SHS
Practical Research I
Quarter 3: Week 1 - Module 1
Qualitative Research
Practical Research 1
Grade 11 Quarter 3: Week 1 - Module 1: Qualitative Research
First Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.
Development Team of the Module
Author: Wilhelm Francis C. Saldo, MT I
Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II
Management Team:
Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.
Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS
Rominel S. Sobremonte, Ed.D, EPS in Charge of Science
Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II
Target
The world is facing a lot of problems these days that requires immediate
solution; there are questions arising that needs an answer; and cases that are to be
solved. The answers to all of these should be based from our creative minds and not
based on belief, guesses or mere theories. Thus, research plays a very important role.
Research requires us to plan and make use of a systematized procedures in creating
solutions to meet the needs of today’s generation. The hope of the coming generations
lies to the brilliant minds of the youth of today.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
a. shares research experience and knowledge CS_RS11IIIa-1
b. explains the importance of research in daily life CS_RS11IIIa-2
c. describes characteristics, processes and ethics of research
CS_RS11IIIa-3
d. differentiate qualitative from quantitative research CS_RS11IIIa-4
e. provides examples of research in areas of interest CS_RS11IIIa-5
f. describes characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
qualitative research CS_RS11IIIa-6
g. illustrates the importance of qualitative research across fields
CS_RS11IIIa-7
Pre-Test
Direction: Answer the following questions by choosing the letter of the correct
answer. Write your answers in a separate sheet.
1. Which of the following is NOT an importance of research?
A. It gives as light to inquire for the right information
B. It helps us develop the right attitude to not believe in anything easily
C. It empowers us with knowledge and new learning
D. None of these
2. Which importance of research is described in the statement below?
“Results of research helped us to mark out the thin line between truth
and lie.”
A. To make changes
c. To know the truth
B. For a safer life
d. Gain essential information
3. Which importance of research is described in the statement below?
Research creates change as a result of intense study on exiting
knowledge and policy.”
A. To make changes
B. To know the truth
C. For a safer life
D. Gain essential information
4. Which of the following refers to the characteristic of research to be orderly
based on procedures and principles?
A. Empirical
B. Systematic
C. Controlled
D. Analytical
5. What characteristic of research is shown in the statement below?
“Research is based on direct experience by the researcher.”
A. Empirical
C. Systematic
B. Controlled
D. Analytical
6. What ethical principle in research refers to being open to criticism and new
ideas?
A. Honesty
B. Objectivity
C. Integrity
D. Openness
7. Which if the following does not belong to the group?
A. Qualities
B. Behaviors
C. Complexities
D. Quantities
8. What type of questions are often times asked in a qualitative type of
research?
A. Why and How
B. How many and What
C. Why and How many
D. None of these
9. What area of interest should you focus if you want to determine statistical
profiles of the Philippine population in the past years?
A. History
B. Psychology
C. Arts
D. Sports
10. What area of interest should you focus if you want to determine the
relationship between sales and advertisement?
A. ICT
B. Social Science C. Business
D. Agriculture
11. What characteristic of qualitative research refers to the ability to seek
understanding without judgement?
A. Emphatic Neutrality
B. Personal Experience
C. Dynamic Systems
D. Unique Case Orientation
12. Which kind of qualitative research refers to an inductive technique
developed for health-related topics?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Case Study
C. Historical Research
D. Ethnography
13. Which kind of qualitative research refers to the systematic collection and
objective evaluation of data related to past occurrence?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Historical Research
C. Case Study
D. Ethnography
14. Which kind of qualitative research refers to a detailed study of a specific
subject such as person, group, place and organization?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Historical Research
C. Case Study
D. Ethnography
15. Which kind of qualitative research refers to a method often used in social
sciences to gather data on human societies or cultures?
A. Grounded Theory
B. Case Study
C. Historical Research
D. Ethnography
Lesson
Importance and
Characteristics of
Qualitative Research
1
Jumpstart
For you to understand the lesson well, do the following
activities.
Activity 1. Word Search
Find at least five (5) hidden words in the puzzle below and try to define
each. Place your answers in a separate sheet.
R
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C
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Q
W
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D
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X
P
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F
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N
V
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G
H
J
K
L
M
N
E
R
T
D
Q
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D
F
Q
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A
L
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T
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H
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A
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K
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Discover
The main purpose of research is to inform action, to prove a theory and to
contribute to the developing knowledge in a field or study. It is of great importance
in all fields of specialization for it helps us to seek truth, information and knowledge.
