW{LPӝWFkXKӓLW{LWKҩ\KD\QrQ[LQ
SKpSNӇFKRPӑLQJѭӡLQJKH
0ӝWEӭFWUDQKKRjQWKLӋQU}QpWGLӉQWҧWUӑQYҽQFiLÿҽS
WRjQFҧQKYjFiLÿҽSFӫDVӵWLQKWӃWӍPҭQNǤF{QJ1KѭQJJLҧ
Vӱ6ѭOҩ\UDPӝWPҧQKPjXÿHQWURQJҩ\ÿѭDFKRFKӏ[HPFKӏ
FyWKҩ\QyÿҽSNK{QJ"+D\FKӏVӁQyLQyFKӍOjPҧQKJӕPOҥQK
ÿHQWKXLNK{QJPDQJêQJKƭDJu"ĈӭQJWUѭӟFPӝWEӭFWUDQKQKѭ
WKӃPuQKSKҧLÿӭQJ[DUDPӝWWtQKuQWRjQYҽQEӭFWUDQKPӟL
WKҩ\JyFQjRFNJQJÿҽSFNJQJKRjQWKLӋQ7Kҩ\FөFÿiVҫQVLUrX
SKRQJErQÿѭӡQJWK{LVDRPjGX\rQÿӃQWKӃFKLӃFOiNK{ÿDQJ
ED\WURQJJLyFNJQJWӵQKLrQÿӃQOҥ
7KѭD 6ѭ FRQ Oj PӝW QJѭӡL Qӳ Oj PӝW QJѭӡL Yӧ Oj PӝW
QJѭӡLPҽFRQWӯQJPDQJQһQJÿҿÿDX1KӳQJO~FNKyNKăQÿDX
7URQJEӭFWUDQK³WRjQFҧQK´ҩ\FXӝFÿӡL%ӗWiWWUҧLGjLEӕQ
$7ăQJNǤ Yj QJjQ ÿҥL NLӃS %ӗWiW ÿm FQJ FKXQJ VӕQJ
280
281
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxII.BQJMBWBIJIV
FQJVLQKWӱYӟL<DVRGKDUƗ 'D'XĈj/D 'ѭӟLFKkQĈӭF3KұW
'ƯSDৄNDUD 1KLrQĈăQJ KӑÿmQJX\ӋQNӃWGX\rQYӧFKӗQJYӟL
QKDXQJѭӡLYӧVӁNK{QJEDRJLӡOjPWUiLêQJX\ӋQFӫDFKӗQJPj
VӁKӛWUӧFKӗQJWKӵFKjQKEDODPұWFKRÿӃQQJj\JLiFQJӝJLҧL
WKRiW9uÿҥLQJX\ӋQ[ѭDFKѭDEDRJLӡ<DVRGKDUƗ 'D'XĈj/D OjPWUiLêQJX\ӋQFӫD%ӗWiWWUrQFRQÿѭӡQJJLҧLWKRiWPjQJѭӧF
OҥLQjQJOX{QPӝWOzQJPӝWGҥKӛWUӧJL~Sÿӥ1JjL
9jRNLӃSJҫQÿk\WK{LNKL%ӗWiWWiLVLQKOjPWKiLWӱ9HVVDQWDUD
7XĈҥL1RD WKu<DVRGKDUƗ 'D'XĈj/D FNJQJOjPYӧ1JjL9u
ÿҥLQJX\ӋQEӕWKtEҩWQJKӏFKêQrQNKLQJѭӡLWDÿӃQ[LQYӧYjFRQ
1JjLFNJQJFKRQJѭӡLYӧҩ\FNJQJFKҩSWKXұQYjPRQJFKRFKӗQJ
WUzQÿӫEDODPұW1rQQD\1JjLUDÿL[XҩWJLDWҫPÿҥROjÿ~QJYӟL
QJX\ӋQ[ѭDNK{QJFyJuVDLFҧVDLӣÿk\OjFK~QJWDFKӍQKuQPӝW
FKLWLӃWUӗLNӃWOXұQQyWKӃQj\WKӃNKiFPjWK{L+m\QKuQWRjQ
GLӋQWUӑQYҽQEӭFWUDQKFKӏj6ѭFNJQJNK{QJFyQKLӅXWKӡLJLDQÿӇ
QyLU}KѫQJL~SFKӏFK~FFKӏOX{QÿѭӧFVӵDQYXLQKp
2İ\U^VOĠ†\UYW\VbVu\V:O^WZOdObbVc2OCń;OEĢ
7{LOҥLFQJÿRjQÿLWLӃSNKLÿLJҫQYӅÿӃQFKD7KiLFK~QJ
W{LJһSPҩ\QJѭӡLFKăQGr1JѭӡLWDKӓLJuÿҩ\PjFK~QJW{L
NK{QJ KLӇX7UѭӣQJ ÿRjQ OҥL UD GҩX Fy Ju ăQ ÿѭӧF NK{QJ FKR
FK~QJW{LEӓYjRÿk\Qj\0ҩ\QJѭӡLFKăQGrQKuQYjREuQKEiW
UӗLQyLJuYӟLQKDX;RQJKӑFҫPEiWFӫDWUѭӣQJÿRjQÿәYjR
WURQJW~LErQK{QJKӑ1KuQPjW{LPXӕQFѭӡLTXi+ӑQJKƭOj
FK~QJW{LFyÿӗăQPXӕQFKRKӑQrQKӑFNJQJYXLYҿQKұQӮWKu
KLӇXYұ\FNJQJÿ~QJPj
+D\WKD\ĈLOjÿӇQKұQPjÿLFNJQJOjFKR7KұWÿ~QJTXi
%rQ ÿѭӡQJ FөP KRD GҥL ÿӑQJ VѭѫQJ UXQJ ULQK WKHR JLy GѭӟL
QҳQJ[XkQEyQJFK~QJW{LÿәGjL«
282
283
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
284
Kỳ xxII.BQJMBWBIJIV
285
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
286
Kỳ xxII.BQJMBWBIJIV
287
.Ǥ;;,,,
Đại tự
NigRodhaRama
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³0iXKӑÿmFKҧ\WKjQKKӗQj\WKk\KӑÿmFKҩWWKjQK
QKӳQJJzÿҩWQKѭKLӋQWҥL
ÐLNLQKNKLӃSWKD\OjQJKLӋS
ÐL&{QJEҵQJWKD\FNJQJOjQJKLӋS´
_ _
Kỳ xxIIIŌƑJUNJİHSPEIBSBNB
QKӳQJQJѭӡLWKXDWUұQEӏGӗQÿӃQQѫLQj\YjEӏJLӃW 0iXKӑÿm
FKҧ\WKjQKKӗQj\WKk\KӑÿmFKҩWWKjQKQKӳQJJzÿҩWQKѭKLӋQ
WҥLÐL.LQKNKLӃSWKD\OjQJKLӋSÐL&{QJEҵQJWKD\FNJQJOj
QJKLӋS9ӟLFk\FXQJWKLӋQFKLӃQEiFKSKiWEiFKWU~QJQKӳQJ
5
ӡL .DSLODYDWWKX &D 7Ǥ /D 9Ӌ FK~QJ W{L Eӝ KjQK
EăQJTXDFiQKÿӗQJO~DQӕLWLӃSQKDXEѭӟFWUrQEӡ
UXӝQJ QKӓ JLӳD WUӡL ÿrP QKӳQJ EѭӟF FKkQ WUӣ QrQ
FKұPUmLKѫQ.KLEuQKPLQKOyGҥQJFK~QJW{LÿӃQErQKӗQѭӟF
GjL FKӯQJ P QKѭQJ NKi Q{QJ FKӛ VkX QKҩW FNJQJ FKӍ WҫP
FP +ӗ QѭӟF ÿѭӧF EDR TXDQK EӣL QKӳQJ Jz ÿҩW QKӓ Oj QѫL
WU~QJөYjNLӃPăQFӫDUҩWQKLӅXORjLFKLPQѭӟF.ӃWLӃSÿyKӗ
QѭӟFOӟQKѫQQѫLEҧRWӗQFiFORjLFKLPÿѭӧFTXDQWkPYjEҧR
YӋQKLӅXQKҩWOjJLӕQJFKLPKҥFÿҫXÿӓ
Ĉk\OjQѫLGzQJWӝF6ƗN\D 7KtFK&D EӏViWKҥLJҫQQKѭ
Eӏ GLӋW WӝF &K~QJ W{L ÿӭQJ TXDQK Eӡ Kӗ WөQJ NLQK KӗL KѭӟQJ
SKѭӟFEiXPjFK~QJW{LÿmOjPÿѭӧFWURQJÿӡLQj\ÿӃQQKӳQJ
QJѭӡLÿmNKXҩW'zQJWӝF6ƗN\D 7KtFK&D QKұQTXҧFKRFӝQJ
QJKLӋSÿmJk\UDFQJQKDXWURQJTXiNKӭ.KLTXkQWKÿӃQGR
ÿmWKӑWUuTX\JLӟLYӟLĈӭF3KұWQrQKӑFKӍÿiQKWUҧEҵQJQKӳQJ
PNJLWrQNK{QJWҭPÿӝFYjÿmEҿÿLÿҫXQKӑQ6DXQKLӅXQJj\
FKLӃQÿҩXTXkQÿӏFKQKұQUDPuQKNK{QJFKӃWEҩWFӭQJѭӡLQjR
PjFKӍEӏWKѭѫQJQJRjLGDKӑELӃWQKӳQJQJѭӡLGzQJWӝF6ƗN\D
7KtFK&D JLӳQJNJJLӟLOҥLFjQJPҥQKPӁWҩQF{QJ7KӃUӗLNLQK
WKjQK.DSLODYDWWKX &D7Ǥ/D9Ӌ EӏF{QJSKiÿӭFYXDEӏEҳW
290
FKLӃQVƭ6ƗN\D 7KtFK&D FyWKӇGӉGjQJJLӃWTXkQÿӏFKYұ\Pj
Kӑ³WKjÿӇPuQKEӏJLӃWFKӭQKҩWTX\ӃWNK{QJJLӃWKҥLDL´UӗLWҩW
FҧKӑÿӅXKLrQQJDQJK\VLQKPҥQJVӕQJKLrQQJDQJÿyQQKұQ
TXҧFӫDiFQJKLӋS .
9jRWKӃNӹ9,,ĈѭӡQJ+X\ӅQ7UDQJJKpWKăPQѫLQj\Yj
ÿmJKL[XQJTXDQKKӗFyQKLӅXÿӅQWKӡGjQKFKRQKӳQJQJѭӡL
ÿmWUұQYRQJ1Jj\QD\FiFQKjNKҧRFәÿmNKDLTXұWÿѭӧFWҩWFҧ
QӅQPyQJGҩXWtFKÿӅQWKӡOӟQQKӓWURQJNKXYӵFQj\QKѭQJ
NK{QJ ÿӫ NLQK SKt ÿӇ [k\ GӵQJ OҥL FNJQJ QKѭ NK{QJ ÿӫ QJkQ
NKRҧQWURQJYLӋFEҧRWӗQQrQKӑKRjQWKәJLӳOҥLQJX\rQWUҥQJ
QKӳQJJzÿҩW+LӋQQD\QѫLQj\ÿmÿѭӧFTX\KRҥFKOjPKjQJ
UjR[XQJTXDQKEҧRYӋWUiQKEӏ[kPKҥL
*LӳD ÿҩW WUӡL KRDQJ OѭѫQJ OӡL NLQK 3ƗশL NK{QJ FzQ FDR
Y~WQKѭPӑLNKLPjWUҫPWUҫPQKѭQӛLOzQJFK~QJW{LO~FQj\
&KX\ӋQÿmTXDTXiOkXQKѭQJPӛLNKLÿӃQQѫLQj\W{LYүQFӭ
WKѭѫQJ FҧP WKұW NKy QyL WkP WUҥQJ W{L O~F Qj\ QӃX Oj W{L W{L
NK{QJOjPÿѭӧFQKѭYұ\W{LKәWKҽQFKRFKtQKPuQKWURQJW{L
VkQKұQYүQFzQQKLӅXOҳP0RQJFKRQKӳQJQJѭӡLÿmEӏViWKҥL
ऺ—92ऺ3̟ऺ"¥6D,ऺ஫#3’.3ऺ,஬ऺ,93ऺ392ऺ63™92ऺ3: 9ऺ?: 9ऺ?@D̙?ऺ.3̹92யऺA˽9ऺ
.—9ऺ8̫?ऺ>̣ऺ92ȷ̯4ऺ>̣92ऺ>˜?யऺ>,@ऺµ˜ऺ3̟ऺ.3˳Dऺ?=̣9ऺ̱ऺ˻9ऺ9ȵ4ऺA92ऺ9ž4ऺ.˜ऺ934̓@ऺ
.348ऺ .™92ऺ A ऺ 7˷Dऺ ?9ऺ 7 ऺ ,@=D¥ऺ ஫3̧92ऺ #ȷ̭.஬றऺ —92ऺ /š4ऺ ,@=D¥ऺ ஫3̧92ऺ
#ȷ̭.஬ऺ 9 Dऺ . 92ऺ 92 Dऺ . 92ऺ 7̭9ऺ 8˳93ऺ A ऺ A˽9ऺ /@Dऺ ?=‘ऺ /—92ऺ 8†@ऺ ,93ऺ 392ऺ
?=:92ऺ3@D̑?ऺ?3̣92ற
(1)
291
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
QѫLÿk\ÿѭӧFWiLVLQKYӅQѫLQKjQFҧQKEҵQJQKѭÿDQJӣQѫLDQ
YXLWKuVӵDQYXLFjQJWăQJWLӃQWKrP
ĈLӇP ÿӃQ WLӃS WKHR FӫD ÿRjQ Oj PӝW WUө ÿi Fә ÿm Eӏ Kѭ
KRҥLQKLӅX&KLӅXGjLWUөÿiKLӋQFKӍFzQPJKLOҥLGҩXWtFK
QѫL PӝW Yӏ %ӗWiW ÿm UD ÿӡL Yj WUӣ WKjQK PӝW Yӏ 3KұW Fy KLӋX
Oj .UDNXFKDQGD %XGGKD ĈӭF 3KұW &kX /ѭX 7{Q .KL YLӃQJ
WKăPÿҩW1HSDOQJj\QD\ÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF ÿmFKR[k\GӵQJ
WKiSWKӡÿӇNӹQLӋPQѫLÿk\9jRQăPWKLӃXWiQJѭӡL$QK
:DGGHOÿmFKRNKDLTXұWPӝWSKҫQQѫLQj\ÿӃQQăPQKj
NKҧRFәKӑFQJѭӡLé*LRYDQQL9HUDUGLWLӃSWөFNKDLTXұWÿm[iF
ÿӏQKWKiSEDQÿҫXÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJEҵQJJҥFKGѭӟLWKӡLÿӃFKӃ
0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF 7&1 ĈѭӡQJNtQKWKiSJҥFK
NKLҩ\OjPQKӳQJYLrQJҥFKKuQKFKӳQKұWFyKRDYăQYj
KuQKQrPÿѭӧF[k\WKjQKQKӳQJYzQJWUzQÿӗQJWkP
ĈӃQWKӃNӹWKӭ,7&1WURQJWKӡLNǤ.XVKDQEҧRWKiSÿѭӧF
WXVӱDEҵQJQKӳQJYLrQJҥFKKuQKFKӳQKұW[k\WUPOrQWKiS
FNJFyÿѭӡQJNtQKP1Jj\QD\ÿҩWEDRSKӫWUrQQӅQWKiS
FyPӝWFӝLFk\PӑFWUrQJzÿҩWҩ\%rQFҥQKÿyWUөÿiYүQWUѫ
JDQFQJWXӃQJX\ӋWÿӇFKӍFKRQKkQORҥLKD\QѫLPҧQKÿҩWQKuQ
QKѭSKӃWtFKQj\ÿmPӝWWKӡLKX\KRjQJOjWKiQKÿӏDFӫDELӃW
EDRFRQQJѭӡL
ĈӭQJWUѭӟFQKӳQJQѫLQKѭWKӃQj\OzQJW{LUXQJÿӝQJOLrQ
KӗLW{LWKҩ\QKӳQJY{WKѭӡQJQKӓQKLӋPWӯWURQJKѫLWKӣW{L
OһQJLPQKuQYjRErQWURQJFKRÿӃQO~FUӡLÿLFQJÿRjQ
&KLӅX FK~QJ W{L JKp YjR GL WtFK 1LJURGKƗUƗPD 1L &kX
/XұW FKDQj\GRYXDFKD6XGGKǀGDQD 7ӏQK3KҥQ [k\GӵQJ
292
_ _
Kỳ xxIIIŌƑJUNJİHSPEIBSBNB
ÿӇWKӍQK3KұWYӅWKăPTXrKѭѫQJFyFKӛWU~QJө1KӳQJSKiL
ÿRjQ ÿѭӧF ÿӭF YXD Fӱ ÿL WKӍQK 3KұW ÿӅX NK{QJ KRjQ WKjQK
QKLӋP Yө NKL JһS 3KұW Kӑ TXrQ QJD\ PөF ÿtFK FӫD FKX\ӃQ
ÿLYj[LQ[XҩWJLDWUӣWKjQKWXVƭ&ҧFKtQSKiLÿRjQÿӅXQKѭ
WKӃ+ӃWQăPQj\ÿӃQQăPNKiFFKD[k\[RQJÿmOkXÿӭFYXD
6XGGKǀGDQD 7ӏQK3KҥQ YjGkQFK~QJQJyQJWU{QJEyQJKuQK
ĈӭF3KұWQKѭQJKRjLPjFKҷQJWKҩ\9jRKҥWKӭKDLFӫDĈӭF
3KұWÿӭFYXDFӱPӝWYӏOѭѫQJWKҫQ0ӝWWURQJEҧ\QKkQYұW
ÿӗQJVDQKFQJWKiLWӱYjFNJQJOjEҥQWKkQFӫDWKiLWӱWKXӣҩX
WKѫ.ƗশXGƗ\L &D/XĈj'L GүQÿҫXSKiLÿRjQÿLWKӍQK3KұW
YӟLOӡLWkPKX\ӃW
7DELӃWNKDQKUӗLFNJQJ[XҩWJLDQKѭQKӳQJYӏOѭѫQJWKҫQ
NKiFQKѭQJNKDQKFyWKӇKӭDYӟLWDWUѭӟFNKL[XҩWJLDNKDQK
Km\FKX\ӇQOӡLWKӍQKPӡLFӫDWDÿӃQĈӭF1Kѭ/DL[LQ1JjLKm\
WUӣ OҥL WKăP TXr KѭѫQJ ÿӭF YXD Yj GkQ FK~QJ QѫL Qj\ QJyQJ
WU{QJ1JjLÿmOkX[LQĈӭF1Kѭ/DLKm\WӯELWUӣOҥL
9ӏ WUӑQJ WKҫQ .ƗশXGƗ\L &D /X Ĉj 'L OҫQ Qj\ ÿm NK{QJ
TXrQOӡLKӭD{QJÿmWKӍQK3KұWYӅOҥLTXrKѭѫQJWUѭӟFNKL[XҩW
JLDÿӭFYXD6XGGKǀGDQD 7ӏQK3KҥQ ÿmGkQJF~QJQJ{LÿҥLWӵ
Qj\ ÿӃQ 7DP %ҧR 6DX NKL ÿӭF YXD 6XGGKǀGDQD 7ӏQK 3KҥQ
EăQJ Kj WKkQ YѭѫQJ 0DKƗQƗPD QӕL QJ{L ÿm FKR VӱD VDQJ OҥL
QJ{LÿҥLWӵQj\9jRKҥWKӭĈӭF3KұWYj7ăQJFK~QJÿmQKұS
KҥWҥLÿk\ÿk\OjPDKҥGX\QKҩWWUrQTXrKѭѫQJ
1Jj\QD\1LJURGKƗUƗPD 1L&kX/XұW FKӍFzQOҥLQӅQPyQJ
YjQKӳQJFӝLFk\WR9ӃWWtFKFӫDKѫQWKӃNӹFzQOҥLWUrQQӅQ
ÿLӋQFKtQKOjQKӳQJYLrQJҥFKPDQJKӑDWLӃWÿҽSÿӁ
293
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
_ _
Kỳ xxIIIŌƑJUNJİHSPEIBSBNB
&K~QJ W{L ÿL YzQJ TXDQK ÿLӋQ FKtQK 1LJURGKƗUƗPD 1L
&kX/XұW WөQJkQÿӭF7DP%ҧRYj[ӃSYzQJQJӗLWKLӅQĈmYjR
PDQҳQJPXӛLFӭQKѭRQJYӥWәED\jRjRFҧÿjQQKLӅXFRQ
ED\ R R FKXL Fҧ YjR WDL W{L W{L LP OһQJ NK{QJ Pӣ PLӋQJ FKӭ
NK{QJFKӯQJQyFNJQJED\FҧYjRPLӋQJ1JӗL[XӕQJWUP\NtQ
PuQKW{LQJX\ӋQEӕWKtPXӛLFy[LQWtPiXW{LFNJQJ[LQEӕWKt
W{LFK~WkPYjRÿӅPөFkPWKDQKYjPXӛLPzQJELӃQPҩWFKӍ
FzQÿӅPөFKLӋQUDJLӳDWUӡLViQJWURQJ
6DXWKӡLWKLӅQW{LOһQJOӁUDQJRjLFQJNKX{QYLrQÿҥLWӵ
1LJURGKƗUƗPD 1L&kX/XұW QѫLҩ\FyQJ{LWKiSQKӓKuQKEiW
JLiFOҿORLÿӭQJWUrQJzÿҩWÿk\OjQѫLWѭӣQJQKӟQJjL5ƗKXOD
/D +ҫX /D FRQ WUDL ĈӭF 3KұW WKHR Fҧ QJKƭD ÿHQ OүQ QJKƭD
EyQJ1JjLWKHR3KұW[XҩWJLDVDGLNKLFzQWҩPEpQKѭQJF{QJ
KҥQK FӫD 1JjL ÿm OjP ViQJ FKyL Fҧ NKX UӯQJ JLiR SKiS 7{L
ÿӭQJWUѭӟFWKiS1JjLWҭQQJҭQWҫQQJҫQ«
C`ĺĠtRęcbQV\ĴW[ĮbdĪ1įbtbĠx`OĠķWdub`ĸbVu\V[ĮbdĪ?VĚb
Q„VWĢcZu:`OYcQVO\RO1cRRVOíĽQ?VĚb2vc;ļcC†\
1JRjLNLDPjQÿrPGҫQEX{QJPҩ\FRQKҥFED\WuPQѫLWU~
ÿrPWKҧUѫLYjLWLӃQJJLӳDWUӡLWURQJYHR
294
295
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
_ _
Kỳ xxIIIŌƑJUNJİHSPEIBSBNB
=ĴWR \UVIJBOYgOCVQV2OPĪatbVĞW
296
297
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
_ _
Kỳ xxIIIŌƑJUNJİHSPEIBSBNB
-íĞWCľ=WU`]RVO`O[O=W2vc;cĚb
298
299
.Ǥ;;,9
Viếng Lumbini
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
“3KLӃQÿiGѭӟLEӭFWѭӡQJFyGҩXFKkQOӡPӡ
QKѭFӫDWUҿFRQOjQѫL%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQK”
Kỳ xxIv9JƦOH/VNCJOJ
6
iQJQD\ÿRjQFK~QJW{LOrQÿѭӡQJYӅ/XPELQƯ /kP7Ǥ
1L Yj[LQSKpSFKD7KiLӣÿk\ÿӇWU~QJө7UrQFXQJ
ÿѭӡQJÿLQӃXFKһQJGӯQJFKkQFXӕLQJj\JһSFKD7KiL
FK~QJW{LVӁ[LQYjRNKX{QYLrQFKDÿӇGӵQJOӅXWUҥLFiQKkQ
FKӭNK{QJӣQѫLSKzQJӕFFӫDFKD
&K~QJW{LÿӃQÿk\YӯDNӏSJLӡÿӝQJӑVDXEӳDăQDLQҩ\
GӵQJOӅXWUҥLYjJLһW\iRFKRNӏSNK{WUѭӟFJLӡJKpWKăPQѫL
%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQK9ұQ\YDLWUiL7ăQJÿRjQÿLGӑFYHQEӡKӗFKtQK
WURQJNKX{QYLrQ/XPELQƯ /kP7Ǥ1L &KtQKSKӫ1HSDOTX\
KRҥFK/XPELQƯ /kP7Ǥ1L WKұWÿҽSUӝQJFҧPҩ\QJKuQKpFWD
KuQKFKӳQKұWFyWѭӡQJUjR[XQJTXDQK+ӗQѭӟFÿѭӧFWҥRGӵQJ
FKҥ\GӑFÿѭӡQJKѭӟQJWkPFKRÿӃQÿLӇPFKtQKOjQѫL%ӗWiWÿҧQ
VLQK1JѭӡLGkQYjGXNKiFKNKLYjRWKDPTXDQSKҧLPXDYp
