Science 1. The human digestive system is tube-like where food enters a) Stomach b) Mouth c) Large intestine d) Small intestine 2. Is the pear shaped organ that is connected to the esophagus a) Stomach b) Mouth c) Large intestine d) Small intestine 3. Is a long coiled tube that fills the abdomen a) Stomach b) Mouth c) Large intestine d) Small intestine 4. It is also called colon, next to the small intestine a) Stomach b) Mouth c) Large intestine d) Small intestine 5. It is a muscular tube that conveys food from the pharynx to the stomach. a) Buccal cavity b) Throat c) Trachea d) Esophagus 6. The mouth or _________ ingests the food. a) Buccal cavity b) Throat c) Trachea d) Esophagus 7. Swallowing pushes the bolus into the _______________that is located posterior to the mouth. a) Buccal cavity b) Throat c) Trachea d) Esophagus 8. Secretions involve in the digestive process are known as _________________. a) Chyme b) Gastric juice c) Pepsin d) Gastric glands 9. The action of the stomach changing the bolus into a semi fluid consistency is called _________. a) Chyme b) Gastric juice c) Pepsin d) Gastric glands 10. The inactive substance pepsinogen is changed into _____________ a) Chyme b) Gastric juice c) Pepsin d) Gastric glands 11. Process where food is broken down into smaller molecules that body cells can utilize. a) Digestive enzyme b) Saliva c) Digestion d) Mastication or chewing 12. The physical or mechanical phase of changing food to smaller sizes a) Digestive enzyme b) Saliva c) Digestion d) Mastication or chewing 13. This system chemically changes the food into smaller molecules. a) Digestive enzyme b) Saliva c) Digestion d) Mastication or chewing 14. It is the largest organ in the body. a) Liver b) Bile c) Pancreas d) Gall bladder 15. It is the largest, elongated and yellowish gland that lies posterior to the stomach. a) Liver b) Bile c) Pancreas d) Gall bladder 16. This is where bile is stored and concentrated. a) Liver 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. b) Bile c) Pancreas d) Gall bladder The swallowing reflex raises the flap of muscles called __________. a) Peristalsis b) Epiglottis c) Bolus d) Colon Wave-like contraction in the middle of the esophagus facilitating movements of digestion . a) Peristalsis b) Epiglottis c) Bolus d) Colon It temporarily stores feces or undigested residue a) Peristalsis b) Epiglottis c) Bolus d) Colon The food is chewed and lubricated and is changed ito a ball-shaped mass is called ___. a) Peristalsis b) Epiglottis c) Bolus d) Colon These are protein substances that can speed up chemical reactions. a) Intestinal glands b) Enzymes 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. c) Pancreatic juice d) Amino acids Dipeptidase (erepsin) will change dipeptides to _____________ a) Intestinal glands b) Enzymes c) Pancreatic juice d) Amino acids These glands releases the final enzymes for carbohydrates. a) Intestinal glands b) Enzymes c) Pancreatic juice d) Amino acids It is a disorder where there is abdominal pain, bloated and nausea. a) Indigestion/dyspepsia b) Acid reflux c) Constipation d) Diarrhea Increased bowel movement and the person suffers from abdominal cramps. a) Indigestion/dyspepsia b) Acid reflux c) Constipation d) Diarrhea It is a digestive disorder caused by the backflowing of the acidic gastric juice into the esophagus. a) Indigestion/dyspepsia b) Acid reflux c) Constipation d) Diarrhea 27. It is the difficult and incomplete passage of stool or fecal materials and infrequent bowel movements. a) Indigestion/dyspepsia b) Acid reflux c) Constipation d) Diarrhea 28. Food rich in _______________ keep the large intestine clean and eliminate fecal materials. a) Fiber b) Water c) Diet d) exercise 29. It promotes healthy digestion and aid in the digestive process. a) Fiber b) Water c) Diet d) Exercise 30. It helps the digestive process and increase the production of enzyme to avoid constipation and heart burn. a) Fiber b) Water c) Diet d) Exercise 31. Fats + pancreatic steapsin changes in what chemical digestion form? a) Small polypeptides b) Glucose + fructose c) Amino acids 32. 33. 34. 35. d) Fatty acid + glycerol Sucrose + sucrase changes in what chemical digestion form? a) Small polypeptides b) Glucose + fructose c) Amino acids d) Fatty acid + glycerol Dipeptides + erepsin changes in what chemical digestion form? a) Small polypeptides b) Glucose + fructose c) Amino acids d) Fatty acid + glycerol Protein + pepsin changes in what chemical digestion form? a) Small polypeptides b) Glucose + fructose c) Amino acids d) Fatty acid + glycerol This digestive system consists of the mouth , pharynx, esophagus and stomach. a) Alimentary tract b) Anus c) Mouth d) Stomach WORLD HISTORY 1) DESCRIBE MARTIN LUTHER’S SPIRITUAL CONFLICT BEFORE HIS SALVATION? ANSWER: Luther's spiritual conflict began when he was a young man studying to become a priest. He was tormented by feelings of guilt and fear, convinced that he could never be good enough to earn God's favor or salvation. Luther was obsessed with the idea of sin and felt powerless to overcome it. 2) WHAT BIBLE PASSAGE HELPED HIM TO UNDERSTAND SALVATION? ANSWER: Luther's understanding of salvation is Romans 1:17: "For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed—a righteousness that is by faith from first to last, just as it is written: 'The righteous will live by faith.'" 