Research allows individuals to capture ways of looking at ideas and issues
and to think creatively about problems that have no simple answer. It paves way to
new ideas and discovery of things that will benefit man above all.
What is research?
Research is a careful consideration of study regarding a particular concern or
problem using a process of inquiry. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert
Babbie, “Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control
the observed phenomenon.
What is the importance of Research in Daily Life?
Research plays a very important role in our daily life. It gives as light to inquire
for the right information. It helps us develop the right attitude to not believe in
anything easily and most especially, it empowers us with knowledge and efficient
learning of new things.
To assimilate more, take time to read the following significant texts showing
the importance of research in our daily life.
1. Gain Essential Information: Research provides important information in the
different areas of interest. It helps you get acquainted with the process and
resources involved in your research.
2. To Make Changes: Research creates change as a result of intense study on
existing knowledge and policy.
3. To Enhance the Standard of Living: New inventions are made possible
through research that made the life of man comfortable. It resulted to the
advancement of knowledge leading to the development in different fields like
transportation and communication.
4. For a Safer Life: Discoveries resulted to improved life expectancy and health
conditions of human kind. New machines and drugs helped in treatment and
diagnosis of different diseases.
5. To Know the Truth: The results of research helped us to mark out the thin
line between truth and lie.
6. To Explore the History: Research enables human to learn and understand
more about our forefathers and helps us learn from their mistakes and
experiences.
7. To Understand the Arts: Research helps us to understand and appreciate
the work of artists in literature, painting and other fine arts.
Characteristics of Research
1. Empirical: Research is based on direct experience or observation by the
researcher. Most researches are based on real-life situation.
2. Systematic: Research follows an orderly procedure based on valid procedures
and principles.
3. Controlled: In research, all variables except those that are tested are kept
constant.
4. Analytical: Research utilizes proven analytical procedure in gathering the
data.
5. Objective: Research is unbiased. All findings are logically based on data.
The Process of Research
There are a variety of approaches to research in any field of investigation,
irrespective of whether it is applied research or basic research. Each particular
research study will be unique in some ways because of the particular time, setting,
environment, and place in which it is being undertaken.
Nevertheless, all research endeavors share a common goal of furthering our
understanding of the problem and thus all traverse through certain basic stages,
forming a process called the research process.
An understanding of the research process is necessary to effectively carry out
research and sequencing of the stages inherent in the process.
These 8 stages in the research process
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Identifying the problem.
Reviewing literature.
Setting research questions, objectives, and hypotheses.
Choosing the study design.
Deciding on the sample design.
Collecting data.
Processing and analyzing data.
Writing the report.
The research process outlined is a part and parcel of a research. It is an outline
of your commitment that you intend to follow in executing a research study.
Ethics in Research
Research Ethics provides guidelines for the responsible conduct of research.
It educates and monitors the conduct of researches to ensure high ethical standards.
The following shows why is it important to adhere to the ethical norms in research:
a. Norms promote the aims of research such as knowledge, truth and
evidence of error.
b. Ethical standards promote the values that are essential to collaborative
work.
c. Ethical norms held researchers accountable to the general public.
d. Norms in research help establish public support, quality and integrity of
research.
Ethical Principles in Research
a. Honesty: Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and
publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data.
b. Objectivity: Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data
interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert
testimony, and other aspects of research.
c. Integrity: Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity; strive for
consistency of thought and action.
d. Carefulness: Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically
examine your own work and the work of your peers. Keep good records of
research activities.
e. Openness: Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to criticism
and new ideas.
f. Respect for Intellectual Property: Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms
of intellectual property. Do not use unpublished data, methods, or results
without permission. Give credit where credit is due. Never plagiarize.
g. Confidentiality: Protect confidential communications, such as papers or
grants submitted for publication, personnel records, trade or military secrets,
and patient records.
h. Responsible Publication: Publish in order to advance research and
scholarship, not to advance just your own career. Avoid wasteful and
duplicative publication.
i.
Responsible Mentoring: Help to educate, mentor, and advise students.
Promote their welfare and allow them to make their own decisions.
j.
Respect for Colleagues: Respect your colleagues and treat them fairly.
k. Social Responsibility: Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate
social harms through research, public education, and advocacy.
l.
