lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Disciplines and ideas in social sciences Quarter 1 Module 2
Social Science (Palawan State University)
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Disciplines and
Ideas in the
Social Science
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Nature and Functions of Social
Sciences Disciplines
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Nature and Functions of Social Sciences Disciplines
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort
has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over
them.
Published by the Department of Education
Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Ronilo AJ K. Firmo, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Writer:
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artists:
Management Team:
Development Team of the Module
Wilson C. Antolin Jr.
Kristle M. Estillore
Ann Christian A. Francisco
Angelica M. Burayag, PhD
Nelie D. Sacman, PhD
Christian C. Linsangan
Darwin C. Alonzo
Cristoni A. Macaraeg
Agnes P. Baluyot
Jonathan Paranada
Ryan Pastor
Nicolas T. Capulong, PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
Angelica M. Burayag, PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas, PhD
Nestor P. Nuesca, EdD
Ramil G. Ilustre, PhD.
Larry B. Espiritu, PhD
Rodolfo A. Dizon, PhD
Nelie D. Sacman, PhD
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III
Office Address: Matalino St. D. M. Government Center,Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
Telephone Number: (045) 598-8580 to 89
E-mail Address:region3@deped.gov.ph
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Disciplines and
Ideas in the
Social Science
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Nature and Functions of Social
Sciences Disciplines
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Nature and Functions of Social Science Disciplines!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Nature and Functions of Social Science Disciplines!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
ii
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an
active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know
What I Know
What’s In
What’s New
What is It
What’s More
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned
This
includes
questions
or
blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
Additional Activities
Answer Key
At the end of this module you will also find:
iii
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
References
This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
iv
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master how social sciences emerge and how does it link to the natural sciences.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module have one lesson:
 Lesson 1 – Introducing the Disciplines within the Social Sciences
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define the nine disciplines of Social Sciences; and
2. identify the natures and functions of each disciplines.
What I Know
Direction: Match the following terms from column A to their definition from
column B. Write only the letter of your answer on the separate sheet of paper.
A
B
1.
Anthropology
a.
2.
Demography
b.
3.
Economics
c.
4.
Geography
d.
5.
History
e.
The study of human population and dynamics
The study of languages and focuses on the three
aspects of language
The scientific study of humans, human behavior
and societies in the past and present.
The study of the past and its records about
events.
The study of what constitutes rational human
behavior in the endeavor to fulfill needs and
wants.
1
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
6.
Humanities
f.
7.
Linguistics
g.
8.
Narrative - Chronology
h.
9.
Natural Sciences
i.
10.
Negativism
j.
11.
Political Science
k.
12.
Positivism
l.
13.
Psychology
m.
14.
Social Sciences
n.
15.
Sociology
o.
Lesson
1
It deals with the study of the relationship
between the earth and people.
This refer to the academic disciplines that
study aspects of human society and culture.
The scientific study of human society and
social relationships.
The scientific study of the mind and
behavior.
The study of politics and power from
domestic, international, and comparative
perspectives.
A branch of science which deals with the
physical world.
The study of human social relationships and
institutions.
It uses sources to provide an accurate and
complete vision of the past.
The creation of narratives of the past analysis plays less role as the role of
accidents is most important.
It rejects human agency in historical affairs.
Rejects all sources. Rejects the possibility of
empathetic understanding of the past.
Introducing the Disciplines
within the Social Sciences
Social science tells us how society works. It provides a deeper understanding
about the world beyond our immediate experience. It tells us that everything is
interconnected, that the labor of yesterday can be the fruits of today and that the
actions of today will have an impact in the future of humanity.
2
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
What’s In
