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Operation and
maintenance manual for
liquid immersed PadMounted Transformers
Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Table Content
Tank pressure- Tightness........................................ 20
Important safety information ................................. 4
Internal inspection ................................................. 20
Important information about this manual ............. 5
Shipping ................................................................ 21
1.
4.
Pad-mounted transformers............................. 6
Oil level inspection ................................................ 20
Manipulation ................................................ 22
Generalities .............................................................. 6
Lifting of the transformer....................................... 22
Radial feed Pad-mounted .......................................... 6
Forklift .................................................................. 23
Loop feed Pad-mounted ........................................... 6
Pulling ................................................................... 23
Modified Loop Feed Pad-mounted ............................ 7
Jack ....................................................................... 23
Single-phase Pad-mounted ....................................... 7
5.
2.
Technical description ...................................... 8
Long time storage.................................................. 24
Core ......................................................................... 8
Location ................................................................ 24
Windings .................................................................. 8
6.
Accessories .............................................................. 8
Before energization ............................................... 25
High-voltage bushings .............................................. 8
Test on site ............................................................ 25
Low-voltage bushings............................................... 9
Points to check before energization........................ 26
Oil level indicator ................................................... 10
7.
Oil temperature indicator (Optional) ....................... 10
Cold Start Procedure .............................................. 30
Load breaker .......................................................... 10
8.
Expulsion fuses ...................................................... 11
Operating conditions. ............................................ 31
Current-limiting fuses ............................................. 13
Temperature.......................................................... 31
Insulation fuses ...................................................... 13
Altitude of the installation...................................... 31
Thermomagnetic circuit breaker (opcional) ............. 13
Load under no nominal conditions. ........................ 32
Tap changer ........................................................... 14
Maintenance tests ................................................. 33
Pressure relief valve................................................ 15
Description of supervision and maintenance work .. 33
Drain and oil sampling valve ................................... 15
9.
Ground Pads or screws ........................................... 15
Tightening Torque ................................................. 37
Vacuum pressure gauge (optional) ......................... 15
Health, safety and environment ............................. 39
Nameplate ............................................................. 15
During the design phase ........................................ 39
Insulating liquids .................................................... 16
During the Purchasing phase.................................. 39
Tank....................................................................... 17
During the Production and Service phase ............... 39
Radiators ................................................................ 17
Final disposition of the transformer’s materials....... 39
Surface Proteccion.................................................. 17
Spare parts ............................................................ 40
Sensformer® Connectivity Device ........................... 17
Warranty ............................................................... 41
3.
10. Attachments.................................................. 42
Reception ...................................................... 19
Storage ......................................................... 24
Installation ................................................... 25
Commissioning............................................. 29
Operation ..................................................... 31
Maintenance ................................................ 36
Shock indicator / impact recorder ........................... 19
Drawings and documents ....................................... 19
External inspection ................................................. 19
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Important safety information
You must read this manual carefully before proceeding
with the processes of transportation, installation,
storage, operation and maintenance of the equipment.
Siemens Energy transformers manage dangerous
voltages for the human being. Not following the
instructions present on this manual could cause several
injuries, death or damage to the property. The safety
use of the equipment depends of the properly practices
of installation, operation, transportation, storage and
maintenance.
The staff must not try to manipulate the equipment
while this is energized, to do it, the equipment must be
disconnected, and all the terminals must be properly
grounded. Only qualified staff should do the processes
of installation, maintenance and operation of the
equipment. The qualified staff are those people who
were trained to install, maintein and operate high
voltage equipments and to know the appropriate use
of the personal protective equipment (gloves, helmet,
dielectric boots and safety glasses) in the same way,
this people must have been trained to practice first aid
procedures. All the general safety guidelines, the
regulations and the specific legislation for the
installation place must be fulfilled without exception as
well as the guidelines described in this user manual for
every life cycle of the transformer. This service
instructions include important signs of danger,
warning and precaution that must be considered by
the user.
This transformer has been designed exclusively for the
purpose described in this user manual. It is not allowed
any other use that was not planned. If the described
safety guidelines are not followed, Siemens Energy
Colombia will not asumme any kind of guarantee or
responsibility.