KӑFVLQKVLQKYLrQYjWUҿFRQWKuJLiYpPDQJWtQKWѭӧQJWUѭQJ
ÿӗQJQJѭӡLGkQ1HSDOPӭFJLiWҫPÿӗQJQJѭӡLҨQ
WKuJҩSEDQJѭӡL0LӃQĈLӋQWҫPÿӗQJYjQJѭӡLFiFQѭӟF
NKiFWKuÿӗQJFKRPӝWYpYjRFӱD0ӭFJLiNKiFQKDX
W\WKXӝFYjRPӕLTXDQKӋJLӳDFKtQKSKӫFiFQѭӟFYӟLQKDX
ULrQJYӟLFKѭ7ăQJWKuNK{QJNӇQѭӟFQjRWҩWFҧÿӅXPLӉQSKt
ĈLKӃWKӗQѭӟFÿӃQFәQJFKtQKVDXFәQJOjOӕLÿLUӝQJOiW
JҥFKQXQJWKҷQJWҳSFKRÿӃQSKRWѭӧQJ%ӗWiWO~FPӟLÿҧQVLQK
302
EҵQJÿӗQJPҥYjQJUҩWÿҽS&K~QJW{LÿLYzQJTXDQKWѭӧQJED
YzQJKѭӟQJYDLSKҧLYjRWURQJYӯDÿLYӯDWөQJkQÿӭF7DP%ҧR
UӗLÿLWKҷQJYjRQѫL%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQK1ѫLÿk\ÿѭӧFFҧQKViWY}
WUDQJEҧRYӋYjPi\TXpWDQQLQKJLiPViW*Lj\GpSÿѭӧF\rX
FҫXÿӇӣQJRjLW~L[iFKPDQJWKHRÿѭӧF\rXFҫXGzTXDPi\
TXpWYjÿѭӧFSKpSPDQJÿLӋQWKRҥLYjRErQWURQJÿLӋQWKӡQKѭQJ
NK{QJ ÿѭӧF TXD\ SKLP FKөS KuQK9ұ\ Pj W{L YүQ WKҩ\ QKLӅX
QJѭӡLTXD\FKөSOpQNKLQJѭӡLEҧRYӋQKҳFQKӣWKuKӑQKDQKWD\
[yDÿLO~FUDQJRjLKӑNK{LSKөFOҥL1KӳQJKjQKÿӝQJQKѭWKӃ
ӣQKӳQJQѫLQj\WKұWNK{QJWKtFKKӧS
ĈLWLӃSYjRErQWURQJYӯDÿLFK~QJW{LYӯDWөQJNLQKYzQJ
TXDQKÿLӋQWKӡ[ѭDFKtQYzQJÿk\OjNKXYӵFNK{QJÿѭӧFFKөS
ҧQKQrQNK{QJFyKuQKҧQKQjRFKRTXêYӏ[HPĈLӋQWKӡNKL[ѭD
ÿѭӧFÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF [k\GӵQJYjRWKӃNӹWKӭ,,,7&1QD\
FKӍFzQOҥLQӅQJҥFKÿѭӧFEҧRYӋWURQJQKjFyPiLFKHPѭDQҳQJ
7UXQJWkPQJ{LÿӅQOjPӝWEӭFWѭӡQJJҥFKFDRQKҩWWKӡLJLDQÿq
QһQJQKѭXӕQFRQJÿӃQPzQYҽWQKӳQJYLrQJҥFK3KLӃQÿiGѭӟL
EӭFWѭӡQJFyGҩXFKkQOӡPӡQKѭFӫDWUҿFRQOjQѫL%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQK
7LӃSÿyWUѭӣQJÿRjQGүQOӕLFKѭ7ăQJYzQJUDQѫLÿһWWUөÿi
ÿӇWөQJNKyDNLQKFKtQK+{PQD\FK~QJW{LVӁWөQJWKӡLNLQK
GjLÿӇKӗLKѭӟQJFKRQKӳQJQJѭӡLÿmPҩWWURQJYөÿӝQJÿҩWNLQK
KRjQJӣ7Kә1Kƭ.ǤYj6\ULDĈk\OjWKҧPKӑDNK{QJFKӍULrQJ
FӫDKDLTXӕFJLDPjQyU~QJÿӝQJWRjQQKkQORҥL0RQJSKѭӟF
EiXQj\FӫDFK~QJW{LJySSKҫQOjPFKRWKӃJLӟLKzDEuQKYjTXҧ
ÿҩWQj\FjQJ[LQKÿҽSKѫQ
6DXÿyFK~QJW{LWӵGRWKăPYLӃQJQѫLQj\7{LYүQGӯQJOҥL
QѫLWUөÿiPӝWPLQKFKӭQJOӏFKVӱFӫD7KiQKWtFK7UөÿiKLӋQ
QD\FzQYҽQQJX\rQGzQJFKӳNKҳFQѫLWKkQWUөYүQU}QKѭLQ
303
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
JKLOҥLUҵQJ³9jRQăPWKͱWU͓Yuÿ̩Lÿ͇$VRND $'ͭF ÿm
FQJJLDTX\͇QYL͇QJWKăPQ˯L%͛WiWÿ̫QVLQKQJjL[k\G͹QJ
WKiSWKͥYjFKRG͹QJWUͭÿiÿ͋NͽQL͏PGkQFK~QJTXDQKYQJ
Qj\ÿ˱ͫFPL͍QWKX͇QăP´
7UөÿiFzQQJX\rQQKѭQJSKҫQÿӍQKWUөÿmEӏWKӡLJLDQEjR
PzQ Kѭ KҥL UӟW [XӕQJ FKuP YjR OzQJ ÿҩW 6DX Qj\ WURQJ FiF
FXӝFNKҧRFәQJѭӡLWDPӟLWuPÿѭӧFYjWUѭQJEj\FҥQKWUөÿi
ÿӍQK WUө NK{QJ FzQ U} Oj KuQK FRQ YұW Ju9jR WKӃ Nӹ9,, NKL
YLӃQJWKăPQѫLQj\ĈѭӡQJ+X\ӅQ7UDQJFyJKLOҥL³7UrQÿ͑QK
WUͭ ÿi W̩F FK~ QJ͹D KQJ GNJQJ QK˱ P͡W FKL͇Q ELQK V̽Q VjQJ
[{QJSKDWU̵QP̩FFͱXÿ͡FK~QJVDQK´
5ӡLWUөÿiW{LÿLUDKӗQѭӟFQѫLORQJYѭѫQJÿmSKXQQѭӟF
WҳPUӱDFKR%ӗWiWYjPҽ1JjLVDXNKLÿҧQVLQK.ӃErQKӗOjFӝL
%ӗÿӅWROӟQQJjQQăPWXәLVRLEyQJ7{LFӭWKӃÿLWӯKӗQѭӟF
VDQJGӑFEӡKӗFKtQKÿӃQWұQFXӕLÿѭӡQJÿӇFKLrPTXDQEҧRWKiS
PjXWUҳQJ[LQKÿҽSÿѭӧFNӻVѭQJѭӡL1KұW[k\GӵQJFKRWӟLNKL
WUӡLWӕLW{LWUӣYӅQJ{LFKD7KiLQJKӍÿrP
+{P VDX ViQJ FK~QJ W{L WөQJ NLQK Yj ÿL EiW QJD\ WURQJ
NKX{QYLrQFKD7KiLFKLӅXFK~QJW{LWӵGRÿDVӕFKѭ7ăQJÿL
FKLrPTXDQFKDWKiSFiFQѭӟFWURQJNKX{QYLrQ/XPELQƯ /kP
7Ǥ1L Qj\1JRjLQѫL%ӗWiWĈҧQVLQKQӃXÿӃQQѫLQj\FiFEҥQ
QrQGjQKWKrPFK~WWKӡLJLDQÿӇWKDWKҭQWURQJFiFQJ{LFKD
&KDFӫDPӛLTXӕFJLDNKiFQKDXPDQJOӕLNLӃQWU~FNKiFQKDX
YӟLELӃWEDRWkPKX\ӃW[k\GӵQJLQÿұPEҧQVҳFYăQKyDGkQ
WӝFPuQKĈLWӯFKDQj\VDQJFKDNKiFEҥQVӁFyVӵVRViQK
OүQQKDXWӯÿyFyFiLQKuQWӕWKѫQYӅNLӃQWU~FQpWYăQKyDFӫD
WӯQJQJ{LFKD7KrPQӳDPӛLQѭӟFFyFiFKEjLWUtJLDQWKӡYj
304
Kỳ xxIv9JƦOH/VNCJOJ
WѭӧQJ3KұWFNJQJNKiFQKDX7ѭӧQJ7KiLWKѭӡQJWҥFĈӭF3KұWFy
QKөFNӃUҩWFDRQJӵFOӟQHRQKӓKDLFKkQWUpRQKDXFKӭNK{QJ
QJӗLNLӇXNLӃWJLjWѭӧQJ/jRJLӕQJ7KiLWѭӧQJ&DPSXFKLDWKu
WyF1JjLNKiFKѫQFK~WP{LFNJQJGj\KѫQ7ӵXOҥLÿLӇPFKXQJ
OjSKRWѭӧQJFӫDQѭӟFQjRWҥRWiFWKuPDQJQpWKDRKDRJLӕQJ
QJѭӡLQѭӟFÿyÿLӇPQj\FNJQJUҩWWK~Yӏ9jPӛLQJ{LFKDFNJQJ
VӁWUӗQJQKӳQJJLӕQJFk\ORjLKRD NKiFQKDX UҩWÿDGҥQJ Yj
SKRQJSK~&yQKLӅXORjLKRDÿҽSÿӃQQJӥQJjQJÿLÿk\NK{QJ
FyQKLӅXWKӡLJLDQFKӭNK{QJW{LFNJQJWKXOѭӧPJLӕQJPDQJYӅ
9LӋW1DP
Ӣÿk\W{LҩQWѭӧQJQJ{LFKD9LӋW1DP3KұW4XӕF7ӵKzD
WKѭӧQJFKӫWUuÿmGjQKULrQJPӝWNKRҧQJOӟQFҥQKOӕLÿLYjRFҩ\
O~DQѭӟFPӝWKuQKҧQKUҩW9LӋW1DP%rQNLDOjFk\FҫXFRQJ
FRQJPҩ\EөLWUHNӁRNҽWWӓDEyQJ{NuDPҩ\FRQKҥFÿҫXÿӓ
GҥQGƭÿLOXLÿLWӟLWURQJNKX{QYLrQFKDNKXQJFҧQKPӟL\rQ
EuQKOjPVDR6DXFiFFKDQӃXFzQFK~WWKӡLJLDQFiFEҥQQrQ
JKpWKăPFKӧFӫDQJѭӡL7k\7ҥQJFyQKLӅXPyQÿӗFNJQJÿҽS
YjKD\KRSKӃW9jEҥQFҫQSKҧLWUҧJLiNKLPXDOҳPNKLFKӍWUҧ
EҵQJOjYӯDKӑFKѭDÿӗQJêEiQWKu7ăQJJLiFK~WQӳDQӃX
EҥQWUҧEҵQJQӱDJLiOjEӏKӟQJD\ÿҩ\W{Lÿmӣÿk\QKLӅXQrQ
W{LELӃW
/RDQKTXDQKUӗLFNJQJKӃWEXәLFKLӅXW{LWUӣYӅQJKӍQJѫL
6iQJPDLFK~QJW{LVӁNKӣLKjQKO~FKNKX\DÿӇNӏSUDOҥLELrQ
JLӟLOjPWKӫWөFYӅҨQĈӝ*LmWӯQJѭӡLGkQYjÿҩWQѭӟF1HSDO
WKjQKNtQKÿҧQKOӉQKӳQJ7KiQKWtFKWUrQÿҩWQѭӟFQj\
ĈrP Kҥ KX\ӅQ PҧQK WUăQJ NKX\ӃW WUHR QJKLrQJ ErQ NLD
NKXQJWUӡLÿRjQFK~QJW{LEӝKjQKOһQJOӁ«
305
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
306
Kỳ xxIv9JƦOH/VNCJOJ
307
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxIv9JƦOH/VNCJOJ
2VļCē\Ubĺ\UYW\VQěc\UcgĢ\ĸb`ĺĠtR]dcO0a]YO03ĺQ
Rľ\UYŅ\WĢ[b`]\UYVc†\dW}\;c[PW\W;v[Cń=W
308
309
.Ǥ;;9
KusinaRa
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³'ѭӟLYҥWQҳQJQKӳQJFKLӃFOiYjQJQKѭWKrPQKXұQVҳF
QKӳQJQөKRDÿyQQҳQJODR[DRFӵDPuQKQKѭPXӕQQKDQK
WUәE{QJ'ѭӟLJӕFFk\KDLFK~FKyQJӫNKRqRYjJmGX7ăQJ
QJӗLQKѭKyDÿҩW´
Kỳ xxv.VTJOBSB
NKXUӯQJWU{QJFjQJPDPӏPҩ\FRQNKӍQJӫWUrQFk\QJKHWLӃQJ
EѭӟFFKkQ[jR[ҥFÿҥSOiJLұWPuQKJӑLQKDXFKtFKyH
T
ӯELrQJLӟL1HSDOҨQĈӝFK~QJW{LÿLÿӃQ.XVLQƗUƗ
&kX7KL&D KӃWQJj\FKһQJÿѭӡQJGjLWҫPNP
%ӣLUѫLYjRQJj\FXӕLWKiQJFK~QJW{LGjQKPӝWEXәL
FKLӅXÿӇFҥRWyFYjWөQJJLӟL
ĈmTXiQӱDKjQKWUuQKQKӳQJÿ{LEjQFKkQÿmTXHQEӝKjQK
NK{QJFzQQKӳQJYӃWERQJUӝSFѫWKӇFNJQJÿmTXHQGҫQYӟLQҳQJ
QyQJFK~QJW{LNK{QJFҧPWKҩ\PҩWVӭFQKLӅXĈRҥQÿѭӡQJQj\
ÿLTXDNKXUӯQJOӟQÿѭѫQJPDWUөLOiWURQJÿrPÿHQQKӳQJ
FjQKQKiQKNK{Jҫ\[ѭѫQJ[ҭXYѭѫQUDWӯVѭѫQJPÿҫ\PDPӏ
.KLEuQKPLQKOyUҥQJW{LWKҩ\ÿҫXQKӳQJQJӑQFjQKNK{ÿkP
UDY{VӕFKӗLQRQ[DQKWѭӣQJQKѭÿDQJÿLWURQJNKXUӯQJPD
[XkQ7{LӗOrQWKtFKWK~ÈQKViQJPӟLOrQYҥQYұWFzQFKѭDWӓ
FҧNKXUӯQJTXҩQTXêWWURQJOjQVѭѫQJJLăQJPӡÿҫ\YҿOLrXWUDL
1jRQJӥFKӕQEӗQJODLWLrQFҧQK
1ӕLWLӃSOjFiQKUӯQJVDOD[HQOүQFk\JLiWӷ JӛWӃFK WROӟQ
WKҷQJWҳS1ҳQJOrQFDRKѫQFK~WiQKViQJWUjQFKLӃXWUrQPһW
Oi UӗL YѭѫQJ KӃW Fҧ UD KRD QҳQJ QKѭ ÿDQJ QKҧ\ P~D WUrQ ÿҩW
Ĉ{LFKkQFK~QJW{LNK{QJQJӯQJÿLWҥRQrQFKX\ӇQÿӝQJQKӏS
QKjQJKRDQҳQJYӥzDFҧWUrQYDLWUrQ\WKұWÿҽS5ӯQJEDQVӟP
FzQÿӑQJKѫLVѭѫQJQҳQJOrQ[XDVѭѫQJPWҧQUDED\OjOj
312
&NJQJYӯDKD\WӟLO~FÿRjQGӯQJOҥLQJKӍFKkQFKһQJViQJ
JLӳDUӯQJW{LWUҧLWҩPEҥWQKӓÿһWOѭQJQҵP[XӕQJJӕLÿҫXOrQ
EDO{PLӋQJQJұPQKiQKFӓNK{QJӱDPһWQKuQOrQWiQUӯQJFDR
5ӯQJFyQKӳQJÿLӇPWѭѫQJÿӗQJYӟLFK~QJW{LQrQFӭYjRUӯQJ
OjW{LQKѭÿѭӧFWUӣYӅQKjNK{QJOҥOүPNK{QJVӧKmL5ӯQJ
WKkPX\rQWƭQKQKѭQJ[jR[ҥFQJj\ÿrPUӯQJQX{LOӟQFiFORҥL
JӛTXêQKѭWUҫPKѭѫQJWKӫ\WQJQKDLEiFK UӯQJOjQѫLVLQK
VӕQJFӝQJFѭFӫDUҩWQKLӅXORjLÿӝQJYұWÿDWҫQJWKҧPWKӵFYұW
YjUӯQJFNJQJFҩWJLҩXQKLӅXTXһQJPӓPDQJOҥLJLiWUӏWROӟQ
&K~QJW{LFNJQJQKѭUӯQJYұ\OһQJLPQKѭQJNK{QJQJӯQJWӍQK
WKӭFPLQKViWWKkQWkPQJj\ÿrPNK{QJJLiQÿRҥQ.KLPLQK
ViWFK~QJW{LWKҩ\WURQJWkPPuQKFKӭDQKӳQJWkPTXêEiXQKѭ
WӯELKӹ[ҧWjPTXêYjFNJQJFKӭDFҧQKӳQJWKyLKѭWұW[ҩX7kP
QӃXELӃWKXҩQOX\ӋQÿӇÿҥWVѫWKLӅQQKӏWKLӅQ«FiFWKҳQJWUtTXҧ
WKұWPDQJOҥLOӧLtFKOӟQNK{QJJuViQKÿѭӧFTXêYӏFyWKҩ\QKѭ
Yұ\NK{QJ"
5ӯQJFzQFk\FDRFk\WKҩS{PҩSQѭѫQJWӵDQKDXPjVӕQJ
EҧRYӋOүQQKDXNKLJLyWiSPѭDVD&K~QJW{LFNJQJYұ\NK{QJ
SKkQFKLDNҿVDQJQJѭӡLKqQWҩWFҧOjKX\QKÿӋFQJQKDXWX
WұSFQJQKDX\rXWKѭѫQJOX{QTXDQWkPViFKWҩQOүQQKDXÿL
WUrQ FRQ ÿѭӡQJ ÿҥR 4Xê Yӏ Fy WKҩ\ UӯQJ Yj FK~QJ W{L WѭѫQJ
ÿӗQJQKDXNK{QJ"
ऺ̩ऺ93,4ऺ-†.3஽ऺ8̫?ऺ7:˳4ऺ2̩ऺ<@¡ऺ34̑8ऺ9̧4ऺ?4̑92ऺ.˜ऺ24†ऺ?=̝ऺ7̭9ऺA̓ऺ8̉?ऺ;3:92ऺ
?3̹Dயऺ24†ऺ?=̝ऺ?3˻8ऺ8͉ऺ.,:ऺµȷ̵.ऺ8̟4ऺ92ȷ̯4ऺD@ऺ?3’.3௓ऺ
(1)
313
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7K{LFKjRQKpQJѭӡLDQKHPW{LOҥLSKҧLÿLWLӃSUӗL
&iQKUӯQJOҥLEӓVDXOѭQJPӝWEXәLViQJNKLWUӡLFzQPӡ
VѭѫQJFK~QJW{LÿӃQ.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D QѫLĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
QKұS1LӃWEjQ&K~QJW{LQKӳQJQJѭӡLFRQWӯ[D[{LYӅÿk\ÿ{L
FKkQÿmGj\FXLQӭWQҿEjQWD\QKăQQKHRQKXӝPPjXQҳQJPѭD
WҩP\ÿmVӡQOӛFKӛÿҫ\QKӳQJPLӃQJYiÿmSKDLPjXEӣLJLyEөL
WKӡLJLDQÿ{LYDLPӓLQKӯQD\WUƭXVkX[XӕQJFҧPӝWK}P[ѭѫQJ
TXDL[DQKDLQҩ\ÿӅXVөWÿӃQGăPEҧ\FkQWKӏW1KѭQJÿ{LPҳW
DLFNJQJViQJOҩSOiQKW{LNK{QJELӃWOҩSOiQKYuUӵFUҥRQLӅPWLQ
KD\OҩSOiQKYuQKӳQJJLӑWOӋFKӵFWX{QGjLWUrQPi
.KLYjRNKX{QYLrQ%ҧRWKiSÿһWW{QWѭӧQJ3KұW1LӃWEjQ
FK~QJ W{L OһQJ OӁ [ӃS WKjQK KDL KjQJ ÿӇ FQJ FKXQJ WD\ GkQJ
OrQPӝWWҩPYҧLOӟQF~QJGѭӡQJW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF3KұW7UrQWҩP
YҧLÿmJKLQKӳQJWkPWѭQJX\ӋQYӑQJFӫDFK~QJW{LFNJQJQKѭ
SKѭѫQJ GDQK WKt FKӫ ÿm F~QJ GѭӡQJ FKR KjQK WUuQK7KHR GҩX
FKkQ3KұWQăPQD\9ӯDÿLFK~QJW{LYӯDWөQJkQÿӭF7DP%ҧR
QKLӉXTXDQKW{QWѭӧQJFKtQOҫQUӗLFK~QJW{LSKӫWҩPYҧLOrQW{Q
WѭӧQJYjEҳWÿҫXWөQJNLQKViPKӕL7DP%ҧRNLQKFҫXQJX\ӋQ
9ӏWUѭӣQJÿRjQJLӑQJQJKqQQJKҽQEҫXNK{QJNKtWUӣQrQWUҫP
[XӕQJÿӃQKѫQQӱDFiFYӏWURQJÿRjQUѫLQѭӟFPҳWFK~QJW{L
NK{QJEXӗQNK{QJFҧPWKҩ\PҩWPiWKD\WӫLKӡQJuFҧFKӍOj
QѭӟFPҳWFӭUѫLWK{LW{LFNJQJNK{QJFӕQJăQÿ{LGzQJOӋÿkX
ÿyYjLWLӃQJNKyFQJKҽQYjLWLӃQJQӭFQӣPӝWYjLYӏÿLQKDQK
UDQJRjLÿӇNuPOzQJNK{QJNKyFWR$LÿmWӯQJPҩWQJѭӡLWKkQ
\rXNKLÿL[DYӅQKuQOrQEjQWKӡQѭӟFPҳWWX{QUѫLVӁKLӇXDLÿm
WӯQJYu³[~FÿӝQJSKiSKRDQKӹSKiS´PjNKyFVӁKLӇX0ӛLOҫQ
ÿӃQQѫLQj\QKuQOrQW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{QQѭӟFPҳWW{LOҥLOm
314
Kỳ xxv.VTJOBSB
FKmUѫLQѭӟFPҳWWӯY{WKӍQѭӟFPҳWFӫDOzQJNtQKQJѭӥQJYj
ELӃWѫQY{EӡEӃQFӫDPӝWQJѭӡLFRQ3KұWNKLÿѭӧFWUӣYӅ1Kj
&K~QJW{LFyWKӇEăQJUӯQJOӝLVXӕLFyWKӇYѭӧWQJjQWUQJWUrQ
ÿ{LFKkQFKDLVҥQQKѭQJWkPWKuWUjQÿҫ\\rXWKѭѫQJ
5ӗLWKӡLNLQKNӃWWK~FFK~QJW{LÿLUDQJRjLWUѭӣQJÿRjQQyL
FK~QJW{LFyPӝWJLӡWӵGRӣÿk\UӗLYӅNKX{QYLrQFKD7KiL
QJKӍQJѫL&K~QJW{LVӁӣÿk\QăPK{PKDLK{PQӳDFyOӉOӟQ
OӉUѭӟFYjFKRFKLrPEiL;iOӧL3KұW
7{LUDÿҵQJWUѭӟFWKiSӣÿҩ\FyFk\VDODWROӟQOiÿmQJҧ
YjQJÿҫXFjQKOLWLQKӳQJQөNK{QJPҩ\QӳDOiUөQJKӃWKRD
VӁQӣWUҳQJFk\Ĉk\OjFk\VDODWURQJNLQKÿLӇQ%ӗWiWÿҧQVLQK
GѭӟLFӝLFk\VDODYjĈӭF7KӃ7{QFNJQJQKұS1LӃWEjQGѭӟLKDL
FӝLFk\VDODQKѭWKӃ
Ӣ9LӋW1DPFyFk\FNJQJJӑLOjVDODKRDPӑFUDWӯWKkQ
WKjQKYzLGjLKRDWRQKѭQҳPWD\FyPjXVҳFYjKѭѫQJÿұPNKL
NӃWWUiLTXҧFk\VDODQj\WRWUzQÿѭӡQJNtQKTXҧWҫPFP
FyQѫLFzQJӑLFk\Qj\OjKRDĈҫX/kQ&k\VDODQj\NK{QJSKҧL
OjFk\WURQJNLQKÿLӇQÿk\OjPӝWVӵQKҫPOүQY{FQJÿiQJWLӃF
7{LQJӗLQKuQEҧRWKiSYj[HPOiUѫLWU{QJFKӯQJFҧ6ӕYj
$ORNDÿӇWөLQyNK{QJFKҥ\ORҥQOjPFKRGXNKiFKVӧKmL7{L
