B. G. C. S. E SETSWANA REVISION NOTES
1 Malebo(Acknowledgements)
Re leboga botlhe ba ba nnileng le seabe mo go kwalweng ga bukana e.
Segolobogolo b aba latelang:
Subject Specialist Programme Developer
Lesego.R. Pelotona
Writers
Maikano Masole
Ludo Polelo
Lillian May
Norman Gadilatolwe
Editor
Mmaserame David
DTP
Masole Otukile
2 Diteng
Kgaolo 1: Dipolelo (Compositions)
Kgaolo 2: Puisobatho
Kgaolo 3: Puisano
Kgaolo 4: Dipego
Kgaolo 5: Tekotlhaloganyo
Kgaolo 6: Tshoboko
Kgaolo7: Thanolo
Kgaolo8: Padi/Khutshwe
Kgaolo 9: Poko
3 Tshedimoso ka bukana e
Moithuti, buka e, re e diretse moithuti yo o setseng a kile a dira dithuto tsa BGCSE.
A setse a ithutile dintlha ka botlalo. (E seng yo o simololang). E diretswe fela go
gakolola se o setseng o kile wa se dira. Ke ka moo re e bitsang Revision notes go
go thusa go itlhokoletsa ditlhatlhobo tsa makgaolakgang. Mo go yone re lekile go go
gakolola dintlha tse o tshwanetseng go bo o di itse fa o ya go tsena mo tlhatlhobong.
Segolobogolo mo nakong e ya Covid 19 e go ka tswang go le thata go kopana kwa
disenthareng.
Bukana e, e akaretsa dintlha tsotlhe tse o ka tlhatlhobiwang mo go tsone mo BGCSE
jaaka Dipolelo (compositions), Puisobatho, puisano, dipego, tekotlhaloganyo(comprehension)tshoboko, thanolo, padi/khutshwe le poko. Ntlha
nngwe le nngwe ya tlhatlhobo, o ya go e fitlhela mo kgaolong ya yone. Re di
tlhomagantse ka dikgaolo tsa tsone jalo.
O ya go eta o ntse o fiwa ikatiso go go thusa go bona gore a o ntse o mo tseleng.
Leka go dira ikatiso, ka gore, go bala fela o sa tle o iteka go bona gore a o a kgona
ga go na go go solegela molemo mo go kalokalo. Mo teng o tla o ntse o fiwa dikai
tsa dikarabo go go kaela. Kwa bofelong jwa bukana go na le dipampiri tse di
feletseng jaanong tsa paper1,2,3 go go thusa go nna o ikgakolola le go ikala gore o
ipaakantse go le kae. Di diretswe le dikarabo go go thusa gone go ikala. O se ka wa
itlhaganelele go ya go leba dikarabo o ise o dire wena ka bowena. Fa o dira jalo
moithuti go itsietsa wena. O di dire o di ise kwa study centre se o ikwadisitseng kwa
go sone go tshwaiwa le go bontshiwa diphoso.
Fa go tsena karolo ya ntlha ya pampiri ya boraro, (section1 paper 3) go botlhokwa
thata gore o bo o badile dibuka tse di latelang:
Phuduhudu ga e tlhatlhelwe
Letlapa le le bolele
Ngwana o anywa mmagwe a sule
Motswasele
Semonate se ingewaelwa
Re go eleleltsa katlego mo tlhatlhobong. Fa o utlwang o tsietsega teng o ka leletsa
mogala 3646128 go bua le Mrs Pelotona. (ka dinako tsa tiro 7:30- 4:430)
4 KGAOLO 1
Polelo / tlhamo (composition)
Re simolola ka polelo. Mme yone polelo ke eng moithuti? Ke dumela gore o itse
polelo o ntse o di kwala go tswa kwa sekoleng se sebotlana. Mme le gale polelo e ka
tlhalosiwa go twe ke mokgwa wa go anela kana go bolela ka sengwe ka tsela e e
kgethegileng kgotsa e e faphegileng. Bangwe ba e bitsa tlhamo, o a bo o tlhama
tiragalo o bo o bolela ka yone. Fa o neelwa pampiri ya tlhatlhobo, netefatsa gore o
dira tse: Bala dipotso tsotlhe, Bolela mofuta wa setlhogo sengwe le sengwe gore a
ke kanelo, tlhaloso, nnete kgotsa kganetso / ngangisano, o bo o ka tlhopha potso
e o e arabang. Jaanong fa o tshwaelwa polelo go a bo go lebilwe dintlha tse supa
tse di latelang:
1.
Diele (sentences)
Mo polelong ya gago, dirisa mefuta yotlhe ya diele. Mefuta ya diele ke:
a)
Tse dikhutshwane (simple sentences) Bontsi jwa tsone di na le lediri le le
lengwe
Dikai:
Pule o a rema
Neo o setla mabele
b)
Diele tse di leejana (compound sentences) Bontsi jwa tsone di na le
madiri a le mabedi kgotsa go feta.
Dikai:
Neo o setla mabele ka gore o batla go apaya
Neo o apeile bogobe ka a tshwerwe ke tlala thata
c)
Diele tse dileele gape di le matswakabele (complex sentences) Bontsi jwa
tsone di na le madiri a a fetang bobedi, go na le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa
puo jaaka ditlhaodi, maetsisi, masupi, maemedi, malatlhelwa, makopanyi,
matshwaatomagano mme e bile go dirisitswe matshwao a mokwalo a a
farologaneng.
Dikai: Pule o ne a apeile dijo tse dintsi jaaka nama, bogobe le phane
mme lefa gontse jalo o ne a di ja tsotlhe a tima bana ka a ne a tshwerwe
ke tlala thata.
d)
Dikarolo tse dingwe tsa puo:
Maina: Dijo, bogobe, phane, nama, bana, tlala
Letshwaatomagano: lefa gontse jalo
Letlhalosi: thata
Lekopanyi: Mme
Letshwantshi: Jaaka
Tlhaodi: Tse dintsi
5 2.
Tiriso ya mafoko (vocabulary)
O le moithuti o solofelwa go dirisa mafoko a a sa dirisiweng mo puong ya
letsatsi le letsatsi. O tshwanetse go dirisa mafoko a a tiileng, a a bokete gape e
le a a amogelesegang. Ga o letlelelwe go dirisa mafoko a a adimilweng mo
dipuong tse dingwe kwa ntle ga fa o tlhokile lefoko la Setswana.
Sekai sa mafoko a ke: sekgantshwane, moeka, legofi, naletsana, kgabagare
jalo jalo. Dikai tsa mafoko a a letlelesegang le a a sa letlelesegeng ke a a
latelang:
Mafoko a a letlelesegang
Mafoko a a sa letlelesegeng
1. Dira/ tiro
1. Bereka / Mmereko
2. Letlhabaphefo
2. Seokomelabagwe/Festere
3. Tlhobolo
3. Sethunya
4. Lookwane
4. Peterole
5. Sebaka
5. Tshono/Monyetla
6. Ntlwana ya boapeelo/boikhutso/borobalo/
jalojalo
7. Marekisetso
6. Kamore
8. Kokelo
8. Sepatela
9. Kgolegelo
9. Toronko
10. Modisadikago
10. Makatane
11. Tsala
11. Mmata
12. Kgetsi / Kgetsana
12. Beke
13. Koloi
13. Sejanaga
14. Lorato/Lerato
14. Marato
15. Tlile
15. Tsile
16. Mogopo
16. Beisane
17. Gakgamala
17. Makala
18. Gakala
18. Kelema
19. Puso
19. Goromente
20. Lebole / Legofi
20. Mpama
21. Tshwenyega
21.Kgathala
22. Kgang
22. Kgetsi
23. Lelwapa/ Lelwapeng / Lwapeng (compound)
23. Motse
6 7. Mabentlele
3.
Matshwao a mokwalo (punctuation)
O le moithuti o tshwanetse go tshwaela polelo sentle gore matshwao a a
mokwalo a go thuse go ntsha bokao. Dirisa matshwao otlhe fela, e seng go
dirisa khutlo le phegelwana fela.
Dikai: E rile fa a tla go bona a re gatse! A gadima mme a bona go se na ope
yo o ka mo thusang.
E rile a araba a re “ga ke batle go bua sepe le. . .” a mo tsena ganong.
4.
Go kwala mafoko sentle (spelling)
O le moithuti o solofelwa go itse go kwala mafoko a Setswana sentle. Fa o sa
dire jalo o latlhegelwa ke matshwao. Mafoko mangwe a baithuti ka bontsi ba sa
a kwaleng sentle ke a:
5.
Le le siameng
Le le sa siamang
Podi
Pudi
Lepodise
Lepodisi
Ntlo
Ntlu
Mokwalo o o lolameng (orthography)
Ela tlhoko gore o tshwanetse go kwala mokwalo o o siameng gape o lolame. O
tshwanetse go tsenya tlhaka / l / fa go tlhokegang le go e tlogela fa go
tshwanetseng. Fa o tlogetse tlhaka e mo lefokong mme go itsewe e na le lone
o latlhegelwa ke matshwao. O tshwanetse go itse gape gore go na le mafoko a
a tshwaraganngwang le a a sa tshwaraganngweng fa a kwalwa.
Dikai
A A TSHWARAGANANG
A A SA TSHWARAGANENG
Katse e gone mo ntlong moo
Go ne go tletse mo kerekeng
Fa a sena go opela o ne a lela
O ne a se na diaparo fa a tswa tirong
Pule o a seka kwa kgotleng
O se ka wa ba wa ja dijo tseo
Ame, Same, Tsame, Bame (ke maina)
A me, sa me, tsa me, ba me; ke marui (mine)
7 6.
Ditemana (paragraphs)
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7.
Bontsi le boleele jwa ditemana bo laolwa ke setlhogo.
Temana ga e a tshwanela go nna teleletelele.
Temana e tshwanetse go bua ka / tshwara moono / ntlha e le nngwe, e
seng go bua ka tse pedi le go feta mo temaneng e le nngwe. Fa meono e
le mentsi ga go nne le naalano.
Ditemana di tshwanetse go logagana, di lomaganngwa ka mafoko a
tshwana le [se sengwe, se sengwe gape, gape, mo godimo ga moo, jalo
jalo]
A go nne le seele sa tlhogo se se rweleng bokao jwa se temana e buang
ka ga sone
A go nne le diele tsa tsweletso / tlaleletso tse di tlaleletsang mo go se se
buiwang ke seele sa tlhogo kgotsa di atolosa se se buiwang ke seele sa
tlhogo.
Temana e bopiwa ka diele e seng seele se le sengwe. Fa ke gone fa
matshwao a latlhegang teng fa. Se potso e se batlang (relevance)
Go botlhokwa go itebaganya le se potso e se batlang gore o e arabe ka botlalo.
Go botlhokwa gore o lebelele setlhogo thata gore se go kaele gore o
tshwanetse go kwala ka ga eng. Tsepama mo setlhogong fa o kwala e seng go
senya nako ka go tshwara kwa le kwa.
8.
Manatetshapuo / puo e e bofitlha / go kgabisa polelo
Polelo e tshwanetse go kgabisiwa gore e kgatlhise. O le moithuti o tshwanetse
go dirisa puo e e nonneng, e e gogelang gore polelo ya gago e balwe ka jaana
e tla bo e na le molodi. O ka dira jalo ka go dirisa manatetshapuo: Diane,
maele, matshwantshi, le puo nngwe fela e e tlhokang go tlhaloswa kgotsa e e
bofitlha. Puo e e tshwanetse go dirisiwa sentle.
Fa o dirisa diane le manatetshapuo a mangwe mo polelong ga o a tshwanela
go di tlhalosa. Sengwe ke gore diane ga di kgaolwe, o di dirisa jaaka di ntse.
Se sengwe ke gore fa o di dirisa ga o di tsenye mo ditsejwaneng.
Ela tlhoko gore, gore o nne le letshwao le le botoka ke gore o dirise diane
tse nne kgotsa go feta mme o di dirisa sentle.
8.1 Kagego ya polelo
a)
Setlhogo
•
Simolola ka go bala ditlhogo tsotlhe tse o di filweng mme o di
tlhaloganye.
•
Kwala mofuta wa sone fa thoko ga setlhogo sengwe le sengwe.
•
Tlhopha setlhogo se o bonang o ka kgona go kwala ka sone o
lebeletse gore se batla dintlha tse di ntseng jang.
8 •
b)
Gantsi ditlhogo tse di motlhofo go kwalega ke tsa mofuta wa
kanelo.
Matseno
Matseno ke tshimolodiso ya polelo ya gago. Matseno a ya go
farologana go ya ka mefuta ya dipolelo. Go botlhokwa gore o itse
gore mo matsenong o a bo o tsenya mmadi wa polelo ya gago, o mo
gogela gore a simolole go bala polelo. Jaaka ke boletse gore
matseno a ya go laolwa ke mofuta wa polelo, mofuta mongwe jaaka
wa polelo ya nnete, e le sekai, o ya go go tlama gore o nankole
dintlha tse o yang go bua ka tsone mo polelong ya gago.
c)
Mmele
Mo mmeleng, ke gone fa jaanong o logang karabo ka botlalo gore o
tle o bue ka setlhogo se o se filweng mo go kgotsofatsang. Fa
jaanong o ntsha dintlha ka botlalo o bo o di atolosa o lebeletse
setlhogo. Ka mantswe a mangwe o phuthulola kgang gore mmadi a
e akole a bo a tlhaloganye sentle ka setlhogo se o kwalang ka ga
sone. Fa ke gone fa o yang go itshupa bokgoni o le moithuti ka go
ala dintlha ka botswerere le go ela tlhoko tsotlhe tse o tla
gakololwang ka tsone tse di botlhoka fa o kwala polelo.
d)
Bokhutlo
Mo bokhutlong o digela kgang ka botswerere, o wetsa se o ntseng o
tla o bua ka ga sone. Go botlhokwa go konela polelo ya gago ka
tsela e e leng gore mmadi o tla ritibala le go wela maikutlo, a
tlhalogantse sentle se a neng a se bala mo mmeleng wa polelo.
Mefuta ya dipolelo e mene
1.
Kanelo (narrative)
O ke mofuta o mo go one o le moithuti o itlhamelang kgotsa o itirelang
polelo ka sengwe se se diragetseng kgotsa se le fela mo maitlhomong
kgotsa tlhaloganyo ya gago. O tshwanetse go lebelela setlhogo o bo o
kwala polelo ka sone. Fa e le gore o kwala ka sengwe se se mo
tlhaloganyong ya gago se ise se diragale gope, go botlhokwa gore se o se
kwalang se se ka sa nna kgakala le boammaaruri. Baanelwa kgotsa batho
ba o ba dirisang mo polelong ba tshele botshelo jwa nama le madi kgotsa
jo nna le wena re ka bo tshelang. Sekai ke gore botshelo jwa bone bo ka
tlhakanya boitumelo, khutsafalo, kutlobotlhoko jalo jalo. A e se ka ya nna e
kete batho ba gago o ba neela dithata tse di ba fetileng ba bo ba felela ba
tshela botshelo jo e keteng jwa medingwana kgotsa botshelo jwa
maselamose. Jo ke botshelo jo moanelwa kgotsa motho a tlaa bong a dira
dikgakgamatso kgotsa ditiro tse nna le wena re ka se kang ra di dira.
9 Ditlhogo tse dingwe tsa kanelo di tla go pateletsa gore o dirise mafoko a
tsone jaaka a ntse mo mmeleng wa polelo.
a)
Dikai tsa ditlhogo tsa polelo ya kanelo
•
O mo lebile gangwefela a bo a thubega ka selelo
•
Fa a se na go fiwa mokwalo ke ngaka, a thubega ka selelo
mme a idibala
•
Sebaga o ne a utlwa ka mongwe gore mmaagwe o
tlhokafetse
•
O ne a thantshiwa ke go utlwa selelo sa losea ka fa
baagisaning
Sekai sa polelo ya kanelo
SEBAGA O NE A UTLWA KA MONGWE GORE MMAAGWE O
TLHOKAFETSE
Dilo di simolotse go apola tshiamo e di neng di e apere fa Sebaga a
simolola mophato wa gagwe wa botlhano. E ne ya re baithuti ba sekolo sa
Nthute ba tsewa kwa dikolong tse dikgolwane go ya go dira mophato wa
bone, ene a dumelelwa kwa Mahudiring. O ile koo a rwele thoto, a
belesitswe tsotlhe tse a neng a rile o a di tlhoka, go iteelelwa fa godimo ga
tse di neng di nankotswe ka mokwalo wa sekolo. Mmaagwe o ne a mo
laya a ba a gatisetsa gore maitseo ke namane ya moroba, a se ka a feta a
ba sega tsebe. A dumela ka molomo le ka tlhogo. Mmaagwe a ritela ka
gore moremogolo go betlwa wa taola, wa motho o a ipetla.
Sebaga o gorogile kwa Mahudiring jaaka ngwana mongwe le mongwe. Ba
ne ba supediwa bonno ke batlhokomedi ba bone le go ba fa melawana ya
go nna mo matlwaneng a borobalo a sekolo. A tlhaloganya sentle.
Dithuto di ne tsa simolola mme Sebaga a ipolelela gore o ya go loma
molomo wa kwa tlase. Dilo di ne tsa tsamaya ka thelelo, setlha sa ntlha sa
wela ba utlwa ka ene.
Fa ngwaga o ntse o tsofala, a kwalela kwa gae go lekola mmaagwe. O ne
a bona phetolo mo dibekeng tse tharo, kgang e le gore mmaagwe o nesa
pula ya medupe ka a utlwile ka lekwalo gore o tsweletse sentle. Thapelo
ya ga mmaagwe kwa gae ya nna gore metsi a itshekele ruri go fitlhelela
mosetsana a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe.
Ka Matlhatso mangwe baithuti ba ne ba direlwa maitiso go koba bodutu
mme ga rulaganngwa le baletsi ba dikatara tsa segompieno go tla go ba
leletsa. Mongwe mo go bone o ne a kgatlhwa ke naletsana e go tweng
Sebaga mme a se ka a ipona tsapa go latlhela a mabedi. O ne a
10 itebaditse gotlhelele ka se ba neng ba se bolelelwa ke bogogi jwa sekolo
gore ba se ka ba bo ba amana ka gope le baithuti, e sita kang le ka jone
botsala jwa mofuta o tota.
E rile mo bekeng e e latelang ga goroga lekwalo, mo teng go phuthetswe
lesome la dipula ka pampiri. Sebaga o ne a tlala boitumelo, menate yotlhe
ya bonelwa mo go ene. Selo se ya nna selo modiro. Ngwana a iteega
tsebe, a senyega go feta phologolo e tlhaeletse mo letsatsing la selemo.
Sebaga o ne a simolola go golela barutabana, dithuto le tsone a di tsena
ka sewelo. Tsala ya gagwe ya mo gogela fa thoko morago ga thuto- katidimalo. “Sebaga tsala, kana ga o tsene. . .” Sebaga a mo kgaupetsa ka
go mo tshela santlhoko mo matlhong. Tebo a gakologelwa la motlapele le
le reng phuduhudu e e thamo telele e batwa ke marumo e se a yone. Fa
maduo a ditlhatlhobo a tswa ke fa di mmifetse. A phuaganya sekolo a ya
kwa go Rradikatara.
Barutabana ba isa mafoko kwa gae mme mmaagwe a rwala mabogo mo
tlhogong ka a ne a sa solofela se ka Sebaga. Le fa go ntse jalo a lelela
mo maleng jaaka nku a tshaba go rothisa keledi fa pele ga baeng. Mafoko
a barutabana e ne ya nna yone thaego ya bolwetse jo bo neng jwa mo
tsaya morago ga dikgwedi tse thataro.
Fa Sebaga a ntse a tsamaya le marekisetso a kopana le mongwe wa kwa
ga bone. Mosadi wa Modimo a lemoga ka mafolofolo a gagwe gore ga a
ise a utlwe tsa kwa gae. A akanya go didimala, e ntse e le ene a tlhomoga
pelo gore ngwana yo o tlile go babalelwa ke kung. A mo gogela fa
moriting mme a mmotsa gore o ile gae la bofelo leng. Maikaelelo a potso
e e ne e le go tlhola gore a mme mafoko ga a ise a goroge mo go
Sebaga. “Ke sa le ke ya gae la bofelo ke sa ntse ke tsena sekolo.”
Mosamarea yo o ne a mo tlhobosetsa mmaagwe mme a lela sa mma ijoo.
Ka a ne a itsholofetse, namane e ne ya goroga pele ga nako ka one
mabaka a. Rradikatara a mo fa tsela ka mabaka a gore e tla nna e kete o
rotloetsa botlhokatsebe jwa ga Sebaga. Morweetsana yo a tlalelwa ke
dinoka, a inamisa tlhogo mme dikeledi tsa iphetola morwalela mo
matlhong a gagwe.
Sekai se sengwe sa polelo ya kanelo.
O NE A THANTSHIWA KE GO UTLWA SELELO SA LOSEA KA FA
BAAGISANING
Dineo e ne e le motho yo o ithatelang boroko. O ne a thantshiwa ke selelo
sa losea se tswa ka fa baagisanying, a se tlhokomologa ka e bile go ne go
le maphakela thata. Selelo se, se ne sa gakala. Dineo o ne a tshwanelwa
ke go kikitlologa ka meno a maleele go ya go bona gore gatwe gare go
tseneng kwa moagisaning wa gagwe e bong Khutsi wa tsala ya gagwe.
Botsala jo bo ne bo sa le bo simologile ba tswa matlho.
11 Morweetsana yo le Khutsi e ne e le ditsala tse ditona, ba ntshana se
inong go se na bolotsana. Fa mongwe a le mo mathateng, e nna a bone
botlhe, ba emana nokeng.
Dineo o ne a tsena ka kgoro, selelo sone se ntse se tlhaga mo ntlong e
Khutsi a robalang mo go yone. Letlhabaphefo la ntlo le ne le butswe, fa a
tshwara setswalo a fitlhela se lotletswe, a ema tlhogo. Dineo o ne a tlelwa
ke leano la go okomela ka letlhabaphefo mme a bona ngwana wa ga
Khutsi yo dikeledi tsa gagwe di neng di setse di tlhakatlhakane le mamina.
Tlhaloganyo ya gagwe e ne ya ya le naga a ipotsa gore mo go dirwang ke
Khutsi e a bo e le go fe. A ngwana o kile a lotlelelwa mo ntlong! A tlelwa
ke kgakgamalo le go kukunelwa ke letshogo.
Dineo o ne a tsaya kika e e neng e ribegilwe fa setlhareng sa morula se
se neng se dirisetswa go roba sogo fa tlase ga sone, mme a e palama. O
ne a latlhela bofofu mo teng ga ntlo. O ne a bona Khutsi a rapaletse fa
kgokgotshwaneng ya ntlo, a dikaganyeditswe ke madi. A bona gore ga e
ntšha e kgologolo, korwe o hupile thupa. Tlhaloganyo ya gagwe e ne ya
taboga go gaisa motlhomi wa lobelo. O ne a fologa kika mme a leka
setswalo gape, ga retela. Dineo o ne a tlhaba mokgosi mme ga se ka ga
nna le nko e e tswang lemina. Kakanyo ya gagwe e ne ya mo ruta gore e
tiragalo e batla ba molao ka sebele. Se a se boneng se ne se mo fetile. O
ne a tsaya mogala wa letheka a ba tlhaeletsa.
Mapodise a ne a goroga morago ga metsotso e le masome mabedi, e e
neng e kete dikgwedi mo go Dineo. Ba ne ba dira ka fa ba itseng ka teng.
Kana golo fa, batsadi ba ga Khutsi ba ne ba ile masimo ka go ne go na le
moletlo teng. Ene o ne a setse ka e ne e le ngwana yo o sa laolesegeng,
le ene ngwana yo a mo tshotse ka gone go utlwa wa manong. Dineo o ne
a fa borre ba puso motlhala wa gore bagolo ba ga Khutsi ba ka batlelwa
kae. Morago mogolowe Khutsi wa mosadi o ne a tlhalosetsa mapodise
gore Khutsi le rre yo a neng a ratana le ene ba ne ba nna le kgotlhang e e
neng ya tsala dikomano mo bošeng.
Phitlho ya ga Khutsi e ne e tshologetswe ke boidiidi jwa batho, ba ne ba
ikiditse go nna baatlhodi. Batsadi le bone ba ne ba tsaya boitlhobogo ka
ba ne ba ntse ba bona ditsela tse di kgopo tsa ngwana wa bone le gore o
tlile go swa ka bonana ka a ne a medile dinaka. Ngwana wa gagwe o
goletse mo tlhokomelong ya ga mmaagwemogolo ka one mabaka a.
12 Ikatiso:
Tlhopha nngwe ya ditlhogo tse di fa godimo mme o kwale polelo ya boleele
jwa mafoko a le 300 – 500.
Tell the student what to do with it once they have finished
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14 2.
Polelo ya tlhaloso (descriptive)
O le moithuti o tshwanetse go tlhama polelo o lebeletse setlhogo se o se
filweng o bo o tlhalosa mo go tseneletseng mo mmadi yo o balang polelo ya
gago a tla ikutlwang o kare o ne a le teng. Ka mantswe a mangwe mmadi wa
polelo ya gago o tshwanetse go bona ditiragalo tse o di boneng jaaka wena mo
fa a bala polelo ya gago.
Dikai tsa ditlhogo tsa polelo ya tlhaloso (descriptive)
•
Matlhabisa ditlhong a ke a boneng kwa lenyalong la ga malome
•
•
Dikgaisano tsa mmino tse ke di tseneletseng kwa Lepokole
Motshameko wa makgaolakgang wa kgwele ya dinao o o ke o
itumeletseng
•
Lefelo le ke le ratileng go feta mafelo otlhe
Ikatiso
Tlhopha nngwe ya ditlhogo tse di fa godimo mme o kwale polelo ya
boleele jwa mafoko a le 300 – 500
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17 3.
Kganetso / ngangisano (argumentative)
Moithuti, o tla bo o filwe ditlhogo tse di farologaneng tsa mofuta o wa polelo. O
tshwanetse go tlhopha setlhogo a bo a kwala polelo ka sone. Setlhogo se se tla
bo se wela ka dumela kgotsa ganetsa.
1.
Kwa ntlheng fela, tlhopha letlhakore le o eletsang go le buelela le go
kwala o le mo go lone. Konokono ya kgang ke gore fa o sena go tlhopha
letlhakore o a le papamatsa. O ka re: Ke dumelana le setlhogo se se
reng. . . kana fa e le gore o a ganetsa o ka re ke ganetsa setlhogo se se
reng. . . Fa o sena go tlhopha letlhakore o kwala o le mo letlhakoreng le
go fitlhelela kwa bofelong jwa polelo o sa tlolele kwa letlhakoreng le o sa
le tlhophang.
Go botlhokwatlhokwa gore o le moithuti o se ka wa tlhopha letlhakore o lebile
maikutlo a gago ka setlhogo seo. Fa o ka dira jalo o tla tlhoka dintlha o bo o
latlhegelwa ke matshwao. Sekai, fa setlhogo se re Tiriso ya thupa e thusa go
aga moithuti, dumela kgotsa ganetsa, wena o bo o tlhopha go ganetsa fela ka
gore o kile wa betswa kana o tshaba thupa jaanong o batla go imolola maikutlo
a gago mabapi le thupa, ga go a siama. Kilo e ya thupa e kgona go go thiba
matlho o bo o sa lebe dilo sentle.
Ditlhogo tsa polelo ya kganetso / ngangisano
•
Baithuti ba basetsana ba ba tlogetseng sekolo ka ntlha ya boimana ba
tshwanetse go fiwa sebaka sa go boela sekolong go tsweledisa dithuto,
dumela kana ganetsa
•
Tiriso ya thupa e thusa go aga ngwana, dumela kana ganetsa
•
Nyalo ya maloba ya go batlelwa e ne e e na le mosola dumela kana
ganetsa
Tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV/AIDS, e tshwanetse go patelediwa dumela
kana ganetsa. •
Sekai sa polelo ya ngangisano
BAITHUTI BA BASETSANA BA BA TLOGETSENG SEKOLO KA NTLHA YA
BOIMANA BA TSHWANETSE GO FIWA SEBAKA SA GO BOELA MO
SEKOLONG GO TSWELEDISA DITHUTO
Moithuti yo o dumelang
Ke dumelana le setlhogo se se reng baithuti ba basetsana ba ba tlogetseng
sekolo ka ntlha ya boimana ba tshwanetse go fiwa sebaka sa go boela mo
sekolong go tsweledisa dithuto. Go siame thata go neela baithuti sebaka ka
18 ntlha ya mabaka a a farologaneng. Mabaka a a dirang gore baithuti ba
busediwe mo sekolong a akaretsa gore ba na le tshwanelo ya go ithuta, ba tlaa
bo ba fiwa sebaka sa go ikaga, botshelo jwa segompieno bo ikaegile ka thuto,
baithuti bangwe ba ima ka mabaka a botshelo a ba se nang taolo mo go one,
go fokotsa morwalo mo pusong le go fokotsa borukutlhi.
Baithuti ba ba latlhegetsweng ke sekolo ka ntlha ya boimana ba na le
tshwanelo e le Batswana ya go tsena sekolo fela jaaka Motswana mongwe le
mongwe. Go ima ga bone ga go reye gore jaanong ba bo ba rontshiwa
tshwanelo ya bone ya go ithuta, e tla bo e le go ba baya ka fa mosing.
Basetsanyana ba fa ba itsholofela morago ba bo ba busediwa mo sekolong ba
nna le sebaka sa go ikaga. Kana fa gongwe ba a bo ba ne ba ima ka gore ba
ne ba sa ntse ba buduletse ba ise ba gamoge ditlhaloganyo ka jalo fa ba filwe
sebaka ba tla leba dilo ka leitlho la motho a gamogile. Ba tla ithuta mo
diphosong tsa bone mme ba ikitse go boela magaleng gabedi. Kana Motswana
a re tshwene e a re go ša e re e bona pilo e sie.
Botshelo jwa segompieno bo batla motho a iteilwe seatla. Fa o batla tiro o
tshwanetse go itshupa gore o badile go ema fa kae le gore o ne wa bona
maduo a a ntseng jang. Ka lone lebaka le, barweetsana ba ba tshwanetse go
fiwa sebaka sa go betla bokamoso jwa bone. Go mosola thata ka e bile
jaanong ba tla bo ba sa iteba ba le nosi, ba lebile le one masea a ba a
tshotseng go ba tlamela mo isagong. Ba ka dira jalo fela fa ba ka letlelelwa go
boela mo sekolong go tsweledisa dithuto tsa bone.
Mo godimo ga mabaka a ke a ntshitseng, ke papamatsa gore ke sa ntse ke re
go maleba go busetsa baithuti ba mo sekolong ka lebaka la gore fa gongwe
boimana bo ba wela ka ntlha ya mabaka a a farologaneng a botshelo a ba se
nang taolo mo go one. Mabaka a e ka nna a petelelo kgotsa go dirisiwa
botlhaswa mo go tsa tlhakanelo dikobo. Moithuti wa go nna jaana fa a sa fiwe
sebaka o tla bo jaanong a gamotswe gabedi, go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa
tlhakanelo dikobo ga mmogo le go timiwa thuto.
Ke tswelela ke ntse ke supa gore go botlhokwa go busetsa baithuti ba ba neng
ba ile botsetseng mo sekolong ka lebaka la gore puso fa e tswelela ka go ruta
baithuti ba, e tla bo e ithola morwalo wa go ba tlhokomela le masea a bone. Fa
ba sena go boela sekolong jaana, ba ka ithuta, ba fenya ditlhalhobo mme
morago ba dira go bona sepenyana se ba ka itshetsang ka sone le bana ba
bone. Fa ba sa busediwa, puso e tlamega go ba tlhokomela go ya go ileng.
Ke dumelana thata le setlhogo se ka gore go tlhoka go busetsa basetsana ba
mo sekolong go ka tsala borukutlhi jo bo ka tsogang bo opisa puso tlhogo.
Baithuti ba ba ka inaakanya le ditiro tsa borukutlhi go leka go itshetsa le masea
a bone. Sekai sa mofuta wa borukutlhi jo ba ka bo dirang ke go ithekisa mebele
gore maakanyana a ba a bonang ba itlamele ka one le bana ba bone. Se se tla
bo se tlama puso go tswa ka mananeo a go kganela kgotsa go lwantsha
borukutlhi jo mo go ka bakang tshenyo ya madi a a neng a ka solegela
Batswana ba bangwe molemo. Ka mabaka a a fa godimo, ga ke na pelaelo ka
19 tshiamo ya go busetsa basetsana ba ba tlogetseng sekolo ka ntlha ya boimana
mo sekolong gore ba tsweledise dithuto tsa bone.
Sekai sa polelo ya ngangisano
Yo o ganetsang
Ga ke dumalane kgotsa ke ganana gotlhelele le setlhogo se se reng baithuti ba
basetsana ba ba tlogetseng sekolo ka ntlha ya boimana ba tshwanetse go fiwa
sebaka sa go boela mo sekolong go tsweledisa dithuto. Ke ganetsa setlhogo
se ke lebile mabaka a a farologaneng jaaka bokete jwa go tsena sekolo o le
mmangwana, go tlhoka go phuthuloga, go tlhoka go dirisa ditlamelo tsa
botsogo, go okeletsa puso morwalo le gone go ka ima ka bomo tota.
Go busetsa basetsana ba mo sekolong ke matsapa fela. Go nna bokete thata
go tlhakana le go tshela sentle le baithuti ba bangwe. Se se dirwa ke gore
baithuti ba a bo ba rwele morwalo wa go nna batsadi le go nna baithuti ka nako
e le nngwe. Gangwe le gape ba palelwa ke go tla sekolong ka mabaka a a
farologaneng, mangwe a one e le gore fa ngwana a sa tsoga ba tshwanelwa ke
go bona gore o bona bongaka, segolo bogolo ka e bile fa gongwe le bone ba
se na batsadi ba tlhomamo ba ba ka ba tlhokomelelang bana. Baithuti ba
tshwanelwa gape ke go taboga le diofisi tsa boipelego go bona thuso e ba e
tlhokang le bana ba bone mme se e nna sekgoreletsi se segolo.
Lebaka le lengwe ke gore baithuti ba ga ba phuthuloge, ba nna ba ikgogonne.
Batho ba Modimo ba a bo ba sa itire, ba kgobiwa ke ba bangwe ka dipuo le go
ba bitsa maina a a tshwanang batsetse, bagolo, batsadi jalo jalo, mo go ba
tlisetsang kutlobotlhoko e kgolo. Kgang e e dira gore ba nne ba etile megopolo
go bo go tsala gore ba palelwe ke go roba sone se ba se tletseng sekolong. Ka
jalo go ba busetsa mo sekolong go tla bo go se mosola.
Ke tswelela ke re baithuti ba mofuta o ga ba tshwanela go busediwa mo
sekolong ka gore nna ga ke bone lebaka la gore ba bo ba ne ba iteseletsa go
ima. Ga go na motho yo o welwang ke boimana ka gore ba rutwa ka boimana
letsatsi le letsatsi. Puso e phuthulotse letsogo ka go neela Batswana ditlamelo
tsa thibelo ya boimana mo dikokelong. Motho o ka ipotsa gore di tsamaile
bogole fa kae gore ba se ka ba di dirisa ka gore di tsewa ntle le theko gape ba
lephata la Bogakolodi ba dikolo ba ipha matsapa go ruta baithuti ka tlhakanelo
dikobo e e sa sireletsegang le ditlamorago tsa yone. Tota le bone ba go ka
tweng ba dirisitswe botlhaswa, e ka bo e rile ka mmu wa ntlha fela ba bo ba
tshabela kwa go ba Bogakolodi kgotsa Bommaboipelego go hema gore seemo
se bo se ba gorose mo boimaneng.