Concept Mapping!
Direction: Fill out a concept map showing the definition of social science as a
study of society. Write your answer on the separate paper. Use the example below
as your reference.
3
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
What’s New
Guess the Pic!
Directions: Using the pictures below, fill in the missing letters to reveal the words.
Then, rearrange the jumbled letters in the middle of the pictures. Write your
answer on the separate paper.
What is It
Social sciences consist of a variety of disciplines, subject areas, and methods,
and there is no reason to expect that these disciplines will eventually add up to a
single unified theory of society. Political science, sociology, history, anthropology,
economics, geography, and area studies all provide their own, largely independent,
definitions of scope, research agenda, and research methods. Furthermore, there is
4
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
no grand plan according to which the disciplinary definitions jointly capture all that
is of scientific interest about the social.
Anthropology, Demography, Economics, Geography, History, Linguistics,
Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology are the nine social science disciplines.
Table 1: Etymologies of Social Science Disciplines and Definitions
Social Science
Disciplines
Etymologies
Definitions
Anthropology
“anthopos” (human),
“logos” (study of)
Demography
“demos” (people),
“graphein” (description)
Economics
“oikanomia” (household
management)
Geography
“geo” (Earth),
“graphein”(description)
Linguistics
History
Political Science
Psychology
Sociology
“lingua” (tongue,
language)
“histoire” (recorded and
documented events)
“politika,” “polis” (affairs
of the cities)
“psyche” (mind),
“logos” (study of)
“socius” (people together,
associate), “logos” (study
of)
Scientific study of man or human
being and their societies in the
past and present
Study of human population and
dynamics
Study of what constitutes rational
human behavior in the endeavor
to fulfill needs and wants
Deals with the study of the
relationship between the earth
and people
Study of languages and focuses
on the three aspects of language
The study of the past and its
records about events.
Deals
with
the
system
of
governance
Scientific study of the mind and
behavior
Study of groups - how they are
formed, how they change, and
how the group impacts individual
behavior
Table 2: Function of Social Science Disciplines
Disciplines
Anthropology
Geography
Function
Essentially to understand as many aspects of human life as
can possibly be studied, to record its findings, and contribute
to both historical understanding as well as to ascertain
current states of the human condition in an attempt to better
understand and/or act upon those findings. (Fethe, 2017)
To understand basic physical systems that affect everyday
life (e.g. earth-sun relationships, water cycles, wind and
ocean currents). To learn the location of places and the
5
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
History
Sociology
Political Science
Economics
Linguistics
Demography
Psychology
physical and cultural characteristics of those places in order
to
function
more
effectively
in
our
increasingly
interdependent world. (Bonnett, 2008)
A useful for work. Its study helps create good businesspeople,
professionals, and political leaders. The number of explicit
professional jobs for historians is considerable, but most
people who study history do not become professional
historians. (Evans, 2001)
Can study society with a wide variety of focuses. From
studying the power elite, to the interaction of the economy,
society and the environment, to the examination of various
rights movements, Sociology examines the way different
aspects of society behave and function. (San Juan, 2011)
A social study concerning the allocation and transfer of
power in decision making, the roles and systems of
governance including governments and international
organizations, political behavior and public policies. (Mortel et
al. 2003)
The three most important functions of economics are as
follows: Just as feeding, digestion and growth are the vital
processes of living beings; similarly production, consumption
and growth are the essentials of economies. (Leaňo, 2012)
Refer to the general social uses of language, such as
requesting
objects
and
activities,
initiating
social
interactions, expressing personal feelings, describing aspects
of the world, requesting information, and pretending.
(Bernardez, 2013)
To know the population of a particular area;
To ascertain as to which factors are influencing the
population of that particular area;
To explain the factors relating to changes in population; and
To study the population trends on the basis of the above
three factors.
According to earlier psychologists, the function of psychology
was to study the nature, origin and destiny of the human
soul. But soul is something metaphysical. It cannot be seen,
observed and touched and we cannot make scientific
experiments in soul. (Kendra, 2020)
Table 3: Nature of Social Science Disciplines
Disciplines
Nature