Incorrect operation of the tap changer

High pressures

Fatal voltages

Dangerous atmospheres

Mobile machinery

Heavy components
The specialized staff must have the related
certifications and autorizations to realize these jobs
and should get used to the manage of transformers
and the safety regulations of this user manual.
Warning signs
Indicates an imminent risk situation which, if not
avoided, will result in death, several injuries and
damage to the property.
Indicates a potential risk situation which, if not
avoided, could result in death, several injuries and
damage to the property.
The transportation, installation, launch, operation,
maintenance and final disposition of the transformer is
only allowed for specialized staff. It is recommendable
that the local energy enterprise staff supervise these
procedures.
During the installation, operation and maintenance of
the transformer, unsafe potential situations could
present such as:
Version 3
Indicates a potential risk situation which, if not
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injuries
and damage to the property.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Important information about this manual
This service manual must be maintained available for
those who are responsible for the activities of
installation, operation and service of the transformer.
The information included in this document have as
main purpose be a general guide for the installation
and the operation for the Siemens Energy
transformers when these are use in typical
applications and normal ambient conditions. Even
though every effort has been made to guarantee
accurate
and
complete
information,
these
instructions are not directed to specific situations that
could present. The information presented in this
document could not be for every type of transformer.
Standard or optional features can be modified
without notice.
Siemens Energy does not assume any responsibility
for the integrity, veracity, competence, and utility of
this manual. Questions about the installation,
operation or maintenance process (particularly when
unusual situations or specific circumstances that are
not cover by this manual arise) should be directed to
the Siemens Energy Transformers Division.
For every necessary task during the life cycle of
the transformer only specialized staff with the
relevant information and enough experience in
the manage of transformers and knowledge of
the guidelines, prescriptions, dispositions and
accident prevention regulations validated for
every case should be employed.
It is necessary to check means of tie (wires,
chains, hooks) and of lifting (raise bridges,
crossbeams) before the use. Is is only allowed to
use lifting means that are approved and
certificate.
Before starting any work with the transformer, it
is to necessary apply “The 5 rules of safety”:
1. Disconnect the power
2. Prevent a reconnection
3. Verify that is free of voltage
4. Verify that is properly grounded and short
circuit
5. Cover up the components that are under
charged
To avoid damages in the equipment it is not
allowed to tie the raise points to the transformer
components, like the air terminal bushings or the
tank. It is necessary to be aware of the
transformer pictograms!
The prescriptions and dispositions valid in the
country of use of the transformer should be
considered, besides all the user manuals of the
used merchandise.
It is indispensable to read withpout exception
every security indication included in this user
manual.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
1. Pad-mounted transformers
Generalities
The Pad-mounted transformer provides electric
service to underground distribution systems, where
there is circulation of people and/or where the
available space does not permit the set up of a
conventional substation. The transformer is designed
to be mounted outdoors on a pedestal.
The Pad-mounted transformer consists in a tank with
compartments for the bushings of high and low
voltage, the compartments are in the front side of the
tank and are separated by a metal barrier or another
rigid material. It has two doors mechanically locked
up that just give access to the high voltage
compartment when the door of the low voltage
compartment is open. As main characteristics it is
important to highlight that these are dead-front
equipments, a complete unit and that are
autoprotected.
There are generally the following feed type
configurations: radial Pad-mounted, Loop feed Padmounted, modified Loop feed Pad-mounted and
single-phase
Pad-mounted.
Pad-mounted
transformers design is based on IEEE Std C57.12.34
standard and the use under the “usual service
conditions” described in IEEE Std C57.12.00 standard.
All the other conditions are considered outside the
usual service and should be avoided.
Loop feed Pad-mounted
In the Loop feed type configuration, the primary
power terminals are six or more insulators, with a 4position switch disconnector that are arranged to
allow that similar transformers or another kind of
charges keep being powered by the primary supply
system without interruption, even when the
transformer is out of operation.
Radial feed Pad-mounted
In the radial feed type configuration, the high voltage
circuit culminates at the powered transformer
terminals. Therefore, this configuration has just three
bushings on the high voltage side and 2-position
switch disconnector.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Modified Loop Feed Pad-mounted
The modified Loop Feed configuration is applied in
elevator transformers where the output on the HV
side can be carried out by any of the two rows of
bushings. The two-position switch disconnector
normally only isolates the active part of the
transformer. In this configuration the de-energization
of the HV side is carried out upstream by means of
sectioning cells.
The protections used are agreed between the
manufacturer and the customer. The configuration of
the transformer and reference of the protections must
be consulted on the nameplate and general
dimensions drawing.
Single-phase Pad-mounted
Single-phase,
self-cooled,
Pad-mounted,
compartmental-type distribution are rated 250 kVA
and smaller with high voltages of 34.500 GrdY/19.920
V and below for operation between one phase and
grounded neutral and low voltage of 480/240 V and
below. These transformers are generally used for stepdown purposes from an underground primary cable
supply. There are two configurations, radial or loop
feed, according the terminal arrangements.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
2.
Technical description
Every transformer has its own construction
specifications, accessories and characteristics, these
are detailed in the transformer outline and in the
drawings listed on the transformer nameplate.
Pad-mounted transformers can be equipped with a
variety of optional equipments. Most of these
accessories are installed at the factory and it is not
necessary any kind of work on site to prepare them to
operate.
This manual contains a brief description of the typical
components of a transformer provided by Siemens
Energy Colombia, however that not indicates that
every transformer has all the components described
here, Siemens Energy guarantee that the components
included with the transformer are the requested by the
purchase order and that the offer is the optimal
solution according to the user requirements.
The user must identify which of the following
components apply for the provided transformer.
The provided transformer has the components
agreed in the negotiation.
NAMEPLATE: It is obligatory for the user to check
the nameplate information of the provided
transformer.
Wounded core
The sliced sheets are rolled through loops with
minimun inter-irons, this piece is subjected to a heat
treatment to orient the grain, it is formed by groups to
facilitates the assembly.
Stacked core
Stacked cold rolled oriented grain silicon steel sheets
with inorganic insulation in both faces. The joints
between the limbs and the yokes are overlapped by
packages by the step lap method, to achieve minimun
no load losses and noises while the transformer is
being operated.
Windings
For wounded type core normally are fabricated rectangular
windings, and for stacked type core normally are fabricated
two types of windings, oval and circular. The windings are
placed in a concentric way between them, sometimes the
secondary winding is places concentric over the primary
windings or vice versa.
If it is requested, the windings can be equipped with a shield
sheet properly grounded. The winding conductors can be
high purity conductive materials, round, flat or in form of foil.
The conductors could be without insulation or can be
insulated with enamel or paper.
Accessories
Accessories are an important part of the
transformer because they help to prevent several
accidents in case of an internal or external failure.
High-voltage bushings
Core
It is constructed by magnetic steel sheets, which are an
oriented grain cold rolled silicon alloy.
There can be two manufacturing technology types.
Version 3
The high-voltage bushings fulfill the requierments
stablished by the IEEE Std 386 and EN50180 standards.
It facilitates the connection between de active part and
the transmission line. There are mainly two forms of
connection: The first with a bushing well where an
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
insert connector enters; the second, one-piece bushing
(Integral). In both cases, the connectors material is
insulating epoxy.
Both configurations allow the connection of the cables
of the transmission lines through insulating epoxy or
similar elbows connectors.
One-Piece Bushing (Integral)
According to the voltage level, insulation level and
current required, one-piece polymeric insulators are
used to be installed in the wall of the tank and
arranged to receive Loadbreak elbow type connectors,
“T” elbows, grounding elbow connectors, among
others.
Bushing Well
The bushing well is a device that facilitates the
connection between the transformer active part and
the transmission line through the corresponding
inserts.
The bushing well is attached to the side part of the
tank and has a compartment where the interphase
bushing well insert is inserted to connect the terminal
to the loadbreak elbow.
Loadbreak Elbow
Bushin Well Inserts
These connectors are useful as the interphase to realize
the connection between the bushing well and the
loadbreak elbow.
The Loadbreak elbow allows to connect the cable of
the high voltage supply connection to the bushing
insert interphase insulator connector.
Low-voltage bushings
The secondary voltage windings are connected in the
transformer according to the defined vector group and
it is guided outside of the transformer through cables
to the transformer cover/tank through the bushings.
They can be dry type or if it is requested by the
customer, they can be epoxy, resin or polymer
material.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Load breaker
The cantilever load must not exceed the bushings
load. Heavy loads can cause damage to the
bushings.
In the three-phase transformers the load breaker are
submerged in oil and are in the high-voltage section.