NK{QJYӝLYmWKăPWK~FiFQѫLWURQJNKX{QYLrQQj\QKӳQJQJj\
FzQOҥLӣÿk\W{LVӁWUӣOҥLQKLӅXOҫQ
'ѭӟL YҥW QҳQJ QKӳQJ FKLӃF Oi YjQJ QKѭ WKrP QKXұQ VҳF
QKӳQJQөKRDÿyQQҳQJODR[DRFӵDPuQKQKѭPXӕQQKDQKWUә
E{QJ«'ѭӟLJӕFFk\KDLFK~FKyQJӫNKRqRYjJmGX7ăQJQJӗL
QKѭKyDÿҩW«
315
Kỳ xxv.VTJOBSB
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
AĿ\UQvgaOZO
316
317
Kỳ xxv.VTJOBSB
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
2VļCē\UĠğ\VZĥb†\bļĶ\UíĽQCVġC†\bĞWbVt^<OVO^O`W\W`dO\O
bVt^=WġbPu\
AĿ\UQvgaOZO
2VļCē\Ubĺ\UUWĵWPİ\?ObW[]YYVO
318
319
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
320
Kỳ xxv.VTJOBSB
321
.Ǥ;;9,
Phân chia xá-lợi
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³.KiFKKjQKKѭѫQJÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJQJѭӡLWDWKѭӡQJ
FҫXQJX\ӋQUҩWQKLӅXQKѭQJ7{Q6ѭQҵPÿyOһQJLP
DQ\rQQKѭPX{QÿӡLYүQWKӃ´
Kỳ xxvI3IƓODIJBYƎMƿJ
H
{P QD\ Km\ FzQ EDQ VӟP W{L GjQK EXәL ÿҫX QJj\
UD %ҧR WKiS 0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ ÿҧQK OӉ W{Q
WѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{QĈk\OjW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
WURQJWѭWKӃQKұS1LӃWEjQFKLӅXGjLWҫPPÿѭӧFWҥFWӯÿiÿHQ
GѭӟL WKӡL ÿҥL ÿӃ$VRND $ 'өF .KL FQJ JLD TX\ӃQ ÿӃQ ÿk\
YLӃQJWKăPQJjLNK{QJGӵQJWUөÿiQKѭFiFQѫLPjFKRWҥFSKR
WѭӧQJYjGӵQJWKiSWKӡ0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ Qj\
9jRWKӃNӹ9,,WUrQÿѭӡQJWKӍQKNLQKĈѭӡQJ+X\ӅQ7UDQJ
GӯQJFKkQFKLrPEiLWKu%ҧRWKiSÿmÿәVұS5ӗLWKӡLJLDQYjFiW
EөLYLOҩSPmLÿӃQWKӃNӹ;;QѫLQj\PӟLOҥLÿѭӧFNKDLTXұW
YjW{QWҥROҥLQKѭKLӋQQD\FKӍULrQJW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{QYүQ
FzQJҫQQKѭQJX\rQYҽQ1Jj\QD\FiF3KұWWӱNKLÿӃQYLӃQJ
WKăPWKѭӡQJKD\GiQYjQJOiOrQWKkQWѭӧQJQrQNK{QJFzQWKҩ\
PjXÿiÿHQQKѭWKXӣEDQÿҫX
ĈmWKӃNӹWU{LTXDSKRWѭӧQJ3KұWYүQQҵPÿyÿk\Oj
W{QWѭӧQJOkXÿӡLYjVӟPQKҩWW{LÿѭӧFELӃW.KiFKKjQKKѭѫQJ
ÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJQJѭӡLWDWKѭӡQJFҫXQJX\ӋQUҩWQKLӅXQKѭQJ
7{Q6ѭQҵPÿyOһQJLPDQ\rQQKѭPX{QÿӡLYүQWKӃ1JjLOһQJ
LPNK{QJQyLOӡLQjRQKѭQJÿk\PӟLOjÿLӅXQJjLPXӕQJӱLFKR
KұXWKӃ³&iFFRQSK̫LOjQ˯LQ˱˯QJW͹DFKRFKtQKPuQKÿͳQJ
Q˱˯QJW͹DYjRDLNKiFÿk\OjFRQÿ˱ͥQJW͹ÿ͡ÿ͡WKDÿͳQJFy
F̯XNK̭QYDQ[LQWKDO͹F´
324
5ӡLNKX{QYLrQ%ҧRWKiS0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ W{LÿL
ÿӃQWKiSJҥFK5DPDEKDUQѫLWUjWǤQKөFWKkQĈӭF3KұW6DXNKL
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QQKұS1LӃWEjQGkQFK~QJ0DOODÿmF~QJGѭӡQJ
QKөF WKkQ 1JjL Eҧ\ QJj\ QjR QKӳQJ KѭѫQJ KRD FD P~D WKHR
QJKLOӉWUX\ӅQWKӕQJ
6DXÿyKӑKӓLFiFYӏWUѭӣQJOmR
7KѭӡQJ PӝW Yӏ &KiQK %LӃQ7UL Y{ Gѭ 1LӃWEjQ WKu QKөF
WKkQ1JjLSKҧLOjPVDR"
&iFYӏWUѭӣQJOmRÿmWUҧOӡLGkQFK~QJ0DOODUҵQJ
1KөFWKkQҩ\FҫQÿѭӧFTXҩQWURQJOӟSYҧLÿѭӧFWҭPGҫX
WKѫPUӗLÿһWWURQJTXDQTXDQҩ\ÿһWWURQJTXiFKUӗLKӓDWiQJ
'kQFK~QJYkQJOӡLOjPWKHRÿ~QJQKѭOӡLFiFYӏWUѭӣQJOmR
QyL .KL PӑL WKӭ ÿm FKXҭQ Eӏ [RQJ QKөF WKkQ FӫD ÿӭF &KiQK
%LӃQ7ULÿѭӧFKӓDWiQJWҥLÿӅQ0DNXWD%DQGDQDSKtDÿ{QJFӫD
[ӭ0DOODEҵQJWҩWFҧFiFORҥLJӛWKѫPYjKѭѫQJOLӋXFKRWӟLNKL
QKөFWKkQÿmFKi\KӃWKӑUѭӟLWҳWQJӑQOӱDEҵQJQѭӟFVҥFKYj
WKXJRP[ѭѫQJFӕWQKѭQJOҥOQJWKD\NK{QJFyPҧQK[ѭѫQJ
FӕWQjRQKөFWKkQ1JjLVDXNKLKӓDWiQJELӃQWKjQKFiFWLQKWKӇ
KҥWQKLӅXPjXOҩSOiQKQJѭӡLWDJӑLÿk\Oj;iOӧL;iOӧLÿѭӧF
WKXJRPUӗLPDQJÿӃQÿһWӣKӝLWUѭӡQJFKtQKFӫD[ӭ0DOODKӑ
Oҩ\Fk\JLiROjPKjQJUjROҩ\Fk\FXQJOjPYiFKQJăQÿӇPӑL
QJѭӡLÿѭӧFFKLrPEiLF~QJGѭӡQJEҵQJWUjQJKRDÿLӋXP~DYj
KѭѫQJOLӋXWURQJYzQJEҧ\QJj\
.KLKD\WLQĈӭF7KӃ7{QÿmQKұS1LӃWEjQWҥL.XVLQƗUƗ &kX
7KL&D YXDQѭӟF0ƗJDGKD 0D.LӋWĈj Oj$MƗWDVDWWX $;j
7KӃ ÿmJӱLÿӃQPӝWÿӝLTXkQNqPPӝWYӏVӭJLҧQyLUҵQJ
325
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QOjGzQJG}L6iWÿӃOӷWDFNJQJOj6iWÿӃOӷYҧ
OҥLWDFzQOjÿӋWӱFӫDYӏҩ\Yӏҩ\OjWKҫ\FӫDWDKm\FKLDFKRWD
PӝWSKҫQ;iOӧLWDVӁGӵQJWKiSWKӡWUrQ[ӭVӣFӫDWD
6DX ÿy OҫQ OѭӧW QKӳQJ QJѭӡL /LFFKDYL ӣ 9HVƗOL 7Ǥ ;i /\ QKӳQJ QJѭӡL 6ƗN\D 7KtFK &D ӣ .DSLODYDWWKX &D 7Ǥ /D 9Ӌ QKӳQJQJѭӡL%XOLӣ$OODNDSSDQKӳQJQJѭӡL.ROL\Dӣ5DPDJDPD
QKӳQJQJѭӡL0DOODӣ3DYDFNJQJJӱLVӭJLҧYjTXkQÿӝLÿӃQ[LQFKLD
PӝWSKҫQ;iOӧLYuKӑOjQKӳQJ6iWÿӃOӷYjOjÿӋWӱFӫDĈӭF3KұW
7LӃSQӳDPӝWSKiLÿRjQVӭJLҧFӫD%jODP{Q9HWKDGLSDJӱL
ÿӃQYӟLOӡLQyL
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QOj%jODP{QFK~QJW{LFNJQJOjQKӳQJ%jOD
P{QKm\FKLDFKRFK~QJW{LPӝWSKҫQ;iOӧLFK~QJW{LVӁ[k\
WKiSWKӡYjFXQJNtQKF~QJGѭӡQJÿҧQKOӉWKiSҩ\
.KL QJKH FiF Vӭ JLҧ QyL QKѭ Yұ\ QKӳQJ QJѭӡL 0DOOD ӣ
.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D ÿiSUҵQJ
ĈӭF7KӃ7{QÿmQKұS1LӃWEjQWUrQ[ӭVӣFK~QJW{LFK~QJ
W{LÿmFXQJNtQKÿҧQKOӉF~QJGѭӡQJYjKӓDWiQJ;iOӧLOjFӫD
FK~QJW{LNK{QJFKLDFKRDLKӃW
.K{QJNKtEҳWÿҫXFăQJWKҷQJPӝWFXӝFFKLӃQFyWKӇQәUD
NKLҩ\%jODP{Q'RQDPӝWKӑFJLҧX\rQEiFÿmQyLYӟLQKӳQJ
QJѭӡL0DOODYjVӭJLҧFiFQѭӟFUҵQJ
;LQFiFYӏKm\QJKHW{LĈӭF7KӃ7{QNKLFzQWҥLWKӃGҥ\UҵQJ
Km\NKDPQKүQQrQWUѭӟF;iOӧLFӫD1JjLFKӟFyWUDQKJLjQKWӕW
ऺ "¥6D,ऺ ஫#3’.3ऺ ,஬ऺ ̱ऺ ,;47,A,??3@ऺ ஫,ऺ #ǣऺ ,ऺ %̙஬ऺ µˆऺ /4̙?ऺ A:92ऺ =̥4யऺ 8̫?ऺ >̣ऺ
92ȷ̯4ऺ.—9ऺ>̣92ऺ.3˳Dऺ?=̣9ऺµ̑9ऺ.3̩ऺ.˜ऺ934̓@ऺ.348ऺ.™92ऺ஫,@=D¥஬ऺA ऺ3̟ऺ7 ऺ3˿@ऺ
/@̙ऺ.̹,ऺ"¥6D,ற
(1)
326
Kỳ xxvI3IƓODIJBYƎMƿJ
WKD\FK~QJWDKm\ÿRjQNӃWQKҩWWUtFKLD;iOӧLUDOjPWiPSKҫQ
ÿӅXQKDXÿӇ[k\GӵQJWKiSWKӡÿӇFiFQѫLÿӅXÿѭӧFOӧLtFK
.KLQJKH%jODP{Q'RQDQyLQKѭWKӃFiFYӏҩ\ÿmÿRjQNӃW
QKҩWWUtKRDQKӹYjQyL
1j\W{QJLҧ'RQDWӕWWKD\KLӅQJLҧKm\JL~SFK~QJW{LFKLD
;iOӧLUDWiPSKҫQÿӅXQKDXFK~QJW{LVӁÿӧLӣÿk\
9j%jODP{Q'RQDEҳWÿҫXSKkQFKLD;iOӧLNKLÿDQJSKkQ
FKLD{QJWKҩ\FyPӝWQJ{L;iOӧLWUzQWUӏDViQJOҩSOiQKQKѭNLP
FѭѫQJWRFӥKҥWOҥF{QJWKtFKTXiEqQÿһWYjROzQJEjQWD\Yj
YӡQKѭÿѭDWD\OrQODXPӗK{LWUiQ{QJQKDQKWD\ÿһWQJ{L;i
OӧLYjRJLӳDE~LWyFUӗL\rQWUtWKӃQjRPuQKFNJQJFyPӝWQJ{L
;iOӧL3KұWÿӇFXQJNtQKÿҧQKOӉYj[k\WKiSWKӡ1JKƭWKӃ[RQJ
{QJSKkQFKLD;iOӧLPӝWFiFKFҭQWKұQYjF{QJEҵQJQKѭQJKjQK
ÿӝQJFӫD{QJQjRTXDPҳWÿѭӧF6DNND ĈӃ7KtFK WKLrQFKӫ1JjL
GQJWKҫQOӵFOҩ\ÿLQJ{L;iOӧLҩ\YjKLӋQUDӣF}LWUӡL7DPWKұS
WDPWKLrQÿһWQJ{L;iOӧLҩ\YjRWKiSWKӡFKXQJYӟLOӑQWyFFӫD
%ӗWiWNKL[XҩWJLDTXăQJOrQWUӡLPjQJjLÿmPDQJYӅWKӡӣÿk\
.KLWiPSKҫQ;iOӧLFKLD[RQJÿѭӧFÿѭDÿӃQWUѭӟFPһWVӭJLҧ
FiFQѭӟFKӑFkQOҥLOҫQQӳDWKҩ\FkQQһQJYjPjXVҳFFiFSKҫQ
;iOӧL QKѭ QKDX PӑL QJѭӡL ÿӅX KRDQ Kӹ QKұQ Oҩ\ PӝW SKҫQ
%jODP{Q'RQDJLҧYӡPӋW[LQYjRSKzQJQJKӍQJѫL{QJPzWD\
OrQE~LWyFӣÿҩ\NK{QJFzQQJ{L;iOӧLQjRKӕWKRҧQJ{QJ[ә
E~LWyFUDWuPPmLFNJQJNK{QJWKҩ\PӗK{LW~DUDWӯOѭQJQKѭWҳP
{QJQJKƭ³&K͇WU͛LWK͇QjRQJ{L;iOͫḼ\FNJQJE͓FK˱WKLrQO̭\
P̭WOjPWK͇QjRÿ͋WDFNJQJFy;iOͫLÿ͋[k\WKiSF~QJG˱ͥQJ´
327
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvI3IƓODIJBYƎMƿJ
1JKƭWKӃUӗL{QJTXD\OҥLKӝLWUѭӡQJQyLYӟLFiFYӏVӭJLҧ
7KѭDFiFQJjLWKұWWӕWWKD\FiFQJjLKm\FKRW{L[LQFiLFkQ
Qj\W{LVӁ[k\WKiSWKӡӣTXrKѭѫQJW{LQyNK{QJSKҧL;iOӧL
QKѭQJFNJQJÿmWӯQJFkQÿRÿRQJÿӃPSKkQFKLD;iOӧL
.KL ÿѭӧF QJKH QKӳQJ OӡL ҩ\ FiF Yӏ YXL Yҿ FKR %jODP{Q
'RQDFKLӃFFkQ9jVDXFXӕLPӝWSKiLÿRjQFӫDQJѭӡL0DXU\Ɨ
ӣ3LSSKDOLYDQDJӱLÿӃQOҥL[LQFKLD;iOӧL0ӑLQJѭӡLQyLUҵQJ
1D\;iOӧLÿmFKLD[RQJWӕWWKD\QJjLKm\Oҩ\ÿLSKҫQWUR
WKDQNKLKӓDWiQJQKөFWKkQĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
;LQYkQJ
9jSKiLÿRjQҩ\ÿmPDQJÿLSKҫQWURWKDQ
1KӳQJVӭJLҧҩ\ÿmPDQJ;iOӧLYӅFKRQѭӟFPuQKFӱKjQK
QJKLOӉF~QJGѭӡQJYj[k\WKiSWKӡ9ұ\OjFy%ҧRWKiSÿѭӧF
[k\GӵQJÿӇWKӡWҩWFҧ;iOӧL
CVt^bVķGtZĶWb`]\UYVc†\dW}\QVŠOCVtW;O\
-bĞW:caW\O`O2vcCVW2O
1JѭӡL0DOODӣ.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D EjQQKDXÿk\OjQѫL
ÿmKӓDWiQJQKөFWKkQĈӭF7KӃ7{QWӕWWKD\FK~QJWDKm\[k\
WKiSWKӡ;iOӧLӣÿk\YjWKiS5DPDEKDUÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJ7KiS
ÿѭӧF [k\ KuQK WUzQ QKѭ FiL EuQK EiW ~S QJѭӧF FKLӅX FDR P
ÿѭӡQJNtQKP1Jj\QD\WKiSÿmKѭKҥLQKLӅXPpRPyNK{QJ
FzQWUzQWUӏDQKѭQJQKӡFҩXWU~F[k\ÿһFPjWKiSWU{QJYүQFzQ
NKiTX\P{GÿmWUҧLTXDKѫQWKӃNӹ7KұWNǤGLӋXWKD\
1ҳQJVӟPÿәEyQJKjQJFDXOrQ%ҧRWKiSW{LOһQJOӁQKLӉX
TXDQK%ҧRWKiSEDYzQJYjÿһWOrQWKӅP%ҧRWKiSPҩ\E{QJ
KRDJҥR«
328
=ĴW1uZO[†\3]\O^Vv\QVWOGtZĶW
329
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
íğ\VZĥ1ğ]bVt^AO[OPVO`\ĴWb`ubń\VĺQbVv\íĽQCVġC†\
330
Kỳ xxvI3IƓODIJBYƎMƿJ
íğ\VZĥPğ]bVt^AO[OPVO`\ĴWb`ubń\VĺQbVv\íĽQCVġC†\
331
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvI3IƓODIJBYƎMƿJ
2VļCē\UĠğ\VZĥbVt^<OVO^O`W\W`dO\ObVt^=WġbPu\
332
333
.Ǥ;;9,,
Rước xá-lợi Phật
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³'X7ăQJQKѭFK~QJW{LWKtFKQѫLYҳQJYҿQ~LUӯQJXQKm
WKҩ\WkPPuQKQKѭFRQWK~KRDQJWKtFKWӵGRWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJ
WӵQKLrQNK{QJKӧSYӟLOӉKӝLÿ{QJÿ~FQKѭQj\´
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
PtDOjPҳWKDLFK~ViQJOrQYXLYҿYѭѫQFiLYzLGjLUD[LQăQ
7KHR VDX ÿRjQ TXkQ FҧQK 7KiL /DQ Yj ҨQ Ĉӝ FҫP Fӡ 3KұW
JLiRÿRjQYNJF{QJQӳP~DGLӉXKjQKÿӃQWӯ7KiL/DQWD\FҫP
KRDKӑP~DQKӳQJÿLӋXQKѭWLrQQӳQKjWUӡL9jWLӃSÿyOjNLӋX
N
FiF1JjLSKy7ăQJWKӕQJ3KұWJLiR7KiLODQ1JjLWUѭӣQJEDQ
WUӏVӵ3KұWJLiRҨQĈӝ1HSDOYjFKѭ7{QW~FWUѭӣQJOmR3KұW
KӳQJ QJj\ ӣ OҥL .XVLQƗUƗ &kX 7KL &D FK~QJ W{L
JLiRFiFQѭӟFWKDPGӵ6RQJVRQJNLӋXFiF1JjLOjÿRjQFKѭ
WUDQKWKӫJLһWJLNJYiOҥLQKӳQJYӃWVӡQUiFKOӛFKӛ
7ăQJÿҫXÿjFK~QJW{LEӝKjQKKӝWӕQJYjKӑFVLQKFiFWUѭӡQJ
WUrQ\YjWKDPGӵOӉUѭӟFFKLrPEiL;iOӧL3KұWWҥL
WKDPGӵ
QѫLQj\
'үQÿRjQFѭVƭWLӃSQӕLFKѭ7ăQJWURQJÿyFyKRDKұX7KiL
&{QJWiFWәFKӭFGRFKD7KiLӣ.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D WKӵF
/DQYjÿRjQP~DQJKӋWKXұWWURQJWUDQJSKөFYjWUDQJVӭF
KLӋQOӉGLӉQUDWURQJEDQJj\7ăQJÿRjQKjQJQJj\ÿLEiWWөQJ
PjXWUҳQJQKѭFRQQKjWUӡL.ӃÿӃQOjNLӋXFKtQKÿһWWKiS;iOӧL
NLQK FK~F SK~F ÿӃQ PӑL QJѭӡL WӕL ÿӃQ FK~QJ W{L WөQJ kQ ÿӭF
3KұWÿѭӧFFKҥPNKҳFNǤF{QJVѫQVRQWKLӃSYjQJOӝQJOү\ÿѭӧF
7DP%ҧROҫQTXDQKWKiS;iOӧL3KұW7ҫPÿkXÿyÿӃQK
FXQJQJKLQKEӣLQKӳQJFѭVƭQDPPһFEҥFK\YjNLӋXUѭӟFWѭӧQJ
WKu[RQJFK~QJW{LYӅQJKӍ
1Jj\ÿҫXWLrQGjQKFKRF{QJWiFWӯWKLӋQ[mKӝLSKiWTXj
FKR QKӳQJ QJѭӡL QJKqR Yj WҩW Fҧ FiF WUѭӡQJ KӑF WҥL .XVLQƗUƗ
&kX7KL&D Qj\
3KұWÿӭQJ.ӃWLӃSOjNLӋXFyKuQKÿӭFYXD5DPPD,;3KXPLGRQ
$GXUDGHW NLӋX ÿҥL GLӋQ KRjQJ JLD TXDQ FKӭF FKtQK TX\ӅQ Yj
QKӳQJÿҥLWKtFKӫF~QJGѭӡQJOӉKӝL
ĈRjQUѭӟFGӯQJOҥLӣWKiS0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ FKR
PӑLQJѭӡLFKLrPEiLF~QJGѭӡQJYjÿҧQKOӉ;iOӧL3KұWWURQJ
1Jj\WLӃSWKHRFӱKjQKQJKLWKӭFUѭӟF;iOӧL3KұWWӯEҧR
NKRҧQJ FiFK P ÿѭӧF FҧQK ViW W~F WUӵF EҧR YӋ %XәL FKLӅX
WKiS FKD 7KiL ÿӃQ WKiS 0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ ĈRjQ
ÿRjQUѭӟF;iOӧLYӅÿһWWURQJWKiSFKDO~FQj\FK~QJW{LQJӗL
UѭӟF ѭӟF WҫP QJѭӡL KDL FK~ YRL WR OӟQ EӋ YӋ GүQ ÿҫX
