Foundation
of
Leisure and Recreation
Report by:
ANALYN ESPORA
GERRY LAMIGO JR.
RONIEL ORROZCO JR.
ZEA PECATE
Learning Outcomes:
• Discuss the varied views and perceptions of what leisure and
recreation are, and what purpose each serves.
• Identify primary motives for participation in recreation and
leisure activity.
• Identify and discuss the dominant social factors that are
currently influencing the recreation.
• Articulate the current challenges facing the recreation and
leisure-service field.
Varied Views of Recreation and Leisure
• For some, recreation means the network of public agencies that provide parks,
playgrounds, swimming pools, sports fields, and community centers in several
cities, towns, countries or park districts.
• For others, recreation may be found in senior center, a sheltered workshop for
mentally challenged individuals; or a treatment center for physical
rehabilitation.
• Recreation and leisure are all these things. They represent a rewarding form
of human experience and constitute an important aspect of economic
development and government responsibility.
• At present, the value of recreation and leisure is universally accepted.
As a consequence, the government in both developed and developing
countries has accepted the responsibility of providing and assisting leisure
opportunities through extensive recreation and park systems.
Recreational Participation
- The most common notion of recreation is that it is primarily a
participation in sports and games.
- Recreation actually includes an extremely broad range of leisure
activities. (travel and tourism, cultural entertainment, participation in
the arts, hobbies, membership in social clubs, or interest groups,
nature related activities such as hunting and fishing, and attendance
at parties, special events, and fitness activities.)
- Recreation may be enjoyed with thousands of participants or
spectators or may be a solitary experience. It may be very
strenuous or may be primarily amental activity.
Motivational for Recreation Participation
1. Many participants take art in recreation as a form of relaxation and release from the
pressures of work and other tensions.
2. Another recreational motivation is the need to express creativity, expose hidden
talents, or pursue excellent in various forms of personal expression.
3. For some participants, active recreation offers a channel for releasing hostility and
aggression.
4. Many individuals take part in recreational activities which involve community service,
provide leaders in fraternal or religious organizations and promote health and physical
fitness.
5. Deeply involve in various forms of elite culture such as music, drama, dance,
literature and fine arts
Social Factors Promoting the Recreation
and Park Movement
1.Increase in Discretionary Time
2.National Affluence
3.Commodification of Leisure
4.Population Trends
5.Where People Live: Urbanization & Suburbanization
6.Influence of Technology
7.Recreation’s Contribution to Health & Fitness
8.Environmental Concerns
9.The changing family
10.Maturation of organized leisure-service field
1. Increase in Discretionary Time
- An increase in workweek hours for many individuals
-The increase in work hours appears to have been selective with
certain
groups in the population(professionals or business managers)
working
longer hours but with other individuals continuing to have
relatively
short workweeks
-The increase in holidays, vacations, early retirement &the needs of
special population groups (disabilities or underemployed) it is
apparent
that leisure continues to present a huge opportunities
2. National Affluence
-Twentieth century, household income continued to rise steadily in
both nations (United States & Canada) with the total amount spend on
varied
forms of recreation increasing from decade to decade
-Growing class of millionaires is able to enjoy a host of expensive
forms of recreation
3. Commodification of Leisure
-Giant conglomerates such as Time Warner, Disney & Viacom have been
taken over control of huge corporations that run music, television & movie
businesses
-These conglomerates also own sports stadium &professional teams, cruise
ships & theme parks, other leisure operations-New facilities offering varied
forms of recreation
E.g. Huge public fitness centers include aquatic areas, aerobics, dance
rooms &
facilities for family play & host of other activities are being built -often
with
charges for membership that cost several hundred dollars a year.
4. Population Trends
-Dramatic diversifications in racial & ethical terms has taken place particularly
in
the United States
-Growing of immigrants from Asia, Latin America, some third world regions
often markedly higher birthrates
-Popular culture, sports & other leisure related areas reflects these
population
changes
5. Where People Live: Urbanization & Suburbanization
-Playgrounds for children, sport fields for youths &adults, networks of parks throughout
country, civicminded individuals joined together to establish symphony orchestras, opera
companies, art & natural history museums & libraries
-Recreation & park development as a key factor in promoting the revival of many larger
cities as wealthy citizens moved into developed residential areas- Waterfront or factory
areas transformed into attractive sites for shopping, sightseeing, cultural activities
&entertainment
Recreation as critical to making cities more livable, attracting tourist & retaining middle
class & wealthy residents
-Public recreation & park departments constructed new water play parks, tennis
complexes, creative arts centers, marinas & other recreational facilities
6. Influence of Technology
-Outdoor recreation for examples, makes use of increasingly complex & expensive
devices in activities(skydiving, hang gliding, scuba diving, boating, hunting, fishing,
rollerblading, skiing & snowboarding)
-Computer dating provides a new form of social contact for single adults & video games
offer interactive competition or exposure to new varieties of play settings & virtual
realities
-Important part of travel & tourism with airlines, cruise ships, resorts & major parks
maintaining Web pages that provide information & facilitate reservations & vacation
choices
-Every aspect of professional recreation, park & leisure service management, computer
software has become crucial in program planning, scheduling, public relations, fiscal &
personnel management &maintaining agency information systems
-Home based recreation has become increasingly dependent on varied forms of
electronic entertainment with television, interactive video games, CD-ROMs, cassette
players & similar devices.