3) NAME THE THREE MEN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SALE OF INDULGENCES IN GERMANY. ANSWER: Johann Tetzel, Albrecht von Brandenburg, and Pope Leo X are often cited as the three men responsible for the sale of indulgences in Germany during the 16th century. 4) WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE FOR THE NINETY-FIVE THESES? ANSWER: Luther's primary purpose in writing the Theses was to protest the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church. 5) GIVE THE DATE FOR THE NINETY-FIVE THESES? ANSWER: The Ninety-Five Theses were a list of arguments written by the German theologian Martin Luther in 1517. 6) HOW DID THE CONTROVERSY OVER THE THESES GROW? ANSWER: The Protestant Reformation was sparked in part by the publication of Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, which criticized the Catholic Church's practice of selling indulgences. Luther's ideas were seen as a threat to the Catholic Church's authority and led to a long and bitter religious conflict. 7) WHY IS THE MOVEMENT MARTIN LUTHER BEGAN CALLED THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION? ANSWER: The movement Martin Luther began in the 16th century is called the Protestant Reformation because it was a protest against the practices and doctrines of the Catholic Church. 8) WHAT WERE THE FOLLOWERS OF THIS MOVEMENT CALLED? ANSWER: These new churches were called Protestant because they "protested" against the Catholic Church's teachings and practices. 9) WHAT WAS THE RESULT OF THE DIET OF AUGSBURG? ANSWER: At this first Diet of Augsburg, the Protestant princes presented their beliefs in a document known as the "Augsburg Confession." Although the Emperor did not accept the Protestant faith, he did issue the "Edict of Augsburg" which granted limited legal recognition to the Lutheran Church. The second Diet of Augsburg took place in 1555 and was convened to try and resolve the ongoing conflict between Catholics and Protestants. The result of this second Diet was the "Peace of Augsburg," which formally recognized the Lutheran Church and granted individual German princes the right to choose the religion of their territories, either Catholic or Lutheran. This ended the armed conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Germany and was an important step towards religious tolerance in Europe. 10) WHO DID LUTHER DEBATE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG? ANSWER: Catholic theologian and professor Johann Eck at the University of Leipzig in Germany in July 1519. 11) WHAT DECLARATIONS WERE THE RESULTS OF LUTHER’S STUDY? ANSWER: One of the most significant declarations of his studies was the publication of his Ninety-five Theses in 1517. The Theses were a list of criticisms against the practices of the Catholic Church at the time, particularly regarding the sale of indulgences. Luther's writings and teachings ultimately led to the Protestant Reformation and the establishment of various Protestant denominations. 12) NAME THREE TRACTS MARTIN LUTHER WROTE IN 1520 AND GIVE THE SUBJECT OF EACH? ANSWER: (1)"Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation" - In this tract, Luther called for the German nobility to reform the church from within, as he believed the papacy was corrupt and in need of reform. He argued that the pope had no authority over secular rulers and that the church should be subject to the authority of the state. (2)"On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church" - This tract addressed the sacraments of the Catholic Church, specifically the Eucharist and the role of the priest in the Mass. Luther argued that the Catholic Church had reduced the sacraments to mere rituals and that the true meaning of the Eucharist had been lost. He called for a return to the biblical understanding of the sacraments. (3)"On the Freedom of a Christian" - This tract focused on the concept of salvation and the relationship between faith and good works. Luther argued that salvation comes through faith alone, and that good works are a result of faith rather than a means of earning salvation. He wrote that a Christian is both free from sin and a servant to others, emphasizing the importance of living a life of service to others. 