YzQJWUzQ[XQJTXDQKÿӇWөQJNLQKPӑLQJѭӡLFyWKӇÿӃQJҫQÿӇ
ÿRjQ QKuQ WR FRQ QKѭQJ UҩW KLӅQ QKp7Kҩ\ DL FҫP FKXӕL Yj
FKLrPEiL
336
337
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
1Jj\FXӕLFQJ;iOӧLÿѭӧFUѭӟFÿӃQWKiS5DPDEKDUQѫL
%ӓOҥLSKӕWKӏVDXOѭQJEXәLFKLӅXK{PFK~QJW{LGӯQJFKkQ
WUjWǤQKөFWKkQĈӭF7KӃ7{Q%ӣLYұ\ÿRjQUѭӟFFyWKD\ÿәL
ErQPӝWQӅQJҥFKFNJÿm[iF[ѫKRDQJWjQĈk\OjQѫLĈӭF7KӃ
ÿRjQ YNJ F{QJ Qӳ FҫP TXҥW O{QJ Yj ÿRjQ P~D QJKӋ WKXұW WKu
7{Q GQJ EӳD FѫP FXӕL FQJ WҥL QJ{L QKj FӫD QJѭӡL WKӧ UqQ
YұQÿӗÿHQQKӳQJÿLӋXP~DWiLKLӋQVӵÿDXÿӟQPҩWPiWWDQJ
&XQGD7URQJVXӕWQăPKRҵQJWUX\ӅQJLiRSKiSWҥLEҧ\TXӕF
WKѭѫQJYjNLӋXUѭӟFWѭӧQJ3KұWÿѭӧFWKD\EҵQJPӝWSKRWѭӧQJ
1LӃWEjQOӟQ.KLÿӃQNKX{QYLrQWKiS5DPDEKDU;iOӧL3KұW
ÿѭӧFÿһWӣÿk\FKѭ7ăQJWөQJNLQKYjPӑLQJѭӡLFyWKӇF~QJ
GѭӡQJFKLrPEiLWӯ[DFKLӅXWӕL;iOӧLOҥLÿѭӧFUѭӟFYӅFKD
ÿһWWҥL%ҧRWKiSFKtQK
%XәLWӕL1JjLSKy7ăQJWKӕQJ7KiL/DQÿҥLGLӋQFKѭ7ăQJ
ÿӝYHQFRQV{QJ+ҵQJĈӭF3KұWGҥ\UҵQJFyKDLEӳDăQPDQJOҥL
FKRWKtFKӫQKLӅXSKѭӟFEiX
ĈyOjEӳDăQÿҫXWLrQWUѭӟFNKL1JjLWKjQKÿҥRFӫDWtQQӳ
6XMƗWƗ 7X;jĈD YjEӳDăQFXӕLFQJWUѭӟFNKL1JjLGLӋWÿӝ
FӫDWKtFKӫ&XQGD
WKX\ӃWSKiSÿӃQFKRWRjQWKӇKӝLFK~QJVDXWKӡLSKiSFK~QJ
%ӣLOjWKtFKӫÿѭӧFGkQJEӳDFѫPFXӕLFQJYjOjQѫLĈӭF
W{LWөQJPӝWWKӡLNLQKWӟLKѫQKÿrPWKuNӃWWK~F&ӱDEҧR
7KӃ7{QWKӑWKӵFOҫQFXӕLQrQQѫLÿyÿѭӧFYXD[ӭ0DOODFKR
WKiSWKӡ;iOӧL3KұWÿyQJOҥLQăPVDXÿӃQQJj\Qj\NKLÿRjQ
FK~QJW{LJKp.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D OҥLVӁPӣUDFKRPӑLQJѭӡL
FKLrPEiL
6DXQKӳQJQJj\OӉOѭӧWQKLӅXVҳFPjXӣ.XVLQƗUƗ &kX
7KL &D FK~QJ W{L Eӝ KjQK UD ÿҧQK OӉ WKiS 5DPDEKDU Yj
WKiS0DKƗSDULQLUYDQD 1LӃWEjQ UӗLYkQGXWKHRFRQÿѭӡQJ
ÿmÿӏQK
'X7ăQJQKѭFK~QJW{LWKtFKQѫLYҳQJYҿQ~LUӯQJXQKm
WKҩ\WkPPuQKQKѭFRQWK~KRDQJWKtFKWӵGRWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJ
WӵQKLrQNK{QJKӧSYӟLOӉKӝLÿ{QJÿ~FQKѭQj\ӢQѫLQKLӅX
QJѭӡLSKӕWKӏQKjFӱDVDQViWWkPFҧPWKҩ\EӏEӭFEӕLNKyWұS
WUXQJYjRÿӅPөFWKLӅQ
338
[k\GӵQJ%ҧRWKiSÿӇNӹQLӋP1Jj\QD\%ҧRWKiSNK{QJFzQ
QӳDFKӍWUѫWUӑLPӝWÿӗLÿҩWGRJҥFKPӫQUDYjtWWѭӡQJJҥFK
WKҩSFzQOҥLÿmÿѭӧFFKtQKSKӫҨQĈӝNKRDQKYQJ[ӃSKҥQJ
'L WtFK 4XӕF JLD FҫQ ÿѭӧF EҧR YӋ &K~QJ W{L WөQJ WKӡL NLQK
WULkQÿӃQYӏWKtFKӫFXӕLFQJFӫDĈӭF3KұWVDXÿyFK~QJW{L
QJӗLOҥLQJKHYӏWUѭӣQJÿRjQJLӟLWKLӋXOӏFKVӱQӅQJҥFKQj\
%ӣLWURQJÿRjQFyQKLӅXYӏPӟLÿLҨQĈӝOҫQÿҫXW{LÿmÿӃQ
ÿk\EDOҫQQKѭQJFNJQJQJӗLQJKH6DXNKLJLӟLWKLӋXWUѭӣQJ
ÿRjQQyL
7URQJ NLQK JKL OҥL WKt FKӫ &XQGD ÿm GkQJ F~QJ ÿӃQ
ĈӭF3KұWPyQFKiRWKӏWKHRUӯQJ KD\QҩPPӑFӣGҩXFKkQ
339
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
KHR UӯQJ .KL GQJ EӳD [RQJ WKu ĈӭF7KӃ7{Q ÿDX EөQJ
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
.+Ò&&$1ѬӞ&
GӳGӝLYjVDXÿy1JjLQKұS1LӃWEjQ1Jj\QD\ӣÿk\QӃX
FK~QJWDFNJQJăQWKӏWKHRWKuFK~QJWDFNJQJ³[RQJÿӡLQJD\
OұSWӭF´
1yL[RQJYӏҩ\FѭӡLFѭӡLUӗLÿѭDPҳWQKuQUD[DKѭӟQJWKHR
WDÿӭQJWKӣWUrQV{QJGjL
QJKHWKӡLJLDQFXӝQFKҧ\
EӑWQѭӟF[DR
iQKPҳWFK~QJW{LWKҩ\UҩWQKLӅXWKiQKÿѭӡQJWUHRFӡPjX[DQK
EӑWQѭӟFTXү\
FyKuQKWUăQJOѭӥLOLӅPĈҩ\OjWKiQKÿѭӡQJFӫDQKӳQJQJѭӡL
WӯOkXUӗL
WKHR+ӗLJLiRKӑW{QWKӡKHR1ӃXӣÿk\PjGiPăQWKӏWKHRWKu
TXҧOjFK~QJW{LFNJQJ³FKӃWWKұWFKӭFKҧFKѫL´
.KLUiQJFKLӅXÿmWtPVүPQѫLFKkQWUӡLFK~QJW{LÿӃQErQ
FRQFiÿӟSEѫQJѫ
WUăQJYүQOjFRQWUăQJ
PӝWGzQJV{QJQKӓÿӇGӵQJOӅXWUҥLQJKӍÿrP'zQJV{QJҩ\NKL
WӯYƭQKFӱXÿӃQEk\JLӡ
[ѭDO~FÿLÿӃQÿk\ĈӭF7KӃ7{QNKiWQѭӟFYjQJjLƖQDQGD $
WKX\ӅQYүQOjFRQWKX\ӅQ
1DQ ÿmÿLOҩ\QѭӟFV{QJGkQJOrQ1JjL6DXNKLOӅXWUҥLÿmGӵQJ
[RQJFK~QJW{LUDEӡV{QJÿӇWөQJWKӡLNLQKWULkQGzQJV{QJÿm
³FKѭDFKqRTXDEӍQJҥQ´
GkQJQѭӟFÿӃQĈӭF3KұWÆPEDWLӃQJNLQK3ƗশLYDQJYDQJWUrQ
FiLWkPFNJ
PһWV{QJJӧQOrQQKӳQJOjQVyQJQKӓQKѭÿDQJKRDQKӹFQJ
OӡLNLQK
ĈrPPҧQKWUăQJVѫKX\ӅQOӡPӡWUrQWUӡLFDRQKѭWUHRӣÿy
FRQVyQJGkQJ
FyFiLJuUҩWKӕWKRҧQJ
FӭWXQJ
WӯPX{QWKѭӣWUѭӟFW{LNKHNKӁQJkPOrQEjLWKѫFӫD6ѭSKө
FӭUѫL
FKҷQJELӃWÿmPӕFPHRWURQJNêӭFWӵEDRJLӡ
FӭYӡYұWÿӕPORDQJÿrP
340
341
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
Pk\
WU{LJLӳDNK{QJJLDQ
FӭYүQOjPk\
YjK~WPҩWJLӳDWKXQJWULӅQ
SKLrXSKҩWOmQJGXPLӅQ
WDYүQKLӇXUҵQJ
YүQWuQKWӵ
ÿӡLFzQOҳPRDQNKLrQ
YүQFkXFKX\ӋQÿqQNKX\D
WӭFәYăQ
FkXNLQK
YjFKXQJWUjNK{QJEҥQOӳ
FzQFKtQQJӑWWUiLKRDKѭѫQJ
NӃWÿjLJLӳDJLҩFPѫ
YjWX\ӋWYӑQJ
EXӗQ
UҩWVkX
DLUӟWFKӳ
[D
JLӳDGzQJV{QJOһQJ
FyFRQFKLPED\
YjQLӅPULrQJ
F{ÿѫQ
[LQJӣLÿӃQPX{QFQJ
KiLOѭӧPKҥWPLrQWUѭӡQJ
KӟWKҧL
WURQJJLҩFQJӫPrPXQJ
EjQJKRjQJJ}NLӃQWUL
QJKHYDQJYDQJQӛLFKӃW
342
ÿLTXDFXӝFÿӡLWUăPQăP
PӝWÿ{LOҫQ
QJӗLWkPVӵY{GX\rQ
JLӳDTXiQFyFFKӧYjQJ
JLӑQJQyL
DLFNJQJNK{QJFyWKuJLӡWƭQKWkPWKLӅQÿӏQK
WLӃQJFѭӡL
DLFNJQJFyTXiQKLӅXWKuJLӡ
FӭEjRPzQkPWLӃW
ÿӇKX\ӅQÿjPKêOXұQ
343
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
YjWӵYӁEyQJPuQK
VRLPһWVRLPj\
WURQJEӑWQѭӟFYӥWDQ
YүQKRDQJYXJLyFKѭӟQJ
QtXFkXNLQK
URQJEqRK{PTXD
WDEѭӟFJLӳDÿLrXWjQ
WU{LQәLÿmODROXQJ
FkXWKѫPӟL
EұSEQJUHR
QLӅPWLQYjKѫLҩP
FӝWFKLӃFOi
EXӝFWKX\ӅQ
GұSGӡQQѭӟFPk\
YүQOҳPFKX\ӋQY{FQJ
7̵SWK˯³*LXQG͇+˱Y{Yj+̩WO͵D[DQK´
0LQKĈͱF7UL͉X7kP̪QK
WӵQHRPuQKWUrQEӃQ
QҵPQJӫVD\
PһFQKkQWKӃQJѭӧF[X{L
WӯQJOӕLQKӓWKkQTXHQ
VLPPXDQӣWtPÿӗL
VӧLNKyL
OjQPk\
JLӑWVѭѫQJ
ÿӇGҩXKLӋXPDLVDX
WuPFKRUDFKkQWѭӟQJ
QѭӟFYүQFKҧ\
344
345
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
;ĥ`ļĵQduQV]QVW}[PtWGtZĶW
346
347
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
348
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
349
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvII5DžƼDYƎMƿJ3IƘU
=ģ\\VuQĻObVQVĻ2c\RO
350
351
.Ǥ;;9,,,
Đảnh lễ
Bảo tháp Lauria
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³0һFGNK{QJQyLQKѭQJWURQJWkPW{LOX{QELӃWѫQFKDPҽ
PӛLNKLQJӗLWKLӅQKD\OjPÿѭӧFPӝWSKѭӟFVӵJu
W{LOX{QQJKƭWѭӣQJYjKӗLKѭӟQJSKѭӟFEiXÿӃQFKDPҽ´
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
0ҩ\ ÿrP OLӅQ WӕL QjR FK~QJ W{L FNJQJ [LQ QJө WҥL YѭӡQ
[RjL YѭӡQ YҧL ĈѭѫQJ ÿӝ [XkQ QKӳQJ Fk\ [RjL Yj Fk\ YҧL
FNJQJUӝE{QJFҧFKPWKѫPQJӑWKѭѫQJWKѭѫQJOHQOpQFKXL
YjRWұQOӅXW{L'kQFK~QJӣÿk\WX\ӣOjQJTXr[DQKѭQJKLӅQ
5
KұXYjFKҩWSKiFOҳP7Kҩ\ÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿLQJKӍGӑFÿѭӡQJ
KӑPDQJQѭӟFXӕQJUDF~QJGѭӡQJFKӍOjQѭӟFWURQJPӟLEѫP
ӡL .XVLQƗUƗ &kX 7KL &D FK~QJ W{L Eӝ KjQK YӅ
WӯJLӃQJOrQWK{LQKѭQJYұ\FNJQJTXêOҳPUӗL+ӑFzQQyLUҵQJ
5DPSXUZD PD Qj\ QKӳQJ Fk\ EѭӣL ÿѭѫQJ Uӝ
Km\QJӗLÿk\YjÿӧLFK~QJW{LPӝWO~FKӑÿLQҩXWUjFKDQKYj
E{QJ WURQJ JLy WKRҧQJ ÿkX ÿk\ KѭѫQJ WKѫP GuX
PXDEiQKTX\YӅF~QJGѭӡQJFKRÿRjQ7UӡLÿDQJQҳQJQyQJ
GӏXĈLJLӳDFiLOjQKOҥQKEDQViQJKѭѫQJEѭӣLQKѭQtXFKkQ
FK~WkQFҫQFӫDKӑNKLӃQFҧÿRjQFҧPWKҩ\PiWOzQJ7{LNK{QJ
QJѭӡLGXVƭӢÿk\OjQJTXrFNJQJ\rQҧQKѭTXrW{L1KӳQJ
QyLÿӃQ\ӃXWӕW{QJLiRQKѭQJQKӳQJKjQKÿӝQJTXDQWkPVҿ
FRQÿѭӡQJÿҩWEӝWGӑFWKHRGzQJNrQKQѭӟFWURQJ[DQKFNJQJ
FKLDFKRQKӳQJQJѭӡLTXDÿѭӡQJQKѭFK~QJW{LYұ\WKұWOjTXê
WUӣQrQPӡPӏWGѭӟLQKӳQJEѭӟFÿLWXQJEөLPQKӳQJFK~
ELӃWEDR
FKy ÿD QKDX WKiR FKҥ\ NKLӃQ EөL FXӕQ Wӭ WXQJ ĈL KӃW FRQ
Ӣ5DPSXUZDQj\YXD$VRND $'өF FKRGӵQJKDLWUөÿi
ÿѭӡQJQj\FKҳFWUѭDYӅNKӓLFҫQăQFѫPKtWPӝWEөQJEөLÿӃQ
Ĉk\OjÿLӅXÿһFELӋWEӣLWKѭӡQJFiFQѫLFKӍFyPӝWWUөÿi1ѫL
QRPҩW
Qj\PӝWWUөÿiJKLSKiSOӋQKFӫDQKjYXDÿӇSKәELӃQÿӃQGkQ
1KӳQJFk\JҥRWUөLOiKRDQӣÿҫ\Fk\GѭӟLJӕFFNJQJÿm
UөQJÿҫ\Ӣÿk\JҥRFyKDLPjXÿӓYjFDPWKLWKRҧQJFyFk\
ÿӝWELӃQKRDPjXYjQJFDPWU{QJWKұWOҥPjXQj\OҥWK{LFKӭ
PjXÿӓYүQWKҩ\ÿҽSKѫQFҧ1KuQFҧFk\ÿӓUӵFELӃWFiLJLi
EXӕW ÿm UӡL [D &iF Yӏ KӓL W{L9LӋW 1DP Fy KRD JҥR NK{QJ
FK~QJWUөFDRPJӕFWUөÿѭӡQJNtQKPÿӍQKWUөWXPOҥL
FzQFPÿҫXWKkQWUөFyÿөFOӛÿӇJҳQÿҫXWUө0һWFҳWÿҫXWKkQ
WUөKLӋQYүQFzQWKҩ\KuQKFһSFKLPNKәQJWѭӟF FKLPF{QJ ELӇX
WѭӧQJFӫDĈӃFKӃ0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF YjWUrQÿӍQKWUөOjKuQK
VѭWӱWѭӧQJWUѭQJYѭѫQJTX\ӅQÿӭFYXD
W{LQyLFyQKLӅXYjFyWKrPFҧPjXWUҳQJNKLӃQFiFYӏҩ\UҩW
%rQFҥQKOjWUөÿiÿiQKGҩXQѫL%ӗWiWFҳWWyF[XҩWJLDWҫP
NLQK QJҥF ³9LӋW 1DP Pj WKLӃX Ju´ W{L WUDQK WKӫ FKpP JLy
ÿҥRQKѭQJÿmEӏKѭKҥLQһQJJm\OjPÿ{LÿRҥQSKtDWUrQYӥUD
FK~W[tXFKӭ
WKjQKKDLPҧQK7UөQj\FNJQJGjLPJӕFWUөÿѭӡQJNtQKP
354
355
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
ÿӍQKWUөWXPOҥLFzQFPWUrQÿӍQKWUөWҥFFK~EzÿӵFWROӟQ
ĈLӇPÿӃQWLӃSWKHRFӫDÿRjQFK~QJW{LOj%ҧRWKiS/DXUL\D
PҥQKNKӓHWѭӧQJWUѭQJFKRVӭFPҥQKNpRYiFFӭXÿӝFK~QJ
ÿk\Oj%ҧRWKiSÿѭӧFQJѭӡL0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF ӣ3LSSKDOLYDQD
VDQKFӫD%ӗWiWĈk\OjÿLӅXW{LQJKHGkQÿӏDSKѭѫQJQyLFKӭW{L
[k\GӵQJÿӇWKӡ;iOӧL3KұWVDXNKLÿѭӧFFKLD7KiSFyFKLӅXFDR
NK{QJFyVӱOLӋXFKtQK[iFFiFYӏÿӯQJFyWLQOjWKұWQKpFKӍOj
JLҧWKX\ӃWWK{LFKѭDFyFXӝFQJKLrQFӭXFKtQKWKӭFQjRFKRJLҧ
WKX\ӃWQj\
+DLÿӍQKWUөÿiKLӋQÿѭӧFÿһWWURQJEҧRWjQJEDQJ%LKDUQѫL
PFKXYLWKiSPFyKuQKÿDJLiF9jRQăP$OH[DQGHU
&XQQLQJKDPWuPOҥLÿѭӧFWKiSQj\OLӅQWLӃQKjQKNKDLTXұWPӝW
SKҫQÿmWuPWKҩ\;iOӧLÿѭӧFÿһWWURQJKӝSÿiYjWѭӧQJQKӳQJ
FRQWK~EҵQJJӕPĈӃQQăPNKDLTXұWOҫQWKӭKDLWuPWKrP
ÿѭӧFUҩWQKLӅXWѭӧQJJӕPÿqQYjQKӳQJÿӗQJWLӅQFәFyÿөFOӛ
ÿk\FKӍFzQOҥLSKҫQWKkQ1KLӅXQăPWUѭӟFNKLÿӃQÿk\OҫQÿҫX
WKXӝFWULӅXÿҥL.XVKDQ+LӋQQD\%ҧRWKiSOjÿLӇPÿӃQѭDWKtFK
W{LWKҩ\KDLWUөÿiYүQQҵPJLӳDWUӡLFKӏXPѭDFKӏXQҳQJ1Jj\
FӫDGkQFK~QJTXDQKYQJYuQyUӝQJUmLPiWPҿQKѭF{QJYLrQ
QD\FKtQKTX\ӅQÿӏDSKѭѫQJQKұQWKӭFÿѭӧFJLiWUӏOӏFKVӱPDQJ
&KtQKTX\ӅQÿӏDSKѭѫQJYүQFKѭDELӃWWҫPTXDQWUӑQJFӫD%ҧR
WҫPTXDQWUӑQJOӟQQrQÿmFKRGӵQJQKjW{QÿӇEҧRYӋKDLWKkQ
WKiSOӏFKVӱQj\QrQFKѭDÿѭӧFTX\KRҥFKYjEҧRWӗQWӕW&RQ
WUөÿi
ÿѭӡQJGүQÿӃQ%ҧRWKiSYүQOjÿѭӡQJOjQJQKӓKҽSWUrQÿӍQK
.KLWҥRGӵQJKDLWUөÿiÿѭӧFÿһWWUrQKDLÿӗLÿҩWJҫQQKDX
7UҧLTXDWKӡLWLӃWPѭDQҳQJYjVөWO~QKDLWUөÿiQJm[XӕQJFKuP
YjROzQJÿҩW&KRWӟLQăPFiFQKjNKҧRFәNKDLTXұWQѫL
Qj\YjGLFKX\ӇQKDLWUөÿiÿһWVRQJVRQJYӟLQKDX7{LQKuQ
WKҩ\FiFKYjLUXӝQJPtDSKtDErQNLDYүQFzQPӝWÿӗLÿҩWWKҩS
YjFiFKPWK{LOjV{QJ$QRPDÿѭӧFEҳWQJXӗQWӯ1HSDOFKҧ\
YӅ ÿk\ 'R Vӵ EӗL OҩS Qy ÿm ÿӭW GzQJ NK{QJ FzQ FKXQJ GzQJ
FKҧ\YӟLNK~FV{QJ$QRPDSKtDWUrQQӳDJLӡFKӍQKѭPӝWFRQ
%ҧRWKiSFk\FӓPӑFXPWP
7{LUҩWKRDQKӹNKLK{PQD\ÿRjQNӏSÿӃQÿk\W{LOLӅQ[LQ
F~QJGѭӡQJWUDL7ăQJKӗLKѭӟQJSKѭӟFEiXÿӃQFKDPҽQKLӅXÿӡL
NLӃSFNJQJQKѭFKDPҽWURQJNLӃSQj\1Jj\Qj\QKLӅXQăPYӅ
WUѭӟFW{LÿѭӧFVLQKUDW{LELӃWѫQFKDPҽWKұWQKLӅX7{L[DJLD
ÿuQKWӯO~FFzQQKӓ[tXVDQJӣYӟLEjQJRҥLO~Fÿҩ\DLKӓLW{L
QyLW{LFRQFӫDQJRҥLFKӭNK{QJELӃWPuQKOjFRQFӫDEӕPҽKӃW
ӣYӟLQJRҥLW{LYӅӣYӟLQKjQӝLUӗL[XҩWJLD7{LYӕQNKҳFNKҭX
YӟLEӕQrQFKҧEDRJLӡQyLFKX\ӋQÿѭӧFYӟLQKDXQKLӅXFKӍYjL
OҥFKQKӓGӉGjQJQKҧ\TXDYjÿLEӝ[XӕQJÿѭӧF%rQNLDEӡ
EDFkXKӓLWKăPVӭFNKӓHUӗLWK{L0ҽW{LFNJQJNK{QJELӃWQyL
QKӳQJEөLODXÿuXKLXÿXQJÿѭDFҥQKQKӳQJFk\JҥRÿѭѫQJPD
FKX\ӋQJuPӛLNKLFyGӏSYӅWKăPQKjNKLQjRPҽFNJQJWҩWEұW
KRDUӵFÿӓ
FKӧE~DQҩXăQQrQFNJQJFKҷQJQyLFKX\ӋQYӟLPҽÿѭӧFQKLӅX
356
357
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