For single-phase transformers the sectionalization
must be carried out by means of separable insulated
elbow connectors type of operation on load.
Oil level indicator
Pad- mounted transformers have an oil level viewer
type located in the low-voltage compartment.
Optional, when it is requested by the customer, it can
be installed a magnetic type liquid level indicator.
The nameplate must be checked to determine if
the switch disconnector is capable to operate on
load.
Voltage and current limits specified in the
nameplate must not be exceded.
Generally, the three-phase transformer load breaker
are to operate on load and according to the
functionality there are two types:
a. Load breaker for radial operation: this switch
disconnector has two positions (open/close)
and can be used to energize or to de-energize
the transformer.
Oil temperature indicator (Optional)
The temperature liquid indicator is used to indicate the
highest temperature of the liquid of the transformer.
The design of the temperature indicator allows to
change the indicator whithout getting access to the
inside of the tank and to get low the oil level.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
b. Load breaker for loop feed opeation: this
switch disconnector can be of four positions or
it can be composed of two load breaker with
two positions each one and independent
handles. This switch disconnector is used to
interrupt or to cotinue the supply line, in which
two or more Transformers (loop feed) are
connected, it can also insulate each
transfomer from the loop for failures in the
same or in the power cables for maintenance
or replacement.
remain insulated and de-energized of the power
supply.
Expulsion fuses
This fuse operates in case of a low internal current
failure and/or in case of a low-voltage grid failure.
If your transformer is not provided with a secondary
switch, your equipment must be integrated with a
double element fuse bay-o-net type of internal
operation. If your transformer is provided with a
secondary switch, then it must be integrated with a
single element fuse.
The bay-o-net fuse is a dead-front device which can
interrupt the load and it is powered by a live-line tool
(insulated switch hook stick). This type of fuse is in
the high-voltage compartment over the high-voltage
bushings. Before energizing the bay-o-net fuse make
sure that this is correctly hooked at its place.
The four-position switch disconnector can only turn
around in the clockwise direction, while the twoposition switch disconnector can turn around in both
directions.
Loop feed operation transformers:
The load breaker of this equipments have metallic
plates that indicates the positions, open or close, in the
“A” line and in the “B” line, apart from the direction of
the operation handles.
The loop feed operation trasnformers have two
bushings for each high-voltage phase. For example,
the three-phase transformers have three bushings in
the A line indentified as H1A, H2A and H3A and three
bushings in the B line indentified as H1B, H2B and H3B.
In that case the transformer can have the next
positions:
DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION OR
ARC FLASH
The action of a fuse may indicate a damaged
transformer. Do not replace the fuse until the
cause of its action has been identified and
rectified.
The non-compliance of this instruction may result
in death, serious injuries or damage to the
equipment.
Postion 1: A line and B line in “close” position. This
position allows the supply to the adjacent transformers
in the loop.
Position 2: A line in “close” position and B line in “open”
position. In this position only the A line of the loop is
connected to the windings of the transformer.
Position 3: A line in “open” position and B line in “close”
position. In this position only the B line is connected to
the windings of the transformer.
Position 4: A line and B line in “open” position. In this
position both sides of the loop (A and B line) are
connected, whereby the windings of the transformer
Version 3
These fuses are formed by a protective casing and a
removable cartridge where the fuse is installed. The
fuse should be replaced manually once it has operated.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Case
Cartridge and fuse
Procedure for fuse replacement:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Release the air preassure which has accumulated
in the tank before removing the fuse (Operate the
pressure relief valve, pulling the ring, to remove
the internal pressure).
e.
Use a slotted screwdriver or another tool to
facilitate removal of the connector.
f.
Use a 3/4” wrench to remove the damaged fuse
from the cartridge.
g.
Place the new fuse in the cartridge and tighten to
between 50 and 70 pounds-inch.
h.
Perform the same procedure to replace the
connector and tighten to between 50 and 70
pounds-inch.
i.
Reinstall the fuse. Place the cartridge within the
case and slide it until it stops, then turn it 90
degrees anticlockwise direction to allow to hook
the cartridge with the case.
Press downwards and turn the handle 90 degrees
clockwise direction.
Extract the fuse 150 mm (6 inches) approximately
and allow the oil to drain before completely
removing it.
Use a 3/4”and a 1/2” wrenches to remove the
connector from the end of the removable
cartridge.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
To replace the removable current-limiting fuse from
the outside, it must be do it in the next way:
a. Place the radial disconnector in the open
position to de-energized the transformer and
unlock the fuse holders.
b. Release the internal pressure of the
transformer pulling the ring of the pressure
relief valve.
c.
Place the switch hook stick and hooked to the
fuse holder.
The fuses must operate within their nominal values.
The spare fuses must be of the same voltaje and
equivalent time-current characteristics to the original
fuses.
d. Pull until completely take out the fuse.
Current-limiting fuses
f.
It is a fuse with high breaker capacity and it can be of
complete or partial coverage according to the specified
requirements. It operates in case of an internal failure
of the transformer or in case of high currents in the
primary side to protect the distribution system or the
power supply system.
The internal partial range current-limiting fuse is used
in conjunction with a low current interruption device,
as well as a protective fuse link or bay-o-net fuse. It is
installed in the inside of the transformer and can be
replaced through the handhole or through the main
cover, consequently the diagnosis, device repairing
and fuses replacement, should be in a specilized
workshop.
The partial range fuse is designed to clear low
impedance (high current) failures, with the expulsion
fuse clearing all the high impedance and overcharge
failures.
e. Replace the fuse with a new one with the
same characteristics.
Insert the fuse in its place again, pushing until
the correct position.
Insulation fuses
In some transformers this fuse does not have the
interrupter capacity, which always goes in series with
the expulsion fuse, designed to protect the operator
from re-energizing a transformer that has a fault
whose current is greater than the interrupting capacity
of the current-limiting fuse. When this fuse is
operating, it indicates that the transformer has an
internal failure (principally in the windings) and that it
is necessary to repair it in a specialized workshop.
Review the instructions of the manufacturer of the
fuse that is being used.
Thermomagnetic circuit breaker (opcional)
The complete range current-limiting fuse can be
installed in the inside of the transformer and in that
case, it must be replaced in the same way as the
partial range fuse. There is another type, that is
installed in the fuse holder and can be replaced from
the outside, in this case, there is a mechanism that
not allow to take out the fuses unless the radial switch
disconnector of the transformer is open.
Version 3
This device is used to protect the transformer against
the raising of the oil temperatura induced by the
overload and the instant shot to protect the external
shot circuit. It can be thermal or thermomagnetic,
immersed in insulated liquid, and it is connected
internally by the secondary side or transformer low
voltage.
The swtiches are operated from the outside by using a
handle and they are operated by a switch hook stick.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
The operation handle has three positions: open, reset
and close.
To open the switch, the handle must be in the open
position. To close the switch when this is being
operating by overload, the handle must be in the
open position and then in the close position.
Aditionally, it has a light that indicates the overload
and a handle to control emergency overloads. The
function of the indicator light is to prevent the users
from an overload. The light will turn on and remain in
that state even if the overcharge disappears.
Before energizing or applying voltage to the
transformer, turn the tap changer to the desired
voltage position. The position marked correspond to
the primary voltages marked on the tranformer
nameplate. The unit is delivered from the factory with
the tap changer in te nominal voltage position, defined
in the nameplate (standard execution), the typical
configuration has 5 positions marked as 1, 2, 3, 4 and
5 or A, B, C, D and E. Every position changes a percent
of the transformation ratio from the primary to the
secondary voltage, this change can alter the secondary
voltage in this increase. The tap changer positions set
at 2.5% are usual but not essential. Other percentages
can be provided if it is requested.
To elevate the secondary voltage, move the tap
changer to the position 4 (D) or 5 (E). To reduce
secondary voltage, move the tap changer to the
position 1 (A) o 2 (B).
Tap changer
Before operating the tap changer make sure that
the transformer is out of operation.
It is possible to equip the windings with exits to a tap
changer or commutator, to adapt the transformer to
the network voltage. That tap changer modifies the
voltage tranformation ratio between the primary and
the secondary voltage to adjust the open circuit
voltage in the secondary side. All the transformer
commutation lines are subjected to verification against
short circuit and are manufactured to be duly insulated
under the work voltage levels.
To change the voltage position, follow the steps
below:
a. Make sure the transformer is de-energized.
b. Unscrew the fastening screw until it is no longer in
contact with the hole.
c. Place the operaction handle in the desired position.
If the tap changer is used to adjust the voltage to a
voltage higher than the nominal one, it will produce a
high level of noise in the transformer, besides the
increase of the losses in the core.
The tap changer comes with an operating handle, a
position change indicator and in some cases, with a a
provision for Padlock.
Version 3
d. Tighten the fastening screw again to minimize the
possibility of accidental movement.
e. Carry out transformation ratio tests once the work
on the tap changer has been completed.