13) WHO DID LUTHER MEET WITH AT THE DIET OF WORMS? ANSWER: Martin Luther, the German monk and theologian, met with Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521. 14) WHAT WAS THE OUTCOME OF THE MEETING AT THE DIET OF WORMS? ANSWER: Martin Luther was excommunicated. 15) WHERE DID MARTIN LUTHER HIDE FOLLOWING THE DIET OF WORMS? ANSWER: Luther spent around 10 months in hiding at Wartburg Castle, from May 1521 to March 1522. During this time, he grew a beard, assumed the pseudonym "Junker Jörg," and devoted himself to translating the New Testament into German. This translation was a significant achievement as it made the Bible accessible to the common people who could not read Latin, which was the language of the Church at the time. 16) WHAT WORK DID MARTIN LUTHER ACCOMPLISH WHILE HE WAS HIDING FOLLOWING THE DIET OF WORMS? ANSWER: One of the most significant works Luther accomplished during his time in hiding was his translation of the New Testament into German. This translation, completed in just eleven weeks, allowed ordinary people to read the Bible in their own language and helped to spread Luther's ideas throughout the German-speaking world. 17) WHAT KIND OF EFFECT DID THE WORK OF MARTIN LUTHER HAVE DURING HIS HIDING? ANSWER: Martin Luther's work during his hiding period had a profound impact on the history of Christianity and European culture, contributing to the growth of the Protestant Reformation and shaping the development of modern German language and literature. 18) DESCRIBE LUTHER’S REFORMS IN EDUCATION, CHURCH AND HOME. ANSWER: EDUCATION In education, Luther believed that education should be available to everyone, not just the elite CHURCH In the church, Luther's reforms challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and emphasized the importance of individual faith and direct communication with God. He believed that the Bible was the sole authority for Christian beliefs and that everyone should have access to it in their native language HOME In the home, Luther's reforms emphasized the importance of the family as the foundation of society. 19) WHAT WERE LUTHER’S VIEWS TOWARD MUSIC? ANSWER: Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and theologian, had a deep appreciation for music and its role in Christian worship. He believed that music had the power to move people's hearts and souls, and could help them connect with God. Luther's views toward music were positive and he believed that it was an important part of Christian worship and expression. 20) NAME A WELL-KNOWN HYMN WRITTEN BY MARTIN LUTHER. ANSWER: Luther encouraged the use of music in church services and composed many hymns himself, including the famous "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God." WORLD WAR 1 TRIPLE ALLIANCE The Triple Alliance was a military alliance formed in Europe in 1882 between the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. It was created primarily as a defense against the potential threat of France and Russia, who were aligned with each other in a military pact known as the Dual Alliance. WORLD WAR 1 TRIPLE ENTENTE The Triple Entente was a military alliance formed in 1907 between the United Kingdom, France, and Russia in the lead-up to World War I. It was formed in response to the Triple Alliance, which was a military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The treaty stipulated that if any of the three nations were attacked by two or more great powers, the other two would come to its aid. The alliance also included a pledge of mutual assistance in the event of a defensive war. The Triple Entente was initially formed as a diplomatic agreement, with the three countries pledging to consult each other on matters of mutual interest and to provide military support if any one of them was attacked by a member of the Triple Alliance. The alliance was further strengthened by the signing of various military agreements and treaties, such as the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907 and the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894. The Triple Alliance played a significant role in the outbreak of World War I, as it created a powerful bloc of nations that opposed the Triple Entente of Great Britain, France, and Russia. The alliance system increased tensions in Europe and contributed to the outbreak of war in 1914. WORLD WAR II CENTRAL POWERS During the war, Italy initially remained neutral, but later joined the Allied Powers in 1915, citing the failure of the Triple Alliance to provide mutual assistance as one of the reasons for its decision. The Central Powers of World War II were the alliance of countries led by Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan. The three powers formed the Axis alliance, which fought against the Allied Powers during World War II. Germany, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, was