Building Design Concept
Load Estimate, zoning, and Conceptual SLD
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Points to be discussed
▪ Egyptian network
▪ Design Phases
▪ Building Application
▪ Load Estimation
▪ Zoning
▪ Conceptual SLD
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Power System Network Configuration
Step Up Power Tr.
O.H.T.L
Switching Substation
66/22 KV for ex.
Step Down Power Tr. Under Ground Cables
Generating Plant
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Electrical Infra Structure
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Network Architecture
▪ Double busbar or parallel feeders
✓ Advantages:
• each feeder connected to two busbars
• each busbar is sectionalizable
• operation complicated by supply possibilities
✓ Satisfactory for:
bus couplers
• off-shore, chemical, heavy industrial plants
switching-isolators can be
automatic
bus-section
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Network Architecture
▪ Simple radial system (or single-line service)
✓ Low investment
✓ Satisfactory for:
• small industrial installation
• rural distribution, difficult-access areas
MV
one primary source
one distribution transformer
with fault on the cable
or transformer:
the entire system
shuts down
LV
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Egyptian 22 or 11 KV network
SF6 (2 Out of 3 Connection)
CB
1250A
From Switching Substation
66-33/22-11 KV
From Switching Substation
66-33/22-11 KV
Distributer
N.O
N.
C
Coupler
SF6
CB
630A
Outgoing Outgoing
Outgoing
Outgoing
N.
C
Riser
Incoming
Incoming
Outgoing
Outgoing
Outgoing
Outgoing
Loop
N.
C
SF6
LBS
630A
N.
C
Dist. Tr.
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N.
C
N.
C
RMU
N.
C
SF6
LBS
630A
+
Fuse
N.
C
RMU
To Dist. Tr.
N.O
N.
C
N.
C
RMU
To Dist. Tr.
N.
C
N.
C
N.
C
RMU
To Dist. Tr.
N.
C
N.
C
N.
C
Radial
RMU
To Dist. Tr.
SF6
CB
630A
Dist. Tr.
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Design Phases
▪ Concept Design (30%)
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Load Estimate
Categorization of Tie-in
Bulk Equipment(Up stream)
Zoning (Down Stream)
Block Diagram
Space Program
▪ Schematic Design (60%)
✓ Lighting
✓ Small Power
✓ Routing
▪ Detailed Design (100%)
✓
✓
✓
✓
Panel Schedule
Cable Sizing
Earthing
Lightning
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1-Load Estimate
▪ Power Density (𝑉𝐴/𝑚2 )
✓ Overall Method
✓ Load Break Down Method
▪
Type
▪
Space application
✓ Exact Method
▪ Areas
✓ Plot Area
✓ Foot Print Area
✓ Built Up Area
▪ Loads
✓ Connected Load
✓ Demand Load
✓ Coincident load
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Regulations Example
▪ According to Egyptian Electrical Company Regulation:
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Regulations Example
▪ Saudi Code (DPS)
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Codes Example
▪ IEEE:
Lighting Vs (Area)
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Codes Example
▪ IEEE:
General socket vs (Occupancy):
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Codes Example
▪ IEC: Simultaneity factor
Simultaneity factor for distribution boards. Guide
page A18
number of circuits
factor of
simultaneity
Assemblies entirely tested
2 and 3
0.9
4 and 5
0.8
6 and 9
0.7
10 and more
0.6
Assemblies partially tested
in every case choose
1
(1)
(2)
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Simultaneity factor according to circuit function.
Guide page A18
circuit function
Simultaneity
factor
lighting
1
heating and
air conditioning
1
socket-outlets
0.1 to 0.2 (1)
lifts (2) and catering hoists
- for the most powerful motor
- for the following motor
- for the others
1
0.75
0.60
in industrial installations, this factor may be higher.
IB = motor In + 1/3 Id (starting current)
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Codes Example
▪ IEC: Simultaneity factor
Simultaneity factors for an apartment block
Number of consumers
downstream
Simultaneity
factor
2 to 4
1
5 to 9
0.78
10 to 14
0.63
15 to 19
0.53
20 to 24
0.49
25 to 29
0.46
30 to 34
0.44
35 to 39
0.42
40 to 49
0.41
50 and more
0.40
Application of the simultaneity factor (ks) to 5-storey
apartment block.
4th
floor
6 consumers
36 kVA
3rd
floor
4 consumers
24 kVA
2nd
floor
5 consumers
30 kVA
1st
floor
6 consumers
36 kVA
ground
floor
4 consumers
24 kVA
0.78
0.63
0.53
0.49
0.46
Fig. B15: IEC 364
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2-Categorization of Tie-In
▪ Low voltage
✓ X<100 KVA
✓ 100 KVA< x <200 KVA
✓ 200 KVA < x
▪ Medium voltage:(Residential)
✓ One transformer
✓ Two transformers
✓ Three Transformers
▪ Medium voltage:(Admn.-Comm.)
✓ x < 1.6 MVA
✓ 1.6 MVA < x
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MDB
3-Bulky Equipment
TR
MVSG
ATS
RMU
EMDB
UPS
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Central Battery
GEN
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4-Zoning
▪ Building Conditions
▪ Sufficient Electrical Rooms
▪ Voltage Drop
▪ Branch Circuit Maximum Permitted Length
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4-Zoning
▪ Branch Circuit Max Permitted Length
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5-Block Diagram
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