7{L[XҩWJLDWӯQKӓFKӍELӃWÿӡLVӕQJYjFKX\ӋQFӫDFKD
FzQFKX\ӋQJLDÿuQKEjFRQW{LFyELӃWJuÿӇQyLÿkX0mLUӗLW{L
FzQNK{QJELӃWEjFRQW{LOjDLQӳDFyPҩ\QJѭӡLÿӃQFKDKӓL
ÿѭӡQJOrQWKăPFӕF6ѭDQKW{L7{LKӓL
&iFFKiXOjDLPjOrQÿҩ\"
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
.tQKWKѭDFKDPҽWѭӡQJWUL
1JKƭUDPӟLELӃWOӛLQJKuѫQWUrQ
7ӯNKLKuQKWKӇFyQrQ
0ҽFKDEҧRGѭӥQJNӅErQNK{QJUӡL
&iFFKiXQyL
1һQJQӅFӵFQKӑFOҳP{L
&RQOjFKiXFӫD6ѭҩ\
&{QJFKDQJKƭDPҽNӇWK{LVDRFQJ
7{LKӓL
&RQ[LQÿҧQKOӉF~FFXQJ
9ұ\FiFFKiXFNJQJOjFKiXW{Lj
1JKLrQJPuQKSKӫSKөFPRQJGXQJWӝLUj\
&KX\ӋQ JLD ÿuQK W{L Y{ WkP Yұ\ ÿy &y OҫQ YӅ QKj WKҩS
WKRiQJEyQJiRYjQJӣQKjWUҿFRQFҧ[yPNpRTXDQKjW{LWKҩ\
6LPrXWӕLFKҷQJKD\
W{LFѭӡLFѭӡLFK~QJQyQyL
0ҽFKDVҫXNKәWKiQJQJj\KpRKRQ
.K{QJSKҧL6ѭ3K~F
+LӃXWkPKLӃXKҥQKNK{QJWUzQ
5ӗLWҧQÿLKӃWFҧ
ҨXWKѫÿmOӛLOӟQNK{QFNJQJOҫP
0һFGNK{QJQyLQKѭQJWURQJWkPW{LOX{QELӃWѫQFKDPҽ
PӛLNKLQJӗLWKLӅQKD\OjPÿѭӧFPӝWSKѭӟFVӵJuW{LOX{QQJKƭ
0ҽFKDѫQWUӑQJWuQKWKkP
WѭӣQJYjKӗLKѭӟQJSKѭӟFEiXÿӃQFKDPҽ0ӝWÿLӅXPӯQJFKR
1ҳQJPѭDGҫXGmLJLDQWUXkQQKӑFQKҵQ
JLDÿuQKFK~QJW{LFҧFKDPҽÿӅXOjQKӳQJQJѭӡL3KұWWӱWKXҫQ
+\VLQKKҥQKSK~FEҧQWKkQ
WKjQKFiFFKiXFNJQJYұ\W{LUҩW\rQOzQJÿӇÿLWUӑQFRQÿѭӡQJ
PjPuQKÿmFKӑQ.K{QJELӃWOjPWKӃQjRÿӇQyLKӃWOzQJELӃWѫQ
FӫDW{LÿӕLYӟLFKDPҽWURQJQJj\K{PQD\GѭӟLFKkQEҧRWKiS
&KӍPRQJFRQWUҿWKjQKQKkQWKjQKKLӅQ
OLQKWKLrQJW{L[LQÿҧQKOӉFKDPҽWӯ[DYj[LQPѭӧQOӡLEjL.Ӌ
0ҽFKDOj3KұWWҥLWLӅQ
6iP1JX\ӋQÿӇEj\WӓOzQJPuQK
/jWKҫ\WUѭӟFQKҩWSKҥPWKLrQWURQJQKj
358
359
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
<rXFRQWyFEҥFPjXKRD
+DLOҥ\FҫXÿҩQJVLQKWKjQK
4XêFRQKѫQFҧQJӑFQJjWѭULrQJ
6ӕQJWKHRFKiQKSKiSTXDQJPLQKPӝWQLӅP
7uQKWKѭѫQJ[X{LFKҧ\PӝWPLӅQ
%DOҥ\FK~QJFRQ[LQQJX\ӅQ
1KѭQJFRQQjRELӃWJLӳQLӅPNtQK\rX
7UӑQÿӡLVӕQJÿҥRJLHRGX\rQ1LӃWEjQ
Ĉ{LNKLSKҥPWKѭӧQJOҳPÿLӅX
1X{LFKDGѭӥQJPҽtWQKLӅXNӇF{QJ
0ҽFKDOѭӧQJFҧEDRGXQJ
&KRFRQViPKӕLWUӑQOzQJăQQăQ
7ӝLFRQEҩWKLӃXPX{QQJjQ
0ҽFKDGXӛLFiQKWD\YjQJ[iFKR
7uQKWKѭѫQJJLӑWQѭӟFFDPOӗ
*L~SFRQWKRiWNKӓLNKәÿӗOҫPPr
7ӯQD\FRQWUҿTXD\YӅ
6ӕQJÿӡLKLӃXWӱWUӑQEӅQKkQOXkQ
0ҽFKDViQJVXӕWWLQKWKҫQ
ĈҥRYjQJTX\QJѭӥQJFKX\rQFҫQWҩQWX
0ӝWOҥ\FҫXÿҩQJĈҥL7ӯ
0ҽFKDWUѭӡQJWKӑF{QJSKXWUӑQOjQK
360
361
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
C`ĺĠtdcO0a]YO03ĺQRľ\UUě\Pğ]bVt^;Oc`WgO
362
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
?Vt^ZĢ\VQĻOdcO0a]YO03ĺQĠļĶQYVĔQb`}\b`ĺĠtRľ\UĸAO[^c`eO
363
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxvIIŌƐOIMƧCƐPijƎQ/BVSJB
1ğ]bVt^;Oc`WgO
364
365
.Ǥ;;,;
Bảo tháp Kesariya
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³9ӟLOzQJELӃWѫQÿӕLYӟL7DP%ҧRYjĈӭF3KұWPӑLQJѭӡL
ÿmJySF{QJJySFӫD[k\PӝW%ҧRWKiSWRQKҩWWURQJFiF
%ҧRWKiSFәÿҥLPjW{LWӯQJELӃW´
Kỳ xxIx%ƐPijƎQ.FTBSJZB
M
ҩ\EӳDQD\WUӡLNK{QJFzQQKLӅXVѭѫQJOҥQKQӳDJLӡ
FKӍWKҩ\FiLQyQJYjQyQJKѫQPjWK{L&RQÿѭӡQJ
SKѫLGѭӟLWUӡLQҳQJFKDQJFKDQJEӕFKѫLORDQJORiQJ
QKӳQJÿ{LEjQFKkQEѭӟFÿLFKұPKѫQVRYӟLWKѭӡQJQJj\YDL
WKrPSKҫQWUƭXQһQJEӣLW~L[iFKÿHRWKrPQѭӟFXӕQJ7{LPDQJ
QѭӟFFӫDPuQKFzQPDQJWKrPSKҫQFKRFiFFK~F~QXӕQJFQJ
5ӗLFRQÿѭӡQJQyQJUiWFNJQJÿѭDFK~QJW{LÿӃQErQPӝW%ҧR
WKiSWROӟQÿDQJWURQJWKӡLNǤSKөFGӵQJ%ҧRWKiS.HVDUL\D
QѫLWѭӣQJQLӋPFKӛQJӗLOҫQFXӕLFQJFӫDĈӭF3KұWYӟLGkQ
FK~QJ9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ +D\WLQĈӭF7KӃ7{QVӁGLӋWÿӝYjÿk\
OjOҫQFXӕLFQJ1JjLJKpTXD9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ NKL1JjLUӡLÿL
GkQFK~QJÿmÿLWKHRVDX1JjL[DGRWXҫQ NP 1JjLGӯQJ
FKkQWҥLÿk\QJӗL[XӕQJWUrQPӝWJzÿҩWFyQKLӅXFk\[DQKEҧR
YӟLGkQFK~QJUҵQJ
7ҩWFҧFiFSKiSÿӅXY{WKѭӡQJFiFQJѭѫLFKӟFyVҫXNKә
6DXÿy1JjLNKX\rQKӑKm\WUӣYӅQKӳQJQJѭӡLGkQ9HVƗOL
7Ǥ ;i /\ OӋ QJҩQ WUzQJ ÿӭQJ QKuQ ĈӭF 7KӃ 7{Q NKXҩW GҫQ
WURQJWҫPPҳW
1JjL NK{QJ QKӳQJ FKӍ Gҥ\ FRQ ÿѭӡQJ WKRiW NKә FKR GkQ
FK~QJ Pj FzQ QKӡ ѫQ ĈӭF7DP %ҧR QKӳQJ WDL KӑD GӏFK EӋQK
368
SKiWVLQKӣÿk\ÿmFѭӟSÿLVLQKPҥQJUҩWQKLӅXQJѭӡLFNJQJÿѭӧF
GұSWҳW1JjLOjWKҫ\OjFKDOjQJѭӡLEҧRKӝWURQJOzQJKӑ1Kӡ
QKӳQJOӡLGҥ\FӫD1JjLPjKӑJLӳÿѭӧFNLQKWKjQKNK{QJEӏTXkQ
ÿӝLFӫD0ƗJDGKD 0D.LӋWĈj WK{QWtQK%ҵQJY{YjQWuQKFҧP
GkQFK~QJWLӉQÿѭD1JjLÿӃQWұQÿk\VDXNKL1JjLUӡLÿLFiFYӏ
WUѭӣQJOmRFiFYӏYѭѫQJWӱ/LFFKDYLEjQQKDX[k\GӵQJ%ҧRWKiS
WѭӣQJQLӋPQJD\QѫLJzÿҩWPj1JjLÿmQJӗLOҫQFXӕLQj\9j%ҧR
WKiS.HVDUL\DQKDQKFKyQJÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJYӟLOzQJELӃWѫQÿӕL
YӟL7DP%ҧRYjĈӭF3KұWPӑLQJѭӡLÿmJySF{QJJySFӫD[k\
PӝW%ҧRWKiSWRQKҩWWURQJFiF%ҧRWKiSFәÿҥLPjW{LWӯQJELӃW
7KiSFyKuQKWUzQYjNLӃQWU~FFҥQKÿDJLiFEDRYzQJQJRjL
UҩW ÿҽS QKӳQJ YLrQ JҥFK Fә YүQ FzQ QJX\rQ QpW KRD YăQ WLQK
[ҧRFKXYLQJj\QD\FzQOҥLFӫD%ҧRWKiSKѫQPFKLӅXFDR
KLӋQKѫQP/ҫQÿҫXWLrQNKLÿӃQÿҧQKOӉQѫLQj\W{LFӭQJӥ
KӑGӵDYjRQ~LÿӇ[k\OrQ%ҧRWKiSQKѭQJNK{QJQKӳQJWULӅQ
ÿҩWOjJҥFKPӫQUDVҥW[XӕQJQKӳQJFӝLFk\WRPӑFWUrQQӅQÿҩW
JҥFKҩ\WU{QJQKѭPӝWQJӑQÿӗL1Jj\QD\QJѭӡLWDYүQÿDQJ
WLӃQKjQKNKDLTXұW%ҧRWKiSUҩWQKLӅXNLӃQWU~FQӅQPyQJFKD
WKiSWXYLӋQ[XQJTXDQKWKiSFKtQKÿѭӧFOӝWKLrQ7KұWOjPӝW
%ҧRWKiSWROӟQFKӭDÿӵQJELӃWEDRWuQKFҧPYjVӵWULkQFӫDGkQ
FK~QJ9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ ÿӕLYӟLĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
'ӯQJ FKkQ WҥL %ҧR WKiS NKL EuQK PLQK YӯD Oy UҥQJ ÿRjQ
FK~QJ W{L ÿҳS \ PDQJ EiW UD NKX{Q YLrQ %ҧR WKiS ÿL EiW JLHR
GX\rQYjVDXÿyOjWөQJNLQKWULkQ7DP%ҧRWULkQFKѭWKLrQSKL
QKkQWKӑWKҫQÿmEҧRYӋQѫLQj\KѫQWKӃNӹTXD7UѭD[XӕQJ
7ăQJÿRjQQJKӍSKtDWUѭӟF%ҧRWKiSEXәLFKLӅXFK~QJW{LWӵGR
FKLrPEiLQѫLQj\
369
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
&KLӅX W{L OҥL UD NKX{Q YLrQ %ҧR WKiS OӵD PӝW NKRҧQJ ÿҩW
EҵQJWUҧLWҩPEҥWQKӓYjQJӗLWKLӅQ.K{QJ[DW{LOҳPFyPӝW
QKyPFiF6ѭWURQJÿRjQÿDQJQJӗL{QOҥLJLӟLEәQ3DWLPRNNKD
KӑÿӑFQKӓWK{LQKѭQJW{LQJKHUҩWU}ĈLӅXOҥNǤOjNKLWkP\rQ
WƭQKFKӍFҫQKѭӟQJWkPWӟLkPWKDQKOjQyÿѭӧFNKXӃFKÿҥLOrQ
UҩWQKLӅXOҫQW{LOҥLQKuQYjRÿӅPөFWKLӅQkPWKDQKELӃQPҩW
NKLW{L[ҧWKLӅQWKuKRjQJK{QÿmWtPVүPQѫLFKkQWUӡLÿҧQKOӉ
%ҧRWKiSW{LYӅQѫLWU~QJөFQJÿRjQ
+{P VDX ÿRjQ FK~QJ W{L QKҵP KѭӟQJ 9HVƗOL 7Ǥ ;i /\ WKҷQJWLӃQÿLӇPÿӃQÿҫXWLrQӣÿk\Oj%ҧRWKiS$UGKDQJD%ҧR
WKiSWѭӣQJQLӋPQJjLƖQDQGD $1DQ YӏWKӏJLҧFӫDĈӭF3KұW
1JjLFyQKLӅXF{QJÿӭFÿӕLYӟLYQJÿҩWQj\
ĈҫXWLrQOjNKL9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ [ҧ\UDWKLrQWDLGӏFKKRҥ
VXӕWQJj\ÿrP1JjLÿLTXDQKNLQKWKjQKWөQJÿӑFkQÿӭF7DP
%ҧRQKӡRDLÿӭF7DP%ҧRPjWDLKӑDWKҧ\ÿLӅXWDQELӃQ
Kỳ xxIx%ƐPijƎQ.FTBSJZB
FyEDWҫQJOӑQJWUҳQJ.KLÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF ÿӃQYLӃQJQѫL
Qj\%ҧRWKiSYjFiFF{QJWUuQKWURQJNKX{QYLrQÿѭӧFWUQJWX
OҥLÿӗQJWKӡLFKRGӵQJWUөÿiÿӇNӹQLӋPĈӃQWKӡL.XVKDQWӵ
YLӋQYjQKӳQJF{QJWUuQK[XQJTXDQKÿmVөSÿәFKӍFzQOҥL%ҧR
WKiSYjWUөÿi%ҧRWKiSOҥLÿѭӧFWUQJWXPӝWOҫQQӳDYӟLFKLӅX
UӝQJPYjFKLӅXFDROjP
6DXKѫQWKӃNӹGҫPPѭDGmLQҳQJ%ҧRWKiS[ѭDÿmEӏ
KѭKҥLQһQJJLӡFKӍFzQOjPӝWWKiSJҥFKÿһFFKLӅXFDRNK{QJ
ÿӃQP&yÿLӅXÿһFELӋWOjSKtDQDPFӫD%ҧRWKiSWUөÿiYүQ
FzQYҽQQJX\rQFK~VѭWӱQJӗLX\PmQKWUrQÿӍQKWUөQKuQYӅ
SKtD.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D QѫL3KұWQKұS1LӃWEjQ7UөÿiFDR
PWKkQWUөNK{QJJKLOҥLSKiSOӋQKKD\VӵNLӋQÿҥLÿӃ$VRND
$'өF ÿmÿӃQÿk\FKӍFyYjLKuQKYӁFKLPNKәQJWѭӟFELӇX
WѭӧQJFӫDĈӃFKӃ0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF YjtWGzQJFKӳÿmPӡ
FӫDWKӡLNǤ*XSWD
9jkQÿӭFWROӟQWKӭEDFӫD1JjLÿӕLYӟLKjQJKұXKӑF
1JjLWKXӝFOzQJWҩWFҧ3KұWQJ{QÿӇWUX\ӅQOѭXOҥLFKRPX{Q
ÿӡLVDX
1ѫLÿk\QJjLƖQDQGD $1DQ ÿmWөQJNLQK3DULWWD .LQKKӝ
WUu NKLӃQFKRWҩWFҧWKLrQWDLGӏFKKӑDWKҧ\ÿLӅXWDQELӃQ9j7ăQJ
ÿRjQFK~QJW{LVDXNKLÿLQKLӉXTXDQK%ҧRWKiSFNJQJQJӗLOҥL
FQJQKDXÿӑFWөQJEjLNLQK3DULWWD .LQKKӝWUu FҫXPRQJQKӡ
QăQJOѭӧQJWӕWOjQKQj\GӏFKEӋQKWKLrQWDLWUrQWKӃJLӟLFNJQJEӟW
ÿѭӧFSKҫQQjRPRQJWKD\
9ӟL ED Oê GR ÿy QJѭӡL GkQ 9HVƗOL 7Ǥ ;i /\ [k\ WKiS
$UGKDQJD WѭӣQJ QKӟ kQ ÿӭF FӫD 1JjL ƖQDQGD $ 1DQ WURQJ
NKX{QYLrQWӏQK[i.XWDJDUDVDODÿk\OjWӏQK[iĈӭF3KұWQJө
NKLGӯQJFKkQWҥL9HVƗOL 7Ǥ;i/\ Yj1JjLFNJQJQKұSKҥӣÿk\
%ҧRWKiSÿѭӧF[k\GӵQJWKHRNLӃQWU~FKuQKEuQKEiW~SErQWUrQ
+{PVDXFK~QJW{LÿLEiWWӯWKiS$UGKDQJDVDQJFKD7KiL
ӣÿk\'kQFK~QJYQJQj\FNJQJNK{QJNKiJLҧOҳPQKѭQJWKҩ\
FKѭ7ăQJÿLNKҩWWKӵFKӑFNJQJPDQJtWQKLӅXWKӭFăQUDF~QJ
GѭӡQJ9ӅYұWWKӵFҩ\FK~QJW{LWUӝQOҥLUӗLFKLDQKDXWKӑGөQJ
6DXJLӡăQWUѭDFK~QJW{LWҳPJLһWSKѫLSKyQJ.KLFiLQҳQJJҳW
ÆQÿӭFWKӭKDLFӫD1JjLÿӕLYӟLQӳJLӟL1JjLEDOҫQEҥFK
3KұW[LQFKRQJѭӡLQӳ[XҩWJLDWXKӑFWURQJJLiR3KiSFӫDĈӭF
3KұWYj1LÿRjQÿѭӧFWKjQKOұSOҫQÿҫXWLrQӣÿk\
370
371
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxIx%ƐPijƎQ.FTBSJZB
TXDÿL7ăQJÿRjQÿҳS\YDLWUiLÿLUDNKX{QYLrQ%ҧRWKiS;iOӧL
ÿҧQKOӉÿk\Oj%ҧRWKiSQѭӟFFӝQJKzD/LFFKDYL[k\GӵQJÿӇWKӡ
[iOӧL3KұWÿѭӧFWKӍQKYӅWӯ.XVLQƗUƗ &kX7KL&D &yPӝWÿLӅXKӃWVӭFÿһFELӋWOjWҩWFҧFiF%ҧRWKiSWKӡ;i
OӧL[ѭD;iOӧLÿӅXÿѭӧFÿһWWURQJKӝSÿiYjÿһWGѭӟLPһWÿҩW
1ăPWLӃQVƭ$6$OWHNDUÿmNKDLTXұW%ҧRWKiSQj\ÿmWuP
WKҩ\KӝSÿiÿӵQJ;iOӧL3KұWKLӋQKӝS;iOӧLQj\ÿDQJÿѭӧF
WUѭQJ Ej\ WҥL EҧR WjQJ 3DWQD9QJ Qj\ WKѭӡQJ KD\ Eӏ ONJ YjR
PDPѭDQrQ%ҧRWKiSÿmEӏSKiKӫ\KRjQWRjQQJj\QD\%ҧR
WKiSFKӍFzQOҥLPӝWQӅQPyQJFyPiLYzPFKHPѭDFKҳQQҳQJ
;ѭD %ҧR WKiS ÿѭӧF [k\ EҵQJ JҥFK Yj EQ ÿҩW Fy FKLӅX UӝQJ
PÿӃQWKӡLÿҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF WXVӱDWKjQKPQKѭQJ
QKӳQJWUұQONJOLrQWLӃSÿmNKLӃQWKiSÿәVұSFKӍFzQQӅQPyQJ
WUѫWUӑLQKѭKLӋQQD\
0D Qj\ QKӳQJ UһQJ OLӉX [XQJ TXDQK %ҧR WKiS Qӣ KRD
ÿӓ UӵF ÿXQJ ÿѭD GѭӟL QҳQJ ÿRjQ FK~QJ W{L ÿL QKLӉX TXDQK
%ҧRWKiSEDYzQJUӗLQJӗLOҥLQJKHWUѭӣQJÿRjQJLӟLWKLӋXYӅ
OӏFKVӱQѫLQj\YjWөQJNLQKQJӗLWKLӅQӣÿk\iQKQҳQJFKLӅX
QJKLrQJQJKLrQJEyQJFiFQKj6ѭÿәGjLEҩWÿӝQJEyQJFk\
OLӉXÿXQJÿѭD
ĈrP [XӕQJ ÿRjQ QJKӍ ӣ QJ{L FKD 7KiL QJRjL ÿӗQJ [D
WLӃQJFKLP³FKѫUDR´NrXNKҳFNKRҧLJӑLKqYӅ1KӳQJFѫQJLy
PLrQPDQÿHPWKHRKѫLQyQJSKҧYjROӅXWӯQJÿӧWOHQOpQÿLFҧ
YjRJLҩFQJӫW{LWUӣJLҩFPӗK{LѭӟWVNJQJ«
372
373
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxIx%ƐPijƎQ.FTBSJZB
1ğ]bVt^:SaO`WgO
374
375
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
1ğ]bVt^0`RVO\UO\ĴWbļĸ\U\Vĵv\ĠĽQQĻO=UuW0\O\RO0=O\
376
Kỳ xxIx%ƐPijƎQ.FTBSJZB
-1ğ]bVt^bVķGtZĶW?VĚbĸESaOZWCńGt;g
377
.Ǥ;;;
Đại học
VikRamShila
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³/ӡLNLQKWUrQQӅQ[ѭDWKiSFNJYDQJYDQJ
WKHROjQNKyLKѭѫQJED\FDRFDRPmLKzDYjRKѭNK{QJ´
Kỳ xxxŌƑJIƳD9JLSBNTIJMB
H
{PQD\ÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿLTXDV{QJ+ҵQJÿӃQWKjQK
SKӕ3DWQD/~F[ѭDÿk\OjWKjQKSKӕ3Ɨ৬DOLSXWWD +RD
7Kӏ 7KjQK WKXӝF YѭѫQJ TXӕF 0DJDGGKD 0D .LӋW
Ĉj GѭӟLTX\ӅQFDLWUӏFӫDYXD $MƗWDVDWWX $;j7KӃ 7KjQK
SKӕOjFӱDQJ}JLDRWKѭѫQJVҫPXҩWWӯ[ѭDFKRWӟLQD\QKӡJLDR
WK{QJWKXұQWLӋQFҧWKӫ\OүQEӝ.