Ke gana ke bo ke itaya tlhogo fa fatshe kgang ya gore baithuti ba ba tlogetseng
sekolo ka boimana ba busediwe sekolong ka gore se ke go okeletsa puso
morwalo. Fa baithuti ba ba amogelwa la ntlha, ba akarediwa mo
ditogamaanong tsa go ba rekela dibuka, dijo le ditlamelo tse dingwe fela jalo.
Fa ba ima ba a di tlogela go tla ba boa gape. Madi a mantsi a tla bo a dirisitswe
mo go ba baakanyetseng mo mme ba sa a sole molemo. Fa ba busediwa mo
20 sekolong gape, puso e boa gape e ipoa seboaboane mo go ba tlameleng, mo
go bo go tshwana le go e gamela mo mokgokoloseng. Ka jalo ga ke bone go le
maleba go ba busetsa mo sekolong.
Lebaka le lengwe le le dirang gore ke ganetse setlhogo se ke gore baithuti ba
ima ka bomo ba itse gore puso e tla ba busetsa gape mo sekolong. Ga ba
ithute sepe se se kalo mo diphosong tsa bone le tsa ba bangwe ba ba ba
boneng ba imile, ke sone se o bonang bangwe ba bone ba ipoeletsa go ya
madibeng. Ba itse sentle gore ba tla fiwa sebaka, le yone puso e tla tswelela ka
go ba tlhokomelela bana. Ka one mabaka a a fa godimo a, ke ganana le gore
baithuti ba ba imileng ba busediwe mo sekolong gape.
Ikatiso
Tlhopha nngwe ya ditlhogo tse di fa godimo mme o kwale polelo ya
boleele jwa mafoko a le 300 – 500, o dumelana le setlhogo
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Ikatiso
Tlhopha nngwe ya ditlhogo tse di fa godimo mme o kwale polelo ya
boleele jwa mafoko a le 300 – 500, o ganetsana le setlhogo
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25 4.
Polelo ya mabaka a nnete (factual)
Polelo ya nnete kgotsa ya dintlha ke polelo e e buang boammaaruri ka
setlhogo e seng sepe gape. Ga e batle moithuti a goga letlhaku kgotsa a
oketsa marago ka matlapa. Ka one mabaka a, fa moithuti a tlhopha potso ya
teng, e bo e le moithuti yo o balang thata kgotsa a na le kitso e e bophara e bile
e tsepame ka se se diragalang mo matshelong a batho ka kakaretso. Ke
mofuta wa polelo o go ka tweng o o tlhopha o ikiteile sehuba ka gore fa o se na
tse di fa godimo ga o ka ke wa e kwala mo go kgotswafatsang mme se se bake
tatlhegelo ya matshwao.
Ditlhogo tsa polelo ya nnete
•
•
•
•
Go latlha ngwao go baketse lefatshe la Botswana mathata
Bojanala bo na le mosola mo itsholelong ya batswana
Ditswammung di dirile go le gontsi go tlhabolola lefatshe la Botswana
Melelo ya naga e na le ditlamorago tse di botlhoko
Sekai sa polelo ya nnete (factual composition)
GO LATLHA NGWAO GO BAKETSE LEFATSHE LA BOTSWANA
MATHATA
Ruri Batswana ba kile ba itlhaba ka thipa mpeng ka go latlha ngwao ya bone.
Ngwao e botšwa ka dintlha jaaka puo, kapari, dijo, ditsamaiso tsa go nyala,
ditsamaiso tsa diphitlho le dithuto, E le ruri go latlha ngwao go baketse lefatshe
la Botswana mathata a a farologaneng.
Go latlha puo ya Setswana, e e leng bontlha bongwe jwa ngwao go na le
dibelebejane. Batho ba latlhile puo e ba e amuleng mo matseleng a
bommaabo, ba dirisa puo fela e ba e kapeditseng e tla le phefo e tswa kwa e
tswang teng. Mo bogompienong go dirisiwa puo fela e e lolea, e e latlhileng
khumo ya mafoko a Setswana ga mmogo le bokao jwa one. Fa motho a ka
tshokane a e buile mo bokopanong kgotsa kokoano nngwe fela, batho ba
retologa ka go mo leba ka lenyatso ka a sa bue Sekgoa. Selo se se atile mo e
leng gore le bana ba rutwa gore puo ya mmammane ke Sekgoa. Go sega
tsebe go fitlhela ngwana wa Motswana a akanya ka sekgoa, a bo a sa tlhabiwe
ke ditlhong tsa go bua gore ene kana Setswana se a mo palela! Go na le
mathata a gore puo e e siameng ya Setswana e a nyelela ka one mabaka a
mme kana fa puo e nyelela, ka e le bontlha bongwe jwa ngwao, go raya gore le
yone e ya moribe. Batswana ba tsoga ba se na letshwao la gore ke Batswana.
Tsetla e nngwe e e supang ngwao ya batho ke kapari. Kapari ya setso kana
ngwao e akaretsa diaparo di tshwana le metseto, diphae le diphaeyana,
makgabe, ditshega le yone mesese ya mateitshe ya Jeremane. Malatsi a,
diaparo tsa mofuta o ga o ka ke wa di bona motlhofo, di ile. Batswana ba
tabogile le kapari ya moseja e ba dumaleng gore go e apara go supa
26 tlhabologo. Ga go sa tlhola go na le pharologanyo fa gare ga mme le rre ka ba
apara go tshwana. Baratangwao ba lela sa mmaijoo ka mabaka a a tatlhegelo
e kgolo. Tse ba lekang go di dira go busetsa dilo mo maemong ba jewa
setshego ka lefoko la gore ga baa tlhabologa.
E ntse e le gone go supa gore go latlha ngwao go diretse Batswana mathata,
go ka lebelelwa dijo tse Batswana ba di jang. Batswana ba latlhile dijo tsa
Setswana tse di neng di humile moroko gape di sa tlhotlhiwa. Maungo a naga
ga a sa tlhola a bapalwa le go jewa, diphologolo di mo letlepung ka di se na
kgaisano. Batho ba ba Modimo ba thuba lobelo go ja dijo tse di tlhotlhilweng
moroko, tse di tlhabolotsweng e bile di na le mafura gammogo le metswako ya
segompieno e e dirang gore di nne lobaka di sa senyege. Tse tsotlhe di bakela
lefatshe mathata ka malwetse a a tlisiwang ke dijo tsa go nna jaana, tse puso e
tshwanelwang ke go itaya kgetsi go thusa balwetse ba go nna jalo.
Ngwao ya setšhaba e lemogiwa gape ka ditsamaiso tsa go nyala. Maloba fale
makau a ne a batlelwa makgarebe a ba ka a nyalang, go tswa foo batsadi ba
bo ba tsamaisa merero go fitlhelela ngwetsi e goroga mo lelwapeng. Go ne go
dirwa dithuto le ditsamaiso tse di tlhokafalang go baakanyetsa banyalani ba
kgolagano ya bone. Dilo tse tsotlhe di katetswe ke se se bidiwang tlhabologo.
Bana ba a inyadisa, fa gongwe le batsadi ba utlwalela ka batsei ba molelo.
Selo se se baka ditlhalano, dipolaano le tsone dintwa tse di sa feleng ka
banyalani ba a bo ba tsene mo nyalong ba sa e rupisetswa pele. Puso e nna le
mathata ka go tlamela masiela a a tlisitsweng ke nyalo ya mofuta o. Ditlhalono
le tsone di ile magoletsa, puso e senyegelwa ke madimadi mo ditshekong tse.
Go na le disamaiso tsa go fitlha tse le tsone di fetogileng, go latlhilwe tsa
ngwao go dirisiwa tsone. Diphitlho tsa malatsi ano ke mokgabo e bile ke
kgaisano. Batho ba ikaletsa ka dijo le diphutho tsa madimadi. Kwa morago ga
phitlho, ba ba salang ba sala ba le mo lehumeng la nta e tshetlha. Puso e nna
le mathata ka jaanong e tshwanelwa ke go tsaya boikarabelo jwa go
tlhokomela ba ba setseng, segolo bogolo bana.
Maloba jale bana ba Batswana ba ne ba fiwa dithuto tsa bogwera le bojale kwa
ba neng ba rutwa, gareng ga tse dingwe, go tlotla bagolo, go tsaya boikarabelo
le dithuto tsa botshelo ka kakaretso. Dithuto tse ga di sa leyo, bana ga ba na
tlotlo, tota le bone bagolo ba ngosela go kgalema bana ba ba sa ba amusang
ka ba itse fa ba tla bo ba kgotlile dimo mo maragong. Go tlhoka dithuto mo go
dirile gore botlhokatsebe le borukutlhi di gole ka go se na ope yo o tsayang
boikarabelo, bagolo le bana ke di ya thoteng di bapile. Puso e nna le mathata a
go tswalela dirukutlhi tse ga mmogo le go di tlhokomela ka ditshenyegelo tse di
seng kana ka sepe. Ga go na yo o ka ganetsang gore go latlha ngwao go
baketse lefatshe la Botswana mathata.
27 Ikatiso
Tlhopha nngwe ya ditlhogo tse di fa godimo mme o kwale polelo ya
boleele jwa mafoko a le 300 – 500.
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29 KGAOLO 2
PUISO BATHO
Moithuti re tsena mo mofuteng o mongwe wa go kwala. One ke wa puiso batho. O
fitlhelwa mo pampiring ya ntlha karolo ya bobedi (Paper 1, Section 2). Ke dumela
gore o itse puisobatho gore ke eng. Yone ke mokgwa wa go isa molaetsa kwa
bathong ka tsela e e faphegileng. Ke tsela e e faphegileng ka lebaka la gore sebui
se a bo se le foo se bua le batho ka kgang nngwe e e botlhokwa kana e e
tshwenyang mo setšhabeng. Mongwe le mongwe yo o foo ka nako ya puiso batho o
kgona go itseela molaetsa ka o a bo a o ikutlwela ka ditsebe tsa gagwe go tswa mo
sebuing sa tlotla. Dintlha tse di botlhokwa tse di senogang mo go se ke sa tswang go
se ala fa ke tse:
•
•
•
•
Go na le sebui sa tlotla
Go na le molaetsa o sebui sa tlotla se batlang go o abelana le bareetsi
Go na le bareetsi kana batsenelela phuthego ba ba tlileng go utlwa kgang
Go na le kokoano/ phuthego
Fela jaaka dipolelwana tse dingwe, puiso batho e a kwalwa gore sebui se se ka sa
lebala dintlha tsa botlhokwa. Fa e kwalwa jaana go na le tsela e e tshwanetseng go
salwa morago go supa fa e le puiso batho kana go e farologanya le dipolelwana tse
dingwe.
Puiso batho e ka direlwa mo mafelong a a farologaneng a akaretsa, dikgotla,
dikokelo, dikolo, kwa mafelong a diphuthego tsa polotiki le mo mafelong a
mangwe a a farologaneng.
Fa o kwala puiso batho ela tlhoko dintlha tse di latelang:
•
Mo puiso bathong o bua go na le batho fa pele ga gago
•
Gangwe le gape o tshwanetse go dirisa mafoko a a supang fa o buisa batho ka
go a farologanya kgotsa go a kabakanya, o se ka wa dirisa a a akaretsang
batho botlhe fela
•
Go tshwanetse ga bo go na le kgang e o buisang batho ka yone, o tshwanetse
go bo o dirile dipatlisiso ka yone kana o e itse ka botlalo gore o kgone go bua le
batho ka yone.
•
Supa kitso ka se o buang ka sone gape ela tlhoko gore ga o itsheege ka
letlhakore le le lengwe fela la potso ke gore o bua ka ditlamorago fela o
itlhokomolositse tse dingwe kana o bua ka tharabololo fela jalo.
Fa kgang e sa supe bothata e itebagantse le botlhokwa jwa sengwe, supa se
se go gwetlhileng go tla go bua ka kgang eo, o bo o supe gore o batla go roba
eng ka puiso ya gago o bo o remelela mo mosoleng wa se o buang ka ga sone.
Se o buang ka ga sone ga se a tshwanela go fapoga se se mo kaeding e bile o
tshwanetse go bo o na le dintlha tse di farologaneng tse di arabang kaedi.
•
•
•
Dintlha di tshwanetswe go alwa ka matsetseleko, go se ka ga nna le tobekano.
Setlhogo se nne fa se tshwanetseng teng se agilwe sentle, morago se latelwe
30 ke ditumediso le tsone di dirilwe sentle. Mo mmeleng le gone dintlha di alwe ka
botswerere, di buledisiwe gore di kgone go tswa kana go wela sentle. Bokhutlo
le jone fela jalo bo nne le ba jone bareetsi, ba fiwe mofago.
•
Tiriso ya puo e nne e e phepa, puo e e humileng Setswana sa rona. Puo e
dirisiwe ka tsela e e leng gore ga e na go kgobera maikutlo a batho kana go
fatlha bareetsi. Go dirisiwe puo e e phefofaditsweng ka dinako tsotllhe.
Fa kgang e supa bothata o tshwanetse go supa gore bothata joo ke bofe, bo na le
ditlamorago dife e bile bothata bo ka rarabololwa jang e seng o botsa bareetsi gore
bothata bo ka rarabololwa jang kana o ba raya o re ga o itse gore bo ka rarabololwa
Tebego ya puiso batho
1.
Setlhogo
Fela jaaka dipolelwana tse dingwe, puiso batho e tshwanetse go nna le
setlhogo. Setlhogo sa puisobatho se bopiwa go tswa mo kaeding/ potsong e e
boditsweng mo tlhatlhobong. Setlhogo se, se farologana le ditlhogo tsa
dipolelwana tse dingwe ka sone se senola tse di latelang:
•
•
•
•
•
Sebui ke mang
O buisa batho ka ga eng
O buisa bomang
O ba buisa ka nako mang
O ba buisa kwa kae
Sekai
(O mooki go tswa kwa kokelong ya Mmadinare o laleditswe o le sebui sa
tlotla go tla go buisa baithuti ba mophato wa bone ka bodiphatsa jwa
boimana jwa banana. Batsenelela phuthego ke batsadi, botsamaise jwa
sekolo, baithuti, barutabana le kgosi ya motse. Kwala puiso batho o
itebagantse le tsetlana e e fa godimo)
Fa re sekaseka kaedi e e fa godimo, re ka bopa setlhogo sa puiso batho jaana:
Mooki wa Mmadinare o buisa baithuti ba mophato wa bone kwa ntlolehalahala
la bojelo mo sekolong se segolwane sa Mmadinare ka bodiphatsa jwa boimana
jwa banana ka nako ya bobedi mo tshokologong
Ikatiso
Moithuti le wena dirisa kaedi e e fa godimo go ikagela setlhogo se se
pharologano le se o setseng o se filwe.
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Morago fela ga go kwala setlhogo moithuti o tshwanetse go dumedisa
batsenelela phuthego. Batsenelela phuthego ba dumedisiwa go lebeletswe
maemo a bone. Yo o dumedisiwang pele o tshwanetse go bo a na le maemo a
a kwa godimo mo go botlhe ba a nang le bone. Le fa go ntse jalo sebui sa tlotla
se tshwanetse go itse fa se tsaya marapo mo go motsamaisatiro ka jalo o ka
mo leboga go ba a mo file sebaka sa go bua a sa lebelela maemo a gagwe, ke
gone a bo a dumedisa.
Mo ditumedisong, moithuti o tshwanetse go ela tlhoko pharologanyo fa gare ga
go dumedisa le go leboga. Gape moithuti ga a tshwanela go nankola maina a
batho/ batsenelela phuthego fela a ba a sa ba dumedise.
Sekai sa tumediso ya puiso batho
Go tswa kwa kaeding e e kwa godimo ele, moithuti o ka dumedisa jaana:
Ke tla tsaya sebaka se go leboga motsamaisa tiro go bo a mphile sebaka sa go
buisa kokoano e e fano. Ke tla simolola ka go dumedisa kgosi ya motse,
botsamaisi jwa sekolo, barutabana, batsadi ga mmogo le baithuti ba ba fano.
Bagaetsho ke le dumedisa ka pula!
Moithuti fa o kwadile jaana ga o a
dumedisa
dumedisa. Kgangkgolo ke go
Ke a leboga motsamaisatiro, ke tla lemoga boleng teng jwa kgosi ya motse,
botsamaise jwa sekolo, barutabana, batsadi gammogo le baithuti ba ba fano.
Ikatiso
Dumedisa batsenelela phuthego ba ba latelang go ya ka maemo a bone,
batsadi. Mokhanselara, molaodi, kgosi, moemedi go tswa kwa Lephateng la
Thuto le baithuti.
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32 3.
Matseno a puiso
Matseno a Puiso batho a kgaogane gabedi, mo go one go na le
Dintlha tsa pulo (opening) Go le gantsi fa batho ba biletswa phuthego ba tla
ba omana mo tseleng ka lebaka la gore go a bo go na le ditiro tse ba ka bong
ba di dira mo nakong eo mme jaanong ba patelesega go tla phuthegong go
raya gore bangwe ba tla ba tenegile, ba tla ba gogomogile maikutlo ka jalo tiro
e tona ya sebui sa tlotla fa, ke go wetsa maikutlo a batho, go ba reba maikutlo
le gone go ngoka theetso ya bone. Sebui sa tlotla se ka dira tse di latelang go
dira gore batho ba tle ba se reetse
•
•
O ka lebogela batsenelela phuthego nako ya bone go tla phuthegong ba
tlogetse ditiro tsa bone
O ka supa botlhokwa jwa pitso ya gagwe
Sekai sa matseno a puiso batho:
Bagaetsho ke lebogela matsapa a le a tsereng go tla pitsong le tlogetse ditiro
tsa lona. Ke lo leboga go menagane go bo lo bone go tshwanela go tla go
itseela molaetsa wa letsatsi la gompieno ka tsoo-pedi ka ga twe tsebe go
reelediwa e gole e e gaufi e a itheeletsa. Betsho, mo sekolong se sa
Mmadinare re tshwenyegile, go na le seemo se se sa re nniseng sentle, se se
re apesitseng kobo ka letshoba. Ke ka jalo ke boneng go tshwanela gore mo
letsatsing la gompieno re bo re kokoane fano
Sekai se fa godimo se, se ka dira gore mang le mang yo o neng a tla a sa
iketla mo moweng jaanong a reetse, a batla go itse gore seemo se se
tshwenyang mo sekolong se ke sefe.
Ikatiso
Dira maiteko a go dira gore batho ba go reetse, o bo o supe botlhokwa jwa
pitso.
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33 Maikaelelo( objective) morago ga go ngoka theetso sebui sa tlotla se
tshwanetse go rola moono wa puiso, a supe gore o bileditse batho eng e bile o
batla go roba eng mo pitsong e ya gagwe.
Sekai sa maikaelelo a puisobatho
Bagaetsho ke lo biditse jaana ka re na le mathata mo sekolong se sa
Mmadinare. Betsho, bana ba sekolo se ba ima ka dipalo tse di tsitsibanyang
mmele ka jalo ke lo biditse jaana gore re tle re thulanye ditlhogo ka seemo se
re tle re nne le tharabololo ya sennela ruri. Maikaelelo a matona ke gore
morago ga pitso e re bone seemo se se wela tlase kana dipalo tsa bana ba ba
imang di fokotsegile thata.
IKATISO
Kwala maikaelelo a puiso e mo go yone o buang ka botlhokwa jwa thuto mo
setšhabeng.
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Maikaelelo a puiso a farologanngwa ke kaedi, fa go na le bothata kgotsa
matshwenyego mo kaeding, o tshwanetse go supa bothata joo go tswa fa o bo
a supa gore o batla go fitlhelela eng ka puiso e. Fa go se na bothata mo
kaeding, sebui sa tlotla se bue ka botlhokwa jwa sengwe, sebui se tshwanetse
34 go supa moono wa kgang le gone gore o gwetlhwile ke eng go tla go buisa
batho ka kgang e le gore o batla go roba eng morago ga puiso
4.
Mmele wa puiso batho
Mo mmeleng wa puiso batho moithuti o laolwa ke potso kana kaedi ka fa e
beilweng ka teng. Moithuti o tshwanelwa ke go sekaseka kaedi ka botlalo go
aga mmele wa puiso ya gagwe.
A re lebeleleng dikaedi tse di latelang re sekaseke pharologanyo ya tsone:
•
•
o mooki o buisa baithuti ka tiriso ya ditagi e e kwa godimo
o moemedi wa lephata la thuto o buisa baithuti ka botlhokwa jwa thuto
Fa o lebelela kaedi ya ntlha o lemoga fa sebui se bua ka bothata ka ntlha ya
gore fa tiriso ya ditagi e le kwa godimo ke selo se se tshwenyang mo
setšhabeng ka jalo sebui se tshwanetse go supa gore:
•
•
•
•
Bothata ke eng?
Bo bakwa ke eng?
Bo na le ditlamorago dife?
Bo ka rarabololwa jang?
Fa o lebelela kaedi ya bobedi ga go na bothata, sebui se tshwanetse go supa
kgotsa go bolela botlhokwa jwa thuto:
•
•
a supe gore o gwetlhilwe ke eng go bua ka mosola wa thuto
a tlhalose mosola wa thuto mo botshelong.
Ikatiso
Tlhopha nngwe ya dikaedi tse di fa godimo o age dintlha tsa mmele o
itebagantse le yone.
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36 5.
Bokhutlo jwa puiso batho
Kwa bokhutlong jwa puiso sebui sa tlotla se tshwanetse go abela batsenelela
phuthego ditiro tse di tsamaelanang le se a neng a bua ka sone. Se re
tshwanetseng go se lemoga ke gore batsenelela phuthego gantsi ba ba
balolotsweng mo kaeding, ba a bo ba le botlhokwa ka nngwe tsela mo go se go
buiwang ka sone. Ba ka nna le seabe mo go tliseng phetogo ya seemo se go
buiwang ka sone ka jalo sebui sa tlotla se ka gwetlha gore go nne le phetogo
ka gone go abela batsenelela phuthego ditiro. A a ba fe mofago mabapi le
kgang ya gagwe a bo a wele ka go ba lebogela theetso.
Sekai sa bokhutlo jwa puiso batho
Bagaetsho ke garela ka gore seemo se se batla rotlhe re ema ka dinao go se
fema. Batsadi, a re ithuteng go bua le bana ba rona segolo bogolo ka tsa
tlhakanelo dikobo re bo re dise le metsamao ya bana ba rona. Banana, golo fa
re bua ka bokamoso jwa lona ke lona le ka tlisang phetogo ka go ikgapha le go
gakololana ka bo lona. Kgosi ya motse, a e nne e re mo diphuthegong tsa
kgotla le ama kgang e ka ke kgang ya moruthutha, bana ba senyegelwa ke
bokamoso.
Ikatiso
Ithutuntshe go khutlisa puiso batho o dirisa nngwe ya dikaedi tse di fa godimo.
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37 Sekai sa puisobatho e e feletseng.
(O mooki go tswa kwa kokelong ya Mmadinare o laleditswe o le sebui sa
tlotla go tla go buisa baithuti ba mophato wa bone ka bodiphatsa jwa
boimana jwa banana. Batsenelela phuthego ke batsadi, botsamaise jwa
sekolo, baithuti, barutabana le kgosi ya motse. Kwala puiso batho o
itebagantse le tsetlana e e fa godimo).
Mooki go tswa kwa kokelong ya Mmadinare o tla bo a buisa baithuti ba
mophato wa bone ka bodiphatsa jwa boimana jwa banana kwa ntlolehalahala
ya sekolo se segolwane sa Mmadinare ka nako ya bobedi mo tshokologong.
(mo ke setlhogo sa puiso batho)
Bagaetsho ke tla tsaya sebaka se go leboga motsamaisa tiro go bo a mphile
sebaka sa go bua le lona. Ntle ke simolole ka go dumedisa kgosi ya rona e e
fano, botsamaise jwa sekolo, barutabana, batsadi ga mmogo le lona baithuti.
Bagaetsho ke le dumedisa ka pula! (Mo ke ditumediso) (Mo ke matseno)
Betsho, ke le leboga go menagane go bo le ne la nna tsebe ntlha fa mokgosi o
kuiwa go tla go itseela ka tsebe tsoo-pedi ka segarona se bolela jalo gore tsebe
go reelediwa e e gole e e gaufi e a itheeletsa. Batswanabetsho, ke le leboga
go menagane go bo le tlogetse ditiro tse di farologaneng le tla pitsong e e
botlhokwatlhokwa e. Bagaetsho go na le seemo se se sa re jeseng di welang
mo lefatsheng le la rona bogolo jang ka e bile se ama banana, bone ba
lefatshe le beileng bokamoso mo go bone. Ke itumela thata fa ke le bona
banana ka kgang e, e ama lona thata.
Batswana, ke le biditse fa ka boimana jwa banana bo re apesitse kobo ka
letshoba. Dipalopalo di supa gore masome a a supang mo lekgolong a
baimana ke banana ba ba sa ntseng ba le mo dikolong. Maikaelelo magolo a
pitso e betsho ke go thulanya ditlhogo go reba seemo se pele se bifela pele.
Keletso ya me ke gore morago ga puiso e, re bone dipalo tsa boimana jwa
banana di fokotsegile. (mo ke maikaelelo a puiso batho)
Bagaetsho seemo se re buang ka sone se se bakwa ke dilo tse di
farologaneng. Banana, fa le ipona le le fa jaana le rata madi. Go rata madi mo
ga lona go le bakela dilabenyana ke sone se boimana jwa banana bo leng kwa
godimo jaana. Bagaetsho, boimana jo gape bo bakwa ke go sa tlhokomela
bana ka jalo batsadi, bana ba ba felelela ba itšhebatšhebela kwa ntle mo go
ba tlelang ka kgang e. Se sengwe gape betsho, se se bakang boimana jo ke
boitaolo jwa banana. Banana, ga le kgalemesege, le tabogela go metsa le ise
le tlhafune le bo le betwa.
Betsho, kgang e re e tshwereng fano e, e na le ditlamorago tse di masisi, bana
ba rona batsadi, ba senyegelwa ke bokamoso e bo e nna morwalo wa rona.
Se sengwe gape se se tshwenyang ke gore banana, bangwe ba lona ba felela
ba tsenwa ke malwetse a dikobo a a se nang kalafi ntswa lefatshe le beile mo
go lona.
38 Le fa seemo se ntse jaana bagaetsho, go na le go le gontsi mo re ka go dirang
go se reba. Batsadi a re bueng le bana ba rona ka tsa tlhakanelo dikobo, mo
godimo ga moo, re dise metsamao ya bone. Banana le lona bokamoso ke jwa
lona, le ka fedisa seemo se ka go ikgapha le gone go ikamogela. Botsamaise
mo sekolong, a re nneng le seabe ka go dira dithuto-se ka- dipuisano le
banana ka bodiphatsa jwa go ima e sa le banana, re gase lesedi go boloka
bokamoso jwa bana ba.
Kwa bokhutlong ke wela ka gore rotlhe re ka tlisa phetogo. A re emeng ka
dinao go lwantsha seemo se ka moroto wa o esi ga o ele. Banana,
bongwanaka ikageng le itse fa moremogolo go betlwa wa taola wa motho o a
ipetla. Ka a le kalo batsadi, a re se itsapeng go gakolola bana ba rona mo
malwapeng le mo sekolong. Ke lebogela theetso ya lona bagaetsho nelwang
ke pula! (Mo ke bokhutlo)
Ikatiso
Lebelela kaedi e e latelang o bo o kwala puiso batho ka mafoko a fa gare ga
200-300
(O Tona ya tsa Botsogo le Boitekanelo, o laleditswe go tla go buisa morafe wa
Shoshong ka letshololo le le tshwenyang mo lefatsheng la Botswana.
Batsenelela phuthego ke banana, kgosi, mopalamente, mokhanselara, batsadi
le bomma/boraboitekanelo.)
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41 Ikatiso
(O laleditswe o le sebui sa tlotla mo moletlong wa kabo dimpho mo
sekolong sa Radisele. Batsenelela moletlo ke batsadi, moemedi go tswa
mo Lephateng la Thuto, barutabana, baithuti le kgosi. Kwala puiso batho
o itebagantse le kgang e.)
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44 KGAOLO 3
PUISANO
Ke kgang fa gare ga batho ba le babedi. Dibui tse di a bo di abelana megopolo ka
sengwe se e leng gore ga ba se lebe ka go tshwana, yo mongwe o dumela fa se
siame fa yo mongwe a dumela fa se sa siama. Ka ntlha ya phaapano ya megopolo,
go felela go nna le ngangisano fa gare ga dibui tse. Mongwe le mongwe wa bone o
ntsha mabaka a a tiileng go buelela letlhakore la gagwe. Dintlha tse di botlhokwa mo
go se ke sa tswang go se bua ka puisano:
•
•
•
Dibui di nna pedi fela
kgang ka ga sengwe
matlhakore a dibui tse pedi
Sekaseka se o se kwadileng fa godimo mo maitemogelong a gago ka puisano o
sekaseke gore o a na le dintllha tse di latelang:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Puisano e fa gare ga dibui tse pedi fela
Go na le kgang e dibui tse di e tsereng
Go nna le ngangisano mo dibuing
Sebui sengwe le sengwe se buelela letlhakore la sone ka mabaka a a
utlwalang
Ga go na sebui sepe se se tshwanetseng go botsolotsa fela se sa fe mabaka a
sone
Dibui di tshwanetse go dirisa dikai go buelela matlhakore a tsone
Dibui ga di a tshwanela go ineela di ise di ntshe mabaka a a utlwalang go
buelela matlhakore a tsone.
Tiriso ya masakana le tiriso ya matshwao a marothodi ga di letlelesege mo
puisanong
Kagego ya puisano e na le tshedimoso, matseno, mmele le bokhutlo.
Tshedimoso o sedimosa gore dibui ke bomang, ba bua ka ga eng, ba bua ba le
fa kae, nako mang gammogo le matlhakore a bone.
Tebego ya puisano
Puisano fela jaaka dipolelwana tse dingwe e na le ka fa e tshwanetseng go
rulaganngwa ka teng.
Ketapele/ tshedimoso/ setlhogo
Puisano e simolola ka ketapele, bangwe ba re tshedimoso, fa ba bangwe ba re
setlhogo. Se se solofelang fa ke gore go sedimoge gore:
•
•
•
•
•
Dibui ke bomang
Ba bua ka ga eng
Ba bua ba le fa kae
Ba bua nako mang
Matlhakore a dibui ke afe
A re lebelele kaedi e e latelang re dire tshedimoso
45 (Neo le mmaagwe, e bong Thato ba bua ka kapari ya seša. Mmaagwe Neo o
bona e sega tsebe fa Neo ene a bona e siame fela. Sala kaedi e morago o kwale
puisano ka mafoko a fa gare ga 200 le 300)
Dirisa kaedi e e fa godimo go dira setlhogo\ tshedimoso\ ketapele ya puisano
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1.
Matseno
Morago ga tshedimoso go tsena matseno a puisano kana dintlha tse di
gogelang kwa puisanong. Dibui di tshwanetse go alela kgang pele di tsena mo
go yone. Di ka e alela ka:
•
•
•
Madume fa go tlhokafala, fa e le gone ba kopanang
Mafoko a botsalano a a tla felelang a re gogela kwa kgannyeng ya bone.
Kgang ya dibui e tshwanetse go gwetlhwa ke sengwe, go supege gore ke
eng se se bakileng gore ba felele ba tsaya kgang eo
Fa re dirisa kaedi e e fa godimo dibui tsa rona di ka simolola jaana;
NEO : Dumela mme, go rileng o lebega o tshwenyegile jaana?
THATO:
Dumela Neo ngwanaka, pelonyana e, e a uba e batla
mogodungwana, tota mme ke
tobekantswe maikutlo ke ka fa ke boneng
Seipone a apere ka teng. Kapari e ya lona baša ruri e tlhabisa ditlhong.
NEO : Ao mma, Seipone ke mmone a tswa a re o ya posong, o ne a apere
bontle tota. Kapari e ya seša e ntle e le ruri nna mma ke a e rata.
Moithuti, a o lemogile se se bakileng kgang fa gare ga ga Neo le mmaaagwe?
Kgang e gwetlhilwe ke ka fa seipone a neng a apere ka teng fa a ya posong.
Neo o bona go le gontle fa mmaagwe a bona go tlhabisa ditlhong. Se ke sone
se se tlileng go baka ngangisano fa gare ga bone ka kapari ya seša
46 Ikatiso
Leka go itirela matseno a gago a a pharologano le a a fa godimo.
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2.
Mmele wa puisano
Mo mmeleng wa puisano dibui di tshwanetse go buelela matlhakore a tsone ka
mabaka a a utlwalang. Sebui sengwe le sengwe se tshwanetse go nna le
dintlha tse di arabang setlhogo e bile di atolositswe ka botswerere (Selection of
ideas and presentation of ideas).
Mongwe le mongwe a itsetsepele ka letlhakore la gagwe go se na ketsaetsego
ya gore mang a reng (clear line of Argument).
Se sengwe gape se dibui di tshwanetseng go se dira ke go buelela matlhakore
a bone ka mabaka a a utlwalang le dikai tse di tshelang go leka go gogela yo
mongwe mo letlhakoreng la gagwe (Proof and Justification).
Le fa go ntse jalo, sebui sepe ga se a tshwanela go ineela motlhofo. Go nne le
tekatekano ya dintlha mo dibuing tsotlhe e bile dibui di arabane. Sebui se
akgele mo go se se builweng ke yo mongwe pele se ntsha lebaka kana ntlha
ya sone.
47 Pele fa moithuti a ka kwala mmele wa puisano o ka itirela moalo go
lekalekanya dintlha tsa gagwe gore a tle a se ka a sokamela letlhakore le le
lengwe
Sekai sa moalo:
Kapari ya seša e siame
Kapari ya seša ga e a siama
E ntle, e senola dipopego tse dintle tsa
motho
E rogisa batho e supa dikarolo tsotlhe
tsa mmele
E tsamaelana le diphetogo tsa seša
Ka ngwao, mosadi o tshwanetse go
apara mo go nang le seriti
E dira gore batho ba bone bakapelo ka
bofefo(nyalo)
E oketsa dikgang tsa dipetelelo,banna ba
tswa pelo ke go bona batho ba ntse
maponapona mo mebileng
E fa seriti e bile e supa tlhabologo
E nyeletsa ngwao ya Setswana ka le
bagolo ba inaakantse le yone
Morago ga go leka go lekalekanya dintlha tsa gago ke gone o ka abelang dibui
tsa gago mafoko o itebagantse le se se mo moalong mme e bile o etse tlhoko
gore dibui tsa gago di a arabisana.
Sekai sa mmele wa puisano:
THATO: A wa re bontle hee Neo. Moaparo o wa lona ke go sa itlotla, go
ithogisa batho fela ka o supa dikarolo tsotlhe tsa mmele wa motho.
NEO: Waitse mme o a bo o tla mpolaisa ditshego o re ke go ithogisa batho, e-e
mme, ga go a nna jalo, kapari e e supa fa re tshelela mo diphetogong ka jaana
le mo marekisetsong moaparo ole wa segologolo o sa tlhole o le teng.
THATO: Neo ngwanaka le fa o ka tshega jang, o a itse fela sentle gore ka
ngwao ya rona ya Setswana mosadi o tshwanetse go itlotla, ga a tshwanela go
bontsha mongwe le mongwe mmele wa gagwe. Mmele wa mosadi o bonwa ke
monna yo a mo nyetseng fela e seng mo ga lona mo.