Some large units are provided with a tap changer in the
supply transformer which require the removal of a
locking pin and the total rotation of the handle for
every change position.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Pressure relief valve
The pressure relief valve is located at the upper part,
above the liquid level. The device is screwed to the tank
wall to facilitate its intallation or removal. The valve
opens automaticall the gas internal pressure increases
from 8 to 10 psi. Once the pressure has reduced, the
device closes automatically. To manually reduce the
internal pressure, put an insulated stick in the
extraction ring of the valve and pull gently.
This is not a protection device against sudden
overpressure.
Follow all the suitable guidelines to the grounded
of the transformer. Make sure to do the correct
ground connection. An incorrect ground
connection may cause energization in the tank.
Not following this instruction may cause
accidents.
Vacuum pressure gauge (optional)
The vacuum pressure gauge located near the upper
part of the transformer, above the liquid level,
indicates if the air chamber in the transformer is under
pressure or vacuum. This accesory is normally
calibrated in PSI. The indicator readings should vary
according to the change in the tranformer temperature
and should indicate normally positive pressure. Do not
expect that the instrument indicates exact readings
near zero point. The lack of readings under any change
of temperature is a sign of leakages in the transfomer
seal and must be investigated.
Optionally an overpressure valve can be provided with
tripping contacts which in case of a major failure take
out of service the transformer. The tripping contacts
just can be recovered manually.
Drain and oil sampling valve
On the lower part of the tank it is located a Ø1” bronze
drain valve with plug and with an incorporated device
of 3/8” to take oil samples.
Ground Pads or screws
There are metallic pieces that are welded to the tank to
make the physical ground connection, these must be
free of paint or grease to avoid fake contacts, also they
must be permanently connected to the ground system.
Pressure readings between ±5 psi are considered
normal as long as exist a variation in the readings of
the changes of liquid level. A pressure greater than ±5
psi can be drecrease dropping the pressure relief
valve.
Nameplate
In accordance with IEEE Std C57.12.00, a nameplate
is supplied with every transformer. To know the
capacities and proper connections of the transformer
to the system it is necessary to check the nameplate.
None of the internal conections should be do it inside
of the transformer unless it is indicated in that way in
the nameplate.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Insulating liquids
The insulating liquid of the transformer has the
functions to refrigerate the active component inside
the tank, insulate the parts with different voltage and
conservate out of oxidation the metallic parts inside
the transformer.
Basically, there are use various types of oil, like mineral
oil, silicone oil and vegetable oil.
The dielectric strengh of the insulating liquid must be
maintained at high levels. It is recommendable to take
samples of the liquid and test them after ther first days
of operation. After that, it is recommendable to take
samples according to the maintenance guidelines.
Keep exact records of the tests and liquid
replacements.
Approved and recommended oils to Siemens Energy
Transformers are those that fulfil the ASTM D 3487 and
the IEC 60296 standards.
For the manipulation and storage of the insulating
oils for transformers it is necessary to check the
manufacturer guides and recommendations.
Mineral Oil
Mineral dielectric oil are petroleum fractions that in
its composition own pure low volatility hydrocarbons,
of naftenic or parafenic predominant nature, free of
polar compounds.
Within its characteristics: not corrosive for iron
transformer metallic parts – copper, low solubility for
painting and varnishes found inside the transformer,
chemically inactive for dielectric paper cellulose and
compatible with other mineral dielectric fluids.
They are available in inhibited or not inhibited
form. Inhibited mineral oil are submitted to artificial
aging, which allowed them to present an excellent
resistance to aging. Uninhibited oils aged in a
controlled and predictable manner under constant
effort.
Version 3
Recommended periodic maintenance tests for
mineral oil include:
a. Dielectric strengh according to ASTM D1816
standard.
b. Fire and flash points. Measured based on
ASTM D92 standard.
c. Dissolved gas analysis. May be applied
following ANSI/IEEE C57.104-1991 guide for
detection and generated gases analysis,
excluding proportion methods.
d. Dissipation factor tests, neutralization
number and interfacial tension provide a
good indication of possible contamination or
unusual degradation. According to ASTM
D924 standard.
Vegetal Oil (Optional)
Offer an excellent environmental compatibility and
are preferably used in applications with strict
environment requirements. Its formulated based on
vegetal oil and edible additives. Not containing
petroleum, halogens, silicon or any other pollutant
material for the environment. Easily degraded in soil
or aquatic ambient. Compatible with constructive,
conductor and insulated materials of a transformer.
Within offered characteristics, is fire resistant, high
flash and fire point, not toxic and biodegradable.
Must avoid mixture with other mineral or silicone oil,
due to negative impact in characteristics with
environment, of fire security and fire point decrease.
Miscible with mineral oil but not with silicone oil.
Storage, transportation, sampling and filtration
equipment used must be exclusively use for this oil
and must remain cleaned. Can be transported with
metallic drums or plastic containers with nitrogen or
inert gas space.
Same basic procedures for storage and oil
manipulation of conventional transformer must be
used with vegetal fluid. In order to help maintaining
saturation percentage extremely low, in fluid
fabrication moment, its recommended that air
exposition time be as minimum as possible. Drums
and containers storage should be in interior or
exterior protected from outdoors.
Maintenance periodic tests for vegetal fluids should
observe same programming used for fully
transformers with mineral oil of transformer.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Silicone oil (optional)
It is a selected fluid to reach optimum heat
transference and fire-resistant properties balance.
Due to viscosity inadequate and reduced
environment compatibility, silicone oil is only used by
customer’s expressed request. Within offered
characteristics, high electric stregh, low temperature
fluidity, high flash and fire point.
Materials in contact with this fluid have been selected
for transformers fabrication reason why should not be
substituted with Siemens Energy Colombia prior
authorization.
Silicone oil can be treated in containers, barrels or
grease free hose, oil or material that contaminated
the fluid, all equipment used for storage,
transportation, sampling or filtration should be used
exclusively for this oil.
Use kerosene or another approved solvent to remove
all traces of Silicon fluid on the outside of the
transformer since silicone oil can affect the adhesion
of paint layers.
Tank
It is designed in cold rolled (CR) or hot rolled (HR)
sheets for thicknesses up to 7/64” (2.5mm) or 5/16”
(8mm) respectively, according to ASTYM A-36. The
design has structural reinforcement to support
absolute vacuum and internal pressures up to 14.7 psi.
Radiators
The transformers are equipped with radiators which
help to transfer the heat generated by the transformer
to the environment. The radiators are commonly fixed
(welded) to the transformer, however they could be
provided detachable.
Surface Proteccion
Paint schemes and surface coatings used in the
Siemens Energy Colombia are according to Std. ISO
12944-2 for all kind of environments in function of the
corrosion degree.
Version 3
The following describes the surface protection
schemes used in Siemens Energy Colombia. The
customer must identify the level of protection
requested in the order.
Classification
Siemens
Energy
ISO
12944-2
Type 1
C1
Type 2
C2 & C3
Type 3
C4
High (industrial and
moderated salinity
areas)
Type 4
C5
Very high (industrial,
aggressive
atmosphere and high
salinity areas)
(Offshore)
CX
Very high (naval, very
aggressive and high
salinity atmosphere)
Corrosion degree
Very low
Low and Medium
Sensformer® Connectivity
Device*
The Sensformer Connectivity Device is the data
acquisition unit, which collects analog and digital data
from the transformer and publishes to the
management software.
The Sensformer Connectivity Device is not a controlling
solution, the provided data shall not be the base of
control-, or management decisions regarding the
transformer or the power system.
The device is not replacing conventional safety and
security solutions. For critical operations always rely on
data from multiple sources.
The Sensformer Connectivity Device uses high
voltage, failure to comply can result in an accident.
As all of electric devices, the Sensformer Connectivity
Device has a few installation requirements. The device
may only be installed in accordance with these
instructions.
Do not mount the device under voltage. Risk of
electric shock!
Above and below the installed device must be get at
least 50 mm free space because of the suitable
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
ventilation. The device does not require other
ventilation. High voltage and warming devices cannot
be placed closer than 50 mm for the Sensformer
Connectivity Device. The device must be only used at
operating temperature.
Minimum temperature rating of the cables to be
connected to the field wiring terminals is 80 °C. Use
copper conductors only!
The MAINS field-wiring leads shall not be more than
two standard wire sizes smaller than the copper
conductor to which they will be connected. Also the
field wiring leads must not be smaller than 18 AWG
(0,82mm2)
The Sensformer Connectivity Device requires the PE
(protected earth). Not allow to use the Sensformer
Connectivity Device without PE. The using PE cable
must be green - yellow.
The used cables on the digital inputs and power supply
must be certified, double insulated and must have UL
94 V-1 flammability classification and VW-1 flame
rating.
The used cables on the analog inputs, pt100 input and
RS485 communication port must be certified, double
insulated and must be UL 94 V-1 flammability
classification and VW-1 flame rating.
In case of digital inputs and power supply, the used
cables must have ferrules. Do not use cables without
ferrules about digital inputs and power supply. The
used ferrules must be certified, 1.5 mm2 conductor
area with 16-18 mm overall length and 8 mm pin
length. For the other ports, the used cables must have
ferrules. The ferrules must be certified, 1.5 mm2
conductor area with 14 mm overall length and 8 mm
pin length. Do not used cables without ferrules about
the analog inputs, pt100 input and RS485
communication port.