ĈRjQFK~QJW{LJKpWKăPGLWtFKFKD$URJ\DQѫLYӏ
7KiQK7ăQJYjWǤNKѭXWөYӅNӃWWұS3KұWQJ{QOҫQWKӭEDYjR
NKRҧQJQăPVDXNKL3KұW1LӃWEjQGRYXD$VRND $'өF EҧRWUӧ*Lӡÿk\NKX{QYLrQFKDWKXӝFF{QJYLrQ$URJ\DUӝQJ
WҫPKD1JѭӡLÿӏDSKѭѫQJYjRWұSWKӇGөFNK{QJPҩWYpYjR
FӱDFѭGkQQJRjLWKjQKSKӕYpÿӗQJQJѭӡLQJRҥLTXӕF
ÿӗQJYjFK~QJW{LFKӍFҫQPXDYpFӫDQJѭӡLQJRjLWKjQK
SKӕWKұWOjPӝWVӵGXGLÿӕLYӟLWXVƭ
&{QJYLrQÿѭӧFEDRSKӫEӣLGLӋQWtFKOӟQFk\FDREyQJFҧ
QKӳQJWUҧQJFӓ[DQKUuÿѭӧFFҳW[pQFҭQWKұQ3KtD[D[DQJ{L
QKjPiLEҵQJFKHWUөÿiÿmJm\YjQKLӅXPҧQKÿiYӥ%rQFҥQK
ÿyOjKӗFҥQQѫLNKL[ѭDOjFKiQKÿLӋQGLӉQUDFXӝFNӃWWұS3KұW
QJ{QOҫQWKӭEDYӟLQӅQPyQJÿѭӧFFK{QVkXEӣLWәQJWKӇWUө
ÿi1KuQQKӳQJFӑFÿiFzQOҥLFNJQJELӃWÿѭӧFTX\P{QѫLQj\
WӯQJUӝQJOӟQNLQKNKӫQJ
380
Ĉk\ÿyWURQJNKX{QYLrQOjQKӳQJKӗQѭӟFSKtDGѭӟLKӗYj
GѭӟLOzQJÿҩWFzQUҩWQKLӅXQӅQPyQJFӫDSKzQJӕFÿӅQYLӋQ
1JѭӡLWDFKӍ[k\GӵQJOҥLPӝWtWWUrQPһWÿҩWÿӇGXNKiFKELӃWQѫL
ÿk\OjNKXYӵFNKҧRFә.KLNK{QJÿӫNLQKSKtEҧRWӗQWKuKRjQ
WKәWUӣOҥLVӁEҧRYӋGLWtFKÿѭӧFOkXKѫQ
6DXNKLÿҧQKOӉYjWөQJNLQKӣ$URJ\DÿRjQFK~QJW{LGӵ
ÿӏQKJKpWKăPEҧRWjQJӣWKjQKSKӕ3DWQDQj\ÿӇÿҧQKOӉ;iOӧL
3KұWÿDQJWUѭQJEj\ӣÿk\1KѭQJNK{QJPD\WKD\K{PQD\UѫL
YjRWKӭKDLOjQJj\EҧRWjQJÿyQJFӱD1JѭӡLJLӳFӱDQyLUҵQJ
QKӳQJQJj\FXӕLWXҫQOѭӧQJNKiFKÿӃQÿk\UҩWÿ{QJQKkQYLrQ
EҧRWjQJOjPYLӋFFXӕLWXҫQQrQQJKӍEYjRQJj\ÿҫXWXҫQĈLӅX
Qj\FNJQJKӧSOêQKѭQJTXҧWKұWOjÿiQJWLӃFNKLFK~QJW{LOӥGӏS
FKLrPEiLÿҧQKOӉ;iOӧL3KұW&K~QJW{LFKҳSWD\ÿҧQKOӉWӯ[D
YjUӡLÿLQKҵPKѭӟQJ9LNUDPVKLODWKҷQJWLӃQ
9LNUDPVKLODFiFK3DWQDWҫPKѫQNPYӅSKtDĈ{QJFK~QJ
W{LÿLPHQWKHRFRQV{QJ+ҵQJOLQKWKLrQJFXӗQFXӝQFKҧ\&RQ
QѭӟFFNJQJ[X{LGzQJWKHRKѭӟQJFK~QJW{LÿL1KӳQJFk\FҫX
GjLYҳWQJDQJV{QJNKLWKuErQQj\NKLWKuErQNLDV{QJÿRjQ
FK~QJW{LÿӝLQҳQJÿLYӅSKtDWUѭӟF&yÿRҥQÿѭӡQJWҫPNP
KDLErQWUӗQJQKӳQJFk\E~QYjVҫXÿ{QJ[HQNӁQKDXĈѭѫQJ
PDKRDQKӳQJFk\VҫXÿ{QJKRDOLWLPjXWLPWtPQKLӅXFk\
KRDE~QQӣUӝWӯQJFKPWUҳQJYjQJFKHNKXҩWFҧOi&RQÿѭӡQJ
PD[XkQGjLPҧLPLӃW[DQKPѫQÿҫ\KRDSKӫWKұWÿҽSFK~QJ
W{LQ~SPuQKGѭӟLEyQJFk\QKӳQJEXәLWUѭDQyQJ0HQGӑFEӡ
V{QJQKӳQJFiQKÿӗQJO~DPuÿmFKtQYjQJQKӳQJWKӱDUXӝQJ
QJ{ÿDQJUDTXҧEҳSQJ{EpR~KRDQJ{SKҧQJSKҩWWKѫPGӏX
PjX[DQKWUSK~PLrQPDQJLyV{QJPiWUѭӧLOjPWDQÿLFiL
QҳQJJҳWFӫDQKӳQJFKһQJÿѭӡQJ[DQJiL
381
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Ĉk\OjOҫQÿҫXWLrQÿRjQGX7ăQJFK~QJW{LJKpÿӃQYQJQj\
PӛLNKLFK~QJW{LGӯQJOҥLQJKӍFKkQQJѭӡLGkQKLӃXNǤNpRUD
[HPONJOѭӧW6DXNKLÿLEiWYӅFK~QJW{LWөQJNLQKTXiQWѭӣQJYj
WKӑWKӵFWKuKjQJWUăPiQKPҳWTXDQViWYjNK{QJQJӯQJFKӍWUӓ
EjQOXұQ&K~QJW{LWKҩ\FNJQJQKѭ³FK͡´PjWK{LFKiQKQLӋPÿһW
WUѭӟFPһWYjWӯWӕQWKӑWKӵF.KLFKLӅXYӅOӅXWUҥLÿѭӧFÿһW[XӕQJ
FK~QJW{LEXQJOӅXWUҥLOrQOjKӑÿӃQWӯQJOӅXKӓLWKăP+ӑQyLWLӃQJ
ҨQW{LWUҧOӡLEҵQJWLӃQJ9LӋWQKѭQJFNJQJKLӇXQKDX+ӑKӓLFK~QJ
W{LOjDLÿLÿkXFiLOӅXQj\[ӃSWKӃQjREҥQFyWKӇ[ӃSFKRW{L[HP
NK{QJYjWӕLQD\FiFEҥQFyQҩXăQJuNK{QJWK{LWKuFҧWUăPFkX
KӓL&K~QJW{LGһQQKDXDLNK{QJPXӕQWUҧOӡLKm\LPOһQJKӑVӁÿL
TXDKӓLQJѭӡLNKiFDLYXLOzQJWUҧOӡLWKuKm\YXLYҿ1KѭQJDLWUҧ
OӡLOjQJѭӡLGkQEXTXDQKFKұWNtQÿӃQNK{QJPXӕQWKӣQәL
1KӳQJ EjQ FKkQ GL FKX\ӇQ OjP WXQJ EөL P UӗL FiL QҳQJ
QyQJFNJQJTXDÿLWKұWEҩWQJӡFK~QJW{LQKұQÿѭӧFFѫQPѭDUjR
ѭӟWVNJQJPiWUѭӧLĈLÿk\FKҧPҩ\NKLÿѭӧFWҳPQѭӟFVҥFKYj
PiWPҿWKӃQj\QrQDLFNJQJFѭӡL1KѭQJPӝWFѫQKDLFѫQUӗL
PӝWQJj\KDLQJj\YjEDQJj\QөFѭӡLWҳWOӏP0ѭDUjRUjRFӭ
WKӃKҳWYjRPһWÿ{LP{LDLQҩ\WtPEҫPÿLQJѭӡLѭӟWVNJQJUXQ
UXQ/ӅXFK~QJW{LFѫEҧQOjORҥLOӅXNK{QJWKҩPQѭӟFQKѭQJÿm
VӱGөQJQKLӅXQJj\OLrQWөFQrQOӟSQKӵDÿmERQJWUyFYjPzQ
YҽWKӃWFҧQrQPѭD[XӕQJQѭӟFWKHRFiFÿѭӡQJPzQWKҩPYjR
ErQWURQJĈrPQJӫSKtDWUrQOӅXFK~QJW{LFKHWKrPPӝWKRһF
KDLOӟSEҥWÿӇQJăQPѭDNKLGӵQJOӅXWKuOӵDFKӛFDRNK{QJEӏ
ÿӑQJQѭӟFQKѭQJÿyOjÿLӅXNLӋQOêWѭӣQJ&yQKLӅXYӏÿLWӟL
ÿLӇPGӯQJFKkQPXӝQYuQKLӅXOêGRNKLҩ\WUӡLÿmWӕLNK{QJ
QKұQUDÿѭӧFFKӛQjRWKҩSFKӛQjRFDRWKҩ\QѫLWUӕQJWKuGӵQJ
382
Kỳ xxxŌƑJIƳD9JLSBNTIJMB
OӅXWK{L\QKѭUҵQJÿrPPѭDQѭӟFÿӑQJOҥLWKҩPWӯGѭӟLOrQ
ViQJGұ\\iRѭӟWVNJQJQKuQWKұWWKѭѫQJ
&yQKLӅXNKLPѭDTXiOӟQQѭӟFJLӳDÿӗQJGkQJQKDQKWӯQJ
FKLӃFOӅXQәLOrQQKѭQKӳQJӕFÿҧRJLӳDGzQJQѭӟFÿөFQKӳQJ
ÿ{LGpSNK{QJNӏSFҩWYjROLӅQEӏQѭӟFFXӕQÿL1ѭӟFYk\TXDQK
WKҩPGҫQYjROӅXWKҩPGҫQYjRÿӗWKҩPGҫQYjRJLҩFQJӫYjNê
ӭFFK~QJW{L1KӳQJÿrPQKѭWKӃQj\OӵDÿѭӧFPӝWFKӛFDRQJө
WURQJPӝWPiLQKjWKұWTXêJLiELӃWEDR1KLӅXQJj\QҳQJPӗK{L
ѭӟWUѭӧWUӗLPѭD[XӕQJ\iRFKѭDNӏSNK{OҥLѭӟWNKLӃQGDEӏҭP
PӑFQҩP&K~QJW{LNK{QJ³WKDWKX´PjKRDYăQFNJQJWӵKLӋQ
QKӳQJKRDYăQFyPӝWNK{QJKDLQyNK{QJÿDXFKӍQJӭDWK{L
5ӗLPӝWEXәLWUѭDFK~QJW{LFNJQJÿӃQÿѭӧF9LNUDPVKLOD
7UѭӡQJ ĈҥL KӑF 3KұW JLiR ÿѭӧF +RjQJ ÿӃ 'KDUPDSƗOD 3KiS
+ӝ ViQJOұSWURQJNKRҧQJFXӕLWKӃNӹWKӭ9,,ÿҫXWKӃ
NӹWKӭ9,,,.KLQKұQWKҩ\VӵVX\JLҧPFKҩWOѭӧQJJLҧQJGҥ\ӣ
1ƗODQGD Yj Vӵ SKkQ FKLD WUX\ӅQ WKӕQJ KӋ SKiL PҥQK PӁ ÿDQJ
GLӉQUDӣÿk\+RjQJÿӃ'KDUPDSƗOD 3KiS+ӝ ÿmFKR[k\GӵQJ
9LNUDPVKLODÿӇSKiWWULӇQGzQJ3KұWJLiR.LPFѭѫQJWKӯD7KӡL
NǤÿӍQKFDRQѫLÿk\WӯQJFyKjQJWUăPJLiRVѭYjKѫQKӑF
VLQKWKHRKӑF5ҩWQKLӅXKӑFJLҧѭXW~WKHRKӑFӣÿk\WUѭӟFNKL
UDQѭӟFQJRjLKRҵQJSKiS$WLVKD'LSDxNƗUD OjPӝW
ÿҥLVѭYjOjQJѭӡLViQJOұS7kQSKiL 6DUPD FӫD3KұWJLiR7k\
7ҥQJWӯQJWKHRKӑFӣÿk\
9LNUDPVKLODNKLҩ\SKiWWULӇQNK{QJWKXD1ƗODQGDOjPҩ\
ÿӃQQăPNKL%DNKWL\DU.KDOMLÿiQKEҥL/DNVKPDQD6HQD
Yӏ YXD QJѭӡL +LQGX FXӕL FQJ FӫD %HQJDO WKu 9LNUDPVKLOD Eӏ
383
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
WҩQF{QJYjWKLrXKӫ\7URQJÿrPÿHQÿӝLTXkQFӫD%DNKWL\DU
.KDOMLWѭӣQJÿk\OjPӝWWKjQKWUuQrQWҩQF{QJYjWKLrXKӫ\Qy
6DXÿyQJ{LWUѭӡQJEӏTXrQOmQJKjQJWKӃNӹÿӃQNKL/DNVKPL
.DQWD0LVKUDWuPWKҩ\JҥFKQJyLYjFҩXWU~FQJ{LWUѭӡQJWӯPӝW
JzÿҩWӣOjQJ$QWLFKDNÐQJJӱLQKӳQJYLrQJҥFKÿӃQÿҥLKӑF
3DWQDÿӇQJKLrQFӭX.KRD.KҧRFәKӑFFӫDWUѭӡQJYj$6, 7KH
$UFKDHRORJLFDO6XUYH\RI,QGLD1JKLrQ&ӭXҨQĈӝ EҳWÿҫX
NKDL TXұW NKX YӵF Qj\ WURQJ JLDL ÿRҥQ $6, 7KH
$UFKDHRORJLFDO6XUYH\RI,QGLD1JKLrQ&ӭXҨQĈӝ WLӃQKjQK
PӝWFXӝFNKDLTXұWNKiFYjWuPWKҩ\PӝWNKXYӵFWXYLӋQOӟQYj
EҧRWKiSKuQKFKӳWKұSӣWUXQJWkP'LWtFKQj\KLӋQFKLӃPGLӋQ
WtFKNKRҧQJP;XQJTXDQKWKiSFKtQKFySKzQJӕF
GjQKFKRFiFJLiRVѭӣÿӇJLҧQJGҥ\ӣÿk\
Kỳ xxxŌƑJIƳD9JLSBNTIJMB
NKLNKDLTXұWQѫLQj\WKuFKӍFzQPӝWtWQӅQPyQJFӫDSKzQJӕF
WKiSFKtQK[ѭDFNJQJVөSÿәJҫQKӃWQKӳQJEӭFWѭӧQJYjQKӳQJ
WUөÿiFyKRDYăQÿmÿѭӧFPDQJYjREҧRWjQJWURQJNKX{QYLrQ
ÿӇWUѭQJEj\EҧRTXҧQ
6DXNKLÿLWӵGRQJyQJKLrQJQѫLQj\QѫLNLDFK~QJW{LWұS
WUXQJOҥLWUrQQӅQFDRFӫDWKiSFKtQKÿӇPӣNKyDNLQKKӗLKѭӟQJ
SKѭӟFEiXPjFK~QJW{LÿmOjPÿѭӧFÿӃQFKѭWKLrQSKLQKkQ
WKӑ WKҫQ Fѭ QJө QѫL ÿk\ /ӡL NLQK WUrQ QӅQ [ѭD WKiS FNJ YDQJ
YDQJWKHROjQNKyLKѭѫQJED\FDRFDRPmLKzDYjRKѭNK{QJ
Pҩ\ÿiPPk\KӳQJKӡWU{LWKҧUѫLEyQJPuQKWUrQWѭӡQJJҥFKOә
ORDQJÿҫXWѭӡQJO~QK~Pҩ\FөPFӓ[DQK
ĈӃQQѫLQj\FKLrPTXDQYLӋQEҧRWjQJFK~QJWDGӉGjQJ
QKұQUDÿk\ÿtFKWKӵFOjGLWtFKFӫDGzQJ3KұWJLiR.LPFѭѫQJ
WKӯD FiF EӭF WѭӧQJ FiF ORҥL KRD YăQ ÿӅX QyL OrQ ÿӅX ÿy UҩW
WLӃFWURQJEҧRWjQJNK{QJÿѭӧFFKөSKuQKQӃXFKRSKpSW{LVӁ
FKөSÿӇTXêYӏGӉKuQKGXQJ5ӡLEҧRWjQJW{LÿLYjRNKX{QYLrQ
FKtQK FӫD 9LNUDPVKLOD WUѭӟF PҳW W{L Oj QKӳQJ WUҧQJ Fӓ [DQK
SKҷQJ Ou Yj QKӳQJ SKzQJ ӕF EDR TXDQK WKiS FKtQK YӅ Wӭ SKtD
QKѭWѭӡQJWKjQK
4XêYӏFyWKӇKuQKGXQJWKӃQj\WKiSFKtQKFӫDWUѭӡQJOj
PӝWGҩXFӝQJ FiFKWKiSFKtQKUDWҫPPOjSKzQJӕFNpR
GjL WKHR KuQK YX{QJ EDR TXDQK WKiS FKtQK QKѭ PӝW Eӡ WѭӡQJ
YӳQJFKҳFFKtQKNLӃQWU~FQj\ÿmOjPFKRTXkQÿӏFKWURQJÿrP
ÿHQQKҫPWѭӣQJÿk\OjWKjQKONJ\7KӡLJLDQÿmYLOҩSTXiOkX
384
385
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxŌƑJIƳD9JLSBNTIJMB
íĞWVIJQEWY`O[aVWZO
386
387
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxŌƑJIƳD9JLSBNTIJMB
2VŠO0`]UgO\ĴW!dĪbVt\VCē\UdubńYVļc
bĺdģYġbbĚ^?VĚb\U†\Zě\bVĽPO
388
389
.Ǥ;;;,
Viếng Đại học
Nalanda
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³1KӳQJWѭӡQJJҥFKWKҩSÿәEyQJOrQÿiPFӓPD\ÿDQJ
WUәE{QJWUҳQJ[yDQKӳQJEjQFKkQQJѭӡLTXDOҥLÿҥSOrQ
ÿiPFӓ[LrXYҽRYjÿҥSOrQQJjQQăPOӏFKVӱ´
Kỳ xxxI9JƦOHōƑJIƳD1BMBOEB
EҩWWұQWU{QJUDV{QJUӝQJPjFҧPJLiFQKѭÿӭQJWUѭӟFELӇQ
*Ly V{QJ OӗQJ OӝQJ QKӳQJ FӗQ FiW JLӳD V{QJ WXQJ EөL P
QKӳQJ FRQ WKX\ӅQ TXD OҥL WUrQ GzQJ QѭӟF WU{QJ QKӓ Ep Yj
PRQJPDQKTXiÿӛL
&
&K~QJW{LGӯQJFKkQQJӫFҥQKEӡV{QJWKuPiWQKѭQJJLy
OӟQNKLEXQJOӅXUDSKҧLOҩ\KjQKOêFKһQKDLÿҫXOӅXFKӭNK{QJ
K~QJW{LOҥLÿLGӑFEӡV{QJ+ҵQJQJѭӧFFRQQѭӟFYӅSKtD
OjQyED\PҩW1KӳQJÿrPQJӫFҥQKV{QJWKұWWKtFKYӯDPiWYӯD
1ƗODQGDĈ{LEӡQKӳQJUXӝQJO~DFKtQYjQJQKӳQJWKӱD
ÿӥUXӗLPXӛL0DQj\QҳQJOrQWUrQÿҩWҨQQj\UXӗLQKLӅXY{
QJ{ [DQK PѭӟW TXҧ WR Eӵ &RQ ÿѭӡQJ ErQ Eӡ V{QJ VDX
NӇPXӛLFyWKӇăQOX{QWKӏWQJѭӡLFKӭFKҧFKѫL
QKӳQJFѫQPѭDNK{QJFzQWXQJEөLJLyV{QJWKәLWj\ED\ED\
WKұW ÿҽS 1KӳQJ FK~ pQ NK{QJ QJӯQJ FKDR OѭӧQ NLӃP ăQ Eҫ\
FKLPFKLӅQFKLӋQFKuDY{LQKtQKҧQKWtWiFKQKҧ\GӑFQKӳQJEӡ
UXӝQJÿjQWUkXÿHQWUNJLGҫPPuQKWҳPPiWGѭӟLV{QJFNJQJQJҥF
QKLrQQJѭӟFQKuQÿRjQFK~QJW{LÿLTXD
6DXQKӳQJFKһQJÿѭӡQJGjLFK~QJW{LFNJQJNӏSÿӃQ1ƗODQGD
NKLWUӡLVүPWӕLӢNKXYӵFQj\FyFKD7KiLQrQFK~QJW{L[LQ
YjRFKDQJӫViQJK{PVDXPӟLÿLFKLrPTXDQ9QJQj\YӕQ
OjOjQJFӫDQJjL6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW OjEұFWѭӟQJTXkQFӫD
FKiQKSKiSQJѭӡLWKD\ĈӭF7KӃ7{QJLҧQJSKiSÿӃQWӭFK~QJ
1KӳQJOzJҥFKQKҩSQK{ÿҩWӣÿk\FyQKLӅXFKҩWVpWQrQFKӍ
PӛLNKL1JjLYҳQJPһWĈһFELӋW1JjLOjQJѭӡLÿѭӧFĈӭF7KӃ
FҫQQKjRQѭӟFEӓYjRNKX{QSKѫLNK{QXQJOrQOjWKjQKJҥFK
7{QFKӍÿӏQKJLҧQJJLҧLVkXUӝQJ$EKLGKDPPD 9L'LӋX3KiS 1KѭQJPҩ\K{PQD\WUӡLPѭDPѭDTXiOӟQVkQWKjQKKӗQKӳQJ
ÿӃQFKѭ7ăQJ1L1rQWӯÿyQJRjLOjYӏKX\QKWUѭӣQJEұFWѭӟQJ
YLrQJҥFKÿҩWFKѭDQXQJSKѫLJLӳDVkQOҥLPӫQUDWKjQKEQEDR
TXkQFӫDFKiQKSKiS1JjLFzQÿѭӧFJӑLEҵQJFiLWrQWUuXPӃQOj
PӗK{LF{QJVӭFEӛQJWU{LWKHRGzQJQѭӟF1KuQQKӳQJFҧQKQj\
1ƗODQGD 1JѭӡLWUDRWULWKӭF VDRWKұWWKѭѫQJQKӳQJQJѭӡLQJKqRNKәOX{QOjQKӳQJQJѭӡLGӉ
EӏҧQKKѭӣQJNKLFyELӃQFӕ[ҧ\UD
.KLELӃWWKӑKjQKFӫDPuQKVҳSFKҩPGӭW1JjLEҥFK3KұW[LQ
SKpSÿѭӧFQKұS1LӃWEjQWUѭӟF1ѫL1JjLQKұS1LӃWEjQOjFăQ
0ҩ\ ÿrP OLӅQ EXәL WӕL FK~QJ W{L Kҥ WUҥL FҥQK Eӡ V{QJ
SKzQJ1JjLVLQKUD0һFGDQKHP1JjLWKHR3KұW[XҩWJLDYj
&iF Yӏ Uӫ QKDX UD V{QJ WҳP JLһW ĈӭQJ QKuQ V{QJ +ҵQJ Wӯ
ÿӅXOjQKӳQJEұFWKiQKNLӋW[XҩWQKѭQJPҽ1JjLYүQNK{QJWLQ
WUrQFDRWKҩ\UӝQJPrQKPDQJKDLErQEӡOjQKӳQJEmLEӗL
3KұWPjFzQKҵQKӑFYӟLFiFYӏ6DP{QOjÿҵQJNKiF%jQJKƭYu
[DQKPѭӟWFҥQKV{QJYjJLӳDV{QJOjQKӳQJEӡFiWGjLQKѭ
FiFYӏ6DP{QÿmGөGӛPjFRQEjEӓQKjVӕQJ³FEҩWFEѫ´KӃW
392
393
Kỳ xxxI9JƦOHōƑJIƳD1BMBOEB
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
ÿӭDQj\ÿӃQÿӭDNKiF1JjLSKҧLGQJFҧVLQKPҥQJPuQKÿӇFKR
PҽWKҩ\ÿѭӧFRDLÿӭF7DP%ҧRPjTX\QJѭӥQJWUӣWKjQKPӝW
3KұWWӱWKXҫQWKjQK.KLPҽ1JjLWKҩ\ÿѭӧFSKiSOjO~F1JjLWӯ
EӓWKӑKjQKY{Gѭ1LӃWEjQÐLEұFÿҥLKLӃXPX{QWULӋXQăPPӟL
[XҩWKLӋQPӝWOҫQ 6iQJQJj\FK~QJW{LÿҳS\PDQJEiWÿLYjROjQJNKҩWWKӵF
GkQOjQJӣÿk\FNJQJQJKqROҳPQKѭQJNKLWKҩ\ÿRjQFK~QJW{L
DLFyJuăQÿѭӧFOjQJѭӡLWDPDQJUDF~QJQJѭӡLF~QJQJ{QJѭӡL
F~QJJҥRQJѭӡLF~QJNKRDLWk\ӟWFjÿӫFҧ1ăPQjRNKLÿӃQ
ÿk\FK~QJW{LÿӅXYjROjQJNKҩWWKӵFQrQGkQOjQJNK{QJOҥOүP
NKLWKҩ\FҧÿRjQFKѭ7ăQJÿLEiW
ĈLӇPFXӕLFQJÿLEiWOjQӅQQKjFӫDQJjL6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL
3KҩW [ѭD1KuQQӅQJҥFKFzQOҥLPrQKP{QJFNJQJELӃWÿѭӧFO~F
ҩ\QKjFӫDQJjLOjFӵSK~YQJQj\7UrQQӅQJҥFKҩ\KLӋQQD\
FKӍFzQOҥLPӝWQJ{LÿӅQWURQJÿӅQÿһWPӝWWѭӧQJ3KұWEҵQJÿi
ÿHQQJ{LÿӅQFKұWFKӝLFӱDVҳWNKyDFKһWQKuQYjRFҧPJLiFQKѭ
SKRWѭӧQJEӏQKӕWOҥLYұ\6DXNKLJLҧQJFKRFiFYӏPӟLÿLWӟLÿk\
OҫQÿҫXELӃWQѫLQj\OjQѫLQJjL 6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW [ҧEӓ
EiRWKkQÿiSÿӅQѫQVLQKWKjQKYӏWUѭӣQJÿRjQEҳWWKӡLNLQKÿӇ
KӗLKѭӟQJSKѭӟFEiXÿӃQFKѭWKLrQSKLQKkQWKӑWKҫQOX{QFѭ
QJөYjEҧRYӋQѫLQj\
/ӡL NLQK 3ƗশL YDQJ YDQJ OүQ WURQJ OӡL NLQK ҩ\ Oj PӝW YjL
WLӃQJNKyFWRWLӃQJNKyFQKѭPӝWFѫQGӏFKEӋQKOk\ODQQKDQK
ऺ2 4ऺ"¥=4;@??,ऺ஫'†ऺ̵4ऺ3˷?஬ऺ?3˿?ऺ>̓ऺ8̭4ऺ7 ऺµ̙ऺ93˷?ऺµ˳4ऺ34̑@யऺ92 4ऺ:22,77¥9,ऺ
஫̷.ऺ4̓9ऺ49஬ऺ.3̛ऺ7 ऺµ̙ऺ93̝ऺµ˳4ऺ34̑@ற
(1)
394
FKӍFzQPӝWYjLYӏWөQJNLQKÿDVӕLPOһQJWK~WWKtWPӝWVӕYӏ
FKҥ\UDJyF[DNKyFOӟQW{LFNJQJQKDQKFKkQÿLUD[DODXÿLÿ{L
GzQJOӋ
9jRWKӃNӹWKӭ,,,WUѭӟF7k\OӏFKĈҥLÿӃ$VRND $'өF ÿyQJ
ÿ{ӣ3Ɨ৬DOLSXWWD +RD7Kӏ7KjQK FiFKQJ{LOjQJ[ѭDFӫDQJjL
6ƗULSXWWD ;i /ӧL 3KҩW NP ÿm Kҥ OӋQK [k\ GӵQJ PӝW QJ{L
FKDWҥLÿk\YjÿһWWrQOj1ƗODQGD 1JѭӡLWUDRWULWKӭF +DL%ҧR