NEO. Mma, banna ba malatsi a barata kapari e ya seša e, mo ga go tlhola o
khukhutha ka mesese e meleele ga go na monna ope yo o go bayang sebete
ka ba tsaya gore motho o a bo a ise a tlhabologe. Mma, lebelela Lesego wa ga
mmaKhana gore o nyetswe maabane fela jaana a fetsa sekolo ka ntlha ya go
apara bokhutshwane.
THATO: Ke a go utlwa Neo ngwanaka fa o re e le tlisetsa nyalo mme kana e
tlisa tse di bosula di le dintsi go na le tse di siameng. Gompieno ngwanaka fa
re bua jaana a o lebala gore mmaagwe Dipuo o ne a welwa ke seru se se
ntseng jang ka ntlha ya kapari yone e ya lona, ngwana wa gagwe Dipuo o ne a
48 betelelwa ke dilalome di le supa ka nako e le nngwe, fa re bua jaana mmaagwe
o oka malwetse a se nang bothijo.
NEO: Tota Dipuo mma o ne a welwa ke seru fela mme ga ke dumele fa e le
kapari ka jaana le bone ba ba aparang dilwana tse dikhukhuthang ba a
betelelwa, mo ke borukutlhi fela jo bo mo lefatsheng. Nna mma ke sa ntse ke
re kapari e, e na le seriti e bile e supa tlhabologo ya rona re le Batswana.
THATO: Ga ke dumalane le wena fa o re e supa tlhabologo ya Batswana, nna
ke bona e nyeletsa ngwao ya rona ka gore le bagolo o fitlhela ba inaakantse le
yone, ga go na pharologanyo mo mogolong le mo ngwaneng mo go bakang
tlhakatlhakano le mo boitsholong ka kakaretso.
NEO: Mma fa o bona le bagolo ba e apara jaana ke yone e e tletseng mo
marekisetsong e bile tshiamo ya yone ke gore e tlisa kgwebo, bagwebi ba
tshela ka yone.
THATO: O se ka wa lebala gore bagwebi jaaka o bua jaana ba mo kgwebong
ba rekisa sengwe le sengwe se se ka ba tsenyetsang madi ka jalo go mo go
rona gore a re ya le bone kgotsa re ngangatlela ngwao ya rona le boitsholo jo
bontle jo re itseweng ka jone kana re iteseletsa go fokwa ke diphefo tse re sa
itseng kwa di tswang teng
3.
Bokhutlo jwa puisano
Puisano fela jaaka dipolelwana tse dingwe e tshwanetse go khutlisiwa. Mafoko
a dibui di a dirisang a tshwanetse go senola fa ba tlile mo bokhutlong jwa
kgang ya bone. Bontsi jwa baithuti ba na le go latlhega fa ba setse ba tsena
kwa bokhutlong jwa puisano ba na le go tsenya sebui se sengwe gone fa, se
gantsi o fitlhelang se iphitlhile ka masakana. Mo puisanong masakana ga a
letlelesege gotlhelele ka jaana dibui di tshwanetse go nna pedi fela. A dibui di
khutlise ka mafoko a tsone di ntse di le pedi fela. Ba bangwe baithuti ba na le
go dirisa matshwao a marothodi go supa fa sebui sengwe se tsenwe ganong le
one fela jalo ga a dirisiwe mo puisanong. Kwa bokhutlong jwa puisano dibui di
ka welelana (ba dumelana), yo mongwe o a bo a gogetse yo mongwe gore a
bone dilo ka fa a di bonang ka teng. Gape ba kgona go khutlisa puisano ya
bone ba sa welelana (ba sa dumelana) fa go ntse jaana mongwe le mongwe o
a bo a wela a ntse a ngangatletse letlhakore la gagwe, le fa gontse jalo, a go
supege gore ba wetse.
Sekai
NEO: Tota mma fa o bua ka ngwao o dira gore ke ye le mogwang borwa ka
tota go setse go tlhalositswe jalo gore tšhaba e e se nang ngwao ke moka e
latlhegileng.
THATO: O a utlwa hee, mosetsanyana wa me, nna ke itse o le tsebe ntlha go
utlwa. Jaanong reetsa thata Neo o tswe mo bokamponwaneng ba o tlholang o
ba apara ba, ba borai mo matshelong a batho.
49 NEO: Ke itumelela thuto e ntle e o e nthutileng gompieno. Fa ke ya go reka
dilwana tsa keresemose monongwaga, ke ya go nna kelotlhoko gore ke reka
eng ga ke reke eng.
THATO: ke a leboga ngwanaka go bo o bone fa kapari e ya seša e sa siama.
Tsamaya o ye go ntirela mogodungwana ke emise go edimola mo go
kanakana.
NEO: Le nna ke a leboga go bo o mputse matlho mme, tla ke ye go dira
mogodungwana ke tle ke lekole mmangwane le ise le phirime
THATO: Dira jalo ngwanaka.
(Mo bokhutlong jo bo fa godimo jo, dibui di wetse ka go dumaelana. Neo o
feletse a dumelana le mmaagwe fa kapari ya seša e sa siama)
Ikatiso
Kwala bokhutlo jwa puisano e mo go yone dibui di sa dumalaneng.
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50 4.
Puo ya puisano
Puo mo puisanong gantsi e ya go laolwa ke gore go bua mang le mang:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tsholofelo ke gore puisano fa e le fa gare ga mogolo le ngwana, mafoko a
a dirisiwang ke dibui a tshwanetse go supa tlotlo
Le fa ngwana a ganetsa mogolo a se ka a lebala fa a bua le mogolo a bua
a ikgagolaka, o tshwanetse go bua le ene a ikokobeditse
Mogolo le ene fa a bua le ngwana ga a tshwanela go omana ka nako
tsotlhe le fa a farologana le ene o tshwanetse go mmontsha seo ka
boikobo a se ka a itsa ngwana go bua ka go mo garumela
Fa dibui e le balekane le gone puo e ba e dirisang e tshwanetse go supa
seo mme gape e le Setswana se se lolameng kgotsa se se dirisiwang
Balekane gantsi ba tshabelelwa ke go dirisa puo e e sa letlelesegeng mo
mokwalong jaaka eita da! le mmata. Tsholofelo e nngwe mo puong ke
gore dibui di dirise puo e e bofitlha kana puo fela e e loileng
Mafoko a dibui a tshwanetse go wela
Le fa yo mongwe a ka tsena yo mongwe mo ganong kana a supa
maikutlo ka nngwe tsela, tse tsotlhe re tshwanetse go di sedimosetswa ke
puo e ba e dirisang.
A re lebelele puisano e jaanong e feletse re ntse re ikaegile ka kaedi e e kwa
tshimologong
(Neo le mmaagwe e bong Thato ba bua ka kapari ya seša. Mmaagwe Neo
o bona e sega tsebe fa Neo ene a bona e siame fela. Sala kaedi e morago
o kwale puisano ka mafoko a fa gare ga 200 le 300)
Neo le mmaagwe e bong Thato ba ntse ka fa tlase ga setlhare sa morula
mo tshokologong kwa lwapeng la bone. Ba tsere kgang ka kapari ya seša.
Neo o bona e siame fa Thato a sa e bee sebete gotlhelele.
NEO : Dumela mme, go rileng o lebega o tshwenyegile jaana?
THATO:
Dumela Neo ngwanaka, pelonyana e, e a uba e batla
mogodungwana, tota mme ke tobekantse maikutlo ke ka fa ke boneng Seipone
a apere ka teng. Kapari e ya lona baša ruri e tlhabisa ditlhong.
NEO : Ao mma, Seipone ke mmone a tswa a re o ya posong, o ne a apere
bontle tota. Kapari e ya seša e ntle e le ruri nna mma ke a e rata.
THATO: A wa re bontle hee Neo. Moaparo o wa lona ke go sa itlotla, go
ithogisa batho fela ka o supa dikarolo tsotlhe tsa mmele wa motho.
NEO: Waitse mme o a bo o tla mpolaisa ditshego o re ke go ithogisa batho, e-e
mme, ga go a nna jalo, kapari e e supa fa re tshelela mo diphetogong ka jaana
le mo marekisetsong moaparo ole wa segologolo o sa tlhole o le teng.
THATO: Neo ngwanaka le fa o ka tshega jang, o a itse fela sentle gore ka
ngwao ya rona ya Setswana mosadi o tshwanetse go itlotla, ga a tshwanela go
bontsha mongwe le mongwe mmele wa gagwe. Mmele wa mosadi o bonwa ke
monna yo a mo nyetseng fela e seng mo ga lona mo.
51 NEO: Mma, kapari e ya seša e banna ba malatsi a ba a e rata, mo ga go tlhola
o khukhutha ka mesese e meleele ga go na monna ope yo o go bayang
sebete ka ba tsaya gore motho o a bo a ise a tlhabologe. Mma, lebelela
Lesego wa ga mmaKhana gore o nyetswe maabane fela jaana a fetsa sekolo
ka ntlha ya go apara bokhutshwane.
THATO: Ke a go utlwa Neo ngwanaka fa o re e le tlisetsa nyalo mme kana e
tlisa tse di bosula di le dintsi go na le tse di siameng. Gompieno ngwanaka fa
re bua jaana a o lebala gore mmaagwe Dipuo o ne a welwa ke seru se se
ntseng jang ka ntlha ya kapari yone e ya lona, ngwana wa gagwe Dipuo o ne a
betelelwa ke dilalome di le supa ka nako e le nngwe, fa re bua jaana mmaagwe
o oka malwetse a se nang bothijo.
NEO: Tota Dipuo mma o ne a welwa ke seru fela mme ga ke dumele fa e le
kapari ka jaana le bone ba ba aparang dilwana tse dikhukhuthang ba a
betelelwa, mo ke borukutlhi fela jo bo mo lefatsheng. Nna mma ke sa ntse ke
re kapari e, e na le seriti e bile e supa tlhabologo ya rona re le Batswana.
THATO: Ga ke dumalane le wena fa o re e supa tlhabologo ya Batswana, nna
ke bona e nyeletsa ngwao ya rona ka gore le bagolo o fitlhela ba inaakantse le
yone ga go na pharologanyo mo mogolong le mo ngwaneng mo go bakang
tlhakatlhakano le mo boitsholong ka kakaretso.
NEO: Mma fa o bona le bagolo ba e apara jaana ke yone e e tletseng mo
marekisetsong e bile tshiamo ya yone ke gore e tlisa kgwebo, bagwebi ba
tshela ka yone.
THATO: O se ka wa lebala gore bagwebi jaaka o bua jaana ba mo kgwebong
ba rekisa sengwe le sengwe se se ka ba tsenyetsang madi ka jalo go mo go
rona gore a re ya le bone kgotsa re ngangatlela ngwao ya rona le boitsholo jo
bontle jo re itseweng ka jone kana re iteseletsa go fokwa ke diphefo tse re sa
itseng kwa di tswang teng.
NEO: Tota mma fa o bua ka ngwao o dira gore ke ye le mogwang borwa ka
tota go setse go tlhalositswe jalo gore tšhaba e e se nang ngwao ke moka e
latlhegileng.
THATO: O a utlwa hee, mosetsanyana wa me, nna ke itse o le tsebe ntlha go
utlwa. Jaanong reetsa thata Neo o tswe mo bokamponwaneng ba o tlholang o
ba apara ba, ba borai mo matshelong a batho.
NEO: Ke itumelela thuto e ntle e o e nthutileng gompieno. Fa ke ya go reka
dilwana tsa keresemose monongwaga, ke ya go nna kelotlhoko gore ke reka
eng ga ke reke eng.
THATO: ke a leboga ngwanaka go bo o bone fa kapari e ya seša e sa siama.
Tsamaya o ye go ntirela mogodungwana ke emise go edimola mo go
kanakana.
NEO: Le nna ke a leboga go bo o mputse matlho mme, tla ke ye go dira
mogodungwana ke tle ke lekole mmangwane le ise le phirime
THATO: dira jalo ngwanaka.
52 Ikatiso
(Kwala puisano ka mafoko a a fa gare ga 200-300. Boiki o buisana le
rraagwemogolo ka bogadi. Boiki o bona bo siilwe ke nako fa rraagwe
mogolo a re bo botlhokwa mo nyalong).
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54 Ikatiso
(Kwala puisano ka mafoko a fa gare ga 200-300. Gosego le Tumelo ba
buisana ka dikereke tsa malatsi ano. Gosego a re di siame fa Tumelo a sa
dumalane le ene).
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56 Ikatiso
Ka setlhopha sekasekang tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo
puisanong e
Bora le Pako ba bua ka thuto. Bora a re e botlhokwa fa thuto a sa bone
mosola wa yone
Pako:(o bua a sinaletse) Waitse ga ke itse gore batho ba itshwenyetsang ka
thuto.
Bora: (o mo kgwa dikgaba) ao! Mmata thuto e botlhokwa
Pako: O raya botlhokwa jwa eng
Bora: Fa o rutegile o kgona go bona tiro ya maemo o bo o itshetsa le
balelwapa la gago
Pako: Ke mang yo o rileng batho ba ba sa rutegang ga ba kgone go itshetsa?
Bora: (a bua a tlhwaafetse). Heela mma wee, thuto e botlhokwa a o bitsa go
sela mo didustbin o re go itshetsa?
Pako: Ke go itshetsa, go itshetsa wena o itse go tewa eng?
Bora: Ijo motho o ka itiela nako ka wena a re fetole kgang nna ga ke rate dijo
tsa sekolo.
Pako: A kere o utlwa ke bua ka thuto wena o bua ka dijo tota wa re o ngwana
wa ga mang
Bora: Ke ngwana wa ga mmaSethi le rraSethi
Pako: O a itse fa o re mmaSethi o nkgopotsa nako tsele tsa bogologolo go….
Bora: Ijo go ne go leba yo o sebete. Kwa…
Pako: Ija nna ke a tsamaya ke na le mosepele o moleele ka moso
(ba a kgaogana Pako o wela tsela e telele go leba kwa ga bone fa Bora ene a
nnetse go ija dinala ka fa tlase ga setlhare)
Kwala tse di siameng tse o di bonang mo puisanong e.
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Kwala tse o bonang di sa siama mo puisanong.
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58 Baakanya puisano e e fa godimo o e kwale ka fa tshwanelong.
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60 KGAOLO 4
PEGO
Moithuti ke dumela gore o setse o kile wa kwala pego mme o itse gore pego go tewa
eng. Pego ke mokgwa wa go bolela ka tiragalo e e diragetseng, e e diragalang
kgotsa e e tla diragalang ka tsela e e faphegileng.
Dipego di bonwa kae?
Di bonwa mo mafelong a a farologaneng. Pego e ka bonwa kana ya utlwiwa:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mo seromamoweng
Mo sesupaditshwantshong
E ka balwa mo dipampiring tsa dikgang
E ka bonwa mo dibukeng tse di farologaneng
E ka bonwa kana ya batlisisiwa mo metlobong ya dibuka
E ka bonwa mo mafelong a a beelang ditsangwao.
Tebego ya pego
Pego fela jaaka dipolelwana tse dingwe e na le thulaganyo e e rileng e e
tshwanetseng go salwa morago fa e kwalwa. Pego e agiwa ka tse di latelang:
1.
Setlhogo
Pego nngwe le nngwe e tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo ka e le sone se se
senolang se pego e itebagantseng le sone. Setlhogo sa pego gantsi moithuti o
se aga go tswa mo kaeding kana potso e a boditsweng.
Sekai
(O mongwe wa baithuti ba ba neng ba le mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo fa
Segopotso a thuba letlhabaphefo la ntlwana ya borutelo. Kwalela
mogokgo pego ka tiragalo e.)
Setlhogo. Bosupi ka letlhabaphefo le le thubilweng ke segopotso mo
sekolong sa Utlwa.
Popo ya setlhogo sa pego e tshwanetse go tsamaelana le mofuta wa pego e
moithuti a e kwalang. Setlhogo se se fa godimo se lopa moithuti go fa bosupi
ka tiragalo e e diragetseng ke sone se setlhogo sa yone se nang le lefoko
bosupi. Go tshwanetse go supege fela kwa setlhogong gore moithuti o kgonne
go itse mofuta wa pego.
2.
Matseno a pego
Fela jaaka setlhogo, matseno a pego a tshwanetse go nyalana / go tsamaelana
le mofuta wa pego. Mo dipegong tsotlhe ka go farologana dilo tse di senogang
mo matsenong ke tse di latelang:
•
•
•
Mmegi ke mang
O bega ka ga eng
Se a begang ka sone se diragetse kae
61 •
•
Se a begang ka sone se diragetse ka nako mang
Go amega mang kana bomang mo go se a se begang
E rile kwa Molapowabojang ka Matlhatso ka nako ya borobabobedi mo
mosong kwa kgotleng kgolo ya motse banana le bagolo ba motse ba bo
ba phuthegile go ipelelwa letsatsi la boipuso jo bo kgethegileng.
3.
Mmele wa pego.
Mo mmeleng wa pego mmegi o bega tiragalo ka botlalo. O bolela se se
diragetseng a tlhalosa kana a supa gore go simolotse jang, go tsweletse jang,
dibui e ne le bomang ba ne ba reng. Letsatsi le ne la natefisiwa jang. Potso e e
arabesegang thata ke ya jang. Moithuti o tshwanetse go tlhalosa ka botlalo se
se diragetseng.
Ikatise
Atolosa matseno a a fa godimo o kwale mmele o tlhalose se se diragetseng ka
botlalo.
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4.
Bokhutlo jwa pego
Pego e e wetseng sentle e tshwanetse ya nna le bokhutlo jo le jone bo
tsamaelang le mofuta wa pego. Moithuti o tshwanetse go dirisa mafoko a a
supang fa a khutlisa.
•
•
•
•
E rile a garela ditiragalo tsa letsatsi, rre Kemo a kopa banana go ikitaya
ka thupana . . .
Moletlo o ne wa khutlisiwa ke . . .
Kwa bokhutlong kgosi e ne ya . . .
Mokhanselara o ne a wetsa tiro . . .
Bangwe ba na le go dira phoso ya go kwala leina kwa bofelong ba tsaya gore
ke gone jaaka ba khutlisa.
Ikatiso
Kwala bokhutlo o wetse se o se kwadileng fa godimo
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MEFUTA YA PEGO
Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya pego
•
•
Pego ya semmuso
Pego e e seng ya semmuso
Pego ya semmuso
Pego e ke pego e mo go yone mmegi a begang se se diragetseng jaaka se
ntse. Mmegi ga a letlelesege go dirisa metlae ga mmogo le go senola maikutlo
a gagwe e bile ga a tsee lethakore. Mmegi wa pego e o tshwanetse go
tlhomamisa se a buang ka ga sone ga a a tshwanela go akanyetsa sepe.
Mmegi o tshwanetse gore a bege ka se a se utlwileng ka ditsebe tsa gagwe
kana se a se boneng se diragala ka matlho a gagwe.
Mefuta ya pego ya semmuso e mebedi
•
•
E e fang bosupi
e e sa feng bosupi
Mo ditirong ka go farologana kana mo mabakeng a a farologaneng mongwe o
ka kopiwa go fa bosupi ka tiragalo nngwe e e diragetseng. Sekai mooki o ka fa
bosupi ka tiragalo e e diragetseng mo kokelong. Moithuti o ka fa bosupi ka
tiragalo nngwe e e diragetseng mo sekolong fa gongwe mongwe o ka kwalela
64 ba sepodise pego a fa bosupi ka tiragalo nngwe e e diragetseng mo tikologong
e a neng a le mo go yone.
Tse di solofelwang mo pegong e e fang bosupi:
Setlhogo- jaaka go tlhalositswe kwa tshimologong setlhogo se tshwanetse go
tsamaelana le mofuta wa pego. Mo setlhogong sa pego e e fang bosupi lefoko
bosupi le tshwanetse go nna teng mo setlhogong go senola fa mmegi a
lemogile fa e le pego e e batlang bosupi
Sekai.
(Kwala pego ka mafoko a sa feteng 300 ka tiragalo e mo go yone dilalome
di neng tsa tlhasela marekisetso a Saverite)
Setlhogo: bosupi ka tiragalo e dilalome di tlhasetseng marekisetso a saverite
Matseno – fela jaaka go setse go supilwe kwa godimo matseno a pego a
tsamaelana le mofuta wa pego. Pego e e fang bosupi matseno a yone a
tshwanetse go senola tse di latelang:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Maina a mmegi ka botlalo (leina le sefane)
Dingwaga tsa mmegi
Bong jwa mmegi
Aterese ya mmegi kwa a nnang teng\ kgotla\kana nomoro ya ntlo
Tiragalo e mmegi a begang ka yone
Tiragalo e ama bomang
Ikatiso
Dirisa setlhogo se se fa godimo go aga matseno a sone.
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Mmele
Mo mmeleng wa pego e e fang bosupi, dintlha tse di ntshiwang e tshwanetse
go nna tse di ka thusang mo di tlhotlhomisong. Mmegi wa yone o tshwanetse
go supa gore go diragetse eng\ se diragalela bomang. sengwe le sengwe se
tlhalosege ka botlalo, bosupi bo nne mo paananeng. Dikai tse di ka thusang mo
mmeleng ke tse:
•
•
•
•
•
Tiragalo e dirilwe ke mang bomang (bong)
Tebego ya bone
Dipopego
Kapari
Didirisiwa tsa bone
Ikatiso
Atolosa matseno a o a kwadileng fa godimo o kwale mmele o tlhalose se se
diragetseng ka botlalo.
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67 Bokhutlo
Kwa bokhutlong jwa pego e e fang bosupi mmegi o tshwanetse go wets aka
gore:
•
•
•
Ke gone gotlhe mo ke go boneng
A bo abaya monwana (signature) o salwa morago ke kgwedi
A bo a segela tsela go supa fa a weditse pego ya gagwe
Sekai sa pego e e tletseng e e fang bosupi
Bosupi ka dilalome tse di tlhasetseng marekisetso a Saverite.
Nna Kgomotso Baiphi mosadi wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bone yo o nnang
kwa Maipaa mo kgotleng ya Mmu ke bega ke fa bosupi ka dilalome tse di
tlhasetseng marekisetso a saverite mo Mmu.
Tiragalo e diragetse kgwedi ya lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi
monongwaga mo tshokologong. Banna ba bararo ba ne ba tsena mo
marekisetsong a Saverite jaaka bareki ba bangwe. Dirukutlhi tse di ne di apere
marokgwe a mantsho le dikipara tse dintsho. Ba babedi mo go bone ba ne ba
le bakhutshwane fa yo moleele yo o tsamayang a kotsepela o ne a na le lebadi
le letona mo phatleng.
Borre ba ba ne ba lebaleba mo marekisetsong mme ba tsaya dilo tse di
farologaneng ba tsena mo meleng e e farologaneng go ya go duela. E rile yo
mongwe wa bone yo o lebadi fa phatleng a goroga fa ba duediseng a ntsha
tlhobolo a laola gore mongwe le mongwe yo o mo marekisetsong a rapalale fa
fatshe. Badiri nae le bone ba ntsha ditlhobolo tsa bone mme ba simolola go
thukutha batho megala ya matheka, disupanako ba feleletsa ka go tsaya madi
a a mo mabeelong a madi. Dilalome tse di ne tsa tsenya madi mo dikgetseng
tse dintsho tse ba neng ba di tshotse. Ba ne ba tswa ka kgoro ya marekisetso
ba tsena mo koloing ya modiro wa Corolla e tshweu ya nomoro ya B115 AEF
ba leba botlhabatsatsi.
Ke gone gotlhe mo ke go boneng
Kbh
24.06.2019
Pego e e sa feng bosupi
Mmegi wa pego o bega se se diragetseng jaaka se ntse a dirisa puo e e
tlhwaafaetseng e bile a tlhomamisa se se diragetseng. O tshwanetse go bega
ka se a se boneng kgotsa se a se utlwileng se diragala.
Dikai tsa pego e:
•
•
Pego ya bokwaledi
Pego ya maphata a a farologaneng
68 •
•
Pego ya mekgatlho
Pego ya botsamaise
Mo mabakeng a a farologaneng maphata, mekgatlho, bakwaledi, batsamaise
ba ba farologaneng ba ka kwala pego go bega se se diragalang. Ba se bega
jaaka se ntse ba sa tsenye maikutlo a bone kana ba sa supe matlhakore a
bone.
Sebopego/tebego ya yone e tshwana le tsa dipego tse dingwe kwa ntleng ga e
e fang bosupi fela pharologanyo e mo puong fela.
Sekai
O mokwaledi wa PTA mo Sekolong sa Lekhubu. O ne o tseneletse phuthego
ya batsadi le barutabana e go neng go buiwa ka melawana e mesa e e tlileng
go tsamaisa sekolo se. Kwala pego ka se.
Melao e meša mo Sekolong sa Lekhubu
E rile ferikgong a le malatsi a le mabedi monongwaga mo mosong ka nako ya
borobabobedi ga bo go na le phuthego ya batsadi le barutabana mo sekolong
sa Lekhubu. Phuthego e, e ne e tsenwe ke batsadi, barutabana le baithuti ba
ba eteletseng pele ba bangwe. Moono mogolo wa phuthego e e ne e le go
buisana ka melawana e meša e tla dirisiwang mo sekolong sa Lekhubu.
Mo phuthegong e, go ne ga dumelanwa gore baithuti ba tshwanetse go apara
kapari ya sekolo ka nako tsotlhe e feletse. Go ne gape ga buiwa gore ba ba sa
apareng kapari ya sekolo sentle ba tla tseelwa dikgato tse di gagametseng. Se
sengwe gape se se neng sa dumelanwa ke gore baithuti botlhe ba tshwanetse
go duela madi a PTA pele ba simolola dithuto tsa bone. Mo meriring go ne ga
dumelanwa gore baithuti ba loga ka meriri ya bone, ba ka dirisa ulu ga ba
letlelesege go tsenya meriri e sele mo ditlhogong tsa bone. Baithuti ba
basimane bone ba letlelelwa go ntsha moriri otlhe kana go o sadisa o le
monnye thata. Ga go na go nna le ope yo o nnang le seriri mo sekolong. E ntse
e le mo meriring, go dumalanwe gore e kamiwa ka tsela e e siameng, ga go
bulwe ditsela mo meriring. Go ne ga gatelelwa thata mo go reng baithuti ga ba
letlelelwe go tla ka mogala wa letheka kana sepe sa tlhwatlhwa mo sekolong.
Phuthego e ne ya khutlisiwa ke modulasetilo wa PTA ka go leboga batho go bo
ba ne ba tlile phuthegong e a bo a lebogela le seabe sa bone mo melawaneng
e e dumalanweng. O ne a garela ka go rotloetsa botsamaise ba sekolo go
tlhomamisa gore tsotlhe tse di dumelanweng di a diragadiwa.
Phuthego e ne ya tswalwa ka thapelo ke Moruti T. Thape
Pego ka Thato Tumisana (Mokwaledi, PTA)
69 Ikatise
(O mongwe wa baithuti ba ba neng ba le mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo fa
Lesedi a thuba letlhabaphefo la ntlwana eo. Kwalela mogokgo pego ka
tiragalo e o dirisa mafoko a a sa feteng 200.)
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Ikatiso
Ka mafoko a a sa feteng 200, kwalela mogokgo pego o le moeteledipele
wa setlhopha wa mmino wa Setswana.
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PEGO E E SENG YA SEMMUSO
Pego e ke pego ya bobega dikgang
Mo pegong e, mmui o sosologile go dirisa puo jaaka a batla. O kgona go
latlhela metlae ka o tshwanetse go ngoka batho go natefelela ke se a bua ka
ga sone. Mmegi o kgona go tsaya letlhakore le gone go supa maikutlo a gagwe
mo go se a buang ka ga sone. Mmegi o kgona go bega ka tiragalo e a e
boneng le e a sa e bonang tota. O kgona go dirisa mafoko a magatwe ga
mmogo le dikakanyetso tsa gagwe.
72 Sekai
Gantsi fa o reeditse bagasi ba kgwele ya dinao ba bega se se diragalang mo
lebaleng, o kgona go lemoga gore ba mo letlhakoreng lefe ka tiriso ya puo ya
bone. Ga ba bege se se diragalang jaaka se ntse. Ba kgona go bua ba kgala
setlhopha sengwe kana ka fa ba buang ka teng o utlwa gore ba rotloetsa
setlhopha sengwe.
Sekai
(O mmegadikgang wa pampiri ya Popota kwa pego ka tiragalo e go
fitlhetsweng monna a akgega mo setlhareng)
Monna o akgega mo setlhareng
Pego ka Kesego Moseki
E rile kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola gangwe mo maitseboa ka nako ya bosupa kwa
Dilori ga fitlhelwa monna akgega mo setlhareng sa motlopi se se neng se le
dikhilomithara tse di masome a mabedi go tswa fa a nnang teng mo kgotleng
ya Mmadio. Monna yo, o dingwaga tse di fare ga masome a mabedi le
botlhano le masome a mararo.
Monna yo go bolelwa fa a ne a tlhoka kutlwisano le mokapelo wa gagwe mme
a emelela a ya maitisong. Ba ba mmoneng kwa maitisong ba re o ne a le
bodutu e se Zara yo ba mo itseng. Ba bolelela fa e ne e le motho yo o ratang
go bina thata mme letsatsi leo a bolaisa balatedi ba gagwe bodutu ka a ne a le
bodutu. Ga twe o ne a tshabelelwa ke go nna a le nosi le go goga motsoko
kgapetsakgapetsa. Mo potsolotsong le ba pampiri ya Popota, Okhabe, e bong
mokapelo wa gagwe o boletse fa ene a kgaogane le ene morago ga go tlhoka
kutlwisisano e a neng a e kaya e se ya sepe fela.
Rre yo, yo o tumileng ka leina la Zara o bonwe ke mosimanyana akgega mo
setlhareng. Go begwa fa Mosimane yo o ne a kua mokgosi mme ba sepodise
ba begelwa ka tiragalo e. Mmele wa moswi o kwa setsidifatsing fa basepodise
ba sa ntse ba tsweletse ka ditlhotlhomiso. E rile a akgela mogolwane wa
sepodise mo kgaolong a kopa batho go emisa ditiro tsa mothale o, ka di ama
setšhaba fela thata. o ne a garela ka gore fa batho ba na le mathata, a ba kope
thuso ba letlanngwe.
Ikatiso
(O mmega dikgang wa pampiri ya Batsibose. Kwala pego ka tiragalo e
motshameki a neng a tlhokafalela mo lebaleng fa setlhopha sa Dipitse se
kopane le sa Dinare.)
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Puo ya pego
Mo dipegong tsotlhe ka go farologana ga tsone, puo e e dirisiwang e
tshwanetse go tsamaelana le se go begwang ka sone gape e tshwanetse go
nyalana le mofuta wa pego. Puo
gape e tshwanetse go nna e e
tlhaloganngwang ke mongwe le mongwe.
Tshoboko ka pego
•
•
Kwala se o se itemogetseng ka pego.
Ke eng se se tshwanang mo dipegong?
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Dipego tsotlhe di na le tse di latelang:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Setlhogo
Leina la mmegi
Letsatsi la ditiragalo
Lefelo la ditiragalo
Nako ya ditiragalo
Baamegi mo tiragalong
Tiragalo e e diragetseng
76 Moalo o o latelang o garela thuto ya pego
Dipego
Setlhogo
Matseno
Mmele
Bokhutlo
Ya semmuso(e
e fang bosupi)
• Se nna seleejana
• Se tsenya moono
wa kgang
• Se tsenya lefoko
bosupi
Leinaka
botlalo,bong.dingwaga,
aterese(kwa a nnang
teng.
• Kalo ya dintlha
• bua fela ka se o se boneng.
• A bosupi bo senoge ka botlalo.
• Puo e nne e e tlhwaafetseng
• Mafoko a tsamaelane le mofuta
wa pego
Ke gone gotlhe mo ke
go boneng.
Se nna seleejana
Nako, letsatsi,
kgwedi,ngwaga,tiragalo,
lefelo,baamegi
Kalo ya dintlha
Tshoboko ya dintlha
Puo e e tlhwaafetseng
Ditshwetso tse di
tserweng
Ya semmuso e
e sa feng
bosupi
Ya bobega
dikgang
Se tsenya moono wa
kgang
• Se nna
sekhutshwane
• Se nna le sediri
kana sedirwa
• Se nne le
kgogedi
• Se nne le moono
Nako,letsatsi,kgwedi,
ngwaga lefelo
Nako letsatsi,
kgwedi,ngwaga,tiragalo,
lefelo le baamegi
77 Mafoko a tsamaelane le mofuta wa
pego
Kalo ya dintlha
Go a kgonagala gore mmegi a utlwe
ka magatwe ke sone se mmegi a ka
dirisang mafoko a tshwana gatwe…
go bolelwa… go ya ka mmoni wa
tiragalo…..
Setlanyo
Letsatsi/ kgwedi/ngwaga
Tse di tshwanetsweng
go dirwa
Mmegi o ka soboka
kgang, o ka senola
maikutlo a gagwe
E ka garelwa ke
mongwe wa maemo
mangwe
KGAOLO 5
TEKO-TLHALOGANYO
Mo pampiring ya bobedi o botswa dikarolo di le tharo. Karolo ya ntlha ke dipotso tsa
Teko- tlhaloganyo, mme o solofelwa go di araba tsotlhe. Dipotso tse di tswa mo
polelong/ polelwaneng e o e fiwang gore o e bale, o bo o e tlhaloganye. Dipotso tse
di ikaegile ka kitso ya gago ya dikarolo tsa puo. Mo kgaolong e moithuti re tsile go
leka go go bula matlho ka se o tshwhanetseng go se itse ka ga tekotlhaloganyo.
Teko Tlhaloganyo
Dipotso tsa teko tlhaloganyo, jaaka leina le bolela, di go lekola gore a o tlhalogantse
polelwana e o a bong o e filwe gore o e bale ka kelotlhoko o tle o arabe dipotso tse
di tswang mo go yone. Dingwe tsa dipotso tse di akarediwang mo karolong e, ke:
•
Dikarolo tsa puo: bokao, tiriso le tlhaloso ya tsone.
•
Seele sa tlhogo le diele tsa tlaleletso
•
Dintlha tsa botlhokwa le dintlhana
•
Makaelagongwe, madumelagongwe, makwalelagongwe, maganetsi
•
Gore a mokwadi o sekametse ntlheng nngwe kana letlhakoreng lengwe
•
Gore a mokwadi o tsamaya a ikganetsa
•
Gore mokwadi o batla go ruta mmadi eng ka polelwana ya gagwe
•
Gore maikutlo a mokwadi ke eng ka polelwana ya gagwe.
•
Gore a mokwadi o dirisa puo ee siameng kgotsa ee fatlhang
TEKO TLHALOGANYO
Ditlhatlhobo tsotlhe tsa Setswana di na le teko tlhaloganyo. Leina le, tekotlhaloganyo le a itlhalosa, utlwa gore la reng: moithuti o lekwa gore o tlhalogantse
palo kgotsa temana e a e filweng.
Ela tlhoko gore ditaelo di a re (bala palo ee latelang mme morago a arabe dipotso
go tswa mo go yone), e seng jaaka baithuti ba dira. Ba na le go itirela phoso e tona
ka go sianela go araba dipotso ba sa bala temana, ba sa e tlhaloganya, ba sa itse
gore tota tota e bua ka ga eng. Motho o ralatsa matlho mo palong a bo e bile a
simolola go araba dipotso. Seo ke go ithala ka thipa mpeng ka gore moithuti o tla bo
78 a itsietsa tota, a araba fela a sa itse gore o beile mo go eng ka a sa balela palo go e
tlhaloganya.