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


Degree of protection: Indoor use only
Type of mounting: DIN rail
Dimensions: 156 mm x 85 mm x 58 mm
Weight: 555 g (with antenna)
Operating ambient temperature: -25 °C -70 °C
Humidity: 0.95% relative, non-condensing
Pollution degree Pollution degree 2
Overvoltage category: Overvoltage II
Common specifications

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Power supply 100 – 240 VAC 50/60 Hz
Power consumption < 15 VA
Communication interfaces:
o Ethernet (10 Mbit / 100 Mbit)
o mini USB 2.0 (not used)
o RS485 (ModBus)
Inputs:
o 3 x Analog input: 4-20mA DC (active
or passive) or ±20mApp AC (passive)
o 2 x Digital input
o 1 x PT100 input (3-wire)
Antenna connectors:
o 1 mobile communication (SMA
female)
o 1 GPS (SMA female)
Measurement resolution: 12 bit
*If is Sensformer®, apply terms and conditions
The following information describes the general
technical parameters of the Sensformer Connectivity
Device.
Physical parameters
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
3. Reception
These instructions apply for transformers made in
Siemens Energy Colombia, it is important to read the
security section in this instruction book.
All transformers, components and accessories are
subjected to rigorous quality tests before leaving the
facilities. Despite all the actions made, any damage
during transport can occur. When the transformer is
received, the costumer must take a general inspection
and inform immediately to Siemens Energy of any type
of damage that may have occurred during shipping.
The customer must carry out a general inspection of
the transformer at the time of reception in order to
confirm the optimal external condition of the
equipment or, failing that, report any obvious difficulty
(impacts, scratches, oil leakage, etc.), at the moment
of receiving the equipment, it is necessary, if the
accessory is assembled, to verify that the Indicators or
impact recorders have not acted, in case of identifying
it, it is necessary to leave the observation in the
transformer remissions.
Shock indicator / impact recorder
This accessory allows to record the magnitude of the
accelerations presented during transport. If an
acceleration above 2g is recorded, Siemens Energy
recommends to make a detailed inspections and tests
to the transformer”.
The Shock indicator / impact recorder inspection is
mandatory and must be done before installation
and transformer stat up.
Drawings and documents
All the shipping documents, packing list (if applicable),
general arrangement drawings, nameplates drawings,
electric control cubicle drawing (if applicable) and
instruction books must be review. Also, the reception
of all the accessories of the transformer must be
checked.
Version 3
General arrangement drawing: In it the dimensions,
weights and accessories of the transformer are related.
Also, it can be seen the location of the nameplate and
accessories and the type and function of the
transformer.
Nameplate: This nameplate lists the capacities of the
transformer, vector group and weights of the
transformer. No internal connection which is not listed
on the nameplate should be made in the transformer.
Control cubicle drawing: Provides detailed information
on the control arrangement and connections.
Do not remove or modified the nameplate from the
transformer.
External inspection
a.
The tank and radiators must be inspected
searching for any kind of damage. If any dents or
scratches are found, these may be corrected on site
and/or by paint retouching.
b.
Check the transformer to make sure there are
no oil leaks on the surface, welded joints, low and high
voltage bushings and on the bottom of the
transformer. If you find any, carry out a visual
inspection to determine if there is a oil leak. Small leaks
can be repaired on site.
c.
Check the transformer for any broken or
cracked bushing and for any missing or damage
component sent separated.
d.
Confirm the information present in the
nameplate to ensure that it complies with the design
requirements. The voltage, power, impedance and
others design characteristics must agree with technical
specification.
e.
With the signature of the delivery document,
the costumer (or its agent) accepts that there is no
damage on the transformer when it is received.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Tank pressure- Tightness
Internal inspection
For transformers equipped with a pressure-vacuum
gage, at the moment of receiving the equipment it
should be checked if it is indicating positive or negative
pressure values. This indicates that the transformer is
perfectly hermetic, if it indicates zero or a constant
reading with variable temperatures, it may be that the
tank has a leak, however, the indication of a value of
zero can happen by chance.
In most cases, it is not necessary to perform an internal
tank inspection. This is only required if there is an
obvious indication of damage due to impacts during
transport. The tank is sealed to avoid contamination of
the oil. The accumulation of moisture decreases the
properties of the insulating oil.
If it is zero or constant at variable temperatures, the
tank should be pressurized with dry air between 3 and
4 psig, the tank should be left under pressure for a
period of one or two hours, after this period it should
be examined if there are leaks or loss of hermeticity.
Leaks above the liquid level can be detected with the
application of a solution with soapy water in the welds,
joints and pipe connections.
If at the end of the test no loss of pressure is seen, the
transformer must be pressurized at 1 psig (or according
to the general arrengement drawing) at the
installation site.
If an internal inspection is required, the activity must
be performed by qualified staff and in adequate
facilities with a controlled environment to prevent
further damage to the equipment.
The internal inspection typically consists in a visual
inspection documented with photographs and will be
focused on the items below. Also, the internal
inspection must be done with a relative humidity less
than 70%.
Visual status of the windings: it must be checked that
there are no abnormal displacements or any dent or
scratch due to any conductor loose during transport. It
will be reviewed the general status of its insulation.
Oil level inspection
Fixing system: it consists in all the components which
fix the active part to the transformer. It must be
checked that there are no displacements or loose
items.
The transformer is shipped with the correct oil level for
operation. The oil lever must be checked when the
transformer is delivered.
Visual inspection of the core: it must be checked that
there are no displacement of the laminated core sheets
and its geometry and shape must be perfect.
If any equipment does not have the proper oil level, it
must be reviewed looking for any leak and then refilled before commissioning. It must be only filled with
the liquid specified on the general arrengement
drawing.
Laminated wood or pressboard supports: it must be
checked their general status, there must be no
bending, broken or loose component.
ELECTRIC SHOCK RISK, EXPLOSION HAZARD OR
ARC FLASH HAZARD
Do not energize the transformer if the fluid level
is low. Keep the proper fluid level when the
transformer is energized.
Failure to follow this instruction may result in
damage to the equipment, serious injury or dead.
Version 3
Conductors: The state of the insulation will be verified,
which must be in perfect conditions, it will be observed
that there are no folds or bends that damage the
insulation and its correct location in the respective
supports. The arrival of the conductors that go from
the windings to the tap changer must be verified
paying special attention to the points of assurance
(generally bolted), verifying that there are no loose
points.
If any issue is found during the inspection, it must be
informed to Siemens Energy. If the internal inspection
is made, then the instructions included in the
installation chapter must be followed, transformer
opening in this instruction book.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Shipping
When the transformer is located on a vehicle, it must
be according to its gravity center and weight, avoiding
any movement by securing the transformer.
Inclination above 15° degrees during transport may
result in the overturning of the transformer.
All the components that hang over the transformer
must be protected to avoid damage during transport.
The velocity of the vehicle must be controlled
according to the conditions of the road in order to
avoid internal damage in the transformer and
acceleration above 2g must be avoided.
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
21
Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
4. Manipulation
The use of the lifting lugs to fix the transformer during
transport is mandatory. A lifting sling can be attached
to these lifting lugs and a rubber protection for the
paint of the lifting lugs must be use if chains are used.
Lifting of the transformer
All the transformers are provided with lifting lugs, that
can be used with lifting slings and cranes. It is
important to avoid hitting the tank or radiators with
the lifting slings, as these impacts may damage the
transformer paint and even deform the components or
generate leaks.
When it is used a single fixing point, the maximum
angle between lifting slings is 60 degrees, observed
from the frontal or the side view. If the lifting slings are
at least as the longest dimension of the transformer,
then the angle cannot exceed the maximum value.
There must be a lifting plan in other to move a
transformer.
Lift the transformer by crane using the 4 lifting lugs
provided for this purpose.
Use an equipment with enough capacity for the
loading, unloading and handling of the
transformer.
Ensure that all the staff keep a safety distance
while the transformer is being moved.
The transformer must be handled in its normal vertical
position to avoid internal tensions in the active part
and the generation of internal turbulence, which may
create air bubbles in the windings. This could cause
serious problems when the transformer is energized.
The weight of the transformer is listed on the
nameplate. There must not be inclinations during
lifting above 15° degrees from the vertical axis.
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Forklift
The wood base on which the transformer is shipped
can be used to move the transformer with a forklift.
This base provided additional protection for the
transformer, so it is recommended to leave the
transformer on its base until it reaches the installation
site.
Lift the transformer with jacks using only the
jacking Pads (verified if the transformer is equipped
with jacking Pads, these components are not usual
for low voltages.)
For lifting with forklift, it must be verified the
working load of the forklift.
Do not allow the transformer to be directly dragged
over the floor as the cabinet could suffer deformations
or the paint could deteriorate resulting in corrosion.
You can slide the transformer on rollers.
Without any reason move the transformer using an
air terminal chambers or a control cabinet as a
fixing point. Only use the components designed for
this purpose.
Pulling
Some transformers are equipped with pulling holes.
Do not drag the transformer form the radiators or
cabinet. Neither invent dragging points to move
the transformer.
Jack
Some Transformers are equipped with supports for
jacking
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
5. Storage
The transformer must be storage completely
assembled (Sealed tank and closed cabinets) as if it
were energized on in its permanent location. The
transformer must be stored on a solid and level
surface. It must be done a regularly inspection of the
transformer just like a transformer in operation. Check
the transformer looking for oil leaks and guarantee
tightness, it is recommended to storage the
transformer with an internal pressure between 2 or 3
psig.
and other elements allowing a correct air flow for
cooling.
Long time storage
It is necessary to built oil colleting pits according to the
national standards where it will enter into service.
If the transformer will be stored for more than 1 year,
it must be storage on a solid and a lever surface, with
its total amount of oil. Also, it is recommended to
pressure the tank between 2 or 3 psig if the
transformer is sealed tank. This will prevent moisture
from entering to the transformer.
It is necessary to have an easy access to the nameplate,
protection equipment and to the indicators. The
concrete base must be able to drain water from rain.
A failure on the transformer may lead to fire or
explosion as the transformer is filled with flammable
liquid. This possibility must be considered when the
transformer is located near public buildings or roads.
Avoid locating the transformer in highly corrosive
areas.
If the transformer has been subjected to the
recommended inspections, then the transformer will
be ready for service at any time.
It must be prevented the humidity in the tank replacing
the aire dryer when it is fully of humidity.
All the accessories which remains in its wooden
protections must be protected from the environment
and storage in an indoor area.
Keep in mind the local and national regulation
when the transformer is installed, and the
handbooks of all the components used.
The cabinets must have their heating resistors
energized to avoid water condensation inside the
cabinets.
If it is requested additional information for the
construction and dimensioning of the installation
locations, as dimensions, distances between fixing
holes, location of cables entries or losses of power,
then Siemens Energy will provide it.
Location
If the transformer has wheels, then the wheels must
have wheel breaks.
The transformer must be mounted and leveled on a
smooth concrete base, sufficiently large and with
enough load capacity to support the weight of the
transformer.
The minimum clearances according standards must be
fulfilled for transformers without air terminal
chambers.
If the transformer is not correctly level, then the fluid
may have flow and cooling problems, generating
overheating on the transformer and reducing its
lifetime.
The location where transformer will be installed must
have good ventilation and easy access for inspection.
The transformer must keep enough distance with walls
Version 3
It must be checked any damage in the protection
against corrosion (paint coat) after the transformer is
installed, specifically in the lifting lugs and pulling
holes.
The costumer is responsible for the installation unless
otherwise is specified
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
6. Installation
Before energization
Do NOT disconnect the main ground connection of
the transformer.
At least the following checks and tests must be done to
ensure the transformer is ready to be energized.
It is recommended doing the following test before
connecting the transformer:
1.
Every task must be done by qualified personnel
with enough knowledge and experience about
transformers. Also, the personnel must be
familiarized with the standards, codes and laws of
prevention of accidents according depending on
each individual case.
Insulation resistance measurement: This
test measures the electrical insulator
resistance between the primary windings and
the secondary windings, or between the
windings and ground. This test is only made to
check that the components are isolated with
each other. The results may be affected by
different factors such as voltage of the
generator, humidity, how clean are the
porcelain
bushings
or
temperature.
Specialized personnel must assess the results.
If there are good condition to make the
measurements, a reference value could be 1
M/KV (Reference value is the service voltage
of the measured terminal). This test must be
done with the transformer disconnected from
the electricity network.
Verify that transformer is installed following the
local regulations about housing or fencing to
prevent access of non authorized persons.
Mega-ohmmeters with voltages of 2.5 kV or 5
kV must be used as far as possible for the
measurement. This test voltage (DC) must be
less than 0.75 x low frequency test voltage
(AC)
Test on site
2.
DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION OR ARC
FLASH.
Only specialized personnel must carry out these
tests.
Disconnect all high voltage, low voltage and
neutral
connections.
Disconnect
auxiliary
equipment, such as arresters, temperature control
system, measuring equipment and any other low
voltage control system connected to the windings
which will be used in these tests.
Version 3
Transformation ratio test: This test measures
the relation between the primary and
secondary transformation.
This test is needed to verify that the tap
changer, their connection and the coupling
of the drive are still working after shipping
and installation of the transformer.
The transformation ratio must be comparable
and fulfill the tolerances according to the
standards against the factory values. In this
way it is possible to verify that the voltage is
constantly changing and without interruption
from the maximum number of turns to the
minimum in correspondence with the taps. In
general, tap 1 corresponds to the maximum
number of turns.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
6.
3.
Core grounding (if the core has an external
connection through a terminal box): This
test is needed to verify the insulation between
the core and the clamping frames is in good
condition after shipping.
This test is used to prove the correct status of
the internal connections of the windings. As
the current in the circuit is ohm-inductive,
then it is mandatory to wait until the values of
voltage and current stay constant to measure
the ohm component. It must be used
equipment designed to measure inductive
loads.
Inside the terminal box, the test is made in the
bushing
with
an
insulator
resistor
measurement device with a constant voltage
maximum of 1000 V for 1 minute.
4.
Oil test: It is made to evaluate the dielectric
strength, power factor and moisture content.
The minimum values for dielectric strength for
new oil before the transformer energizer are
according to IEEE Std C57.106-2006 table 2.
The following tests oil can be made to an oil
sample:

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




Flash point (°C)
Moisture (ppm)
Dielectric strength (kV)
Power factor (%)
Neutralization number (mg KOH / g)
Aniline point (°C)
Particles/100 ml
Inhibitor content (% mass)
Acidity
Color
Specific gravity
Visual
For any question about these tests contact
Siemens Energy.
5.
Leakage test: if the pressure-vacuum gauge
indicates a zero value, then the tank must be
pressurized with dry air between 3 and 4 psig
during 1 or 2 hours. Then is necessary to check
for any leak in the transformer. If at the end of
the test no loss of pressure is seen, the
transformer must be pressurized according to
the general arrengement drawing.
According to ASTM D 3283-98 which define
the composition and characteristics of the dry
air used as insulator gas, the air must have at
least 20% of oxygen with less than 30ppm of
humidity and dew point under < -52ºC.
Version 3
Winding resistance test: this test verifies the
continuity of the windings, measures the
resistance of the windings must be compared
with the factory results. Keep in mind that the
values must have a correction according to the
temperature of the oil.
7.
Polarity and current transformers ratio (if
applicable): keep all the test records made
and the traceability of the equipment used,
they will be requested for investigation in case
of any inconvenient with the transformer
Points to check before
energization
It must be made a complete inspection before the
transformer energization. Verify all the components
are working.
Before energization keep in mind the following:
Electrical connections
During installation, it is recommended to make the
ground connection first, then the low voltage
connections and finally the high voltage connections.
If the connections are made opposite from the
recommendations, the transformer may put out of
service.
Carefully, review the nameplate to know the maximum
capacities. Avoid overloading the terminals or the
bushings, this can damage the contact joints, leading
to oil or gas leaks. The connection of the transformer
must be done by specialized and qualified personnel.
Take the following point into account for the
connection of the transformer:
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers

The electrical connection to the transformer can be
made through the bushings, using cooper bars or
terminals.

It must be used supports for all the connections. If
there is not a good support for the connections,
then the bushings will be loaded and may damage
them.

It is necessary to secure all bolted connections to
prevent them from coming loose during operation.

It must be tolerated the bending radios of the cable
according to its manufacturer.

