FINAL EXAM REVIEW ADN150, 2022
UNITS ONE AND TWO
1. Be able to define and apply the elements of a Culture of Safety and Patient Centered Care
and apply it to specific situations such as the OR, palliative and hospice care, medication
distribution, bundles and protocols such as VAP and CAUTI
2. Be able to apply cultural competence to patient situations and advocacy
3. Identify safety issues, education and competencies involved with transitional care
4. Differentiate between Acute and Chronic pain
5. Define and apply Health Literacy, patient advocacy, clinical reasoning (mindfulness,
recognition of cues and S/S, prioritization, thinking in action)
6. Understand the responsibilities of the nurse in pre, intra and postop along with the risks of
anesthesia and surgery and the preventative methods to be utilized to prevent possible issues
7. Identify the assessment issues that need to be present prior to discharge from PACU and/or
to home
INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNE
1. Understand the effects of the inflammatory process and the immune response in disorders
such as : autoimmune disorders, anaphylaxis, burns, sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease and
any itis that is encountered
2. Understand the laboratory findings that indicate inflammation: C-Reactive protein, Sed rate,
WBCs, Neutrophils, albumin and their significance. "Left Shift"
3. Understand the systemic and local effects of RA and SLE as well as treatment for both
4. Define anaphylaxis and describe the inflammatory and immune responses as well as
medical and nursing intervention
FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES
1. Application of principles of F/E will be reflected in GI, cardiac, renal and immune responses
along with dehydration and burns. (Including electrolytes and acid-base)
2. Understand accurate interpretation of hypo and hyper states of electrolytes and appropriate
interventions (particularly K+, Na+, Ca+ and Phosphorus)
3. Review ABGs and be able to interpret values
GASTROINTESTINAL
1. Understand common gastrointestinal disorders, their pathophysiology, S/S and treatment
(including medical treatment and diagnosis, education and lifestyle changes such as diet):
GERD, Gastritis, Diverticulosis and itis, PUD, Appendicitis, Obstruction, Peritonitis,
Hepatitis,Cirrhosis, Pancreatitis (Please know potential effects of these disorders: perforation,
peritonitis, pleural effusion, esophageal varices, and renal failure
2. Understand the laboratory and diagnostic findings that distinguish GI issues (i.e. bilirubin)
3. Look for the commonalities in treatment but also the differences based on disorder
4. Consider gastric surgeries including bariatric surgeries and the long term effects of these
surgeries such as B12 deficiency, dumping syndrome, nutritional deficiencies, low calcium
ENDOCRINE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Understand Thyroid assessment (laboratory and s/s)
Understand different types and causes of thyroid diseases
Review SIADH
Review Cushing’s and Addison’s
Differentiate between type I and II Diabetes Mellitus (contributing factors, causes, treatment,
long term effects)
6. Understand s/s of hypoglycemia and appropriate interventions
7. Know s/s of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with appropriate treatment
8. Understand the labs associated with diabetes and their significance
9. Be able to differentiate between broad categories of insulin types and their purpose
10. Understand diet education of the patient with diabetes
RESPIRATORY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Understand anatomy of pulmonary system
Review terminology: atelectasis, oxygenation, pleural effusion, pulmonary emboli
Understand all aspects of asthma: causes, treatment (medications – rescue and maintenance)
Know causes, s/s and treatment for COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
Understand types of pneumonia, risk factors and appropriate treatment, nursing interventions
CARDIAC
1. Review anatomy and function of cardiac system
2. Understand cardiac output and s/s of poor perfusion
3. Understand patho, s/s, diagnostic values, surgical/medial, pharm, and nursing interventions for
a. Hypertension
b. Atherosclerosis/Arteriosclerosis
c. CAD
d. Right and Left HF (differentiate between the two)
e. MI
f. Atrial Fibrillation
4. Understand pre and post nursing responsibilities associated with cardiac procedures (cardiac
catheterization, angiograms, Stent placements
5. Understand treatment options: fluid restrictions, diet, diuretics, antihypertensives
6. Review medications: Digoxin, Antihypertensives, Statins, Diuretics, anti-platelets,
anticoagulants
VASCULAR
1. Review normal anatomy and function of vascular system
2. Review patho, s/s, lab/diagnostics, surgical/medical, pharm and nursing interventions for
a. Arterial insufficiency (PAD), Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
b. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
c. S/S of PE and initial interventions
RENAL
Both weeks are fair game. Focus on the many functions of the renal system (tie this back to
fluid and electrolytes) and the effects on the patient. Know your labs and electrolytes
Review glomerulonephritis (causes, treatment) as well as PKD
Differentiate between AKI and CKD: causes, treatment, S/S
Understand the stages of CKD and the systemic effects and treatments and the phases of
resolution of AKI
Review tumor lysis syndrome as well as rhabdomyolosis
Understand the differences and purposes of various types of dialysis: hemodialysis, peritoneal
dialysis and CRRT
Kidney transplant: candidates and donor issues, follow up and S/S related to rejection either
acute or chronic
MALE REPRODUCTIVE
All is fair game but pay particular attention to BPH: cause, effects and potential long term
issues as well as treatment options
Know the significance of the male hormones, male anatomy
Know: S/S, diagnostics, treatment options for: testicular cancer, prostate cancer, infertility,
STIs, erectile dysfunction and their treatment (including education)