Anthropology
(Ramos, 2014)
The aim of modern social anthropology is just not to
study human society but also to understand the complex
issues of modern human life.
6
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202





Geography
(Semple, 2004)




History
(Munslow, 2001)






As primitive people have been the focus of anthropological
study, the problems faced by these people in the process
of development in modern days become very important for
the anthropologists to study.
Anthropologists not only deal with the study of these
problems but also try to find out a solution for this.
Developmental anthropology and Action anthropology etc.
are the specialized fields within social anthropology which
deal with such problems.
Therefore, we can say that the scope and aim of social
anthropology go together; one influences the other. As
much as the scope increases a new aim comes out of it.
Geography is concerned to provide an accurate, orderly,
and rational description of the variable character of the
earth's surface" (Hartshorne, p. 21).
Understandably this characterization has not been
universally accepted, and others have suggested terms
such as "areal differentiation," and "spatial interaction" as
better expressing the core of geography.
It has been seen as more akin to history than to the
systematic sciences (physics, chemistry, biology, geology,
meteorology, etc.) in that it has no body of material
peculiar to itself, but rather adopts a point of view.
But subjects studied by some geographers, such as map
projections, are highly "scientific."
A study of the present in the light of the past: The present
has evolved out of the past.
Modern history enables us to understand how society has
come to its present form so that one may intelligently
interpret the sequence of events.
The causal relationships between the selected happenings
are unearthed that help in revealing the nature of
happenings and framing of general laws.
History is the study of man: History deals with man’s
struggle through the ages. History is not static.
By selecting “innumerable biographies” and presenting
their lives in the appropriate social context and the ideas
in the human context, we understand the sweep of
events.
It traces the fascinating story of how man has developed
through the ages, how man has studied to use and
control his environment and how the present institutions
have grown out of the past.
History is concerned with man in time: It deals with a
series of events and each event occurs at a given point in
time. Human history, in fact, is the process of human
7
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202













development in time.
It is time which affords a perspective to events and lends
a charm that brightens up the past.
History is concerned with man in space: The interaction
of man on environment and vice versa is a dynamic one.
History describes about nations and human activities in
the context of their physical and geographical
environment.
Out of this arise the varied trends in the political, social,
economic and cultural spheres of man’s activities and
achievements.
Objective record of happenings: Every precaution is taken
to base the data on original sources and make them free
from subjective interpretation.
It helps in clear understanding of the past and enables us
to take well informed decisions.
Multisided: All aspects of the life of a social group are
closely interrelated and historical happenings cover all
these aspects of life, not limited only to the political
aspect that had so long dominated history.
History is a dialogue between the events of the past and
progressively emerging future ends. The historian’s
interpretation of the past, his selection of the significant
and the relevant events, evolves with the progressive
emergence of new goals.
The general laws regulating historical happenings may
not be considered enough; attempts have to be made to
predict future happenings on the basis of the laws.
Not only narration but also analysis: The selected
happenings are not merely narrated; the causal
relationships between them are properly unearthed.
The tracing of these relationships lead to the development
of general laws that are also compared and contrasted
with similar happenings in other social groups to improve
the reliability and validity of these laws.
Continuity and coherence are the necessary requisites of
history: History carries the burden of human progress as
it is passed down from generation to generation, from
society to society, justifying the essence of continuity.
Relevant: In the study of history only those events are
included which are relevant to the understanding of the
present life.
Comprehensiveness: According to modern concept,
history is not confined to one period or country or nation.
It also deals with all aspects of human life-political,
social, economic, religious, literary, aesthetic and
8
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202

Sociology
(Lo, 2019)










physical, giving a clear sense of world unity and world
citizenship.
Sociology is an independent science: Sociology is not
treated and studied as a branch of any other science like
philosophy, history. Now it has emerged into an
independent science. As an independent science it has its
own field of study.
Sociology is a social science and not a physical science:
All the sciences are divided into two categories: natural
sciences and social sciences.
Natural sciences study physical phenomena where as
social sciences study social phenomena. Social sciences
include Economics, Political Science, and Anthropology
etc.
Sociology belongs to the family of Social science. As a
social science it concentrates its attention on man, his
social behavior, activities and social life. In other words, it
studies man as a social being.
Sociology is a pure science and not an applied science:
The aim of applied science is to apply the acquired
knowledge into life and to put it to use.
But the aim of pure sciences is the acquisition of
knowledge and it is not bothered whether the acquired
knowledge is useful or can be put to use. Sociology is a
pure science, because it aims at the acquisition of
knowledge about human society, hot the utilization of the
knowledge.
Sociology is an abstract science and not a concrete
science: This doesn't mean that Sociology, is an art and
not a science. It only refers that Sociology is not
interested in concrete manifestations of human events.
It is more concerned with the form of human events and
their patterns. Similarly, Sociology does not confine itself
to the study of this society or that particular society. It
simply means that Sociology is an abstract science, not a
concrete science.
Sociology is a categorical and not a normative discipline:
Sociology "confines itself about what is, not what should
be or ought to be."
As a science it is silent about questions of value. It does
not make any kind of value judgment. It only means
Sociology as a discipline cannot deal with problems of
good and evil, right and wrong.
Sociology is a generalizing and not a particularizing
science: Sociology does not study each and every event
that takes place in society. It makes generalization on the
9
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202





