Questions on the Earthquakes Explained PowerPoint
Name and Class:
Total Marks: 41
Hao rui
1. Explain what an earthquake is.
Vibrations of the earth caused by the release of energy
2. Explain what the… is.
a. Focus
The point within the earth where the earthquake begins
(2 marks)
(1 mark)
b. Epicentre
The surface of the earth directly above the focus
(1 mark)
c. Fault
Fractures in the earth where movements have occured
(1 mark)
3. Complete the diagram by filling in the missing labels.
(5 marks)
Fault scarp
Epicentre
Wave front
Focus
Fault
4. Explain what the elastic rebound hypothesis is.
(2 marks)
Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of elestic energy
stored in rock that has been subjected to great forces.
When the strength of the rock is exceeded, it suddenly breaks
causing the vibrations of an earthquake.
5. Explain what a/an… is
a. Foreshock
(1 mark)
A small earthquake before the main earthquake
b. Aftershock
A small earthquake after the main earthquake
(1 mark)
6. Name three ways in which we can measure earthquake waves.
Seismographs
Seismograms
Surface waves
7. Explain what a P wave is.
(3 marks)
8. Explain what a S wave is.
(4 marks)
(3 marks)
9. Name the 2 measuring techniques in which scientists can measure the strength
of an earthquake.
(2 marks)
10. Name 4 factors that determine if a building receives any structural damage due
to an earthquake.
(4 marks)
11. Explain the term liquefaction.
(2 marks)
12. What is the meaning of the Japanese word “tsunami”?
(1 mark)
13. How can an earthquake cause a tsunami?
(1 mark)
14. In general, can an earthquake that occurs on land cause a tsunami. Explain why
or why not.
(2 marks)
15. Name 2 other dangers that may occur from an earthquake.
(2 marks)
16. The Earth interior consists of three major zones defined by their chemical
composition. Names those three layers/zones.
(3 marks)