B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Part I: The Cell Cycle, After you have completed the card sort, draw a picture and explain the cell activities in each of the stages below. The cell cycle stages are in order and already named for you. Cell Cycle Stage Picture Cell Activities 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. Telophase 6. Cytokinesis 1 B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Part I: The Cell Cycle, continued 1. Describe the basic structure of a nucleotide _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. In DNA, Adenine always bonds with Thymine and Guanine always bonds with Cytosine A T G C If a DNA strand is the following, explain how the DNA is replicated during the S phase of mitosis _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain how you determined how to place the cards in order. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. During which cell cycle stage(s) do you think the cell is actively dividing? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 5. Some organisms use the cell cycle for reproduction. What type of reproduction? How do you know it is this type? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2 B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Part II: The Cell Cycle Stages Examine the microscope slides and complete the table below. Slide Cell Cycle Stage 1 Interphase 2 Prophase (Prepare) 3 Metaphase (middle) 4 Anaphase (Away) 5 Telophase (Two) Sketch Clues Number on Slide posted Percent overall Total Cells: ________ 3 B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Part II: The Cell Cycle Stages, continued 1. Explain what must happen before a cell is ready to begin the process of mitosis. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the function of centromeres, and how are they important in nuclear division? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. At what phase of the cell cycle are chromatids considered complete chromosomes? Why is this important? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. During telophase, describe what distinguishes the process of cytokinesis. Why is this important? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 5. Are parent cells and daughter cells involved in mitosis considered haploid or diploid? What does this mean? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4 B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Part III: Disruptions in the Cell Cycle 1. What may be a bad consequence for the cell cycle if one of the regulatory signals fails? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is a tumor? Describe the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain the role that certain environmental factors may have in the process of unregulated cell division. Provide an example to support your response. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is cancer? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 5. What processes may trigger the development of a cancer cell? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 6. Explain the ways in which cells from a tumor may spread to other parts of the body. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 5 B.L 16.8 and 16.14 Mitosis Reflections and Conclusions 1. Why is the cell cycle important? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is it important for the DNA in a cell to be completely replicated prior to cell division? How does this help the cell cycle maintain chromosomal numbers? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. How might mutations affect the cell cycle? Be specific. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the relationship between mutations, the cell cycle, and cancer? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 6