basis of some selected events. For example, not by
studying or examining all the secondary groups but by
observing a few secondary groups, a sociologist makes
generalization of secondary groups.
Sociology is a general science and not a special social
science: The area of inquiry of Sociology is general and
not specialized. Social sciences like Political Science,
History, Economics, etc. study human interaction but not
all about human interactions.
But Sociology does not investigate special kind of
phenomena in relation to human life, and activities but it
only studies human activities in a general way.
Sociology is both a rational and empirical science:
Empiricism is the approach that emphasizes experiences
and the facts that result from observation and
experimentation.
On the other hand, rationalism stresses reason and
theories that result from logical inference. The empiricist
collects facts, the rationalist co-ordinates and arranges
them.
In sociological theory both are significant. Thus, Sociology
is both a rational and empirical science.
Conclusion:
Political Science
(Bhargava,2008)
Economics
(Metu, 2016)
Thus, from the above discussion we come to know that the
nature of Sociology is independent, social, a categorical, pure,
abstract, and generalizing; both are a rational and an
empirical social science.
 Politics is not only a mere institution of governance but
also a mechanism for achieving societal goals.
 Political Science is thus a study of the state in the past,
present, and future;
 Study of Political organization, political processes and
political fun
 Study of Political Institutions and Political Theories.
 Study of several subfields: Political Theory.
 Economics is a science: Science is an organized branch of
knowledge that analyses cause and effect relationship
between economic agents.
 Further, economics helps in integrating various sciences
such as mathematics, statistics, etc. to identify the
relationship between price, demand, supply and other
economic factors.
 Positive Economics: A positive science is one that studies
the relationship between two variables but does not give
10
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202





Linguistics
any value judgment, i.e. it states ‘what is’. It deals
with facts about the entire economy.
Normative Economics: As a normative science,
economics passes value judgment, i.e. ‘what ought to be’.
It is concerned with economic goals and policies to attain
these goals.
Economics is an art: Art is a discipline that expresses the
way things are to be done, so as to achieve the desired
end.
Economics has various branches like production,
distribution, consumption and economics that provide
general rules and laws that are capable of solving
different problems of society.
Therefore, economics is considered as science as well as
art, i.e. science in terms of its methodology and arts as in
application.
Hence, economics is concerned with both theoretical and
practical aspects of the economic problems which we
encounter in our day to day life.

An academic discipline – a body of knowledge given
to—or received by—a disciple (student); a branch or
sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an
individual has chosen to specialize in.

A field of science – a widely recognized category of
specialized expertise within science, embodying its own
terminology, nomenclature, and scientific journals.
A social science – a field of academic scholarship that
explores aspects of human societies related to the
languages they speak.
Psychology is the scientific study and practical
application of observable behavior and mental processes
of organisms.
Psychology differs from other social sciences such as:
Sociology, History, or Economics, because psychology
specifically deals with the study of an individual. The
other social sciences will study groups, or history.
Psychology is less a science of reported findings, it
attempts asks and answers questions using observable
behavior and what can be determined as mental
processes of the subject.
The symbol for psychology is the Greek letter “psi” (Ø).
The subject matter of psychology is, affect, behavior, and
cognition.
The affect for psychology is the actual mental processes
that make up: moods, feeling, and emotional state.