Non-Discrimination: Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on
the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their
scientific competence and integrity.
m. Competence: Maintain and improve your own professional competence and
expertise through lifelong education and learning; take steps to promote
competence in science as a whole.
n. Legality: Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and governmental
policies.
Explore
Activity 1. Research in Daily Life
In a 2 to 3-minute video, discuss creatively how research made an impact to
you as a student. You will be rated using a rubric found below:
Criteria
Organization
1
2
3
4
The
presentation
was difficult to
follow due to
disorganization
of the
utterances.
Accuracy
of It was hard to
Language Use understand
due
to incorrect use
of vocabulary
and grammar
The
presentation
was not easy to
follow.
The
presentation
was easy to
follow.
The
presentation
was very easy
to follow.
The student
made some
mistakes in
vocabulary
and
grammar
The student
communicated
well using
correct
vocabulary
and
grammar
Understanding
of Topic
The
student
did
not show an
adequate
understanding
of the topic
Accuracy of
Information
Most of the
information
was
inaccurate or
not clear
The student
clearly
understood
most
aspects of the
topic and
presented
his/her
information
with
ease
Most
information
presented in
writing was
clear,
but was not
usually
accurate
The student
made a few
mistakes in
vocabulary
and
grammar but
there were no
patterns of
errors
The student
seemed to
understand
the
main points
of
the topic and
presented
those
with ease
Most
information
presented in
writing was
clear,
accurate
and
thorough
All
information
presented in
writing was
clear, accurate
and thorough.
The student
clearly
understood
the
topic in-depth
and presented
his/her
information
convincingly
Activity 2. The Research Process
Copy the graphic organizer below and supply the needed information
showing the Process of Research.
1.
___________
8.
___________
2.
___________
7.
___________
3.
___________
6.
___________
4.
___________
5.
___________
Activity 3. The Ethics of Research
Based on what you have learned in this module, create at least five (5)
situations showing the ethical principles in research. Follow the template found
below:
1. Ethical Principle: __________________
Situation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Ethical Principle: __________________
Situation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Ethical Principle: __________________
Situation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Ethical Principle: __________________
Situation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Ethical Principle: __________________
Situation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Deepen
Answer the following questions based on what you have learned in this lesson.
Make your answers brief yet substantial.
1. What is Research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What makes research important to you as a student?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the things you should consider in conducting a research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Why is it necessary for researchers to follow the process of research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Lesson
2
Quantitative and Qualitative
Research
Jumpstart
For you to understand the lesson well, do the following
activities.
Activity 1. Complete me!
Using a separate sheet, complete the table below by filling out the needed
information.
Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research
Definition
Type of Data Collected
Type of Data Analysis
Role of the Researcher
Activity 2. Enumerate!
Enumerate at least three (3) fields of research you would like to work on using
qualitative research. Place your answers in a separate sheet.
Discover
Quantitative and Qualitative Research are two broad categories in
educational research. These two could differ in terms of purpose, type of data
collected and others.
Quantitative Research is defined as a systematic investigation of phenomena
by gathering quantifiable data and performing statistical, mathematical, or
computational techniques while Qualitative Research involves collecting and
analyzing non-numerical data (e.g., text, video, or audio) to understand concepts,
opinions, or experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem
or generate new ideas for research.
Comparison Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Criteria
Definition
Qualitative Research
A type of educational
research where the
researcher relies on the view
of the participants
It aims to understand and
interpret social interaction
Quantitative Research
A type of educational
research where the
researcher decides what to
study.
Purpose
It aims to test hypothesis,
look at cause and effects and
to make predictions
Group Studied
Smaller and not randomly Larger and randomly selected
selected
Variable
Study of the whole and not Specific variables studied
variables
Type
of
Data Words, images and objects
Numbers and statistics
Collected
Form
of
Data Qualitative Data like open- Quantitative Data as results
Collected
ended responses, interviews, of experiments.
observations and notes
Role
of
the Researcher and their biases Researcher and their biases
Researcher
maybe known to participants are not known to participants
in the study, and participants in
the
study,
and
characteristics maybe known participants characteristics
to the researcher
are deliberately hidden from
the research.
