Bachelor of Criminal Justice
(Correctional management)
TOPIC: MODERN THEORIES OF MANAGEMENT
DONE BY: TEAM A
GROUP MEMBERS
EVELINE RR AMWAALWA 219083533
GERMANO GOEIMAN 220109451
HILMA NUUTA 220086540
KLAUDIA N HEITA 220119651
TRAVIS PAULUS 220126275
Content

Introduction

Human Resources theory

System approach

Contingency or situational theory

Team building or participative theory

Conclusion

References
Learning objectives

Understand Modern theories of management in relation to correctional
services
Introduction
The modern management theory believes
that employees work for numerous reasons, including
to achieve satisfaction, happiness and desired
lifestyles. With this theories, managers understand
employees' behaviors and needs and can implement
strategies to meet those needs and support their skill
development over time.
Human Resources theory

Human resources theory is a general term
for the strategies, tactics and objectives used by
business owners and managers to administer
policies and procedures related to employees.

For example good leadership skills should
require the correctional services leaders to
acquire qualifications to hired for top position.
Uneducated leadership will fail the organization.
Advantages of Human resource
Theory

Human Resource Theory improves productivity of employees.

Human resource Theory removes grievance among the employees.

Human Resource Theory improves employee retention.

Human Resource Theory creates good human relationships.

Human Resource Theory improves goodwill of company.
Disadvantages of the Human
Resource Theory

Human Resource Theory focuses on human theory, it does not include
productivity of workforce.

Human Resource Theory does not show road-map of work.

Human Resource Theory has more theoretical concept.

Human Resource Theory has difficulty of analysis.

Human Resource Loss of subjectivity.
System approach

The system approach came into existence
during the 1960.

Was developed by Chester I, Bernard,
Herbert A and a few collogues

System approach is described as a network
of subsystems.

The systems approach in correctional
facilities follows a input-process-output
model.

Subsystems within the facility consist of
disposal, physical care, vocationalist, the
institutional committee and the parole
board.
System approach
Systems approach is based on the generalization that everything is inter-related and interdependent.
Family
members
governmen
t
process
vocationalist
input
disposal
Physical care
output
Parole board
Institutional
committee
Trade unions
community
Contingency or situational theory

Contingency theory suggests management is dependent on the context of a
situation.

There are two important factors to the contingency theory, namely the
leadership style and situational favourableness (NB according to the theory
leadership styles are fixed)

There are two kinds of leaders, people/relationship oriented leaders and
task oriented leaders

A questionnaire on the Least Preferred Co-worker determines the type of
leader an individual is. A high score means a leader is relationship oriented
whereas a low score means a leader is task oriented.

Situational favourableness is determined by 3 factors: Leader member
relations, Task structure and Position Power.
Contingency or situational theory cont...

There are 3 steps in this
Model

Step 1: identify the
leadership style

Step 2: understand the
situation

Step 3: find the right
leadership style
Contingency Theory finalised
Advantages AND Disadvantages CONTINGENCY
THEORY

Pro - Easy to understand and has clear guidance

Con - Static leadership

Pro - can be used in different situations and allows
leaders to assess a situation.

Con - Has no room for leaders who are neither
relationship oriented or task oriented

Pro – Unlike previously discussed models it takes
situational aspects into consideration.
Practical example of the contingency theory in
action 👉👉👉👉
Team building theory

Probably the most famous teamwork theory is Bruce
Tuckman's “team stages model”. First developed in 1965,
Tuckman's model is widely known as a basis for effective
team building.

The theory suggests that teams grow through clearly
defined stages, from their creation as groups of
individuals, to cohesive, task-focused teams.

For example leadership in correctional services must be
founded on problem solving, listening, and organizing to
be able to meet their vision.
Team building theory
Participative theory

Participative leadership theory is a leadership style that
seeks input from every member of the organization.

Generally, the leader asks for thoughts and ideas from
their team members before making decisions or
establishing new processes and procedures.

Team members share their ideas and thoughts with the
group.
Conclusion
In summary, a good way to think about
modern management theories is that
they are simply more advanced
continuations of traditional management
theories. Both, at their core, have the
same mission: to help the organization
and all its employees prosper.
Thank you for your attention.
References

C2_Management thoughts & theories.pdf. (n.d.).

Chairman, C.W. (1968). The system approach, Dell publishing Co.J New
York.

Meade, R.D. (1990). An experimental study of leadership in India, Journal
of Social Psychology.

Mol, A. (1990). Help ! I’m a manager. Rafaelberg.