Mo palong e o e filweng, o solofelwa go itemogela dintlha dingwe di tshwana le:
•
Seele sa tlhogo
•
Diele tsa tlaleletso
•
Ntlhakgolo
•
Molaetsa
•
Maikaelelo a mokwadi
•
bokao jwa dikarolo tsa puo
•
Tiriso ya dikarolo tsa puo
•
Tlhaloso ya dikarolo tsa puo
Dintlha tse o ka di itemogela fela fa o badile ebile o tlhalogantse palo.
A re ikgakolole moithuti:
Molaetsa: Se ke thuto e mokwadi a batlang go e amogana le mmadi le ka fa e
amanang le botshelo ka teng.
Seele sa tlhogo: Seele sa tlhogo ke seele se rweleng bokao jwa temana. Gantsi
ke sone se simololang temana. Ke sone se diele tse dingwe di agelelwang mo go
sone. Seele sa tlhogo se inolwa fela jaaka se ntse mo temaneng. Ga se fokodiwe e
bile ga se okediwe.
Maikaelelo a mokwadi:
mangwe. E ka nna a go:
•
•
•
•
Mokwadi mongwe le mongwe o kwala ka maikaelelo
Go kgala
Go tlhagisa
Go rotloetsa
Go gakolola, jalojalo.
Fa mokwadi a kgala, o a bo a sa rate kana a sa dumelane le seemo sengwe, kgotsa
tsamaiso nngwe. Sekai: mokwadi o ka kgala ka fa ditlhopho di tsamaisiwang ka
teng, kgotsa o ka kgala kapari ya sesha.
Fa mokwadi a rotloetsa, o a bo a dumelana ebile a rata gore batho ba bone mosola
wa seemo e bile a rotloetsa gore ba tsene mo moonong wa sone.
79 Fa mokwadi a tlhagisa, o a bo a supa bodiphatsa jwa sengwe, mme a raya gore a
tsiboge, a ele bodiba jo tlhoko ka bo jele ngwana wa ga mmaagwe, e se re gongwe
le ene jwa tloga ja mo ja.
Ntlhakgolo: Ke ntlha ee rweleng mogopolo wa konokono wa se go buiwang ka
sone. (main point) Ntlhakgolo ga e tshwane le seele sa tlhogo, Yone moithuti o e
kwala ka mafoko a gagwe ka gore e soboka se temana e se buang. Ga e manololwe
fela jaaka mokwadi a e kwadile.
Tlhaloso ya dikarolo tsa puo: Moithuti, fa o tlhalosa ka fa dikarolo tse tsa puo go
ya ka fa di dirisitsweng ka teng eseng ka fa o di tlwaetseng di dirisiwa ka teng, kana
ka fa o itseng di dirisiwa ka teng.
Bokao jwa dikarolo tsa puo: Bokao jwa dikaralo tsa puo go tewa o bolela se se
tewang kana se se supiwang ke karolo eo ya puo. Ga e reye gore o tlhalose ka fa
mafoko a dirisitsweng ka teng mo palong. O tla lemoga gore karolo eo ya puo fa e ka
ntshiwa mo seeleng, bokao jwa seele bo latlhega jotlhe.
Tiriso ya dikarolo tsa puo: Karolo nngwe le nngwe e na le tiriso mo seeleng.
Dikai
•
Lediri le dirisiwa go bolela tiro: Molwetse o ja motogo
•
Tlhaodi e dirisiwa go tlhaola: Ngwana wa bone o dingalo.
•
Lekopanyi le dirisiwa go kopanya: ke tla batla dinawa e seng bogobe.
•
Lelatlhelwa le dirisiwa go tsibosa. Owaii! o paletswe gotlhelele.
•
Leina le ka dirisiwa jaaka sediri kgotsa sedirwa: Monna o remakaka ditlhare
Makwalelagongwe: Ke mafoko a a kwalwang ka go tshwana mme a raya dilo tse di
sa tshwaneng. Makwalelagongwe gape ga a buiwe ka go tshwana. Fa a dirisitswe
mo mokwalong, go a itlhalosa gore ga a reye selo se le sengwe. Go a supega gore
ga a reye selo se le sengwe. Ga goDinony ke go nna le ketsaetsego.
Sekai 1
/nama/
•
•
Ga ke je nama ya kgomo, e a ntwatsa.
Ke rata go nama maoto fa ke ikutlwa ke lapile.
Ga go na ketsaetsego fa gore nama ofe o raya eng. Nnyaa, /nama/ wa ntlha ke wa
sejo fa yo mongwe a raya go thapolola maoto.
Sekai 2
/mabele/
•
•
Dinonyane di jele mabele otlhe. (sejo)
Mabele a kgomo ee dusang a matona. (karolo ya mmele)
80 Madumelagongwe: Madumelagongwe ke mafoko a a kwalwang ka go tshwana, a
bidiwa ka go tshwana mme a sa reye selo se le sengwe.
A dumela gongwe mme ga a kaele gongwe. Le one jaaka makwalelagongwe, fa a
dirisitswe mo seeleng, bokao jwa one bo senoga sentle fela ntle le ketsaetsego epe.
Sekai; / Madi/
•
•
Ga ke na madi a go golola dilwana tsame kwa lebentleleng.
Bapalami ba bone dikgobalo tse di masisi, dintho tsa bone di tshologa madi a
mantsi tota.
Lefoko / madi/ le raya se se rekang (money) fa lefoko / madi/ (blood) le raya seeledi
se se mo mmeleng, a kwalwa go tshwana, a bitswa go tshwana mme a raya dilo tse
pedi tse di farologaneng.
•
Makaelagongwe
Ke mafoko a a rayang selo se le sengwe. Ga a kwalwe ka go tshwana mme fela a
raya selo se le sengwe.
Dikai:
Mmidi—bangwe ba o bitsa mmopo
Seswaa--- bangwe ba se bitsa tshwaiwa kgotsa loswao
Maganetsi: Leganetsi ke lefoko le le fang bokao jo bo ganetsang se se tewang ke
le lengwe
Sekai 1: Bua
Leganetsi la lefoko / bua ke / didimala/
Sekai 2: Tsoga
Leganetsi la lefoko /tsoga/ ke robala.
Go ikganetsa ga mokwadi. Fa gongwe mokwadi o kgona go palelwa ke go
tsepama mo go se a se buang mme a ikganetse a ntse a tsweletse le palo ya
gagwe. O tlamega go bala ka leitlho le le tseneletseng, moithuti, gore o lemoge selo
seo fa se le teng mme o kgone o arabe potso fa e go botsa gore a mokwadi o eta a
ikganetsa kana jang mo palong ya gagwe.
Makopanyi. Makopanyi ke mafoko a a dirisiwang go tshwaraganya dikarolo tse
dingwe sa puo. Lekopanyi le kgona go tla kwa tshimologong ya seele, fa gare ga
seele kana kwa bofelong jwa seele. Fa gongwe fa lekopanyi le tla fa gare ga seele,
maikaelelo e a bo e le go itsa go simolola seele se se ša nako le nako fa mokwadi
kana mmui a batla go tla ka mogopolo o moša mo go se a ntseng a bua ka ga sone
Mo ditekong tsa Setswana, moithuti o a bo a tlholwa kana a lekolwa gore a o kgona
go itsenyetsa makopanyi fa go tlhokafalang teng mo seeleng.
Se se raya gore go botlhokwa gore moithuti a bo a itse e bile a tlhaloganya
makopanyi le ka fa a dirisiwang ka teng gale le gale mo puong ya Setswana ya ka
metlha.
81 Dikai:
Ba phaketse gore ba tshabe letsatsi.
Monna wa gagwe o senatla e bile o maitseo.
Kooteng- lekopanyi le le dirisiwa go abelela, go akanyetsa. Le ka emelwa ke
mafoko a a reng (ke belaela gore) kgotsa (fa ke lebile jaana)
O jele mo go maswe, kooteng o ne a bolailwe ke tlala.
Ga ke di bone, kooteng o di fitlhile kgakala.
E rile
E rile ba re ba a sia, a ba tswapinya ka seme.
Kante
O ne a ithaya a re o a ntsietsa kante se setse ke mo lemogile.
82 KGAOLO 6
TSHOBOKO
Karolo ya bobedi ke ya Tshoboko. Potso e, e tswa mo polelwaneng eo, e o e
filweng, e o e dirisang go araba dipotso tsa karolo ya ntlha.
Go soboka go tewa o kwala ka bokhutshwane se o se badileng se ne se kwadilwe
ka boleele. Tshoboko e kwalwa ka mafoko a gago ka jaana o solofelwa gore o bo o
badile e bile o tlhalogantse palo.
Go e kwala ka bokhutshwane e a bo e le go tsaya dintlha tsa botlhokwa fela, o sa
latlhe molaetsa wa palo. Fa go na le mafoko a puisano (direct speech), mo
tshobokong a a fetolwa go nna a pego (reported speech).
Sengwe sa botlhokwa ke gore ka gore tshoboko ke mokwalo fela o mokhutshwane,
o e bileng o lekanyeditswe palo ya mafoko, e nna temana fela e le nngwe, eseng go
feta foo.
Moithuti, fa e le gore mo polelong, go na le dikai, mo tshobokong o a di tlogela ka o a
bo o ganeletse mo dintlheng tsa botlhokwa fela. Thanolo ke go emisetsa mafoko ka
a mangwe a puo e sele. Ka jalo o tshwanetse go bala seele sotlhe o utlwe molaetsa
wa sone gore o bo o kgona go kwala ka puo e o ranolelang mo go yone.
•
•
•
Go na le mafoko a a sa ranolweng jaaka HIV/AIDS, maina a batho, a mafelo
jalo jalo.
Go ranolwa molaetsa, e seng lefoko ka lefoko.
Setswana se phefofatsa puo, ga se tshwane le sekgowa
Dikai
a)
His father is dead.
Ka Setswana ga e nne: Rraagwe o sule, go a twe (Rraagwe o tlhokafetse)
b)
Her mother is lying – ka Setswana fa e le mogolo ga go twe o a aka, mme go a
twe (Mmagwe ga a bolelele ruri)
Ikatiso
Mo ikatisong e moithuti re tsile go go tsamaisa tshipidi go go bontsha gore
dintlha tsa tekotlhaloganyo tse re sa tswang go bua ka tsone sentlentle go
tewa eng. Bala palo e e latelang ka kelotlhoko. Fa go tlhokafala o e boelele go
re o tle o tlhaloganye fa o supediwa.
PITSA E KOBA BANNA
1.
Mokgosi wa tswa o phunyeletsa mo sekgweng jaaka mosi wa diphikwe. E rile
ba ntse ba kailakaila mo sekgweng, thaka e kgweba e latile moretlwa, ba bona
masaitseweng, bana ba gasama, ba ithaga marago.Ba utlwiwa ke Ramodisa
ka a ne a phokisa dikgomo go sa le mo mosong, a di phuaganya gone foo, a ya
kwa bana ba kuang teng. A tloga a kubakuba namane e tona, a eta a tsaya
83 mosepele go hubisa mangole aa koafaditsweng ke baesekele. O fetile mogobe
a gagametse a bo a ya go tlola letsibogo la ga Ramogapi, a tlhwaile tsebe go
ya kwa kgolotshwane e utlwalang teng. Fa a lebile fa leretlwa le kitlaneng teng,
a kopana le bana ba ga Gagoumakwe ba kua mo e ka reng ba tla kgaoga
malengwana. Ba bua ba rototse matlhonyana, melomo e bebenya, ba re ba
bone selo se sentsho se tshikinyega mo sekgweng. A ba eteletsa pele gore ba
mmontshe fa ba se boneng teng, a feta a ba tlogela sebakanyana gaufi le fa ba
supang teng, a ya ka bogolwane, a leba, a se ka a bona sepe.
2.
Ya ne ekete o tla itsapa, a akanya gore a kgotsa bana ba ne ba tshosana fela.
Fa a re matlho ntloga, a gadima mo tshutlhankgeng ya fa leretlwana le
tshwaraganang teng le letlhakola, a filthela pitsa e tona ee apayang mogetlo e
ribegilwe foo. Ya tshikinyega. A akabala go se nene, a ipotsa gore a selo se
botubi kana eng. Ya ipoeletsa, ya swaela ka fa mojeng. Monna a tswa jaaka
lerumo la tlhobolo, a re semene mpona, a rata go bolawa ke setšhwe.
3.
Bana ba ga Gagoumakwe ba mmona, ba mo tshela mokgosi, ene a gopola
gore ke pitsa e mo lelekile, a itoma sankatlhe, motho wa Modimo, a feta a
thubagana ka mpa ya sebete.... ke tsena kwa Gangwaketse ka matlhatso ke
batla bakereki ba go nwela mo Mmakgodumo ka Paseka. Ka šadikanya matlho
foo, ka ba tlhoka, ka tsena ka tlhola bo rakgadi, tota ke batla motlhala wa bone,
ke gone fa ke tla fitlhelang ba tshwere ya matlhotlhapelo.
4.
Magodu a ne a diretse mongwe ntshenatshe, a kana ke yone ya motse wa
Pharing? Ija, mma ke go lome tsebe, mme e seka ya kgaoga. Gatwe ba tsene
kwa ga, hee! Leina la teng le a bo le tla nkgakelang ne ruri ke re ke go tseela
kgang? Mme bo rakgadi ba ne ba le peteketsa jaana, leina tlhe ke le, le a relela
le. Ehee! mme gone fa ke gopola sentle, o ka re ba ne ba re kwa ga
Ramotedima, kgotsa Raletobana, fela ga ke tshware sentle. Ba fitlhetse ene
ka sebele, ba se ka ba mo sisimoga bohumi. Fa a re thaa! Ke fa ba setse ba
mo tshwere, mongwe a mo thuba ka letswele fa gare ga magetla, a se ka a re
ka moso, a ba neela sekgwama se tletse madi.
5.
Tota ka a ne a ba neetse madi, ene ba mo isa kae? Batho ke ba ga ba na pelo
e le ruri. Ba mmofa matlho ka letsela le le ntsho. Ke bao! Ba dikologa motse
otlhe wa Kanye ka ene, maikaelelo e le go mo tsietsa gore a tseye gore ba ile
golo go se fa ka ene. Motho wa Modimo o ne a gopola gore ba setse ba fetile
le Motlhalawakgomo kana ba lebile ntlha ya Ramatlabama. Dilo tseo tsa go
swa ruri! Morago ba leba ga Mosopa, ba feta ba fetela ntlha ya masimo a
Sebotseng. Kana yone pitsa ba e tsaya kae, ga o ka ke wa ba wa itse. Ba mo
gogoulela mo koloing, ba tsena mo sekgweng ka ene.
6.
Mosimane a mo tsepa ka setlhako mo dikgopong, a kabana mowa, a
phutlhamela fa fatshe. A tshogile motho wa Modimo, a kopa tshwarelo ya
molato o a sa o dirang, e bile a ba bolelela gore go na le madi a mangwe a ba
a tlogetseng kwa ntlong. “Khubama!”, A khubama jaaka ngwana a rapela.
Basimane ba le babedi ba tla ka poto ba mo khurumetsa ka yone.
84 ‘Monnamogolo”, a araba ka lentswe le le sesame. “Golo fa re go beile gaufi le
sediba, fa o ka itshikhinya, ke- di -bonwa ke wena, o tla wela mo teng”. Ba mo
tlogela, ba inaya naga ka sekgwama sa madi.
7.
Ramodisa a tloga a fodisa setšhwe, a ya go kua mokgosi, tota
monnnamogolo wa Modimo ene o ne a re ke diphera, ditlhoka baalafi. Banna
go ne ga tswa Moemedi, Sephekolo le Kereyemang, ba patilwe ke segopa sa
badisa. Basadi ba tla ba ba tsere ka motlhala, batho ke ba ga ba ke ba batla go
fetwa ke magang. Moemedi a phatlalatsa tidimalo ya banna ba ba neng ba
tlhomagane jaaka dikgomo di ya mogobeng ‘a wa re o tla o lelekilwe ke pitsa
ne Ramodisa? Badisa ba ingata ka ditshego mme ba iphitlha “E ka tswa e le
sepoko, letsibogo lele le a poka, ga lo itse ne banna, gongwe se gaketse, se
poka le motshegare”, mongwe a akgela.
8.
A se ka a ba araba ka a ne a lapile thata. Ba ema sekgalanyana sa go tlhaetsa
matlho le fa sekhing. Ramodisa a ba bontsha fa poto e leng teng, ba ya teng ba
nanabela, Moemedi a le kwa pele. Fa ba le gaufi, poto ya tshikhinyega. Hee!
Banna ba tlola matlere, ba boa ka morago. Badisa ba ya go bitsa dintša, ba tla
ka melamu. Ba ipoa kgatsu, ka nako e, moraka otlhe o bo o phuthagane, bana
le bomme ba emetse kgakala, Moemedi a tla gape le lekoko la gagwe, a ema
kgakajana. Modisa wa ga Phiri a nanabela, a betsa pitsa ka thobane, a tloge a
tshabele kwa morago. Ya kgarakgatshega poto, basadi ba kua ba le fale. ‘E
betse, e betse, golo moo ke diphera!” Modisa wa ga Ranko a sela letlapa, a e
photha, ya tsena bogale, ya kgarakgatshega. Kgantele Moemedi a emisa
basimane. Ga bo ga sala go rile tuu! A kua ka lentswe le le mašetla “A o
motho?’Lentswe la tla le tsewa ke phefo, “Ee!”. A botsa gape, “O mang?’. Yo o
mo pitseng a araba, “Ke Ramotedima”. Moemedi a gatelela lentswe “Wa re
Ramotedima?’ Wa poto a re “Ee”. Moemedi a sikara thobane, a tloga a re
“Ramotedima wa kae?’. Monna wa pitsa a araba a re, “Kwa Kanye” Moemedi
ke go itshwara dinoka, a tlhaeletsa gape, “Jaanong o batla eng mo potong?”
Yole a araba o ka re o tla lela, “Ke tsentswe ke batho.” Moemedi a tshikhinya
tlhogo a tloga a re “batho bomang?’ Letswe le le sesame la tswa mo potong le
re “ga ke ba itse”. Moemedi a ipotsa gore a o a bo a ka tla go neelelwa diphera,
a botsa gape, “ba ne ba go tsenyetsang mo potong?” Monna wa poto a araba
ka gore “ke magodu”.
9.
Moemedi le lekoko ba atamela, fa ba tshwara pitsa, monna a kua. “Lo
ntshwareng sentle, tlhe bathong, ke tla a wela mo sedibeng.”. Banna ba nyema
mooko., ba gakgamala. Moemedi a botsa, “ntse he monna wa re o mang?”
Monna a re “ke Ramotedima” Moemedi a botsa ka bogale, “jaanong wa re
sediba se kae?” Monna yo o mo pitseng ya mogetlo a araba ka gore, “ke raya
se se fa thoko se, banna ba ba neng ba ntsenya mo ba rile ke se ka ka
itshikhinya, ke tla wela mo sedibeng.” Moemedi a tshegela mo dikgopong, a
tloga a re,” batho bao ba ne ba bua diphirimisi fela, ga go na sediba fa.”
85 10. Banna ba bangwe ba atamela, ba mo swaswampolola mo pitseng, maoto a le
botlhoko ke go konega bosigo jotlhe. Ba ya kwa ditlaaganeng ka ene.
Mosimane wa ga Moemedi a feta a mo gamela maši, ba tloga ba golega ditonki
ba mo lebisa ga Maila go bolela. Babusi ba pitsa le bone ba e busa ka
kgakgamalo le tshisibalo e kgolo.
Potso 1
Molaetsa wa palo e ke eng? Potso e, e batla o bua gore mokwadi o batla
mmadi a ithuta eng ka polelo e.
Karabo e ka nna gore:
•
•
•
Magodu a setlhogo
Magodu a a sotla.
Magodu ga a pelotlhomogi.
Potso 2.
Senola maikaelelo a mokwadi wa polelo e.
Ela tlhoko: Mokwadi mongwe le mongwe o kwala ka maikaelelo mangwe. E ka
nna a go:
•
•
•
•
Go kgala
Go tlhagisa
Go rotloetsa
Go gakolola, jalojalo.
Karabo
Maikaelelo a mokwadi ke go tlhagisa.
Ela tlhoko
Maikaelelo a mokwadi ga a nne kgakala le molaetsa oo senolwang ke palo. Ke
di ja mmogo.
Fa o bona, mokwadi wa palo e, o tlhagisa mmadi eng? Dirisa lebaka le o le
tsayang mo palong o bo o nopole se se ka nonotshang kana sa rurifatsa
karabo ya gago.
Karabo
Magodu e rile ba se na go mo thukutha, ga bo go ntse go sa ba kgotsofatsa.
Ba thatafatsa dipelo tsa bone. “Mongwe a mo tsepa ka setlhako mo dikgopong,
a kabana mowa, a phutlhamela fa fatshe” Morago ba mo ribegetsa ka poto ba
bo ba mo tlhagisa kgatlhanong le go itshikinya ka o ka tloga a wela mo
sedibeng se ba neng ba re ba mo tlogela gaufi le sone. Bosetlhogo jwa ga
diabole e le ruri.
86 Potso 3
Inola seele sa tlhogo mo temaneng ya ntlha.
Ela tlhoko
Seele sa tlhogo se inolwa fela jaaka se ntse mo temaneng. Ga se fokodiwe
ebile ga se okediwe.
Karabo
Mokgosi wa tswa o phunyeletsa mo sekhing jaaka mosi wa diphikwe.
Potso 4
Bolela ntlhakgolo ya temana ya ntlha
Ela tlhoko
Ntlhakgolo ga e tshwane le seele sa tlhogo. Ga e manololwe fela jaaka
mokwadi a e kwadile. Yone moithuti o e kwala ka mafoko a gagwe ka gore e
soboka se temana e se buang.
Karabo
Masaitseweng a a bonweng ke bana a selo se se ntsho se se neng se
tshikinyega se bakile letshogo le poifo e e seng kana ka sepe mo go bone.
Potso 5
Tlhalosa dielana tse di ntshofaditsweng go ya jaaka di dirisitswe mo palong:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Ba ithaga marago
Go hubisa mangole
A re semene mpona.
Ba mo tshela mokgosi
Go bua diphirimisi.
Ela tlhoko
O seka wa lotolotsa karabo ya gago, ebile o laolwe ke gore dielana tse di
dirisitswe jang, eseng gore o di itse di raya eng ka metlha.
DIKARABO
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Go ithaga marago
Go taboga ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo thata.
Go hubisa mangole
Go itapolosa
A re semene mpona
Go iphalotsa ka go sia ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo
Ba mo tshela mokgosi
Ba mo kuakuetsa
Go bua diphirimisi
Go bua dilo di sele fela tse di senang mosola, tse di sa utlwaleng.
87 Potso 6
A o bona go na le fa mokwadi wa palo e, a etang a ikganetsa teng?
Ela tlhoko
Fa gongwe mokwadi o kgona go palelwa ke go tsepama mo go se a se buang
mme a ikganetse a ntse a tsweletse le palo ya gagwe. Seo se raya gore o bale,
o balele go tlhaoganya, e seng jalo go kgona go nna thata go lemoga fa
mokwadi a ikganetsa golo gongwe mo palong ya gagwe.
Karabo
Nnyaa, ga go na fa mokwadi a kileng a itebala teng. O tsepame mo go se a
batlang go tlhagisa mmadi ka sone, e leng bosetlhogo jwa magodu.
Potso 7
Bolela bokao jwa dikarolo tsa puo tse di ntshofaditsweng:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mo gogoulela mo koloing
Segopa sa badisa.
Ba nanabela
Ba tshegela mo dikgopong.
Ramodisa a tloga a kgwa setšhwe
Ela tlhoko
Potso e ga e re o tlhalose ka fa mafoko a dirisitsweng ka teng mo palong, mme
ya re o bolele se se tewang kana se se ka supiwang ke mafoko ao. Fa lefoko la
go nna jalo le ntshiwa mo seeleng, bokao bo a senyega.
SEKAI: Mo e ka reng ba tla kgaoga malengwana—mafoko a , a dirisitswe go
gatelela ka fa bana ba neng ba goa ka teng. Ba ne ba goa thata thata, ba goela
kwa godimodimo, ke ka jalo mokwadi a kayang ka gore e ne e kete ba tla
kgaoga malengwana ka go goa mo go kalokalo.
Dikarabo
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Go gogoulela mo koloing- go kaya bosetlhogo le bobelompe jwa magodu.
Segopa sa badisa—palo e ntsintsi.
Ba nanabela—ba ne ba tletse ka poifo e ntsi.
Ba tshegela mo dikgopong—tlotlo mo mogolong
Ramodisa a tloga a kgwa setshwe- go kaya gore o ne a lapile phetelela.
Potso 8
A go na le fa mokwadi a dirisitseng puo ee fatlhang mo palong ya gagwe? O
ntshe mabaka a karabo ya gago.
88 Ela tlhoko
Setswana ke puo e e botho. Batswana le bone ba dumela mo go diriseng puo e
e nolofaditsweng, e e sa tlhabeng maikutlo a mmadi kana moreetsi. Ga se
tlwaelo gore mokwadi o ka kwalela Batswana a dirisa mafoko a a seng maleba,
a a sa phefofadiwang.
Potso 9
Bolela gore mafoko a a latelang ke dikarolo di fe tsa puo.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Wa diphikwe (temana 1)
Mo tshutlhankgeng (temana 2)
Diretse (temana 4)
Mo koloing (Temana 5)
Jaanong (Temana 8)
Dikarabo
a)
Wa diphikwe- tlhaodi
b)
Mo tshutlhankgeng --- letlhalosi
c)
Diretse—leina
d)
Mo koloing – tlhalosi
e)
Jaanong---lekopanyi
Potso 10
Inola sediri le sedirwa mo seeleng se: Magodu a diretse mongwe
ntshenatshe.
Ela tlhoko
Lediri ke lefoko le le supang se se dirang tiro mo seeleng, fa sedirwa sone e le
se tiro e dirwang mo go sone.
Sekai: Kana motho yo Lorato o ja bogobe ka tsela e nngwe e e makatsang.
Sediri ke Lorato ka ke ene a dirang tiro ya go ja fa bogobe e le sedirwa ka ke
jone bo gasulakwang ke Lorato.
KARABO
Sediri—Magodu
Sedirwa—Mongwe
Potso 11
Bolela tiriso ya dikarolo tsa puo tse di ntshofaditsweng.
89 A se ka a araba ka a ne a lapile thata. Ba ema sekgalanyana sa go tlhaetsa
matlho, le fa sekhing. Ramodisa a ba bontsha fa poto e leng teng, ba ya teng
ba nanabela, Moemedi a le kwa pele. Fa ba le gaufi, poto ya tshikinyega.
Hee! Banna ba tlola matlere, ba boa ka morago. Badisa ba ya go bitsa dintša.
Ela tlhoko
Go botlhokwa gore, gore potso e e nne bonolo mo go wena, o thwanetse go
itse le go tlhaloganya dikarolo tsa puo ka botlalo ka gore karalo ya puo nngwe
le nngwe e na le tiriso ya yone mo seeleng.
Karabo
Thata
Fa sekhing
Ramodisa
nanabela
ya tshikinyega
Tlhalosi
Tlhalosi
Leina
Lediri
Tiri
Go tlhalosa
Go tlhalosa
Sediri
Go tlhalosa
Go bolela tiro
Potso 12.
Dirisa lekwalelwagongwe la lefoko le le kgwaretsweng mo seeleng se o se
filweng fa tlase.
A kua ka lentswe le le mašetla.
Ke dumela fa o santse o gakologelwa gore makwalelagongwe ke eng, moithuti.
Karabo
Ngwana yo o pelo e thata, o tikile yo mongwe ka lentswe le le tona a bo a mo
gobatsa mo tlhogong
Potso 13
Dirisa ledumelagongwe la lefoko le le kgwaretsweng mo seeleng se se fa tlase.
Babusi ba pitsa le bone ba e isitse ka kgakgamalo le tshisibalo e kgolo.
Ela tlhoko
Madumelagongwe le fa a kwalwa ka go tshwana ebile a bidiwa ka go tshwana
,ga a reye selo se le sengwe.
90 Karabo
Go ikwadisetsa ditlhopho go a thusa ka go fa motho sebaka le tshwanelo ya go
itlhophela babusi ba a ba batlang.
Potso 14
Bolela leganetsi la lefoko le le ntshofaditsweng mo seeleng se se fa tlase:
Ke tsentswe ke batho
Ela tlhoko
Leganetsi le bokao jo bo ganetsang se se tewang ke le lengwe.
Karabo
Ke ntshitswe ke batho.
Potso 15
Bolela lekaelagongwe la lefoko le le ntshofaditsweng mo seeleng se se fa
tlase.
[Fa a re matlho ntloga, a fitlhela pitsa e tona e e apayang mogetlo.]
Karabo
Fa a re matlho ntloga, a fitlhela poto e tona fela e e apayang mogetlo.
Potso 16
O bona ntlhakgolo ya temana ya botlhano e le eng?
Gakologelwa: Ntlhakgolo ke yone e rweleng se temana yotlhe e buang ka ga
sone, e soboka temana. Ela tlhoko gore ntlhakgolo o e kwala ka mafoko a
gago, e seng go e manolola jaaka e ntse.
Karabo
Magodu a, a ne a le bosetlhogo mo go feteletseng, ba se na bobelotlhomogi le
fa e le mo go kananyana mo mogolong.
Potso 17
Morago ga go bala palo e, o akanya gore motho yo o nnang a le nosi, o ka
tsaya kgato efe go itshireletsa? Ke eng o rialo?
Go gateletswe thata botlhokwa jwa go bala palo o bo o e tlhaloganya pele o
araba dipotso. Gantsi fa potso e, e bodiwa, go a bo go na le moanelwa
mongwe mo palong yo go a bong go itebagantswe le ene. Nako e nngwe e a
bo e se moanelwa, mme e le tiragalo kana boitsholo bongwe go tlholwa gore a
o ithutile sengwe mo go jone. Mo temaneng e, go supilwe fa Ramotedima a ne
a nna a le esi kana a fitlhetsweng ke magodu a le esi mo lwapeng mme
jaanong go botswa gore motho yoo ratang go nna a le esi, kana yo o akanyang
91 go nna a le esi o ka tswelela a dira jalo fa o lebeletse se se diragaletseng
Ramotedima? Karolo ya ntlha ya potso e batla maikutlo, fa ya bobedi e batla o
boela kwa temaneng o ya go inola kgotsa go nopola tiragalo e e dirang gore o
arabe jaaka o arabile.
Karabo
a)
b)
O ka akanya go boela morago kakanyo eo mme a dire gore a nne a na le
batho ba bangwe gongwe le gongwe fa a leng teng.
Go borai thata go nna motho a le nosi ka gore Ramotedima o fitlhetswe
ke magodu a le nosi, mme ba itirela go rata le go kgona ka ene go se na
ope yo o neng a ka mo thusa kana go mo kuela.
Potso 18
Tsenya lekopanyi le le lebaneng mo diphatlheng tse o di tlogeletsweng: /jaaka/
kana/ /mo eketeng/ jalo / jaana /
Ela tlhoko
Lekopanyi le kgona go tla kwa tshimologong ya seele, fa gare ga seele kana
kwa bofelong jwa seele
Bana ba ga Gaoumakwe ba kile ba goa _____________ba latlhetswe mo
magaleng a mahibidu. Ba galaotega_______________go fitlhela mokgosi o
thuba mo ditsebeng tsa ga Ramodisa. _______________ ba ne ba bone
diphera motshegare tsatsi le penne. Ramodisa le ene o ne a tshoga
fela______________bone. A phunya phefo monnamogolo, maikaelelo e le go
ya go bitsa batho gore batle ba mo lebise kgang eo. Morafe o omoga,
__________________o re o ya go bona sepoko sa motshegare se se
kobakobileng Ramodisa.
Dikarabo
Bana ba ga Gaoumakwe ba kile ba goa
mo eketeng ba latlhetswe mo
magaleng a mahibidu. Ba galaotega jalo go fitlhela mokgosi o thuba mo
ditsebeng tsa ga Ramodisa. Kana ba ne ba bone diphera motshegare tsatsi le
penne.
Ramodisa le ene o ne a tshoga fela jaaka bone. A phunya phefo
monnamogolo, maikaelelo e le go ya go bitsa batho gore batle ba mo lebise
kgang eo. Morafe o omoga, jaana o re o ya go bona sepoko sa motshegare se
se kobakobileng Ramodisa.
92 Ikatiso 1
Ke dumela gore mo temaneng ya ntlha o bone gore dipotso di bodiwa
jang e bile potso fa e bodiwa sentlesentle go a bo go batliwa eng.
Jaanong ikatise mo ditekotlhaloganyong tse pedi tse di latelang. O se ka
wa itlhaganelela go ya go kopa dikarabo kwa bofelong. Fa o ka dira jalo
go itsietsa wena.
Bala palo ee latelang mme morago o arabe dipotso tse di tswang mo go
yone.
TLHOKOMELANG DINTŠA
1.
Go ne go le moso, serame o ka re ke gone se gakologang. Nkuku a bo a
biditse monnawe gore ba tle go bua le nkgonne. “A wa re o ya sekoleng
kwa Lontone?” Rapula a botsa. Nkgonne a araba ka go kutumisa tlhogo.
“O mo diketong, ga e ka ke ya re o bona gore batho ba ba maswe jang,
wena o bo o re o ya sekolong kwa Lontone, ba ka go phatlakanya ka
sefofane, nna ga ke batle go loiwa rra,” a ipoeletsa. Kabelo a sunetsa,
kgantele keledi ya rothela fa fatshe, “Tota ke eng re sa mo lese a
tsamaya, re tla re o ile go disa kwa Kgalagadi”, mosadimogolo a botsa.
2.
E rile kgang e sa ntse e ile magoletsa jalo, ka tsosa tlhogo ka nwa pilisi ya
ntlha, fa ke re ke baya tlhogo, lentswe la utlwala kgakajana. Ka tsosa
tlhogo ka nwa molemo, ya ne e kete ga ke utlwe sentle. Fa ke re ke
reetsa ka tlhwaafalo, setlhabi sa ntsepa fa gare ga magetla sa bo sa
fologa le mokwatla, sa feta sa ikgara mo nokeng, tlhogo ya wela fa fatshe,
ka bo ka palelwa ke go nwa lebotlolo le lengwe la molemo. Ka tloga ka
itseneka. Hee! ke ratile go swa.... lentswe le mogwanto wa motsamao tsa
atamela.
3.
“A mekgau eo ya lona le e golegile?’, ka reetsa ka tlhwaafalo. “Golegang
mekgau eo, ke tsile go le tlhola, e tloga e ntoma,” lentswe la utlwala e le la
ga Otlaadisa, “tota o a bo a ya kae, motho yo o modumo yo, kana o ya go
nkokeletsa ditlhabi” Semetšhe ya ne e kete e mo utlwile, ya ema ka dinao,
o ka re e itse bokao jwa mafoko a a neng a tla le phefo.
4.
A tla jalo ka mekgosi ya gagwe, a a ne a tlhabeletsa pina, go besa ga
gagwe o ka re ga motho a kgobola mogošane. “Tota o a bo a kgotshe eng
Otlaadisa fa a re tena jaana?’” Mosadimogolo a botsa. Ya re a lebile
mojako, a goa, “monna Kabelo, gatwe o ya sekolong kwa Lontone?” Fa
Kabelo a sa ntse a re o a araba, Mosadimogolo a rata go ja Otlaadisa nko
e sa butswa. “E le gore ao o a tsaya kae, motho yo o ya go disa kwa
Kgalagadi, tseo tsa dikole ga ke itse gore wena o kopana natso kae.”