Psychology




11
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Table 4: According to Banaag, 2012 the Methods of Creating History:
Methods
Description
Positivism
Narrative - Chronology
Biography - Hagiography
Dialectics - Analysis
Meta - Narrative/ Total
History
Negativism
Embraces human agency in history. Uses sources to
provide and accurate and complete vision of the past.
Also embraces and empathetic approach towards
people in the past.
The creation of narratives of the past - analysis plays
less role as the role of accidents is most important.
The “Great Men” method which creates chronological
narratives. Often look at the agency of one individual
in history.
These are created which become orthodoxies. New
theses then arrive to challenge these - revisionism and a synthesis is produced from the old and the
new. The synthesis becomes the new thesis or
paradigm and the process of clashes (dialectics)
repeats.
Works of the Annales school are characterized by a
multi - layered approach which seek to integrate long
term, midterm and short term factors in a “total
history”. There is an effort to explain large amounts
of human history through the application of theory
and social sciences.
Rejects human agency in historical affairs. Rejects all
sources. Rejects the possibility of empathetic
understanding of the past.
Table 5: According to Gans, 2020 the School of Psychology
School of
Psychology
Proponents
Description


Structuralism
Wilhelm Wundt and
Edward Titchener


Considered to be the first
school
of
thought
in
Psychology.
This
outlook
focused
on
breaking
down
mental
processes into the most basic
components.
The focus was on reducing
mental processes down into
their most basic elements.
The
structuralists
used
techniques
such
12
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202

Functionalism
John Dewey, James
Rowland Angell, and

Harvey Carr.
Founder: William James


Psychoanalytic
Sigmund Freud




Behaviorism
John Watson and B.F.
Skinner


as introspection to analyze the
inner processes of the human
mind.
A
general
psychological
philosophy
that
considers
mental life and behavior in
terms of active adaptation to
the person’s environment.
A theory of the mind in
contemporary
philosophy,
developed
largely
as
an
alternative to both the identity
theory
of
mind
and
behaviorism.
Studies
the
unconscious
mind.
This
school
of
thought
emphasized
the
influence
of
the
unconscious
mind
on
behavior.
Freud
believed
that the
human mind was composed
of three elements: the id, ego,
and superego.
Focuses
on
observable
behavior.
Suggests that all behavior can
be
explained
by
environmental causes rather
than by internal forces.
Theories
of
learning
including
classical
conditioning
and
operant
conditioning were the focus of
a great deal of research.
An approach to psychology
that combines elements of
philosophy, methodology, and
theory.
Psychology should concern
itself with the observable
behavior
of
people
and
animals,
not
with
unobservable events that take
place in their minds.
13
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202