If the transformer has installed bushings, then it is
not recommended to loosen them, they will lose
the factory torque.

Check all the electrical connections made on site.

Remove all the temporal clips on electrical devices.

Check all the accessible connections and ensure
they are tight.

Check that all the primary and secondary
connections are connected.

If there are connections devices to the
transformer, then make sure their status before
starting up.


Ensure that all ground wiring have been carried
out correctly, this include the grounding of the
tank, the air terminal chambers to the tank,
conservator, arresters, accessories and control
cabinet.
Check the wiring carried out on site. Make sure it
does not touch any live element and it tolerate the
fault currents.

Read and follow the instructions of the
manufacturer to install the high voltage
connectors.

Check all the network and device protections were
verified and they are according to protection
coordination study and the standards.
Version 3
Do NOT modify the transformer, tank, air terminal
chambers or control cabinet.
Ground connections
Always connect the tank to the ground through the
grounding Pads located near the bottom of the tank. It
is crucial an excellent and a constant connection to the
ground for provide protection to the tank and air
terminal bushings and prevent damage caused by
internal failures or overvoltage due to lightning.
The transformers are designed to use a Y connection to
the ground, that is, a system in which there is a solid
connection to ground. The transformer must have all
the neutral connections constantly available and
rigidly connected to the main neutral system before
energizing the transformer.
Follow all the grounding connection instructions
of the transformer. Verify to make a correct
ground connection. An incorrect connection may
result in the energization of the tank.
Failure to follow this instruction may cause
accidents.
Tank
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
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
Check the transformer looking for any leak. If
any leak is found, this must be fixed before
energizing the transformer. Also, the level of
oil must be verified.
Inspect the transformer looking for any dent or
scratch in the paint coat, specifically in the
lifting lugs and the pulling holes.
Check all the bolted connection
If the transformer has removable radiators,
they must be purged.
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Tap changer

It must be checked the position of the tap
changer. The chosen position must match
with the actual network voltage.
The positions needed according to the
network voltage can be found in the
nameplate

Cleaning


Inspect all the insulator surfaces looking for
dirt or moisture, including the support
insulators and the primary insulation barriers.
If necessary, clean the surfaces using a clean
cloth
Remove all the dirty and any other particles
which do not belong to the bushings before
energizing the transformer.
Oil level
Do NOT operate or apply a voltage to the transformer
if the oil level indicator shows “LOW OIL”. Verify the oil
level before energizing the transformer.
Tools
Verified to take out all the tools after finishing the
work.
Basic tools for installation of the transformer:



















Version 3
1 drive socket set.
1 metric ratchet wrenches set (624mm).
3 adjustable wrench set (6-10 -12
inch).
1 screwdriver set of 6 pieces.
1 Screwdriver Phillips set of 6 pieces.
1 diagonal cutter plier
1 nose cutter plier
1 side cutter linemans pliers
1 locking pliers
1 rubber hammer.
1 flat face hammer
1 solid frame for hacksaw
2 hacksaws
1 measuring tape
1 Pipe wrench. 14”. Heavy duty.
1 Toolbox.
1 Non-metalic ladder
1 torque wrench. 25-550 Nm
1 Current clamp meter.




1 multimeter
1 digital thermometer.
Dry air devices.
Fire
extinguisher
near
the
transformer. (maximum 5 meters
away)
Activity schedule
1. Starting meeting.
2. External inspection.
3. Cleaning and paint coat restoration of the tank
and accessories used in shipping.
4. Verification of all the boxes with their gasket
list.
5. Wheels assembly (if applicable).
6. Radiators assembly (if applicable).
7. Bushings assembly (if applicable).
8. Conservator and compensator assembly (if
applicable).
9. Air terminal chamber assembly (if applicable).
10. Pipe assembly (if applicable).
11. Oil level revision and adjustment if necessary.
12. Oil tests.
13. Oil treatment (optional).
14. Leakage test.
15. Accessories and wiring assembly.
16. Alarm and firings test.
17. Final paint coat restoration.
18. Electric test.
19. Commissioning – Energization
This transformer was designed, built and tested
according to the last version of the standards ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute, Instituto
colombiano de normas tecnicas” or any other
standards according with the costumer.
If the transformer is operated outside its power
limits, the lifetime of the transformer is reduced
(see IEC 60076-7).
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
7. Commissioning
Check the primary voltage is correct and then energize
the transformer. It is important to know that
considerable values of current are generated when the
transformer is energized, due to the core
magnetization, thus, the protection response must be
settled up to consider this transitory effect.
If the voltage is not the appropriate, then check the
primary voltage, use the tap changer to modify de
voltage.








Follow these instructions if the voltage is appropriate:
1. Check the oil and winding thermometer (if
applicable). Record in time intervals (every
hour) until stabilization.
2. Track de room temperature.
3. Make sure there is any effect of a partial
discharge in the high and low voltage
terminations.
4. Look the behavior of the transformer when it
is energized for the first time and in the first
hours
5. Make a periodic verification to the voltage to
prevent the transformers works overloaded.
6. Listen the noise made by the transformer and
ensure it is not above the standards.
The test must be done according to the instructions of
the device used or the test made. Furthermore, the
companies that carry out the installation activities
must show, to supervisor of Siemens Energy (If
applicable), all calibration certifies of the equipment
used. Also, the companies must present an inform
showing all the activities done, tests made and their
protocols. All these documents must be available to
guarantee a good performance of the transformer.
The transformer is ready for service. However, carefully
observe the transformer (particularly in low
environmental temperature areas in which case it is
recommended to charge the transformer gradually)
during the first hours after the load is applied. The
following are some recommended actions:

Do not operate the transformer beyond its
maximum load according to the manufacturer.
The transformer is an important component of the
distribution system and should be evaluated the option
of add protections against disturbances on the
electrical system. It should be protected against instant
voltage oscillations and overcurrents.
To allow the correct operation of the protection
devices against overrecurents that may be provided
with the transformer, it is necessary a coordination
study of the protections.
Devices used in the electrical test for
commissioning

Multimeter.
Version 3
Device to measure the winding resistance in
transformers.
Device to measure the insulator resistance in a
transformer ((5 kV, > 100 G).
Power factor measurement device.
Transformation ratio measurement device.
Current transformers measurement device.
Oil Dielectric strength measurement device.
Digital thermometer.
Current clamp meter.


Check the load, the oil temperature and the
winding hot spot, recording data every hour until
stabilization.
Check for noise and vibration overload.
Verified the gas detector (if applicable).
It must be taken an oil sample before energization to
made physical-chemical tests and a sample for a gas
chromatography. After 24 hours it must be taken
another sample for gas chromatography.
For this test, please do not hesitate to contact Siemens
Energy.
The interpretation of the results must be according
to ANSI C57.104 or IEC60599 for mineral oil or IEEE
C57.155 for natural ester and considering the oil
volume in the transformer.
It is not needed to increase gradually the voltage using
a generator. After all the inspections made, it could be
connected directly.
High insulaton stresses in the high voltage windings
can be generated by disconnecting the transformer
when it is in rush period (right after its connection).
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Only specialized personnel must energize the
unit. Follow safety recommendations according
to local regulations and network operator
regulations.
Keep personell at safe distance from transformer
during energization maneouvers.
If exist,
energize transformer from control room.
The cold start procedure must ensure that the
transformer is heated up slowly, to avoid overheating
of the windings until the cooling equipment can work
effectively.
Thus, during the heating up process, observe the top
oil temperature till the coolers are heated up as well.
At the beginning, the cold start procedure shall be at
no-load or reduced load (refer to table below). During
the heating up process; prevent overheating, the top
oil temperature shall not exceed maximum
temperature limits. The transformer can be fully
loaded when the liquid circulates through the coolers
(coolers get warm).
Energizing of the equipment is not allowed below a
minimum liquid temperature of:
DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION OR ARC
FLASH.
Only specialized personnel must energize the unit.
If a trip occurs on energization or during operation
of transformer, its condition must be evaluated by
electrical testing.
Before re-energization the cause of the initial trip
must be corrected or eliminated.
As it is possible that a disconnection occurs
immediately after the connection, originated by an
erroneous operation of a protection accessory (eg
differential relay, overcurrent-time protection relay,
remote protection relay, etc.) the connection must be
initiated with the minimum possible induction. This
means that the maximum number of turns on the highvoltage side to be connected is connected. If, in spite
of this, disconnection occurs, reconnection must be
attempted after the cause has been eliminated, in
order to minimize the number of connections.
Follow procedure stated on “IEEE C57.125 Guide for
Failure Investigation, Documentation, and Analysis for
Power Transformers and Shunt Reactors".
Cold Start Procedure
Liquid
Typical
pour
point of
liquid
[°C]
Mineral oil,
arctic grade
Mineral oil,
standard
Synthetic
ester
Natural
ester
Energizing:
Heat up
Minimum
slowly below
liquid
[°C liquid
temperatur
temperature
e [°C]
]
-60
-50
-20
-45
-40
-20
-50
-40
-10
-20
-10
0
Additionally the switching operation of tap changer is
not allowed at very low temperature due to
mechanical reasons.
Liquid
Typical minimum
temperature
for tap changer switching
operation [°C]
Mineral oil, arctic grade
-35
Mineral oil, standard
-30
Synthetic ester
-18
Natural ester
-10
If a transformer is energized at very low temperature,
special care is required mainly due to the high viscosity
of the insulating liquid at low temperature. Depending
on the type of insulating liquid the permissible
minimum temperature for energizing varies.
Version 3
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
8. Operation
After the energization a completed copy of the
energization protocol must be sent to the factory
through the corresponding Siemens Energy sales
office.
Operating conditions.
The transfomer is suitable for operation at nominal
power under the following usual operating
conditions.1
Any other condition than those described herein
represents an ununsual operating condition that must
be consulted directly with the equipment
manufacturer.
The voltage waveform of the transformer power
supply must be approximately sinusoidal and the
phase voltages that feed a polyphase transformer must
be equal in magnitude and frequency.
Load current.
The load current must be approximately sinusoidal, the
harmonic factor must not exceed 0.05 per unit (unless
this condition is established in the initial design stage
in the design of the transformer). The definition of the
harmonics factor is established in the IEEE Std
C51.12.80-1978 standard.
Operation above nominal voltage or below rated
frequency.
Temperature.