Otlaadisa ya ne e kete ga a mo utlwa, a itlhokomolosa kgang eo.
“Jaanong yo o robetseng yo ene ke mang?”, a botsa. “Ke Mothusi, ga a
tsoga,” mosadimogolo a araba.
93 5.
A tsamaela ntlheng yame... fa a re o nna mo setilong, a kopana le lerwa le
fuduga. Ya inaakanya le ene. Fa a re o le botsa phokoje, phathaphatha
ya rolega, a sia ka e le nngwe, a dikologa ntlo. Fa e re e mo kapa leoto, a
tlolela kwa godimo mosimane yo moleele, ya mo fosa, ya sala ka
phathaphatha e nngwe. Ba kobakobana. Mosadimogolo o kile a re koo
“fotseke Semetšhe”, ya gana go utlwa. Bananyana ba sekole ba ema fa
tseleng ba ingatile ka ditshego. Fa a re o tlola terata, ya mo tshwara ka
leoto la borokgwe, Ya mo ngaparela, ene a itshwarelela ka terata.
Semetšhe ya se ka ya ineela, kgabagare a sitlhamologela fa fatshe. A
galaotega jaaka podi e tlhabiwa. O kile a re “ntle, ntle!’, Ya gana go mo
tlogela. Kgabagare lepai la borokgwe la somoga, Semetšhe ya sia ka
lone.
6.
Fa e le Otlaadisa ene, a sala a le šeleng. Go mo tsere metsotsonyana go
lemoga gore dikoko di ja momela. Fa e ne e se ka bananyana ba sekole o
ka bo a sa lemoga sepe. Šee! A motho yo Otlaadisa ene ga a itse gore go
na le borokgwe jwa ka ko teng? Nnyaa, a sala a le mošampa. Semetšhe
ya lemoga fa e tshotse lepai la borokgwe jwa motho yo. Ya mo
kgwelogela, a tlola terata, a le botsa phokoje. Semetšhe ya namalala le
terata, ya mo tshela lešalaba., a kgopiwa, a sitlhamologela fa fatshe gape.
7.
Kgabiso a bo a ne a tswa go tlhapa moriri. Ka nako eo, o ne a le mo
phaposing ya gagwe a ikama. Seipone e le se setona. A a ne a o busetsa
ka fa, kgantele a o phetsola. Tota o ka se itse gore a re o batla o reng.
Mosese o ne o le mo bolaong, e le gore fa a fetsa, ke gone a tla a bong a
o latlhela. Ka nako eo, o ne a sa ntse a ipela ka bothakga jwa mmopi. A
gakgamadiwa ke go bona monna a le mošampa a gatlhamela mo ntlong
ka lobelo lo lo kalo. A se ka a re ka moso, a le botsa phokoje, a tlhaba
mokgosi. ‘Ijoo! ijoo! sebeteledi. Ijoo! ijoo! sebeteledi”. Ba gana baagisanyi
gore a ba ka lesa ngwetsi ya bone e dirwa jalo. Ba omoga ka dibetsa
tsotlhe tse o ka di akanyang. Ya re fa ba kokoane fa pele ga ntlo jalo, ke
gone mmagwe Mmantsho a tla. “Heelang! ha re motho yo ke Otlaadisa, o
ratile go bolawa ke ntša. O tla jaana a sia, a iphalotsa. “Ka nnete ba mo
ntsha mo ntlong. Kgabiso a mo okega ka borokgwe jwa ga rraabo. A itse
go wela tsela.
Potso 1
Inola seele sa tlhogo mo temaneng ya ntlha. [1]
Potso 2
Ntlhakgolo ya temana ya ntlha ke efe? [1]
Potso 3
Mo temaneng ya bobedi, inola dikaralo tsa puo tse di latelang: [5]
a)
b)
c)
d)
Leina
Tlhaodi
Sediri
Letlhalosi
94 e)
Lekopanyi
Potso 4
Tlhalosa mafoko a a ntshofaditsweng go ya ka fa a dirisitsweng ka teng [5]
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mosadimogolo a rata go mo ja nko e sa butswa.
Fela fa a re o nna mo setilong, a kopana le lerwa le fuduga.
Fa a re o le botsa phokoje, phathaphatha ya rolega.
Otlaadisa a sala a le moshampa
Semetshe ya mo tshela leshalaba, a kgopiwa, a sitlhamologela fa fatshe
Potso 5
A go na le fa mokwadi a etlang a ikganetsa mo palong ya gagwe? [1]
Potso 6
Bolela lekaelagongwe la lefoko le le kgwaretsweng mo seeleng se o se filweng
fa tlase [1]
Otlaadisa a galaotega jaaka podi e tlhabiwa.
Potso 7
O ka re lekwalelagongwe la lefoko le le kgwaretsweng mo seeleng se se fa
tlase ke eng? [1]
Semetshe ya mo tshela leshalaba.
Potso 8
Fa leganetsi la lefoko le le ntshofaditsweng mo seeleng se:
Motho yo o modumo yo, o ya go nkokeletsa ditlhabi.
Potso 9
Mokwadi o ne a batla go ruta mmadi eng ka palo e? [1]
Ntsha mabaka [1]
Potso 10
Tsenya makopanyi a a lebaneng mo seeleng se se latelang.
___________ go mo tsere metsotsonyana go lemoga gore dikoko di ja
momela____________fa e ne e se ka bananyana ba sekole o ka bo a sa
lemoga sepe. [2]
95 Potso 11
Bolela bokao jwa mafoko aa filthelwang mo temana 5 aa latelang:
a)
b)
Kgabagare a sitlhamologela fa fatshe [1]
A galaotega jaaka podi e tlhabiwa
[1]
Potso 12
a)
b)
Go ya ka wena, a mokwadi o dirisitse puo ee fatlhang kana nnyaa? [1].
Ke eng o rialo? [1]
Potso 13
a)
b)
Motho yo o ntseng a sa tshabe dintša, o akanya gore o ka dira eng fa a ka
bala temana e? [1]
Ke eng o rialo? [1]
Potso 14
Bolela gore mafoko a a ntshofaditsweng a dirisitswe jang? [4]
a)
b)
c)
d)
Mosadimogolo a rata go ja Otlaadisa nko e sa butswa.
A gakgamadiwa ke go bona monna a ntse mošampa a gatlhamela mo
ntlong.
Ka reetsa ka tlhwaafalo
Kgabiso a mo okega ka borokgwe jwa ga rraabo.
Potso 15
Soboka palo e o e filweng fa godimo ka mafoko a a sa feteng 150 [10]
Potso 16
Ranolela palo ee latelang kwa Setswaneng [10]
Lorato is a grown up woman now. She lost both her legs due to a car accident
she was involved in when she was still very young. Despite her condition, she
successfully completed her schooling due to the help she received from her
friends, her teachers and mainly from her parents. Others regarded her as a
headache who should not be in school and consequently they ignored her. She
also ignored them and focused on her education. She was determined to prove
that being disabled was not going to stop her from working hard. She passed
with flying colours. She now goes around the country motivating the
discouraged and the helpless, teaching them that with determination, everyone
can achieve their goals. There is no need to feel pity for oneself when you face
challenges such as hers, but rise and find means of helping yourself live a
meaningful and happy life.
( E itlhametswe)
96 Ikatiso 2
Ikatiso e nngwe ke e moithuti nna o ntse o itlhokotse. Bala palo ee
latelang, mme morago o arabe dipotso tse di e latelang:
Motswedi wa Phatsimo
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ao! Phatsi” ga utlwala lentswe la ga Gaotlhobogwe ka boitumelo a bona
ntsalae wa lekgarebe a feta ka tselana e tshesane fa gare ga bone.
Phatsimo yo e neng e le gone a gorogang mo Maunatlala go tswa
Gaborone, a ikatumetsa fa legoreng go mo itekodisa. Gaotlhobogwe ga a
ka a itsapa go bolelela Phatsimo se a reng ke bokgoba jwa tiro ya go
belegela mosadi wa lepodise ngwana mo Maunatlala.
“Ka re ke duelwa lemme fela mme ke tshwara mamina le makaka. Go
apaya nna, fa e le boatla jwa ba bagolwane bana jone ga ke bue”. Ya ne
ekete Gaotlhobogwe o begela mmueledi wa tsa melao. “Tswa tlhe o
phatsime jaaka nna Phatsimo. Gaborone o tshwere gotlhe.” Phatsimo a
ikgantshetsa ntsalae. O ne a mo itsise fa botshelo jwa toropokgolo
Gaborone bo sa rone ope mosadi fa fela a phatsima.
Ee! Kana bontsi jwa bone ba go jela nala teng bo ne bo sa tshwane le
maloba fa bo tswa magaeng. Go ne go phatsimiwa fela jaaka mosenene o
ntshitse moitlobo. Metsi a letamo la Gaborone a ba dumetse ka go ba
setlhafatsa sekgoanyana. Bangwe ba ne ba sa a kgotsofalele, ke ka moo
ba neng ba fetola letlalo la bone go nna lebota la botaki le botshwantshi.
“Fa o na le maikaelelo o ka se sokole go bona letseno le le botoka kwa.
Mosadi! O tla ja mmu fa o sa tlhwaafalele go batla mafulo a matala.”
Phatsimo a bolelela Gaotlhobogwe se a reng ke go tsoga maroko.
Fa go sa ntse go tlotliwa jalo rraGaotlhobogwe a bula mojako wa ntlo a
hupile segotlhola. O ba tsipile ka matlho ga ngwefela a bo a setse a
sosopantse phatla, leswe la go hupiwa ke mogolo la kgwiwa.
RraGaotlhobogwe o ne a sale a lemogilwe ke morwadie gore ga a rata
bokopano joo, ke fa basetsana ba katogana pele ga tshukudu e ba tshela
dithole. Taelano ya bobedi jo ya nna gone go tsholeletsana diatla fela.
“MmaGao, o a bo a simolotse morwadio ka go sala salana morago le
Phatsimo, ” RraGaotlhobogwe a bolelela mogatse, jaanong a setse a
boetse mo ntlong. “Waitse fa e le yo ngwana o re fetotse batlhami ba pina
ya malatsi otlhe.Gao! Gao!”,MmaGao a gowa go bitsa morwadie. Ka
mosetsana a ne a itse gore o biletswa kgalemo, a tla a goga dinao a
ipaakanyetsa go tlhama polelo ya gore o ne a tšhotlha eng le ntsalae.“
Ngwanaka, tota o tla re utlwa leng fa re go bolelela fa Phatsimo e le
mosetsana yo o sa iketlang?” MmaGaotlhobogwe a botsa morwadie.
Kana batsadi ba ga Gao ba sa le ba lekile go kgaoganya motho le
ntsalae ngogola morago ga go ultwa ka bangwe fa motswedi wa botshelo
jwa go phatsima ga ga Phatsimo e le o o itshekileng ka leswe. Mmoni wa
tsotlhe a ba boleletse gore Phatsimo o fetotse banna motswedi wa
dikatso. Botsadi jo le jone bo kile jwa leka go itsise jone jwa ga Phatsimo,
ka tsa podi ya tsela mme ba swaba nko go feta molomo fa ba
bolelelwa gore ba lefufa mo kgarebeng. Ba teilwe fela gotwe “Ee!, a kere
wa lona wa palelwa! Tswang tlhe mo go Phatsimo.” Fa e sale ka nako e,
botsadi joo ga bo sa buisana. “O ne a mpolela fela gore go bapaditswe
97 ditiro di le mmalwa kwa Gaborone, nna e bile ke batla go ya go iteka
lesego.” Gaotlhobogwe a bolelela batsadi a sa ba kope.
6.
Mo bekeng e e latelang, batsadi ba go ithaya ba re ngwana o ne a le mo
tshamekong ba lemotshiwa fela ke go phirima fela ga letsatsi a sa
iponagatse gore o kgokologetse Gaborone. Phatsimo ene o ne a na le
rrenyana wa gagwe fa botala jwa mosokelatsebeng wa gagwe bo
benyabenya. Fa a leba molaetsa ga supega o le wa tshoganyetso. “Tla o
ntseye, ke fa Borakanelo.” Phatsimo a tenega ka go bo ntsalae o ne a mo
kgoreletsa go itewa ke phefo le Atamo. “ Hei, e a bo e le mmadirabanyana
Gao. Tota mosetsana yo, o ntshaletseng morago? Le gone, a ntsaana o
ne a tiisitse fa a re o batla go tla Gaborone? Ke mathata!” ga bua
Phatsimo. Phatsimo o boleletse motho wa gagwe fa ene a tlotletse
Gaotlhobogwe ka tsa Gaborone a ithaya a re motho o tla iphataphatela fa
a ka goroga mo Gaborone. Mo pelong Phatsimo a itlama fa a tla a tsenya
ngwana wa batho mo dijong. Ga duwa mmogo ka koloi le Atamo go ya go
tsaya Gao.
7.
Mo mosong Phatsimo a bo a sa le a feditse go tlhapa e bile a eme sentle,
fa Gao ene a saletse kwa morago. Ka Phatsimo o ne a le sealogane sa
bontle, o ne a tshwanelwa ke go bo simolodisa mo go setlabosane. Gao a
bolelelwa fa go ya go tlholwa rre Orlando ka tsa patlo ya tiro. E rile Gao a
fetsa go tlhapa, a itshasa mafura a gagwe a tlwaelo, Phatsimo a mo re
pha! ka legofi mo lerameng.
8.
“Mma, jaanong o mpeletsang?”. “Leba seipone ngwanyana, Phatsimo a
araba ka tšhakgalo. Gao a iteba, ga senoga bosweusweu mo marameng
a gagwe. “ Ee! Ke ne ke go fa, rethefatsa marama ao ka bopi joo”.
Phatsimo a fa ntsalae ditaelo tsa go intlafatsa. Ba dule foo Gao a
adimilwe mosesenyana o o neng o mo gagamaditse dirope. Ditlhako o ne
a rwesitswe tse di tlhabang lefatshe ka motsu wa segai kwa seretheng.
9.
Ka maswabi, basetsanyana ba fitlhela kolotsanyana ya legodimo e sa
ntse e ikganeletse kwa diofising tse di kwa godimodimo, ba tshwanelwa
ke go latela Orlando ka dinao.” Gao! Gao! Nna ke tla go tlhoboga. Mmago
o go biditse Gaotlhobogwe a lebile eng tota? Phatsimo a bua a garumela
ntsalae yo o neng a ikgoga se -ka -letagwa. Fa a tla go wetsa dikgato tsa
bodilo jwa matlhatlaganyane gone, motsu wa setlhako wa kumuga, a
utlwa mmele o repa. Go ne go setse fela gore a re po! Jaanong ka
Modimo a sa je nkabo , Mosetsana wa legae, a itshwarelela ka
setlhatshana sa ditsebe tsa tlou go itsa kgobalo. “Heela mma! O re
senyetsa mokgabisa tlhe!” ga kgalema mokwaledi wa kompone ya
Brighton. Bomme ba ba foo ba tshega sa go itaana ka diatla, ditshebo ya
nna gore “Mmangwane`ago, a le mmone?”Phatsi a goga Gao go tsena
mo ofising ya ga Orlando.
10. O, le gorogile?” kodu ya ga Orlando ya rora, pelo ya mogoma e tletse ka
boitumelo. “Ee! Ke rona ba. Mosetsana ke ene yo.” Phatsimo a araba
rafifing wa gagwe wa pele. “Gao, fa o ka nna bogoma mo mohiring yo, ke
tla go tlogela gone fa. O ka boela tlaleng ya Maunatlala ka dinao, ga ke re
o a itse gore ga o na madi?” Phatsimo a se ka a mo lobela. E rile a se na
go ba itsesanye, a ba sutela mo ofising a ya go letela ntsalae kwa
boamogelong jwa baeng. “ Ao, babe! Ke tla go papamaletsa fela, nna o
fokisa mosese pele fa ke go fa mmereko wa go nna morongwa wa
poso ya rona. A o a nkutlwa?’. Ngwana wa batho a ikutlwa a roroma mo a
98 neng a roromisa le bodilo ka maoto jaaka ba borankana. Kwa
boamogelong jwa baeng, o fitlhetse Phatsimo a seyo ka a ne a sa bolo go
benyabenyediwa melaetsa ya gore mosetsana o bodipa. Gao a tlhola a
sailasaila le toropo a sa tlhole a itse kwa a neng a go tswa le Phatsimo.
11. Morago ga go nna lobaka ka fa tlase ga moriti wa setlhare, Gao o ne a
itshelelwwa ke rre wa mofeti- ka tsela. Rre yo wa go mo tshepisa fa a ka
latsang tlhogo teng, le ene ga a ise a ke batle go fetwa ke bontle a bo
lebile jaana. Gao wa Modimo, o tseneletswe ke motho bosigo a robetse
morago ga go mo godumisa se a teilweng gatwe ke molemo oo
lapolosang mmele kante ke jaaka a mo robatsa kgaa tshoo! E rile a
thanya mo mosong a fitlhela a sa ikatega mme a tshoga jaaka Efa wa go
ikgabetsa ka matlhare. Rre Obi wa go ikadima Gao ka dikobo, a
mmolelela fa a letile kgwedi go fela gore a tle a mo fe madi a sepalamo go
boela gae. Kae? Dikgwedi di ne tsa ba tsa nna tlhano, Gao a ntse a le fa
ga Obi. O golotswe fela fa modiradilo Obi a setse a lemoga gore
mmenyana o morwalo. “Tsaya o boele ga lona. Ga ke go batle fa.” Obi a
fa Gao lekgolonyana la dipula. Gao yo batsadi ba gagwe ba neng ba sa
mo tlhoboga a boela gae.
12. O fitlhetse batsadi ba gagwe ba kopanetse moriti jaaka ekete ba
dupeletse fa a tla a goroga. Mosetsana a iphara fa go mmaagwe mo
phateng, le eseng ka madume. RraGaotlhobogwe e rile go bona ngwana
wa gagwe, a suma go golola mowa wa khupelo mme morago a mo raya a
re.” ngwanaka, ngwana yo o o sa utlweng molao wa batsadi o utlwa wa
manong”. Boikotlhao jwa ga Gao jwa itshupa fela ka go tlhapa sefatlhego
ka dikeledi.
13.
Fa e le mma Gao ene e rile go bona dikeledi tsa morwadie, tsa gagwe le tsone
tsa elela, a o tlhoka a ntse a o rwele.
( E tsewa mo Kutlwano ya Phatwe 2014)
Potso 1
Maikutlo a mokwadi yo ke eng? Fa mabaka a karabo ya gago? [2]
Potso 2
Molaetsa wa polelo e ke eng? [1]
Potso 3
A o bona mokwadi a sekametse mo letlhakoreng lengwe? Itlhalose [1]
Potso 4
Kwala leganetsi la lefoko le le kgwaretsweng mo seeleng se se fa tlase go tswa
mo temana 4.
Basetsana ba katogana pele tshukudu e ba tshela dithole [1]
99 Potso 5
Tlhalosa dielana tse di ntshofaditsweng, jaaka di dirisitswe mo palong ( 5)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Go utlwa tsa podi ya tsela
Ba swaba nko go feta molomo
O tla ja mmu fa o sa ikaelele go batla mafulo a matalana
Nna o fokisa mosese pele ke go fa tiro
A o tlhoka a ntse a o rwele.
Potso 6
Kwala lekaelagongwe la lefoko rafifing. [1
Potso 7
Bolela tiriso ya dikarolo tsa puo tse di kgwaretsweng. [5]
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
E tshesane
Nna
Ee!
Mo bekeng
Benyabenya
Potso 8
O bona monana yo o kwa magaeng yoo eletsang go tla go batla tiro mo
Gaborone a ka dira eng fa a sena go bala Polelo e? Ntsha mabaka a gago. [2]
Potso 9
A mokwadi o phefofaditse puo ya gagwe kana go na le fa a fatlhang mmadi
teng? [2]
Potso 10
A go na le fa mokwadi a etang a ikganetsa teng? [2]
Potso 11
Mafoko a a latelang ke dikarolo dife tsa puo? [2]
a)
b)
oo itshekileng
iphataphatela
Potso 12
Thito kgang ya temana 12 ke eng? [2]
100 Potso 13
Se mokwadi wa polelo e, a se buang mme a sa se papamatse ke eng? [2]
Potso 14
Dirisa lekopanyi ntsaana mo seeleng. [1]
Potso 15
Soboka palo e o sa tswang go e bala ka mafoko a a fa gare ga 150- 200
101 KGAOLO 7
THANOLO
When the name Gaborone is mentioned, people might think all that is in Gaborone is
glitz and glamour. No, there is nothing like that. The truth is that village life is good,
there is ample to eat, whereas in Gaborone people do starve. When they get to the
village, all they do is pretend, gloat and brag about the fake life they live in town.
When they are in town, they pretend to be inlove with “traditional “delicacies, being
chicken feet, chicken livers and intestines. The truth is, that is all they can afford.
There is always a near stampede at the mobile tuckshops when it is time for tea
break or lunch. People rush there in case the supply runs out before they could get
their day’s share. This is a booming business to some and it is manna that once fell
from Heaven for those that can never dare go near Chicken Licken, Nandos or even
KFC. Dear villager, do not ever be fooled; this fabulous life that they boast about is
all a lie.
(Fictiously written by L.L. Polelo)
THANOLO
Ranolela polelwana e kwa Setswaneng [10]
Borrowing from China does not appear to be a very good deal. It does not support
the Government`s objective of reducing foreign borrowing and increasing domestic
borrowing. It is probably more expensive than borrowing domestically, so it does not
meet governments cost minimisation objectives. Actually it raises the question of
what is the point of having an official debt management strategy if it is going to be
ignored on implementation. Following recent visits by the president to China, it is
reported that the government intends to borrow a significant sum from China. The
loan will be applied to infrastructure development notably the rebuilding of major
roads in the North and East of the country. Economists argue that it is important to
note that the government of Botswana has many more choices with regards to the
financing of infrastructure development than most African governments. Botswana is
therefore not obliged to borrow from China as it could also borrow domestically or
finance investments from its accumulated savings from Bank of Botswana.
(E tsewa mo Botswana Daily Newspaper, November 28, 2018)
Karabo
Go adima kwa China ga go lebege e le mogopolo o montle gotlhelele. Ga go
tsamaelane le maitlamo a puso a go fokotsa go adima kwa mafatsheng a a kwa
moseja le go oketsa go adima monogae. Go ka tswa go le turu go na le go adima
monogae, ka jalo ga go netefatse phokotso ya manokonoko a tiriso ya madi. Tota
ebile go tlisa potso ya gore mosola wa go nna le lenaneo la go fokotsa dikoloto
mme le sa diragadiwe ke eng. Morago ga maeto a ga Tautona kwa China mo
bosheng, go bolelwa fa puso e ikaelela go adima tshebetshebe ya madi kwa China.
Madi a,a tla dirisiwa mo ditlhabolong tsa dikago bogolo jang mo go šafatseng ditsela
tse ditona tsa kwa bokone le botlhaba jwa lefatshe leno.Bo mmantswitswidi mo go
tsa madi ba bua gore puso ya Botswana fa e tshwantshanngwa le mebuso e
102 mengwe ya Aferika, e na le metswedi e mentsi ya go ka bona madi a ditlhabololo tsa
dikago, ka jalo ga e patelesege go adima kwa China ka e ka adima monogae kgotsa
ya dirisa madi a a saleng a nna a bolokiwa kwa Bankeng ya Botswana.
103 KGAOLO 8
TSHOBOKO
PITSA E KOBA BANNA
1.
Mokgosi wa tswa o phunyeletsa mo sekgweng jaaka mosi wa diphikwe. E rile
ba ntse ba kailakaila mo sekgweng, thaka e kgweba e latile moretlwa, ba bona
masaitseweng, bana ba gasama, ba ithaga marago.ba utlwiwa ke Ramodisa ka
a ne a phokisa dikgomo go sa le mo mosong, a di phuaganya gone foo, a ya
kwa bana ba kuang teng. A tloga a kubakuba namane e tona, a eta a tsaya
mosepele go hubisa mangole aa koafaditsweng ke baesekele. O fetile mogobe
a gagametse a bo a ya go tlola letsibogo la ga Ramogapi, a tlhwaile tsebe go
ya kwa kgalatshane e utlwalang teng.Fa a lebile fa leretlwa le kitlaneng teng, a
kopana le bana ba ga Gagoumakwe ba kua mo e ka reng ba tla kgaoga
malengwana.Ba bua ba rototse matlhonyana, melomo e bebenya, ba re ba
bone selo se sentsho se tshikinyega mo sekgweng. A ba eteletsa pele gore ba
mmontshe fa ba se boneng teng,a feta a ba tlogela sebakanyana gaufi le fa ba
supang teng, a ya ka bogolwane, a leba, a se ka a bona sepe.
2.
Ya ne ekete o tla itsapa, a akanya gore a kgotsa bana ba ne ba tshosana fela.
Fa a re matlho ntloga, a gadima mo tshutlhankgeng ya fa leretlwana le
tshwaraganang teng le letlhakola, a filthela pitsa e tona ee apayang mogetlo e
ribegilwe foo. Ya tshikinyega. A akabala go se nene, a ipotsa gore a selo se
botubi kana eng. Ya ipoeletsa, ya swaela ka fa mojeng. Monna a tswa jaaka
lerumo la tlhobolo, a re semeno mpona, a rata go bolawa ke setshwe.
3.
Bana ba ga Gagoumakwe ba mmona, ba mo tshela mokgosi, ene a gopola
gore ke pitsa e mo lelekile, a itoma sankatlhe, motho wa Modimo, a feta a
thubagana ka mpa ya sebete.... ke tsena kwa Gangwaketse ka matlhatso ke
batla bakereki ba go nwela mo Mmakgodumo ka Paseka. Ka shadikanya
matlho foo, ka ba tlhoka, ka tsena ka tlhola bo rakgadi, tota ke batla motlhala
wa bone, ke gone fa ke tla fitlhelang ba tshwere ya matlhotlhapelo.
4.
Magodu a ne a diretse mongwe ntshenatshe, a kana ke yone ya motse wa
Pharing? Ija, mma ke go lome tsebe, mme e seka ya kgaoga. Gatwe ba tsene
kwa ga, hee! Leina la teng le a bo le tla nkgakelang ne ruri ke re ke go tseela
kgang? Mme bo rakgadi ba ne ba le peteketsa jaana, leina tlhe ke le, le a relela
le. Ehee! mme gone fa ke gopola sentle, o ka re ba ne ba re kwa ga
Ramotedima, kgotsa Raletobana, fela ga ke tshware sentle. Ba fitlhetse ene
ka sebele, ba se ka ba mo sisimoga bohumi. Fa a re thaa! Ke fa ba setse ba
mo tshwere, mongwe a mo thuba ka letswele fa gare ga magetla,a se ka a re
ka moso, a ba neela sekgwama se tletse madi.
5.
Tota ka a ne a ba neetse madi, ene ba mo isa kae? Batho ke ba ga ba na pelo
e le ruri. Ba mmofa matlho ka letsela le le ntsho. Ke bao! Ba dikologa motse
otlhe wa Kanye ka ene, maikaelelo e le go mo tsietsa gore a tseye gore ba ile
golo go se fa ka ene. Motho wa Modimo o ne a gopola gore ba setse ba fetile
104 le Motlhalawakgomo kana ba lebile ntlha ya Ramatlabama. Dilo tseo tsa go
swa ruri! Morago ba leba ga Mosopa, ba feta ba fetela ntlha ya masimo a
Sebotseng. Kana yone pitsa ba e tsaya kae, ga o ka ke wa ba wa itse. Ba mo
gogoulela mo koloing, ba tsena mo sekgweng ka ene.
6.
Mosimane a mo tsepa ka setlhako mo dikgopong, a kabana mowa, a
phutlhamela fa fatshe. A tshogile motho wa Modimo, a kopa tshwarelo ya
molato o a sa o dirang, e bile a ba bolelela gore go na le madi a mangwe a ba
a tlogetseng kwa ntlong. “ Khubama!”, A khubama jaaka ngwana a rapela.
Basimane ba le babedi ba tla ka poto ba mo khurumetsa ka yone. ‘
Monnamogolo”, a araba ka lentswe le le sesame. “ Golo fa re go beile gaufi le
sediba, fa o ka itshikhinya, ke- di -bonwa ke wena, o tla wela mo teng”. Ba mo
tlogela, ba inaya naga ka sekgwama sa madi.
7.
Ramodisa a tloga a fodisa setšhwe, a ya go kua mokgosi, tota monnnamogolo
wa Modimo ene o ne a re ke diphera, ditlhoka baalafi. Banna go ne ga tswa
Moemedi, Sephekolo le Kereyemang, ba patilwe ke segopa sa badisa. Basadi
ba tla ba ba tsere ka motlhala, batho ke ba ga ba ke ba batla go fetwa ke
magang. Moemedi a phatlalatsa tidimalo ya banna ba ba neng ba tlhomagane
jaaka dikgomo di ya mogobeng ‘ a wa re o tla o lelekilwe ke pitsa ne
Ramodisa? Badisa ba ingata ka ditshego mme ba iphitlha “ E ka tswa e le
sepoko, letsibogo lele le a poka, ga lo itse ne banna, gongwe se gaketse, se
poka le motshegare”, mongwe a akgela.
8.
A se ka a ba araba ka a ne a lapile thata. Ba ema sekgalanyana sa go tlhaetsa
matlho le fa sekhing. Ramodisa a ba bontsha fa poto e leng teng, ba ya teng ba
nanabela, Moemedi a le kwa pele. Fa ba le gaufi, poto ya tshikhinyega. Hee!
Banna ba tlola matlere, ba boa ka morago. Badisa ba ya go bitsa dintša, ba tla
ka melamu. Ba ipoa kgatsu, ka nako e, moraka otlhe o bo o phuthagane, bana
le bomme ba emetse kgakala, Moemedi a tla gape le lekoko la gagwe, a ema
kgakajana. Modisa wa ga Phiri a nanabela, a betsa pitsa ka thobane, a tloge a
tshabele kwa morago. Ya kgarakgatshega poto, basadi ba kua ba le fale. ‘ E
betse, e betse, golo moo ke diphera!” Modisa wa ga Ranko a sela letlapa, a e
photha, ya tsena bogale, ya kgarakgatshega. Kgantele Moemedi a emisa
basimane. Ga bo ga sala go rile tuu!. A kua ka lentswe le le mashetla “ A o
motho?’Lentswe la tla le tsewa ke phefo, “Ee!” . A botsa gape, “O mang?’. Yo o
mo pitseng a araba, “ Ke Ramotedima”. Moemedi a gatelela lentswe “ Wa re
Ramotedima?’ Wa poto a re “Ee”. Moemedi a sikara thobane, a tloga a re
“Ramotedima wa kae?’. Monna wa pitsa a araba a re , “ Kwa Kanye” Moemedi
ke go itshwara dinoka, a tlhaeletsa gape, “ Jaanong o batla eng mo
potong?”Yole a araba o ka re o tla lela, “Ke tsentswe ke batho.”Moemedi a
tshikhinya tlhogo a tloga a re “batho bomang?’ Letswe le le sesame la tswa mo
potong le re “ga ke ba itse”. Moemedi a ipotsa gore a o a bo a ka tla go
neelelwa diphera, a botsa gape, “ ba ne ba go tsenyetsang mo potong?”Monna
wa poto a araba ka gore “ ke magodu”.
105 9.
Moemedi le lekoko ba atamela, fa ba tshwara pitsa, monna a kua. “ Lo
ntshwareng sentle, tlhe bathong, ke tla a wela mo sedibeng.”. Banna ba nyema
mooko., ba gakgamala. Moemedi a botsa , “ ntse he monna wa re o mang?”
Monna a re “ ke Ramotedima” Moemedi a botsa ka bogale, “jaanong wa re
sediba se kae?” Monna yo o mo pitseng ya mogetlo a araba ka gore, “ ke raya
se se fa thoko se, banna ba ba neng ba ntsenya mo ba rile ke se ka ka
itshikhinya, ke tla wela mo sedibeng.”Moemedi a tshegela mo dikgopong, a
tloga a re ,” batho bao ba ne ba bua diphirimisi fela, ga go na sediba fa.”
10 . Banna ba bangwe ba atamela, ba mo swaswampolola mo pitseng, maoto a le
botlhoko ke go konega bosigo jotlhe. Ba ya kwa ditlaaganeng ka ene.
Mosimane wa ga Moemedi a feta a mo gamela mashi, ba tloga ba golega
ditonki ba mo lebisa ga Maila go bolela. Babusi ba pitsa le bone ba e busa ka
kgakgamalo le tshisibalo e kgolo.
Potso 19
TSHOBOKO
Kwala tshoboko ya palo eo e filweng fa godimo.
Gakologelwa
Fa o soboka, o dirisa mafoko a gago, moithuti.
Karabo
Magodu a tlhasetse Ramotedima mo lwapeng la gagwe, ba mo tseela madi .
Morago ba mo olela ka koloi mme ba ya go mo ribegetsa ka poto ba mo
latlhela mo sekgweng. Bana ba ga Gagoumakwe ba ne ba itshenkela moretlwa
mo sekgweng fa ba tla a re kgatha thuu! le poto eo e e ntse e swailaswaila. Ba
tlhaba mokgosi, mme Ramodisa a ba utlwa. Fa a se na go bona se a neng a
itlhoma e le botubi, a ya go bitsa batho. Ba phuthega mme le bone ba makalela
poto e e itsamaisang, ya ba tsenya poifo e kgolo. Morago ga go omoga ka
dipalo tse di kwa godimo, mongwe a tsenya pelo ya tau, a betsa poto ka logong
mme lentswe la tswa mo teng go supa fa go na le motho mo teng. Ramotedima
e bo e le jaaka a bone thuso. Ba kgona go mo ntsha mo potong eo ba mo isa
gae.
Potso 20
DIKARABO TSA IKATISO 1
Potso 1
O mo diketong, ga e ka ke ya re o bona gore batho ba ba maswe jang, wena o
bo o re o ya sekolong kwa Lontone, ba ka go phatlakanya ka sefofane, nna ga
ke batle go loiwa rra,”
106 Potso 2
Kabelo o batla go ya sekoleng kwa Lontone mme malomaagwe o akanya gore
seo se ka ba biletsa boloi.
Potso 3
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Mokwatla/ tlhogo/ molemo/
Le lengwe
Setlhabi
Mo nokeng
Jalo
Potso 4
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Go garumela motho o mo omanya
A rakana le mathata a a seng kana ka sepe
Go sia ka lobelo lo lo golo.
Otlaadisa a sala a sa apara le fa e le sepe
Go wa mo go botlhoko / go ruthagana fa fatshe
Potso 5
Nnyaa, mokwadi o tsepame fela mo kgannyeng ya gagwe ya bosilo jwa ga
Semetšhe.
Potso 6
Otlaadisa a goa jaaka podi e tlhabiwa
Potso 7
Ba tshela botshelo jo bo makgakgwa batho ba.
Potso 8
Motho yo o modumo yo kana o ya go mphokoletsa ditlhabi
Potso 9
Ke go supa gore ntša e e bosilo e ka direla motho ntshenatshe ya motse wa
pharing fa a se lesego.
Lebaka e nna gore:
Ke mang yoo neng a ka akanya gore Otlaadisa wa Modimo o ka tla go
tlontlololwa ke ntsa mo e ka mo gagolelang diaparo a ba a sala a le šeleng
motshegare tsatsi le penne jalo. E mo sotlakakile, e mo tsentse matlho a batho.