Cognitivism


Gestalt
Psychology
Max
Wertheimer,
Wolfgang Kohler, and
Kurt Koffka


The school of psychology that
studies
mental
processes
including how people think,
perceive, remember and learn.
As part of the larger field of
cognitive science, this branch
of psychology is related to
other disciplines including
neuroscience, philosophy, and
linguistics.
Studies
the
mind
and
behavior as a whole
A school of psychology based
upon the idea that we
experience things as unified
wholes.
Means
“form”
or
“configuration”
The whole is other than the
sum of its parts
14
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
What’s More
Independent Activity 1
Directions: Find the words being defined in the sentences inside the word hunt.
Encircle them using a pen with blue color for number one, yellow for number two,
green for number three, red for number four, and violet for number five. Use a
separate bond paper.
1. Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener are the proponent of this school of
psychology.
2. A theory of the mind in contemporary philosophy, developed largely as an
alternative to both the identity theory of mind and behaviorism.
3. An approach to psychology that combines elements of philosophy, methodology,
and theory.
4. The school of psychology that studies mental processes including how people
think, perceive, remember and learn.
5. This school of thought emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on
behavior.
15
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Independent Assessment 1
Crossword!
Direction: Complete the crossword puzzle by filling in the word that fits in each
clue. Use separate bond paper.
PS Y
C H O L O
G Y
DOWN
ACROSS
1.
3.
4.
5.
2. The school of psychology that
studies mental processes
including how people think,
perceive, remember and learn.
7. Geo
8. Greek word meaning city
12.Study of behavior and mental
processes.
15.“Father of History”
6.
9.
10.
11.
13.
14.
Proponent of Structuralism
Description
Study of language
Rejects human agency in
historical affairs
Study of population
Proponent of Psychoanalytic
Study of
Study of past
Study of man
Study of group of people
16
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Independent Activity 2
Experiment 101!
Directions: You are required to do a simple experiment with three of your family
members. Ask them to help you out with your school project. Once you are
assembled as a group, start asking each one of them to complete a part of your
research project. Make sure that you vary your approach to each of your family
members. Use a separate bond paper to complete this activity.
With family # 1 - You should give him/her a high five and sound so warm and
friendly.
With family # 2 - You should act like you are commanding his/her to do the task
for you.
With family # 3 - You pretend to ignore his/her after you make your request.
Note: Observe your family’s reactions or responses, and answer the following
questions in the worksheet.
How did your friends
react? (single words
or adjective only)
Who among your
friends helped you
out with your
research project?
Please put a (√ ) or
(x) mark.
Who do you
think among
your family
helped you out?
Or did not help
you out?
family # 1
family # 2
family # 3
Processing
Questions
1. Do you think your manner of approaching each one of them,
that is, your way of asking/requesting for help mattered to
each one of them? Explain your answer.
2. Would you get the same results if you approach each one of
them in the same manner? Elaborate your answer.
17
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Independent Assessment 2
Contextualizing Social Sciences Disciplines
Direction: Determine the appropriate discipline applicable in the given situations.
Explain your answer.
Appropriate Social Sciences
Discipline
Situation
1. Evaluation of the career path with
respect to the qualifications of the
individual employees in your company.
2. An analysis of the consumption
patterns among housewives in a
middle - income community.
3. A description of the different cultural
practices of the Igorots.
4. An analysis of the voting behavior
among young adults.
5. An analysis on the causes of fraternity
wars and gang violence.
6. A policy recommendation on how to
raise the incidence of birth in
countries that have an aging
population.
7. A study on what causes severe
depression which leads to suicide.
8. An injury on how colonial occupation
has changed the values of the native
population.
9. An investigation of areas or locations
where the incidence of earthquakes are
most likely to occur.
10. An inquiry on the causes of juvenile
delinquency among adolescents.
18
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Independent Activity 3
Direction: Fill in the table below. List down the nine disciplines of social sciences
on the first column then give social issues on the second column and explain how
these disciplines help the issues on the third column. Use a separate bond paper.
Disciplines of Social
Sciences
Social Issues
How the Discipline can
help the issue
Independent Assessment 3
Chart Completion!
Direction: Compare and contrast the different social sciences disciplines by
completing the table below. Use a separate bond paper.
Disciplines
Function
Anthropology
Demography
Economics
Geography
History
Linguistics
Political Science
19
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
Nature
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Psychology
Sociology
What I Have Learned
Direction: Answer the following questions below and write your answer on a
separate bond paper.
1. How do the disciplines of social sciences differ from natural sciences and
humanities in terms of nature and function? Explain your thought in at least
five sentences.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Cite at least five examples on how the disciplines of social sciences, natural
sciences, and humanities come in common.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
20
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