Air temperature.

The Transformers must be capable of:
For cooling conditions where the cooling medium is
air, the ambient temperature should not exceed 40°C,
and the average temperature of the cooling air for a
term of 24 hours should not exceed 30°C.

a) Operate continuously above its nominal
voltage or under its nominal frequency, at the
maximum power in KVA for any tap, without
exceeding the observable temperature rise
limits, when all the following conditions
prevail.
1) The secondary voltage and the volts per
hertz do not exceed 105% of the nominal
values.
2) The power factor is greater than or equal
to 80%
3) The frequency is not less than 95% of the
nominal frequency.
Lower limit of the coolant.
The coolant temperature should not be lower than 20°C, temperatures below this level are considered
equivalent to an unusual operating condition.
Altitude of the installation.
In general, the installation altitude should not exceed
1000 meters above sea level, check the nameplate to
verify if the design of the transformer is suitable for
operating at higher altitudes, since the operation at
higher altitudes means a revision of transformer
isolation levels and the refrigeration conditions of the
same. In general terms, operating a transformer at an
altitude greater than the design altitude means that
its operation must be restricted in terms of power
supplied.
Voltage supply.
Capability.
b) Operate continuously above the nominal
voltage or under the nominal frequency in a
tap without load, without exceeding the
observable temperature limits, when neither
the voltage nor the voltages per hertz exceed
110% of the nominal values.

Maximum continuous operating voltage of the
transformer.
The maximum continuous operating voltage must not
exceed the limits specified on the nameplate of the
transformer.
IEEE Std C57.12.00 -2000 Standard general requirements
for liquid immersed Distribution and Power Transformers.
1
Version 3
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Operation.

Outdoor Operation.
supervision of the equipment and its maintenance
work.
If not specified otherwise, the transformers must be
suitable for outdoor operation.

Operation as step down transformer.
Unless otherwise specified, the transformers are
designed for operation as voltage reducers.