107 Potso 10
Kana go mo tsere metsotsonyana go lemoga gore dikoko di ja momela,
kooteng fa e ne e se ka bananyana ba sekole o ka bo a sa lemoga sepe.
Potso 11
a)
b)
Mafoko a kaya botlhoko jo Otlaadisa a ruthaganeng ka jone fa fatshe.
O ne a utlwa botlhoko jo bo tseneletseng, jo bo senang boitshokelo.
Potso 12
Nnyaa, mokwadi ga go na fa a dirisitseng puo e e fatlhang teng.Le fa mokwadi
a ne a kwala tiragalo ee kgatlhang, e e tshegisang, puo ya gagwe o e tlhophile
sentle ka matsetseleko a itse gore ga a tshwanela go tlhaba mmadi maikutlo ka
go dirisa mafoko a a botlha.
Potso 13
O tsile go netefatsa gore pele a tsena mo lelwapeng le le nang le dintša, a bo a
na le bosupi jwa gore di golegilwe ka gore go tlontlolega ga ga Otlaadisa go ne
go le botlhoko thata ka gore e re le ntswa a kile a umaka gore mekgau e
golegilwe, o ne a tsena fela ka magalamasuke a sa netefatsa gore mme se a
se lopileng se diragaditswe.
Potso 14
Mosadimogolo
Leina le dirisitswe jaaka sediri
Mo ntlong
Letlhalosi le dirisitswe go tlhalosa lefelo
Ka tlhwaafalo
Letlhalosi dirisitswe go tlhalosa mokgwa.
Jwa ga rraabo
E dirisitswe go tlhaola
Potso 15
Otlaadisa o ne a ile go tlhola ba lelwapa la ga mmaagwe Mmantsho. Ka go
tlhoka lesego, e rile go gorogeng koo, ntša ya teng ee bosilo, ya bo e sa
golegiwa. E ne ya mo tlhasela ka bogale, ya mo tsenya ka fa le ka fa mme a
tlhoka monamodi. Ntša e, e ne ya tlontlolola Otlaadisa bosetlhogo tota ka e ne
ya mo kgagolela borokgwe a sala a sa apara le fa e le sepe. Go tsweng foo,
ya itse go mo kobakoba mme a iphalotsa ka go gatlhamela mo ntlong e a
fitlhetseng e sa tswalwa. Mo ntlong go ne go le motho wa mme yo le ene a
neng a sa ikatega ka a ne a tswa go tlhapa, mme go boneng monna a
gatlhamela mo ntlong ya gagwe a sa apara, a goa a kopa thuso mo
baagisanying. Otlaadisa a falotswa tlhaselo ya baagisanyi ke Mmaagwe
Mmantsho yoo gorogileng foo ka nako.
108 Potso 16
Lorato ke mme yo motona jaanong. O ne a latlhegelwa ke maoto oo mabedi ka
ntlha ya kotsi ya koloi a sa le monnyenyane. Le fa seemo sa gagwe se ne se
ntse jalo, o ne a kgona go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya thuso ya ditsala
tsa gagwe, barutabana le batsadi ba gagwe segolobogolo.Bangwe ba ne ba
bona a lapisa fela a sa tshwanela go bo a le mo sekoleng mme ba mo
itlhokomolosa. Le ene o ne a ba tlhokomologa, a itebaganya le dithuto tsa
gagwe. O ne a itomile sekgono go supa gore bogole ja gagwe ga bo ka ke jwa
mo itsa go bereka ka thata. O fentse dithuto tsa gagwe ka maduo a a
kgatlhisang . Mo bojaanong, o tsamaya le lefatshe a kgothatsa ba ba
kgobegileng marapo le ba ba itlhobogileng. O ba ruta gore mongwe le mongwe
fa a a tiisitse, o ka kgona go fitlhelela maikaelelo a gagwe. Ga go tlhokafale
gore motho a nne mo a ikutlwela botlhoko, a itelela, fa a na le dikgwetlho tse di
tshwanang le ya gagwe, mme a emelele, a batle ditsela tsa go ithusa go tshela
botshelo jo bo nang le boleng , bo tletse ka boitumelo.
DIKARABO TSA IKATISO 2
Potso 1
Mokwadi o kgala botshelo jo jwa tiitii pote jwa kwa ditoropong jo batho ba
teng ba se nang le fa e le letswalo fa ba inaakanya le mekgwa ee maswe.
Potso 2
Mokwadi o leka go ruta mmadi gore matshelonyana a ditoropo, bogolo jang
ene Gaborone, ga a iketla le eseng, ke tlhakatlhakano fela.
Potso 3
Ee! Mokwadi o sekametse kwa botshelong jwa selegae kwa go senang
mathaithai a mo toropong a a tlhabisang ditlhong, a go senang molao.
Potso 4
Basetsana ba atamalana pele tshukudu e ba tshela dithole.
Potso 5
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Go utlwa ka magatwe .
Ba tlhabilwe ke ditlhong
O tla sotlega mo go tseneletseng.
O raya gore mosadi o tshwanetse go tlhakanela dikobo le ene pele a ka
mo fa tiro.
O paletswe ke go bua ka a ne a se na le fa e le kgang.
109 Potso 6
Mokapelo
Potso 7
E tshesane
Tlhaodi
E dirisitswe go tlhaola
Nna
leemedi
Le dirisitswe go nna
Ee!
letsibosi
Le dirisitswe go tsibosa
Mo bekeng
Tlhalosi
Le dirisitswe go tlhalosa nako
Benyabenya
Lediri
Le dirisitswe supa tiro
Potso 8
Monana yo, o ka ikakanya pele, a netefatsa sentle gore o tlhaloganya lobelo la
botshelo jwa Gaborone.
Gao kana o tlile fela, a se na le fa e le lesedi la gore tota mo Gaborone go
tshela yoo dithetsenyana, botshelo bo lobelo, batho ga ba ikanyege ebile ba
dirisa ba bangwe ba se na le fa e le letswalo.
Potso 9
Mokwadi go na le fa a sa phefofatseng mafoko teng. Fa a tshwanetse go bua
gore mantle a ngwana , o phantsha fela lefoko le le sa letlelelweng mo
mokwalong.
Potso 10
Nnyaa, mokwadi ga go na fa a etang a ikganetsa teng ka gore o tsepame mo
go se a se amoganang le mmadi. O mo go supeng bodiphatsa jwa go
phasumela botshelo jwa Gaborone ke motho a itswela gae a sa itse gore go
itshetswa ka methale yotlhe e e makatsang, e mengwe e le maswe tota.
Potso 11
a)
b)
oo itshekileng—tlhaodi
iphataphatela--- lediri
Potso 12
Thito kgang ya temana e ke gore motho yoo ganang dikgakolo tota o thanya le
le tsebeng, a setse a le mo mathateng a a seng kana ka sepe.
110 Potso 13
Mokwadi o supa gore botshelo jwa sejwalejwale jwa baša kwa ditoropong, bo
tletse tobekano e e ka tseisang baeng go tswa magaeng mmamadikwadikwane
Potso 14
Ntsaana o feditse dithuto tsa gago, nna ke ntse ke ithaya ke re o sa ntse o
tshwere.
Potso 15
Mosetsana Gaotlhobogwe o ne a jewa ke ntsalae ka loleme a mmolelela ka fa
botshelo jwa Gaborone bo leng bophose ka teng e bile a mo laletsa go ya go
bo itekela. E re ntswa batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba sa batle Phatsimo gope fa
tlase ga morwadiabone ka ba kile ba utlwa fa a le ditiro di maswe golo kwa
Gaborone kwa, Gaotlhobogwe ene a bo a dule pelo, go se na ka poela
morago. Fa batsadi ba sa ntse ba itebetse, Gaotlhobogwe a ngwegela kwa
Gaborone kwa a fitlhileng a pelekanngwa matlho ke tobekano e e koo. Go ne
go se sepe se se boammaruri ka se a se boleletsweng. O kopiwa go reka tiro
ka go tlhakanela dikobo le mohiri. Fa a sa le foo, Phatsimo o a mo nyelelela a
bo a itshelelwa ke monna yo a neng a ithaya a re ke mosamarea. Nnyaya, a
mo itirisetsa bosigo a se na go mo siela motlhakanyo o o bogale oo robatsang.
O tswa go thanya lo le tsebeng a imisitswe ke “mosamarea’ yo o saleng a
mmaya mo ga gagwe dikgwedi tse tlhano ka maitlhomo a go re o sa ntse a mo
senkela madi a a palamang. Go lemogeng gore mosetsana o imile,
“mosamarea” a mo koba, mosetsana a rwala tlhogo, e ka nako eo e neng e
mo imela, a leba gae, a boela maropeng kwa a gorogang fela ka keledi, pelo
e thubilwe ke boikotlhao jwa go sa reetseng batsadi ba gagwe. O utlwile wa
manong ka nnete.
Potso 16
Fa leina Gaborone le umakiwa, batho ba ka akanya gore tse tsotlhe tse di mo
Gaborone ke magasigasi.Nnyaya, ga go a nna jalo. Nnete ke gore botshelo jwa
magae bo siame, bo monate. Dijo ke ntletsentletse,fa mo Gaborone batho ba
bolawa ke tlala. Fa ba goroga kwa magaeng, ba ipaya ba ba botoka, ba
ikgantsha ka botshelo jwa magasigasi jwa maitirelo jwa toropo. Fa ba le mo
toropong, ba itira ba ba ratang dijo tsa Setswana e bong menoto, dibete le
mala a dikoko. Nnete ke gore ke tsone fela tse madi a bone a ka ba
kgontshang go di reka. Go nna go gatanwa kwa go bommaseapei ka nako ya
tee le dijo tsa motshegare, go se na yo o batlang go tlhaelwa ke dijo tsa
letsatsi. Se e a bo e le kgwebo fela e e phophomang go bangwe. Mo go ba
bangwe ke mana ale a a kileng a wa go tswa legodimong ka ba ka seke ba bo
ba tsamaele gope gaufi le Chicken Licken , Nandos le fa e le KFC tota. Wena
motho wetsho wa kwa magaeng, o se ka wa tlhola o tsiediwa ke motho.
Botshelo jwa mabono jo go ikgantshiwang ka jone jo, ke maithamako fela.
111 KGAOLO 9
Tlhamo
Moithuti, kgaolo e, ya buka ya gago ya ikatiso e itebagantse le thuto ya Tlhamo.
Thuto e e akaretsa Padi, Khutshwe/ polelwana, Motshameko le Poko. Tlhatlhobo ya
tlhamo e kgaogantswe ka dikarolo tse tharo. Karolo ya ntlha ke dipotso tsa padi le
motshameko di le nne, mme o solofelwa go araba e le nngwe fela mo go tsone.
Dipotso tse di tswa mo dibukeng tse lo di badileng mo thutong ya lona.
Karolo ya bobedi ke ya Polelo-khutshwe/polelwana. Polelo e, ke e e leng gone lo
kopanang le yone gone mo tlhatlhobong e bile o patelesega go e bala o bo o e
tlhaloganya gone foo. Dipotso tsa karolo e, di pedi, mme o araba e le nngwe.
Dipotso tsa yone di tshwana fela le tsa karolo ya ntlha ka di ikaegile ka kitso ya gago
ya tshekatsheko ya dikwalo.
Karolo ya boraro ke ya Poko. Go ntshiwa leboko le le lengwe o bo o araba potso e le
nngwe mo go tse pedi tse di tswang mo go lone.
Moithuti, a re tsenelele mo thutong e re bone gore e re tsholetse eng.
1.0 Padi, Khutshwe/ Polelwana le Motshameko
1.
Ditiragalo
Thulaganyo ya ditiragalo
1.1 Tsalano ya ditiragalo
1.2 Kgonagalo le Tumelesego
Baanelwa
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.
Seabe sa Baanelwa
Phetogo ya Botho
Maikutlo a Mokwadi
Paka le lefelo
Ipee mo seemong sa moanelwa
Paka le Lefelo la Ditiragalo
Molaetsa
2.0 Poko
1.
Poko
1.1 Molaetsa wa leboko
1.2 Tlhaloso ya leboko
1.3 Maikutlo a Mmoki
Karolo ya Padi, Khutshwe/ Polelwana le Motshameko
Moithuti, karolo ya ntlha le ya bobedi tsa tlhatlhobo ya gago di itebagantse le
padi, khutshwe le motshameko. Gore o kgone go araba dipotso tsa karolo ya
ntlha, o tshwanetse gore o bo o badile dibuka tsa padi tsotlhe tse le di filweng
112 ka e ikaegile ka tsone. Ya bobedi yone, go dirisiwa polelo e o kopanang le yone
gone mo tlhatlhobong. Mme fela jaaka ya ntlha, karolo e o ipaakanyetsa ka go
bala dibuka le go tlhaloganya dintlha tsa tshekatsheko ya padi ka le yone e
ikaegile ka tsone. Ka jalo, moithuti, batla dibuka tsotlhe tse le laetsweng go di
bala ke morutuntshi wa lona, mme o di bale, o bo o di tlhaloganye. O ka
ikopanya le baithuti ka wena la nna le buisana ka tsone morago ga go di bala
gore le tlhaloganye botoka.
Jaaka o setse o bone mo matsenong, mo karolong e ya buka ya rona ya
ikatiso, re ya go itebaganya le dintlha tsa padi le dipotso tsa tsone. Re ya go
bona gore dipotso re ka solofela di fe le gore re ka di araba jang. A re simolole
thuto ya rona ka go bala palo/ khutshwe e e fa tlase e re tlileng go e dirisa go
ikatisa mo thutong ya rona ya padi, khutshwe le motshameko.
Ela tlhoko gore thuto e, e tla go thusa go ipaakanyetsa karolo ya ntlha le ya
bobedi tsa tlhathobo, ka jalo a re lebe pele gore dikarolo tse di tshwana jang
ebile di farologana jang;
Karolo ya ntlha: E ikaegile ka padi, khutshwe kgotsa motshameko tse le di
badileng la bo la di sekaseka le morutabana. E na le dipotso di le nne, mme o
tlhopha e le nngwe fela. Mo karolong e, o rotloediwa go dirisa metsotso e le
masome a mane ya tlhatlhobo.
Karolo ya bobedi: Yone e dirisa polelo e e leng gone o e balang gone mo
tlhatlhobong. O solofelwa go bala polelo e, o bo o e tlhaloganya gone fela foo.
Dipotso tsa karolo e, di tsamaelana le tsa karolo ya ntlha ebile di arabiwa ka go
tshwana. O fiwa dipotso tse pedi, o bo o araba e le nngwe. Karolo e ke yone
e e tsayang nako e ntsi ya tlhatlhobo ka o rotloediwa go dirisa oura le
metsotso e le lesome. Se se dirwa ke gore o tshwanelwa ke go bala polelo
pele o ka araba potso.
A re bale polelo/ khutshwe ke eo moithuti:
E ne e setse e le tlwaelo gore mafelo a beke ka bontsi mosimane Morekisi, yo
o neng a tumile ka la Rex a lale kwa ntlolefitshwaneng. O ne a atisitse go
ikadima megala ya letheka, dikgwama tsa batho le go keteka bana ba bangwe
ba sekolo sa Marang, kwa a neng a tsena teng.
Rex o ne a nna le mmaagwe, Malebogo, mo Gaborone, mo lekeišaneng le le
itsegeng ka Zola. Mmaagwe o ne a eme sentle, e bile a direla Rex sengwe le
sengwe se a se tlhokang gore a kgone go ithuta sentle a tle a nne le
bokamoso jo bo tlhapileng. Ruri pelo go tswa tsa baji! Rraagwe Rex, rre wa
lepodisi la pharakano o sale a mo tshabetse a sa le monnye, mme mme wa
mooki, a ikana gore a ka se palelwe ke morwalo e le wa yone, o tla dira
tsotlhe jaaka mme go ikgodisetsa ngwana wa gagwe. Ka nnete, jaaka mme a
dira fela jalo. Kana motho wa mme le ene fa a re “ke a rata”, o kgona go dira
a buduletse, a sa ele tlhoko gore o tshwanetse go ema fa kae mo ka moso a
thanyang a setse a bo tlhotlha nthoro, …nkwe e e dinala!
113 E ne ya re mo tsamaong ya sebaka, Malebogo fela jaaka mme mongwe le
mongwe, a eletsa go iponela segataborokgwana go mo tlosa bodutu. Thabo
e ne e le morutabana wa sekolo se se botlana gone mo Gaborone. Ba ne ba
kopane mo bokopanong bongwe jwa badirelapuso fa go ne go baakanyediwa
boipuso jo bogolo jwa dingwaga tse di masome matlhano, mme botsalano jwa
bone jwa thaelwa mo moletlong, a ditshegofatso tse dintle motho wetsho! Le
gone jaana ba ntse ba jela mo mogopong o mosweu, ke mme le rre, le fa
Thabo a le mmotlana mo go Malebogo ka dingwaga di ka nna tharo, ee!
Lorato ga se dingwaga, e bile dilo tse dingwaga ke palo fela! E bile gape bo
rre le bone ba tlhola ba feta bomme ba ba ba nyalang ka makgolo a
dingwaga.
Thabo o ne a aga a gakolola Malebogo go elatlhoko ka fa a tsayang Rex ka
teng ka go ka felela go mo sentse go na le go mo aga. Go ne go le bokete mo
go Malebogo go tlhaloganya maranyane a, a sethitšhara. Ke sone se e ne e
tle ere nako tse dingwe a tewe gotwe o nna a bua fela a itebetse a itlhoma a
le kwa ntlong ya borutelo. Rex le ene, go lemoga se, o ne a tsaya “rraagwe”
jaaka sekgoreletsi, ba ne ba nna ka go fapaana ka mafoko fa Thabo a leka go
mo gakolola. O ne a mmona e le tsitsiri fela e e tsileng go mokona madi a ga
mmaagwe. Mme legale, morutabana ene a bo a sa kgobiwe marapo ke se
gotlhelele. A ikaelela go tswelela a thusa mmaabo go godisa ngwana go le
thata le go le monate, motho a swela dikano e le ruri!
Fa maduo a ditlhatlhobo tsa mophato wa boraro di tswa, Rex a tla a dirile
sentle jaaka ba ne ba solofetse. Batsadi ba gagwe ba itumela, ba bona gore e
le ruri Modimo o tla araba dikeletso tsa bone, ba nna le tumelo le tshepho ya
gore go tla ya kwa ba eletsang teng. Rex o ne a dumelelwa kwa sekolong se
segolwane sa Ledumang.
Beke ya ntlha ya dithuto tse di kgolwane e ne e le e e monate thata mo
baithuting. Ba ne ba kopana la ntlha morago ga malatsi a maleele a Botsalo ja
Morena. Dikgang tsa nna mafaratlhatlha, ya nna tsa mesepele e ba neng ba e
tsere, mafelo a a kgatlhisang a ba neng ba a etetse, jalo jalo. Ga nna monate
gape ka ba kopana le batho ba bangwe ba baša, barutabana le baithuti. Ya
nna nako ya go aga botsalano jo boša…. go monate jang!
Barutabana ka go farologana, bone ba bo ba thinkgetse ba gakolola baithuti
ka botlhokwa jwa go dira ka natla. Morutabana Mmamoruti a bo a kgapha
sethitho, a bua le baithuti ka sele le sele. Ntlo lehalahala e ne e tletse e rile
thii! A bua le bone ka lentswe le le molotsana, “bongwanaka! Itseng gore le
tsile fa go ithuta, ke nako ya gore mongwe le mogwe a ipetlele tsela ya ka
moso. Ga go na yo o boledisitseng yo mongwe fa, akere?” a botsa jaana ka
114 bomo a ba tlhomile matlho go netefatsa gore mafoko a gagwe a a nwela. A
tswelela pele, “… le nne kelotlhoko thata gore le itsalanya le bomang, ba ba
ka le isang kae, le itse gore mafoko a e tle a buege go twe ‘ntshupegetsa
ditsala tsa gago, ke tla go tlhalosetsa gore o mang, e bile o motho wa mofuta
ofe…”.
Mmamoruti jaaka a ne a itsege, e ne e le morutabana wa tsa bokaedi le
tshidilo maikutlo, ee! Le seka la nkgolega, ga go na morutabana a senang
leina. Gatwe leina le o le filwe ka a ne a palama serala tsatsi le letsatsi go
rerela baithuti lefoko le le boitshepo go ba tsenya mo tseleng. O ne a ila tlolo
molao lebaibai. Ene tota o tlile sethitšhareng a bidiwa mmaMogotsi.
E rile beke e ise e wele, Rex a bo a setse a iponetse tsala, Potlako go tswa
kwa Phua-lerole, kwa ga Mokgalo, ga se fa Molepolole fa! Bana ba kgwale ba
bitsana ka molodi…
Ga go ise go ye gope, ba bo ba setse ba itsege mo sekoleng. Baela dilo
tlhoko ba re mo nakong e khutshwane e, bobedi jo bo ne bo setse bo itse
kantoro ya ga mothusa mogokgo, tse di fa tlase ba fetile ka tsone tsotlhe.
Barutabana ba kgalema ba bo ba kgalema. Se se utlwisang botlhoko ya bo e
le gore ba dira jaana mme e le baithuti ba ba botlhale. Ba leka ka ditsela
tsotlhe, ya nna matsapa a lefela, ba itaya mpipi yo o sa tsweng lebadi.
Dikgang tsa nna mafaratlhatlha, tsatsi leno…mogala wa letheka wa ga
morutabana semangmang, kamoso… wa gamolebe, le le latelang…. ,
basimane ba dira madi ba rekisetsa baithuti ka bone, ba rekisa le ko motseng
ka batho le bone ke ba ga ba boi ba kgona go reka le mo baneng ba ntse ba
itse gore ga ba na kgwebo.
Batsadi ba bereka go bitswa kgapetsakgapetsa mme go se nko e e tswang
lemina. E ne e re fa mmaagwe Potlako a kgalema ka tlhwaafalo, mmaagwe
Rex ene a bo a loma a fodisa a leka go reba maikutlo a basimane a itlhoma a
rapedisa. Mo mabakeng a mangwe, mmaagwe Rex le o ne a tle a rekolole
melato ka go duela bangongoregi go itsa kgang go ya kwa pele.
Ga tswelela fela jalo basimane ba ipswina ka go kgerisa fela jaaka ba
tlwaetse. E ne e re fa a feta Rex, bana bangwe ba tsenye ditlhogo go tila
bomadimabe jo bo ka nnang jwa ba tlhagela, fa bangwe bone ba mo reta. Se
sa bo se mo tiisa moko le go feta, a ikutlwa e le ene mong wa mmu. A dira le
go feta, tshimanyana ya sekolo e ne e itse sentle gore tse ba nang le tsone,
ba di tshwaretse Rex, o ka nna a di tsaya motsotso mongwe le mongwe. Go
ne go se motlhofo go mo tlaleya, le fa baemedi ba baithuti ba ne ba tshela ba
115 gakolola baithuti go dira jalo, nnyaa tlhe, e seng mo go Rex, ntwadumela wa
tlhogonkope! Nnyaa!
Rex o ne a setse a kile a seegelwa fa thoko makgetho a le mmalwa mo
maphatong wa bone fela. Wa mmata ene o ne a na le lesego la go falola ka
gantsi gone go diragatsa Rex, e bile ene kana le bogatapanyana bo ne bo le
mo teng. Gore tlhatlhobo o tla goroga kwa go yone, Malebogo le Thabo tota
ba ne ba setse ba beile mo go Ramasedi fela.
Go ne go setse dikgwedi di ka nna pedi, kgotsa tharo fela gore go kwalwe
ditlhatlhabo tsa makgaolakgang, megoplo ya bo Malebogo le Thabo ya bo e
ntse e kgarakgatshega ka Rex, ka e bile e le lengwe la malatsi a a sa lalang
mo lwapeng. Maphakela a, ba ne ba ntse mo borulelong jo bo fa pele ga ntlo,
ba thubile sogo fa Mmadisefe a ema kgorong ya lwapa la bone. Ba
phadimoga, ba lebana mo matlhong, dikakanyo di tlala mo megopolong ya
bone.
Ba dumedisana, ba botsana matsogo ka maitseo, ba ikitsisanya mme morago
ba rola kgang .
Batsadi ba amogela maemo jaaka a ntse, ba ineela.
Rraagwe Rex a tswelela le tiro ya gagwe ya go ritibatsa maikutlo jaaka a e
rutetswe kwa sethitšhareng. ‘ go botoka fa a tshela, kana re a bo re ne re ntse
re ipotsa gore go ka tswa go diragetseng fa a sa bonale jaana, ke dumela fa a
tla ithuta ka diphoso tse a di dirang A ikgomotsa jalo.
Rex le Potlako ba le gone kwa, ga se kwa ntlolefitshwaneng. Go utlwala fa ba
ne ba kgothosa ba bo ba golagatsa mme Norah, wa marekisetso a bojalwa a
a tumileng mo G- West. Ba ne ba mo tseela madi le megala ya letheka e le
mebedi.
Tsheko e ne ya tsena, ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa go ya go disa
poo. Rex a atlholwa dingwaga tse thataro ka go ne ga lemogwa fa e le ene
tshoso e rweleng. Potlako a fiwa di le tharo fela. Ba ne ba fiwa sebaka sa go
tsweledisa dithuto tsa bone ko tšhankaneng ya banana kwa Moshopa. Ba
ineela, ba tlwaela legae la bone le leša. Ba kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone mme
ba dira sentle, ba tswelela le dithuto tse di kwa godimo. Ba tlhomamisiwa mo
116 kerekeng ya Sabata e baruti ba yone ba neng ba ba etela kgapetsakgapetsa.
Morago ga `ngwaga tse pedi, Potlako a gololwa. Moragonyana mookamela
dikgolegelo a kopela Rex go gololwa ka a ne a ikagile seša. Ga nna fela jalo,
batsadi ba mo amogela ka boitumelo le bone. A thapiwa ke ba moepo kwa
toropong ya Jwaneng a bo a tsenngwa sekole go ikoketsa ka ba ne ba
lemogile fa a le tlhaga mo tirong. A kopana le mosetsana Lorato, mongwe wa
ba a neng a ba tshwenya kwa Ledumang. Lenyalo la rulaganngwa la bo la
tsamaisiwa ke ba Sabata ka sontaga yo o molemo. Nnyaa tlhe! Botshelo jwa
nna monate mo go mme le rre Morekisi. Ba segofadiwa ka bana ba basimane
ba le babedi le wa mosetsana a le mongwe.
(E tlhamilwe ke Norman Shaw Gadilatolwe, e tswa mo pading e e iseng e
gatisiwe)
Thulaganyo ya ditiragalo, tsalano, kgonagalo le tumelesego
Maikaelelo a thuto e moithuti ke gore kwa bofelong o bo o ka kgona go;
•
•
•
•
Tlhalosa gore thulaganyo ya ditiragalo go tewa eng
Rulaganya ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa tsa padi e o e badileng
Supa ka fa ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa di nyalanang kana di tsalanang ka
teng
Tlhalosa gore a ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa di a dumelesega le go
amogelesega
Mothuti, gore o tlhaloganye padi sentle, o tshwanetse go itse le go tlhaloganya
ditiragalo tsa yone ka botlalo. Mme se, se ka diragala sentle fela fa o ka
lemoga ka fa di latelanang di bo di tshwaragana ka teng. Ditiragalo kana ke
tsone di agang padi, go e thusa go fetisa molaetsa ka botlalo.
Thulaganyo ya ditiragalo ke ka fa ditiragalo di salanang morago ka teng, kana
ka fa di tshwaraganang ka teng go neelana megopolo. Mokwadi wa padi o ka
kwala ditiragalo a di tlhakatlhakanya mme go batle gore mmadi ka go
tlhaloganya padi ga gagwe, a di rulaganye ka go latelana ga tsone. Ka go dira
jalo, mmadi o kgona go bona setshwantsho sa se padi e buang ka sone. Fa
ditiragalo di rulagantswe sentle, re kgona go senola dintlha tse dingwe motlhofo
di tshwana le molaetsa, kgotlhang, paka le lefelo jalo jalo.
Tsalano ya ditiragalo kana nyalano ya ditiragalo yone ka bokhutshwane e
supa ka fa ditiragalo tse o di bakanang ka teng. Ditiragalo tse, di tshwanetse go
supa tsamaelano, ke gore go supagale bolesika mo go tsone, re bone gore
tiragalo ya bobedi, e diragala ka ntlha ya ya ntlha, jalo jalo.
Kgonagalo le tumelesego ya ditiragalo tsone di itebagantse le gore re
sekaseke ditiragalo go bona gore a mme ke dilo tse di tshelang, a ke dilo di ka
dirwang ke batho ba nama le madi jaaka nna le wena?
117 1.
Ditiragalo
1.1 Thulaganyo Ya Ditiragalo
Go simolola puisano ya rona moithuti, netefatsa pele gore o badile
polelo/ khutshwe e e fa godimo, fa o sa e tlhaloganya sentle, boelela
o e bale gape.
Tiro 1
Moithuti, ke dumela fa o e badile jaanong ebile o e tlhalogantse. Fa go ntse
jalo, supa seo ka go rulaganya ditiragalo tse ka fa di tlhatlologanang ka teng.
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Ke dumela fa o kgonne go di rulaganya sentle moithuti. Ditiragalo tse, le tse
dingwe tse di di tlaleletsang ke tsone tse re tla ikaegang ka tsone mo thutong e
ya padi, khutshwe le motshameko. Mme pele re ka tswelela, a re
tshwantshanye tiro ya gago le se se fa tlase go bona gore a mme re dirile
sentle.
•
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Malebogo o tshola ngwana mme rraagwe ngwana o a mo phuaganya.
O godisa Rex a le nosi
O mo direla tsotlhe tse a di tlhokang go leka go supa lorato
Rex o tswa mo tseleng ka ntlha ya go pepetletswa mo go feteletseng
Malebogo o iponela monna wa morutabana, Thabo, ba bo ba nyalana
Thabo o leka go tsenya Rex mo tseleng mme go nna bokete ka
mmaagwe a mo leseleditse
O tswelela ka go dira dilo tse di maswe jaaka go utswa le go betsa ba
bangwe
O dira sentle mo ditlhatlhobong tsa magare a bo a dumelelwa kwa
Ledumang.
O kopana le Potlako
Ba tsweledisa botlhokatsebe jwa bone jo bo ba fapaanyang le
barutabana.
Ba utswela barutabana le baithuti ba bangwe
Ba nna fela mo ditshekong tsa bosenyi ba etla ba seegelwa kwa thoko mo
sekoleng
118 •
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•
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•
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Ba kgothosa ba bo ba golafatsa mme wa mogwebi
Ba a tshwarwa ba bo ba atlholelwa kgolegelo.Ba isiwa kgolegelong ya
bana ya Moshupa
Ba tsweledisa dithuto tsa bone kwa kgolegelong mme ba a atlega
Ba ikaga seša, ba bo ba tlhomamisiwa mo kerekeng ya Sabata
Ba a gololwa
Rex o bona tiro kwa moepong wa Jwaneng
O kopana le Lorato
Ba a nyalana, ba bo ba aga lelwapa ka go segofadiwa ka bana ba bararo.
Dikai tsa dipotso tsa thulaganyo ya ditiragalo
Jaanong ka go lebega o di tlhaloganya botoka, sekaseka potso ke e, o bo o di
dirisa go e araba.
Supa ka fa ditiragalo di tlhatlologanang ka teng mo polelong e, o
itebagantse le marara a a ntseng teng, se se a bakileng le tharabololo ya
one. [25]
Kana
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa polelo e, o itebagantse le se se di bakileng,
marara a a nnileng teng, tharabololo ya one, mafologelo, le phelelo ya
ditiragalo. [25]
Kaedi: Go araba potso e, o tshwanetse wa bo o tlhalogantse ditiragalo tsa padi
sentle o bo o itse le dintlha tsa botlhokwa tse potso e e ikaegileng ka tsone. A
re bone gore a mme go ntse jalo moithuti. Simolola ka go bolela dintlha tsa
botlhokwa tse o di bonang mo potsong e.
ü
Dintlha tsa potso:
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A o amile dingwe tsa tse?
•
Selo sa ntlha potso e, e batla o senola kgwetlho ya ditiragalo – se ke
tiragalokgolo e e dirileng gore tse tsotlhe di diragale. Ke tiragalo e e
gwetlhileng tse dingwe go diragala.
119 •
•
Kgotlhang – o tshwanetse go supa mofuta wa kgotlhang, e ka nna fa
gare ga batho, motho le tikologo kana motho le dikakanyo tsa gagwe.
senola moanelwa yo e tlhagisang, o bo o tlatsa ka ditiragalo tse di
netefatsang seo.
Setlhoa – fa marara a rarabologang teng, fa dipotso tse re ntseng re di
ipotsa ka moanelwa yo di arabegang teng
Phelelo le Mafologelo– ditiragalo di felela jang? Moanelwa mogolo le ba
a tshelang le bone ba felela kae?
Fa o itse tse tsotlhe moithuti, o ka araba potso e. A mme o ipaakanyeditse go
ka e araba? A re utlwe.
Karabo ya gago
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A o e arabile sentle moithuti? Fa o dumela jalo, o ka kopa moithuti ka wena go
bala karabo ya gago. Morago, o ka batla karabo ya yone kwa karolong ya
dikarabo go tshwantshanya dikarabo go bona gore a o dirile sentle. A jaanong
re fetele kwa ntlheng e e latelang ya karolo e.
1.2 Tsalano ya Ditiragalo
Moithuti, a o santse o gakologelwa se re neng re re tsalano ya ditiragalo
ke sone kwa tshimologong ya thuto e? Ee! Ke nnete, re rile ke neelano ya
ditiragalo. Fa re rulaganya ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa mo pading, re
tshwanetse go sekaseka gore a go na le tshwaragano le bolesika mo go
tsone. Se se dirwa ka go sekaseka gore tiragalo efe e dirile gore efe e
nne teng, kgotsa gore tiragalo efe e tsetse efe go ya fela jalo ka tatelano
ya tsone.
Fa o araba potso ya tsalano ya ditiragalo, o tshwanetse go dirisa mafoko
kana dielana tse di tlisang tshwaragano mo ditiragalong jaaka; ‘go dira
gore…’, ‘se se baka gore…’, ‘ka jalo…’, ‘ga dira gore..’, ‘ga tsala go..’, ‘ka
go bo…’, jalo jalo.
Lebelela sekai sa ditiragalo se se fa tlase mme o bo o leka go di
tshwaraganya o dirisa mafoko a a tlisang nyalano re tle re bone moithuti.
•
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Botiki o nyalana le Masego.
Masego o ratana le Tswelelo.
Botiki o lemoga tshwaragano ya ga Masego le Tswelelo.
Botiki o keteka Masego le Tswelelo morago ga go ba fitlhela mo
ntlong ya gagwe.
Botiki o isa kgang kwa batsading.
Tswelelo o atlholelwa go thuba lelwapa la ga Botiki
Ke solofela fa o dirile sengwe se se tsamaelanang le se moithuti;
Morago ga go nyalana le Botiki, Masego o ratana le Tswelelo. Lorato le la bone
le dira gore Botiki a ba fitlhele mo ntlong ya gagwe. Se se baka gore Botiki a ba
keteke. Morago o isa kgang e ko batsading. Se se tsala gore Tswelelo a
atlholelwe go thuba lelwapa la ga Botiki.
Ke dumela gore tsela o a e bona moithuti. Jaanong a re boele kwa ditiragalong
tsa polelo/ khutswhe re bone gore tsone di neelana kana di tsalana jang.