WKiS OӟQ ÿѭӧF [k\ WURQJ NKX{Q YLrQ FKD ÿӇ WѭӣQJ QLӋP QJjL
6ƗULSXWWD ;i /ӧL 3KҩW Yj 0RJJDOOƗQD 0өF .LӅQ /LrQ KDL
QJѭӡLFRQNLӋW[XҩWFӫDPҧQKÿҩWQj\ 6DXNKL[k\GӵQJ[RQJ
ÿҥLÿӃ$VRNDWKӍQKPӡLQKӳQJYӏ7ăQJX\rQWKkP3KұWSKiSÿӃQ
ÿk\WU~QJөWLӃSWөFF{QJYLӋFKRҵQJWUX\ӅQNLӃQWKӭF3KұWKӑF
ÿӃQWӭFK~QJĈӭFYXDFzQEDQVҳFOӋQKFKRQJ{LOjQJOkQFұQ
1ƗODQGDNK{QJFҫQSKҧLQӝSWKXӃFKRWULӅXÿuQKPjKӑFyEәQ
SKұQF~QJGѭӡQJWӭVӵYjORFKRFKD1ƗODQGDPjWK{L+kPPӝ
GDQKWLӃQJQKӳQJYӏ6ѭX\rQWKkP3KұWSKiSӣÿk\QKӳQJQJѭӡL
WҫPFҫXKӑF3KұWÿmÿӃQ1ƗODQGD[LQKӑFUҩWÿ{QJFKҷQJPҩ\
FKӕFFKDWUӣWKjQKWUѭӡQJKӑFYDQJGDQKWRjQF}LҨQĈӝ
6DXNKLĈӃFKӃ0DXU\Ɨ .KәQJ7ѭӟF GLӋWYRQJÿӃQWKӡL
KRjQJWULӅX*XSWD JLӳDWKӃNӹ,,,ÿӃQWKӃNӹ9, WLӃSWөFӫQJKӝ
YLӋFWUX\ӅQWUDRNLӃQWKӭFQѫLÿk\1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ ÿѭӧF
Pӣ UӝQJ TX\ P{ OѭX WU~ Pӣ UӝQJ NLӃQ WKӭF JLҧQJ Gҥ\ WKjQK
QKLӅXW{QJKӋSKiLQKLӅXEӝP{QQKѭWULӃWKӑFYăQKӑFWKLrQ
ऺ2 4ऺ"¥=4;@??,ऺ஫'†ऺ̵4ऺ3˷?஬ऺ.—9ऺ.˜ऺ?9ऺ7 ऺ$;,?4>>,ऺ஫?9ऺ7 92஬யऺ92 4ऺ:22,77¥9,ऺ
஫̷.ऺ4̓9ऺ49஬ऺ.—9ऺ.˜ऺ?9ऺ7 ऺ:74?,ऺ஫?9ऺ7 92஬றऺ,4ऺ7 92ऺ̱ऺ2˹9ऺ93,@றऺ%‘ऺ?3‡9ऺ
>493ऺ.̹,ऺ92 4ऺ"¥=4;@??,ऺ஫'†ऺ̵4ऺ3˷?஬ऺ7 ऺ?=ȷ̱92ऺ24†:யऺ?3‡9ऺ>493ऺ.̹,ऺ92 4ऺ̷.ऺ
4̓9ऺ49ऺ7 ऺ7¡ऺ?=ȷ̱92ऺ99ऺµȷ̵.ऺ<@D̓9ऺ7˷Dऺ?9ऺ7 92ऺµ̉?ऺ?9ऺ.3:ऺ.:9ற
(1)
395
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
YăQKӑF\KӑFVӕKӑFÿҥRKӑFYj1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ WUӣWKjQKWUѭӡQJÿҥLKӑF3KұWJLiRÿҫXWLrQWUrQWKӃJLӟL1KӳQJ
Yӏ7ăQJÿLӅXKjQKQѫLÿk\NLӃQWKӭFYjX\WtQÿmYѭӧWUDNKӓL
TXӕFJLDFӫDPuQK«QKѭ1JjL*LӟL+LӅQ9{7UѭӟF7KӃ7KkQ
/RQJ7Kӑ
9jRWKӃNӹ9,,NKLVDQJ7k\WU~FWKӍQKNLQKĈѭӡQJ+X\ӅQ
7UDQJÿm[LQKӑFӣQJ{LWUѭӡQJ1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ Qj\
QăP/~Fҩ\QJjL*LӟL+LӅQOjPYLӋQWUѭӣQJJLiRVѭWURQJ
WUѭӡQJNKRҧQJYӏYjKѫQKӑFVLQK1ƗODQGD 1D
/DQĈj7ӵ ÿҥWÿӃQÿӍQKFDR1KѭQJGRVӵSKiWWULӇQTXiÿj
NpR WKHR Vӵ SKkQ FKLD KӋ SKiL U} UӋW WURQJ JLiR WUuQK Yj FKҩW
OѭӧQJ JLҧQJ Gҥ\ FNJQJ Fy GҩX KLӋX VX\ JLҧP QrQ 1ƗODQGD EҳW
ÿҫXÿL[XӕQJ«
9jRNKRҧQJWKӃNӹ9,,,WuQKKuQKFKtQKWUӏҨQĈӝNK{QJ
әQÿӏQKÿmҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQ1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ UҩWQKLӅX
7KrPYjRÿyVӵVDV~WYӅJLӟLKҥQKFӫDPӝWVӕ7ăQJVƭÿmҧQK
KѭӣQJ ÿӃQ Vӵ SKiW WULӇQ FӫD 1ƗODQGD 1D /DQ Ĉj7ӵ ĈLӇP
TXDQWUӑQJQKҩWOjÿӝLTXkQ+ӗLJLiRGRYXD%DKNWL\DU.KLOML
FKӍKX\ÿmÿһWiFKWKӕQJWUӏWUrQÿҩWQѭӟFҨQĈӝYjQKjYXD
Qj\NK{QJNtQKWUӑQJPӝWW{QJLiRQjRNKiFQJRjL+ӗLJLiR
ÐQJÿmUDOӋQKÿXәLKRһFJLӃWFiF7ăQJVƭ3KұWJLiRSKiKӫ\
FKDWKiSWӏQK[iÿұSQiWFiFWѭӧQJ3KұW%ӗWiWYjWKLrXÿӕW
NLQKViFK
0һFG3KұWJLiRWҥLҨQĈӝEӏSKiSQҥQYj1ƗODQGD 1D/DQ
Ĉj7ӵ FQJFKӏXFKXQJKRjQFҧQKQj\QKѭQJNK{QJFyQJKƭD
Oj1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ ÿmKRjQWRjQELӃQPҩWNKӓLҨQĈӝ
396
Kỳ xxxI9JƦOHōƑJIƳD1BMBOEB
7URQJWKӡLNǤKuQKWKjQKYjSKiWWULӇQ1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ ÿmFyQKӳQJÿyQJJySTXDQWUӑQJFKRQӅQ3KұWJLiRҨQĈӝQyL
ULrQJYj3KұWJLiRWKӃJLӟLQyLFKXQJ
0mL ÿӃQ WKӃ Nӹ ;,; QJѭӡL WD PӟL WuP OҥL ÿѭӧF GҩX WtFK
1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ YjWLӃQKjQKNKDLTXұWWURQJNKX{QYLrQ
UӝQJWҫPKDUҩWQKLӅXQӅQEҧRWKiSWӏQK[iSKzQJӕFJLӃQJ
QѭӟFÿѭӧFSKiWKLӋQFQJYӟLÿyOjUҩWQKLӅXWѭӧQJ3KұWFRQ
GҩXPҧQKÿӗQJSKiSNKtÿѭӧFWuPWKҩ\1Jj\QD\QKӳQJPүX
YұWQj\ÿѭӧFWUѭQJEj\ӣEҧRWjQJÿӏDSKѭѫQJ
%XәL FKLӅX NKL QҳQJ JҳW TXD ÿL ÿRjQ FK~QJ W{L [ӃS KjQJ
WUDQJQJKLrPÿLYjRNKX{QYLrQ1ƗODQGD 1D/DQĈj7ӵ [ѭD
YӯDÿLYӯDWөQJkQÿӭF7DP%ҧR6DXNKLQKLӉXTXDQKNKXYӵF
KDLQJ{L%ҧRWKiSOӟQWѭӣQJQLӋP1JjL6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW
Yj0RJJDOOƗQD 0өF.LӅQ/LrQ FK~QJW{LQJӗLOҥLQJKHWUѭӣQJ
ÿRjQJLӟLWKLӋXYӅOӏFKVӱQѫLQj\1KLӅXYӏ7ăQJPӟLÿLÿӃQÿk\
OҫQÿҫXUQJPuQKQKuQTXDQKEӣLQѫLÿk\KѫQVLQKYLrQ
FӫDQKLӅXTXӕFJLD3KұWJLiRYjKѫQJLiRVѭEӏTXkQÿӝL
+ӗLJLiRViWKҥLPiXKӑÿmFKҧ\KzDFKXQJYӟLÿҩWWKk\Kӑÿm
EӏÿӕWFQJQJ{LWUѭӡQJQәLWLӃQJPӝWWKӡLQj\
6DXOӡLJLӟLWKLӋXFK~QJW{LÿѭӧFWӵGRÿLOҥLWURQJNKX{Q
YLrQW\WKtFKFKRÿӃQNKLÿyQJFӱDW{LÿmÿӃQÿk\QKLӅXOҫQQrQ
FNJQJNK{QJPXӕQÿLQJyQJKLrQJJu7{LOӵDPӝWEyQJFk\QJӗL
[XӕQJÿѭDPҳWQKuQ[DQKӳQJWѭӡQJJҥFKWKҩSÿәEyQJOrQÿiP
FӓPD\ÿDQJWUәE{QJWUҳQJ[yDQKӳQJEjQFKkQQJѭӡLTXDOҥL
ÿҥSOrQÿiPFӓ[LrXYҽRYjÿҥSOrQQJjQQăPOӏFKVӱ7URQJPҳW
FӫDHPEpWURQJYHRKRjQJK{QYӅWtPVүP«
397
Kỳ xxxI9JƦOHōƑJIƳD1BMBOEB
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
3IJQPķa†\U7Ė\U
398
íĞWVIJQ=OZO\RO=O;O\íuCľ
399
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxI9JƦOHōƑJIƳD1BMBOEB
íğ\V Zĥ 1ğ] bVt^ bļĸ\U \WĢ[ \UuW BO`W^cbbO
Gt ;ĶW ?Vęb
b`]\UYVc†\dW}\ĠĞWVIJQ=OZO\RO=O;O\íuCľ
400
401
.Ǥ;;;,,
chung
1Jj\WKiQJQăP
³7URQJWkPW{LVDXKjQKWUuQKFӝL%ӗÿӅFNJQJWKD\Oi
ÿXQJÿѭDYѭѫQOrQWUrQQӅQWUӡL[DQK´
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
5
ӡL1ƗODQGDNKLÿrPYүQFzQÿHQNKLFRQRQJYүQVD\
JLҩF QӗQJ FKѭD ÿL WuP PұW 7ăQJ ÿRjQ QKҵP KѭӟQJ
5ƗMDJDKD 9ѭѫQJ ;i 7KjQK FҩW EѭӟF &KһQJ Qj\
NPFK~QJW{LÿLPӝWQKӏSWӟLNKLEuQKPLQKOrQOjÿӃQ
ÈQKGѭѫQJOyGҥQJ[D[DOjPӝWGm\Q~LÿiFKҳQQJDQJWҫP
PҳWNLQKÿ{FӫDYѭѫQJTXӕF0ƗJDGKD 0D.LӋWĈj [ѭDQҵP
SKtDVDXҩ\0DQj\QҳQJQyQJQKӳQJEөLFk\WUrQQ~LOiÿm
YjQJQKӳQJWUҧQJFӓNK{FKi\QKӳQJFK~GrPҧLPLӃWQKһWOi
NK{QKDLVӝWVRҥWPӝWFiFKQJRQOjQK
SK~W9ұ\PjTXiQӱDWURQJFK~QJW{LQJKHWUѭӣQJÿRjQQyL
PjNK{QJSKҧQӭQJJuYүQQJӗLLPPӝWFKӛӖKyDUDFiFYӏ
ҩ\ÿDQJQJӫ&KҳFGRQKӳQJQJj\QҳQJQӕLGjLQD\ÿmPӋWOҥL
WKrPNKLÿӃQQѫLÿk\QKѭÿѭӧFYӅQKjQrQFiFYӏQJӫQJRQOjQK
7UѭӣQJÿRjQOҥLUDGҩXKm\ÿӇFKRFiFYӏҩ\QJӫFKѭDÿӃQJLӡÿL
NK{QJFҫQSKҧLNrXGұ\
ĈLӇP ÿӃQ WLӃS WKHR Oj WKҥFK ÿӝQJ 6DWWDSDQQDJXKƗ 7KҩW
'LӋS Q~L9HEKƗUDWKjQK5ƗMDJDKD 9ѭѫQJ;i QѫLQj\NK{QJ
[D9HশXYDQD9LKƗUD 7U~F/kPWӏQK[i OҳPĈk\OjQѫLGLӉQUD
FXӝFNӃWWұS3KұWQJ{QOҫQWKӭQKҩWGR1JjL0DKƗ.DVDSSD ĈҥL
&D'LӃS OjPFKӫWӑDQJjL8SƗOL ѬX%j/\ WX\rQÿӑFYӅ/XұW
1JjLƖQDQGD $1DQ WX\rQÿӑFYӅ.LQK&XӝFNӃWWұSQj\FyWҩW
FҧYӏ$ODKiQWKDPGӵÿѭӧFYXD$MƗWDVDWWX $;j7KӃ EҧR
WUӧVDXWKiQJWKuKRjQWKjQK
ĈLӇPJKpÿҫXWLrQFӫDÿRjQFK~QJW{LOj9HশXYDQD9LKƗUD
7U~F/kP7ӏQK;i ÿѭӧFYXD%LPELVƗUD %uQK6D9ѭѫQJ GkQJ
F~QJÿӃQĈӭF3KұWFQJ7ăQJFK~QJ1J{LWӏQK[iQj\OjQJ{L
FKDÿҫXWLrQFӫD3KұWJLiRQJjL 6ƗULSXWWD ;i/ӧL3KҩW ÿtFK
WKkQJLiPViWWKLF{QJ[k\GӵQJFKRNӏSĈӭF3KұWYj7ăQJFK~QJ
FyFKӛDQWU~QKұSKҥWKӭKDL PDKҥӣҨQĈӝOjPDPѭD 7KұW
NǤ GLӋX WKD\ .K{QJ JLDQ WKiQK WtFK [ѭD ÿѭӡQJ [D QyQJ QӵF
QKѭQJNKLYjRNKX{QYLrQWӏQK[iWKuPiWUѭӧL&iLPiWWӯEyQJ
Fk\WӯKѫLQѭӟFPiWQKѭQJ{LQKjFӫDPҽVDXQKӳQJGһPGjLRL
ҧ1ăQJOѭӧQJPiWPҿҩ\ODQOHQÿӃQWӯQJFKkQWѫNӁWyFWKҩP
YjRFҧQKӳQJQJ}QJiFKFӫDWkPKӗQ
&iFYӏPӟLWӟLÿk\OҫQÿҫXNKLQJKHÿѭӧFÿӃQQѫLNӃWWұS
3KұWQJ{QOҫQWKӭQKҩWWKuKiRKӭFOҳPYӝLÿLQKDQKWUrQFRQ
ÿѭӡQJÿiQKӓGүQOrQQ~L.K{QJ[DÿӍQKQ~L9HEKƗUDOjWKҥFK
ÿӝQJ 6DWWDSDQQDJXKƗ 7KҩW 'LӋS NKL W{L ÿӃQ QѫL QKLӅX Yӏ Wӯ
WURQJKDQJÿӝQJÿLUDPһWQJѫQJiFKӓL
6DXWKӡLNLQKQJҳQWUѭӟFSKRWѭӧQJÿiÿһWWURQJNKX{QYLrQ
WUѭӣQJÿRjQUDKLӋXFKRFK~QJW{LFyWKӇWӵGRFKLrPEiLQѫLQj\
&ySKҧLWUѭӟFNKLÿӃQÿk\6ѭWѭӣQJWѭӧQJPӝWKDQJÿӝQJ
WRÿҽSOӟQUӝQJOҳPSKҧLNK{QJ"
404
Ĉk\OjQѫLNӃWWұS3KұWQJ{QOҫQWKӭQKҩWj"
7{LJұWÿҫXYӏҩ\OҥLKӓLWLӃS
6DRQyQKӓYұ\QKӓ[tXYұ\UӗLOjPVDRFKӭDÿѭӧFQJѭӡL"
7{LFѭӡLUӗLKӓLYӏҩ\
405
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
9ӏҩ\JұWÿҫXW{LWLӃS
Ĉk\TXҧWKұWOjWKҥFKÿӝQJ6DWWDSDQQDJXKƗ 7KҩW'LӋS QѫLNӃWWұS3KұWQJ{QOҫQWKӭQKҩWÿLӅXNLӋQÿӇFiFYӏÿѭӧFWKDP
GӵOҫQNӃWWұSQj\OjQKӳQJYӏ$ODKiQFyWKҳQJWUtQrQYӟLWKҫQ
WK{QJOӵFFӫDFiFQJjLWKuKD\KjQJWULӋXYӏӣWURQJ
NK{QJJLDQQj\WKuYүQәQSKҧLNK{QJ6ѭ"
.KLQJKHW{LQyLYұ\Yӏҩ\JұWÿҫXÿӗQJêNKX{QPһWÿm
JLmQUDNK{QJFzQÿăPFKLrXQӳD
6DX FXӝF YLӃQJ WKăP WKҥFK ÿӝQJ 6DWWDSDQQDJXKƗ 7KҩW
'LӋS FK~QJ W{L JKp TXD PӝW %ҧR WKiS JҥFK ÿm [LrX YҽR UrX
SKRQJTXiÿӛL%ҧRWKiS0DQL\DUĈk\Oj%ҧRWKiSWKӡORjLUӗQJ
WURQJ FiF OҫQ NKDL TXұW [XQJ TXDQJ %ҧR WKiS QJѭӡL WD ÿm WuP
ÿѭӧFUҩWQKLӅXWѭӧQJ1jJD UӗQJ 1jJDӣÿk\OjPӝWORҥLUҳQOӟQ
FyWKҫQOӵFÿѭӧFJKLOҥLQKLӅXWURQJNLQKÿLӇQYjÿѭӧFGӏFKOj
UӗQJQKѭQJNK{QJJLӕQJKuQKҧQKORjLUӗQJ9LӋW1DPKD\UӗQJ
7UXQJ4XӕF
.KX{Q YLrQ 0DQL\DU QKӓ [LQK WKkQ %ҧR WKiS [ѭD O~Q
VkX[XӕQJÿҩWQKӳQJEӭFWѭӡQJJҥFKNK{QJFKӏXQәLiSOӵF
FӫDWKӡLJLDQQrQFRQJYrQKPXӕQÿәVұSĈӇEҧRYӋQJѭӡL
WDFKRGӵQJPӝWPiLW{QSKtDWUrQÿӇFKHPѭDÿӥQҳQJFKR
%ҧRWKiS
7UѭӟFWKiSOjPӝWNKRҧQJVkQJҥFKFDRUӝQJÿӇWӃOӉ
&iFK NK{QJ [D QѫL Qj\ YӅ SKtD Wk\ EҳF Oj ÿӝQJ ÿi
6RQDEKDQGDQD KDQJ ÿӝQJ ÿѭӧF FRQ QJѭӡL WҥR GӵQJ ÿӇ
FKӭD YjQJ EҥF KD\ FzQ JӑL Oj NKR WjQJ WKXӝF WULӅX ÿҥL YXD
%LPELVƗUD %uQK 6D 9ѭѫQJ Yj YXD$MƗWDVDWWX $ ;j 7KӃ 406
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
&iF WULӅX ÿҥL VөS ÿә QѫL ÿk\ WUӣ WKjQK KRDQJ SKӃ 9jR WKӃ
NӍ,,,,9FyYӏ7ăQJYjRÿӝQJQj\WU~QJөÿmYӁOrQWѭӡQJ
KDQJÿӝQJPӝWEӭFWѭӧQJ3KұWOӟQ'ÿmWUҧLTXDKѫQWKӃ
NӹEӭFEtFKKRҥQD\YүQFzQĈҧQKOӉWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
FK~QJW{LOҥLWLӃSWөFOrQÿѭӡQJ
ĈLWӯ[DFK~QJW{LWKҩ\PӝWQJӑQWKiSWUҳQJWUrQÿӍQKQ~L
ÿk\OjWKiSFӫDSKiL1KұWOLrQW{QJ[k\WUrQQ~L*LMMKDNnj৬D
JLUL Q~L /LQK 7KӭX ĈѭӡQJ OrQ Q~L Fy Fҧ FiS WUHR Yj OӕL
ÿL Eӝ FK~QJ W{L FKӑQ FXӕF Eӝ ÿL OrQ FKR ³JLmQ FKkQ JLmQ
FҷQJ´KDLErQÿѭӡQJOjKjQJTXiQYjQJѭӡLăQ[LQ&K~QJ
W{LNK{QJFyQKLӅXWKӡLJLDQӣ9ѭѫQJ;iQrQFKӍÿLWKRiQJ
TXD7{LÿLWKҷQJOrQQӅQKѭѫQJWKҩWFӫDĈӭF3KұWÿҧQKOӉ
ÿһWOrQWѭӡQJJҥFKPӝWYzQJKRDÿҧQKOӉPӝWOҫQQӳDUӗLUD
YӅ7{LFzQJKpTXDYѭӡQ[RjLFӫDWKҫQ\-ƯYDND .Ǥ%j Yӏ
WKҫ\WKXӕFÿmWұQWө\FҧFXӝFÿӡLYuĈӭF3KұW7ăQJFK~QJ
YjKRjQJJLD
&K~QJ W{L OҥL WLӃS WөF OrQ ÿѭӡQJ JKp WKăP QѫL YXD
%LPELVƗUD %uQK6D9ѭѫQJ EӏFRQWUDLPuQKOj $MƗWDVDWWX $
;j7KӃ FҫPW1JKHOӡL[~LJLөFFӫD'HYDGDWWD ĈӅ%jĈҥW
ĈD YXD $MƗWDVDWWX $ ;j 7KӃ ÿm QKүQ WkP JLDP FҫP FKD
PuQKFKRÿӃQFKӃW9XD%LPELVƗUD %uQK6D9ѭѫQJ OjPӝWYӏ
WKiQKKLӅQWKLӋQPӝWYӏYXDYƭÿҥLYjPӝWQJѭӡLFKDWLrXELӇX
WUrQWKӃJLDQ.KLPҽ$MƗWDVDWWX $;j7KӃ PDQJWKDLEjEӋQK
[DQK[DRYjQJYӑWEjWKqPYjLJLӑWPiXWӯWD\FӫDÿӭFYXD
FiFYӏOѭѫQJ\ÿmWұQWuQKWKXӕFWKDQJEjYүQNK{QJNKӓH/j
YӧFKӗQJÿҫXJӕLWD\ҩSPmLUӗLEjFNJQJWKәOӝêPXӕQҩ\YӟL
407
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
ÿӭFYXD%LӃWNK{QJFyÿѭӧFYjLJLӑWPiXҩ\EjVӁFKӃWÿӭD
FRQFKѭDVLQKFNJQJVӁFKӃWWKHRÿӭFYXDNK{QJQJҫQQJҥLOҩ\
GDRFҳWÿҫXQJyQWD\PuQKQKӓYjRO\WKXӕFÿѭDFKREjXӕQJ
OҥOQJWKD\WӯÿyEjNKӓHPҥQKYjVLQKKҥPӝWKjLQKLNKiX
NKӍQKNK{LQJ{
.KLELӃWFKX\ӋQҩ\FiFYӏTXDQÿҥLWKҫQÿmWkXYӟLÿӭFYXD
UҵQJFyNҿWKÿmÿҫXWKDLÿӇJk\KҥLFKRÿӭFYXDKӑNKX\rQ
ÿӭFYXDKm\JLӃWWKiLWӱYuDQQJX\[mWҳF/jPӝWYӏWKiQKFѭVƭ
ÿӭFYXDÿmQyL
1KkQÿmJLHRUӗLTXҧVӁWUәWK{LWUүPYXLYҿQKұQOmQKFiF
NKDQKFKӟFyOR
5ӗLÿӭDFRQҩ\OӟQOrQÿѭӧFăQKӑFWURQJWuQKWKѭѫQJFӫD
QJѭӡLFKD.KLÿmOӟQNK{Q $MƗWDVDWWX $;j7KӃ ÿѭӧFSKRQJ
Ĉ{QJ&XQJWKiLWӱQJѭӡLVӁNӃYӏQJDLYjQJ
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
;j7KӃ 6DXOӉÿăQJTXDQJWkQKRjQJÿӃQJҫPKҥOӋQKEҳWJLDP
FKDPuQK
%LӃWFKX\ӋQÿӭFYXD%LPELVƗUD %uQK6D9ѭѫQJ EӏFҫPW
O~Fҩ\ĈӭF3KұWQJөӣKѭѫQJWKҩWWUrQÿӍQKQ~L *LMMKDNnj৬DJLUL
Q~L/LQK7KӭX WKѭӡQJÿLNLQKKjQKOXLWӟLWKkQWӓDKjRTXDQJ
ViXPjXViQJGӏX7ӯQJөFWӕLÿӭFYXDQKuQOrQQ~LÿҧQKOӉĈӭF
7KӃ7{QFKRÿӃQO~FPӍPFѭӡLUӡL[DQKkQWKӃ
ÐLWuQKWKѭѫQJFӫDPӝWQJѭӡLFKDGүXFyOjNҿWKWӯNLӃS
QjRNLӃSQj\OjFRQ{QJYүQWKѭѫQJ\rXGүXVLQKPҥQJEӏX\
KLӃS{QJYүQNK{QJKӅKӕLKұQFyQJѭӡLFKDQjRWUrQWKӃJLDQ
Qj\WKѭѫQJFRQViQKÿѭӧFYӟLÿӭFYXDFKăQJ"
+yDUDFRQWKtFKKRjQJYӏYұ\QJj\PDLWDVӁ[XӕQJFKLӃX
WKRiLYӏQKѭӡQJKRjQJYӏFKRFRQ
%L QJL UӡL GL WtFK QJөF ÿi W{L OҥL OrQ ÿѭӡQJ YӅ %RGK
*D\Ɨ %ӗĈӅĈҥR7UjQJ 7ӯ[DWKҩSWKRiQJWKiS0DKƗERGKL
ĈҥL*LiF QJѭӡLW{LQKѭQKҽEүQJPӑLGk\WKҫQNLQKPӑL
FҧP JLiF Fӕ JҳQJ FKӧW WLrX WDQ 0ӟL QKѭ YӯD K{P TXD WK{L
GѭӟL FӝL %ӗÿӅ FK~QJ W{L SKiW QJX\ӋQ ÿL ³7KHR GҩX FKkQ
3KұW´ Yұ\ Pj QD\ ÿm KRjQ WKjQK KjQK WUuQK QJj\ KѫQ
NP1KuQQJӑQWKiSWӯ[DPjPҳWFӭUѭQJUѭQJFK~QJ
W{LYjRNKX{QYLrQ%ҧRWKiSÿҧQKOӉW{QWѭӧQJĈӭF7KӃ7{Q
7URQJOjQNKyLKѭѫQJĈӭF7KӃ7{QQKuQ[XӕQJFK~QJW{LYӟL
iQKPҳWWӯELYjY{YjQWUuXPӃQ³1j\FRQW͙WU͛LFRQÿ˱ͥQJ
ÿmKRjQWKjQKQK˱QJEjLK͕FWKuFK˱DFK̭PGͱWKm\WL͇SWͭF
F͙J̷QJ´.