-Home based technological forms of entertainment &communication being an important
factor
7. Recreation’s Contribution to Health & Fitness
-1970s & 1980s trend was the growth of public interest in exercise & physical fitness
programs-Realizing that modern life is frequently inactive, sedentary, beset by
tensions, & subject to a host of unhealthy habits (overeating, smoking & drinking)
popular concern developed about improving one’s health, vitality & appearance through
diet & exercise
-Participation in activities as walking, aerobics, swimming, running & jogging, racquet
sports & similar energetic pursuits has more than physiological effects- Also has
physiological value for those who exercise regularly look & feel better.
8. Environmental Concerns
-Outdoor recreation activities (camping, biking, backpacking, boating, hunting, fishing,
skiing &mountain climbing depend heavily on parks, forests & water areas operated
chiefly by public recreation & park agencies.
-The concern of many people regarding the health of the nation’s outdoor resources
stems from more than the need for outdoor recreation spaces
9. The Changing Family
-The deterioration in several forms:
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Fragmentation of family life
Increase in the number of children born out of wedlock
Divorces & separations
Single parent households
Expanding problem of alcohol & drug abuse among young
Increase in random & senseless violence - often on an individual basis but also
linked to gang generated conflict in cities large & small
Presence of homeless people in increasing number on the streets, in parks &
under highways & viaducts
Acceptance of communities in gambling as a solution to the economic problems of
states & cities
Growing tolerance of prostitution & other commercially linked forms of sexual
entertainment
Patterns of civility & human decency that should prevail in everyday life have been
widely abandoned
What to do these trends have to do with recreation & leisure?
 Many of the popular but morally questionable pursuits just described represent a
search for pleasure, novelty & excitement
 Tend to displace more traditional & constructive forms of play
 Represent a major challenge to recreation managers, leaders &program planners
in public & nonprofit community leisure service agencies–who must compete with
them for the attention of participants & must struggle against their demoralizing
effects on community life
10 Maturation of the Organized Leisure-Service Field
10 Categories of Recreation & Leisure service:
1)Government agencies
-Federal, state & provincial agencies & local departments of recreation & parks that provide leisure
services as primary function, other agencies (social service, education, special populations & armed forces)
offer or assist recreation programs as a secondary responsibility
2) Voluntary organizations
-Nongovernmental, nonprofit agencies, sectarian & non sectarian, serving the public at
large/selected elements of it with multiservice programs (E.g. YMCA, Boy Scouts & Girl Scouts)
3)Private membership organizations
-As golf, tennis, yacht, athletic & country clubs, service clubs &fraternal bodies that provide
recreational & social activities for their own members, assist community recreation needs as well(swimming
pools, sports / fitness complexes or clubs attached to leisure villages, apartment or condominium units or
retirement communities
4)Commercial recreation enterprises
- Great variety of privately owned for profit businesses (ski centers, bowling
alleys, nightclubs, movie houses or theaters, health spas/fitness centers, dancing
schools, amusement / theme parks & other enterprises that provide leisure services
5)Employee recreation programs (formerly called industrial recreation)
- Who work for given companies / other employers by providing recreation as part
of a total personnel benefits package linked toother services concerned with
employee health & fitness
6) Armed forces recreation
-Form of government sponsored activity-tends to operate an extensive network
of recreation facilities & programs worldwide
7)Campus recreation
- Sports clubs, social activities, trip & travel programs, performing arts groups,
entertainment, lounges, film series & other forms of recreation on college & university
campuses
8)Therapeutic recreation services
- Meet the needs of persons with physical or mental disabilities, individuals with
poor health, dependent aging persons, socially deviant persons in correctional
facilities or other treatment settings &similar special groups.
9)Sports participation & spectatorship
- Professional sports, collegiate sports, public parks & recreation, private sport
enterprises, youth sports, sports for individuals with disabilities & more.
10)Travel, tourism & hospitality management
-Involves all of the travel & tourism industry (airlines, cruise ships, destination
resorts, conference & resort centers, amusement parks, festival & the like.
End of Report
Sources:
•
https://www.scribd.com/embeds/224015389/con
tent?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&access_k
ey=key-fFexxf7r1bzEfWu3HKwf
•
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/easternsamar-state-university/agriculture/lesson-1understanding-the-nature-ofrecreation/39660984