Analysis
Inductive (by the Researcher) Deductive
(by
statistical
Methods)
Results
Particular
or
specialized Generalizable findings that
findings
that
is
less can be applied to other
generalizable
populations
Final Report
Narrative
Report
with Statistical
Report
with
contextual descriptions
correlations, comparison of
means
and
statistical
significance
Observed
Questions asked
Qualities,
behaviors
complexities
Why and How
and Quantities, scales and trends
Criteria
Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research
Identifying
Research
Problem
Review of
Literature
Detailed understanding of a
central phenomenon
Description of trends or
explanation of relationships
Justify the importance of
studying the research
problem
Justifying the research
problem and the need of the
direction of the study
Specifying
Research Purpose
Collection of
Data
Seek to understand the
participants experiences
Gather words or image data
from small number of
individuals
Analysis and
Interpretation of
Data
Reporting and
Evaluation
Text analysis and
interpretation of themes
Seek observable data on
variables
Collection of data using
instruments with preset
questions from large
individuals
Data analysis using
statistical analysis
Takes a subjective and bias
approach
Flexible, emerging structure
and evaluative criteria
How many and What
Tend to use standard fixed
structures and evaluation
criteria
Takes an objective and
unbiased approach.
Examples of Qualitative and Quantitative Research Topics in the Different
Areas of Interest
Research studies happen in any field of knowledge depending on the interest
of the researcher. You have the option to choose on what area would you like to
study. Below are examples of topics in different fields that can serve as your basis
when you will work on your research paper.
Areas of
Discipline
Medicine
Arts
Sports
Psychology
Business
Example of Research
Qualitative
Quantitative
Disease prevention
Studies on the development
mechanisms.
of vaccines for Corona Virus
Life and works of different
Experiment on goon paint
artists in the Philippines
substance and painting
material
Common characteristics of
Development of materials to
children into and not into
be used in sports
sports
Behavior of Students in
Impact of music to the
School
behavior of children
Behavioral traits of product
Relationship between
patrons in the last 10 years
expenditures in
advertisements and sales
Agriculture
Health benefits of organically
grown vegetables to elderly
Fisheries
Fishermen’s adjustment
mechanisms during dry
season.
Effects of Technology use to
the study habits of students.
ICT
Social Science
Ethnographic Study of
cultural group in the
Philippines.
Effects of organic fertilizers
in vegetable production and
sales
Environmental factors
affecting the number of
fishes caught in a place.
Impact of online platforms to
Students Achievement in
their subjects
Quantitative analysis in
social science.
Explore
Activity 1. Identify Me!
From the box found below, determine which item/s describe/s qualitative
and quantitative research. Write the full text in a separate sheet following the
template found below.
a. A type of educational research where the researcher relies on the view of
the participants
b. Collection of data using instruments with preset questions from large
individuals
c. Seek to understand the participants experiences
d. Qualities, behaviors and complexities
e. Tend to use standard fixed structures and evaluation criteria
f. Narrative Report with contextual descriptions
g. Researcher and their biases maybe known to participants in the study,
and participants characteristics maybe known to the researcher
Quantitative Research
Qualitative Research
Activity 2. Research in different fields
Enumerate at least three (3) research topics under qualitative research
related to your field of specialization that you would like to work on. Write your
answers in a separate sheet following the template found below:
1. Topic: __________________________________________________________________
2. Topic: __________________________________________________________________
3. Topic: __________________________________________________________________
Deepen
Answer the following questions based on what you have learned in this
lesson. Make your answers brief yet substantial.
1. What makes qualitative research different from quantitative research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the similarities between quantitative and qualitative research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What areas of concern would you like to study using qualitative type of
research?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Lesson
3
Qualitative Research
Jumpstart
Activity 1. Unscramble me!
Unscramble the letters to determine the word/s and term/s hidden. Define
each term after. Write your answers in a separate sheet following the template
below.
1. ATAD: _______________
Definition:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. CDMYNIA SMSSYTE: ______________
Definition:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. MEERGNTE: _____________
Definition:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. UIQALATTIEV ESRAECHR: _________________
Definition:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. EESRAHRC: ________________
Definition:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Discover
Qualitative Research is commonly called interpretative research. Its method
relies heavily on “thick” verbal description of a particular context being studied.
Generally speaking, qualitative research spends a great deal of time in the setting
being studied; rely on themselves as the main instrument of data collection; and
analyze data using interpretative lenses.
Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Design
a. Naturalistic: refers to studying real-world situations as they unfold naturally;
nonmanipulative and noncontrolling; the researcher is open to whatever
emerges.
b. Emergent: acceptance of adapting inquiry as understanding deepens and/or
situations change; the researcher avoids rigid designs that eliminate
responding to opportunities to pursue new paths of discovery as they emerge.
c. Purposeful: cases for study are selected because they are “information rich”
and illuminative. That is, they offer useful manifestations of the phenomenon
of interest; sampling is aimed at insight about the phenomenon, not empirical
generalization derived from a sample and applied to a population.
Collection of Data
a. Personal experience and engagement: The researcher has direct contact with
and gets close to the people, situation, and phenomenon under investigation.
b. Empathic neutrality: An empathic stance in working with study respondents
seek vicarious understanding without judgment [neutrality] by showing
openness, sensitivity, respect, awareness, and responsiveness; in observation,
it means being fully present [mindfulness].
c. Dynamic systems: There is attention to process; assumes change is ongoing,
whether the focus is on an individual, an organization, a community, or an
entire culture, therefore, the researcher is mindful of and attentive to system
and situational dynamics.
Analysis
a. Unique case orientation: Assumes that each case is special and unique.
b. Inductive analysis: Immersion in the details and specifics of the data to
discover important patterns, themes, and inter-relationships; begins by
exploring, then confirming findings, guided by analytical principles rather
than rules.
c. Holistic perspective: The whole phenomenon under study is understood as a
complex system that is more than the sum of its parts; the focus is on complex
interdependencies and system dynamics that cannot be reduced in any
meaningful way to linear, cause and effect relationships and/or a few discrete
variables.
d. Context sensitive: Places findings in a social, historical, and temporal context;
researcher is careful about the possibility or meaningfulness of
generalizations across time and space; emphasizes careful comparative case
analyses and extrapolating patterns for possible transferability and
adaptation in new settings.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research is more focused on exploring the issues, understanding
the actual problem and enabling oneself to answer all the questions. It is more
dependent on deriving the value of variables in their natural setting. The data via
this method is collected by asking open ended questions and serving with the direct
quotations. Qualitative can be beneficial in the following ways:
a. All the problems and the topics covered under this research are in detail.
b. This method majorly focuses on small groups which ultimately do not require
more expenses when compared to quantitative research.
c. On the emergence of new developed information and findings, the revision,
direction and framework of the data can be done easily quickly.
d. The data is collected from a small group which bounds it to be universal for a
large population.
e. The data with this method is collected based on genuine efforts and gives a
clear vision on what can be expected.
Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
a. As the data is collected for a small group, due to which assumptions cannot
be made beyond the small group of people.
b. It becomes difficult to demonstrate, maintain and assess the rigidity of the
data.
c. Collection of statistical data is not easy and cannot be done solely by using
this method.
d. As the data is in big quantity, analysis and interpretation of the data takes
much time.
e. The responses of the subjects might be affected as the researchers are
bound to be present during the process of data gathering.
Kinds of Qualitative Research
a. Ethnography
A qualitative research method often used in the social sciences that is
often used in gathering data on human societies/cultures. Ethnography,
simply stated, is the study of people in their own environment through the use
of methods such as participant observation and face-to-face interviewing.
Data collection is done through participant observation, interviews and
questionnaires.
b. Phenomenology
Describes the structure of experience as they present themselves to
consciousness, without resources to theory, deductions or assumptions from
other discipline such as the social sciences. It seeks to achieve deep
understanding of the phenomenon by rigorous and systematic examination of
it. Its purpose is to describe essence of lived experiences.
c. Grounded Theory
An inductive technique developed for health-related topics. It is
emerged from the discipline of sociology. The term “grounded” means that the
theory developed from the research is grounded or has its roots from the data
from which It has derived.
d. Historical Research
Historical Research is the systemic collection and objective evaluation
of data related to past occurrence.
e. Case Study
A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject, such as a person,
group, place, event, organization, or phenomenon. It is used to test theoretical
models by using it in real world situation.
Importance of Qualitative Research Across Fields
a. Social Work
Qualitative Research Studies in social work represents the best
available research on emerging problems or application of evidence to diverse
population.
b. Marketing
Qualitative research in marketing can be used to test new ideas or
products and to gain a realistic view of how customers or clients would react
to that particular product.
c. Business
Data from quantitative research such as market size, demographics,
and user preferences provide important information for business decisions.