Dikai tsa dipotso tsa tsalano ya ditiragalo
Dirisa ditiragalo tsa padi e go supa ka fa di tsalanang ka teng. [25]
Sekaseka ditiragalo mo pading e mme supe ka fa ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa
di rotloetsanang ka teng. [25]
121 Kaedi: Moithuti, gakologelwa se; go araba potso e sentle, o tshwanetse wa bo
o kgonne go rulaganya ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa ka go latelana ga tsone.
Ka re setse re di rulagantse fa re bua ka thulaganyo ya ditiragalo, di dirise fa go
araba potso e.
A re utlwe moithuti!
Karabo ya gago:
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Fa o dumela gore o arabile potso e sentle, leba karabo ya yone kwa bofelong
mo karolong ya dikai tsa dikarabo mme oo di tshwantshe. Fa o sa dira sentle,
122 sekaseka diphoso tsa gago mme o dire paakanyo. Fa o dirile sentle, go a
itumedisa moithuti, tswelela fela jalo.
Re tswelela le thuto e ya ditiragalo tsa padi, mme jaanong re lebele kgonagalo
le tumelesego ya tsone.
1.3 Kgonagalo le Tumelesego ya Ditiragalo
Moithuti, re ntse re bua ka ditiragalo, gore di tshwanetse go tlhomagana
jang, le ka fa di tsalanang ka teng ka mabaka a a farologaneng. Jaanong
ke nako ya gore re ipotse gore a mme tsone ditiragalo tse, di supa
botshelo. A ke dilo tse di dumelesegang mo botshelong ebile go a
kgonagala. A ke dilo tse di ka dirwang ke batho ba ba mo botshelong,
wena, ditsala tsa gago, masika a gago, batsadi ba rona, masika a rona?
A o tle o bone ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego tsa paka tsa
malobanyana? O ka reng ka ditiragalo tse o di bonang mo go tsone?
Akanya setshwantsho sa motho a itatlha kwa godimo ga ntlo
yamatlhatlhaganyane, a bo go tswa foo a ba a emelela a sia, kana motho
a le mongwe a lwa le batho ba le lesome, a bo a ba fenya. Nnyaa wetsho!
Fa re tsena mo khutshweng ya rona, re ka nankola ditiragalo ka bongwe
ka bongwe go lekola gore a mme di tshwana le tsa metshameko e ya
motshikinyego kana nnyaa. A re lekeletse seo jaana moithuti; go tlhoka go
reetsa le go senya ga ga Rex le Potlako, a ke selo se o se itemogelang
kwa dikoleng moithuti? Go itaola le go sa reetsa ga bone gone wa reng ka
gone?
Ke solofela gore fa o bona ditiragalo tse moithuti, o gopola bangwe ba o
tshelang le bone. Ditiragalo tse fa di go gopotsa bangwe jalo, go raya
gore di supa botshelo jwa rona, ka jalo re ka re di kgona go diragala ebile
di a dumelesega. Go mabaka a mantsi re utlwa mo dikoleng tsa rona, mo
diromamoweng go buiwa ka go sa itshola sentle ga baithuti, re utlwa fa
bangwe ba sa buise barutabana sentle, ebile bangwe ba ba betsa le go
ba gobatsa. Re itse fa go na le bana ba ba berekwang, ba kgalengwa ka
ntlha ya go itaola le go sa reetsa dikgakololo tsa batsadi le barutabana.
Re itse fa baithuti bangwe ba ba seng lesego mo botshelong, ba batlhoki
ba kgokgontshiwa ke ba bangwe ka ntlha ya botlhoki jwa bone. Ke dilo tse
re tshelang le tsone, tse re di dirang moithuti.
A re itebaganye le ditiragalo tsa polelo/ khutshwe moithuti mme re araba
potso ya ntlha e ya kgonagalo le tumelesego ya ditiragalo.
Dikai tsa dipotso tsa kgonagalo le tumelesego ya ditiragalo
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa polelo/ khutshwe emme o supe gore a di a
dumelesegae bile di a kgonagala. [25]
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa polelo/ e mme o tlhalose ka mabaka gore a di a
kgonagala e bile di a dumelesega. [25]
Kaedi: Moithuti, gakologelwa gore, gore o arabe potso e sentle le yone o
tshwanetse gore o bo o badile padi, o e tlhalogantse, o tlhalogantse ditiragalo
ka botlalo. O tshwanetse go kgona go amanya ditiragalo tsa padi le botshelo
jaaka bo ntse
123 Araba potso re utlwe moithuti.
Karabo ya Gago:
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Moithuti, thuto e, e ne e itebagantse le dipotso tse di lebaganeng le ditiragalo
fela. Ke dumela fa o bone dikai tse mme ebile o kgonne go araba dipotso
sentle. Tswelela o ikatise ka go dirisa dipolelo tse dingwe le go buisana le
baithuti ba bangwe go ipaakanyetsa tlhatlhobo ya gago.
Baanelwa le botho jwa bone
Maikaelelo a thuto e ke gore kwa bofelong moithuti a bo a ka kgona go;
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Tlhalosa gore baanelwa go tewa eng
Tlhalosa mefuta ya baanelwa
Supa se se dirang kgotsa se farologanya moanelwa mogolo le ba bangwe
Supa tumelesego ya botho jwa moanelwa yo a mo ratileng kgotsa a sa
mo rata
Tlhalosa mabaka a moanelwa yo a mo ratileng kgotsa a sa mo rata.
124 2.1 Baanelwa ke eng?
A o na le karabo ya potso e moithuti? Ee, go ntse fela jalo. Baanelwa ke
batho ba ba fitlhelwang mo pading go diragatsa ditiragalo. Gore padi e
tlhaloganyesege, e tshwanetse go nna le ditiragalo jaaka re setse re
bone, mme di diragatswa ke baanelwa ba ba emelang batho ba nama le
madi. Baanelwa ke batho ba mokwadi a ba itlhamelang, ga se batho ba
nama le madi le fa ntswa ba emetse bone. Ka jalo, go tlhokafala gore
baanelwa ba, ba bo ba tshwana le batho ba boamaaruri, ba dira dilo tse di
ka dirwang ke batho tota, e seka ya nna tsa masalamose. Go tshwanetse
go nna le tumelesego mo go bone fela jaaka re supile ka ditiragalo.
A jaanong re itebaganye le baanelwa ba padi ya rona ya polelo/ khutshwe
re tle re bone se.
Polelo/ khutshwe e fela jaaka tse dingwe tse o di badileng e agilwe ka
ditiragalo tse di tlhagisiwang ke batho ba ba farologanneng. Ke na le
tumelo ya gore o e badile jaaka o laetswe ke morutuntshi wa gago
moithuti. Ka jalo, a re latedise ka fa mokwadi a supileng baanelwa ba
gagwe ka teng mme pele tla ke bone gore wena o ba lemoga jang.
Tiro
Balolola baanelwa botlhe ba o badileng ka bone mo
polelong e.
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Ee, ke bone bao tota moithuti, go raya gore o e badile wa bo wa e tlhaloganya
fa o amile ba ba latelang:
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Morekisi/ Rex
Malebogo
Thabo
Lorato
Potlako
Norah
Mma Mogotsi/ Mmamoruti
Mogolwane wa dikgolegelo
Jaanong moithuti, ke dumela fa o lemoga gore baanelwa ba jaaka re ba
nankotse, seabe sa bone mo ditiragalong tsa padi ga se lekane, fela jaaka go
ntse ka sa rona mo botshelong jwa rona jwa letsatsi le letsatsi mo malwapeng,
125 kwa dikoleng le kwa ditirong tsa rona ka go farologana. Go na le ba eketeng
ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa ka bontsi di dirwa ke bone, kgotsa di a ba diragalela.
Go na le ba e leng gore ba thusa go etleetsa ditiragalo fela. Ka jalo re ka re
mefuta ya baanelwa e kgaogantswe ga raro.
Go tswa mo kitsong ya gago e o e amuleng mo mephatong e e kwa tlase,
bolela ka fa baanelwa ba kgaoganngwang ka teng.
Tiro
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Ke solofela fa o ba kgaogantse jaana moithuti:
Mefuta ya baanelwa e meraro;
1.
2.
3.
Moanelwa mogolo – ke yo ditiro di ikaegileng ka ene, a diragatsa bontsi,
e bile a diragalelwa ke ditiragalo tse dintsi mo pading.
Baanelwa ba botlhokwa – ba ba dirang ditiragalo dingwe tsa botlhokwa
gore padi e tswelele ka fa tshwanelong.
Baanelwa ba ba botlana/ ba bangwe – ke ba seabe sa bone se seng
kalo mo pading. Padi e ka tswelela fela ntleng le bone.
A o ka kgaoganya baanelwa ba polelo e ba o ba balolotseng fa godimo ka
mefuta e moithuti? Dira jalo re bone.
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Ke solofela fa o ba kgaogantse jaana moithuti:
1.
2.
3.
Moanelwa mogolo – Morekisi
Ba ba botlhokwa – Malebogo, Thabo, Potlako, Lorato, Mmamoruti,
Norah,
Baanelwa ba babotlana- Mogolwane wa dikgolegelo,
A jaanong re netefatse se ka go lebelela baanelwa ba re ikaegile ka ditiro tsa
bone mo pading./ polelong
2.2 Mefuta ya Baanelwa
Jaaka o setse o ka tswa o ithutile kwa mephatong e e kwa tlase, seabe sa
baanelwa ka go farologana ga bone se dira gore re kgone go ba
kgaoganya ka mefuta e re sa t swang go bua ka yone fa godimo. Mme go
botlhokwa go lemoga thata seabe sa moanelwa mogolo le ba ba
botlhokwa, ke bone ba re tla remelelang mo go bone. Mo tirong e re sa
tswang go e dira fa godimo re supile baanelwa ba botlhokwa ba le
mmalwa, mme mo go bone ra supa fa Rex e le ene moanelwa mogolo. A
re leke go sekaseka mabaka a gore re bo re rialo moithuti. A go simolole
wena pele.
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1.
Moanelwa mogolo ke Rex: Rex ke ene tshosoerweleng ya ditiragalo. Ditiro ka
bontsi di dirwa ke ene, fa tse dingwe di diragalela ene. Kwa bofelong re ithuta
sengwe gape mo go ene fa re bona a fetoga, a tsalwa seša. Se sengwe, re
bona e le ene a re senolelang molaetsa wa polelo e. A re netefatse se ka
bokhutshwane re dirisa ditiragalo moithuti.
•
Setlhogo sa padi e se itebagantse le ene. Ke ene yoo neng a itaola, a sa
itshole sentle mo motseng le kwa sekoleng le mmaagwe a palelwa ke go
mo tsenya mo tseleng sentle mme kwa befelong re bona a roba maduo a
a seng monate fa a ya kgolegelong. O felela a ikagile seša a bo a nyala
Lorato yo a neng a mo nyatsa fa ba tsena kwa Ledumang. Se se re
supegetsa tota gore ke boamaruri ngwana yo o sa reetseng, yo o itaolang
ga ke a felela gope.
•
Ke ene a re senolelang kgotlhang kgolo ka ditiro tsa gagwe di sa
amogelesege mo tikologong e a nnang mo go yone. Re bona barutabana,
batsadi le baithuti ka ene ba sa amogele ditiro tsa gagwe.
•
O nna le mathata morago ga go kgothosa mme Norah a bo a felela a le
kwa kgolegelong.
•
O felela a ikaga seša, a tsena kereke a bo a nyala, go supa fa mo
botshelong motho a ka ithuta ka diphoso tse a di dirileng mme a boele mo
tseleng fela sentle.
Ka one mabaka a moithuti, re ka re Rex ke ene mmammane wa ditiragalo tsa
polelo e, ke ene moanelwa mogolo ka a diragatsa e bile a diragalelwa ke
ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa ka bontsi.
2.
Baanelwa ba botlhokwa: fa re ka tsenya Malebogo, Thabo, Mmamoruti,
Potlako, Lorato.
•
Potlako o botlhokwa ka e le ene a tshwaraganeng thata le Morekisi. O mo
thusa go dira ditiro tse di makgaphila, ba felela ba tsena botlhe go anywa
maduo a ditiro tsa bone. Ka jalo re ka re Potlako o ne a rotloetsa Morekisi
go dira tse ba neng ba di dira tse di sa amogelesegeng mo tikologong.
Malebogo le ene o na le seabe sa go nna jalo ka ne a sa kgalemele
ngwana sentle, a na le go mo pepetletsa.
•
Thabo, Lorato, Norah le Mmamoruti le bone ba ne ba amiwa ke tse
Morekisi a di dirang e bile ba dira dingwe tse di amang botshelo jwa
gagwe fa ba ntse ba leka go mo thusa, le fa a ne a sa ba reetse e bile a
ba nyatsa. Ka jalo re ka re ba botlhokwa mo palong ka ba mo thusa go
tlhagisa molaetsa wa palo.
•
Ba babotlana: ba ke ba tlhagelelang mo pading mme seabe sa bone se
sa bonale mo go kalo. Ditiro tse di dirwang ke baanelwa ba, di tlaleletsa
tse di dirwang ke baanelwa ba re setseng re buile ka bone. Baanelwa ba
ba akaretsa mogolwane wa dikgolegelo, baithuti ka ene ba ba sa buiwang
ka maina. Le fa re re ditiragalo tsa padi di ka tswelela ntle le bone, seo ga
se reye gore re ka ba kgaphela ntle ka go na le lebaka la gore ba bo ba
tlhagelela mo pading.
128 Re buile thata ka baanelwa le seabe sa bone moithuti, jaanong a re gatele pele
re lebelele botho jwa bone.
2.3 Botho jwa baanelwa
Baanelwa fela jaaka batho ba nnete ba tshwanetse go dira dilo dingwe
kgotsa ba itshwara ka tsela nngwe e e tla dirang gore re dumele tota fa e
le batho. Mokwadi o tshwanetse go ba supa ba na le makoa golo gongwe
le bokgoni mo go tse dingwe. Fa ba lebagana le mathata, ba dirisanya le
ba bangwe kgotsa ba tsibogela se ba se dirwang ke ba bangwe mo
pading se tshwanetse go nna ka tsela e e ba supang e le batho. Jaanong
moithuti, ka o itse gore mo botshelong batho ba rata go sekeseka
boitshwaro jwa batho, le mo pading re dira fela jalo.
Re lebelela ka fa baanelwa ba itshwarang ka teng, re go rata kgotsa go re
tena, gore botho ke jo bo ntseng jang, le gore a go a kgonagala gore
motho a itshware jalo. Ke tsaya gore le wena moithuti go na le batho
bangwe ba o ba ratang le ba o sa ba rateng mo botshelong jwa gago ka
ntlha ya boitshwaro, ditiro le botho jwa bone. Le mo pading go ntse fela
jalo. Kana re rile baanelwa ba tshwanetse go itshwara fela jaaka batho ba
ba tshelang, bangwe o ka ba rata, bangwe o ka ba ila o lebeletse
boitshwaro jwa bone. A re sekaseke botho jwa baanelwa bangwe mo
pading ya rona.
Botho jwa baanelwa mo polelo khutshweng e
Mo Polelo-khutshweng e, re fitlhela baanelwa ba ba farologaneng ka
boitshwaro le ka ditiro. Re tsile go itebaganya re bo sekaseka go bona
gore a ke jo bo kgatlhisang jo re bo ratang kana jang. Fa re bo ratile re tla
ba akgola jaaka e le tshwanelo. Fa re sa bo rata, re tshawanetse go ba
kgala. Re tla feleletsa ka go supa gore a bo a dumelesega. Re tla tsaya
baanelwa ba se kaenyana fela, segolobogolo ba botlhokwa.
Tiro
Sekaseka boitshwaro jwa baanelwa ba ba latelang,o bo o bolele gore botho
jwa bone bo ntse jang le gone gore a bo a dumelesega mo botshelong:
Rex, Thabo, Potlako, Malebogo le Lorato.
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O buile eng ka batho ba moithuti? Tla re bone gore a mme re ba bona ka go
tshwana!
1.
2.
Rex: Ga a na botho ka ga a buise barutabana baithuti ka ene le rraagwe
sentle. O lenyatso ka o nyatsa rraagwe, morutabana
Bana ba bangwe ba ba tlhokileng lesego mo go tsa itsholelo mo
botshelong. O seganka, o tshwenya bana ba bangwe le go kgerisa batho
mo motseng. Ga a na boikarabelo le tebelopele ka o ikgatholosa tiro ya
gagwe ya sekole e e ka tsogang e mo tshetsa a sia le ditiro tsa botlhoka
tsebe. Potlako le ene go ka buiwa tsone tse ka ene ka ene e le di-yathoteng di bapile.
Botho jwa bobedi jo bo a dumelesega ka re itse fa go na le bana ba ba
dirang jaaka bone mo botshelong, mme ga bo eletsege ka bo makgaphila.
Re itse sentle gore ga go na motsadi yo o eletsang go nna le ngwana yo o
ntseng jaana.
3.
Lorato: O bonolo ebile o lorato ka o kgonne go itshokela dipuo tsa bo
Rex mme a seka a mo tshwara ka pelo gotlhelele. O na le boikarabelo ka
o ne a kgathala e bile a dira tiro ya sekolo ka manontlhotlho a itse fa e le
yone e tla tsogang e mo ntshitsemo lehumeng. O lorato e bile o pelontle,
o amogela Rex mo botshelong jwa gagwe mme ba bo ba felela ba aga
motse mmogo.
Jo ke jone botho jo motsadi mongwe le mongwe a eletsang go bo bona mo
ngwaneng wa gagwe, botho jo re tleng re re ke jwa ngwana wa Setswana.
Ka jalo re ka re ke jo bo amogelesegang.
4.
Malebogo: O lorato ka o leka go fa ngwana wa gagwe lorato la motsadi.
Ga a na boikarabelo ka a sa fe ngwana dikgakololo tse di maleba e bile a
na le go leka go mo sireletsa. Ga a boikanyego jo bo tletseng mo go rre,
go na le gore a mo eme nokeng, o etla a leka go sireletsa ngwana fa
Thabo a leka go mo tsenya mo tseleng.O boitshoko. Boitsholo jo, ke jo
batsadi bangwe ba kgonang go bo supa ba leka go supa fa ba rata bana
ba bone. Seo ga se thuse ka sepe tota e bile se borai mo matshelong a
bana. Motsadi wa go nna jaana re ka re o na le tlhaelo mo boikarabelong
jwa gagwe jwa setsadi.
130 5.
Thabo: O lorato ka o ne a tlhokomela Rex sentle a sa supe ka gope gore
ga se ngwana wa gagwe wa nama le madi. O bonolo le boitshoko ka o
itshokela tse Rex le mmaagwe ba di dirang ntleng le go tsosa modumo a
tsaya fa ba tla ikaga. O na le boikarabelo ka o leka ka bojotlhe go tsenya
ngwana mo tseleng go mmetlela bokamoso jo bo molemo.
Se ke sone sekai sa motsadi, boitshwaro jwa gagwe ke jo re eletsang go
bona batsadi ka kakaretso ba bo tshotse ka bo ka aga setšhaba.
2.3.1 Tumelesego ya Botho jwa Baanelwa
Moithuti, fa re sena go sekaseka botho jwa baanelwa, re lebelela
gore a mme boitshwaro jo bo a kgonagala mo botshelong. A se ba
se dirang ke se re se dirang le rona mo botshelong jwa letsatsi le
letsatsi. Thuto e moithuti, e tsamaelana le ya kgonagalo le
tumelesego ya ditiragalo, segolobogolo ka e bile re ntse re ikaegile
ka ditiragalo kgotsa ditiro tsa baanelwa.
Ka re setse re bone botho jwa baanelwa ba rona ka go farologana, o
ka reng ka jone moithuti mabapi le kgang e? Re tlanyatlanyetse go
se kae re utlwe.
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Ee! Gontse fela jalo tota moithuti. Go na le bana ba ba tshwanang le bo Rex
mo dikolong tsa rona ba ba ikgatholosang tiro ya bone ya sekolo le dikgakololo
tsa batsadi le bangwe ka bone. Mme e bile go na le batsadi ba ba rotloetsang,
131 ba ba palelwang go fa bana dikgakololo tse di maleba jaaka mmaagwe Rex.
Go a diragala gore fa gongwe, bana ba go nna jaana ba felela ba
itharabologelwa, le fa gantsi se se diragala ba setse ba diragaletswe ke dilo tse
di sa eletseng, mme fela fa se se diragala re a itumela gore o ithutile sengwe
mo botshelong.
Fa re sekaseka botho jwa baanelwa, re ikaega ka ditiro tsa bone tsotlhe, tse
dintle le tse di bosula. Se ke sone se re thusang go tsaya matlhakore, re
galaletsa re bo re rata ba ba dirang dilo tse dintle, re bo re nna kgatlhanong le
ba ba dirang tse di bosula.
Ikatiso
Dikai tsa dipotso ka baanelwa
Araba dipotso tse di latelang moithuti tse di itebagantse le baanelwa go supa fa
o tlhalogantse.
1.
Morekisi o botlhokwa thata mo go tsweleleng ga ditiragalo tse,
tlhalosa. [25]
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2.
Tlhalosa maikutlo a mokwadi wa polelo e ka bana ba ba sa reetseng
dikgakololo jaaka Morekisi. [25]
Kaedi: Mokwadi o ka supa maikutlo ka maina a a rayang baanelwa, puo
ya gagwe kana ya baanelwa, setlhogo, botho jo a bo fang baanelwa,
tlaopo, kobiso le ka fa a feleletsang moanelwa ka teng.
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133 3.
Fa o lebeletse ka fa mokwadi wa palo e a senotseng Morekisi ka
teng, a o bona a kgonne go supa phetogo ya botho ka ene? [25]
Kaedi: Go araba potso e sentle o tshwanetse go kgona go latedisa botho
jwa moanelwa, o bone gore o simolotse a ntse jang, a o kgonne go
itharabologelwa, phelelo ya gagwe e supa kwelotlase kana kgolo.
Ithute ka mafoko a a ntshofaditsweng, moithuti, a botlhokwa thata mo
potsong e.
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4.
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa polelo e o bo o tlhalosa gore a ditiro tsa
baanelwa di tsamaelana le paka le lefelo tse ba beilweng mo go
tsone. [25]
Kaedi:
•
•
•
O tshwanetse wa bo o itse ditiragalo ka botlalo.
Netefatsa gore o itse, paka e e tlhagisiwang ke palo, le dikai tse di
netefatsang paka eo. Paka e ka nna ya seša, ya diphetogo kana ya
segologolo.
Ela tlhoko lefelo le gore batho ba ba nnang mo mafelong a go nna
jalo ba dira dilo tsa mefuta efe. Lefelo e ka nna toropo, motse
selegae/ setoropo jalo jalo.
134 Karabo ya gago:
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5.
Ipee mo seemong sa ga Morekisi a sekaseka botshelo jwa gagwe
mme o bue se a neng a ka se bua morago ga go atlholelwa go
kgothosa Norah. [25]
Tseela gore o Morekisi mme o kwale se o ka se bua morago ga go
atlholelwa go ya go disa poo kwa kgolegelong ya banana. [25]
Kaedi: Go araba potso e sentle moithuti, o tshwanetse go itse le go
tlhaloganya moanelwa le ditiro tsa gagwe. O itse gore o bua a le mo
seemong sefe, o itumetse kana o mo kutlobotlhokong. O batla go
amogana molaetsa ofe le ba a buang le bone? O batla go fetisa
maitemogelo a fe a se se mo diragaletseng mo botshelong? Sekaseka
gore ke ditiragalo dife tse o ka di dirisang go nonotsha kgang ya gago.
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Tse ke tsone dintlha tsa botlhokwa tse di amanang le baanelwa le dipotso tsa
tsone. Ke dumela fa o amule sengwe mo t hutong e ebile o ipaakantse go ka
araba dipotso tse mo tlhatlhobong. Tswelela o dirise dipolelo tse dingwe go
ikatisa. Gakologelwa go ikopanya le baithuti ka wena ka nako tsotlhe go ikatisa
mmogo le gone go botsa morutintshi wa lona fa o tlhoka tlhaloso e
tseneletseng.
THUTO YA BORARO
Molaetsa
Maikelelo a thuto e ke gore kwa bofelong o bo o ka kgona go:
•
•
•
Tlhalosa gore molaetsa ke eng.
Nankola ditsela tsa go senola molaetsa mo pading.
Amanya molaetsa wa padi le botshelo.
Moithuti, re sa tswa go ithuta ka ditiragalo tsa padi, le baanelwa ba di diragatsang
mo dithutong tse di fetileng. Jaanong re tla lebelela gore mokwadi fa a kwala padi,
maikaelelo a gagwe e a bo e le eng. Tse tsotlhe tse mokwadi a re di neelang mo
pading ya gagwe e a bo e le thuto e a lekang go e amogana le rona. Molaetsa ke
one konokono mo pading ka gore maikaelelo a mokwadi mongwe le mongwe ke go
fetisetsa one kwa babading, go leka go amogana le bone maitemogelo a botshelo.
Kgakololo go wena moithuti ke gore fa o batla molaetsa mo pading o ganelele mo
thutong e e molemo, ga wa tshwanela go ithuta tse di bosula ka mokwadi le ene o
tshwanetse go dinyatsa. Le fa go ntse jalo, mokwadi o tshwanetse go dirisa ditiro tse
di bosula go re tlhagisa dilo dingwe mo botshelong.
Ditsela tsa go senola molaetsa
Moithuti, mokwadi o ka senola molaetsa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng, mme dingwe
tsa tsone ke tse di latelang:
•
•
•
•
Setlhogo sa padi.
Ditiragalo tsa padi.
Lefoko kana mafoko mangwe a boelediwa gantsinyana go go tlhaba
podimatseba.
Baanelwa ba ka umaka kana ba akgela ka mafoko a a agang molaetsa.
136 A re sekaseke se ka polelo ya rona re bone moithuti.
Tiro
Fa o bona, molaetsa wa padi e ke eng moithuti? Tlhalosa ka botlalo. O ka a fa polelo
e setlhogo sefe fa e ne e le wena mokwadi wa yone?
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Ee! Ke dumelana le wena gore molaetsa ke gore go sa reetsa le go dira ditiro tse di
makgaphila ga go busetse, ebile go tsenya mo mathateng. Bona fela se se
diragaletseng Rex le Potlako. Setlhogo se se lebanyeng e ka nna gone gore fa
motho a sa reetse dikgakololo tsa ba bangwe, a dira dilo tse di duleng mo tseleng, o
ka felela a tsena mo mathateng jaaka Morekisi, se se ka senolwang ka diane tse di
farologaneng jaaka, ‘ngwana yo o sa utlweng molao wa batsadi o utlwa wa
manong’.
Dipotso tsa Molaetsa
Tlhalosa molaetsa wa polelo e ka botlalo. [25]
Tlhalosa ka botlalo thuto e mokwadi wa polelo a e amoganang le babadi. [25]
Kaedi; Go senola molaetsa wa padi, o tlhagise ka seele se se supang molaetsa le
maduo a one. Bolela gore molaetsa o o senolwa ke mang. Fa e le gore o senola
molaetsa ka seane, se tlhalose. Dirisa ditiragalo tse di lebanyeng go senola
molaetsa, o tlaleletse ka dikinolo go tiisa karabo ya gago.
Ela tlhoko: go na le ditsela tse di farologanyeng tse mokwadi a ka tlhagisang
molaetsa ka tsone jaaka: setlhogo sa padi, ditiragalo tsa padi, mafoko mangwe a
mokwadi le a baanelwa ba bangwe.
Tshoboko
Puisano ya rona ka ditiragalo tsa botlhokwa tsa padi, baanelwa le molaetsa e tla
bokhutlong gone fa moithuti. Ke na le tumelo e e tletseng ya gore o ithutile gore padi
e agiwa jang. O ithutile gore ditiragalo tse di agang padi di tshwanetse go
rulaganngwa ka tatelano ya tsone gore o kgone go tlhaloganya sentle. Ke dumela
gore o bone gape gore ditiragalo ga di itlele fela, di a tsalana, tiragalo ya ntlha, e
baka gore ya bobedi e nne teng, jalo jalo fela. Sa bofelo, o ithutile gape gore
ditiragalo tse, ke tsone di tlhagisang molaetsa. Ka jalo, jaaka ke supile kwa
tshimologong, dintlha tse re buisantseng ka tsone fa, ke tse di ka go thusang go
137 araba dipotso tsa karolo ya ntlha le ya bobedi tsa tlhatlhobo ya gago ya
makgaolakgang.
Karolo ya Poko
Moithuti, karolo e e itebagantse le thuto ya poko le dipotso tsa yone. Dipotso tsa
poko di tlhagelela mo karolong ya boraro ya tlhatlhobo ya gago ya Setswana. Gore o
kgone go araba dipotso tse, o tshwanetse gore o bo o badile leboko le o tla a bong o
le filwe o bo o le tlhaloganya. Go ipaakanyetsa se, bala buka ya Tshekatsheko ya
Poko, o bo o bale le maboko ka go farologana, e ka tswa e le a a mo bukeng ya
maboko e le laetsweng go e batla ke morutuntshi o bo o ikatisa le ka dipotso tsa
ditlhatlhobo tse di fetileng. O ka ikopanya le baithuti ka wena go ikatisa mmogo.
Fela jaaka re dirile ka thuto ya padi moithuti, mo kgaolong e ya buka ya rona ya
ikatiso re ya go itebaganya le dintlha tsa botlhokwa tsa poko le dipotso tsa tsone. Se
se tla re thusa go nna Malala-a-laotswe go ka araba dipotso tsa karolo e ya
tlhatlhobo ya makgaolakgang.
Diteng tsa thuto ya Poko
•
•
•
•
Tlhaloso ya leboko
Molaetsa wa leboko
Maikutlo a mmoki
Dikapuo le puo
Maikaelelo a thuto e moithuti ke gore kwa bofelong o bo o ka kgona go;
•
•
•
•
Tlhalosa leboko ka botlalo o dirisa mafoko a gago.
Senola molaetsa wa leboko
Senola maikutlo a mmoki
Tlhalosa puo le dikapuo tse di dirisitsweng mo lebokong.
Jaanong ka re bone dintlha tsa botlhokwa tsa thuto ya padi moithuti, a re semelele le
puisano ya rona mme re simolole ka go tlhopha leboko le re tlileng go le dirisa mo
thutong ya rona.
LEBOKO: NYALO
Nyalo e pataganya bobedi go bo dira bongwe
Ke tlhale e e rokang fa go le thata
Ke mogala o o sa kgaogeng fela
Tlou le nare di gogana o ka se kgaoge
Ga e na le senatla sa dikgoka
Leodi la yona ke lorato pelong
Lorato lo roba ditokololo ntle le mathata
Le tlhotse Samesone senatla se segolo
138 Morongwana wa nyalo ke lorato pelong
Morongwana wa segatlhamela masisi
Lorato ga le boi go bula matlo
Ga lo boitseme ga lo lefufa
Ga le na kgethololo ya mmala le khumo
Le mo sefofung le ntse le a kokota
Se nyala motho se sa mmona ka mmala le dipopego
Bobedi fa bo sena go ikana
Ga go batlege leotwana la boraro
E se pitsana e maotwana mararo
Wa boraro a tsena o tswa seboko sefetlha ntšhe
Metsenelela ga e na sepe se se phepha
Sa yone fela ke go senya loago
Mafoko a bo gatwe ga a boloke
A ka tsenya mo dipharagobeng
Bathai ba one ba go bitse seramatla
Bogologolo nyalo e ne e kgetha
Batsadi e ne e le bone bakanoki
Rona baša ra re pelo e ja serati
Ke rata khai fa ke itheketse
Fa e ntena ke e beela fale
E jewe ke mmoto ke sa e kgome
Ke rekile e nngwe ke kgatlha ditsala
Tlhalo ke kgatlhego ya boesemang
Tlhaloso ya leboko
Moithuti, a o itse go tlhalosa leboko? A o ka kgona go tlhalosa leboko ka mafoko a
gago morago ga go le bala? Tlhalosa dintlha tse di ka thusang mo tlhalosong ya
leboko.
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A re tshwantshanye dintlha tsa gago le tse di latelang go bona gore a mme di a
tsamaelana.
Tlhaloso ya leboko:
•
•
•
•
Bolela gore go bokwa eng kana mang.
Go buiwa eng ka sone kana ene.
Sekaseka diteng tsa leboko o bo o di ntsha ka mafoko a gago.
Dirisa dikinolo go nonotsha tlhaloso ya gago.
Moithuti, mo tlhalosong ya leboko, o tshwanetse go leka bojotlhe go dirisa mafoko a
gago go supa gore o tlhalogantse leboko ebile o utlwile gore le bua ka ga eng. Se ga
se reye gore o tlhalose mola mongwe le mongwe go fitlha kwa bofelong, nnyaa! O
nopola fela tse o bonang e le tsone dintlha tsa konokono mme o bue ka tsone.
Dintlha tse, di tshwanetse go senoga di papametse, mme o di nonotshe ka dikinolo
go supa tota fa o tlhalogantse.
Tse ke tsone dintlha tse di ka go thusang go araba potso ya tlhaloso ya leboko.
Jaanong moithuti, sekaseka leboko le le filweng fa godimo mme o arabe potso e e
lateng:
Potso
Tlhalosa ka botlalo se mmoki a buang ka sone mo lebokong le. Dirisa dikinolo
le dikapuo go nonotsha karabo ya gago.
Ka mafoko a gago, tlhalosa se mmoki a buang ka sone mo lebokong le.
Nonotsha karabo ya gago ka dikinolo tse di lebaneng.
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Tsiboso: Moithuti, ke dumela fa o etse tlhoko dintlha tse di umakilweng kwa
tshimologong ya puisano e fa o araba potso e. Lebelela karabo ya gago mme o e
tshwantshe le e e mo karolong ya dikarabo.
Molaetsa wa Leboko
Leboko fela jaaka ditlhamo tse dingwe le fetisa thuto kana molaetsa kwa babading
kana bareetsi ba lone. Molaetsa wa leboko ke se mmoki a batlang go ruta babadi
kana bareetsi ba lone. Ke thuto e mmoki a e fetisang ka leboko la gagwe.
Go senola molaetsa, o tshwaetse go:
•
•
•
•
itse se se bokiwang
tlhaloganya leboko
lemoga lebaka la leboko / maikutlo
dirisa dikinolo go tlaleletsa mabaka a gago.
Potso
Bolela thuto e e tlhagisiwang mo lebokong le. Nonotsha karabo ya gago ka
dikinolo tse di lebaneng.
141 Ka mafoko a gago, tlhalosa se mmoki a buang ka sone mo lebokong la ‘Nyalo’.
Dirisa dikinolo tse di lebanyeng go nonotsha karabo ya gago.
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Maikutlo a Mmoki
Moithuti, bolela gore fa o oka utlwa gotwe o fentse tlhatlhobo ya gago ka maemo a
ntlha, o ka dira eng? Ba lelwapa la gago bone ba ka dira eng? Mabaka a tseo tsotlhe
e tla bo e le eng?
Karabo
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143 Ee! Go a itumedisa go utlwa fa o ka itumelela phenyo e. Boitumelo jwa ba lelwapa la
gago le jone bo a itumedisa ka ke thotloetso mo go ba bangwe go dira ka natla. Ke
ka moo mmoki le ene a tlhamang maboko a gagwe. O a bo a leka go rotloetsa, go
galaletsa, kana go kgala se a se bokang gore re ithute ka sone. Mme o dira se ka go
tlhagisa maikutlo a a supang ka fa a tseegang ka teng ka sebokiwa. Gantsi mmoki o
tlhagisa maikutlo a boitumelo, a a kgalaletso, kana a kutlobotlhoko, a tšhakgalo kana
a kgalo Moithuti, bala leboko le le fa godimo mme o bo o araba potso e e latelang.