the driving force behind the Axis alliance. Italy, led by Benito Mussolini, joined the alliance in 1936, and Japan, led by Emperor Hirohito, joined in 1940. The Axis powers had a number of allies and puppet states, including Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and the Italian Social Republic, which was formed in 1943 after Italy's surrender to the Allies. Italy: Led by Benito Mussolini, Italy joined the Axis in 1940. Mussolini hoped to establish a new Roman Empire and expand Italian territory in Africa and the Mediterranean. Other countries that fought alongside the Axis Powers include: The Axis powers were opposed by the Allied Powers, which included the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, France, and China, among others. The war ended with the defeat of the Axis powers in 1945. WORLD WAR II AXIS POWERS Hungary: Led by Admiral Miklós Horthy, Hungary joined the Axis in 1940. Romania: Led by Marshal Ion Antonescu, Romania joined the Axis in 1940. The Axis Powers during World War II were the countries that fought against the Allies. The primary Axis Powers were: Bulgaria: Led by Tsar Boris III, Bulgaria joined the Axis in 1941. Germany: Led by Adolf Hitler, Germany was the dominant power in the Axis alliance. It invaded Poland in 1939, triggering the start of World War II. Thailand: Led by Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Thailand joined the Axis in 1941. Japan: Under Emperor Hirohito, Japan formed an alliance with Germany and Italy in 1940. Japan's attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor in December 1941 brought the US into the war. The Axis Powers were ultimately defeated by the Allied Powers in 1945. ENGLISH 1. What is a coordinating conjunction? a) A word that shows the relationship between a subject and a verb b) A word that connects words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance c) A word that shows contrast between two ideas d) A word that introduces a subordinate clause 2. Which of the following is a coordinating conjunction? a) Because b) Although c) Yet d) And 3. How many coordinating conjunctions are there in the English language? a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5 4. Which of the following is NOT a coordinating conjunction? a) Or b) But c) So d) Because 5. Which of the following sentences contains a coordinating conjunction? a) She likes to dance. b) He plays basketball and soccer. c) Although it was raining, we went for a walk. d) The cat sat on the windowsill. 6. What is the coordinating conjunction in the following sentence? "I want to go to the beach, but I don't have any sunscreen." a) and b) or c) but d) because 7. Which of the following is an example of a coordinating conjunction used to join phrases? a) I ate pizza for lunch, so I'm not very hungry. b) I want to go to the store and buy some milk. c) She ran quickly but fell down. d) He studied hard but failed the test. 8. Which of the following is a subordinating conjunction? a) and b) or c) if d) both a and b 9. Which of the following is NOT a subordinating conjunction? a) because b) although c) furthermore d) whenever 10. What type of clause does a subordinating conjunction introduce? a) main clause b) subordinate clause c) independent clause d) coordinating clause 11. Which subordinating conjunction indicates a condition? a) although b) because c) if d) since 12. Which subordinating conjunction indicates contrast or opposition? a) because b) since c) although d) so 13. What is a conjunction? A) A type of verb B) A type of noun C) A type of word used to connect clauses or sentences 14. Which of the following is a coordinating conjunction? A) Although B) Because C) And D) While 15. Which of the following is a subordinating conjunction? A) Or B) Yet C) Until D) Both A and C 16. Which of the following is a correlative conjunction? A) As B) Either C) Although D) Because 17. Identify the conjunction in the following sentence: "I will go to the store, but first I need to finish my homework." A) I B) Store C) But D) First EXERCISE 1: IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION IN EACH SENTENCE. ENCIRCLE YOUR CONJUNCTION. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. I want to go to the beach, but I have to finish my homework first. She enjoys reading novels and watching movies. He is tall, dark, and handsome. You can have cake or ice cream for dessert. Although it was raining, we still went for a walk. Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunctions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. She doesn't like coffee _____ she drinks it anyway. I will go for a walk _____ it starts raining. He was tired _____ he stayed up late to finish his project. She is both smart _____ hardworking. I like to swim _____ I don't like to get my hair wet.