Qualitative research provides valuable data for use in the design of a product
including data about user needs, behavior patterns, and use cases.
d. Sports
The results of qualitative research can inform stakeholders about
facilitators and obstacles to exercise, motivation and adherence, the influence
of experiences, beliefs, disability and capability on physical activity, exercise
engagement and performance, and to test strategies that maximize physical
performance.
e. Medicine
The goal of qualitative research is to help us gain an understanding as
to how or why certain things occur. Qualitative research seeks that
understanding through observation and interviews, both of which provide
insight into the research question.
f. Psychology
Qualitative
research is
an important alternative
to
quantitative research in psychology. It generally involves asking
broader research questions, collecting more detailed data (e.g., interviews),
and using non-statistical analyses.
g. Arts
Qualitative is important in arts since with the use of this research
people could be able to reach new ideas and conclusions which will help
people improve arts and discover new techniques and any other more.
h. Literature
The way one deals with the literature plays a crucial and guiding role
in the iterative process between theory and data because it determines how
existing theories are dealt with in the design and conduct of research. As such,
considerations as to when and how to use the literature acquire great
importance.
i. Agriculture and Fisheries
Interviews are a key element of qualitative research fisheries scientists
may incorporate to improve understanding of why fisheries operate as they
do, and what the effects of policy changes are likely to be.
Explore
Activity 1. Show Me!
Complete the graphic organizer below by filling out the blanks showing the salient
characteristics of qualitative research. Use a separate sheet for you answer.
Qualitaive
Research
Activity 2. Give me!
Search for studies conducted by researchers under the kinds of qualitative research.
Follow the template below for your answers.
Kind of Qualitative
Research
1. Ethnography
Research Title
2. Phenomenology
3. Grounded
Theory
4. Historical
Research
5. Case Study
Deepen
Answer the following questions based on what you have learned in this
lesson. Make your answers brief yet substantial.
1. Briefly discuss the characteristics, kinds, strengths and weaknesses of
qualitative research.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Is qualitative research important? Explain briefly and site examples.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you think is the importance of Qualitative Research in your filed of
specialization?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Gauge
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers in a
separate sheet.
1. Which of the following is a function of research?
A. Describe
B. Explain
C. Predict
D. All of these
2. Which of these is NOT an importance of research in our daily life?
A. Gain unessential information
B. Know the truth
C. Make changes
D. Safer life
3. Which of the following characteristics of research utilizes proven analytical
procedures in gathering data?
A. Empirical
B. Controlled
C. Systematic
D. Analytical
4. Wilhelm reports the result of observation based on the gathered data in his
research. He never tried to fabricate, falsify and misinterpret data. What
ethical principle is being shown?
A. Honesty
B. Carefulness
C. Objectivity
D. Integrity
5. Is it important to follow the research process in conducting a research work?
A. No, for it will just add up to your stress in writing your research paper.
B. No, because you can start right away with the last step to finish the
research work in a short span of time.
C. Yes, to effectively carry out the research work and to be systematic in
writing your research paper.
D. Yes, because it is what is required.
6. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
A. Images
b. Words
c. Objects
d. Numbers
7. What form of data is being collected in qualitative research?
I. Interview results II. Observations and Notes III. Experiment results
A. I only
B. I and II
C. I, II and III
D. II only
8. Which importance of research is described in the statement below?
“Results of research helped us to mark out the thin line between truth
and lie.”
A. To make changes
B. To know the truth
C. For a safer life
D. Gain essential information
9. What area of research is employed if you wanted to study the Effectiveness of
a Newly Discovered Drug?
A. Medicine
B. Arts
C. Sports
D. History
10. What area of research is employed if you wanted to study the behavior of
children listening to a particular genre of music?
A. Medicine
B. Arts
C. Sports
D. Psychology
11. What characteristic of qualitative research is employed in the situation
below?
“Studying real-world situation as it unfolds naturally”
A. Naturalistic B. Emergent
C. Purposeful
D. Dynamic
12. Which of the following refers to a detailed study of a specific subject such as
person, group, place, event and phenomenon?
A. Case Study B. Grounded Theory C. Ethnography D. Phenomenology
13. Which of these refers to the systematic collection of data related to past
occurrences?
A. Case Study B. Grounded Theory C. Ethnography
D. Historical
14. Which of the following refers to the importance of qualitative research in
Social Work?
A. It represents the best available research on emerging problem or
application of evidence in diverse population.
B. Used in testing new ideas of product and to gain a realistic view of how
customers would react to a product.
