11/11/2012 Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Muscles of the Lower Limb Iliacus (part of iliopsoas) ORIGIN: Iliac fossa (ilium); crest of os coxa; ala (sacrum) INSERTION: lesser trochanter (femur) INNERVATION: femoral nerve ACTION: flexes thigh (Anterior view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Psoas major Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Tensor fasciae latae (part of iliopsoas) ORIGIN: ORIGIN: T12 – L5 vertebrae iliac crest (ilium); anterior superior iliac spine (ilium) INSERTION: INSERTION: lesser trochanter (femur) iliotibial tract (connective tissue) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: -------------- gluteal nerves ACTION: ACTION: flexes thigh flexes / abducts thigh (Anterior view) (Lateral view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Sartorius Pectineus ORIGIN: ORIGIN: anterior superior iliac spine (ilium) pubis INSERTION: lesser trochanter (femur) INSERTION: medial surface of proximal tibia INNERVATION: INNERVATION: obturator nerve femoral nerve ACTION: ACTION: adducts / flexes / medially rotates thigh flexes / abducts / laterally rotates thigh (Anterior view) (Anterior view) 1 11/11/2012 Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Adductor brevis (part of adductors) ORIGIN: Adductor longus (part of adductors) ORIGIN: pubis pubis INSERTION: INSERTION: linea aspera (femur) linea aspera (femur) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: obturator nerve obturator nerve ACTION: ACTION: adducts / flexes / medially rotates thigh adducts / flexes / medially rotates thigh (Anterior view) (Anterior view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Adductor magnus Muscles Moving Thigh - Anterior Gracilis (part of adductors) ORIGIN: ORIGIN: pubis / ischium pubis / ischium INSERTION: INSERTION: linea aspera (femur) medial surface of proximal tibia INNERVATION: INNERVATION: obturator nerve / sciatic nerve obturator nerve ACTION: ACTION: adducts / flexes / medially rotates thigh adducts / flexes / medially rotates thigh (Anterior view) (Medial view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius ORIGIN: ORIGIN: ilium / sacrum / coccyx lateral surface of ilium INSERTION: INSERTION: greater trochanter (femur) iliotibial tract (connective tissue); gluteal tuberosity (femur) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: gluteal nerves gluteal nerves ACTION: ACTION: abducts / medially rotates thigh extends thigh (Posterior view) (Posterior view) 2 11/11/2012 Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Gluteus minimus Piriformis ORIGIN: ORIGIN: lateral surface of ilium anterolateral surface of sacrum INSERTION: greater trochanter (femur) INSERTION: greater trochanter (femur) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: gluteal nerves -------------- ACTION: ACTION: abducts / medially rotates thigh laterally rotates thigh (Posterior view) (Posterior view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Obturator (externus / internus) Gemellus (superior / inferior) ORIGIN: ORIGIN: pubis / ischium ischial spine (ischium); ischial tuberosity (ischium) INSERTION: greater trochanter (femur) Externus INSERTION: greater trochanter (femur) Superior INNERVATION: INNERVATION: -------------- -------------ACTION: ACTION: laterally rotates thigh laterally rotates thigh Internus Inferior (Posterior view) (Posterior view) Muscles Moving Thigh - Posterior Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Anterior Quadratus femoris Rectus femoris (part of quadriceps) ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity (ischium) ORIGIN: anterior inferior iliac spine (ilium); margin of acetabulum (os coxa) INSERTION: proximal end of femur INSERTION: tibial tuberosity (tibia) INNERVATION: -------------- INNERVATION: femoral nerve ACTION: laterally rotates thigh ACTION: extends (lower) leg (Posterior view) (Anterior view) 3 11/11/2012 Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Anterior Vastus lateralis Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Anterior (part of quadriceps) Vastus medialis ORIGIN: ORIGIN: greater trochanter (femur); linea aspera (femur) anterior / lateral surface of proximal femur INSERTION: tibial tuberosity (tibia) INSERTION: tibial tuberosity (tibia) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: femoral nerve femoral nerve ACTION: ACTION: extends (lower) leg extends (lower) leg (part of quadriceps) (Anterior view) (Anterior view) Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Anterior Vastus intermedius Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Posterior (part of quadriceps) ORIGIN: Biceps femoris (part of hamstrings) ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity (ischium); linea aspera (femur) anterior / lateral surface of proximal femur INSERTION: head (fibula); lateral condyle (tibia) INSERTION: tibial tuberosity (tibia) INNERVATION: INNERVATION: femoral nerve sciatic nerve ACTION: ACTION: extends (lower) leg flexes (lower) leg (Anterior view) (Posterior view) Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Posterior Semitendinosus Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Posterior (part of hamstrings) Semimembranosus ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity (ischium) ORIGIN: ischial tuberosity (ischium) INSERTION: medial surface of tibia INSERTION: medial condyle (tibia) INNERVATION: sciatic nerve INNERVATION: sciatic nerve ACTION: flexes (lower) leg ACTION: flexes (lower) leg (Posterior view) (part of hamstrings) (Posterior view) 4 11/11/2012 Muscles Moving (Lower) Leg - Posterior Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Anterior Popliteus Tibialis anterior ORIGIN: lateral condyle (femur) ORIGIN: lateral condyle (tibia); shaft of tibia INSERTION: proximal tibia INSERTION: medial cuneiform (tarsals); metatarsal 1 INNERVATION: sciatic nerve INNERVATION: fibular nerves ACTION: flexes / medially rotates (lower) leg ACTION: dorsiflexes / inverts foot (Posterior view) (Anterior view) Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Anterior Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus ORIGIN: lateral condyle (tibia); proximal fibula ORIGIN: anteromedial shaft of fibula INSERTION: distal phalanx (great toe) INSERTION: middle / distal phalanges 2 - 5 INNERVATION: fibular nerves INNERVATION: fibular nerves ACTION: extends great toe ACTION: extends toes (Anterior view) (Anterior view) Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Anterior Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Fibularis (longus / brevis) Gastrocnemius ORIGIN: shaft of fibula ORIGIN: medial / lateral condyles (femur) INSERTION: medial cuneiform (tarsals); metatarsals 1 & 5 INSERTION: calcaneus (part of triceps surae) INNERVATION: tibial nerve INNERVATION: fibular nerves ACTION: plantar flexes foot ACTION: plantar flexes / everts foot Brevis Longus (Lateral view) (Posterior view) 5 11/11/2012 Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Soleus (part of triceps surae) Plantaris ORIGIN: proximal tibia / fibula ORIGIN: posterior femur INSERTION: calcaneus INSERTION: calcaneus INNERVATION: tibial nerve INNERVATION: tibial nerve ACTION: plantar flexes foot ACTION: plantar flexes foot (Posterior view) (Posterior view) Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallicus longus ORIGIN: posterior tibia ORIGIN: midshaft of fibula INSERTION: distal phalanges 2 - 5 INSERTION: distal phalanx (great toe) INNERVATION: tibial nerve INNERVATION: tibial nerve ACTION: flexes toes ACTION: flexes great toe (Posterior view) (Posterior view) Muscles Moving Ankle / Foot / Toes - Posterior Tibialis posterior ORIGIN: proximal tibia / fibula INSERTION: tarsals; metatarsals 2 - 4 INNERVATION: tibial nerve ACTION: inverts foot (Posterior view) 6