Potso
Tlhalosa ka botlalo maikutlo a mmoki mo lebokong la “Nyalo”. Dirisa dikinolo
tse di lebanyeng go nonotsha karabo ya gago.
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144 Sekaseka karabo ya gago go netefatsa gore o arabile sentle. E tshwantshanye le e e
mo karolong ya dikarabo. Fa o sa dira sentle, leka gape, mme fa o dirile sentle go a
lebosega, go raya gore tema o a e sega moithuti.
Dikapuo le Puo
Moithuti, o tshwnatse go ele tlhoko gore le puo ka kakaretso ke ntlha ya botlhokwa
thata mo tshekatshekong ya poko. Puo e e dirisiwang ga se e tlhamaletseng, e re e
tlwaetseng ya letsatsi le letsatsi. Puo ya poko ke puo e e bofitlha, e e humileng
makgabisapuo. Gantsi e dirisa dikapuo tse di ntshang bokao ka go bapisetsa. Go re
o kgone go sekaseka leboko sentle, o tshwanetse go itse dikapuo tse. Dikapuo tse di
akaretsa; tshwantshanyo, tshwantshiso, mothofatso, phefofatso, pheteletso,
kobiso/ tlaopo, le poeletsomafoko. Fa o araba dipotso tsa poko, o tshwanetse go
kgona go senola dikapuo tse ka di botlhokwa thata mo go tlaleletseng le go
nonotsha dikarabo tsa gago.
Moithuti, thuto ya rona ya tlhamo e felela gone fa. Ke solofela fa o kgonne go
tlaleletsa kitso e o ntseng o na le yone ka dintlha tse ka jalo o tla kgona go dira
botoka mo tlhatlhobong ya gago ya padi, khutshwe, polelwana le poko. Tswelela o
ikatisa ka dipotso tsa ditlhatlhobo tse di fetileng, le go dirisa dipolelo le maboko a o
ka a bonang mo dibukeng tse dingwe le dipampiri tsa dikgang.
DIKARABO TSA DIPOTSO
Tse di amanang le ditiragalo tsa padi
1.
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa palo e, o itebagantse le se se di bakileng, marara
a nnileng teng, tlharabololo ya one le phelelo ya ditiragalo.
Ditiragalo tsa palo e di bakilwe ke go tlhoka go reetsa dikgakololo ga ga
Morekisi. Tiragalo e ke yone kgwetlho ka e bakile tlhoka kutlwisisano fa gare ga
ga Morekisi le tikologo e a nnang mo go yone.
Kgotlhang e e senoga ka re bona tikologo e sa amogele ditiro tse di
makgaphila tsa ga Morekisi. Re itemogela fa dilo tse Morekisi a di dirang di sa
diragale ka fa a eletsang ka teng ka batho ba a nnang le bone ba sa di
amogele. Re bona Morekisi a sa reetse dikgakololo tsa batsadi ba gagwe kwa
lwapeng. Fa rraagwe e bong Thabo a re o mo tsenya mo tseleng, e nna molato
e bile o tsaya gore o a mo kgokgontsha a bo a mo tshwantshanya le tsitsiri e e
tsileng go gopela mmaagwe.
Kgotlhang e tswelela fa Morekisi a supa botlhoka tsebe kwa sekoleng. Morekisi
ga a reetse barutabana ba gagwe. O tshwarwa kgapetsakgapetsa ka dilo tse di
sa letlelesegeng, mme ebile o lala le kwa dikgolegelong ntswa e le ngwana wa
sekole. O goga, motokwane, o nwa le majalwa. Le fa a sekisiwa le go
kgalemelwa gantsi, go lebega go tsena ka tsebe e nngwe mme go tswe ka e
nngwe ka ga a emise dilo tseo.
E ntse e le kwa sekolong, Morekisi le tsala ya gagwe Potlako ba amoga baithuti
ba bangwe ditsabone. Morekisi o ba tseela le dijo tota mme ba tshabe go mo
tlalea ka ba ne ba mmoifa. Ga go felele fa, ba utswela le bone barutabana tota
145 mme ba bo ba rekisetsa baithuti le batho kwa motseng dithoto tseo. Le ntswa a
kile a seegelwa kwa thoko mo sekoleng, ga a ithute sepe mo go seo.
Kgotlhang e, e boa e tswelela fa Morekisi le Potlako ba tlhorontsha le batho ba
motse. Ba ne ba kgothosa mme wa mogwebi ebong Norah megala ya letheka
e le mebedi le madi mme ba boa ba mo golafatsa ka thipa mo tiragalong e.
Kgotlhang e, e felela fa Morekisi le Potlako ba tshwarwa mme ga supega fa
Morekisi e le ene tshoso-e-rweleng. Ba ne ba seka, ba bo ba atlholwa go ya go
disa poo kwa kgolegelong ya banana ya Moshupa. Tiragalo e ke yone setlhoa
sa ditiragalo ka e araba dipotso tse babadi ba ntseng ba di ipotsa ka botshelo
jwa ga Morekisi.
Morago go tla mokgokolosa/ mafologelo fa Morekisi a tsweledisa dithuto tsa
gagwe kwa kgolegelong a bo a sokologa a bo a tlhomamisiwa mo kerekeng ya
Sabata. Morago o a gololwa a bo a thapiwa ke ba moepo wa Jwaneng. Kwa
bofelong o kopana le Lorato, ba bo ba nyalana mme ba segofadiwa ka bana ba
bararo, basimane ba babedi le mosetsana.
2.
Dirisa ditiragalo tsa palo e go supa ka fa di tsalanang ka teng/ Sekaseka
ditiragalo tsa palo e mme o supe ka fa di rotletsanang ka teng.
Morekisi o phuaganngwa ke rraagwe a sa/le monnye mme o godisiwa ke
mmagwe a le nosi. Mmaagwe o mo tshwara jaaka galase, selo se se dirang
gore a tswe mo tseleng. Morago mmaagwe, e bong Malebogo o nyalwa ke
morutabana Thabo yo o lekang go tsenya Morekisi mo tseleng mme ga nna
thata ka Malebogo a sa mo eme nokeng sentle.
Kwa sekoleng, botlhokatsebe jwa ga Morekisi bo mo kopanya le Potlako, di-yathoteng di bapile. Bokopano jo bo dira gore ba tswelela le ditiro tse maswe tsa
go nwa majalwa, go goga metokwane, go kgerisa baithuti ba bangwe le go
utswa. Ditiro tse di dira gore Morekisi a seegelwe fa thoko mo sekoleng nako
nngwe ka go lemogiwa e le ene tshoso-e-rweleng.
Go boeng koo, ba tsweledisa fa ba ne ng ba eme teng. Se se baka gore
batsadi ba bone ba bilediwe kwa sekoleng kgapetsakgapetsa go thusa go
kgalema mme ga go nko e tswng lemina. Se se gakadiwa segolobogolo ke
gore mmaagwe Morekisi ga a kgone go kgalema sentle ka a na le go
pepetletsa.
Go tlhaela kgalemo mo go dira gore Morekisi a dire go swela jaaka ba ne ba
kgothosa mme wa mogwebi e bong Norah, ba a mo gobatsa ba bo ba mo
tseela megala ya letheka le madi. Ka ntlha ya tiragalo e, ba ne ba tshwarwa, ga
lemogwa fa Morekisi e le ene modira dilo. Ba atlholwa go ya go disa poo kwa
kgolegelong ya banana kwa Moshupa.
Go ya kgolegelong mo go dira gore Morekisi a itharabologelwe a bo a ikage
seša. O tlhomamisiwa mo kerekeng ya Sabata a bo tsweledisa dithuto tsa
gagwe kwa kgolegelong a bo a dira sentle. Morago o a gololwa. Se se dira
gore a thapiwe ke ba moepo wa Jwaneng kwa a kopanang le Lorato teng. Ba
felela ba nyalana ba bo ba segofadiwa ka bana ba ba bararo, basimane ba
babedi le mosetsana.
146 3.
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa palo e mme o supe gore a di a dumelesega ebile
di a kgonagala.
Ee! Ditiragalo tse re di bonang mo palong e ke tse di diragalang mo botshelong
jwa setho jwa letsatsi le letsatsi, e bile di a dumelesega.
Ga go gakgamatse go bona Morekisi a sa reetse dikgakololo tsa batsadi le
barutabana ka jaana selo se se tlwaelesegile thata mo botshelong jwa malatsi
a. Mo mabakeng a mantsi, re bona bana bangwe ba itira bo thuntsebe ba sa
reetse dikgakololo mme gantsi se se felela se ba tsentse mo mathateng fela
jaaka Morekisi a ne a felela a le kwa kgolegelong jaana. Morekisi o ne a
ganana le dikgakololo tsa ga rraagwe mme a gopola fa a mo iphetlhela ka e se
rraagwe ka matsalo.
Ga go thona gape go bona Morekisi a le dinalanyana. Go tlhalosega fa
Morekisi a ne a amoga baithuti ba bangwe ditsabone kwa sekoleng. O ne a ba
tseela dijo le didirisiwa tse dingwe mme ba boifa go mo tlaleya kwa
barutabaneng ka a ne a itsege ka boganka. Se kgonagala e bile se a
dumelesega ka le jaana mo dikoleng tsa rona go na le baithuti bangwe ba ba
dirang dilo tsa go nna jaana e bile ba kgona go tsena le mo dikgolegelong.
Nnotagi le diritibatsi le tsone ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di tshwenyang thata mo
dikoleng. Puso, batsadi, le barutabana ba leka ka bojotlhe go tlhagisa bana ka
bodiphatsa jwa dilo tse, mme go a retela. Go buiwa ka dilo tse mo
diromamoweng le metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang go leka go ruta le go
kgalema bana ba ba tshwanang le bo Morekisi le bo Potlako ka bodiphatsa jwa
dilo tsa go nna jaana.
Ga go gakgamatse go bona Morekisi mo palong e, a amega mo go kgothoseng
a dirisa didirisiwa tse di borai. Morekisi le Potlako ba ne ba kgothosa mme wa
mogwebi, mme Norah ba bo ba mo golagatsa ka thipa e ntse e le baithuti. Se
se a diragala e bile se a dumelesega ka le mo malatsing a, go na le baithuti
bangwe ba ba amegang mo dikgannyeng tsa mofuta o, ba le mo mephatong e
e kwa tlase mme fela jaaka bo Morekisi, bangwe ba bone ba felela ba isitswe
kwa dikgolegelong.
Ditiragalo tse di amilweng mo tirong e jaaka re di bone ke dilo tse di diragalang
mo botshelong, ka jalo, ke ditiragalo tse di dumeleseng e bile di a kgonagala.
Tse di amanang le Baanelwa
1.
Morekisi o botlhokwa thata mo go tsweleleng ga ditiragalo tsa palo e.
Tlhalosa.
Morekisi o na le seabe se segolo mo tswelelong ya ditiragalo tsa palo e.
ditiragalo ka bontsi di dirwa ebile di diragalela ene. Fa e ne e se ka ene,
ditiragalo di ka bo di sa diragala ka tsela e di diragalang ka yone.
Morekisi o gotlhagotlhana le batsadi ba gagwe ka ntlha ya boganana le go
tlhoka go reetsa dikgakololo tsa bone. Morekisi o ne a sa itsee sentle kwa
sekoleng mme e ne e re rraagwe (Thabo) a re o a mo kgalema, go bo go tsoga
lesukasuka. Gatwe o ne a nyatsa Thabo ka e ne e se rraagwe wa matsalo. O
ne a mmona e le sekgoreletsi mo botshelong jwa gagwe le mmaagwe yo a
neng a mo tshola jaaka galase.
147 Morekisi o tsweledisa botlhokatsebe jwa gagwe kwa sekoleng jaaka a ne
tlhorontsha baithuti ba bangwe e bile a sa reetse barutabana. O ne a tseela
baithuti ba bangwe ditsabone, jaaka dijo le megala ya letheka, mme e re ba re
ba a bua a ba keteke, selo se se neng se dira gore ba mo tshabe lebaibai. Dilo
tse di ne di dira gore a nne fela a seka kwa diofising tsa botsamaisi kwa a neng
a otlhaiwa teng.
Jaaka ekete ga go a lekana, Morekisi o ne a nwa majalwa, a dirisa le diritibatsi
di tshwana le motokwane. Ditiro tse, di ne di dira gore batsadi ba gagwe ba nne
fela ka go bilediwa kwa sekoleng go ya go thusa go kgalema. Ditiro tse ke
tsone gape di neng di mmakela go lala kwa dikgolegelong le go seegelwa kwa
thoko mo sekoleng.
Gore Morekisi a felele a le kwa kgolegelong, ke ka ntlha ya botlhokatsebe jo
jwa gagwe. Morekisi le tsala ya gagwe Potlako ba ne ba kgothosa mme wa
mogwebi, Norah. Ba ne ba mo golagatsa ba bo ba mo amoga madi le megala
ya letheka. Ke ka ntlha ya tiragalo e, go bo re bona Morekisi a seka a bo a
atlholelwa kgolegelo, ka e bile a ne a bonwa e le ene tshosoerweleng mo
molatong o.
Ka mabaka a, re ka re ditiragalo tsa palo e ka bontsi di diragetse ka ntlha ya ga
Morekisi, ke ka moo re mo kayang a le botlhokwa fela thata mo go tsweleleng
ga tsone.
2.
Tlhalosa maikutlo a mokwadi wa palo e ka bana ba ba sa reetseng
dikgakololo jaaka Morekisi.
Mokwadi wa palo , o kgala bana ba ba tshwanang Morekisi ba ba sa reetseng
dikgakololo. O dirisitse ditsela di le mmalwanyana go senola maikutlo a.
Mokwadi o dirisitse botho go supa fa a sa beye sebete bana ba ba sa reetseng
dikgakololo tsa batsadi. O file Morekisi botho jo bo makgasa, jo bo sa
eletsegeng. O dira gore Morekisi a nne seganana se se boifiwang ke baithuti
ba bangwe. Morekisi o ne a sa kgathale ka tse a di dirang bana ba bangwe, a
ba amoga ditsabone jaaka dijo le didirisiwa tse dingwe mme e re fa ba
ngongorega a ba keteke. Mokwadi o dira se ka bomo go tlhobosa bana ba ba
tshwanang le Moreetsi.
Mokwadi o tswelela ka go dirisa puo go supa fa a sa eme nokeng bana ba
botho jwa bo Morekisi. O dirisa mafoko a motho mongwe le mongwe yo o
itlhaloganyang a ka se rateng go a tewa. O bolela fa Morekisi e ne e le
seganana, e le ntwadumela. Mokwadi o dirisa mafoko a a sa eletsegeng a go
supa fa e le ruri a kgala bana ba ba tshwanang le Moreetsi ba ba sa reetseng
batsadi.
Mokwadi o boa a dirisa tlaopo go sulafaletsa bana ba ba tshwanang le Morekisi
boitsholo jwa bone jo bo sa amogelesegeng. O tlhalosa fa Morekisi a ne a
ikutlwa e le ‘mong wa mmu’ mme nnete e le gore o ikgatlha ka ene ka re bona
a dira gore ‘mong wa mmu’ yo o kakaralang fa bangwe ba mo reta o tsene mo
mathateng ka ntlha ya ditiro tse di makgaphila tsa gagwe. Mokwadi o ne a
mmakisa go supegetsa bana ba ba tshwanang le ene fa tse tsotlhe di sa
busetse.
148 Mokwadi o feleletsa ka go betsa Morekisi ka kotlhao e e botlhoko go supa fa a
sa rate ditiro tsa botlhokatsebe. O dira gore Morekisi le tsala ya gagwe,
Potlako, ba kgothose mme wa mogwebi, Norah. Mo tiragalong e, ba gobatsa
mme yo ka thipa mme go bo go senoga fa Morekisi e le ene moanelwa mogolo.
Tiragalo e, e ba isa kwa kgolegelong kwa ba itharabologelwang ba le teng.
Mokwadi o dirisa phelelo e ka maikaelelo a go supegetsa bana fa tuelo ya
boleo e seke e nna monate.
Ka mabaka a, re bona fela sentle gore mokwadi wa palo e, o ne a dirisa ditsela
tse go supa fa a kgala ebile a sa rate bana ba ba sa reetseng dikgakololo.
3.
Fa o lebeletse ka fa mokwadi a senotseng Morekisi ka teng, a o bona a
kgonne go supa phetogo ya botho ka ene?
Ee! Mokwadi wa palo e o kgonne go supa phetogo ya botho jwa ga Morekisi.
Mokwadi o simolotse a mo supa ka botho jo bo sa siamang e bile bo sa
amogelesege mme a feleletsa ka go mo supa a ikagile. Mokwadi o supile
itharabologelo le kgolo ya moanelwa Morekisi.
Mokwadi o simolola ka go supa Morekisi e le ngwana yo o senang tsebe,
mokwadi o dira se ka go kaya fa Morekisi a ne a sa reetse fa a gakololwa ke
batsadi le barutabana ba gagwe. Gatwe e ne e re fa rraagwe (Thabo) a leka go
mo tsenya mo tseleng, go tsoge tlhatlharuane ka a ne a tsaya gore o a mo
tshwenya. Le barutabana e ne e re fa ba mo kgalemela kwa sekoleng, go bo
go tsena ka tsebe e nngwe go tswa ka e nngwe.
Mokwadi o tswelela a supa Morekisi e le seganana. O ne a kgerisa baithuti ba
bangwe, a ba amoga ditsabone di tshwana dijo le didirisiwa tse dingwe ntleng
ga tumelano. O ne a ba keteka fa ba leka go emelana le ene, selo se se neng
se dira gore ba mo tshabele mo `tlhareng sa mmitlwa. Go ne go sa felele fela
foo ka a ne a utswela le barutabana le batho ba motse.
Morekisi o supilwe gape ka boeleele. Mokwadi o supa fa a ne a inaakantse le
dilo tse di duleng mo tseleng jaaka diritibatsi le nnotagi a sa akanye
ditlamorago tsa tsone. Gatwe o ne a goga metokwane, a nwa majalwa a sa ele
tlhoko gore dilo tse di mo tlhoboganya le batsadi le botsamaisi jwa sekole jaaka
go supafala gore o ne a tshelela mo ditshekong, go lala mo ditoronkong le
gone go seegelwa fa thoko mo sekoleng.
Mokwadi o supa itharabologelo mo go Morekisi fa a lemoga gore o ipileditse
mathata ka ditiro tse di maswe fa a setse a le kwa kgolegelong. O ne a
atlholetswe kgolegelo morago ga go thukutha mme wa mogwebi, Norah.
Morago ga go itharabologelwa, mokwadi o supa fa a tlhalefile jaanong ka a ne
a ikaga, a tsena kereke mme a tsweledisa dithuto tsa gagwe gone kwa
kgolegelong.
O feleletsa a mo supa e le rre yo o nang le boikarabelo ka a ne a thapiwa ke ba
moepo wa Jwaneng kwa a neng a kopana le mosetsana Lorato teng. Ba felela
ba nyalana ba bo ba segofadiwa ka bana ba bararo mme ba tshela ka
boitumelo.
149 4.
Sekaseka ditiragalo tsa palo e, o bo o tlhalosa gore a ditiro tsa baanelwa
di tsamaelana le paka le lefelo tse di diragalelang mo go tsone.
Ditiro tsa baanelwa mo palong e, di tsamaelana le paka le lefelo tse di
diragalelang mo go tsone. Paka ke ya seša, mme lefelo lone ke toropo ya
Gaborone.
Mo dinakong tsa seša, segolobogolo kwa ditoropong, ga go gakgamatse go
bona bomme ba nyalwa ke borre ba ba botlana mo go bone ka matsalo. Ke
sone se Malebogo, mmaagwe Morekisi a nyetsweng ke Thabo yo mmotlana
mo go ene mme go siame fela. Ga go tshwane le nako tsa maloba, kwa
magaeng fa go dumelwa fa rre a tshwanetse go nna mogolo mo go mme fa a
mo nyala.
Mo pakeng tsa seša, kwa ditoropong, ke selo sa tlwaelo go bona bana ba itsaa
ka maitseo a a makgasa ka ba a tsaya mo dithelebišineng le mo bathong ba
ditšhaba di sele ba ba nnang le bone mo ditoropong. Re bona Morekisi e le
sekai sa bana ba, a le lenyatso mo batsading le barutabana ebile a sena
tlhong. Moreetsi o kgona go omana le rraagwe a bue le dilo tse di maswe ka
ene, selo se bana ba magae ba se boifang lebaibai ka ba rutilwe ka fa ba
tshwanetseng go bua le bagolo ka teng.
Dino le diritibatsi ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di tumileng thata mo baneng ba sesha,
segolobogolo mo ditoropong. Re utlwa go buiwa thata ka bana ba dikole ba ba
inaakantseng le dilo tse mo metsweding ya dikgang ka go farologana ga yone.
Ka jalo ga go thona go bona Morekisi a inaakantse le tsone ka a le mo
toropong kwa boitsholo jwa bana bo duleng mo tseleng mme se ebile se
tlwaelesegile.
Mo sešeng, segolo thata mo ditoropong bana bangwe le ba ba santseng ba le
mo dikoleng tota ba inaakantse le ditiro tsa borukuthi. Bana ba, ba utswela
baithuti ba bangwe, barutabana ba bo ba utswele le batsadi kwa malwapeng
dilo tse di farologaneng jaaka megala ya letheka, dikhomputara, dithelebišine
jalo jalo. Ka jalo ga go gakgamatse go bona Morekisi le tsala ya gagwe Potlako
mo palong e ba dira dilo tsa go nna jaana le gone go felela ba le kwa
kgolegelong tota.
Ke ka jalo re ka tlhomamisang gore ditiro tsa palo e di tsamaelana tota le paka
le lefelo tse di diragalelang mo go tsone.
5.
Ipee mo seemong sa ga Morekisi a sekaseka botshelo jwa gagwe a le kwa
kgolegelong mme o bue se o neng o ka se bua ka botshelo jwa gago go
tswa tshimologong go fitlha ka nako eo.
Ke le Morekisi, yo o tumileng ka leina la Rex, ke bua le lona jaana ka pelo e
botlhoko ka ke itlhakatlhakanyeditse botshelo ebile ke le mo kgolegelong jaana.
Ke ne ke tshela sentle, batsadi bame ba ntirela tse ke di tlhokafalang go ka nna
le isago e e galalelang mme ka senya tseo tsotlhe ka botlhokatsebe. Ke ne ke
ithaya ke re ke botlhale, ke sa reetse batsadi fa ba nkgakolola. Fa e le rre, ke
ne ke mo nyatsa, ke sa mo reetse gotlhelele segolobogolo ka a le monnye mo
go mme ebile e se rre ka matsalo. E ne e re fa a leka go nkgakolola, go tsoge
kgaruru, mme mme le ene a palelwe ke go kgalema ka a ne a itlwaeditse
mokgwa o maswe wa go mpepetletsa, selo se se ntshentseng le go feta.
150 Kwa sekoleng le gone baithuti ka nna ba ne ba utlwa ka nna. Ke ne ke ba
kgerisa, ke ipona ke le ‘ngwenya’. Ke ne ke ba jela dijo, ke ba amoga le
ditsabone mme ba sa bue sepe. Go ne go se ope wa bone yo o ka lorang go
ntlaleya ka ba ne ba itse se e tla bo e le go itlhatlaganyetsa magala tlhogong,
ke ne ke rena e le ruri, mme ba ba ‘ntlotlang’ ba nthete nna Rex.
Ke ne ke dira boganana jo jotlhe. Ke ne ke utswela barutabana le baithuti mme
ke rekise dilo tse ke di utsuleng. Bojalwa ke ne ke bonwa, metsoko le
metekwane e ke goga ke ithaya ke re ke bokwete. Ke ne ke tshelela mo
ditshekong, ke lala le kwa ditoronkong, ke seegelwa fa thoko mo dithutong
mme tse tsotlhe di sa ntire sepe ka ke ne ke le tlhogo e thata.
Jaaka e kete ga go a lekana, ke ne ke tlhorontsha le mo motseng. Ke ne utswa
ditsabatho le tsone ke di rekise gore ke kgone go reka metekwane le majalwa.
Ga go a ya gope, nako nngwe, pele ke ka kwala tlhatlhobo ya makgaolakgang,
nna le tsala yame Potlako ra kgothosa mme wa mogwebi. Ke ne ka mo
golagatsa ka thipa mme ra tsaya madi le megala ya letheka. Re ne ra lelelwa
ke ditshipi jaaka ke bua le lona ka kutlobotlhoko jaana ke le mo kgolegelong.
Mme legale dilo ke di itirile!
Waitse! Ke utlwa e kete ke ka fiwa sebaka go ya go ipaakanya le go simolola
seša. Ke boa ke gopola mafoko a batsadi a a reng, ‘maikotlhao ke ngwana wa
morago’.
Potso ya molaetsa/ thuto ya padi, khutshwe kana polelo
1.
Tlhalosa molaetsa wa palo e./ Bolela se o se ithutileng mo palong e.
Molaetsa wa palo e, o ka tlhagisiwa ke seane se se reng ‘ngwana yo o sa
utlweng molao wa batsadi o utlwa wa manong’. Se se raya gore ngwana yo o
sa reetseng dikgakololo tsa batsadi o felela a tsena mo mathateng. Molaetsa o,
re o senolelwa ke Morekisi.
Morekisi ga a na tlotlo mo batsading ba gagwe le mo barutabaneng. Se o se
supa ka go sa reetsa dikgakololo tsa batsadi ba gagwe fa ba mo gakolola go
itshola sentle. Se se senoga fa a gogagogana le rraagwe ebong morutabana
Thabo nako tsotlhe fa a leka go mo tsenya mo tseleng. Mokwadi o supa fa a ne
a nyatsa Thabo e bile a tsaya gore Thabo ke ntsi e e okilweng ke boladu ka
mmaagwe a ne a itsholetse.
Kwa Ledumang, Morekisi o kopana le mmata, Potlako mme ga go ise go ye
gope ke fa ba setse ba otlhaelwa melato ka go farologana e akaretsa go goga
metokwane, metsoko le go nwa majalwa. Mokwadi o supa fa barutabana ba ne
ba leka ka ditsela tsotlhe go ba tsenya mo tseleng segolobogolo ka e ne e le
bana ba ba botlhale mo thutong mme go retela. Morekisi o ne a seegelwa kwa
thoko mo sekolong ka ntlha ya ditiro tse di maswe tse ka go ne go lemogiwa fa
e le ene a di gogang kwa pele, mme a nna a ntse a pala.
Jaaka ekete ga go a lekana, Morekise gape o ne a tshwenya le go
kgokgontsha baithuti ba bangwe, a ba tseela ditsabone, a ba betsa. Mokwadi o
supa fa a ne a ba tseela dijo le didirisiwa tse dingwe kwa ntle ga ditumelano le
bone, mme ba ne ba boifa go mo tlaleya. Gatwe o ne a tshabega lebaibai mo e
151 neng e re a feta baithuti ba didimale, ba re o tloga a re ba bua ka ene, ba
tsenye ditlhogo fa ba bangwe bone ba mo reta.
Kwa bofelong, Morekisi le tsala ya gagwe Potlako ba ne ba tsweledisa
boganana jwa bone le kwa ntle ga sekole. Ba ne ba kgothosa mme wa
mogwebi wa marekisetso a bojalwa ebong Norah. Mo tiragalong e, ba ne ba
mo gobatsa, ba mo tseela megala ya letheka le madi mme tsatsi le ya bo e se
la bone ka ba ne ba lelelwa ke ditshipi.
Ka ntlha ya tiragalo e, Morekisi le Potlako ba ne ba seka, ba bonwa molato
mme ba atlholwa go ya go disa poo. Ba ne ba simolola go ikotlhaya, ba lemoga
fa e le ruri ditiro tse di bosula di sa busetse, mme ga bo go setse go le thari ka
ba ne ba senyegetswe ke sekole.
KAROLO YA POKO
1.
Ka mafoko a gago, tlhalosa se mmoki a buang ka sone mo lebokong la
‘nyalo’. Dirisa dikinolo tse di lebanyeng go nonotsha karabo ya gago.
Mo lebokong le, mmoki o bua ka lenyalo. O tlhalosa fa lenyalo le tshwaraganya
batho ba le babedi mme le ba fetole go nna ekete ke motho a le mongwe ka ba
tla bo ba tshwaraganela botshelo. O kaya gore mo lenyalong, go tshwanetse
ga nna le lorato, ka fa go ntse jalo lenyalo le tla nna thata go ka tshabelelwa ke
mehoholela. O dirisitse sekapuo sa tshwantshiso go supa ka fa nyalo e e
nosediwang ka lorato e leng thata ka teng fa a re;
Ke mogala o o sa kgaogeng fela
Tlou le nare di gogana o ka se kgaoge
O tswelela ka go supa lenyalo e le selo se se laolwang ke lorato fela le a le
kayang e le ‘morongwa’ wa nyalo ebile a re ‘ga le na kgethololo ya mmala le
khumo’. Mmoki o dirisa mafoko a go gatelela gore fa o rata motho, ga o
kgathale ka ditebego tsa gagwe le gore o ka tswa a na le eng. Ka jalo, se se
nosetsa lenyalo gore le seka la reketla, la tloga la phatlakana.
Mmoki o tswelela ka go supa fa nyalo e sa batle metsenelela. A re fa go nnang
le metsenelela, le gone go reetsa dikgang tsa batho go a senyega. O dirisa
sekapuo sa tshwantshiso fa are, ‘…ke seboko sefetlha ntshe’. O dirisa mafoko
a go supa tshenyo e e ka tlang ka metsenelela mo lenyalong. Ka se o leka go
tlhagisa banyalani go ikgathosa metsenelela le tse ba tlang ka tsone.
Mmoki o wetsa ka go supa fa go na le diphetogo tse di amileng nyalo le
ditsamaiso tsa yone mo malatsing a. O tlhalosa fa bogologolo batsadi ba ne ba
na le seabe se se tseneletseng mo mererong ya manyalo a bana ba bone mme
gompieno se, se fetogile ka bana ba itseela ditshwetso tsotlhe tsa lenyalo. O
boa a supa fa nyalo e bile e sa tlhole e tshwana le ya maloba ka ebile
gompieno go tletse ditlhalano tse di seng kana ka sepe. Se se gatelelwa ke
temana ya bofelo e mafoko a yone a reng:
Rona baša ra re pelo e ja serati
Ke rata khai fa ke e itheketse
Fa e ntena ke e beele fale
152 E jewe ke mmoto ke sa e kgome
Ke rekile e nngwe go kgatlhisa ditsala
2.
Tlhalosa ka botlalo maikutlo a mmoki mo lebokong la ‘Nyalo’. Dirisa
dikapuo tse di lebanyeng go nonotsha karabo ya gago.
Mo lebokong le, mmoki o boka a itumetse ka re bona a galaletsa e bile a
tlotlomatsa nyalo. Mmoki o tlotlomatsa nyalo ka o e kaya ka dilo tse dintle. O
supa fa e golaganya batho ebile e le selo se se eletsegang mo matshelong a
batho. O supa boitumelo jo le go galaletsa ka go dirisa tshwantshiso fa a re:
Nyalo e pataganya bobedi go dira bongwe
Ke tlhale e e rokang fa go thata
Ke mogala o o sa kgaogeng fela.
O tswelela ka go rotloetsa banyalani go ikaega ka lorato gore manyalo a bone
a atlege. O tlhalosa fa lorato e le lone konokono mo lenyalong. O mothofatsa
lorato a bo a le bitsa ‘morongwa wa nyalo’ go rotloetsa lenyalo mme e bile a
batla gore banyalani ba tshwaragane le go feta go itsa difawa tse di ka ba
welang. O gatelela gore fa go nang le lorato, motho ga a kgathale ka sepe se
sengwe jaaka ditebego le tse motho a nang le tsone.
Go supa boitumelo, le go rotloetsa nyalo, mmoki o tswelela ka go gakolola
banyalani go ikgapha mo metseneleleng le dikgang tsa batho tse di ba
senyetsang boitumelo jo ba tshelelang mo go jone jwa nyalo. O sulafaletsa ba
ba ka akanyang go tsietsa ka go dirisa tshwantshiso go sotla fa a re;
Wa boraro a tsena ke seboko sefetlha ntšhe
Metsenelela ga e na sepe se se phepha
O dira se go kgalema bofafalele jo bo ka felelang bo kgotlela boitumelo jo bo
neng bo tlisitswe ke nyalo gareng ga banyalani.
Mo temaneng ya bofelo, mmoki o kgothatsa banyalani go dira dilo sentle, ka fa
tsamaisong le thulaganyo go itsa go tsena mo dipharagobeng tsa tlhalano. O
gakolola bana go letla batsadi go nna le seabe mo manyalong a bone gore
nyala ya bone e tie e bo e itshetlele.
3.
Bolela thuto e e tlhagisiwang mo lebokong le. Nonotsha karabo ya gago
ka dikinolo tse di lebanyeng.
Mmoki wa leboko le o tlhagisa molaetsa wa gore nyalo ke selo sa botlhokwa e
bile e tshwanetse go ilelwa le go tlotlwa. O kaya botlhokwa jwa yone ka a
tlhalosa fa e tshwaraganya batho mme e ba fetole go nna selo se le sengwe. O
tswelela ka go supa fa go le thata gore fa batho ba nyalane ba kgaogane. O
supa seo ka ditsela tse di farologaneng jaaka a dirisa setshwantsho sa
diphologolo tse di tona go supa gore fa nyalo e kitlantswe ke lorato e nna nyalo
tota.
Mmoki o tswelela a supa fa nyalo e le botlhokwa a re e kgontsha motho dilo tse
a ne a ka se di fitlhelele fa e seyo. O file sekai ka polelwana ya ga Samesone
mo baebeleng. A re le siame thata ka jaana ga le tlhaole. O supa se fa a re ‘ga
le na kgethololo ya mmala le khumo’. Ka mafoko a, o gakolola babadi kana
153 bareetsi ba leboko le gore lenyalo le tie, go tshwanetse ga nna le lorato
magareng ga banyalani. Se se ka dira gore lenyalo la bone le lowe le bo le
tswe maungo a a eletsegang.
O boa a senola botlhokwa jwa nyalo fa a rotloetsa batho go ilela le go sireletsa
manyalo a bone. A re fa ba letlelela ‘motho wa boraro’ go ba tsena ka bogare,
le fa ba ka reetsa dikgang tsa batho ba di tsenya mo lwapeng la bone, se se ka
felela se ba tlhakatlhakanyetsa boitumelo jo ba tshelelang mo go jone. O
gatelela se ka tshwantshiso fa a re;
Bobedi fa bo sena go ikana
Ga go batlege leotwana la boraro
E se pitsana ya maoto mararo
Wa boraro a tsena a tswa seboko sefetlha ntšhe
Go supa fa nyalo e tswa kgakala e tlotlwa e bile e le botlhokwa, o tlhalosa fa e
ne e etelelwa ke batsadi. O gatelela fa ba ne ba le botlhokwa thata mo
mererong ya lenyalo ka ba ka thusa bana go tsaya ditshwetso tse di ka ba
thusang go aga malwapa a a sa reketleng. O tlhagisa bana ka go ikgatholosa
tsamaiso ka go felela go nna le dikgogakgogano jaaka re bona go le ditlhalano
mo malatsing a.
Ka dintlha tse, mmoki o ne a leka go supa botlhokwa jwa lenyalo. O ne gape a
gakolola banyalani go ilela le go tlotla lenyalo go itsa ditlhalano tse re bonang
dipalo tsa tsone di gola mo malatsing a segompieno.
154