1yLOjOjPVDXNKLEuQKPLQKOyGҥQJÿӭFYXD%LPELVƗUD
%uQK6D9ѭѫQJ WKRiLYӏQKѭӡQJQJ{LFKRWKiLWӱ$MƗWDVDWWX $
&K~QJW{LOҥLUDÿҧQKOӉFӝL%ӗÿӅVDXPDOҥQKÿyQQҳQJ
ҩPFӝL%ӗÿӅWKD\OiQKӳQJE~SQRQKӗQJO~QK~ÿҫXFjQKOi
1KѭQJPmLYүQWKҩ\FKDPuQKNKӓHPҥQKFKѭDFyYҿVX\
NLӋWÿDXEӋQKYjFKӃWWURQJQD\PDL0RQJPXӕQFyÿѭӧFQJ{L
EiX{QJÿmJLҩXWKDQKÿRҧQÿDRWURQJWD\YjRFXQJKjQKWKtFK
ÿӭFYXD.KLWKҩ\FRQPuQKYӝLYmYjRFXQJFyELӇXKLӋQOҥÿӭF
YXDÿmKӓLYj$MƗWDVDWWX $;j7KӃ WKұWWuQKWUҧOӡLOjYjRFXQJ
KjQKWKtFKÿӭFYXDÿӇOrQOjPKRjQJÿӃ1KuQÿӭDFRQWKѭѫQJ
\rXÿӭFYXDEҧR
408
409
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
QRQUHRYXLFKjRÿyQQKӳQJGX7ăQJPuQKPDQJPLQҳQJWUӣ
YӅ7{LÿҧQKOӉFӝL%ӗÿӅQJӗLQKuQFӝL%ӗÿӅWKұWOkXWURQJWkP
W{LVDXKjQKWUuQKFӝL%ӗÿӅFNJQJWKD\OiÿXQJÿѭDYѭѫQOrQWUrQ
QӅQWUӡL[DQK
;LQWULkQFKѭWKLrQKӝSKiS[LQWULkQFKѭYӏWKtFKӫOX{Q
ӫQJKӝFK~QJW{LWURQJKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWQj\FҫX
FK~FTXêYӏOX{QÿѭӧFVӵDQYXL
&RQ [LQ WUL kQ 7Kҫ\ QJѭӡL OX{Q G}L WKHR EѭӟF FKkQ FRQ
OX{Q ÿӝQJ YLrQ Yj KѭӟQJ GүQ FRQ WUrQ FRQ ÿѭӡQJ ÿҥR7URQJ
VXӕWFXӝFKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWQj\FySKѭӟFEiXQjR
FRQ[LQGkQJÿӃQ7Kҫ\FҫXPRQJ7Kҫ\WUѭӡQJWKӑÿӇPmLOjQѫL
QѭѫQJWӵDFKRKjQJKұXKӑFFK~QJFRQ&RQ[LQÿrÿҫXÿҧQKOӉ
7Kҫ\WDPEiL
7URQJVXӕWKjQKWUuQKYLӃWEjL7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWNK{QJWKӇ
QjRWUiQKNKӓLVӵVDLVyWYӅPһWWѭOLӋXYjOӏFKVӱPRQJFKѭYӏ
ÿӝFJLҧQLӋPWuQKKӹ[ҧFKRQKӳQJVDLVyWQj\WKXӝFYӅFiQKkQ
FiFYӏFyJySêW{L[LQKRDQKӹWLӃSQKұQYjOҳQJQJKHÿӇVӵKLӇX
ELӃWQJj\FjQJKRjQWKLӋQKѫQPRQJWKD\
9ұ\OjKjQKWUuQK7KHRGҩXFKkQ3KұWPDQj\NKpSOҥLFҫX
PRQJFKѭYӏÿӝFJLҧYjJLDÿuQKOX{QÿѭӧFVӵDQYXL
;LQÿҧQKOӉÿҩWQѭӟFFiLQ{LFӫDÿҥR3KұW[LQÿҧQKOӉQKӳQJ
7KiQKWtFKFӝL%ӗÿӅW{LOҥLYӅQ~LFNJ7UrQWUӡLPӝWiQJPk\
ED\PDQJKӗQW{LYӅErQDPYҳQJ
1ğ]bVt^<O\WgO`\ĴWbVķ=OUO`į\U
410
411
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
CVu\VAOXOUOVOEļĴ\UGt
=‰WESPVO`ObVu\VAOXOUOVOEļĴ\UGt
412
413
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
Kỳ xxxII&IVOH
CVĞQVĠĮ\UBObbO^O\\OUcVOCVęb3WĢ^
\ĴWYġbbĚ^?VĚb\U†\Zě\bVĽ\Vęb
414
415
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
@cOa†\U=S`OƒXO`O=W;W}\CVWģ\dģ1]RV6OgO1įíģíĞ]C`u\U
1ğ]bVt^7 O1€\VQĻO^VtW=VĚb;W}\b†\U
fvgb`}\\‰W6WXXVOYcbOUW`W\‰W;W\VCVĽc
416
&
Lời bạt
XӕL QăP ÿҫX QăP W{L ÿm Fy PӝW KjQK WUuQK
GjL7UrQFRQÿѭӡQJQj\W{LÿmÿLTXDQKӳQJWKiQKWtFK
OLQKWKLrQJOX{QQJKLQJ~WWUҫPKѭѫQJYjkPWKDQKFҫX
QJX\ӋQ7{LÿmÿLTXDQKӳQJEҧRWKiSWROӟQX\QJKLUrXSKRQJ
FәNtQK7{LFNJQJÿmÿLTXDQKӳQJGzQJV{QJWUƭXQһQJSKVD
ѭѫP PҫP Vӵ VӕQJ TXD QKӳQJ OjQJ TXr QJKqR ÿҫ\ UiF Yj EөL
EҭQTXDQKӳQJSKӕWKӏVҫPXҩWJLjXVDQJTXDJLyWiSPѭDVD
YjTXDUӯQJJDLVѭѫQJJLăQJNtQOӕLTXDFәWKjQKKRDOӋQD\FKӍ
FzQOjWѭӡQJ[LrXJҥFKYӥ«7UrQPҳWOӋQJҩQPL7{LÿmÿLTXD
QKӳQJ QJj\ UpW PѭӟW OҥQK EXӕW ÿ{L EjQ WD\ TXD QKӳQJ QJj\
PѭDPѭDGӗQPѭDGұSPѭDQJұSOӕLÿLQJұSUXӝQJÿӗQJQѭӟF
PrQKP{QJQJұSOӅXQJұSWUҥL1JұSFҧNêӭF1KӳQJÿLӅXPҳW
WKҩ\WDLQJKHW{LPѭӧQFRQFKӳÿӇGLӉQWҧFRQFKӳWX{QFKҧ\
WKjQKQKӳQJEjLNê
7{LYӕQGӕWYăQYjQJKqRFKӳTXêYӏÿӯQJQJKƭW{LNKLrP
WӕQKD\ÿiQKJLiWKҩSPuQKPjW{LQyLWKұWEҧQWKkQWKӃQjRW{L
ELӃWNLDPj«1KѭQJYӟLVӵÿӝQJYLrQWROӟQWӯ6ѭSKө³&RQFӭ
417
/ƻJCƑU
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
YLӃWÿL7Kҫ\ELӃWFRQYLӃWÿѭӧFFRQWKҩ\JuQJKHJuVX\QJKƭJu
FRQFӭYLӃWVDL7Kҫ\VӱDJL~SFKR´
5ӗLW{LYLӃWOұSFұSQKӳQJEjLÿҫXFRQFKӳGҫQTXHQPһWW{L
QyNK{QJOҭQWUiQKQKѭPӑLNKLO~FFyWKӡLJLDQÿӇYLӃWFRQFKӳ
KLӋQYӅWX{QFKҧ\YjQKҧ\P~D1KѭQJQKӳQJEjLYLӃWYүQFKѭD
әQ6ѭSKөOҥLKѭӟQJGүQOҥLW{LFiFKYLӃWOҫQQj\YӟLQӝLGXQJ
GjLTXDQWUӑQJKѫQ
&RQ TXDQ ViW WKҩ\ Ju QJKH Ju VX\ QJKƭ Ju FRQ Fӭ YLӃW
1KѭQJPӝWEjLYLӃWWKHRWKӇORҥLNêWKuFKӍQrQOjWtQKWK{QJ
WLQFKҩWWKӵFWӃQѫLFRQÿLTXDWKuÿѭDQKӳQJNLӃQWKӭFJLiR
SKiS WӟL ÿҥL FK~QJ PӝW FiFK X\ӇQ FKX\ӇQ QKҽ QKjQJ Yj FRQ
QKӟWUiQKGQJWKXұWQJӳ3KұWKӑFÿӯQJGQJFjQJWӕWYuNK{QJ
SKҧLDLFNJQJKLӇXQKӳQJWKXұWQJӳҩ\OjFҧPWiFFiQKkQOLӅX
OѭӧQJtWYӯDSKҧLQKѭQJQySKҧLWKӵF&RQFKҷQJFҫQSKҧLYD\
PѭӧQDLKӃWPjKm\QKuQYjRErQWURQJFRQӣÿyFyWUiLWLPQyQJ
ҩPOӱDӣÿyViQJWҥRFNJQJӣÿyUӗLYLӃW1yVӁOD\ÿӝQJÿӃQÿӝF
JLҧ&RQFNJQJÿӯQJYLӃWTXiQJҳQYuQJҳQTXiNK{QJQyLOrQKӃW
êPXӕQQyLFNJQJÿӯQJYLӃWWUjQJJLDQJÿҥLKҧLYuGjLTXiFNJQJtW
QJѭӡLÿӑFPӛLEjLFRQYLӃWFKӯQJFKӳOjÿҽS&RQ
FӭYLӃWWKӵFWҧWKӵF«WKHRWӯQJEѭӟFFKkQFQJEӕLFҧQK[XQJ
TXDQKEjLYLӃWVӁWKjQKF{QJ
9ӟL³F{QJWKͱF´ҩ\WKӃOjW{LYLӃWFRQFKӳQKҽQKjQJWU{L
FKҧ\NK{QJFӕJҳQJNK{QJWuPNLӃPNK{QJPҩWVӭFPӑLWKӭ
WӵQKLrQYұQKjQK7{LYLӃWWӵWLQGҫQYuW{LELӃWVDXQKӳQJEjL
YLӃWOX{QFy6ѭSKөPӝWWXҫQSKҧLYLӃWYjKRjQWKjQKKDLEjLNê
418
ÿӇÿăQJWUrQKDLWUDQJ)DFHERRNFӫDFKDOj1JӑD7QJ$PYj
+X\ӅQ.K{QJ6ѫQ7KѭӧQJ7Kҩ\W{LFyYҿEӏiSOӵFYuÿѭӡQJ[D
ODRQKӑFOҥLYӯDÿLYӯDYLӃW6ѭSKөOҥLJӱLWһQJW{LPҩ\FkXWKѫ
ÿӇÿӝQJYLrQ
³7KHRFKkQ3K̵WG̿PGjL
ĈHRWUăQJViQJWUrQYDL
&K~FFRQWUzQK̩QKQJX\͏Q
0̵Wÿ͡UͫSÿ˱ͥQJPDL´
1KӳQJFkXWKѫQKѭWLӃSWKrPVӭFOӵFWLӃSWKrPQJӑQOӱD
FKRWLPW{L/ӝWUuQKEk\JLӡNK{QJFzQ[DQJiLQӳD1KӳQJEjL
YLӃW VDX ÿy Oj Vӵ WX{Q FKҧ\ FӫD ³WkP Yj FKͷ´ W{L KRjQ WKjQK
NK{QJTXiNKyNKăQ0ӛLNǤYLӃW[RQJW{LJӱLQJD\ÿӃQ6ѭSKө
1JѭӡLOX{QG}LWKHRWӯQJEѭӟFFKkQW{LOX{QOjQJѭӡLQKұQYj
ÿӑFEjLÿҫXWLrQÿӇ[HPYjVӱDJL~S
7KӃOjW{LFӭÿLYjYLӃWYLӃWTXrQPӋWTXrQÿDXTXrQWKӡL
JLDQ &XӕL KjQK WUuQK QJRҧQK ÿҫX QKuQ OҥL Ð KD\ Ĉk\ NK{QJ
SKҧL Oj WUz FKѫL FӫD FRQ FKӳ Pj Oj Vӵ YұQ KjQK Wӵ QKLrQ FӫD
3KiS*LӳDFiFWѭѫQJTXDQOLrQKӋFiFFRQFKӳKLӋQUDQKҧ\P~D
WUrQPһWJLҩ\ÿ{QJNӃWOҥLWKjQKQKӳQJEjLNêKRjQFKӍQK
.ӃWWK~FKjQKWUuQKW{LOҥLYӅErQDPYҳQJFQJQҳQJVӟPYj
Pk\FKLӅX6ѭSKөOҥLÿӝQJYLrQW{L
+ҵQJ QJjQ KuQK ҧQK Yj Nê Vӵ Qj\ QӃX ÿӇ WKӡL JLDQ
FKӯQJYjLWKiQJFKӑQOӑFKuQKҧQKFҳWJӑWWKrPEӟW QKҩWOjWѭ
OLӋXVӱ WKuVӁWUӣWKjQKPӝWWiFSKҭPFyJLiWUӏ0jORҥLNêQj\
QKҩWOjNêÿҩW3KұWWKuDLFNJQJPXӕQÿӑFFҧFRQVӱDOҥLÿLWKҫ\
419
IFPEƕVDIƓOPIƘU
VӁQKXұQVҳFFKR&RQÿmÿӇKӃWWUtOӵFYjWkPKӗQYjRÿҩ\QrQ
VӵFKX\ӇQWҧLFyQăQJOѭӧQJWKXK~WQJѭӡLÿӑFOҳP9ăQFRQFy
FKҩWULrQJKD\
1D\W{LWәQJNӃWQKӳQJEjLNêҩ\FKӑQOӵDOҥLtWKuQKҧQKLQ
WKjQKFXӕQ7KHRG̭XFKkQ3K̵WJӱLÿӃQTXêYӏÿӝFJLҧJҫQ[D
&RQ[LQWULkQ7Kҫ\1JѭӡLÿmÿӝQJYLrQFRQYLӃWQKӳQJEjL
Nê1JѭӡLÿmVӱDFKRFRQWӯQJNǤOjFKӛGӵDWLQKWKҫQFKRFRQ
KRjQWKjQKPӝWFKһQJÿѭӡQJGjLNKyNKăQJLDQODRYҩWYҧ7ҩW
FҧSKѭӟFEiXFӫDYLӋFҩQKjQKWұS7KHRG̭XFKkQ3K̵WQj\FRQ
[LQGkQJÿӃQ7Kҫ\1JѭӥQJPRQJ7DP%ҧRFKѭWKLrQKӝSKiS
OX{QJLDKӝÿӃQ7Kҫ\PRQJ7Kҫ\OX{QÿѭӧFWKkQNKӓHWkPDQÿӇ
FK~QJFRQÿѭӧFQKӡQѭѫQJ
&RQNtQKÿҧQKOӉWULkQ7Kҫ\
9LӃWWҥL+X\ӅQ.K{QJ6ѫQ7KѭӧQJ
0D9HVDN3O
4Xê0mR %KLNNKX6DFFD6DGGKR
7ǤNKѭX&KѫQ7tQ
0DŽDMDŽD
/ӡLWӵD ...............................................................................................
.Ǥ,
7UrQÿ̭W̬QĈ͡ ................................................................................
.Ǥ,,
.êͱF
.Ǥ,,,
.KDPQK̳Q
.Ǥ,9
1KͷQJQ̓Rÿ˱ͥQJ
.Ǥ9
1KyPK͡7ăQJ
.Ǥ9,
+͕D
.Ǥ9,,
&KX\͏QFͯD*Ly
.Ǥ9,,,
.K͝+̩QK/kP
.Ǥ,;
7K˱˯QJP͡WGzQJV{QJ 420
.Ǥ;
3KiWQJX\͏Q7KHRG̭XFKkQ3K̵W
.Ǥ;;,,,
Ĉ̩LW͹1LJURGKƗUƗPD
.Ǥ;,
&KjQJÿ̩RVƭP̷WÿHQ
.Ǥ;;,9
9L͇QJ/XPELQƯ
.Ǥ;,,
/LQKWKLrQJV{QJ+̹QJ
.Ǥ;;9
.XVLQƗUƗ
.Ǥ;,,,
7KL͏QV͹ÿ̯XQăP
.Ǥ;;9,
3KkQFKLD;iOͫL
.Ǥ;,9
.RVDPEƯ9QJÿ̭WF͝[˱D
.Ǥ;;9,,
5˱ͣF;iOͫL3K̵W
.Ǥ;9
%rQV{QJ<DPXQD
.Ǥ;;9,,,
Ĉ̫QKO͍%̫RWKiS/DXULD
.Ǥ;9,
9L͇QJ6DQNDVVD
.Ǥ;;,;
%̫RWKiS.HVDUL\D
.Ǥ;9,,
9͉6ƗYDWWKƯ
.Ǥ;;;
Ĉ̩LK͕F9LNUDPVKLOD
.Ǥ;9,,,
Ĉ{QJ3K˱˯QJ7͹
.Ǥ;;;,
9L͇QJĈ̩LK͕F1ƗODQGD
.Ǥ;,;
+m\GͳQJO̩L
.Ǥ;;;,,
&KXQJ
.Ǥ;;
%̫R7KiS5ƗPDJUƗPD
/ӡLEҥW ...........................................................................................
.Ǥ;;,
9L͇QJWKăPTXrK˱˯QJ3K̵WP̳X
.Ǥ;;,,
.DSLODYDWWKX
NHÀ XUẤT BẢN VĂN HỌC
18 NGUYỄN TRƯỜNG TỘ - BA ĐÌNH - HÀ NỘI
Điện thoại: 024.37161518 - 024.37163409 - Fax: 024.38294781
Website: www.nxbvanhoc.com; www.nxbvanhoc.vn
E-mail: info.nxbvanhoc@gmail.com
* Chi nhánh tại Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
290/20 Nam Kỳ Khởi Nghĩa - Quận 3
Điện thoại: 028.38469858 - Fax: 028.38483481
* Văn phòng đại diện tại thành phố Đà Nẵng
344 Đường Trưng Nữ Vương - Thành phố Đà Nẵng
Điện thoại: 0236.3888333
Chịu trách nhiệm xuất bản
Q. Giám đốc - Q. Tổng biên tập
NGÔ THU PHƯƠNG
Biên tập: Khúc Thị Kim Ngân
Cố vấn nội dung và thiết kế: HUYỀN KHÔNG SƠN THƯỢNG
In 4000 cuốn, khổ 14,5x20,5 cm, tại Công ty TNHH In Thanh Bình,
số 432 đường K2 phường Cầu Diễn, quận Nam Từ Liêm, Hà Nội.
Số ĐKXB: 2791-2023/CXBIPH/17-142/VH, cấp ngày 21 tháng 08 năm 2023.
Số QĐXB: 1019/QĐ-VH, cấp ngày 30 tháng 08 năm 2023.
Mã ISBN: 978-604-477-333-9.
In xong và nộp lưu chiểu năm 2023.
Download