Operation as step up transformer.
The transformers to operate as tension elevators, are
those that were considered for this application from
the initial conception of design. Check the nameplate
to verify the application of the step-up transformer,
and/or operation connected to a generator.
Maintenance and monitoring work must be
performed with the transformer de-energized
and grounded.
Failure to follow this instruction may result in
damage to the equipment, serious injury or dead.
Load under no nominal
conditions
To load the transformer to different conditions from
nominal conditions is required to consult the
international normatives of acceptable general
application (ANSI / IEEE or IEC Standars), to load the
transformer in any of the following conditions.
a) Atmospheric temperatures higher or lower
than those considered as a nominal base.
b) Overloads of short duration, exceeding the
power on the nameplate, for normal reduction
of useful life.
c) Loads that lead to reduce the life expectancy.
d) Installation in enclosed spaces of transformers
for outdoors use.
Loadability guidelines are not standards, they provide
the most suitable information for transformer
loadability under several conditions, based on typical
insulation systems and from the best engineering
information available at the time of preparation of the
guidesines. The guidelines discuss limitations in the
other complementary components apart from the
windings, which may limit the loadability of the
transformers. When auxiliary or complementary
components are specified for operation (as well as
construction components like cables, bushings, tap
changers, oil expansion space, etc.), they must be
supplied so that they do not limit the transformer
loadability.
DANGER OF ELECTRIC SHOCK AND ARC FLASH
EXPLOSION HAZARDS
Do not re-energize the transformer if it has been
damaged or has signs of being damaged.
Failure to follow this instruction may result in
damage to the equipment, serious injury or dead.
Before beginning any work on the transformer, it
is mandatory to apply the "5 safety rules":
1. De-energize.
2. Lockout to prevent reenergized.
3. Check absence of voltage.
4. Ground and shor-circuit.
5. Cover or shielding adjacents
components.
energized
Obtaining a reliable and uninterrupted service from the
transformer depends on the general and careful
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
monitoring the status and condition of it.
Annual verification of the correct operation of fans in
case they are installed in the equipment.
Before performing these procedures, review the
"SECURITY" section.
Before energizing the transformer, check that all
static loads have been discharged by grounding
the windings with appropriate groundingdevices.
Failure to follow this instruction may result in
damage to the equipment, serious injury or dead.
If the oil of the transformer is overheated, for
example, when welding works are being carried
out in transformer tanks with oil, it is possible to
produce oil vapor, which is explosive when
mixed with air in a certain proportion. Likewise,
oil gases appear when an electric arc occurs in
the oil. These gases are flammable and produce
an explosive mixture in contact with air.
Therefore, any welding work with an open flame
or involving an electric arc in filled or partially
filled transformers with oil, expansion
compartments, connection boxes, etc., requires
special safety measures, such as Nitrogen filling
or vacuum application, which requires extensive
expertise.
It is the responsibility of the owner to inspect and
perform maintenance services to the transformer as
well as to keep it in good conditions.
The Siemens Energy Colombia Transformers require
the following maintenance protocols, which can be
performed during network disconnections or planned
shutdowns.
In equipment with expansion tank it is necessary to
periodically check the saturation state of the
dehydrating breather and make the changes of the
silica gel granules on time it shows saturation color,
the periods for this effect to happen depend on the
load cycles and environmental conditions of
installation place.
Conduct annual physicochemical tests to the oil for
Version 3
Review of correct operation of the indicators
according to the established verification sequences or
at least make a semi-annual record of their status.
It is necessary to keep records of equipment
maintenance activities.
Check the tightening torque values of all electrical
connections, including ground connections, and
tighten them properly if necessary.
Check the tightening torque chapter of this
instruction book.
Maintenance tests
The following tests are recommended to determine
the condition of the transformer:
a. Insulation resistance test.
b. Transformation ratio test.
c. Leakage test.
d. Continuity test.
e. Oil tests.
• Dielectric strengh
• Power factor.
• Moisture content.
It is recommended to review the chapter 6 of
Installation, and tests in Site, of this instruction book.
Description of monitoring and
maintenance work
The inspection frecuency depends on the operating
conditions. If the transformer operates under regular
service conditions, as defined in the ANSI / IEEE
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
standard C57.12.00, one inspection per year may be
acceptable. Nevertheless, for uncommon locations,
where the air is contaminated with particles such as
dust or chemical fumes, the transformer must be
inspected every three months or more frequently.
1. Main tank
of the place, the average life of the painting
ranges from 2 years for corrosive
environments (marine, desert and mining)
and 5 years for non-corrosive environments,
however, periodic revisions must be made
(every 6 months) and touch up the paint to
avoid accelerated deterioration of the
coating.
1.1.Oil temperature control
Read and record the oil temperature. Indicate
whether the increase in oil or winding
temperature is caused by prolonged
overloads of the transformer or by deficient
cooling. Take counteractive actions. Verify
opening of Valves.
1.2.Oil level control
The oil level in the expansión tank or in other
oil container is established in the oil level
gauges or with the oil level indicators and
correspond with the temperatura marks
shown on the indicator devices of the
transformer. In case the oil level is lower than
the proper level, the cause of oil losses must
be eliminated, and the tank must be refilled
with new dry oil. The filling oil data to be used
is detailed in the transformer test certificate
or on its nameplate.
1.3.Control of oil leakages in welded and
bolted joints
Check for oil leakages in all flanges, sealed
joints, and welded seams. The leaks detected
must be eliminated immediately by
retightening screws, substitution of seals or,
if necessary, welding. Welding must be done
only by an experienced welder. We
recommend requesting the assistance of an
expert from Siemens Energy. It is expressly
stated that accident prevention measures
must be followed, especially the fire
protection measures for work related to oil
immersed transformers.
Check the integrity of the gabinets (hinges,
blocking provisions, corrosion, etc.)
1.4.Control of the paint and cleaning of the
exterior surface
Depending on the environmental conditions
Version 3
Instructions:
Clean the surface to be painted by passing a
cloth soaked with solvent or by means of a
steam jet treatment remove all dirt and traces
of oil and grease. Sand old paint to remove
paint residue. Clean the rusted parts by
grinding or brushing until they shine. Apply
on the deoxidized surfaces double layer of
base paint. Old paint that is still well adhered
to the base surface must be covered with
finishing paint.
Replace damaged or illegible tags.
1.5.Earthing control (Protection groundings).
To avoid circulating currents, the transformer
tank and the cooling system must be earthed
by means of a conductor with a proper crosssection or grounding lock washers. The
correct tightening of grounding screw must
be verified and retightened if necessary.
1.6.Obtaining oil samples (oil analysis).
Obtaining samples of transformer oil is
required for the determination of dielectric
strengh, as well as for the control of the
physical and chemical qualities of the
insulating liquid. Samples are obtained
before commissioning the transformer, after
a prolonged service or in case of damage.
It is recommended to take oil samples
regularly at intervals of at most 1 year.
"Below" sampling valve.
Samples for the other analyzes.
The oil level in the tank or in other oil
container is established in the oil level gauges
or with the oil level indicators and correspond
with the temperatura marks shown on the
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
indicator devices of the transformer. In case
the oil level is lower than the proper level, the
cause of oil losses must be eliminated, and
the tank must be refilled with new dry oil.
2.2.Interlock control.
The extreme positions of the tap cahnger are
mechanically secured. Upon reaching the
final position of the tap changer, a new
position change of the tap is only possible in
the opposite direction.
3. High and low voltage bushings
The extraction of samples of insulating
liquid should be done by personnel with
the pertinent qualification and training.
The extraction must be carried out
considering the IEC 60475 standard for
insulating liquids and the IEC 60567 standar
for dissolved gases.
2. De-energized tap changer
3.1.Verification of porcelain
insulating epoxy.
status
and
Check for chipped areas, fractures or fissures,
besides check for leaks in the fastening joint.
3.2.Verification of connectors.
Verify that the cable attached to insulation
connector is not loose.
4. Protection devices
Make sure all protection devices are working
satisfactorily.
De-energize the transformer
operating the tap changer.
before
The protection devices, such as oil level
indicator, pressure vacuum gage, pressure
relief device and filter press/drain valve with
sampling device, do not need maintenance
but they must be replaced when they are
damaged.
2.1.Setting up all positions for cleaning the
contacts of the tap changer.
Over time, the copper contacts immersed in
oil are covered with a foreign layer, under
certain circumstances this layer can cause a
rise of temperature in the contacts.
Therefore, during the service interruptions of
the transformer (at least once a year), it is
advisable to set up the total positions range
of the tap changer several times to scrape off
foreign layer that has been deposited in the
intermediate time.
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
9. Maintenance
Time intervals for supervision and manteninance work
w = weekly; m = monthly; a = annually; v = variable; h = hour
Work to do
No.
1
Time of
work
Time interval.
h
w
m
a
Main Tank.
1 .1
Oil temperatura control
<1
1
1.2
Oil level control
<1
1
1.3
Control of oil leakages in welded and bolted joint
<1
1
1.4
Control of the paint and cleaning of the exterior surface
8
6
1.5
Grounding control (Protection groundings)
3
1
1.6
Obtaining oil samples (for physicochemical análisis and gas DGA content).
<1
1
2
2 to 5
De-energized Tap changer
2,1
Setting up all positions for cleaning the contacts of the tap changer
<1
1
2.2
Interlock control
<1
1
3
Fans (if aplicable)
3.1
Fans control
2
3.2
Fans cleaning
4
1
4
6
Control Cubicle
4.1
Heating and lighting control of the control cubicle
<1
1
4.2
Watertightness control
<1
1
4.3
Replacement of contact of motor-protective circuitbreaker and contators
5
4
Note 1
Insulator Bushing
5.1
Verification of porcelain or epoxy status
<1
5.2
Verification of conectors tightening
<1
1
6
Current transformer (if aplicable)
1
6,1
Control of connections
<1
1
6,2
Control of terminal grounding
<1
1
7
v
Protection Devices
7.1
Control of thermometers
<1
1
1
7.2
Oil level indicator control
<1
1
7,6
Control of the transformer pressure relief device
<1
1
(Note 1) in case of defects
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Tightening Torque
In the next image are shown the typical executions for bolted joints in the transformers.
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
37
Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
The next table shows the torque tightening values.
Version 3
© 2021 Siemens Energy
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Health, safety and
environment
Final disposition of
the transformer’s
materials
During the design phase
Within the responsibilities of the Design Engineer
is that of selecting optimal materials in order to
have an excellent quality product, including
environmental issues for this (preference is given
to environmentally friendly materials), where
options arise as possibility of minimizing materials,
reduction of process times and products. Moreover,
during product design considers the life cycle
assessment, and this is why Siemens Energy
products are based on designs that are easy for
disposal activities when it ends its life.
During the Purchasing phase
There is an interactive participation of shopping
area and the Quality and Environment
Management with the suppliers. Initially the buyer
contacts the provider and receives appropriate
samples with technical information, considering
the parameters of approval materials. During the
process of identifying environmental aspects, the
Quality and Environment Management establish
suppliers with high pollution commitments in their
processes.
During the Production and Service phase
Production and projects areas represent the most
critical points to consider for determine the
objectives of environmental improvement. The
first step in minimizing the impact environment
that can produce the waste is the process of
reduction at source, by which Siemens Energy uses
only the raw materials needed in production, so
that post-industrial wastes are minimal.
Version 3
The final disposal or management of any
constituent part of the transformer is the
responsibility of the equipment’s owner, which has
an environmental commitment to give them their
proper use for minimizing environmental impact
and / or consult with companies specialized in
special waste management.
Care should be taken into processes requiring
heating elements as the tank or the active part.
Siemens Energy recommends that these should be
purged with dry air before to avoid any ignition
hazard due to the presence of vapors from air / oil
inside the tank.
Insulating materials such as paper, wood,
fiberglass, are not considered harmful, but as were
in contact with dielectric oil (chemical composition
may change during the cycle operation of the
processor) Siemens Energy recommends chemical
analysis of materials before they are reused or from
the beginning classify them as special waste.
Reference for the proper disposal of transformer’s
materials:
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Materials
Active part of the
transformer
(includes
active parts motorfan)
Final disposal at the end of
it`s lifecycle
The constructive parts made of
iron,
aluminum, copper, steel plate
(depending on type of motor)
are
100% recyclable (scrap).
The constructive parts made of
plastic,
correspond to the type PP
(polypropylene) are
100% recyclable.
The constituent parts made of
synthetic rubber can be sent to
vulcanization process
(recycling).
The constructive active parts
made of
paper are recyclable.
through the ground or reaches the water, it can be
a danger to the environment. When eliminating
the transformer or any of its components, it is
necessary to consult the data sheets of the
insulating liquid, as well as the rest of the
components, included this document. The
nameplate of the transformer specifies type of the
insulating liquid used.
Measures to be considered for the preservation
of the environment: Care must be taken with the
common animals of the workspace (snakes, bees,
wasps, scorpions or other unknown animals), keep
in force your vaccine shots and do not use gasoline
to wash your hands.
Do not dump material into the streams. Waste and
garbage from the assembly process must be placed
in appropriate containers. Containers that have
contained a substance dangerous must be stored
in cans or sealed boxes, avoiding excess waste in
those containers react with other waste containers
and to avoid possible spills of these dangerous
substances.
Magnetic foil
Scrap - Foundry
Copper
Scrap- Crafts
Insulation paper
Fill
Steel
Scrap - Foundry
Porcelain
Raw Material in similar
processes or construction
landfill disposal.
Valves
Scrap - Reuse
Dielectric Oil
Fuel - Recovery
Consult the relevant environmental legislation,
considering that all aspects of environment
Calibration devices
Junkyard - Junk
legislation is constantly updated.
Rubber packaging
Recycling vulcanization
Plastics electrical
equipment
Recycling in the plastics
industry
Electronic Material
Recovery auto parts
Fiberglass
Recycling
Plastic
Recycling
The oil is part of the customer's property and is his
responsibility of getting rid of old oils,
contaminated or surplus following the regulations
of the Ministry of the environment.
If the insulating liquid used in the transformer go
Version 3
Spare parts
It is possible to replace the accessories in the field.
Due to the wide variety of sizes, ratings, nominal
values and styles used in different types of
transformer, it is not possible to provide a quantity
of specific accessories for a transformer. If you
require a replacement accessory, request it by
providing its description, serial number, nominal
values and transformer size in kVA; as well as any
pertinent information of the transformer. Order
the parts directly from your local Siemens Energy
sales representative.
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
To ensure proper operation, use spare parts
approved by Siemens Energy, do not make repairs
to damaged parts or accessories, replace them.
Contact for purchase of spare parts or services of
trans-formers outside warranty period.
Warranty
Consult the warranty terms and conditions in the
contractual documentation.
To have full warranty claim rights in case of
anomaly or damage, it is essential to comply
without exception with the safety instructions
included in this instruction book.
In the event of an anomaly or damage, the
transformer must be disconnected immediately
from the voltage supply in order to avoid
consequential damage.
In the event of failure or damage, please contact
Siemens Energy Colombia technical service team.
During the warranty period, report any problem to
your local Siemens Energy sales representative. All
repairs under warranty must be carried out by
Siemens Energy or by a Siemens Energy Authorized
Service workshop.
Version 3
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
10. Attachments

General dimensions drawing of the
transformer.

Name plate of the transformer.

Test reports of the transformer.
Version 3
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Operation and maintenance manual for liquid immersed Pad-Mounted Transformers
Contact
Siemens Energy Colombia
Tenjo, Cundinamarca, Colombia
Service Team*
Tel: +57 601 4253829 + 57 320 8535227
sat_services_team.col@siemens-energy.com
Sales Team
Tel: +57 601 2942568
ventas.transformadores.col@siemens-energy.com
siemens-energy.com
* For services after the warranty period, we will direct you to the area in charge
Note: Siemens Energy reserves the right to make changes to this instruction book
without prior notice. For purchase orders and contracts, the agreements described
in these purchase orders and contracts will prevail.
Siemens Energy is a trademark licensed by Siemens AG.
© Siemens Colombia 2019. All rights reserved