C. Used in order for people to reach new ideas and conclusion for people
to improve their art.
D. Used to improve understanding policy changes in the field of fisheries.
15.
Which of the following refers to the importance of qualitative research in Arts?
A. It represents the best available research on emerging problem or
application of evidence in diverse population.
B. Used in testing new ideas of product and to gain a realistic view of how
customers would react to a product.
C. Used in order for people to reach new ideas and conclusion for people
to improve their art.
D. Used to improve understanding policy changes in the field of fisheries.
Lesson 1
Jump Start Activity 1. Word Search
Find at least five (5) hidden words in the puzzle below
and try to define each. Place your answers in a separate sheet.
1.
Research 2. Explore 3. Evidence 4. Quantitative 5.
Information
6. Qualitative 7. Inquiry
Note: Definition of each term may vary depending on the
answer of the students.
Explore Activity 1. Research in Daily Life
In a 2 to 3-minute video, discuss creatively how research made an
impact to you as a student.
Note: Output of students vary. Please refer to the rubrics for
reference.
Activity 2. The Research Process
Copy the graphic organizer below and supply the needed
information showing the Process of Research.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Identifying the problem.
Reviewing literature.
Setting research questions, objectives, and hypotheses.
Choosing the study design.
Deciding on the sample design.
Collecting data.
Processing and analyzing data.
Writing the report.
Activity 3. The Ethics of Research
Based on what you have learned in this module, create at
least five (5) situations showing the ethical principles in research.
Note: Answers of students may vary.
Deepen Answer the following questions based on what you
have learned in this lesson. Make your answers brief yet
substantial.
Pre-Test
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. A
9. A
10. C
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. C
15. D
Gauge
1. D
2. A
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. D
11. A
12. A
13. D
14. A
15. C
Note: Answers may vary.
Answer Key
Lesson II
Jump Start
Activity 1. Complete me!
Using a separate sheet, complete the table below by filling out the needed information.
Note: Answers of students may vary.
Activity 2. Enumerate!
Enumerate at least three (3) fields of research you would like to work on using qualitative
research. Place your answers in a separate sheet.
Note: Answers of students may vary.
Explore
Activity 1. Identify Me!
From the box found below, determine which item/s describe/s qualitative and
quantitative research.
Qualities, behaviors and complexities
Researcher and their biases maybe
known to participants in the study,
and participants characteristics
maybe known to the researcher
Seek to understand the participants
experiences
Tend to use standard fixed structures
and evaluation criteria
Qualitative Research
A type of educational research where
the researcher relies on the view of
the participants
Quantitative Research
Collection of data using instruments
with preset questions from large
individuals
Narrative Report with contextual
descriptions
Activity 2. Research in different fields
Enumerate at least three (3) research topics under qualitative research related to your
field of specialization that you would like to work on.
Note: Answers of student may vary.
Deepen
Answer the following questions based on what you have learned in this lesson. Make
your answers brief yet substantial.
Note: Answers of students may vary.
Lesson III
Jump Start
Activity 1. Unscramble me!
Unscramble the letters to determine the word/s and term/s hidden. Define each term
after.
1. Data
2. Dynamic System
4. Qualitative Research
Note: For the definitions, students’ answers may vary.
3. Emergent
5. Research
Explore
Activity 1. Show Me!
Complete the graphic organizer below by filling out the blanks showing the salient characteristics
of qualitative research. Use a separate sheet for you answer.
Note: Answers may vary.
Activity 2. Give me!
Search for studies conducted by researchers under the kinds of qualitative research. Follow the
template below for your answers.
Note: Answers may vary.
Deepen
Answer the following questions based on what you have learned in this lesson.
Note: Answers may vary.
References
Baraceros, Esther L. Practical Research I. Sampaloc Manila: REX Publishing, 2016.
Bhandari, Pritha. Scribr. 30 July 2020. 6 January 2021.
https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/ercb.htm. n.d. 7 January
2020.
iEduNote. n.d. 5 January 2021.
Negrinelli, Michelle. "quora.com." n.d. 5 January 2021.
Rabang, Jenny Rose F. Practcial Research 1. Puerto Princessa City, 2020.
Sambath, Jagbid. slideshare.net. 24 May 2018. 7 January 2021.
Slideshare.net. 20 January 2010. 6 January 2021.
weetechsolutions.com. n.d. 6 January 2021.