What I Can Do
Crime and Punishment!
If you have been a victim of the following crimes, state whether or not you
will inform the police, and why.
Crime
Tell the Police
(Yes or No)
Why?
Robbery
Blackmail
Assault
Car theft
Cyber bullying
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is NOT an example of a social science?
a. Anthropology
c. Physics
b. Economics
d. Psychology
21
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
2. If you were to explore the reason why a group of people speak the way they do,
which discipline would be the MOST applicable to use?
a. Chemistry
c. Linguistics
b. Economics
d. Psychology
3. Which of the following BEST describes what social sciences have in common?
a. A focus on material culture
b. The study of the human mind
c. Research that overlaps with genetics
d. An interest in studying human beings
4. This social science is most closely related to sociology.
a. Anthropology
c. Psychology
b. Biology
d. Social Psychology
5. One would study this to learn about past events and how we are affected by
them.
a. Anthropology
c. Political Science
b. History
d. Social Sciences
6. The study of choices people make to satisfy their needs and wants.
a. Economics
c. Political Science
b. History
d. Sociology
7. With this social science one would study voting patterns, and the formation of
politically based groups.
a. Economics
c. Political Science
b. History
d. Sociology
8. Being able to put yourself in someone else’s shoes is important in this social
science.
a. Economics
c. Social Psychology
b. Geography
d. Sociology
9. _____________ studies the relationship the human race has with its environment.
a. Geography
c. Psychology
b. Geology
d. Sociology
10. This social science deals with the behavior and thinking of organisms.
a. Anthropology
c. Science
b. Psychology
d. Social Psychology
11. Anthropology most often studies the relationship between ________________.
a. Physics and Biology
b. Marketing strategies and geography
c. The natural environment and trading system
d. Biological traits and socially acquired characteristics of humans
12. Who believed that the human mind was composed of three elements: the id,
ego, and superego.
a. Kurt Koffka
c. Sigmund Freud
b. Max Wertheimer
d. Wolfgang Kohler
13. A school of psychology based upon the idea that we experience things as
unified wholes.
a. Behaviorism
c. Functionalism
b. Cognitivism
d. Gestalt Psychology
22
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
14. The study on why different cultures grow different sorts of crops is a question
of _____________.
a. Cartography
c. Geography
b. Demography
d. Geology
15. In the statement “the less time you spend online, the higher your test scores
are”.
a. Test scores are the independent variable.
b. The amount of time spent online is the dependent variable.
c. There is a positive relationship between time online and test scores.
d. There is a negative relationship between time spent online and test
scores.
Additional Activities
Additional Activity 1
Creating an Imaginary Nation!
Directions: Create a physical map of an imaginary nation. Write the name ofthe
country on the top of the map. You should include at least five different land or
water forms in the map and give each of them a unique name (e.g. The Shadow
Mountain). You should also include at least five major cities including a capital
designated by a star. The cities will be designated by a large black dot and these
must be named. Neatly color the maps with colored pencils or crayons. Explain
how your imaginary nation is conducive to be a productive and developed society.
Use separate bond paper.
23
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Additional Activity 2
Use of Historical Evidence: Personal History
Directions: Describe yourself to the future generation by providing clues as to your
personality, character, values, and ideas. Paste five pieces of evidence that best
represent you. Only one can be a description of yourself and explain why the
evidence provided describes you as a person. Do this on a separate bond paper.
Paste five pieces of evidence here
Description:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
24
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
Answer Key
25
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
References
Banaag,Lee Mark T.Socio Anthro;An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Study and
Culture.Mandaluyong City;Books Atbp.Publishing Corp.2012.
Bernardez, Edisteo B. and Rowena T. Ulalan. Introduction to Linguistics. Malabon
City: Jimczyville Publications.2013.
Bonnett, Alastair (2008) .What is Geography? (p.102). London: Sage
Publication.
Economic and social research council. Retrieved
www.esrc.ac.uk/about-us/what-is-social-science
July
18,
2016
at
Gigante - Labiste, Maria Caridad and Tumoroh Caridad and Tumoroh Carin
Brazalote. General Psychology. Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing
Corp. 2011.
Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 05,
2020.Major
Schools
of
Thought
in
Psychology
https://www.verywellmind.com/psychology-schools-of-thought-2795247
Leaňo, Roman D and Ronald M. Corpuz. Fundamental of Economics.Mania:
Mindshaper Co.,Inc.2012.
Mortel, Honorardo M. et al. The Basics of Political Science. Manila: Innovative
Educational Materials, Inc.2013.
Sagmit Rosario S.and Nora N. Soriano.Geography
World.Quezon:Rex Printing Company,Inc.1999.
in
the
Changing
San Juan, Wilfredo R. and Ma. Luz J. Centeno. General Sociology with Anthropology
and Family Planning. Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.2011.
26
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)
lOMoARcPSD|28749202
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education Region III – Learning Resources
Management Section (DepEd Region III LRMS)
Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center,
Maimpis City of San Fernando (P)
Telephone Number: (045) 598-8580 to 89
E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph
Downloaded by Rhea Mae Anglita (rheamae.anglita@gmail.com)